Axial flow ventilation system of tunnel and tunnel system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel ventilation, in particular to an axial flow ventilation system of a tunnel and a tunnel system.The axial flow ventilation system of the tunnel comprises a fan room and a plurality of fans, the fans are arranged in the fan room at intervals, air openings are formed in the fans, the orientation of the air openings is consistent with the axial direction of the fan room, and the axes of the fans coincide. The arrangement mode of the fans is changed from transverse parallel arrangement to longitudinal parallel linear distribution, that is, the axes of the multiple fans are arranged in an overlapped mode, from the perspective of fan arrangement optimization, the section size of the fan room is obviously reduced while the requirement for the parallel supply and exhaust air rate of the fans is met, then the excavation section area is reduced, and the excavation efficiency is improved. And connection with connecting air ducts at the two ends is convenient, the construction procedures are reduced, the safety is higher, and the construction cost is lower. The ventilation open-flow area of the fan room is equal to the open-flow area of the front and back connecting air ducts and the inclined shaft, and enough ventilation efficiency can still be guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel ventilation, and in particular to an axial flow ventilation system of a tunnel and a tunnel system. Background Art

[0002] For extra-long tunnels with a length of more than 5 km, according to the relevant provisions of the ventilation specifications, it is usually necessary to consider the air hygiene indicators in the tunnel, the length of smoke exhaust in the tunnel, etc., and use inclined shafts or vertical shafts to supply and exhaust air in the main tunnel in sections. Therefore, an additional fan room is required. At present, due to many considerations such as geology, topography, ecological environmental protection, and convenience of later maintenance, fan rooms are mostly used.

[0003] The axial flow fans in conventional fan rooms are arranged in parallel horizontally. The layout of the fan room needs to consider factors such as the length of the axial flow fan device, the mutual influence of the maintenance and supply and exhaust air between multiple axial flow fans, the layout requirements of reserved equipment maintenance positions, and the layout height of the maintenance truss and crane beams. In general, the longitudinal length of the fan room needs to meet the requirements of the axial flow fan layout, the width of the fan room needs to meet the requirements of multiple sets of fans, maintenance between fans, and reserved maintenance positions, and the height of the fan room is mainly based on the layout requirements of the fan hoisting truss and hoisting equipment. This will inevitably lead to larger structural dimensions of the fan room arranged in parallel, more complex connection of excavation processes, and the need to further strengthen the lining support parameters. Therefore, the fan room arranged in parallel has high construction risks, high project costs, and more stringent requirements on geological conditions.

[0004] The requirements for the size of the fan room are mainly determined in combination with the installation and maintenance channels of the axial flow fans. The axial flow fan is composed of components such as the motor body, flexible connection, air valve and muffler. The minimum length of the equipment is about 10 to 12 meters, so the length of the axial flow room should be arranged according to 12 meters; in addition, considering the size of the axial flow fan muffler and air valve, and considering the mutual influence of the supply and exhaust air between different fans, which may cause the fan to stall or surge, a certain interval and maintenance channel should be reserved between the fans, and the width of the fan room is about 22 meters; the axial flow fans are arranged in parallel, and when troubleshooting, the corresponding trusses and crane beams need to be used for hoisting and maintenance. Considering the height of the fan device, the installation height of the crane beam is about 8.5 meters, so the fan room needs to consider the layout space of the truss bullhead. At the same time, from the perspective of the structural span and arch height, the overall height of the fan room is about 11 to 12 meters.

[0005] Since the height of the fan room is more than 15m, the horizontal width is about 22m, and the tunnel section excavation volume is close to 330 square meters, the construction sequence needs to adopt the corresponding partial excavation method and strengthen the corresponding temporary support measures. In addition, since holes need to be opened on both sides of the fan room wall to meet the inlet and outlet air supply and exhaust requirements of the jet fan, the lower steel support of the fan room structure needs to be cut off and holes opened, the construction process is complicated, and the risk of the fan room construction period is relatively high. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the technical problems of complicated construction process and high construction cost caused by large cross-sectional size of tunnel fan room in the prior art, and to provide an axial flow ventilation system and tunnel system for the tunnel.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an axial flow ventilation system for a tunnel, comprising a fan room and a plurality of fans, wherein the plurality of fans are arranged at intervals in the fan room, the fans are provided with air outlets, the directions of the air outlets are consistent with the axial direction of the fan room, and the axes of the plurality of fans coincide.

