Thermal-mechanical coupling test device for shape memory material

Abstract

The invention relates to a thermal-mechanical coupling test device for a shape memory material. The thermal-mechanical coupling test device comprises a heat preservation supporting unit, a measuring unit and a temperature control unit, wherein the measuring unit and the temperature control unit are mounted on the heat preservation supporting unit; the measuring unit comprises a first sample clamp, a second sample clamp, a vertical sliding seat for supporting the second sample clamp, and a displacement measuring assembly for measuring the sliding displacement of the second sample clamp; the first sample clamp is mounted at the top end of the heat preservation supporting unit; the vertical sliding seat is installed on the side wall of the heat preservation supporting unit. The second sample clamp is positioned right below the first sample clamp; the displacement measuring assembly is connected with the side wall of the heat preservation supporting unit and the second sample clamp. According to the method, the deformation data of the shape memory material under the complex thermal coupling working condition can be conveniently obtained in a simple and reliable mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of solid mechanics tests, and in particular to a thermal-mechanical coupling test device for shape memory materials. Background Art

[0002] Shape memory materials, especially shape memory alloys, have attracted widespread attention due to their unique shape memory effect. This effect refers to the ability of a material to recover from a preset temporary shape to its original design shape after undergoing a specific temperature change. This property makes shape memory materials have potential application value in many fields such as aerospace, biomedicine, smart structures and systems.

[0003] However, shape memory materials often need to undergo complex thermomechanical coupling loading conditions during their actual application, i.e., shape memory materials are affected by temperature while bearing loads, and this coupling effect on shape memory materials is continuous and cyclical, which will significantly change the performance and mechanical behavior of the materials. Only through experiments can we fully and accurately obtain the performance of materials under actual complex working conditions, provide data support for the construction of theoretical models, and provide a scientific basis for their future design and application. Therefore, conducting thermomechanical coupling experiments on shape memory materials is a crucial link in their research. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a thermomechanical coupling test device for shape memory materials.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the present invention provides a thermal-mechanical coupling test device for shape memory materials, comprising: a heat-insulating support unit, a measuring unit installed on the heat-insulating support unit, and a temperature control unit;

[0006] The measuring unit comprises: a first sample fixture, a second sample fixture, a vertical sliding seat for supporting the second sample fixture, and a displacement measuring assembly for measuring the sliding displacement of the second sample fixture;

[0007] The first sample fixture is installed on the top of the thermal insulation support unit;

[0008] The vertical sliding seat is installed on the side wall of the heat preservation support unit;

[0009] The second sample holder is located directly below the first sample holder;

[0010] The displacement measurement assembly is connected to the side wall of the heat-insulating support unit and the second sample fixture respectively.

[0011] According to one aspect of the present invention, the first sample clamp comprises: a first fixing seat, a first rear clamping plate arranged at the lower side of the first fixing seat, and a first front clamping plate detachably connected to the first rear clamping plate;

[0012] The second sample clamp comprises: a first connecting seat, a second rear clamping plate arranged on the first connecting seat, a second front clamping plate detachably connected to the second rear clamping plate, and a load hook connected to the first connecting seat;

[0013] The first rear clamping plate and the first front clamping plate are used to clamp one end of the sample, and the second front clamping plate and the second rear clamping plate are used to clamp the other end of the sample.

[0014] According to one aspect of the present invention, the first sample clamp comprises: a first fixing seat, a first rear clamping plate arranged at the lower side of the first fixing seat, a first front clamping plate detachably connected to the first rear clamping plate, a first rotating rod, and a first stopper;

[0015] The first rear clamping plate is provided with a first mounting hole, and the first mounting hole is provided with a first mounting groove for mounting the first limiting member;

[0016] The first limiting member is installed in the first installation slot to limit the rotation of the first rotating rod;

[0017] One end of the first rotating rod is rotatably connected to the first mounting hole, and a first limiting groove for cooperating with the first limiting member is provided at a position of the first rotating rod corresponding to the first mounting groove;

[0018] The first front clamping plate is provided with a second mounting hole, so as to be rotatably connected to the other end of the first rotating rod through the second mounting hole;

[0019] The first rear clamping plate is provided with a first sample passage for the sample to pass through, and the first sample passage is connected to the first mounting hole;

[0020] The first rotating rod is provided with a first sample fixing hole for fixing the end of the sample;

[0021] The second sample clamp comprises: a first connecting seat, a second rear clamping plate arranged on the first connecting seat, a second front clamping plate detachably connected to the second rear clamping plate, a load hook connected to the first connecting seat, a second rotating rod, and a second limiting member;

[0022] A second mounting hole is provided between the first connecting seat, the second rear clamping plate and the connecting position of the second front clamping plate, and a second mounting groove for mounting the second position-limiting member is provided in the second mounting hole;

[0023] The second limiting member is fixedly installed in the second installation slot to limit the rotation of the second rotating rod;

[0024] A second limiting groove for cooperating with the second limiting member is provided at a position of the second rotating rod corresponding to the second mounting groove;

[0025] A second sample passage for the sample to pass through is provided between the second rear clamping plate and the second front clamping plate, and the second sample passage is communicated with the second mounting hole;

[0026] The second rotating rod is provided with a second sample fixing hole for fixing the end of the sample.

[0027] According to one aspect of the present invention, the vertical sliding seat comprises: two sliding assemblies arranged side by side, a displacement constraint rod connected to the sliding assemblies;

[0028] The second sample fixture is connected to the displacement constraint rod;

[0029] The sliding assembly comprises: a guide rail shaft, position fixing seats respectively arranged at opposite ends of the guide rail shaft, a sliding sleeve slidably connected to the guide rail shaft, and a guide rail stopper connected to the sliding sleeve;

[0030] The end of the displacement restraining rod is connected to the guide rail limiter;

[0031] The guide rail axis is arranged along the vertical direction.

[0032] According to one aspect of the present invention, the guide rail limiter is provided with an end limit seat for fixing the displacement constraint rod;

[0033] The end limiting seat is detachably connected to the guide rail limiter.

[0034] According to one aspect of the present invention, the heat preservation support unit comprises: a bottom support, a column vertically arranged on the bottom support, a top plate connected to the upper end of the column, a back plate, a front plate and a side plate connected to the column;

[0035] The top plate, the back plate and the side plates are respectively thermal insulation plates;

[0036] The front panel is a heat-insulating glass plate;

[0037] The first sample fixture is detachably connected to the lower side of the top plate;

[0038] The vertical sliding seat and the displacement measuring assembly are arranged on the same side of the back plate;

[0039] The column is made of aluminum profile.

[0040] According to one aspect of the present invention, the top plate is provided with a window penetrating the main body thereof, and the window is connected to an openable and closable transparent heat-insulating sealing plate.

[0041] According to one aspect of the present invention, the bottom support comprises: a rectangular frame, a bottom plate detachably connected to the rectangular frame;

[0042] The upright posts are detachably connected to the base plate, and a plurality of the upright posts are arranged in a rectangular array on the base plate;

[0043] The bottom plate comprises: an aluminum alloy plate body and a heat insulation layer arranged on the lower side of the aluminum alloy plate body;

[0044] The rectangular frame is an aluminum profile frame.

