Cold-resistant functional organic water-soluble fertilizer for preventing and controlling low-temperature cold damage of big peaches and improving quality of big peaches and application of cold-resistant functional organic water-soluble fertilizer

Abstract

The invention discloses a cold-resistant functional organic water-soluble fertilizer for preventing and controlling low-temperature cold damage of big peaches and improving the quality of the big peaches and application of the cold-resistant functional organic water-soluble fertilizer. The organic water-soluble fertilizer provided by the invention is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 62 to 70 percent of trehalose, 20 to 31 percent of calcium glycinate, 0.7 to 5 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 0.7 to 3 percent of boric acid, 0.7 to 4 percent of citric acid and the balance of water. According to the organic water-soluble fertilizer provided by the invention, the components are easy to absorb and can generate a synergistic effect, a carbon source, an energy source, biological stimulation active substances and beneficial nutrient elements are provided at the same time, photosynthesis and carbohydrate accumulation are effectively enhanced, and the nutrition and flavor quality of big peaches are also improved while the cold resistance of the peach trees is improved; meanwhile, the water-soluble fertilizer is simple in preparation process, convenient to use, labor-saving, economical, efficient, green and environment-friendly, adverse effects of late spring coldness events on production of the Pinggu big peaches can be effectively prevented and controlled, the cold-proof effect of the peach trees and the quality improvement effect of the big peaches are remarkable, and the product and the technology can be popularized and used in orchards in regions where late spring coldness frequently occurs in the north.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fruit tree cultivation, and specifically relates to a cold-resistant functional organic water-soluble fertilizer for preventing and controlling low-temperature chilling damage and improving the quality of large peaches and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] The fertile potassium-rich volcanic rocks in Pinggu District, Beijing, and 450 million cubic meters of high-quality, pollution-free groundwater resources have made Pinggu Big Peach have the reputation of "Royal Tribute Peaches" since the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In 2006, it was approved as a geographical indication product protection for "Pinggu Big Peach" by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine, and was included in the Chinese Agricultural Brand Catalogue in 2019.

[0003] However, over the years, the recurring cold weather at the turn of spring and summer has caused a sudden drop in temperature, which has caused the peach orchards of 147 square kilometers in Pinggu to be affected by varying degrees of cold damage, resulting in stagnation of growth and frostbite of leaves and branches of large peaches. In particular, the sudden drop in temperature before the flowering period and the young fruit period of peach trees often leads to large-scale flower and fruit drop problems. According to survey and visit data, the production reduction of large peaches caused by the cold weather in some years is as high as 30%-50%, and the agricultural economic losses are huge. The cold weather in late spring not only affects the development of the peach trees in Pinggu, limiting the increase in the production of large peaches, but also greatly affects the output of large peach commercial fruits and fine fruits, damaging the reputation of Pinggu large peaches as high-quality fruits. It is crucial to treat peach trees with cold and frost resistance before and after the low temperature cold wave to protect the flowers and fruits of Pinggu large peaches and increase the production and harvest of the fruit industry. However, there are no special research reports on the prevention and control of cold damage before the flowering period and the young fruit period of Pinggu large peaches.

[0004] The most commonly used methods for fruit trees to resist cold are: whitewashing the tree with antifreeze, soiling the base of peach trees, covering the whole tree with film and straw mats, burning and smoking straw piles, covering the ground with straw between fruit trees, irrigation, organic fertilizers, nutritional supplements, foliar spraying, water and fertilizer management, etc. The existing cold resistance methods for peaches mainly focus on cultivation methods and the application of basal fertilizers containing humic acid and mineral elements, but these measures require a lot of manpower, are time-consuming and labor-intensive, and cannot be implemented quickly to protect the fruit trees when the temperature drops sharply in late spring.

