Self-capture detection device for a rotating machine

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of detection, in particular to a self-energy-trapping detection device of a rotating machine, which comprises a sensing unit, a processing unit, a wireless communication unit, an energy collecting unit and an energy management unit, the sensing unit, the processing unit, the wireless communication unit and the energy collecting unit are electrically connected with the energy management unit; the sensing unit is fixedly arranged on the inner side of an end cover, the energy collecting unit is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the end cover, and the processing unit, the wireless communication unit and the energy management unit are arranged on the end cover; through the self-energy-trapping technology, the wireless online monitoring of the rotating machine is realized, and the dependence on external power supply of the traditional monitoring method is overcome; the kinetic energy of the rotating machine itself is used for energy collection, no additional infrastructure construction is needed, and through the data transmission function of the wireless communication unit, the running state of the rotating machine can be monitored in real time, potential faults can be found in advance, and equipment damage or accidents can be avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of detection, in particular to a self-energy-harvesting detection device for rotating machinery. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increase of train load and running time, the bearing as an important component of the train, its running state is crucial to the safety of the train. The traditional bearing monitoring method usually adopts the trackside infrared temperature measurement system, but such method has the problems of low monitoring accuracy, great difficulty in infrastructure construction, high maintenance cost, etc., which is difficult to meet the modern industrial demand.

[0003] In recent years, the progress of microelectronics, computers and wireless communication technology has enabled the rapid development of wireless sensor networks (WSN). WSN is composed of a large number of low-power, small-volume wireless sensor nodes, and is widely used in industrial monitoring, environmental monitoring and other fields. However, the application of WSN in complex environments still faces many challenges, especially in terms of energy supply. The traditional battery-powered method is not suitable for large-scale wireless sensor networks due to its limited life, high maintenance cost, etc.; while the wired power supply method lacks flexibility and is more expensive.

[0004] To solve these problems, self-energy-harvesting technology as a new solution can collect energy from the environment (such as wind energy) to power the wireless sensor nodes, avoiding the limitations of traditional power supply methods. This technology is particularly suitable for online monitoring of rotating machinery such as trains and fans. However, due to the motion characteristics of rotating machinery, the stability of energy collection, the effectiveness of energy management, and the reliable transmission of data are still key issues that need to be addressed.

[0005] The present application aims to provide an efficient and reliable online monitoring system for rotating machinery by optimizing the energy collection and management system combined with wireless sensor network technology. SUMMARY

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is how to effectively perform online monitoring in industrial rotating machinery, especially in the absence of external power supply support, to provide stable and reliable sensor power supply and data transmission. The purpose is to provide a self-energy-harvesting detection device for rotating machinery, which realizes the collection of environmental energy for sensor power supply and real-time monitoring of the running state of key components of rotating machinery such as temperature, vibration, etc., ensuring the safe operation and timely maintenance of equipment.

[0007] The present application is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0008] The application discloses a self-energy-capturing detection device of a rotating machine, and the rotating machine comprises a rotating shaft, a bearing and an end cover, the rotating shaft is rotationally connected with a non-rotating part through the bearing, and the end cover is connected with an end of the rotating shaft.

[0009] The detection device comprises a sensing unit, a processing unit, a wireless communication unit, an energy collecting unit and an energy management unit, and the sensing unit, the processing unit, the wireless communication unit and the energy collecting unit are electrically connected with the energy management unit.

[0010] The sensing unit is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the end cover, the energy collecting unit is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the end cover, and the processing unit, the wireless communication unit and the energy management unit are arranged on the end cover.

[0011] Optionally, the sensing unit is an infrared temperature measuring sensor, the infrared temperature measuring sensor is fixed on the inner side of the end cover and is arranged in correspondence with the connecting position of a bearing inner ring of the bearing and a bearing outer ring of the bearing, and the infrared temperature measuring sensor measures the temperature of the contact surface between the bearing inner end and the bearing outer ring.

[0012] Specifically, the energy collecting unit comprises a wind power generator and an impeller, the wind power generator is fixedly connected with the outer side of the end cover, a torque input shaft of the wind power generator is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft of the impeller, the torque input shaft of the wind power generator coincides with the central axis of the rotating shaft, and an electric energy output end of the wind power generator is electrically connected with the energy management unit.

[0013] Further, the energy collecting unit further comprises a wind shield, the wind shield is fixedly connected with a non-rotating part, the wind shield blocks the airflow towards the impeller, and the rotating direction of the impeller is opposite to the rotating direction of the rotating shaft.