[0045] According to one aspect of the present invention, the temperature control unit comprises: a temperature sensor, a heater and a temperature controller;

[0046] The temperature sensor is mounted on the lower side of the top plate, and the heater is mounted on the upper side of the bottom support;

[0047] In the heat-insulating support unit, the temperature sensor and the heater are arranged at diagonal positions;

[0048] The temperature controller is arranged outside the heat preservation support unit;

[0049] The temperature sensor and the heater are connected to the temperature controller respectively.

[0050] According to one aspect of the present invention, it further comprises: a loading unit located within the heat-insulating support unit;

[0051] The loading unit comprises: a loading hook, a loading traction rope, a loading wheel, a wheel bracket and a loading motor;

[0052] The loading motor is mounted on the bottom support.

[0053] The bottom support is mounted on the loading motor or the bottom support;

[0054] One end of the loading traction rope is connected to the loading hook, and the other end is connected to the loading wheel;

[0055] The loading motor is connected to the loading wheel and is used to drive the loading wheel to rotate;

[0056] The displacement measurement component is a magnetic grating component or a grating component;

[0057] If the displacement measurement component is a magnetic grid component, it includes: a magnetic grid ruler and a magnetic grid scale reader;

[0058] The magnetic scale is fixed on the back plate, and the magnetic scale reader is installed on the second sample fixture;

[0059] If the displacement measurement component is a grating component, it includes: a grating ruler and a grating scale reader;

[0060] The grating ruler is fixed on the back plate, and the grating scale reader is installed on the second sample fixture.

[0061] According to one solution of the present invention, the present invention can conveniently obtain deformation data of shape memory materials under complex thermal-mechanical coupling conditions in a simple and reliable manner.

[0062] According to one solution of the present invention, the cooperation between the first sample clamp and the second sample clamp can realize effective clamping of filamentous, film, thin plate and other types of materials, realize a wider measurement range, and improve the application scope of the present invention.

[0063] According to one solution of the present invention, the vertical sliding seat in the present invention is combined with the second sample fixture to effectively limit the displacement of the shape memory alloy material in the axial direction, thereby effectively ensuring the accuracy of the measurement.

[0064] According to one solution of the present invention, the vertical sliding seat of the present invention uses a copper sliding sleeve in cooperation with a stainless steel guide rail shaft to ensure that the friction during the sliding process is reduced to the greatest extent and reduce interference with the load.

[0065] According to one solution of the present invention, the structure of the present invention is relatively simple, easy to install, and easy to prepare before the test and maintain after the test, and has the advantages of low use and maintenance costs.

[0066] According to a scheme of the present invention, the present invention solves the problem of thermal coupling test of shape memory materials. It realizes constant loading of different amplitudes by increasing or decreasing weights. In the test, a temperature control unit is used to adjust the ambient temperature and further control the temperature of the tested sample. A measuring ruler can be used to conveniently record the material deformation amount. The correlation data among the deformation amount, load and temperature of the shape memory material under different thermal conditions can be effectively obtained. The present invention has the characteristics of strong adaptability to test objects, convenient equipment installation, and simple adjustment of test conditions.

[0067] According to one solution of the present invention, the present invention can realize shape memory alloy wire, shape memory alloy sheet, shape memory alloy film, etc. as test objects by flexibly changing the first sample fixture and the second sample fixture, and can realize constant loading of different amplitudes by a motor or a weight. In the test, a temperature control unit is used to adjust the ambient temperature and further control the temperature of the object under test, and a displacement measurement component is used to record the material deformation amount, which can effectively obtain the correlation data between the deformation amount, load and temperature of the shape memory material under different thermal conditions; it has the advantages of strong adaptability to the test object, convenient equipment installation, autonomous controllable and easy adjustment of test conditions, etc., and has broad application prospects.

[0068] According to one solution of the present invention, the present invention can obtain the deformation data of shape memory materials under complex thermal-mechanical coupling conditions in a simple and reliable manner, and can realize the setting of a variety of different working conditions, integrating the three test functions of stretching, relaxation and creep.

[0069] According to one solution of the present invention, the present invention utilizes the cooperation of the first sample clamp and the second sample clamp to realize the effective clamping of single or combined forms of filamentary, film, thin plate and other types of materials, effectively ensuring the flexibility and reliability of the clamping.

[0070] According to one solution of the present invention, the present invention has a simple structure, is easy to install, and is easy to prepare before and maintain after the test, and has the advantages of low use and maintenance costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0071] Figure 1 is a perspective view schematically showing a thermal coupling test device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 2 is a structural diagram schematically showing a thermal-mechanical coupling test device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 3 is a structural diagram schematically showing a measuring unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 4 is a structural diagram schematically showing a first sample holder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0075] Figure 5 is a structural diagram schematically showing a first sample holder according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a first sample holder according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0077] Figure 7is a schematic diagram showing a combined structure of a second sample holder and a vertical sliding seat according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0078] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram showing a combined structure of a second sample fixture and a displacement constraint rod according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0079] Fig. 9 is a structural diagram schematically showing a second sample holder according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0080] Fig.10 is a diagram schematically showing the internal structure of a second sample holder according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0081] Fig.11 is a partial cross-sectional view schematically showing the interior of a second sample holder according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0082] Fig.12 is a diagram schematically showing a layout of a temperature control unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0083] Fig.13 is a diagram schematically showing the structure of a loading unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0084] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0085] When describing the embodiments of the present invention, the orientation or positional relationship expressed by the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the relevant drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above terms should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0086] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The embodiments cannot be described one by one here, but the embodiments of the present invention are not therefore limited to the following embodiments.

[0087] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, a thermomechanical coupling test device for shape memory materials of the present invention comprises: a thermal insulation support unit 1, a measuring unit 2 installed on the thermal insulation support unit 1, and a temperature control unit 3; in this embodiment, the temperature control unit 3 is installed in the thermal insulation support unit 1, and the test environment of the shape memory material can be controlled by the set temperature control unit 3 to achieve accurate and reliable measurement process, wherein the temperature control program in the temperature control unit 3 can be pre-set according to the sample to be tested, which will not be repeated here.

[0088] In this embodiment, the measuring unit 2 includes: a first sample fixture 21, a second sample fixture 22, a vertical sliding seat 23 for supporting the second sample fixture 22, and a displacement measuring assembly 24 for measuring the sliding displacement of the second sample fixture 22; in this embodiment, the first sample fixture 21 is installed at the top of the thermal insulation support unit 1, and the vertical sliding seat 23 is installed on the side wall of the thermal insulation support unit 1; in this embodiment, the second sample fixture 22 is located directly below the first sample fixture 21, and the displacement measuring assembly 24 is respectively connected to the side wall of the thermal insulation support unit 1 and the second sample fixture 22.