[0005] The research and development of fruit tree fertilizer products involves slow-release fertilizers, organic fertilizers, water-soluble fertilizers, and package fertilizers. Existing product development goals mainly revolve around "improving photosynthesis, promoting growth, increasing fruit, improving quality, reducing weight, increasing efficiency, and preventing diseases." Only a few fertilizer products focus on water-soluble fertilizers with cold-resistant functions for fruit trees, and most of them are chemical regulators, which pose a risk of pesticide residues. In addition, the research and development of fertilizers for improving the quality of fruit trees and fruits involves the nutrients of nitrogen, potassium, calcium, iron, and zinc. There is also the problem that most products contain chemical regulator ingredients, and the product development goals are mainly focused on increasing commercial fruit and increasing sugar and storage resistance, with a single function. Therefore, the development of green organic water-soluble fertilizer products with both cold-resistant and quality-improving functions is currently a very urgent need. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cold-resistant functional organic water-soluble fertilizer for preventing and controlling low-temperature chilling damage and improving the quality of large peaches and its application. The organic water-soluble fertilizer is applied to Pinggu large peaches before flowering and during the young fruit stage, which can reduce the adverse effects of late spring cold and low-temperature chilling damage and significantly improve the nutritional and flavor quality of large peaches.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: In a first aspect, the present invention provides an organic water-soluble fertilizer, which comprises the following components, by mass fraction: 62%-70% trehalose, 20%-31% calcium glycinate, 0.7%-5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.7%-3% boric acid, 0.7%-4% citric acid, and the balance being water.

[0008] The effective components of the organic water-soluble fertilizer provided by the present invention include two parts, one part is composed of trehalose and calcium glycinate as the main cold-resistant components; the other part is composed of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, boric acid and citric acid as auxiliary components of the main cold-resistant components. Specifically, the functional characteristics of each component are as follows: Trehalose is a relatively stable non-reducing disaccharide that can provide plants with sufficient carbon sources and energy, and effectively enhance the plant's ability to resist cold. Calcium is both an element of resistance and a quality element. Compared with the traditional cold-resistant ingredient calcium chloride, amino acid calcium can significantly promote the absorption and utilization of calcium by plants, and better play the cold-resistant and quality-improving effects of calcium fertilizers. The combination of trehalose and calcium glycine can provide peach tree branches and leaves with sufficient resistance and growth power.

[0009] Potassium dihydrogen phosphate is the most common cold-resistant active ingredient in crop cold-resistant agents. For example, CN110734326 discloses a cold-resistant antifreeze solution containing potassium dihydrogen phosphate, which can effectively prevent and control cold damage and frostbite of subtropical fruit trees such as longan, lychee, citrus, banana and loquat. Boric acid and citric acid are also potential active ingredients of crop cold-resistant agents. For example, CN101391919A discloses a cold-resistant foliar fertilizer containing borax and citric acid, which can effectively enhance the cold resistance of kiwifruit and increase kiwifruit yield. In addition, calcium and boron are key functional nutrients. Applying them in appropriate doses and methods can help fruit trees preserve flowers and fruits and improve fruit quality.

[0010] Although the above-mentioned active ingredients are all commonly used components of agricultural fertilizers, there is no case of their combined use in the prior art, and no technical inspiration for their combined use is given. Based on their respective characteristics, and based on a comprehensive analysis of the nutritional requirements of peaches, cultivation and management requirements, and the efficacy of the main organic and inorganic components, the present invention couples functional organic substances such as trehalose, amino acids, and citric acid with key nutrient elements such as phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and boron in an appropriate manner, adjusts the proportion of each component, and prepares a cold-resistant functional organic water-soluble fertilizer formula for peaches that has both cold-resistant and quality-improving functions. This is a useful exploration of green ecological cold-resistant and quality-improving functional organic water-soluble fertilizers.

[0011] Preferably, the organic water-soluble fertilizer comprises the following components by mass fraction: 62%-70% trehalose, 22%-27% calcium glycinate, 0.7%-5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 2%-3% boric acid, 0.7%-4% citric acid, and the balance is water.