[0008] Here, the length direction of the fan room is defined as the longitudinal direction (i.e., the axial direction), and the width direction of the fan room is defined as the transverse direction; the present application changes the arrangement of the fans from a transverse parallel arrangement to a longitudinal parallel linear distribution, that is, the axes of multiple fans are arranged to coincide with each other. From the perspective of fan arrangement optimization, while ensuring the demand for parallel air supply and exhaust of the fans, the cross-sectional dimensions of the fan room are significantly reduced. For example, the dimensions of the fan room can be adjusted from 22m×17m×12m (width×height×length) to 12m×9m×75m (width×height×length), and its cross-sectional area is significantly reduced, thereby reducing the excavation cross-sectional area, making it more convenient to connect with the connecting air ducts at both ends, reducing the construction process, increasing safety, and reducing the project cost. In addition, the ventilation flow area of ​​the fan room is equivalent to the flow area of ​​the front and rear connecting air ducts and the inclined shaft, and sufficient ventilation efficiency can still be guaranteed.

[0009] Preferably, a partition is provided in the fan room, the fan room includes a first air duct and a second air duct, a partition is provided between the first air duct and the second air duct, a plurality of fans are arranged in the first air duct, a plurality of openings are provided on the partition, the air outlets of the fans include a first air outlet and a second air outlet which are arranged relatively, and the first air outlet and the second air outlet are connected to the second air duct through the plurality of openings respectively.

[0010] A partition is used to separate the fan room into two areas (i.e., the first air duct and the second air duct), and an opening is then set on the partition. The two air outlets on the fan are connected to the second air duct through different openings respectively, so that the wind can flow along the second air duct on both sides of the fan, and the first air duct can only be used as a accommodating space for the fan. There are no obstacles in the second air duct, and no eddy currents will be generated when the wind passes through the second air duct, thereby ensuring a better circulation effect.

[0011] Preferably, the fan room includes a first air duct and a second air duct, a partition is provided between the first air duct and the second air duct, a plurality of fans are arranged in the first air duct, a plurality of openings are opened on the partition, and the fan includes a first air outlet and a second air outlet arranged relatively to each other, the first air outlet is connected to the first air duct, and the second air outlet is connected to the second air duct through the opening.

[0012] A partition is used to separate the fan room into two air guide areas (i.e., the first air duct and the second air duct), and an opening is then set on the partition, and one of the air outlets on the fan is connected to the air guide area on the other side through the opening, so that the wind can flow from the first air duct to the second air duct, or from the second air duct to the first air duct. Since the fan is set in the first air duct and there are no obstacles in the second air duct, the wind will not generate eddy currents when passing through the second air duct, and the circulation effect is better.

[0013] Preferably, the first air outlet is provided with a guide plate.

[0014] When the first air outlet is connected to the first air duct, a guide plate can be arranged at the first air outlet to guide the wind flowing through the first air outlet to the space between one side of the fan and the side wall of the fan room, thereby avoiding mutual influence between multiple fans, protecting the fans and realizing ventilation convergence of multiple fans. Specifically, the guide plate can be in the shape of an arc or a flat plate structure arranged obliquely.

[0015] Preferably, a muffler is provided between the first air outlet and the guide plate.

[0016] Installing a muffler at the air outlet can reduce the noise generated when the fan is running.

[0017] Preferably, a guide channel is connected between the second air outlet and the opening.

[0018] The guide channel can guide the wind flowing through the second air outlet to the opening on the partition and then enter the second air duct, or guide the wind in the second air duct along the opening to the second air outlet, so as to realize the connection between the second air outlet and the second air duct.

[0019] Preferably, the guide channel includes two guide side plates arranged opposite to each other and a guide inclined plate connected between the two guide side plates.

[0020] The structure of the guide channel can be assembled by guide side plates and guide inclined plates, and can also adopt guide channels of other structures, such as arc-shaped guide pipes.

[0021] Preferably, an air valve is provided between the second air outlet and the guide channel.

[0022] The wind direction and on / off status of the fan can be switched by the air valve.

[0023] Preferably, the second air duct is located above the first air duct, a corbel is provided on the side wall of the fan room, and the partition is mounted on the corbel.