[0089] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first sample clamp 21 includes: a first fixing seat 211, a first rear clamping plate 212 arranged at the lower side of the first fixing seat 211, and a first front clamping plate 213 detachably connected to the first rear clamping plate 212; in this embodiment, the first fixing seat 211, the first rear clamping plate 212 and the first front clamping plate 213 are respectively metal materials, such as stainless steel materials; wherein the first rear clamping plate 212 and the first fixing seat 211 are fixedly connected to each other, such as welding, riveting or integrally arranged. In this embodiment, the first front clamping plate 213 uses a threaded connector to achieve detachable connection with the first rear clamping plate 212, wherein a threaded connection hole is provided on the first rear clamping plate 212, and a through hole corresponding to the threaded connection hole is provided on the first front clamping plate 213, and then the threaded connector can pass through the through hole to achieve connection with the threaded connection hole, thereby achieving fixation of the first front clamping plate 213 to achieve clamping of the sample.

[0090] In this embodiment, the threaded connectors for connecting the first front clamping plate 213 and the first rear clamping plate 212 can be arranged in two at intervals, so that the sample can be fully clamped in the first sample clamp 21, ensuring that the connection of the clamping position is stable and reliable, and effectively avoiding the sample from falling out during the test.

[0091] In this embodiment, the first rear clamping plate 212 and the first front clamping plate 213 are used to clamp one end of the sample, and the second front clamping plate 223 and the second rear clamping plate 222 are used to clamp the other end of the sample. In this embodiment, in the first sample clamp 21, V-shaped grooves for positioning the linear sample can be selectively set on the first front clamping plate 213 and the first rear clamping plate 212 to achieve accurate positioning and clamping of the sample between the first rear clamping plate 212 and the first front clamping plate 213 to avoid sliding or deflection of the sample; wherein the extension direction of the V-shaped groove is consistent with the vertical direction. Of course, other positions on the first front clamping plate 213 and the first rear clamping plate 212 can be set as a plane part to achieve clamping of the plate-shaped sample; of course, a rough structure can also be set on the plane part to achieve stable and reliable clamping of the plate-shaped sample; wherein the rough structure can be set as regularly arranged or randomly arranged protrusions / grooves.

[0092] Combination Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, according to another embodiment of the present invention, the first sample clamp 21 includes: a first fixed seat 211, a first rear clamping plate 212 arranged at the lower side of the first fixed seat 211, a first front clamping plate 213 detachably connected to the first rear clamping plate 212, a first rotating rod 214, and a first stopper 215; wherein the first rear clamping plate 212 is provided with a first mounting hole 212a, and the first mounting hole 212a is provided with a first mounting groove for mounting the first stopper 215; the first mounting hole 212a can penetrate the first rear clamping plate 212, and the first mounting hole 212a is a T-shaped hole, wherein the part with a larger hole diameter is located at the side where the first rear clamping plate 212 and the first front clamping plate 213 are connected, and the first mounting groove is arranged at a position where the radial dimension of the first mounting hole 212a changes, so that the first stopper 215 can be conveniently installed, and specifically, the first stopper 215 can be fixedly installed in the first mounting groove by a threaded connection method, so as to limit the rotation of the first rotating rod 214.

[0093] In this embodiment, one end of the first rotating rod 214 is rotatably connected to the first mounting hole 212a, and a first limiting groove for cooperating with the first limiting member 215 is provided at a position of the first rotating rod 214 corresponding to the first mounting groove; wherein the first rotating rod 214 can be set as a stepped shaft, which includes: a front shaft body, an intermediate shaft body and a rear shaft body; wherein the radial dimension of the intermediate shaft body is greater than the radial dimension of other parts. In this embodiment, the rear shaft body is rotatably connected to the small diameter part of the first mounting hole 212a, and the intermediate shaft body is installed in the large diameter part of the first mounting hole 212a, and the radial dimension of the intermediate shaft body is smaller than the large diameter part of the first mounting hole 212a, so that there is a certain space between the intermediate shaft body and the first mounting hole 212a, so as to facilitate the first rotating rod 214 to rotate and curl and store the sample.

[0094] In this embodiment, the first front clamping plate 213 is provided with a second mounting hole 213a, so as to be rotatably connected to the other end of the first rotating rod 214 through the second mounting hole 213a; specifically, the second mounting hole 213a is rotatably connected to the front axis of the second mounting hole 213a, and then the first front clamping plate 213 is mounted on the first rear clamping plate 212 by using a threaded connecting part, so that the first rotating rod 214 can be reliably restricted between the first front clamping plate 213 and the first front clamping plate 213, so as to facilitate the accurate rotation of the first rotating rod 214.

[0095] In this embodiment, the first rear clamping plate 212 is provided with a first sample channel 212b for the sample to pass through, and the first sample channel 212b is connected to the first mounting hole 212a; the first rotating rod 214 is provided with a first sample fixing hole 214a for fixing the end of the sample; specifically, the first sample channel 212b is provided in the vertical direction, and the first sample channel 212b is connected to the large diameter part of the first mounting hole 212a, and the first sample fixing hole 214a is provided on the middle shaft of the first rotating rod 214. To facilitate the installation of the sample, in the axial direction of the first rotating rod 214, the positions of the first rotating rod 214 and the first sample fixing hole 214a are consistent, and then by rotating the first rotating rod 214, the first sample fixing hole 214a is made to face the first sample channel 212b, and then the sample can be inserted into the first sample fixing hole 214a along the first sample channel 212b. Furthermore, by rotating the first rotating rod 214, the sample can be curled and stored to achieve fixation of the sample end and adjustment of the sample installation length.

[0096] In this embodiment, along the circumference of the intermediate shaft, a plurality of first sample fixing holes 214a may be arranged at equal intervals, and the plurality of first sample fixing holes 214a are interconnected, so as to facilitate the insertion of the sample end and achieve stable fixation of the sample end. Furthermore, a hollow through hole penetrating both ends of the axial direction may be further arranged at the center position of the first rotating rod 214, so that the end position of the sample inserted into the first rotating rod 214 can be conveniently observed, so as to effectively improve the flexibility of sample installation. In this embodiment, along the radial direction of the first rotating rod 214, the opening area of ​​the first sample fixing hole 214a on the outer surface may be larger than the aperture at the center position, and the aperture of the first sample fixing hole 214a at the center position is at least equal to the diameter of the end of the sample, so that the first sample fixing hole 214a presents a gradually decreasing diameter, and can facilitate the insertion and fixation of the sample.

[0097] In this embodiment, the first limiting member 215 can adopt a spring sheet, and the first limiting groove can be set as an inclined groove whose side abuts against the end of the first limiting member 215. Then, when the first rotating rod 214 is rotated in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction, the first limiting member 215 can abut against the first limiting groove, thereby effectively preventing the first rotating rod 214 from retreating in the reverse direction.

[0098] The above arrangement facilitates quick installation of the specimen and avoids clamping the end of the specimen directly, thereby preventing the clamping force from being difficult to control and causing damage to the specimen clamping position, which affects the entire test process.

[0099] In another embodiment, the first position-limiting member 215 can also be movably installed in the first mounting groove, so as to conveniently adjust the position of the first position-limiting member 215, so as to facilitate the removal of the sample after the test is completed; specifically, a lifting seat for installing the first position-limiting member 215 is provided in the first mounting groove, and the lifting seat is slidably connected with the first mounting groove to achieve the adjustment of the position in the vertical direction. Furthermore, in order to achieve the lifting and lowering control of the first position-limiting member 215, a driving screw can be further provided, wherein the driving screw is threadedly connected with the lifting seat, and the driving screw is inserted into the first rear clamping plate 212 to achieve the rotation with the first rear clamping plate 212, and then the vertical position of the lifting seat can be adjusted by rotating the driving screw. In this embodiment, the first position-limiting member 215 is tilted relative to the lifting seat, so as to facilitate the rotation of the first rotating rod 214.