[0012] In the present invention, the organic water-soluble fertilizer includes a surfactant; the mass fraction of the surfactant in the organic water-soluble fertilizer is 0.1%-0.36%, further 0.15-0.36%. Preferably, the surfactant is Tween 80.

[0013] In the present invention, the organic water-soluble fertilizer is in the form of an aqueous solution, a powder, a granule, or the like.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned organic water-soluble fertilizer, comprising the following steps: S1. Add trehalose and calcium glycinate into water and homogenize to obtain a mixed solution A; S2, adding potassium dihydrogen phosphate, boric acid and citric acid into water, and homogenizing to obtain a mixed solution B; S3, mixing the mixed solution A and the mixed solution B, adding a surfactant, and obtaining the organic water-soluble fertilizer.

[0015] In the present invention, the conditions for the homogenization treatment are: a rotation speed of 7000-12000 rpm and a time of 20-30 min.

[0016] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a method for improving the cold resistance of peach trees and enhancing the quality of large peaches, comprising the following steps: spraying the above-mentioned organic water-soluble fertilizer on the peach trees.

[0017] In the present invention, the spraying operation requirements are as follows: Spraying time: 3-5 days before the cold wave; Spraying frequency: 5-8 days between two sprayings; Spraying amount: dilute the organic water-soluble fertilizer to 500-1500 times of the original volume, spray 2-3 times, depending on the size of the tree, spray all directions of the tree once until droplets begin to form and stop.

[0018] In the present invention, the peach tree is a peach tree before flowering and / or a peach tree in young fruit stage.

[0019] In the present invention, the big peach is Pinggu big peach.

[0020] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides the use of the above-mentioned organic water-soluble fertilizer in any of the following aspects: (1) Application in cold protection of peach trees; (2) Application in cold resistance of peach trees; (3) Application in peach tree cold damage recovery; (4) Application in increasing the soluble sugar content of peach fruit; (5) Application in improving the sugar-acid ratio of peach fruit; (6) Application in increasing the vitamin C content of peach fruit.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention couples functional organic substances such as trehalose, amino acids, citric acid, and key nutrients such as phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and boron in an appropriate manner, which is a beneficial exploration of cold-resistant functional organic water-soluble fertilizers. The organic water-soluble fertilizer can provide carbon sources, energy, and mineral nutrition at the same time, effectively improve the utilization of light energy of peach leaves under low temperature and cold damage environments, greatly enhance the cold resistance of peach trees, and reduce the adverse effects of low temperature and cold damage on peach tree flower and fruit setting; moreover, the coordinated application of organic active substances and large, medium, and trace functional mineral nutrients is also particularly suitable for the nutritional needs of peach trees in the pre-flowering and young fruiting stages under low temperature and cold damage environments, promotes the accumulation of carbohydrates in peach trees and improves the quality of fruits, greatly increases the soluble sugar, sugar-acid ratio, and Vc content of the produced large peaches, and significantly improves the nutrition and flavor quality of large peaches.

[0022] In addition, the organic water-soluble fertilizer provided by the present invention has the outstanding advantages of wide raw material sources, low cost, stable raw material quality, no banned raw materials, no health risks, green and efficient, and ecological and environmental protection, and is simple to prepare, easy to operate, labor-saving and efficient.

[0023] In summary, the organic water-soluble fertilizer provided by the present invention provides an effective solution for the prevention and control of the low temperature and chilling damage problems that frequently occur to peach trees before flowering and during the young fruit stage in the Pinggu peach producing area. It has high production guidance value and broad market application prospects. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0025] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the following examples are all conventional methods.

[0026] Unless otherwise specified, the reagents, materials, instruments, etc. used in the following examples can be obtained from commercial sources.

[0027] The surfactant used in the following examples is Tween 80.