[0014] Optionally, the lower part of a wheel body connected with the rotating shaft is in contact with the ground, and the wind shield blocks the lower half of the impeller.

[0015] If the rotating shaft rotates clockwise, the airflow exerts a force on the upper half of the impeller and makes the impeller rotate counterclockwise.

[0016] If the rotating shaft rotates counterclockwise, the airflow exerts a force on the upper half of the impeller and makes the impeller rotate clockwise.

[0017] Optionally, the wind shield is in a U-shaped structure, and the lower half of the impeller is located in the U-shaped structure.

[0018] Optionally, the projection of the blade of the impeller on the central axis of the impeller is in an S shape.

[0019] Specifically, the energy management unit comprises an energy storage module, a transformer, and a power IC, the power IC being electrically connected with the energy storage module and the transformer, and the energy storage module being electrically connected with the sensing unit, the processing unit, the wireless communication unit, and the energy harvesting unit through the transformer.

[0020] Optionally, the energy storage module is a battery or a capacitor.

[0021] Optionally, the wireless communication unit comprises a radio frequency transmission circuit, the radio frequency transmission circuit being in wireless communication with a gateway, and the gateway being in communication with a cloud platform through a wireless communication module.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0023] The application mainly comprises a sensing unit, a processing unit, a wireless communication unit, an energy harvesting unit, and an energy management unit. The sensing unit is fixedly installed on the inner side of the end cover of the rotating machine, and is used for detecting the temperature or other physical parameters of the bearing. The energy harvesting unit is installed on the outer side of the end cover, and converts the kinetic energy of the rotating machine into electric energy through a wind turbine and an impeller to supply the sensor and other electronic units. The energy management unit is responsible for storing and distributing the harvested energy to ensure stable operation of the system. The wireless communication unit transmits the processed data to the gateway through a radio frequency signal to realize remote communication with the cloud platform. The design of the device integrates all key components on the end cover, ensuring the compactness and reliability of the system.

[0024] The application realizes wireless online monitoring of the rotating machine through self-energy trapping technology, and overcomes the dependence on external power supply in the traditional monitoring method. The kinetic energy of the rotating machine itself is used for energy harvesting, without the need for additional infrastructure construction. Through the data transmission function of the wireless communication unit, the running state of the rotating machine can be monitored in real time, which helps to discover potential faults in advance and avoid equipment damage or accidents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] The accompanying drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present application and together with the general description of the application given above and the detailed description of the application given below, serve to explain the principles of the present application. These drawings should not be considered limiting in scope of the present application, as the application can be implemented across a broad range of embodiments. Example embodiments of the application will be described with reference to "the drawings", wherein:

[0026] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a self-energy trapping detection device of a rotating machine according to the present application.

[0027] Figure 2 is a working principle diagram of a self-energy trapping detection device of a rotating machine according to the present application.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the impeller structure according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of a self-capturing energy detection device for rotating machinery according to the present invention.

[0030] Reference numerals: 1-rotating shaft, 2-bearing outer ring, 3-bearing inner ring, 4-end cover, 5-sensing unit, 6-impeller, 7-blade. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0032] It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0034] An embodiment for use on a train is provided, wherein the non-rotating device itself moves under the drive of a rotating shaft.

[0035] Although wireless sensor technology has developed rapidly, its application in freight train monitoring has not been smooth, and research remains at the laboratory stage. The main reasons hindering the development of this technology are:

[0036] The power supply problem of wireless sensors in complex environments. For low-power power supply, battery power is the most obvious consideration. However, in reality, battery life is limited, and extensive battery inspection and replacement are laborious. Another common power supply method is wired power supply, which reduces the flexibility of wireless sensor networks and significantly increases costs. Furthermore, in certain environments (such as wireless sensor network deployments with moving parts), laying cables is impractical. Since WSNs consist of numerous sensor nodes, the power supply problem for these nodes also arises. The limited energy of the sensor nodes becomes crucial, especially considering the excessive costs of powering them via wired cables or replacing batteries. Moreover, when sensor nodes must be very small, only a few square centimeters, convenient placement and use of such small devices are limited by the energy stored in the battery, and the lifespan of nodes powered by miniature batteries is also severely limited. This means that maintaining the entire lifespan of the nodes presents a significant challenge.