[0100] Through the above arrangement, reliable fixation of the sample can be achieved conveniently and flexibly. In particular, the curling and fixation of the sample by rotation can effectively avoid damage to the sample caused by the fixation and clamping of the sample. Furthermore, after the test is completed, the sample can be easily removed by rotating or pulling the sample in the opposite direction, so as to achieve rapid and effective sample disassembly.

[0101] Through the above arrangement, the method of fixing the end of the specimen by curling can effectively ensure the consistency of the clamping and fixing state each time the specimen is clamped, which can effectively avoid the high requirement of controlling the clamping force when plate clamping is used, and effectively simplify the complexity of the clamping process.

[0102] Through the above arrangement, the method of fixing the ends of the sample by curling can also achieve accurate adjustment of the sample position during the sample marking process, thereby making the measurement of its position change in the experiment more convenient and accurate.

[0103] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the second sample clamp 22 includes: a first connection seat 221, a second rear clamping plate 222 disposed on the first connection seat 221, a second front clamping plate 223 detachably connected to the second rear clamping plate 222, and a load hook 224 connected to the first connection seat 221; in this embodiment, the first connection seat 221, the second rear clamping plate 222 and the second front clamping plate 223 are respectively metal materials, such as stainless steel materials; wherein the second rear clamping plate 222 and the first connection seat 221 are fixedly connected to each other, such as welding, riveting or integrally arranged. In this embodiment, the second rear clamping plate 222 and the second front clamping plate 223 are connected by a threaded connector, wherein a threaded connection hole is provided on the second rear clamping plate 222, and a through hole corresponding to the threaded connection hole is provided on the second front clamping plate 223, and then the threaded connector can pass through the through hole to achieve connection with the threaded connection hole, thereby fixing the second front clamping plate 223 to achieve the clamping effect on the sample.

[0104] In this embodiment, the second sample clamp 22 can also selectively set a V-shaped groove for positioning the linear sample on the second rear clamping plate 222 and the second front clamping plate 223, so as to achieve accurate positioning and clamping of the sample between the second rear clamping plate 222 and the second front clamping plate 223, so as to avoid sliding or deflecting of the sample, and play a role in accurately positioning and fixing the two ends of the sample; wherein, the extension direction of the V-shaped groove is consistent with the vertical direction. Of course, other positions on the second rear clamping plate 222 and the second front clamping plate 223 can be set as a plane part to achieve clamping of the plate-shaped sample; of course, a rough structure can also be set on the plane part to achieve stable and reliable clamping of the plate-shaped sample; wherein, the rough structure can be set as regularly arranged or randomly arranged protrusions / grooves.

[0105] Combination Fig. 9 , Fig.10 and Fig.11As shown, according to another embodiment of the present invention, the second sample clamp 22 includes: a first connection seat 221, a second rear clamping plate 222 arranged on the first connection seat 221, a second front clamping plate 223 detachably connected to the second rear clamping plate 222, a load hook 224 connected to the first connection seat 221, a second rotating rod 225, and a second stopper 226; wherein the first connection seat 221, the second rear clamping plate 222 and the second front clamping plate 223 are respectively metal material parts, for example, stainless steel material parts; wherein the second rear clamping plate 222 and the first connection seat 221 are fixedly connected to each other, for example, by welding, riveting or integral arrangement. In this embodiment, the second rear clamping plate 222 and the second front clamping plate 223 are connected by a threaded connection member, wherein a threaded connection hole is provided on the second rear clamping plate 222, and a through hole corresponding to the threaded connection hole is provided on the second front clamping plate 223, and then the threaded connection member can pass through the through hole to achieve connection with the threaded connection hole, thereby achieving fixation of the second front clamping plate 223.

[0106] In this embodiment, a second mounting hole 22a is provided between the connection positions of the first connecting seat 221, the second rear clamping plate 222 and the second front clamping plate 223, and a second mounting groove for installing the second limiting member 226 is provided in the second mounting hole 22a; specifically, the second rear clamping plate 222 is provided perpendicular to the first connecting seat 221, and the center of gravity axis of the second mounting hole 22a coincides with the boundary line of the connection position between the second rear clamping plate 222 and the first connecting seat 221, and further, 3 / 4 of the second mounting hole 22a is provided at the position where the first connecting seat 221 and the second rear clamping plate 222 are connected, and 1 / 4 of the second mounting hole 22a is provided at the position where the second front clamping plate 223 is connected to the first connecting seat 221 and the second rear clamping plate 222, so that after the installation of the second front clamping plate 223 and the second rear clamping plate 222 is completed, the construction of the entire second mounting hole 22a can be realized.

[0107] In this embodiment, the second mounting hole 22a is a stepped hole, which passes through the opposite ends of the second sample fixture 22, and the middle position thereof is radially enlarged; the second mounting hole 22a is provided to facilitate the positioning and installation of the second rotating rod 225. In this embodiment, the second rotating rod 225 includes: a rotating shaft 225a, and a rotating sleeve 225b coaxially sleeved with the rotating shaft 225a; wherein the rotating sleeve 225b is installed at the middle position of the rotating shaft 225a in a nested manner, specifically, an engaging groove is provided on the inner side of the rotating sleeve 225b, and an elongated engaging protrusion is provided on the outer side of the rotating shaft 225a, and then, along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 225a, the rotating sleeve 225b can be installed on the rotating shaft 225a in a coaxial plug-in manner, and of course, the provided engaging protrusion and the engaging groove are matched and connected to achieve synchronous rotation of the rotating shaft 225a and the rotating sleeve 225b. Furthermore, in order to achieve the axial positioning of the rotating sleeve 225b on the rotating shaft 225a, a limiter can be further provided between the rotating sleeve 225b and the rotating shaft 225a, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the position of the rotating sleeve 225b; wherein, the limiter can be provided as a threaded connector to fix the rotating sleeve 225b and the rotating shaft 225a, or a spring ball structure embedded in the rotating shaft 225a can be adopted, and correspondingly, a groove for embedding the ball in the spring ball structure is also provided at the corresponding position on the inner side of the rotating sleeve 225b, so as to achieve the interlocking positioning.

[0108] In this embodiment, the axial length of the rotating sleeve 225b is consistent with the axial length of the middle position of the second mounting hole 22a, thereby accurately limiting the position of the rotating sleeve 225b, thereby fully ensuring accurate installation of the sample end.

[0109] By setting the second rotating rod 225 in a detachable manner, the rotating sleeve 225b can be conveniently inserted from the notch position to the middle position of the second mounting hole 22a, wherein the radial dimension of the middle position of the second mounting hole 22a is greater than the outer diameter of the rotating sleeve 225b, and the installation of the second mounting hole 22a can be facilitated by controlling the radial dimension of the middle position of the second mounting hole 22a, and the rotating shaft 225a is inserted into the second mounting hole 22a based on the axial direction of the second mounting hole 22a, and is installed with the rotating sleeve 225b during the insertion process. Since the position where the first connecting seat 221 and the second rear clamping plate 222 are connected forms 3 / 4 of the second mounting hole 22a, it can limit the second rotating rod 225, effectively ensuring stable and reliable installation.