[0028] Example 1: An organic water-soluble fertilizer for improving the quality of peach trees The composition of the organic water-soluble fertilizer is as follows: by mass fraction, trehalose 62%, calcium glycinate 31%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2%, boric acid 2%, citric acid 2%, Tween (80) 0.2%, and the balance is water.

[0029] The above organic water-soluble fertilizer is prepared according to the following operating steps: S1. Add trehalose and calcium glycinate into water and homogenize at a speed of 7000-12000 rpm for 20-30 min to obtain a mixed solution A; S2, adding potassium dihydrogen phosphate, boric acid and citric acid into water, homogenizing at a speed of 7000-12000 rpm for 20-30 min to obtain a mixed solution B; S3, mixing mixed solution A and mixed solution B, adding Tween 80 to obtain the water-soluble fertilizer.

[0030] Example 2: An organic water-soluble fertilizer for improving the quality of peach trees The composition of the organic water-soluble fertilizer is as follows: by mass fraction, trehalose 66%, calcium glycinate 22%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5%, boric acid 3%, citric acid 3%, Tween (80) 0.3%, and the balance is water.

[0031] The above-mentioned organic water-soluble fertilizer is prepared according to the method described in Example 1.

[0032] Example 3: An organic water-soluble fertilizer for improving the quality of peach trees The composition of the organic water-soluble fertilizer is as follows: by mass fraction, trehalose 70%, calcium glycinate 23%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3%, boric acid 2%, citric acid 0.7%, Tween (80) 0.36%, and the balance is water.

[0033] The above-mentioned organic water-soluble fertilizer is prepared according to the method described in Example 1.

[0034] Example 4: An organic water-soluble fertilizer for improving the quality of peach trees The composition of the organic water-soluble fertilizer is as follows: by mass fraction, trehalose 62%, calcium glycinate 25%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5%, boric acid 3%, citric acid 4%, Tween (80) 0.25%, and the balance is water.

[0035] The above-mentioned organic water-soluble fertilizer is prepared according to the method described in Example 1.

[0036] Example 5: An organic water-soluble fertilizer for improving the quality of peach trees The composition of the organic water-soluble fertilizer is as follows: by mass fraction, trehalose 68%, calcium glycinate 27%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.7%, boric acid 2%, citric acid 1%, Tween (80) 0.15%, and the balance is water.

[0037] The above-mentioned organic water-soluble fertilizer is prepared according to the method described in Example 1.

[0038] Example 6: An organic water-soluble fertilizer for improving the quality of peach trees The composition of the organic water-soluble fertilizer is as follows: by mass fraction, trehalose 70%, calcium glycinate 20%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4%, boric acid 0.7%, citric acid 3%, Tween (80) 0.1%, and the balance is water.

[0039] The above-mentioned organic water-soluble fertilizer is prepared according to the method described in Example 1.

[0040] Comparative example: an organic water-soluble fertilizer for improving the quality of peach trees The difference from the formula of Example 4 is that the dosage of each component is different. The specific composition is as follows: by mass fraction, trehalose 20%, calcium glycinate 60%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3%, boric acid 3%, citric acid 3%, Tween (80) 0.3%, and the balance is water. It is prepared according to the method described in Example 1.

[0041] Application Examples 1. Comparative test of water-soluble fertilizer in Example 4 of the present invention (product after formula optimization), water-soluble fertilizer in comparative example (product without formula optimization) and distilled water (control) In the plantation area of ​​a large Pinggu peach grower, 45 Pinggu peach trees of the same age and growth in the pre-flowering and young fruiting stages were selected and divided into three groups, and marked with a control group (distilled water), an Example 4 treatment group, and a comparative example treatment group by hanging signs.

[0042] 3-5 days before the weather forecast of the cold wave, the above three groups of treatments were respectively applied to the whole peach tree, sprayed once in all directions until droplets began to form, and then sprayed three times continuously, with an interval of 7 days between each two sprayings. The water-soluble fertilizer of Example 4 and the water-soluble fertilizer of the comparative example were diluted to 1000 times of the original volume before spraying.

