A medical specimen pneumatic launching device and a pneumatic transmission system using the device

Abstract

This application relates to the field of pneumatic logistics technology, and discloses a medical specimen pneumatic launching device and a pneumatic transmission system applying the device. The device includes a launching box body, a feeding port is arranged at the top of the launching box body, a material arranging mechanism is arranged inside the launching box body, an adjusting box and a pushing block are arranged on the back of the material arranging mechanism, an adjusting groove is arranged on the top surface of the adjusting box, the width of the adjusting groove is smaller than the diameter of the tube cap of the specimen tube and not less than the diameter of the tube body, the opening at one end of the adjusting groove far away from the material arranging mechanism is enlarged and larger than the area of the tube cap of the specimen tube, the pushing block is used for pushing the specimen tube to slide, a commutation launching mechanism is arranged below the enlarged opening end of the adjusting groove, and the commutation launching mechanism is used for launching the specimen tube with the tube cap in the front posture. By uniformly adjusting the specimen tube to the transmission posture with the tube cap in the front, the stability of the air pressure in the pipeline is maintained, and the stability and safety of specimen transmission are ensured in this application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of pneumatic logistics technology, and particularly to a medical specimen pneumatic emission device and a pneumatic transmission system using the device. Background Art

[0002] Currently, with the continuous growth of the volume of hospital inspection specimens, traditional manual transportation can no longer meet the hospital logistics needs, and large hospitals have begun to deploy pneumatic logistics transmission systems. At present, the implementation method of pneumatic logistics transmission systems is mostly the transmission bottle type pneumatic transmission system, which has the advantages of fast transmission speed, convenient cleaning, low cost, etc., but the disadvantages are that the work process is relatively cumbersome, the error rate is high, and the efficiency is slow. With the increasing requirements of clinical laboratories for the turnover time, timeliness, and traceability of specimens, the traditional logistics transmission method can no longer fully meet the needs of clinical laboratories, and domestic development has started on a single-specimen pneumatic transmission system for the transmission of inspection specimens. This system mainly includes an air compressor, a specimen emission end, a transmission pipeline, a specimen receiving end, etc.

[0003] Regarding the specimen emission end device, a Chinese invention patent with the authorization publication number CN115465669A discloses a pneumatic logistics transmission and sending device for specimen tubes, which includes a housing. An inlet door is opened on the housing for putting specimen tubes into the housing. A specimen sorting unit, a feeding unit, a material deflecting unit, and an emission unit are arranged in the housing. The specimen sorting unit is used to sort the postures of the specimen tubes entering the housing so that the specimen tubes enter the feeding unit in a horizontal state. Then, a barcode scanner is used to scan the barcodes on the specimen tubes at the feeding unit and upload them to the system. After scanning, the material deflecting unit deflects the specimen tubes to the emission unit, and compressed air is blown into the emission unit to blow the specimen tubes into the emission transmission pipeline. The compressed air continues to blow, so as to transport the specimen tubes to the destination.

[0004] Regarding the above related technologies, the inventor found that when multiple specimen tubes enter the emission transmission pipeline, some may have the tube cap in the front and some may have the tube cap in the back. These irregular arrangements will cause unstable air pressure in the emission transmission pipeline, affecting the transmission stability of the specimen tubes. In addition, for those specimen tubes with the tube cap in the back, the side of the tube cap closer to the front will be subjected to the pressure of the air from the front during the forward movement, resulting in the possibility of detaching from the tube body, reducing the safety of specimen transmission. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to make the specimen tubes be regularly arranged in the pipeline, maintain the stability of the air pressure in the pipeline, thereby ensuring the transmission stability of the specimen tubes in the pipeline, and at the same time avoiding the tube caps of the specimen tubes from detaching from the tube body and improving the safety of specimen transmission, the present application provides a medical specimen pneumatic emission device and a pneumatic transmission system using the device.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a pneumatic launching device for medical specimens, adopting the following technical solutions:

[0007] A pneumatic launching device for medical specimens includes a launching box body. A feeding port is opened at the top of the launching box body. A material arranging mechanism is arranged inside the launching box body. The material arranging mechanism is set as a push plate lifting structure. The material arranging mechanism is used to lift the specimen tubes one by one in a horizontal state. A regulating box and a pushing block are arranged on the back of the material arranging mechanism. An adjusting groove is opened on the top surface of the regulating box. The width of the adjusting groove is smaller than the diameter of the tube cap of the specimen tube and not less than the diameter of the tube body. The opening at the end of the adjusting groove away from the material arranging mechanism is enlarged and larger than the area of the tube cap of the specimen tube. The pushing block slides on the top surface of the regulating box along the direction in which the adjusting groove is opened. The pushing block is used to push the specimen tube. A reversing launching mechanism is arranged below the enlarged end of the opening of the adjusting groove. The reversing launching mechanism is used to launch the specimen tube with the tube cap in the front.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solutions, the specimen tubes are put into the feeding box through the feeding port. The material arranging mechanism sorts out their postures, makes them in a horizontal state, and lifts the specimen tubes to the top one by one. The pushing block slides on the regulating box and pushes the specimen tubes that reach the top into the adjusting groove. Since the width of the adjusting groove is not less than the diameter of the tube body of the specimen tube and smaller than the diameter of the tube cap, no matter whether the specimen tube enters the adjusting groove with the tube body in the front or the tube cap in the front, the tube body of the specimen tube will pass through the adjusting groove, while the tube cap will be clamped above the adjusting groove. At this time, the postures of the specimen tubes are unified, that is, in the posture with the tube cap on the top. At this time, continue to push the specimen tube, and the specimen tube vertically slides down from one end of the enlarged opening of the adjusting groove into the reversing launching mechanism. At this time, the reversing launching mechanism launches the specimen tube with the tube cap in the front, making the specimen tubes arranged regularly in the pipeline, maintaining the stability of the air pressure in the pipeline, thus ensuring the stability of the specimen tube transmission in the pipeline. At the same time, because the tube cap is in the front, it avoids the tube cap of the specimen tube falling off from the tube body, improving the safety of specimen transmission.

[0009] Optionally, a guide rail is connected to the regulating box by bolts. The guide rail is parallel to the direction in which the adjusting groove is opened. A slider is slidably connected to the guide rail. The pushing block is arranged on the slider. An adjusting cylinder and a push rod are further arranged on the back of the material arranging mechanism. The push rod is L-shaped. The bent part of the push rod is rotatably connected inside the launching box body. The telescopic shaft of the adjusting cylinder is hinged to one end of the push rod. A limiting groove is opened along the length direction at the other end of the push rod. A sliding rod is arranged on the slider. The sliding rod is slidably connected in the limiting groove.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, when the telescopic shaft of the cylinder extends, it drives one end of the push rod to rotate, thereby driving the other end of the push rod to rotate. The push rod drives the slider to slide on the adjustment box through the slide rod, thereby driving the push block to slide on the adjustment box. The push block pushes the specimen tube to slide on the adjustment groove, so that the body of the specimen tube passes through the adjustment groove, and the tube cap of the specimen tube is clamped above the adjustment groove, thus completing the adjustment and unification of the attitude of the specimen tube. The push block continues to push the specimen tube, making it fall from the end with the enlarged opening of the adjustment groove into the commutation and launching mechanism. Through the pushing of the adjustment cylinder and the push rod, the conversion of the specimen tube from the horizontal state to the vertical state with the tube cap on top is completed, and the attitude of all specimen tubes is unified. The operation is simple and convenient, preparing for the next launching action.