[0024] The partition can be installed in the fan room by means of a corbel, and can also be formed in the fan room by integral casting.

[0025] Preferably, the second air duct is connected to the main tunnel; and the distance between a plurality of the fans and the side walls of the fan room is greater than the maximum width of the fans.

[0026] If the first air outlet and the second air outlet are connected to the first air duct and the second air duct respectively, at least one of the first air duct and the second air duct needs to be connected to the main tunnel, and the other needs to be connected to the exhaust inclined shaft to realize the exhaust function of the main tunnel; if the first air outlet and the second air outlet are both connected to the second air duct, the two ends of the second air duct need to be connected to the main tunnel and the exhaust inclined shaft respectively to realize the exhaust function of the main tunnel. In addition, the distance between the fan and the side wall of one side of the fan room is greater than the maximum width of the fan, and a maintenance passage for the fan can be reserved on one side of the fan in the fan room. When the fan needs to be repaired, the fan can be disassembled and pushed out of the fan room along the maintenance passage for maintenance. There is no need to move the fan out of the tunnel by hoisting, which can further reduce the height of the tunnel structure, reduce the cross-sectional area of ​​the tunnel, and greatly reduce the construction risk and the risk of connecting the two end ducts.

[0027] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a tunnel system, comprising a main tunnel and an axial flow ventilation system of the tunnel as described above, wherein the fan room is connected to a side wall of the main tunnel, and the fan room is communicated with the main tunnel.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] The present invention provides an axial flow ventilation system for a tunnel, which changes the arrangement of fans from a horizontal parallel arrangement to a longitudinal parallel linear distribution, that is, makes the axes of multiple fans coincidently arranged, and from the perspective of fan arrangement optimization, while ensuring the demand for parallel air supply and exhaust of fans, the cross-sectional dimensions of the fan room are significantly reduced. For example, the dimensions of the fan room can be adjusted from 22m×17m×12m (width×height×length) to 12m×9m×75m (width×height×length), and its cross-sectional area is significantly reduced, thereby reducing the excavation cross-sectional area, making it more convenient to connect with the connecting air ducts at both ends, reducing the construction process, and having higher safety and lower engineering cost. In addition, the ventilation flow area of ​​the fan room is equivalent to the flow area of ​​the front and rear connecting air ducts and the inclined shaft, and sufficient ventilation efficiency can still be guaranteed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the axial flow ventilation system of the tunnel of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 It is a side sectional view of the axial flow ventilation system of the tunnel of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 It is a top view of the axial flow ventilation system of the tunnel of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Partial schematic diagram at point A in the middle.

[0034] Markings in the figure:

[0035] 1. Fan, 11. First air outlet, 12. Second air outlet, 2. Fan room, 21. First air duct, 22. Second air duct, 23. Initial support, 24. Secondary lining, 25. Leveling backfill layer, 3. Partition, 31. Opening, 4. Guide plate, 5. Muffler, 6. Guide channel, 61. Guide side plate, 62. Guide inclined plate, 7. Air valve, 8. Corbel, 9. Main tunnel, 10. Communication air duct. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, this should not be understood as the scope of the above subject matter of the present invention being limited to the following embodiments, and all technologies realized based on the content of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.

[0037] Unless otherwise specified, in the description of the specific embodiments of the present invention, the terms indicating the orientation or position relationship such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "center", "inside", "outside", etc. are all expressions based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, or are the orientation or position relationship when the invented product / equipment / device is usually used. These terms of orientation or position relationship are only for the convenience of describing the scheme of the present invention or simplifying the description in the specific embodiments, so as to facilitate the technicians to quickly understand the scheme, and do not indicate or imply that a specific device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific position relationship, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0038] In addition, if the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", "parallel" and the like appear, it does not mean that the corresponding devices / components / elements are required to be absolutely horizontal or vertical or overhanging or parallel, but may be slightly tilted or have deviations. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but may be slightly tilted. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding devices / components / elements are set in directions such as "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", "parallel", etc., and can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction setting, more preferably an error / deviation within ±8%, more preferably an error / deviation within ±6%, more preferably an error / deviation within ±5%, and more preferably an error / deviation within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its role in the scheme of the present invention.

[0039] In addition, the expressions “first”, “second”, “third”, etc., which appear in the terms, are merely used to distinguish the description of the same or similar components and should not be understood as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of specific components.