[0043] During the experiment, a total of 2 cold wave events were recorded.

[0044] Detection method: (1) Within 5 days after the spraying treatment, 30 leaves were selected from the control group, the treatment group of Example 4 and the comparative example treatment group, and the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of the leaves were measured; one mixed sample was prepared from 6 leaves of each treatment group, and a total of 5 leaf mixed samples were prepared to measure the cold resistance physiological indicators.

[0045] During the ripening period of big peaches, 30 big peaches were picked from the control group, the treatment group of Example 4 and the comparative example treatment group, and the fruit nutrition and flavor quality indicators of the big peaches were measured.

[0046] The test results are as follows: (1) Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and cold resistance physiological indicators of peach trees after cold damage The leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD), chlorophyll fluorescence parameters initial fluorescence (Fv), maximum fluorescence (Fm), variable fluorescence (Fo), PSII maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv / Fm), PSII potential activity (Fv / Fo), parameters characterizing light energy absorption, capture, transmission and dissipation ABS / RC, TRo / RC, ETo / RC, DIo / RC), leaf membrane lipid peroxidation index MDA content and conductivity were measured. Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were measured using a Czech handheld chlorophyll fluorometer (PSI Fluor Pen FP110, Czech Republic), where: Fv / Fm = (Fm-Fo) / Fm.

[0047] Chlorophyll is the most abundant pigment in plants and has the function of absorbing light energy and converting it into chemical energy. The fluorescence emitted by the excited state of chlorophyll plays an important role in plant growth and development. Therefore, the determination of chlorophyll content is indicative for the screening of organic water-soluble fertilizers.

[0048] Chlorophyll fluorescence is the main light signal generated by the excited state re-emission of chlorophyll molecules absorbing light quanta. Under normal temperature conditions, most of the fluorescence emitted by leaves comes from chlorophyll a in PSII. The light energy absorbed by chlorophyll in the photosynthetic mechanism has three possible destinations: promoting photosynthesis, heat dissipation, and fluorescence emission, and there is a competitive relationship between the three. Therefore, photosynthesis and heat dissipation can be detected by fluorescence changes. The status of the reaction center can be inferred based on the change in Fo. The increase in Fo indicates that the PSII reaction center is irreversibly inactivated or destroyed. Fv / Fo and Fv / Fm represent the potential maximum photochemical efficiency and maximum photochemical efficiency of the plant PSII reaction center, respectively, and are also important indicators reflecting the cold resistance of plants. The absorption and utilization of light energy by plants is an important basis for their synthesis of organic matter. ABS / RC, TRo / RC, ETo / RC, and DIo / RC represent the absorption, capture, transmission, and dissipation of light energy by plants, respectively, and are particularly critical for evaluating the utilization of light energy by plants. Low temperature stress interferes with the utilization of light energy by plants, and the relief of low temperature stress by cold-resistant water-soluble fertilizers may be related to its improvement of plant light energy utilization. Therefore, the chlorophyll fluorescence series parameters are of great significance for studying the cold-resistant regulation effect and mechanism of the water-soluble fertilizer of the present invention.

[0049] MDA is the final product of membrane lipid peroxidation. The level of MDA reflects the degree of damage to plant cell membranes and can be used to assess the degree of chilling / freezing damage to plants. Relative conductivity is an important indicator of the permeability of the protoplasmic membrane of plant tissue cells. Using relative conductivity to characterize changes in the permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane of plants under low temperature stress is a relatively stable and reliable method for identifying the level of plant cold resistance. Under low temperature stress, the integrity of plant cell membranes is destroyed, cell membrane permeability and electrolyte exosmosis increase, and relative conductivity increases. Therefore, studying plant leaf MDA and conductivity is an important means to assist in the screening of organic water-soluble fertilizers.