[0011] Optionally, a support seat is arranged on the back of the sorting mechanism. The support seat is fixedly connected to the inside of the launching box. The top surface of the support seat is lower than the top surface of the sorting mechanism. An installation groove is formed on the top surface of the support seat. A barcode scanner is arranged in the installation groove. The adjustment box is located at one end of the support seat. The guide rail is installed on the support seat and the adjustment box.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, after the specimen tubes are sorted by the sorting mechanism, they are lifted one by one to the highest position of the sorting mechanism, and then roll along the sorting mechanism onto the support seat. The barcode scanner on the support seat scans the barcodes on the specimen tubes and uploads them to the system of the medical institution, thereby completing the entry of the information of the specimen tubes.

[0013] Optionally, two guide rollers are rotatably connected to the support seat. The height of the guide rollers is lower than the top surface of the sorting mechanism. The interval between the two guide rollers is smaller than the diameter of the body of the specimen tube and the interval is directly opposite to the adjustment groove. The axial direction of the guide rollers is parallel to the opening direction of the adjustment groove. A turning motor is arranged inside the launching box. The turning motor drives one of the guide rollers to rotate through a belt.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the specimen tubes are lifted by the sorting mechanism and roll between the two guide rollers. At this time, the barcodes on the bodies of the specimen tubes may not be directly opposite to the barcode scanner. The turning motor drives one of the guide rollers to rotate through a belt, and the guide roller drives the specimen tube to turn. During the rotation, when the barcode on the specimen tube is aligned with the barcode scanner below, the scanning can be completed, thus facilitating the scanning of the barcodes on the specimen tubes, avoiding the situation that the specimen tubes are not scanned, and improving the accuracy and completion rate of the scanning.

[0015] Optionally, the commutation emission mechanism includes an emission box, in which a commutation block is slidably connected. A fixing groove is vertically formed in the commutation block. An outlet is formed at the bottom of the adjustment box, and a guide tube is arranged at the outlet. A blanking port is formed at the top of the emission box, and the blanking port is aligned with the bottom opening of the guide tube. An emission tube is arranged at the top of the emission box, and an emission hole is formed in the emission box corresponding to the emission tube. An air supply hole is formed at the bottom of the emission box corresponding to the emission hole, and compressed air is introduced into the air supply hole.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the commutation block can slide in the emission box. When the fixing groove of the commutation block is aligned with the lower opening of the guide tube, the specimen tube in the guide tube passes through the blanking port and falls into the fixing groove. At this time, the commutation block moves towards the emission tube. When it moves to the position where the fixing groove is aligned with the emission hole and the air supply hole, compressed air is introduced into the air supply hole, and the specimen tube is blown into the emission tube with the tube cap in the front. At this time, the commutation of the specimen tube is completed, and it is adjusted to the posture with the tube cap in the front, so that the commutation of the specimen tube can be completed, and it can be transported with the tube cap in the front, avoiding pressure on the connection between the tube cap and the tube body, ensuring the firmness of the connection between the tube cap and the tube body, and thus ensuring the safety of the specimen during the transportation process.

[0017] Optionally, jet ports are formed at both ends of the emission box, and driving nozzles are installed in both jet ports for introducing compressed air.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, by introducing compressed air into the driving nozzles at both ends of the emission box, the commutation block can be driven to slide back and forth in the emission box, so that the specimen tube can be transported from below the guide tube to the emission tube, completing the transfer and commutation of the specimen tube.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present application provides a pneumatic transmission system applying a medical specimen pneumatic emission device, adopting the following technical solution:

[0020] A pneumatic transmission system applying a medical specimen pneumatic emission device includes a specimen emission device, a specimen receiving device, a transmission pipeline and an air compressor. The air supply hole is communicated with the air compressor through a pipeline, the driving nozzle is communicated with the air compressor through a pipeline, the emission tube of the specimen emission device and the specimen receiving device are communicated through a transmission pipeline, and the air compressor is used to provide compressed air for the whole system.

[0021] By adopting the above technical scheme, the launching tube of the specimen launching device is connected with the transmission pipeline, the specimen tube enters into the transmission pipeline through the launching tube, is transmitted with the tube cap in front, and then enters into the receiving device through the transmission pipeline. During this process, the air compressor provides compressed air to the entire system. When the specimen tube arrives at the specimen receiving device, the inspector can take the specimen out of the receiving device for inspection, or connect the specimen receiving device to the hospital's existing automated specimen processing equipment. After arriving, the specimen tube can directly enter the next-level processing equipment without human intervention, thereby realizing automated and integrated transmission and processing of specimens, thereby improving medical efficiency.

[0022] Optionally, it also includes a converter, which includes a transmitting converter and a receiving converter. When the specimen transmitting device is set to one unit and the specimen receiving device is set to multiple units, the converter uses a receiving converter, and the receiving converter is used to divide the transmission path of the specimen tube emitted by the specimen transmitting device into two for transmission; when the specimen receiving device is set to one unit and the specimen transmitting device is set to multiple units, the converter uses a transmitting converter, and the transmitting converter is used to aggregate the specimen tubes transmitted by the two transmission paths into one transmission path for transmission; when the specimen transmitting device and the specimen receiving device are both set to multiple units, the converter uses a transmitting converter and a receiving converter.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, when one specimen transmitting device and multiple specimen receiving devices are arranged in the same system, the system selects a receiving converter, which is used to divide the transmission path into two, that is, the specimen tube emitted from the specimen transmitting device is transported to the first receiving converter through the transmission pipeline, and then it is split by the receiving converter and transmitted to two transmission pipelines respectively, one of which is transported to the first specimen receiving device, and the other continues to be transported and transmitted to the second receiving converter, and then it is split by the second receiving converter and divided into two transmission paths, one is transported to the second specimen receiving device and the other is transported to the third receiving converter... and the switching is continuously performed until it is transported to the specimen receiving device to be delivered;

[0024] When one specimen receiving device and multiple specimen transmitting devices are set in the same system, a sending converter is selected for this system. The sending converter is used to combine the transmission paths into one. That is, the specimen tubes emitted from the first and second specimen transmitting devices respectively enter two different transmission pipelines. Both transmission pipelines are connected to the first sending converter. The specimen tubes conveyed by the two transmission pipelines are aggregated together through the first sending converter and output from the same transmission pipeline, and then enter the second sending converter. The specimen tube emitted from the third specimen transmitting device also enters the second sending converter through the transmission pipeline. The second sending converter aggregates them again and conveys them to the third sending converter... and so on for continuous aggregation until all the specimen tubes emitted from the specimen transmitting devices are conveyed into the specimen receiving device;

[0025] When multiple specimen transmitting devices and multiple specimen receiving devices are set in the same system, a sending converter and a receiving converter are selected for this system. The transmission paths of multiple specimen transmitting devices are gradually aggregated into the last sending converter through the sending converter, and then gradually branched through multiple receiving converters, so as to convey the specimens to the corresponding specimen receiving devices;

[0026] According to the number of specimen transmitting devices and specimen receiving devices in the system, different converters and the number of converters are selected, so as to form a specimen cascade transmission network, realizing the unified transmission and management of specimen transmitting devices at different locations, or the timely fixed-point delivery of specimen receiving devices at different locations, further improving the automation level and intelligent management level of specimen transmission, and improving the medical efficiency and the degree of medical informatization.