[0110] In this embodiment, the second mounting groove is arranged at the position where the second mounting hole 22a is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 225a, wherein, in order to facilitate reliable restriction of the rotating shaft 225a with a longer length, a plurality of second mounting grooves can be arranged in the axial direction of the second mounting hole 22a, so as to facilitate corresponding installation of the second limiting member 226. In this embodiment, the second limiting member 226 is fixedly installed in the second mounting groove, so as to limit the rotation of the second rotating rod 225.

[0111] In this embodiment, a second limiting groove for cooperating with the second limiting member 226 is provided at a position of the second rotating rod 225 corresponding to the second installation groove; the second limiting groove is provided to achieve abutment and limiting with the second limiting member 226.

[0112] In this embodiment, a second sample channel 22b for the sample to pass through is provided between the second rear clamping plate 222 and the second front clamping plate 223, and the second sample channel 22b is connected to the second mounting hole 22a; specifically, the second sample channel 22b has two parts, which are respectively located on the opposite sides of the second rear clamping plate 222 and the second front clamping plate 223, and the second sample channel 22b can be formed by connecting the second rear clamping plate 222 and the second front clamping plate 223. The second sample channel 22b is arranged in the vertical direction, and can be connected to the middle part of the second mounting hole 22a. Furthermore, the second rotating rod 225 is provided with a second sample fixing hole 2251 for fixing the end of the sample. Specifically, to facilitate the installation of the sample, the position of the second sample fixing hole 2251 is consistent with the position of the second sample channel 22b along the axial direction of the second rotating rod 225. Then, the second sample fixing hole 2251 can be adjusted to be aligned with the second sample channel 22b by rotating the second rotating rod 225, so that the sample can be inserted from the second sample channel 22b and inserted into the second sample fixing hole 2251 conveniently. After the insertion of the end of the sample is completed, the second rotating rod 225 can be rotated to curl and store the sample, so as to fix the end of the sample and adjust the installation length of the sample.

[0113] In this embodiment, along the circumference of the second rotating rod 225, a plurality of second sample fixing holes 2251 may be arranged at equal intervals, and the plurality of second sample fixing holes 2251 may be interconnected, thereby facilitating the insertion of the sample end and achieving stable fixation of the sample end. Furthermore, a hollow through hole penetrating both axial ends of the second rotating rod 225 may be further arranged at the center position of the second rotating rod 225, so that the end position of the sample inserted into the second rotating rod 225 can be conveniently observed, thereby effectively improving the flexibility of sample installation. In this embodiment, along the radial direction of the second rotating rod 225, the opening area of ​​the second sample fixing hole 2251 on the outer surface may be larger than the aperture at the center position, and the aperture of the second sample fixing hole 2251 at the center position is at least equal to the end diameter of the sample, so that the second sample fixing hole 2251 presents a gradually decreasing diameter, and can facilitate the insertion and fixation of the sample.

[0114] In this embodiment, the second limit member 226 can adopt a spring sheet, and the second limit groove can be set as an inclined groove whose side abuts against the end of the second limit member 226. Then, when the second rotating rod 225 is rotated in the clockwise or counterclockwise direction, the second limit member 226 can be abutted against the second limit groove, thereby effectively preventing the second limit member 226 from retreating in the reverse direction.

[0115] The above arrangement facilitates quick installation of the specimen and avoids clamping the end of the specimen directly, thereby preventing the clamping force from being difficult to control and causing damage to the specimen clamping position, which affects the entire test process.

[0116] In another embodiment, the second position-limiting member 226 can also be movably installed in the second installation groove, so as to conveniently adjust the position of the second position-limiting member 226, so as to facilitate the removal of the sample after the test is completed; specifically, a lifting seat for installing the second position-limiting member 226 is provided in the second installation groove, and the lifting seat is slidably connected with the second installation groove to achieve the adjustment of the position in the vertical direction. Further, in order to achieve the lifting control of the second position-limiting member 226, a driving screw can be further provided, wherein a wedge block is provided at the front end of the driving screw, and the wedge block has a first inclined surface, and correspondingly, a second inclined surface matching the first inclined surface on the wedge block is also provided on the lower side of the lifting seat, so that the position of the wedge block can be adjusted in the horizontal direction by rotating the driving screw, that is, the position of the second position-limiting member 226 can be adjusted in the vertical direction by the matched inclined surface. In particular, in order to facilitate the stable movement of the wedge block, the driving screw can be threadedly connected with the wedge block, and the driving screw is rotatably connected with the first connection seat 221. In this embodiment, the second limiting member 226 is arranged to be inclined relative to the wedge block, thereby facilitating the rotation of the first rotating rod 214 .

[0117] Through the above arrangement, reliable fixation of the sample can be achieved conveniently and flexibly. In particular, the curling and fixation of the sample by rotation can effectively avoid damage to the sample caused by the fixation and clamping of the sample. Furthermore, after the test is completed, the sample can be easily removed by rotating or pulling the sample in the opposite direction, so as to achieve rapid and effective sample disassembly.

[0118] Through the above arrangement, the method of fixing the end of the specimen by curling can effectively ensure the consistency of the clamping and fixing state each time the specimen is clamped, which can effectively avoid the high requirement of controlling the clamping force when plate clamping is used, and effectively simplify the complexity of the clamping process.

[0119] Through the above arrangement, the method of fixing the ends of the sample by curling can also achieve accurate adjustment of the sample position during the sample marking process, thereby making the measurement of its position change in the experiment more convenient and accurate.

[0120] Combination Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 7 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the vertical sliding seat 23 includes: two sliding components 231 arranged side by side, and a displacement constraint rod 232 connected to the sliding components 231; in this embodiment, the sliding direction of the sliding component 231 is consistent with the vertical direction to achieve accurate limitation of the sliding direction of the second sample fixture 22.

[0121] In this embodiment, the second sample fixture 22 is connected to the displacement constraint rod 232; wherein, the second sample fixture 22 is specifically connected to the displacement constraint rod 232 through the first connection seat 221. In this embodiment, a horizontal connection channel arranged in the horizontal direction is provided on the first connection seat 221, so as to achieve the sleeve connection with the displacement constraint rod 232 through the horizontal connection channel. In this embodiment, in order to ensure the reliable and stable installation position of the second sample fixture 22 and the displacement constraint rod 232, a locking member such as a locking screw can be provided on the first connection seat 221 to ensure the accuracy of the installation direction and position thereof, so as to ensure the accuracy of the test results.

[0122] In this embodiment, in order to achieve reliable installation of the first connecting seat 221 and the displacement constraint rod 232, the cross-sectional shape of the horizontal connecting channel on the first connecting seat 221 can be further set to a regular shape such as a triangle or a rectangle, and accordingly, the position on the displacement constraint rod 232 connected to the horizontal connecting channel is also set to match, thereby achieving accurate limitation of the installation direction and position of the first connecting seat 221.