[0037] High energy consumption problem of sensor node in operation: the power consumed by each individual part of the wireless sensor node (microprocessor, signal transmitting part, internal memory, circuit board in the sensor node) is shown in the following table. As can be seen from the table, the power consumed by all parts of the sensor during the operation in the active mode is several milliwatts, and the power consumed when in sleep or idle mode is several microwatts. If the sensor node operation is set to full duty cycle, the current of the sensor node is about 30 milliamperes.

[0038] Currently, the bearing temperature monitoring of on-track freight trains uses shunt section infrared measurement, which has high cost (single node 3 million yuan), insufficient accuracy, great difficulty in infrastructure construction, high maintenance cost, and needs a low-cost and high-reliability miniature long-life power supply and sensing monitoring means. The embodiment uses a ring paddle miniature motor, which can utilize the rotating characteristics of the train bearing to realize energy conversion and solve the key technology of bearing self-powered monitoring. The sensor data of the bearing is intermittently collected during train operation to monitor abnormal changes in bearing temperature. There are about 3.4 million sets of bearings for 850,000 trains of on-track freight trains, and the potential demand is large.

[0039] Based on the environmental self-energy harvesting power generation technology, the design and manufacturing capability of small-size ring motor devices has been mastered. Through the breakthrough of energy collection and energy management technology, a self-powered sensor product applicable to the field of railway transportation has been developed.

[0040] In addition to the demand for online monitoring of bearing status, by analyzing the energy characteristics, monitoring physical quantities and communication needs in different scenarios, the project results can be quickly converted to important needs for online monitoring of pipeline vibration, ocean pressure, in-pile dose, etc.

[0041] Embodiment one

[0042] As shown in Figure 1 A self-energy harvesting detection device for a rotating machine is provided for real-time monitoring of the operating state of key components of the rotating machine, in particular the temperature and other physical parameters of the bearings, and self-powered through energy harvesting. The rotating machine comprises a rotating shaft 1, a bearing, and an end cover 4, the rotating shaft 1 is rotationally connected to the non-rotating part through the bearing, and the end cover 4 is connected to the end of the rotating shaft 1.

[0043] The detection device comprises a sensing unit 5, a processing unit, a wireless communication unit, an energy harvesting unit, and an energy management unit, the sensing unit 5, the processing unit, the wireless communication unit, and the energy harvesting unit are electrically connected to the energy management unit.

[0044] The sensing unit 5 is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the end cover 4, the energy harvesting unit is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the end cover 4, and the processing unit, the wireless communication unit, and the energy management unit are arranged on the end cover 4.

[0045] The sensing unit 5 is fixed on the inner side of the end cover 4, mainly used for monitoring the temperature or vibration between the rotating shaft 1 and the bearing. Since the end cover 4 remains basically stationary relative to the rotating shaft 1, the sensing unit 5 can stably collect the temperature data of the bearing.

[0046] The energy harvesting unit is fixed on the outer side of the end cover 4, which converts kinetic energy into electrical energy through mechanical motion (such as rotation of the rotating shaft 1). It usually includes a wind turbine and a impeller 6 and other devices. With the operation of the rotating machinery, the impeller 6 drives the generator to generate electricity under the action of air power.

[0047] The energy management unit is responsible for storing and distributing the electrical energy generated by the energy harvesting unit, ensuring that the sensing unit 5, processing unit and wireless communication unit can operate continuously and stably.

[0048] The processing unit is set on the end cover 4, which receives the data collected by the sensing unit 5 and performs preliminary processing such as data filtering or simple calculation to ensure the accuracy and real-time of the data.

[0049] The wireless communication unit transmits the processed data to external receiving devices such as gateways or cloud platforms for remote monitoring and analysis. This unit is generally connected wirelessly with the gateway through a radio frequency communication module, supporting remote data transmission.

[0050] Self-capturing energy refers to the technology that collects energy (such as kinetic energy, thermal energy, etc.) from the environment through the operation process of the device itself (such as mechanical motion, temperature difference, etc.), and converts it into electrical energy to power the device.

[0051] Example two

[0052] The measurable temperature points of the bearing are: the surface of the bearing outer ring 2, the bearing inner ring 3 near the end cover 4 edge on the outer side. The bearing outer ring 2 surface environment is harsh, generally adopts non-contact measurement method, such as infrared measurement, close-range infrared measurement has high accuracy and accurate position, that is, the sensing unit 5 is an infrared temperature sensor, the infrared temperature sensor is fixed on the inner side of the end cover 4, and is correspondingly arranged at the connection between the bearing inner ring 3 and the bearing outer ring 2, the infrared temperature sensor measures the temperature of the contact surface between the bearing inner end and the bearing outer ring 2.