[0027] Optionally, the receiving converter includes a box body. One end of the box body is provided with an inlet hole, and the other end is provided with two outlet holes. A switching cylinder and a switching block are arranged in the box body. Two communication channels are opened in the switching block, which are respectively used to connect the inlet hole with the two outlet holes. The switching cylinder is used to drive the switching block to slide, and the switching cylinder is electrically connected to the barcode scanner.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, the barcode scanner is electrically connected to the switching cylinder of the receiving converter. After the barcode on the specimen tube is scanned in real time by the barcode scanner, the information of the specimen tube is synchronously uploaded to the system, and then compared with the specimen categories built in the system or provided by the hospital HIS system, so as to complete the discrimination of the specimen tube category, and automatically judge the specimen receiving device to which it needs to arrive according to different categories. Accordingly, the intermediate transmission path is automatically selected, and then the switching cylinder drives the switching block to slide, so that the inlet hole and the outlet hole of the corresponding transmission path are connected, thus realizing the fixed-point delivery of different category specimen tubes, improving the efficiency and accuracy of specimen transmission, and further improving the intelligent level of specimen transmission.

[0029] Optionally, the specimen receiving device includes a receiving box body, a material taking opening is formed in the receiving box body, a receiving pipe is arranged on the receiving box body, the receiving pipe is communicated with a transmission pipeline, the air compressor can send compressed air to the bottom of the receiving pipe through a pipeline, three groups of infrared sensors are arranged along the axial direction of the receiving pipe, and the three groups of infrared sensors are sequentially set as a first group, a second group and a third group from bottom to top. The interval between the first group of infrared sensors and the second group of infrared sensors is the length of a single specimen tube, the interval between the second group and the third group is less than the length of a single specimen tube, and the three groups of infrared sensors judge the number of specimen tubes reaching by the time of trigger recognition and disappearance recognition.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solution, in order to avoid the situation that multiple specimen tubes are misidentified as one due to being abutted end to end during transmission, three groups of infrared sensors are provided to judge the number of specimen tubes reaching the specimen receiving device. The specific judgment is as follows: when the first group and the second group of infrared sensors simultaneously recognize a signal while the third group of infrared sensors does not recognize a signal, the system recognizes that one specimen tube has reached; when the three groups of infrared sensors simultaneously recognize a signal, the system will make a judgment according to the following several logics: within the first unit time range, the three groups of infrared sensors are simultaneously triggered and disappear, and the system recognizes that two specimen tubes have reached; within the first unit time range, the three groups of infrared sensors are simultaneously triggered and do not disappear, and the system recognizes that three specimen tubes have reached; within the second unit time range, the three groups of infrared sensors are simultaneously triggered and disappear, and the system recognizes that four specimen tubes have reached; within the second unit time range, the three groups of infrared sensors are simultaneously triggered and do not disappear, and the system recognizes that five specimen tubes have reached... The system can set the length of the unit time according to the number of specimen tubes continuously emitted by the specimen emitting device, and at the same time increase the number of unit times for judgment, so as to more accurately judge the number of specimen tubes reaching the specimen receiving device, avoid misjudgment due to the end-to-end abutment of specimen tubes, and ensure the stable operation of the transmission system.

[0031] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0032] 1. Since the width of the adjustment slot is not less than the body diameter of the specimen tube but less than the cap diameter, no matter whether the specimen tube enters the adjustment slot with the body first or the cap first, the body of the specimen tube will pass through the adjustment slot, while the cap will be clamped above the adjustment slot. At this time, the attitude of the specimen tube is unified, that is, in the attitude with the cap on top. Then, when the specimen tube is pushed further, the specimen tube vertically slides down from one end of the widened opening of the adjustment slot into the commutation launching mechanism. At this time, the commutation launching mechanism launches the specimen tube with the cap first, making the specimen tubes arranged regularly in the pipeline, maintaining the stability of the air pressure in the pipeline, thus ensuring the stability of the specimen tube transmission in the pipeline. At the same time, because the cap is in front, it avoids the cap of the specimen tube falling off from the body, improving the safety of specimen transmission;

[0033] 2. Select different converters and the number of converters according to the number of specimen launching devices and specimen receiving devices in the system, so as to form a specimen stepped transmission network, realize the unified transmission and management of specimen launching devices at different locations, or the timely fixed-point delivery of specimen receiving devices at different locations, further improving the automation level and intelligent management level of specimen transmission, and improving the medical efficiency and the degree of medical informatization;

[0034] 3. The barcode scanner is electrically connected to the switching cylinder of the receiving converter. After the barcode on the specimen tube is scanned in real time by the barcode scanner, the information of the specimen tube is synchronously uploaded to the system, and then compared with the specimen categories built in the system or provided by the hospital HIS system, so as to complete the discrimination of the specimen tube category, and automatically judge the specimen receiving device that needs to be reached according to different categories. Based on this, the intermediate transmission path is automatically selected, and then the switching cylinder drives the switching block to slide, so that the feed hole and the discharge hole of the corresponding transmission path are connected, thus realizing the fixed-point delivery of different category specimen tubes, improving the efficiency and accuracy of specimen transmission, and further improving the intelligent level of specimen transmission. Description of the Drawings

[0035] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0036] Figure 2 is the rear view of a part of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present application, mainly used to show the internal structure of the specimen launching device;

[0037] Figure 3 is the partial structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present application, mainly used to show the feeding box and the material sorting mechanism;

[0038] Figure 4 is the partial structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present application, mainly used to show the scanning mechanism;

[0039] Figure 5It is a partial structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present application, mainly used to show the adjustment mechanism;

[0040] Figure 6 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present application, mainly used to show the commutation emission mechanism;

[0041] Figure 7 It is an overall structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present application;

[0042] Figure 8 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present application, mainly used to show the specimen receiving device;

[0043] Figure 9 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present application, mainly used to show the specimen receiving device;

[0044] Figure 10 It is a front view sectional view of a partial structure of Embodiment 2 of the present application, mainly used to show the receiving tube and the infrared sensor;

[0045] Figure 11 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 3 of the present application, mainly used to show the situation of one specimen transmitting device and multiple specimen receiving devices;

[0046] Figure 12 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 3 of the present application, mainly used to show the situation of multiple specimen transmitting devices and one specimen receiving device;

[0047] Figure 13 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 3 of the present application, mainly used to show the situation of multiple specimen transmitting devices and multiple specimen receiving devices;

[0048] Figure 14 It is a top view sectional view of a partial structure of Embodiment 3 of the present application, mainly used to show the sending converter;

[0049] Figure 15 It is a front view sectional view of a partial structure of Embodiment 4 of the present application, mainly used to show three groups of infrared sensors.