[0123] In this embodiment, the sliding assembly 231 includes: a guide rail shaft 231a, a position fixing seat 231b respectively arranged at opposite ends of the guide rail shaft 231a, a sliding sleeve 231c slidably connected to the guide rail shaft 231a, and a guide rail limiter 231d connected to the sliding sleeve 231c; in this embodiment, the guide rail shaft 231a is arranged in the vertical direction, and it can be set as a stainless steel round shaft, and its surface is smooth, so as to reduce its sliding friction. In this embodiment, the position fixing seat 231b is connected to the thermal insulation support unit 1 through a threaded connector. In this embodiment, the sliding sleeve 231c can be a copper sleeve, wherein the wall surface of the sliding sleeve 231c can be set with a hollow structure, and a carbon filler can be set in the hollow structure to effectively reduce the sliding friction of the sliding sleeve 231c, which is more beneficial to improving the measurement accuracy of the present invention.

[0124] In this embodiment, the guide rail stopper 231d is coaxially arranged with the sliding sleeve 231c, wherein the guide rail stopper 231d can be made of stainless steel material, for example, the guide rail stopper 231d can be arranged as a square plate, which is connected to the upper end of the sliding sleeve 231c by a threaded connector. In this embodiment, the guide rail stopper 231d can be locked or unlocked with the guide rail shaft 231a, when the guide rail stopper 231d is locked with the guide rail shaft 231a, the sliding sleeve 231c can be kept in a fixed position on the guide rail shaft 231a, and when the guide rail stopper 231d is unlocked with the guide rail shaft 231a, the sliding sleeve 231c can be freely slid on the guide rail shaft 231a. The guide rail stopper 231d can be conveniently fixed to the position of the second sample fixture 22, so as to adapt to the installation of the sample, and effectively ensure the flexibility of use of the present invention.

[0125] In this embodiment, the end of the displacement restraining rod 232 is connected to the guide rail limiter 231d.

[0126] Combination Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the guide rail limiter 231d is provided with an end limit seat 231d1 for fixing the displacement constraint rod 232; in this embodiment, the end limit seat 231d1 can be set as a long strip structure, and its opposite ends are detachably connected to the lower side of the guide rail limiter 231d by threaded connectors. In this embodiment, a limit installation groove for matching the end of the displacement constraint rod 232 can be set in the middle position of the end limit seat 231d1, wherein, in order to ensure the stable installation of the displacement constraint rod 232 and prevent it from rotating, the cross-sectional shape of the limit installation groove can be set (such as a rectangle, a triangle), and accordingly, the end of the displacement constraint rod 232 needs to be matched with the cross-sectional shape of the limit installation groove to achieve accurate installation positioning.

[0127] Furthermore, a limiting structure (such as a raised groove structure, etc.) for preventing the displacement constraint rod 232 from axial displacement may be further provided between the displacement constraint rod 232 and the limiting installation groove, so as to more reliably achieve a stable and reliable installation position of the displacement constraint rod 232.

[0128] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the heat preservation support unit 1 includes: a bottom support 11, a column 12 vertically arranged on the bottom support 11, a top plate 13 connected to the upper end of the column 12, a back plate 14, a front panel 15 and a side plate 16 connected to the column 12. Among them, the top plate 13, the back plate 14 and the side plate 16 are heat preservation and heat insulation plates respectively; the front panel 15 is a heat preservation glass plate. In this embodiment, the first sample fixture 21 is detachably connected to the lower side of the top plate 13; the vertical sliding seat 23 and the displacement measurement assembly 24 are arranged on one side of the back plate 14.

[0129] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the top plate 13 is provided with a window 131 penetrating the body thereof, and a transparent heat-insulating sealing plate that can be opened and closed is connected to the window 131. In this embodiment, the first sample fixture 21 is installed on the side of the top plate 13 adjacent to the back plate 14, wherein the edge of the window 131 can be adjacent to the position where the first sample fixture 21 is installed on the top plate 13, and thus, the first sample fixture 21 can be conveniently disassembled and adjusted through the provided window 131, which effectively improves the convenience of disassembly, assembly and adjustment of the first sample fixture 21.

[0130] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the bottom support 11 includes: a rectangular frame 111, and a bottom plate 112 detachably connected to the rectangular frame 111; in this embodiment, the rectangular frame 111 is installed by splicing aluminum profiles with each other, and then, the bottom plate 112 can be installed on the rectangular frame 111 by using threaded connectors. In this embodiment, the column 12 is detachably connected to the bottom plate 112, and a plurality of columns 12 are arranged in a rectangular array on the bottom plate 112. Among them, the column 12 is also fixed to the bottom plate 112 by threaded connectors. In this embodiment, four columns 12 are provided. In this embodiment, the column 12 is made of aluminum profiles. The above-mentioned arrangement effectively ensures the reliability of the structure while effectively reducing the weight of the entire device.

[0131] In this embodiment, the bottom plate 112 includes: an aluminum alloy plate body and a heat insulation layer arranged on the lower side of the aluminum alloy plate body; wherein the rectangular frame 111 is an aluminum profile frame.

[0132] Combination Figure 2 and Fig.12 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the temperature control unit 3 includes: a temperature sensor 31, a heater 32 and a temperature controller 33; wherein the temperature sensor 31 is installed on the lower side of the top plate 13, and the heater 32 is installed on the upper side of the bottom support 11; in this embodiment, in the heat preservation support unit 1, the temperature sensor 31 and the heater 32 are arranged at diagonal positions; the temperature controller 33 is arranged outside the heat preservation support unit 1. In this embodiment, the temperature sensor 31 and the heater 32 are connected to the temperature controller 33 respectively.

[0133] Through the above-mentioned arrangement, the temperature sensor 31 and the heater 32 are arranged diagonally in space so that the temperature sensor 31 and the heater 32 are spaced farther apart, thereby being able to fully detect the temperature at a position far away from the heater 32, thereby being able to conveniently and accurately detect the temperature in the entire device, thereby ensuring the accuracy and effectiveness of the entire test process.

[0134] like Fig.13 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, a thermomechanical coupling test device for shape memory materials of the present invention further includes: a loading unit 4 in the heat preservation support unit 1; wherein the loading unit 4 includes: a loading hook 41, a loading traction rope 42, a loading wheel 43, a wheel bracket 44 and a loading motor 45. In this embodiment, the loading motor 45 is mounted on the bottom support 11, and the bottom support 11 is mounted on the loading motor 45 or the bottom support 11. Further, one end of the loading traction rope 42 is connected to the loading hook 41, and the other end is connected to the loading wheel 43; further, the loading motor 45 is connected to the loading wheel 43, and is used to drive the loading wheel 43 to rotate, so that the loading traction rope 42, the loading hook 41 and the load hook 224 can be pulled in sequence to achieve the corresponding loading effect.