[0053] The infrared temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature of the bearing, which is a non-contact temperature measurement device that detects the infrared radiation emitted by the object surface and calculates the temperature of the object using the blackbody radiation law (Planck's law), without direct contact with the measured object, suitable for temperature measurement in rotating, moving or dangerous environments.

[0054] An infrared temperature sensor is precisely installed on the inner side of the end cover 4, corresponding to the junction of the bearing inner ring 3 and the bearing outer ring 2. The choice of this position is based on the working characteristics and temperature distribution of the bearing. The contact surface between the bearing inner ring 3 and the outer ring is the most severe place of bearing friction and wear, and the temperature change is most significant, so monitoring the temperature of this part can directly reflect the running state of the bearing.

[0055] When the rotating machinery is running, the bearing inner ring 3 continuously moves in a circular motion relative to the bearing outer ring 2, and the temperature at the contact surface will rise due to friction. The infrared temperature sensor measures the temperature of the contact surface in real time by detecting the intensity of infrared radiation in this critical area. The advantage of measuring temperature by infrared temperature sensor is that it does not need to be in direct contact with the measured object, avoiding the problem of sensor wear or complex installation in traditional contact temperature measurement methods.

[0056] The infrared temperature sensor uses the infrared radiation generated during the operation of the bearing to measure the temperature of the contact surface between the bearing inner ring 3 and the outer ring in real time. When the bearing is working normally, the sensor will continuously monitor the temperature data of the contact surface. Once the temperature exceeds the preset safety threshold, the system can send an alarm signal to the remote monitoring center through the wireless communication unit, prompting the equipment operator that the bearing may have overheating or wear problems, and needs to be checked and maintained in time.

[0057] Example Three

[0058] If it is necessary to detect the vibration of the bearing, that is, the sensing unit 5 adopts a vibration sensor, its installation position and function are different from those of the infrared temperature sensor, but it is also used to monitor the key running state of the rotating machinery. The vibration sensor is used to detect the vibration of the bearing, helping to identify potential mechanical faults such as imbalance, looseness or wear.

[0059] The installation position of the vibration sensor needs to be selected at a point that can maximize the capture of vibration signals caused by internal faults or abnormalities of the bearing. Since the relative movement between the bearing inner ring 3 and the outer ring and the change of mechanical load may cause vibration abnormalities, monitoring the vibration frequency and amplitude of these parts is crucial for assessing the health status of the bearing.

[0060] The vibration sensor obtains dynamic information of the bearing in operation by measuring the vibration signals generated by the bearing during work. The sensor converts mechanical vibration into electrical signals, and the processing unit analyzes the characteristics of these signals, such as frequency and amplitude, to assess the working state of the bearing. If abnormal vibration is detected, such as a sudden increase in amplitude or the presence of abnormal frequency components, the system will send warning information to the remote monitoring platform through the wireless communication unit. This real-time monitoring and early warning mechanism can help equipment maintenance personnel to discover and handle potential faults in time, avoiding major damage.

[0061] Example Four

[0062] The energy collection unit comprises a wind turbine and an impeller 6, the wind turbine is fixedly connected with the outer side of the end cover 4, and the torque input shaft of the wind turbine is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft of the impeller 6, and the torque input shaft of the wind turbine coincides with the central axis of the rotating shaft 1; the electric energy output end of the wind turbine is electrically connected with the energy management unit.

[0063] The design core of the energy collection unit is to realize the self-power supply target through the air power generated in the rotating mechanical operation process. The energy collection unit mainly comprises a wind turbine and an impeller 6, which is used to convert mechanical energy into electric energy to provide power support for each electronic unit of the detection device.

[0064] The wind turbine is fixedly installed on the outer side of the rotating mechanical end cover 4, and converts the rotating kinetic energy of the impeller 6 into electric energy. The torque input shaft of the wind turbine is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft of the impeller 6, and the input shaft thereof coincides with the central axis of the rotating shaft 1 of the rotating machine, so that the wind turbine can efficiently capture and utilize the air power generated in the rotating mechanical operation process, and the shaking caused by the different shafts of the rotating shaft 1 is avoided. The power of the airflow to the impeller 6 and the power of the rotating shaft 1 make the coil and the magnet in the generator relatively rotate and generate electricity.