[0050] Description of reference numerals: 1. Specimen emission device; 11. Emission box; 111. Feeding port; 112. Cover plate; 12. Feeding box; 121. Feeding opening; 122. First guiding step; 123. Second guiding step; 13. Support frame; 131. First connecting plate; 132. Second connecting plate; 14. Material arranging mechanism; 141. Fixed plate; 142. Pushing plate; 15. Scanning mechanism; 151. Support base; 152. Installation groove; 153. Barcode scanner; 154. Guide roller; 155. Turning motor; 156. Infrared detector; 16. Adjusting mechanism; 161. Adjusting cylinder; 162. Push rod; 1621. Limit groove; 163. Pushing block; 1631. Detection hole; 164. Adjusting box; 1641. Adjusting groove; 1642. Discharge port; 165. Guide tube; 1661. Slide block; 1662. Slide bar; 167. Guide rail; 168. Bracket; 169. Stroke limiter; 17. Reversing emission mechanism; 171. Emission box; 1711. Material dropping port; 1712. Jet orifice; 1713. Emission hole; 1714. Air supply hole; 172. Reversing block; 1721. Fixed groove; 173. Driving nozzle; 174. Emission tube; 2. Specimen receiving device; 21. Receiving box; 211. Material taking port; 212. Material taking door; 22. Receiving bin; 23. Receiving tube; 24. Buffer tube; 25. Guide tube; 26. Infrared sensor; 3. Transmission pipeline; 4. Converter; 41. Sending converter; 411. Box body; 412. Feed hole; 413. Discharge hole; 414. Switching cylinder; 415. Guide box; 416. Switching block; 417. Communication channel; 42. Receiving converter; 5. Air compressor. Detailed implementation manners

[0051] For the specimen emission terminal device in the single-specimen pneumatic transmission system, after receiving multiple specimen tubes put in, it generally needs to first arrange their postures to facilitate subsequent single-specimen tube barcode scanning and emission operations.

[0052] Currently, for the arrangement of specimen tubes, a commonly used method is the push plate lifting type, and its working principle is as follows: An inclined material sorting bin is provided inside the housing. A plurality of fixed plates are arranged in the material sorting bin. On one side of each fixed plate close to the material sorting bin, a push plate is provided. The push plate can slide vertically relative to the fixed plate. The widths of the top surfaces of the push plate and the fixed plate are both adapted to the width of a specimen tube, and the sides of the top surfaces of the push plate and the fixed plate away from the material sorting bin are both inclined downward. In the initial state, the top surface of the push plate closest to the material sorting bin is located at the bottom of the material sorting bin. A specimen tube slides along the inclined surface and lands on this push plate. At this time, all the push plates slide upward and stop when they reach the same height as the adjacent fixed plate. The specimen tube on the push plate falls onto the adjacent fixed plate due to inertia and the inclined surface of the push plate. At this time, all the push plates slide downward again until the top surface is at the same height as the top surface of the previous fixed plate. The specimen tube on the fixed plate slides onto the next push plate due to the inclined surface on the fixed plate. This cycle repeats until the specimen tube is continuously lifted to the top of the fixed plate at the top, and then slides along the inclined surface at the top of the fixed plate to the feeding unit, and the barcode on the tube body is scanned here. During the material sorting process, the specimen tubes are sorted and adjusted from various postures to a horizontal posture with the circumferential side walls abutting against the fixed plate or the push plate, and at the same time, it can ensure that the specimen tubes are lifted one by one in an orderly manner and sent to the feeding unit.

[0053] The following will further elaborate on this application with reference to the attached Figures 1 - 15 drawings. Example 1

[0054] Example 1 of this application discloses a medical specimen pneumatic emission device.

[0055] Refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3, A pneumatic emission device for medical specimens includes an emission box body 11. On one side of the top of the emission box body 11, there is a touch screen, and on the other side, there is a feeding port 111. A cover plate 112 is hinged on the feeding port 111. After the cover plate 112 is opened, specimen tubes can be put into the emission box body 11 from the feeding port 111. Above the interior of the emission box body 11, there is a feeding box 12, and below, there is a support frame 13. At one end of the back of the feeding box 12 away from the feeding port 111, there is a feeding opening 121, and a material arranging mechanism 14 is arranged in the feeding opening 121. On the bottom surface of the inner wall of the feeding box 12, there are a first guiding step 122 and a second guiding step 123. The first guiding step 122 is inclined downward along the direction from the feeding port 111 to the material arranging mechanism 14, and the second guiding step 123 is in front of the material arranging mechanism 14 and is inclined downward along the direction from the front of the emission box body 11 to the back of the emission box body 11. The second guiding step 123 is lower than the first guiding step 122. At the top of the feeding opening 121, there is a scanning mechanism 15. The scanning mechanism 15 is located at the back of the material arranging mechanism 14. On the support frame 13, there are an adjusting mechanism 16 and a reversing emission mechanism 17. The adjusting mechanism 16 is located at the back of the scanning mechanism 15, and the reversing emission mechanism 17 is located outside the feeding box 12 and between the outer wall of the first guiding step 122 and the feeding opening 121.

[0056] The specimen tubes are put into the feeding box 12 from the feeding port 111, slide down along the first guiding step 122 to the second guiding step 123, and then slide along the second guiding step 123 to the bottom of the material arranging mechanism 14. The material arranging mechanism 14 arranges their postures to make them in a horizontal state, and lifts the specimen tubes one by one to the scanning mechanism 15. The scanning mechanism 15 scans and identifies the barcodes on the specimen tubes and uploads them to the control system, thereby entering the information of the specimen tubes. After scanning, the adjusting mechanism 16 uniformly adjusts the postures of the specimen tubes to a vertical state with the tube caps on top, and they fall into the reversing emission mechanism 17. The reversing emission mechanism 17 then changes the sliding direction of the specimen tubes so that they are emitted with the tube caps in front.

[0057] Refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4, the material sorting mechanism 14 adopts a push plate lifting structure, and the specific structure is the prior art, so it will not be elaborated here. The scanning mechanism 15 includes a support base 151, a barcode scanner 153 and a material turning assembly. The support base 151 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the feeding port 121 and is located on the back of the uppermost fixing plate 141 in the material sorting mechanism 14. An installation groove 152 is formed on the top surface of the support base 151 to install the barcode scanner 153. The length direction of the support base 151 is parallel to the width direction of the material sorting mechanism 14. The material turning assembly includes two guide rollers 154 rotatably connected to the top of the support base 151. The two guide rollers 154 are located above the barcode scanner 153. The two guide rollers 154 are arranged in parallel and the axial direction is parallel to the length direction of the support base 151. There is a gap between the two guide rollers 154 and the gap width is smaller than the diameter of the specimen tube body. The top of the guide roller 154 is flush with the lowest point of the top surface of the uppermost fixing plate 141, so that the specimen tube can slide along the inclined top surface of the fixing plate 141 to between the two guide rollers 154. A material turning motor 155 is installed on the inner wall of the feeding port 121. The material turning motor 155 drives one of the guide rollers 154 to rotate through a belt. An infrared detector 156 is installed at one end of the support base 151 away from the adjustment mechanism 16, which is used to identify whether there is a specimen tube on the two guide rollers 154 and is electrically connected to the material turning motor 155 at the same time.