[0040] In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "plurality" and "a number" represent at least 2. It can be any number such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and even more than 9.

[0041] In addition, in the description of the technical solution of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified / defined / restricted, the terms "set", "install", "connect", "connected", "provided with", "laid", and "arranged" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, and can be welding, riveting, bolting, threading, and other commonly used connection means in the field. This connection can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two elements.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] This embodiment provides an axial flow ventilation system for a tunnel.

[0044] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the axial flow ventilation system of the tunnel of the present invention; Figure 2 A side cross-sectional view of an axial flow ventilation system for a tunnel of the present invention; Figure 3 A top view of the axial flow ventilation system of the tunnel of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 2 Partial schematic diagram at point A in the middle.

[0045] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown in , the length direction of the fan room 2 can be defined as the longitudinal direction (ie, the axial direction), and the width direction of the fan room 2 can be defined as the transverse direction.

[0046] The present invention provides an axial flow ventilation system for a tunnel, in which a plurality of fans 1 are arranged longitudinally in a fan room 2 and linearly distributed in parallel along the longitudinal direction, thereby greatly reducing the cross-sectional area of ​​the fan room 2, and is particularly suitable for ventilation projects of extra-long main tunnels 9.

[0047] The axial flow ventilation system of the tunnel includes a fan room 2 and a plurality of fans 1 arranged longitudinally in the fan room 2. The fan room 2 is located in the surrounding rock on one side of the main tunnel 9 and is a concrete tunnel structure, including an initial support 23 and a secondary lining 24, and a leveling backfill layer 25 at the bottom. A partition 3 is horizontally arranged in the fan room 2, and a corbel 8 is arranged on the side wall of the fan room 2, that is, on the upper part of the lateral sides of the secondary lining 24, and both ends of the partition 3 are supported by the corbel 8, that is, the partition 3 is mounted on the corbel 8 for fixed support. The space above the partition 3 in the fan room 2 is the second air duct 22, which is an independent wind bin. The space below the partition 3 in the fan room 2 is the first air duct 21. The fan 1 is installed in the first air duct 21. Specifically, the installation position of the fan 1 in the first air duct 21 can be close to the side wall on one side of the fan room 2. The space between the fan 1 and the farther side wall on the other side of the fan room 2 can be used as the maintenance passage of the fan 1. When the fan 1 needs to be repaired, it can be disassembled and passed through the maintenance passage. There is no need to set up a lifting truss trolley. The height and width of the fan room 2 are greatly reduced, the cross-section is reduced, and the construction risk and the connection risk of the connecting air ducts 10 at both ends are greatly reduced. Specifically, the fan 1 can be in the form of an axial flow fan or other types of fans.

[0048] Of course, in addition to the above-mentioned solution of dividing the fan room 2 by the partition 3, the present invention may also not provide the partition 3, and directly use the entire space in the fan room 2 for ventilation, which can also achieve the effect of tunnel exhaust.

[0049] Multiple fans 1 are arranged longitudinally in the fan room 2, that is, the axes of the multiple fans 1 coincide with each other, and the fans 1 are provided with air outlets, the direction of which is consistent with the axial direction of the fan room 2, thereby ensuring that the wind flows along the length direction of the fan room 2.

[0050] A plurality of openings 31 arranged longitudinally are provided on one side of the partition 3 in a lateral direction. The fan 1 may be provided with a first air outlet 11 and a second air outlet 12. Specifically, the first air outlet 11 may be connected to the first air duct 21, and the second air outlet 12 may be connected to the second air duct 22 through the opening 31 on the partition 3. A guide plate 4 may be provided at the first air outlet 11. One end of the second air duct 22 may be connected to the inclined shaft leading to the surface, and the other end may be connected to the main tunnel 9 through the air supply and exhaust communication channel. The cross-sectional area of ​​the second air duct 22 is the same as that of the air supply and exhaust communication channel, and can be comprehensively determined in combination with the tunnel air supply and exhaust volume and ventilation wind speed requirements.