[0050] Table 1 Effects of spraying in each group on stress resistance physiological indexes of Pinggu peach tree leaves in the pre-flowering and young fruiting stages under low temperature stress

[0051] As can be seen from Table 1, compared with the control group, the SPAD value of peach leaves in the treatment group of Example 4 and the comparative example treatment group increased, indicating that the chlorophyll synthesis of peach leaves was increased; the leaf Fo decreased, indicating that the low temperature stress damage was reduced; Fv, Fv / Fo, and Fv / Fm increased, indicating that the leaf resistance to low temperature and photochemical efficiency were increased; ABS / RC, TRo / RC, and DIo / RC decreased, indicating that the absorption, capture, and dissipation of light energy by the leaves were reduced; ETo / RC increased, indicating that the transmission of light energy by the leaves was increased; the MDA content and electrical conductivity of peach leaves decreased, indicating that the membrane lipid damage of the leaves was reduced.

[0052] Specifically, compared with the control group, the various indicators of the peach trees in the comparative treatment group have improved, but have not yet reached a statistically significant level; compared with the comparative treatment group, the various indicators of the peach trees in the Example 4 treatment group have improved, but have not yet reached a statistically significant level; but compared with the control group, the various indicators of the peach trees in the Example 4 treatment group have improved and reached a statistically significant level. It fully shows that under the condition that the cold-resistant raw material components remain unchanged, it is very necessary to optimize the raw material formula and ratio, which can achieve unexpected technical effects.

[0053] Compared with the control group, the SPAD value and ETo / RC of the peach leaves in the treatment group of Example 4 increased significantly by 16.6% and 49.5%, respectively, Fv, Fv / Fo, and Fv / Fm increased significantly by 11.8%, 76.9%, and 14.5%, respectively, Fo decreased significantly by 36.8%, ABS / RC, TRo / RC, and DIo / RC decreased significantly by 28.6%, 18.2%, and 53.8%, respectively, and MDA content and electrical conductivity decreased significantly by 9.37% and 15.4%, respectively. This shows that spraying the preferred formula of the cold-resistant and quality-improving organic water-soluble fertilizer provided by the present invention before the flowering period of peach trees and during the young fruit period can effectively improve the utilization of light energy, increase chlorophyll synthesis, and reduce low temperature and cold damage.

[0054] (2) Fruit quality indicators of peaches at maturity The peach fruits with different treatments were taken to measure the following quality indicators: sugar content, acidity, soluble sugar content, titratable acid, sugar-acid ratio and Vc content.

[0055] Sugar content, acidity, sugar-acid ratio and Vc content are important indicators for measuring the quality of big peaches. Sugar-acid ratio is an important indicator for measuring the maturity and sweet and sour flavor quality of big peaches. Sugar content, sugar-acid ratio and Vc content are used to evaluate the nutritional and flavor quality of big peaches. High-quality big peaches require a better sugar-acid ratio and higher Vc content. Therefore, the sugar content, acidity, sugar-acid ratio and Vc content of big peach fruits were measured to assist in the screening of cold-resistant organic water-soluble fertilizers that can improve the quality of big peaches.

[0056] Table 2 Effects of spraying in each group on the fruit quality of Pinggu peach under low temperature stress

[0057] As shown in Table 2, compared with the control group, after being treated with the treatment group of Example 4 and the comparative example treatment group, the sugar content, soluble sugar and Vc content of the peach fruit at the harvest period all showed an increasing trend, and the changes in acidity, titratable acid and sugar-acid ratio were not obvious; among them, the sugar content of the peach increased by 1-1.2 units, the soluble sugar increased by 0.61-0.62 units, and the Vc content increased by 5.1-6.1 units, and the increase in the Vc content of the peach reached a statistically significant level; at the same time, the differences in various quality indicators of the peach in the treatment group of Example 4 and the comparative example treatment group did not reach a statistically significant level. It can be seen that the two organic water-soluble fertilizer formula products can improve the sugar content, soluble sugar and Vc content of Pinggu peach fruit, and the Vc index is significantly increased, and the two formula products have the same effect in improving the nutrition and flavor quality of peaches.