[0058] After the specimen tubes are sorted by the material sorting mechanism 14, they are lifted one by one to the scanning mechanism 15. The specimen tubes on the uppermost fixing plate 141 slide along the inclined plane to between the two guide rollers 154. At this time, the infrared detector 156 detects the specimen tube and controls the material turning motor 155 to start. The material turning motor 155 drives one of the guide rollers 154 to rotate through a belt, and the guide roller 154 drives the specimen tube to turn. During the rotation, when the barcode on the specimen tube is aligned with the barcode scanner 153 below, the barcode scanner 153 scans it to record the information of the specimen tube.

[0059] Refer to Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5The adjustment mechanism 16 includes an adjustment cylinder 161, a push rod 162, a guide, a push block 163 and an adjustment box 164. The adjustment box 164 is fixedly connected to the end of the support seat 151 away from the infrared detector 156. The adjustment cylinder 161 is connected to the side of the support seat 151 away from the material handling mechanism 14 by bolts, and the telescopic axis of the adjustment cylinder 161 is set downward. The first connecting plate 131 is fixedly connected to the support frame 13. The bottom of the push rod 162 is rotatably connected to the first connecting plate 131. The push rod 162 is L-shaped. The bottom of the push rod 162 is close to the end of the adjustment cylinder 161 and is bent toward the adjustment cylinder 161. The bent end is hinged to the telescopic axis of the adjustment cylinder 161. The top of the push rod 162 is provided with a limiting groove 1621 along its length. The guide member includes a slider 1661 and a guide rail 167. The guide rail 167 is fixedly connected to the support seat 151 and the adjustment box 164 on the side away from the material sorting mechanism 14, and the length direction of the guide rail 167 is parallel to the axial direction of the material guide roller 154. The slider 1661 is slidably connected to the guide rail 167. The slider 1661 is fixedly connected to a slide bar 1662, and the slide bar 1662 is slidably connected to the limit groove 1621. The push block 163 is fixedly connected to the slider 1661, and the push block 163 is located above the two material guide rollers 154. A detection hole 1631 is opened at the bottom of the push block 163, and the infrared rays emitted by the infrared detector 156 pass through the detection hole 1631 to reach the specimen tube.

[0060] When the specimen tube is scanned, the slider 1661 is located at one end of the guide roller 154 close to the infrared detector 156, which is the starting position. After the specimen tube is scanned on the guide roller 154, the telescopic shaft of the adjustment cylinder 161 is extended to drive the bottom of the push rod 162 to rotate downward, thereby driving the top of the push rod 162 to rotate toward the direction close to the adjustment box 164. The push rod 162 drives the slider 1661 from the starting position to the direction close to the adjustment box 164 through the slide bar 1662. When it moves to the point where the push block 163 abuts against the specimen tube, the push block 163 pushes the specimen tube to slide toward the direction close to the adjustment box 164, thereby sending the specimen tube to the adjustment box 164.

[0061] Reference Figure 6 The top of the adjustment box 164 is provided with an adjustment slot 1641 along the length direction of the guide rail 167. The adjustment slot 1641 is provided between the two guide rollers 154. The width of the adjustment slot 1641 is not less than the diameter of the specimen tube body and less than the diameter of the tube cap. The opening of the end of the adjustment slot 1641 away from the guide roller 154 is enlarged and larger than the area of the specimen tube cap, so that the specimen tube can fall. The bottom of the adjustment box 164 is provided with a discharge port 1642 at the end corresponding to the enlarged opening of the adjustment slot 1641. The discharge port 1642 is fixedly connected to a guide cylinder 165, and the bottom of the guide cylinder 165 is inclined toward the center thereof.

[0062] When the push rod 162 pushes the slider 1661 to continue sliding until it reaches the guide rail 167 on the adjustment box 164, at this time the specimen tube enters the adjustment slot 1641. Since the width of the adjustment slot 1641 is not less than the body diameter of the specimen tube but less than the cap diameter, no matter whether the specimen tube enters the adjustment slot 1641 with the body first or the cap first, the body of the specimen tube will pass through the adjustment slot 1641, while the cap will be clamped above the adjustment slot 1641. At this time, the attitude of the specimen tube is unified, that is, the cap is on the top. At this time, the slider 1661 continues to push the specimen tube, and the specimen tube vertically slides down from the opening at the tail of the adjustment slot 1641 and slides down along the inner wall of the guide tube 165 into the commutation and emission mechanism 17.

[0063] Refer to Figure 5 , when the push block 163 pushes the specimen tube into the guide tube 165, the position of the slider 1661 is the end position at this time. Brackets 168 are fixedly connected to both the feeding box 12 and the adjustment box 164. Stroke limiters 169 are installed on the two brackets 168 corresponding to the start position and the end position. The stroke limiters 169 are located above the slider 1661. Both stroke limiters 169 are electrically connected to the adjustment cylinder 161. When the telescopic shaft of the adjustment cylinder 161 extends to drive the slider 1661 to move from the start position to the end position, it means that the attitude unification and feeding of a specimen tube are completed. At this time, the stroke limiter 169 at the end position records the position of the slider 1661, that is, controls the telescopic rod of the adjustment cylinder 161 to contract, driving the slider 1661 to move in the direction close to the start position. When the slider 1661 is recorded by the stroke limiter 169 at the start position, the adjustment cylinder 161 stops contracting, that is, the reset of the slider 1661 is completed.

[0064] Refer to Figure 2 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7, the commutation launching mechanism 17 includes a launching box 171, a commutation block 172, two driving nozzles 173 and a launching tube 174. The launching box 171 is bolted to the support frame 13 through a second connecting plate 132. The launching box 171 is located below the material guiding cylinder 165. The length direction of the launching box 171 is horizontally arranged. A blanking port 1711 is opened on the top surface of the launching box 171 corresponding to the opening below the material guiding cylinder 165. The commutation block 172 is slidably connected to the inside of the launching box 171. A fixing groove 1721 is vertically opened in the commutation block 172. When the slider 1661 moves to align the fixing groove 1721 with the blanking port 1711, the specimen tube slides from the material guiding cylinder 165 into the fixing groove 1721. Both ends of the fixing groove 1721 are open. Blowing ports 1712 are opened at both ends of the launching box 171. The two driving nozzles 173 are respectively installed in the two blowing ports 1712. The two driving nozzles 173 are communicated with an air compressor 5 through pipelines. The air compressor 5 provides compressed air to it, so as to push the commutation block 172 to slide back and forth in the launching box 171. The launching tube 174 is bolted to the top of the launching box 171 and extends out from the top surface of the launching box body 11. A launching hole 1713 is opened in the launching box 171 corresponding to the launching tube 174. An air supply hole 1714 is opened at the bottom of the launching box 171 corresponding to the launching hole 1713, and the diameter of the air supply hole 1714 is smaller than the diameter of the body of the specimen tube. The air supply hole 1714 is communicated with the air compressor 5 through a pipeline. The air compressor 5 provides compressed air to it.