[0065] The electric energy generated by the wind turbine is transmitted to the energy management unit through the electric energy output end thereof. The energy management unit stores and distributes these electric energies for use by the sensing unit 5, the processing unit and the wireless communication unit and the like.

[0066] When the rotating shaft 1 rotates, the impeller 6 relatively rotates with the rotating shaft 1 under the action of inertia, the coil is relatively fixed with the impeller 6, and the magnet is relatively fixed with the rotating shaft 1, so that the coil relatively rotates with the magnet to generate current.

[0067] Considering the problem of intermittent energy collection, the wind energy collection system is arranged at the bearing end cover 4. Compared with the geographical position of the train and the outdoor large fan, the wind energy collected depends on the train running and parking, and has intermittence and volatility; the train rotating shaft speed and the wind power are low. The wind energy mainly depends on the wind speed, and the speed is generally in the range of 10 m / s, and the bearing self-rotation component is introduced due to the small effective cross-sectional area of the impeller 6; the end cover 4 and the bearing need to be arranged with sensors, so the wind energy collection system needs to be as small as possible in size and as light as possible in weight.

[0068] Embodiment five

[0069] In order to further optimize the design of the energy collection unit, the direction of the airflow and the rotating direction of the impeller 6 are controlled by increasing the wind shield, so as to improve the wind power generation efficiency and the stability of the system.

[0070] The energy collecting unit further comprises a wind deflector fixedly connected with the non-rotating part, and the wind deflector blocks the airflow towards the impeller 6 and makes the rotating direction of the impeller 6 opposite to the rotating direction of the rotating shaft 1.

[0071] The lower part of the wheel body connected with the rotating shaft 1 is in contact with the ground, and the wind deflector blocks the lower half of the impeller 6; if the rotating shaft 1 rotates clockwise, the airflow exerts force on the upper half of the impeller 6 and makes the impeller 6 rotate counterclockwise; if the rotating shaft 1 rotates counterclockwise, the airflow exerts force on the upper half of the impeller 6 and makes the impeller 6 rotate clockwise.

[0072] As shown in the structure of Figure 2 and Figure 4 , if the whole train is set to move to the right, the airflow direction is to the left. In order to make the airflow blow the impeller 6 to rotate counterclockwise, the airflow needs to exert force on the upper half of the impeller 6.

[0073] The wind deflector is a structure fixed on the non-rotating part, and its main function is to control the flow path of the airflow, so as to avoid the airflow directly acting on the lower half of the impeller 6, and ensure that the impeller 6 always rotates under controlled conditions.

[0074] The wind deflector blocks the airflow towards the impeller 6, so that the airflow only acts on the upper half of the impeller 6, thereby making the rotating direction of the impeller 6 opposite to the rotating direction of the rotating shaft 1. This design effectively utilizes the motion characteristics of the rotating machine, and ensures the stable operation of the impeller 6 and the power generation efficiency.

[0075] When the rotating machine operates, the rotating shaft 1 drives the impeller 6 to rotate. If the rotating shaft 1 rotates clockwise, the wind deflector will guide the airflow to concentrate on the upper half of the impeller 6, making the impeller 6 rotate counterclockwise; on the contrary, when the rotating shaft 1 rotates counterclockwise, the force of the airflow on the upper half of the impeller 6 will make the impeller 6 rotate clockwise.

[0076] In order to block the wind when the train moves left or right, the wind deflector is designed as a U-shaped structure, and the lower half of the impeller 6 is located in the U-shaped structure.

[0077] In addition, as shown in Figure 3 , in order to optimize the design of the blade 7, the projection of the blade 7 of the impeller 6 on the central axis of the impeller 6 is S-shaped. That is, whether the impeller 6 rotates counterclockwise or clockwise, there is a concave surface to concentrate the airflow.

[0078] Example Six

[0079] Due to the intermittent and unstable nature of wind energy, if the wind power generation system is directly connected to the nodes of the wireless sensor network for power supply, there may be power supply sometimes, or voltage is high and low, etc. Unstable phenomenon, this phenomenon not only will cause the damage of the electronic devices of each node of the wireless sensor network, but also will cause the system cannot work normally. Therefore, a stable, non-intermittent energy storage module needs to be set up to ensure the safe and continuous work of the wireless sensor network.