[0051] Of course, the two ends of the fan 1, that is, the first air outlet 11 and the second air outlet 12 can be connected to the first air duct 21 and the second air duct 22 respectively, or the first air outlet 11 and the second air outlet 12 can be connected to the second air duct 22 at the same time. In this case, the first air duct 21 can only be used as a storage space for the fan 1 without participating in ventilation, but the two ends of the second air duct 22 need to be connected to the main tunnel 9 and the inclined shaft at the same time to ensure that the wind can flow in the second air duct 22. If the first air outlet 11 and the second air outlet 12 are connected to the first air duct 21 and the second air duct 22 respectively, it is necessary to connect the first air duct 21 to the inclined shaft and the second air duct 22 to the main tunnel 9, or connect the first air duct 21 to the main tunnel 9 and the second air duct 22 to the inclined shaft.

[0052] A muffler 5 may be provided between the first air outlet 11 of the fan 1 and the guide plate 4. A guide channel 6 may be provided between the second air outlet 12 of the fan 1 and the opening 31 of the partition plate 3, and a wind valve 7 may be provided between the second air outlet 12 and the guide channel 6, and the wind direction and the open or closed state of the fan 1 may be switched by the wind valve 7. Specifically, the guide channel 6 may include two guide side plates 61 arranged opposite to each other and a guide inclined plate 62 connected between the two guide side plates 61; the shape of the guide side plate 61 may be a triangle or other shapes, and the structure of the guide channel 6 may be assembled by the guide side plate 61 and the guide inclined plate 62, or a guide channel 6 of other structures may be used, such as an arc-shaped guide pipe.

[0053] The guide plate 4 can be an arc-shaped plate, which can be used to guide the airflow of the fan 1 to the maintenance channel of the side fan 1 and the side wall of the fan room 2, so as to avoid mutual influence between the fans 1, protect the fans 1 and realize ventilation convergence of multiple fans 1 at the same time.

[0054] The second air duct 22 may be located above the first air duct 21, a corbel 8 is provided on the side wall of the fan room 2, and the partition 3 is mounted on the corbel 8. The partition 3 may be installed in the fan room 2 through the corbel 8, and may also be formed in the fan room 2 by integral casting.

[0055] In addition, the positional relationship between the first air duct 21 and the second air duct 22 can be determined by the setting method of the partition 3. If the partition 3 is set vertically, the first air duct 21 can be located on one side of the second air duct 22 in the horizontal direction. The present invention does not specifically limit the setting direction of the partition 3.

[0056] Optionally, the second air duct 22 may be connected to the main tunnel 9 ; and the distance between some of the fans 1 and the side walls of the fan room 2 is greater than the maximum width of the fans 1 .

[0057] The distance between the fan 1 and the side wall of the fan room 2 is greater than the maximum width of the fan 1. A maintenance passage for the fan 1 can be reserved on one side of the fan 1 in the fan room 2. When the fan 1 needs maintenance, the fan 1 can be disassembled and pushed out of the fan room 2 along the maintenance passage for maintenance. There is no need to move the fan 1 out of the tunnel by hoisting, which can further reduce the height of the tunnel structure and the cross-sectional area of ​​the tunnel, and greatly reduce the construction risk and the connection risk of the connecting air ducts 10 at both ends.

[0058] It should be noted that Figure 2 and Figure 3 The direction of the arrow in the figure only shows one flow direction of the air in the axial flow ventilation system of the tunnel, that is, it indicates the exhaust state of the axial flow ventilation system of the tunnel. However, in fact, the blowing or exhaust state of the axial flow ventilation system of the tunnel can be switched by controlling the fan 1 to rotate forward or reverse. That is, the flow direction of the air in the axial flow ventilation system of the tunnel is adjustable. The present invention does not limit the specific flow direction of the air in the axial flow ventilation system of the tunnel.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] This embodiment provides a tunnel system, including a main tunnel 9 and the axial flow ventilation system of the tunnel as described in Embodiment 1, wherein a fan room 2 is connected to the side wall of the main tunnel 9 , and the fan room 2 is communicated with the main tunnel 9 .

[0061] The axial flow ventilation system of the tunnel described in this embodiment has the same structure and function as the axial flow ventilation system of the tunnel described in Embodiment 1, and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0062] In working conditions with poor hydrogeological conditions such as mountain tunnels, it is relatively risky to set up a large-section fan room 2. The present invention transforms the parallel-arranged fans 1 into longitudinal distribution, and then changes the parallel-arranged fan room 2 with larger size and space requirements into a standard section, which can reduce the engineering risk and the investment in the fan room 2.