[0135] Combination Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 7As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the displacement measuring component 24 is a magnetic grid component or a grating component; wherein, if the displacement measuring component 24 is a magnetic grid component, it includes: a magnetic grid scale 241 and a magnetic grid scale reader 242; specifically, the magnetic grid scale 241 is fixed on the back plate 14, and the magnetic grid scale reader 242 is installed on the second sample fixture 22; wherein, the magnetic grid scale 241 can be fixed on the back plate 14 by a threaded connector or an adhesive fixation method, and the magnetic grid scale reader 242 is fixed on the second sample fixture 22 by a threaded connector, and the magnetic grid scale reader 242 is arranged adjacent to the magnetic grid scale 241 so that the magnetic grid scale reader 242 can conveniently read the corresponding scale information from the magnetic grid scale 241. Similarly, if the displacement measurement component 24 is a grating component, it includes: a grating ruler 241 and a grating scale reader 242; specifically, the grating ruler 241 is fixed on the back plate 14, and the grating scale reader 242 is installed on the second sample fixture 22. The grating ruler 241 can be fixed on the back plate 14 by a threaded connector or adhesively fixed, and the grating scale reader 242 is fixed on the second sample fixture 22 by a threaded connector, and the grating scale reader 242 is arranged adjacent to the grating ruler 241 so that the grating scale reader 242 can conveniently read the corresponding scale information from the grating ruler 241.

[0136] To further illustrate this scheme, the experimental process of the present invention is further described.

[0137] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the thermomechanical coupling test device of the present invention can realize the three test requirements of the tensile test, relaxation test and creep test of the sample, and the execution process of the device when used includes the following steps:

[0138] Step 1: Complete the design of thermal test conditions, setting and checking of temperature and loading control programs in the test preparation stage; among them, check the basic conditions of the temperature control unit 3 and whether the equipment is intact. After confirmation, import the expected temperature change program into the control system of the temperature control unit 3 according to the test plan;

[0139] Step 2: Mark and install the shape memory alloy material, and record various parameters in the initial state. Among them, mark the range of the shape memory material to be tested, mark the upper and lower marks on the material according to actual needs, avoid the two ends and select a specific length near the middle as the section to be tested, and confirm that the shape memory material has no unexpected deformation. After confirmation, clamp the upper and lower ends of the shape memory material with the first sample fixture 21 and the second sample fixture 22 respectively.

[0140] Step three: install the sample on the measuring unit 2 , assemble the thermal insulation support unit 1 , and connect the loading unit 4 to the measuring unit 2 .

[0141] Step 4: Start the test and record the process data. The temperature control unit 3 is started, and the temperature in the temperature control unit 3 changes according to the set temperature change program. When the ambient temperature stabilizes to each set temperature, the position data of the displacement measurement component 24 is recorded, and the actual deformation amount of the shape memory material can be obtained by subtracting it from the initial state data.

[0142] Step 5: Removal of the test device and replacement of the sample. After completing a set of test conditions, wait until the temperature in the thermal insulation support unit 1 returns to room temperature, remove the test device or replace the shape memory material as needed to conduct the next round of tests.

[0143] The specific steps are as follows:

[0144] When conducting a tensile test:

[0145] Set the temperature program and loading conditions according to the test plan. Check the basic conditions of the thermal coupling test device to determine whether each device and component is intact. After confirmation, import the expected temperature change program into the temperature controller according to the test plan, and import the expected load change conditions into the control software of the loading motor group;

[0146] Specimen marking and installation. Mark the test range of the specimen, mark the upper and lower marks on the material according to actual needs, avoid the two ends and select a specific length near the middle as the test section, and confirm that the shape memory material has no unexpected deformation. After confirmation, clamp the upper and lower ends of the shape memory material with the first specimen fixture 21 and the second specimen fixture 22 respectively, and record the displacement data of the initial state after the tested specimen and the device are stable.

[0147] Complete the sealing of the thermal insulation support unit 1. After checking that the first sample fixture 21, the second sample fixture 22, the vertical sliding seat 23, the displacement measurement assembly 24 and the loading unit 4 are securely installed, the thermal insulation support unit 1 is sealed to form a closed thermal insulation space, wherein a counterweight can be added to the bottom of the thermal insulation support unit 1 as needed to make the thermal coupling test device stable and not shaken.

[0148] Start the temperature control unit 3 and the loading unit 4, start the test and record the data. Start the temperature control unit 3 and the loading unit 4, the internal temperature of the thermal insulation support unit 1 changes according to the set temperature change program, and the corresponding load is applied to the sample according to the set load condition. When the ambient temperature stabilizes to each set temperature, the displacement measurement component 24 will record the current position, and the actual deformation of the shape memory material can be obtained by subtracting it from the initial state data.

[0149] Replacement of specimens or withdrawal of test equipment: After a set of tests is completed, wait for the temperature in the thermal insulation support unit 1 to return to room temperature, and replace the specimens as needed to conduct the next round of tests or withdraw the test equipment.

[0150] When performing a relaxation test:

[0151] Set the temperature program according to the test plan. Use the steps similar to the tensile test to set the temperature program. No loading is required, so there is no need to connect the load hook 224 and the load hook 41, and there is no need to set the loading program;

[0152] Specimen marking and installation: As with the tensile test, the test specimen is installed in the thermal-mechanical coupling test device.

[0153] Use the guide rail limiter 231d to apply constant strain to the sample under test. Tighten the guide rail limiters 231d on both sides so that the sleeve 231c is fixed on the guide rail shaft 231a, and apply constant strain to the sample under test;

[0154] Complete the sealing of the thermal insulation support unit 1. As in the tensile test, a closed and heat-insulated space is formed inside the device;

[0155] Start the temperature control unit 3, record the test start time and detect the relaxation process. Start the temperature control unit 3, the temperature inside the device changes according to the set temperature change program, and the stress or strain change of the sample is measured and recorded within a certain time interval;

[0156] Replacement of specimens or withdrawal of test equipment: After a set of tests is completed, wait for the temperature in the thermal insulation support unit 1 to return to room temperature, and replace the specimens as needed to conduct the next round of tests or withdraw the test equipment.

[0157] When conducting creep tests:

[0158] Set the temperature program and loading conditions according to the test plan. Use similar steps to set the temperature program and constant loading conditions as for the tensile test;

[0159] Specimen marking and installation. As with the tensile test, the material to be tested is installed in the thermal-mechanical coupling test device and the initial parameters of the material to be tested are recorded;

[0160] The loading unit 4 is used to apply a constant stress to the material under test.

[0161] Complete the sealing of the thermal insulation support unit 1. As in the tensile test, a closed and heat-insulated space is formed inside the device;

[0162] Start the temperature control unit 3 and the loading unit 4, record the start time of the test and detect the relaxation process. Start the temperature control unit 3, and the temperature inside the thermal insulation support unit 1 changes according to the set temperature change program. Start the loading unit 4 to apply a constant stress to the test sample according to the set test conditions. Under the set stress and temperature, regularly measure and record the strain changes of the tested material;

[0163] Replacement of specimens or withdrawal of test equipment: After a set of tests is completed, wait for the temperature in the thermal insulation support unit 1 to return to room temperature, and replace the specimens as needed to conduct the next round of tests or withdraw the test equipment.

[0164] The above contents are merely examples of specific solutions of the present invention. For devices and structures not described in detail therein, it should be understood that they can be implemented by adopting general devices and general methods available in the art.