[0080] The energy management unit includes an energy storage module, a transformer, and a power IC. The power IC is electrically connected to the energy storage module and the transformer. The energy storage module is electrically connected to the sensing unit 5, the processing unit, the wireless communication unit, and the energy harvesting unit through the transformer. The energy storage module is a battery or a capacitor.

[0081] The energy management unit is designed to efficiently manage and distribute the electrical energy generated by the energy harvesting unit, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of each functional module of the detection device. The energy management unit includes an energy storage module, a transformer, and a power IC, which work together to optimize the storage and use of electrical energy.

[0082] The energy storage module is used to store the electrical energy generated by the energy harvesting unit. This module can use a battery or a capacitor as an energy storage element. The battery is suitable for long-term electrical energy storage, while the capacitor can quickly store and release electrical energy, suitable for scenarios that require frequent power supply. The electrical energy stored in the energy storage module can provide stable power output when needed, ensuring that the system can still operate normally when energy harvesting is insufficient or intermittent.

[0083] The transformer is responsible for converting the electrical energy output by the energy storage module into a voltage suitable for use by each functional unit. Since different units may require different operating voltages, the transformer adjusts the voltage to the appropriate level through voltage boosting or voltage reduction for use by the sensing unit 5, the processing unit, the wireless communication unit, etc.

[0084] The power IC (integrated circuit) is the control core of the energy management unit, which is electrically connected to the energy storage module and the transformer, and is responsible for managing the distribution and conversion of electrical energy. The power IC can dynamically adjust the electrical energy output according to the needs of each functional unit, ensuring efficient use of electrical energy and preventing waste or overload of electrical energy.

[0085] The wind generator uses a DC generator, so the transformer uses a DC / DC transformer. Since the voltage range used by each sensor node is inconsistent, the electrical energy from the energy storage device or the wind power generation device needs to be adjusted before being sent to each sensor node. The DC / DC transformer includes a step-down DC / DC transformer, a step-up DC / DC transformer, and a step-down and step-up DC / DC transformer.

[0086] Example Seven

[0087] The wireless communication unit includes a radio frequency transmission circuit, which communicates wirelessly with the gateway, and the gateway communicates with the cloud platform through the wireless communication module.

[0088] The wireless communication unit is used to realize the remote transmission of the detection device data, so that the monitored running state of the rotating machinery can be transmitted to the cloud platform in real time for analysis and storage. The core components of the wireless communication unit include a radio frequency transmission circuit, a gateway, and a cloud platform communication module.

[0089] The radio frequency transmission circuit is the key part of the wireless communication unit, which is responsible for sending the data collected by the sensing unit 5 and processed by the processing unit through radio waves. The radio frequency transmission circuit uses the high transmission capacity of radio frequency signals to reliably transmit data to nearby gateway devices without physical connection.

[0090] The gateway acts as a relay station for communication, receiving radio frequency signals from multiple wireless communication units and exchanging data with the cloud platform through its own wireless communication module. The gateway not only aggregates data from multiple sensor nodes, but also performs preliminary data filtering and processing to reduce the burden on the cloud platform.

[0091] The cloud platform communicates with the gateway through the wireless communication module, receives data from multiple gateways, and performs centralized processing and storage. The cloud platform provides powerful data processing and analysis capabilities, enabling in-depth analysis of sensor-collected data and generating operation reports or alarm information to support equipment management and maintenance decisions.

[0092] The wireless communication module can be a GRPS module, a LoRa module, a 4G module, a 5G module, a WIFI module, etc., which can support multiple communication protocols.

[0093] Example eight

[0094] A specific example is provided, in which the energy harvesting unit uses a combination of a small fan and a brushless DC motor. The fan has a diameter of 100mm and is designed to capture low-speed airflow. Experimental results show that when the wind speed reaches 5.1m / s, the fan can generate 28mW of electrical energy; when the wind speed is 2.5m / s, it can generate 8mW of electrical energy. These electrical energies are used to support the operation of the sensor nodes on the rotating machinery.

[0095] Due to the limited energy generated by the micro fan, the subsequent energy storage circuit must be optimized to achieve low-power design. For this purpose, the energy management circuit uses the following technical solutions:

[0096] MOSFET Rectifier: Compared to traditional diode bridge rectifiers, MOSFET rectifiers have a lower on-state voltage drop, reducing energy loss and improving overall efficiency. This rectifier is particularly suitable for rectification operations under low voltage conditions, ensuring efficient collection of the electrical energy generated by the microgenerator.