[0063] Based on the above-mentioned axial flow ventilation system of the tunnel, the air of the main tunnel 9 can be led outwards. The specific method may include:

[0064] S1: The fan 1 is running, the air valve 7 is opened, and the air of the main tunnel 9 is introduced into the second air duct 22 in the fan room 2 from the air supply and exhaust communication channel;

[0065] S2: The air introduced into the second air duct 22 from the main tunnel 9 enters the corresponding guide channel 6 from the openings 31 on each partition plate 3, and enters the multiple fans 1 respectively, and is introduced into the maintenance channel of the fan 1 from the guide plates 4 corresponding to each fan 1;

[0066] S3: The air introduced into the maintenance passage of the fan 1 can be discharged from the inclined shaft to the ground surface along the first air duct 21.

[0067] Based on the above tunnel axial flow ventilation system, the surface air can be introduced into the main tunnel 9, which specifically includes:

[0068] S1: Fan 1 is running, and air valve 7 is opened to introduce surface air into the inclined shaft;

[0069] S2: The air introduced into the inclined shaft enters the inspection channel of the fan 1, enters each fan 1 from each guide plate 4, and is introduced into the second air duct 22 through the corresponding guide channel 6 and the opening 31 on the partition 3;

[0070] S3: The air introduced into the second air duct 22 is introduced into the main tunnel 9 from the air supply and exhaust communication channel.

[0071] The following is the construction scheme of the present invention:

[0072] ① The fan room 2 is connected to the main tunnel 9 through the connecting air duct 10. The single-hole connecting air duct 10 and the single-hole fan room 2 are very convenient to connect, and can be constructed according to the conventional construction plan.

[0073] ② Section 2 of the fan room. The lower part of the cross-section of the fan room 2 only needs to have enough space for the installation of the fan 1. According to the size of the fan 1 and its ventilation components, for example, the maximum height is controlled at 4.5m. Then, a 5m space can be reserved under the ventilation partition 3. The upper part of the ventilation partition 3 is calculated according to the area of ​​the connecting air duct 10. If the height is insufficient, the height of the arch can be appropriately increased.

[0074] ③ An inclined plate is provided inside the connection position between the connecting air duct 10 and the fan room 2, so that the airflow of the connecting air duct 10 can be connected to the second air duct 22 (i.e., the arch air duct) of the fan room 2 where the fan 1 is arranged longitudinally;

[0075] ④ Set the position of the fan 1, set the partition 3 in the form of an opening, set the lower part of the inclined plate and the side plate to make the guide channel 6, which is connected to the air valve 7 of the fan 1;

[0076] ⑤ After the airflow passes through the fan 1, it passes through the guide plate 4 at the outlet of the fan 1, and guides the airflow to the side fan 1 maintenance channel to prevent the airflow from directly blowing on the inclined plate air duct in the longitudinal direction, resulting in wind resistance loss.

[0077] The present invention optimizes the height and width of the fan room 2 structure required for the arrangement of the fan 1. Taking the arrangement of three fans 1 in a single fan room 2 as an example:

[0078] 1) The structural dimensions of the fan room 2 have been greatly optimized, with the excavation area of ​​the largest section close to 330m 2 The excavation area was reduced to about 80m 2 The maximum excavation width was reduced from 18m to 12m, and the excavation height was reduced from nearly 17.25m to 10.8m.

[0079] 2) The problem that the initial support 23 of the existing fan room 2 and the lower part of the secondary lining structure need to be cut off or opened during the construction of the connecting air duct 10 is effectively solved. The guide wall and the ventilation partition 3 only need to pre-embed the corresponding steel bars in the fan room 2 structure. The tunnel structure is complete and the construction risk is low.

[0080] 3) Efficiently solve the problems of complex excavation steps for the external ventilation duct of fan room 2, multiple arches, and gradually shrinking or expanding duct structures, cumbersome support and replacement systems, and strict structural safety and deformation control.

[0081] 4) Considering the fan room 2 with three fans 1 at a single location, the fan room 2 arranged in parallel needs to calculate the super-large fan room 2 section, the four-arch air duct on both sides of the fan room 2 and the air duct gradient section, and the total estimated engineering cost is about 15 million yuan. Under the same geological conditions, the fan room 2 is arranged longitudinally, and only the longitudinal length of the fan room 2 needs to be extended, and the ventilation partition 3 and diversion setting are constructed inside, and the estimated structural cost is about 5 million yuan. The project investment saves nearly 10 million yuan.