[0065] Control the driving nozzle 173 at the end of the launching box 171 far from the material guiding cylinder 165 to open, send compressed air into the launching box 171, and push the commutation block 172 to move in the direction close to the material guiding cylinder 165. When it moves to align the fixing groove 1721 with the blanking port 1711, the specimen tube in the material guiding cylinder 165 falls into the fixing groove 1721. At this time, the driving nozzle 173 far from the material guiding cylinder 165 is closed, and the driving nozzle 173 close to the material guiding cylinder 165 is opened. The fed compressed air pushes the commutation block 172 to move in the direction close to the launching tube 174. When it moves to align the fixing groove 1721 with the launching hole 1713 and the air supply hole 1714, at this time, compressed air is fed into the pipeline below the air supply hole 1714, and the specimen tube is blown into the launching tube 174 with the tube cap in the front posture. At this time, the commutation of the specimen tube is completed, and its posture is adjusted to the posture with the tube cap in the front.

[0066] The implementation principle of Embodiment 1 of this application is as follows: The specimen tube is put into the feeding box 12 from the feeding port 111 and slides to the bottom of the material sorting mechanism 14. The material sorting mechanism 14 arranges its posture to make it in a horizontal state, and lifts the specimen tubes one by one to the fixed plate 141 at the top. The specimen tube slides along the inclined top surface of the fixed plate 141 to between the two guide rollers 154. At this time, the infrared detector 156 recognizes the specimen tube and controls the turning motor 155 to start. The turning motor 155 drives one guide roller 154 to rotate through a belt, and the guide roller 154 drives the specimen tube to turn. During the rotation, when the barcode on the specimen tube aligns with the barcode scanner 153 below, the barcode scanner 153 scans it to record the information of the specimen tube.

[0067] After the specimen tube is scanned on the guide roller 154, the telescopic shaft of the adjustment cylinder 161 extends to drive the bottom of the push rod 162 to rotate downward, thereby driving the top of the push rod 162 to rotate towards the adjustment box 164. The push rod 162 drives the slider 1661 to move from the starting position towards the adjustment box 164 through the slide rod 1662, thereby driving the push block 163 to push the specimen tube onto the adjustment box 164. Since the width of the adjustment slot 1641 is not less than the body diameter of the specimen tube but less than the cap diameter, no matter whether the specimen tube enters the adjustment slot 1641 with the body first or the cap first, the body of the specimen tube will pass through the adjustment slot 1641, and the cap will be clamped above the adjustment slot 1641. At this time, the posture of the specimen tube is unified, that is, in the posture with the cap on top. At this time, the slider 1661 continues to push the specimen tube, and the specimen tube vertically slides down from the opening at the tail of the adjustment slot 1641.

[0068] The driving nozzle 173 at the end of the emission box 171 far from the guide cylinder 165 is controlled to open, compressed air is sent into the emission box 171, and the reversing block 172 is pushed to move towards the guide cylinder 165. When it moves to the position where the fixed slot 1721 aligns with the material dropping port 1711, the specimen tube in the guide cylinder 165 falls into the fixed slot 1721. At this time, the driving nozzle 173 far from the guide cylinder 165 is closed, and the driving nozzle 173 close to the guide cylinder 165 is opened. The compressed air sent in pushes the reversing block 172 to move towards the emission tube 174. When it moves to the position where the fixed slot 1721 aligns with the emission hole 1713 and the air supply hole 1714, compressed air is sent into the pipeline below the air supply hole 1714 at this time, and the specimen tube is blown into the emission tube 174 in the posture with the cap first. At this time, the commutation of the specimen tube is completed, and its posture is adjusted to the posture with the cap first. Embodiment 2

[0069] Embodiment 2 of this application discloses a pneumatic transmission system applying a medical specimen pneumatic emission device.

[0070] Refer to Figure 7, A pneumatic transmission system using a medical specimen pneumatic emission device includes a specimen emission device 1, a specimen receiving device 2, a transmission pipeline 3, and an air compressor 5. The specimen tube is inserted into the specimen emission device 1 and transmitted through the transmission pipeline 3 to the specimen receiving device 2. During this process, the air compressor 5 provides compressed air for the entire system. After the specimen tube reaches the specimen receiving device 2, the inspection personnel can directly take out the specimen tube for inspection; or connect the specimen receiving device 2 to the existing specimen automatic processing equipment in the hospital. After the specimen tube arrives, it can directly enter the next-level processing equipment without manual intervention, realizing automatic and integrated transmission and processing of specimens and improving medical efficiency.

[0071] The emission tube 174 of the specimen emission device 1 is connected to the transmission pipeline 3. The specimen tube enters the transmission pipeline 3 through the emission tube 174 and is transmitted in the posture with the tube cap in front, thus ensuring the stability of the connection between the tube cap and the tube body, improving the safety of specimen transmission. At the same time, since the specimen tubes have the same posture in the transmission pipeline 3, with the tube cap in front, it ensures the stability of the air pressure in the transmission pipeline 3 and improves the stability of specimen transmission.

[0072] Refer to Figure 8 、 Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown in FIGS. and, the specimen receiving device 2 includes a receiving box body 21. A touch screen is provided at the top of the receiving box body 21. A material taking port 211 is opened on the front surface of the receiving box body 21. A material taking door 212 is hinged at the material taking port 211. A receiving bin 22 is arranged inside the receiving box body 21 for receiving specimen tubes. A receiving tube 23 is connected to the top of the receiving box body 21 by bolts. A buffer tube 24 is connected to the bottom of the receiving tube 23. The buffer tube 24 is connected to the air compressor 5 through a pipeline. The bottom of the buffer tube 24 is connected to the receiving bin 22 through a guide tube 25. After the specimen tube comes out of the specimen emission device 1, it is transmitted through the transmission pipeline 3 into the receiving tube 23. At this time, the air compressor 5 sends compressed air into the receiving tube 23 through the buffer tube 24 to buffer the falling specimen tube, so as to reduce the falling speed of the specimen tube and make the specimen tube slowly enter the guide tube 25 and finally fall into the receiving bin 22. Open the material taking door 212 to take out the specimen tube. In addition, to identify whether the specimen tube has arrived and facilitate the statistics of the specimen tubes, a group of infrared sensors 26 are installed at the bottom end inside the receiving tube 23. A group includes two infrared sensors 26. The two infrared sensors 26 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the plane where the axis of the receiving tube 23 is located, and jointly identify and count the falling specimen tubes. Embodiment 3

[0073] The difference from Embodiment 2 is that, refer to Figure 11 、 Figure 12 and Figure 13, there are multiple transmission pipelines 3, that is, the following three situations exist: First, there are multiple specimen receiving devices 2 in the same system; Second, there are multiple specimen transmitting devices 1 in the same system; Third, there are multiple specimen transmitting devices 1 and multiple specimen receiving devices 2 in the same system. For multiple transmission pipelines 3, the system is also provided with a converter 4, and the converter 4 includes a sending converter 41 and a receiving converter 42, which are used to switch different transmission paths.