[0097] DC-DC Boost Converter: To maximize the energy harvested from wind power, the system uses a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique based on impedance matching (equivalent resistance method). This boost converter can operate with input voltages as low as 1.2V and has an energy conversion efficiency that is 40% to 70% higher than traditional methods. By optimizing the impedance matching, the converter can dynamically adjust the load to ensure that the wind generator always operates at the optimal power point, maximizing energy collection efficiency.

[0098] Low Power Consumption Design: The entire energy storage and power management system is designed with low power consumption as a principle, minimizing energy consumption in non-operating states. Through efficient energy management circuit design, the system can continuously power the sensing unit 5, processing unit, and wireless communication unit with the limited energy generated by the microfan.

[0099] In the description of the present specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment / way", "some embodiments / ways", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment / way or example are included in at least one embodiment / way or example of the present application. In the present specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment / way or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments / ways or examples. In addition, the person skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments / ways or examples described in the present specification and the features of the different embodiments / ways or examples, without contradiction.

[0100] In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0101] Those skilled in the art should understand that the above-mentioned embodiments are only used for clearly explaining the present application, and are not used for limiting the scope of the present application. Other changes or modifications can be made on the basis of the above-mentioned application, and the changes or modifications are still within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A self-capture detection device for a rotating machine, characterized by, The rotating machine comprises a rotating shaft (1), a bearing and an end cover (4), the rotating shaft (1) is rotatably connected with a non-rotating part through the bearing, and the end cover (4) is connected with an end of the rotating shaft (1); The detection device comprises a sensing unit (5), a processing unit, a wireless communication unit, an energy collection unit and an energy management unit, the sensing unit (5), the processing unit, the wireless communication unit and the energy collection unit are electrically connected with the energy management unit; The sensing unit (5) is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the end cover (4), the energy collection unit is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the end cover (4), and the processing unit, the wireless communication unit and the energy management unit are arranged on the end cover (4); The energy collection unit comprises a wind power generator, an impeller (6) and a wind shield, the wind power generator is fixedly connected with the outer side of the end cover (4), the torque input shaft of the wind power generator is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft of the impeller (6), the torque input shaft of the wind power generator coincides with the central axis of the rotating shaft (1), the electric energy output end of the wind power generator is electrically connected with the energy management unit, the wind shield is fixedly connected with a non-rotating part, the wind shield blocks the airflow towards the impeller (6), and the rotating direction of the impeller (6) is opposite to the rotating direction of the rotating shaft (1); The lower part of the impeller body connected with the rotating shaft (1) is in contact with the ground, and the wind shield blocks the lower half of the impeller (6); If the rotating shaft (1) rotates clockwise, the airflow exerts force on the upper half of the impeller (6) and makes the impeller (6) rotate counterclockwise; If the rotating shaft (1) rotates counterclockwise, the airflow exerts force on the upper half of the impeller (6) and makes the impeller (6) rotate clockwise; The wind shield is in a U-shaped structure, and the lower half of the impeller (6) is located in the U-shaped structure; The projection of the blade (7) of the impeller (6) on the central axis of the impeller (6) is in an S shape.

2. A self-energy-capture detection device for a rotary machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensing unit (5) is an infrared temperature sensor, the infrared temperature sensor is fixed on the inner side of the end cover (4) and is arranged correspondingly at the connection position of the bearing inner ring (3) and the bearing outer ring (2) of the bearing, and the infrared temperature sensor measures the temperature of the contact surface of the bearing inner ring (3) and the bearing outer ring (2).

3. A self-energy-capture detection device for a rotary machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy management unit comprises an energy storage module, a transformer and a power IC, the power IC is electrically connected with the energy storage module and the transformer, and the energy storage module is electrically connected with the sensing unit (5), the processing unit, the wireless communication unit and the energy collection unit through the transformer.

4. A self-energy-capture detection device for a rotary machine according to claim 3, wherein The energy storage module is a battery or a capacitor.

5. A self-energy-capture detection device for a rotary machine according to claim 1, wherein The wireless communication unit comprises a radio frequency transmission circuit, the radio frequency transmission circuit is in wireless communication with a gateway, and the gateway communicates with a cloud platform through a wireless communication module.

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