[0082] 5) In the fan room 2 scheme with parallel-arranged fans 1, the fan 1 needs to be lifted from the workbench by trusses and cranes and transported to the maintenance position by slide rails. The fan 1 arranged vertically can use the side converging air duct to move the fan 1 horizontally for maintenance, which greatly improves the convenience of maintenance.

[0083] In summary, the present invention provides an axial flow ventilation system for a tunnel, which changes the arrangement of fans from a horizontal parallel arrangement to a longitudinal parallel linear distribution, that is, makes the axes of multiple fans coincide with each other. From the perspective of fan arrangement optimization, while ensuring the demand for parallel air supply and exhaust of fans, the cross-sectional dimensions of the fan room are significantly reduced. For example, the dimensions of the fan room can be adjusted from 22m×17m×12m (width×height×length) to 12m×9m×75m (width×height×length), and its cross-sectional area is significantly reduced, thereby reducing the excavation cross-sectional area, making it more convenient to connect with the connecting air ducts at both ends, reducing the construction process, increasing safety, and reducing the project cost. In addition, the ventilation flow area of ​​the fan room is equivalent to the flow area of ​​the front and rear connecting air ducts and the inclined shaft, and sufficient ventilation efficiency can still be guaranteed.

[0084] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An axial flow ventilation system for a tunnel, characterized in that: It comprises a fan room (2) and a plurality of fans (1), wherein the plurality of fans (1) are arranged at intervals in the fan room (2), the fans (1) are provided with air outlets, the direction of the air outlets is consistent with the axial direction of the fan room (2), and the axes of the plurality of fans (1) coincide.

2. The axial flow ventilation system for a tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fan room (2) comprises a first air duct (21) and a second air duct (22); a partition (3) is provided between the first air duct (21) and the second air duct (22); a plurality of fans (1) are arranged in the first air duct (21); a plurality of openings (31) are provided on the partition (3); an air outlet of the fan (1) comprises a first air outlet (11) and a second air outlet (12) which are arranged opposite to each other; the first air outlet (11) and the second air outlet (12) are respectively connected to the second air duct (22) through the plurality of openings (31).

3. The axial flow ventilation system for a tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fan room (2) comprises a first air duct (21) and a second air duct (22); a partition (3) is provided between the first air duct (21) and the second air duct (22); a plurality of fans (1) are arranged in the first air duct (21); a plurality of openings (31) are provided on the partition (3); the fan (1) comprises a first air outlet (11) and a second air outlet (12) which are arranged opposite to each other; the first air outlet (11) is connected to the first air duct (21); and the second air outlet (12) is connected to the second air duct (22) through the opening (31).

4. The axial flow ventilation system for a tunnel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first air outlet (11) is provided with a guide plate (4).

5. The axial flow ventilation system for a tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that: A muffler (5) is provided between the first air port (11) and the guide plate (4).

6. The axial flow ventilation system for a tunnel according to claim 3, characterized in that: A flow guide channel (6) is connected between the second air outlet (12) and the opening (31).

7. The axial flow ventilation system for a tunnel according to claim 6, characterized in that: The flow guide channel (6) comprises two flow guide side plates (61) arranged opposite to each other and a flow guide inclined plate (62) connected between the two flow guide side plates (61).

8. The axial flow ventilation system for a tunnel according to claim 6, characterized in that: An air valve (7) is provided between the second air port (12) and the flow guide channel (6).

9. The axial flow ventilation system for a tunnel according to any one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that: The second air duct (22) is located above the first air duct (21), a corbel (8) is provided on the side wall of the fan room (2), and the partition (3) is mounted on the corbel (8).

10. The axial flow ventilation system for a tunnel according to any one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that: The second air duct (22) is connected to the main tunnel (9); the distance between the plurality of fans (1) and the side wall of the fan room (2) is greater than the maximum width of the fans (1).

11. A tunnel system, characterized in that: An axial flow ventilation system comprising a main tunnel (9) and a tunnel as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the fan room (2) is connected to the side wall of the main tunnel (9), and the fan room (2) is communicated with the main tunnel (9).

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