[0058] 2. Comparative test with existing water-soluble fertilizer products for quality improvement In order to further verify the quality improvement effect of the water-soluble fertilizer prepared by the present invention, the present invention also selected 15 peach trees, and during the large peach fruit expansion period, used a fertilizer gun to apply the existing special water-soluble fertilizer product for quality improvement into the tree pit soil by rhizosphere injection, and tested the quality indicators of the large peach fruits, and compared them with the test results of the treatment group of Example 4 in Table 2.

[0059] The special water-soluble fertilizer for quality improvement is prepared according to the following operation: 400 g of calcium formate, 500 g of sorbitol and 1 g of salicylic acid are dissolved in 5.5 L of deionized water and mixed to obtain a mixed solution; then 750 g of potassium humate is heated to 55° C. and added to the mixed solution, stirred evenly, and cooled to room temperature to obtain the special water-soluble fertilizer for quality improvement.

[0060] Table 3 Comparison of the fruit quality of Pinggu peaches treated with the treatment group of Example 4 and the special water-soluble fertilizer for quality improvement

[0061] As can be seen from Table 3, there is no significant difference in fruit sugar content, soluble sugar, acidity, sugar-acid ratio and Vc content between the treatment group of Example 4 and the peach treated with the rhizosphere injection of the existing special water-soluble fertilizer for quality improvement; however, the implementation of the existing special water-soluble fertilizer for quality improvement requires a lot of manpower, time and effort, while the water-soluble fertilizer provided by the present invention is easier to operate, saves labor and effort, and can be implemented quickly while ensuring the quality improvement and cold resistance function.

[0062] Although the present invention has been described in detail above with general descriptions and specific embodiments, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that some modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the present invention. Therefore, these modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention all fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. An organic water-soluble fertilizer, comprising the following components by mass fraction: 62%-70% trehalose, 20%-31% calcium glycinate, 0.7%-5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.7%-3% boric acid, 0.7%-4% citric acid, and the balance is water.

2. The organic water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that The organic water-soluble fertilizer includes a surfactant; The mass fraction of the surfactant in the organic water-soluble fertilizer is 0.1%-0.36%.

3. The organic water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The surfactant is Tween 80.

4. The method for preparing the organic water-soluble fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of: S1. Add trehalose and calcium glycinate into water and homogenize to obtain a mixed solution A; S2, adding potassium dihydrogen phosphate, boric acid and citric acid into water, and homogenizing to obtain a mixed solution B; S3, mixing the mixed solution A and the mixed solution B, adding a surfactant, and obtaining the organic water-soluble fertilizer.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The conditions of the homogenization treatment are: a rotation speed of 7000-12000 rpm and a time of 20-30 min.

6. A method for improving the cold resistance of peach trees and enhancing the quality of large peaches, comprising the following steps: spraying the organic water-soluble fertilizer described in any one of claims 1 to 3 on the peach trees.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The spraying operation requirements are as follows: Spraying time: 3-5 days before the cold wave; Spraying frequency: 5-8 days between two sprayings; Spraying amount: dilute the organic water-soluble fertilizer to 500-1500 times of the original volume, spray 2-3 times, spray all directions of the tree once and stop when droplets begin to form.

8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The peach trees are peach trees before flowering and in the young fruit stage.

9. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that: The big peach is Pinggu big peach.

10. Use of the organic water-soluble fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in any of the following aspects: (1) Application in cold protection of peach trees; (2) Application in cold resistance of peach trees; (3) Application in peach tree cold damage recovery; (4) Application in increasing the soluble sugar content of peach fruit; (5) Application in improving the sugar-acid ratio of peach fruit; (6) Application in increasing the vitamin C content of peach fruit.

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