[0074] Specifically, it includes the following three situations: First, referring to Figure 11 , there is one specimen transmitting device 1 and multiple specimen receiving devices 2 in the same system. At this time, the receiving converter 42 is selected for the system. The receiving converter 42 is used to divide the transmission path into two, that is, the specimen tube emitted from the specimen transmitting device 1 is transported through the transmission pipeline 3 to the first receiving converter 42. At this time, after being shunted by the receiving converter 42, it is respectively transmitted into two transmission pipelines 3. One is transported into the first specimen receiving device 2, and the other continues to be transported and transmitted into the second receiving converter 42. Then, after being shunted by the second receiving converter 42, it is divided into two transmission paths of transporting into the second specimen receiving device 2 and transporting into the third receiving converter 42... and so on, continuously switching until it is transported into the specimen receiving device 2 that needs to be delivered. The number of receiving converters 42 can be determined according to the number of specimen receiving devices 2, and the number of receiving converters 42 is always one less than the number of specimen receiving devices 2.

[0075] Second, referring to Figure 12 , there is one specimen receiving device 2 and multiple specimen transmitting devices 1 in the same system. At this time, the sending converter 41 is selected for the system. The sending converter 41 is used to combine the transmission paths into one, that is, the specimen tubes emitted from the first and second specimen transmitting devices 1 respectively enter two different transmission pipelines 3. Both transmission pipelines 3 are connected to the first sending converter 41. The specimen tubes transported by the two transmission pipelines 3 are aggregated together through the first sending converter 41 and output from the same transmission pipeline 3, and then enter the second sending converter 41. The specimen tube emitted from the third specimen transmitting device 1 also enters the second sending converter 41 through the transmission pipeline 3. The second sending converter 41 aggregates again and transports it into the third sending converter 41... and so on, continuously aggregating until all the specimen tubes emitted from the specimen transmitting devices 1 are transported into the specimen receiving device 2. The number of sending converters 41 can be determined according to the number of specimen transmitting devices 1, and the number of sending converters 41 is always one less than the number of specimen transmitting devices 1.

[0076] Third, referring to Figure 13, multiple specimen emission devices 1 and multiple specimen receiving devices 2 are set in the same system. At this time, the system selects a sending converter 41 and a receiving converter 42. Through the sending converter 41, the transmission paths of multiple specimen emission devices 1 are gradually aggregated into the last sending converter 41, and then gradually branched through multiple receiving converters 42, so as to convey the specimens to the corresponding specimen receiving devices 2.

[0077] During the transmission of specimens, only one specimen emission device 1 is allowed to be in the operating state at the same time, while the remaining specimen emission devices 1 are all in the waiting state to ensure the stable operation of the transmission system and the orderly transmission of specimens. In addition, the selection of the transmission path is determined according to the specimen receiving device 2 to which it needs to be conveyed. The barcode scanner 153 is electrically connected to the switching cylinder 414 of the receiving converter 42 and is used to control the switching block 416 to connect different transmission paths. After the barcode scanner 153 scans the barcode on the specimen tube in real time, the information of the specimen tube is synchronously uploaded to the system, and then compared with the specimen categories built in the system or provided by the hospital HIS system, so as to complete the discrimination of the specimen tube category, automatically judge the specimen receiving device 2 that needs to be reached according to different categories, automatically select the intermediate transmission path accordingly, and then convey it according to the selected transmission path, and finally convey it to the corresponding specimen receiving device 2 for specimen inspection.

[0078] Refer to Figure 14 , the sending converter 41 includes a box body 411. Inside the box body 411, a switching cylinder 414, a guide box 415 and a switching block 416 are provided. Two feed holes 412 are opened at one end of the box body 411, and one discharge hole 413 is opened at the other end. The guide box 415 is fixedly connected inside the box body 411. Both ends of the guide box 415 are opened corresponding to the feed holes 412 and the discharge hole 413 of the box body 411 and are connected by pipelines. The switching block 416 is slidably connected inside the guide box 415, and the switching cylinder 414 is used to drive the switching block 416 to slide. A total of two communication channels 417 are opened in the switching block 416, which are respectively used to connect the discharge hole 413 with the two feed holes 412, so as to complete the aggregation of the specimen tubes transmitted through the two transmission channels.

[0079] Refer to Figure 11 and Figure 14 , the structure of the receiving converter 42 is similar to that of the sending converter 41, which will not be elaborated here. The only difference is that the feed hole 412 of the receiving converter 42 is set to one, and the discharge hole 413 is set to two. According to the setting of the system transmission path, the switching block 416 slides to switch different communication channels 417 to complete the conveyance of different types of specimen tubes and transmit them into the corresponding specimen receiving device 2. Embodiment 4

[0080] The difference from Embodiment 2 is that, refer toFigure 15 In this case, three sets of infrared sensors 26 are provided in the receiving tube 23 of the specimen receiving device 2. The first set is located at the bottom inside the receiving tube 23, the second set is above the first set, and the interval between the second set and the first set is the length of a single specimen tube. The third set is above the second set, and the interval between the third set and the second set is less than the length of a single specimen tube. By setting the three sets of infrared sensors 26, the number of specimen tubes arriving can be accurately identified, avoiding the situation where multiple specimen tubes are wrongly identified as one specimen tube due to the head-to-tail contact of multiple specimen tubes.

[0081] The specific judgment situations are as follows: When the first set and the second set of infrared sensors 26 simultaneously detect signals while the third set of infrared sensors 26 does not detect signals, the system identifies that one specimen tube has arrived; When all three sets of infrared sensors 26 simultaneously detect signals, the system will make judgments according to the following several logics: Within the first unit time range, all three sets of infrared sensors 26 are triggered and then disappear, and the system identifies that two specimen tubes have arrived; Within the first unit time range, all three sets of infrared sensors 26 are triggered and do not disappear, and the system identifies that three specimen tubes have arrived; Within the second unit time range, all three sets of infrared sensors 26 are triggered and then disappear, and the system identifies that four specimen tubes have arrived; Within the second unit time range, all three sets of infrared sensors 26 are triggered and do not disappear, and the system identifies that five specimen tubes have arrived... The system can set the length of the unit time according to the number of specimen tubes continuously emitted by the specimen emitting device 1, and at the same time increase the number of unit times for judgment, so as to more accurately judge the number of specimen tubes arriving at the specimen receiving device 2, avoid misjudgment due to the head-to-tail contact of specimen tubes, and ensure the stable operation of the transmission system.