[0165] The above is only one solution of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A thermomechanical coupling test device for shape memory materials, characterized in that: include: A heat-insulating support unit (1), a measuring unit (2) mounted on the heat-insulating support unit (1), and a temperature control unit (3); The measuring unit (2) comprises: a first sample fixture (21), a second sample fixture (22), a vertical sliding seat (23) for supporting the second sample fixture (22), and a displacement measuring assembly (24) for measuring the sliding displacement of the second sample fixture (22); The first sample fixture (21) is installed on the top of the thermal insulation support unit (1); The vertical sliding seat (23) is installed on the side wall of the heat-insulating support unit (1); The second sample fixture (22) is located directly below the first sample fixture (21); The displacement measurement assembly (24) is respectively connected to the side wall of the heat-insulating support unit (1) and the second sample fixture (22).

2. The thermal coupling test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first sample clamp (21) comprises: a first fixing seat (211), a first rear clamping plate (212) arranged at the lower side of the first fixing seat (211), and a first front clamping plate (213) detachably connected to the first rear clamping plate (212); The second sample clamp (22) comprises: a first connecting seat (221), a second rear clamping plate (222) arranged on the first connecting seat (221), a second front clamping plate (223) detachably connected to the second rear clamping plate (222), and a load hook (224) connected to the first connecting seat (221); The first rear clamping plate (212) and the first front clamping plate (213) are used to clamp one end of the sample, and the second front clamping plate (223) and the second rear clamping plate (222) are used to clamp the other end of the sample.

3. The thermal coupling test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first sample clamp (21) comprises: a first fixing seat (211), a first rear clamping plate (212) arranged at the lower side of the first fixing seat (211), a first front clamping plate (213) detachably connected to the first rear clamping plate (212), a first rotating rod (214), and a first stopper (215); The first rear clamping plate (212) is provided with a first mounting hole (212a), and the first mounting hole (212a) is provided with a first mounting groove for mounting the first limiting member (215); The first limiting member (215) is installed in the first installation slot to limit the rotation of the first rotating rod (214); One end of the first rotating rod (214) is rotatably connected to the first mounting hole (212a), and a first limiting groove for matching with the first limiting member (215) is provided at a position of the first rotating rod (214) corresponding to the first mounting groove; The first front clamping plate (213) is provided with a second mounting hole (213a) so as to be rotatably connected to the other end of the first rotating rod (214) through the second mounting hole (213a); The first rear clamping plate (212) is provided with a first sample channel (212b) for the sample to pass through, and the first sample channel (212b) is connected to the first mounting hole (212a); The first rotating rod (214) is provided with a first sample fixing hole (214a) for fixing the end of the sample; The second sample clamp (22) comprises: a first connecting seat (221), a second rear clamping plate (222) arranged on the first connecting seat (221), a second front clamping plate (223) detachably connected to the second rear clamping plate (222), a load hook (224) connected to the first connecting seat (221), a second rotating rod (225), and a second limiting member (226); A second mounting hole (22a) is provided between the connection positions of the first connecting seat (221), the second rear clamping plate (222) and the second front clamping plate (223), and a second mounting groove for mounting the second limiting member (226) is provided in the second mounting hole (22a); The second limiting member (226) is fixedly installed in the second installation slot to limit the rotation of the second rotating rod (225); A second limiting groove for cooperating with the second limiting member (226) is provided at a position of the second rotating rod (225) corresponding to the second mounting groove; A second sample passage (22b) for the sample to pass through is provided between the second rear clamping plate (222) and the second front clamping plate (223), and the second sample passage (22b) is communicated with the second mounting hole (22a); The second rotating rod (225) is provided with a second sample fixing hole (2251) for fixing the end of the sample.

4. The thermal coupling test device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The vertical sliding seat (23) comprises: two sliding assemblies (231) arranged side by side, and a displacement restraining rod (232) connected to the sliding assemblies (231); The second sample fixture (22) is connected to the displacement constraint rod (232); The sliding assembly (231) comprises: a guide rail shaft (231a), position fixing seats (231b) respectively arranged at two opposite ends of the guide rail shaft (231a), a sliding sleeve (231c) slidably connected to the guide rail shaft (231a), and a guide rail stopper (231d) connected to the sliding sleeve (231c); The end of the displacement restraining rod (232) is connected to the guide rail limiter (231d); The guide rail shaft (231a) is arranged along the vertical direction.

5. The thermal coupling test device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The guide rail limiter (231d) is provided with an end limiting seat (231d1) for fixing the displacement restraining rod (232); The end limiting seat (231d1) is detachably connected to the guide rail limiter (231d).

6. The thermal coupling test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heat-insulating support unit (1) comprises: a bottom support (11), a column (12) vertically arranged on the bottom support (11), a top plate (13) connected to the upper end of the column (12), a back plate (14) connected to the column (12), a front panel (15) and a side plate (16); The top plate (13), the back plate (14) and the side plates (16) are respectively thermal insulation plates; The front panel (15) is a heat-insulating glass plate; The first sample fixture (21) is detachably connected to the lower side of the top plate (13); The vertical sliding seat (23) and the displacement measuring assembly (24) are arranged on the same side of the back plate (14); The upright column (12) is an aluminum profile.

7. The thermal coupling test device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top plate (13) is provided with a window (131) penetrating the main body thereof, and an openable and closable transparent heat-insulating sealing plate is connected to the window (131).

8. The thermal coupling test device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom support (11) comprises: a rectangular frame (111), and a bottom plate (112) detachably connected to the rectangular frame (111); The upright posts (12) are detachably connected to the base plate (112), and a plurality of the upright posts (12) are arranged in a rectangular array on the base plate (112); The bottom plate (112) comprises: an aluminum alloy plate body and a heat insulation layer arranged on the lower side of the aluminum alloy plate body; The rectangular frame (111) is an aluminum profile frame.

9. The thermal coupling test device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The temperature control unit (3) comprises: a temperature sensor (31), a heater (32) and a temperature controller (33); The temperature sensor (31) is installed on the lower side of the top plate (13), and the heater (32) is installed on the upper side of the bottom support (11); In the heat-insulating support unit (1), the temperature sensor (31) and the heater (32) are arranged at diagonal positions; The temperature controller (33) is arranged outside the heat-insulating support unit (1); The temperature sensor (31) and the heater (32) are respectively connected to the temperature controller (33).

10. The thermal coupling test device according to claim 9, characterized in that: Also includes: A loading unit (4) located in the heat-insulating support unit (1); The loading unit (4) comprises: a loading hook (41), a loading traction rope (42), a loading rotating wheel (43), a rotating wheel bracket (44) and a loading motor (45); The loading motor (45) is mounted on the bottom support (11). The bottom support (11) is mounted on the loading motor (45) or the bottom support (11); One end of the loading traction rope (42) is connected to the loading hook (41), and the other end is connected to the loading rotating wheel (43); The loading motor (45) is connected to the loading wheel (43) and is used to drive the loading wheel (43) to rotate; The displacement measurement component (24) is a magnetic grating component or a grating component; If the displacement measurement component (24) is a magnetic grid component, it comprises: a magnetic grid ruler (241) and a magnetic grid scale reader (242); The magnetic scale (241) is fixed on the back plate (14), and the magnetic scale reading head (242) is installed on the second sample fixture (22); If the displacement measurement component (24) is a grating component, it comprises: a grating ruler (241) and a grating scale reader (242); The grating ruler (241) is fixed on the back plate (14), and the grating scale reader (242) is installed on the second sample fixture (22).

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