[0082] In this embodiment, the pneumatic transmission system is set to continuously send at most five specimen tubes. After the first set of infrared sensors 26 detect the first specimen tube, the specimen emitting device 1 will start sending the sixth specimen tube. Therefore, when there is a phenomenon of consecutive arrival of specimen tubes at the specimen receiving device 2, there are at most five specimen tubes. And at this time, only the judgment conditions for two different unit times need to be set.

[0083] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application. The protection scope of this application is not limited accordingly. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be covered within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A pneumatic transmission system applying a medical specimen pneumatic emission device, comprising a specimen emission device (1), a specimen receiving device (2), a transmission pipeline (3) and an air compressor (5), wherein the air compressor (5) is used for providing compressed air to the whole system, and is characterized in that: It includes a launching box body (11). A feeding port (111) is provided at the top of the launching box body (11). A material arranging mechanism (14) is arranged inside the launching box body (11). The material arranging mechanism (14) is set as a lifting structure of a push plate (142). The material arranging mechanism (14) is used to lift the specimen tube horizontally one by one. A regulating box (164) and a push block (163) are arranged on the back of the material arranging mechanism (14). An adjusting groove (1641) is provided on the top surface of the regulating box (164). The width of the adjusting groove (1641) is smaller than the diameter of the tube cap of the specimen tube and not smaller than the diameter of the tube body. The opening at the end of the adjusting groove (1641) away from the material arranging mechanism (14) is enlarged and larger than the area of the tube cap of the specimen tube. The push block (163) slides on the top surface of the regulating box (164) along the direction in which the adjusting groove (1641) is opened. The push block (163) is used to push the specimen tube. A reversing launching mechanism (17) is arranged below the enlarged opening end of the adjusting groove (1641). The reversing launching mechanism (17) is used to launch the specimen tube with the tube cap in the front. The specimen receiving device (2) includes a receiving box body (21). A material taking port (211) is provided on the receiving box body (21). A receiving tube (23) is arranged on the receiving box body (21). The receiving tube (23) is communicated with a transmission pipeline (3). The air compressor (5) can send compressed air to the bottom of the receiving tube (23) through a pipeline. Three groups of infrared sensors (26) are arranged along the axial direction of the receiving tube (23). The three groups of infrared sensors (26) are sequentially set as the first group, the second group and the third group from bottom to top. The interval between the first group and the second group is the length of a single specimen tube. The interval between the second group and the third group is smaller than the length of a single specimen tube. The three groups of infrared sensors (26) judge the number of specimen tubes reaching by triggering recognition and the time when the recognition disappears.

2. The pneumatic transmission system applying the medical specimen pneumatic launching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide rail (167) is connected to the regulating box (164) by bolts. The guide rail (167) is parallel to the direction in which the adjusting groove (1641) is opened. A slider (1661) is slidably connected to the guide rail (167). The push block (163) is arranged on the slider (1661). An adjusting cylinder (161) and a push rod (162) are further arranged on the back of the material arranging mechanism (14). The push rod (162) is L-shaped. The bent part of the push rod (162) is rotatably connected inside the launching box body (11). The telescopic shaft of the adjusting cylinder (161) is hinged to one end of the push rod (162). A limiting groove (1621) is opened along the length direction of the other end of the push rod (162). A sliding rod (1662) is arranged on the slider (1661). The sliding rod (1662) is slidably connected in the limiting groove (1621).

3. The pneumatic transmission system applying a medical specimen pneumatic launching device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A support base (151) is provided on the back of the stock arranging mechanism (14). The support base (151) is fixedly connected inside the launching box body (11). The top surface of the support base (151) is lower than the top surface of the stock arranging mechanism (14). An installation groove (152) is formed on the top surface of the support base (151). A barcode scanner (153) is arranged in the installation groove (152). The adjustment box (164) is located at one end of the support base (151). The guide rail (167) is installed on the support base (151) and the adjustment box (164).

4. A pneumatic transmission system using a medical specimen pneumatic emission device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two material guiding rollers (154) are rotatably connected to the support base (151). The height of the material guiding rollers (154) is lower than the top surface of the stock arranging mechanism (14). The interval between the two material guiding rollers (154) is smaller than the diameter of the specimen tube body and the interval is directly opposite to the adjustment groove (1641). The axial direction of the material guiding rollers (154) is parallel to the opening direction of the adjustment groove (1641). A turning motor (155) is arranged inside the launching box body (11). The turning motor (155) drives one of the material guiding rollers (154) to rotate through a belt.

5. The pneumatic transmission system using the medical specimen pneumatic launching device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The commutation launching mechanism (17) includes a launching box (171). A commutation block (172) is slidably connected inside the launching box (171). A fixing groove (1721) is vertically formed on the commutation block (172). An outlet (1642) is formed at the bottom of the adjustment box (164). A material guiding cylinder (165) is arranged at the outlet (1642). A blanking port (1711) is formed at the top of the launching box (171). The blanking port (1711) is aligned with the bottom opening of the material guiding cylinder (165). A launching tube (174) is arranged at the top of the launching box (171). A launching hole (1713) corresponding to the launching tube (174) is formed at the top of the launching box (171). An air supply hole (1714) corresponding to the launching hole (1713) is formed at the bottom of the launching box (171). Compressed air is introduced into the air supply hole (1714).

6. The pneumatic transmission system using the medical specimen pneumatic emission device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Blowing ports (1712) are formed at both ends of the launching box (171). Driving nozzles (173) are installed in the two blowing ports (1712). Compressed air is introduced into the driving nozzles (173).

7. A pneumatic transmission system using a medical specimen pneumatic launching device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The air supply hole (1714) is communicated with an air compressor (5) through a pipeline. The driving nozzle (173) is communicated with the air compressor (5) through a pipeline. The launching tube (174) of the specimen launching device (1) is communicated with the specimen receiving device (2) through a transmission pipeline (3).

8. A pneumatic transmission system using a medical specimen pneumatic emission device according to claim 3, characterized in that: It further includes a converter (4), and the converter (4) includes a transmitting converter (41) and a receiving converter (42). When the specimen transmitting device (1) is set to one and the specimen receiving devices (2) are set to multiple, the converter (4) selects the receiving converter (42), and the receiving converter (42) is used to divide the transmission path of the specimen tube emitted by the specimen transmitting device (1) into two for transmission; when the specimen receiving device (2) is set to one and the specimen transmitting devices (1) are set to multiple, the converter (4) selects the transmitting converter (41), and the transmitting converter (41) is used to aggregate the specimen tubes transmitted by two transmission paths into one transmission path for transmission; when both the specimen transmitting device (1) and the specimen receiving device (2) are set to multiple, the converter (4) selects the transmitting converter (41) and the receiving converter (42).

9. The pneumatic transmission system using a medical specimen pneumatic emission device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The receiving converter (42) includes a box body (411). One end of the box body (411) is provided with a feed hole (412), and the other end is provided with two discharge holes (413). A switching cylinder (414) and a switching block (416) are arranged in the box body (411). A total of two communication channels (417) are opened in the switching block (416) for respectively communicating the feed hole (412) with the two discharge holes (413). The switching cylinder (414) is used to drive the switching block (416) to slide, and the switching cylinder (414) is electrically connected to the barcode scanner (153).

Images