A thermomechanical coupling test device for shape memory materials

Abstract

The present invention relates to a thermomechanical coupling test device for shape memory materials, comprising: a thermal insulation support unit, a measuring unit mounted on the thermal insulation support unit, and a temperature control unit; the measuring unit comprising: a first sample fixture, a second sample fixture, a vertical sliding seat for supporting the second sample fixture, and a displacement measuring assembly for measuring the sliding displacement of the second sample fixture; the first sample fixture is mounted on the top of the thermal insulation support unit; the vertical sliding seat is mounted on the side wall of the thermal insulation support unit; the second sample fixture is located directly below the first sample fixture; and the displacement measuring assembly is connected to the side wall of the thermal insulation support unit and the second sample fixture, respectively. The present invention can conveniently obtain deformation data of shape memory materials under complex thermomechanical coupling conditions in a simple and reliable manner.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of solid mechanics testing, and in particular to a thermomechanical coupling testing device for shape memory materials. Background Art

[0002] Shape memory materials, particularly shape memory alloys, have attracted widespread attention due to their unique shape memory effect. This effect allows a material to return from a preset temporary shape to its original design after undergoing a specific temperature change. This property makes shape memory materials potentially valuable for applications in a wide range of fields, including aerospace, biomedicine, and intelligent structures and systems.

[0003] However, in actual applications, shape memory materials often need to undergo complex thermomechanical coupling loading conditions. This means that shape memory materials are affected by temperature while bearing loads, and this coupling effect on shape memory materials is continuous and cyclical, significantly changing the material's performance and mechanical behavior. Only through testing can we fully and accurately obtain the material's performance under actual complex working conditions, provide data support for the construction of theoretical models, and provide a scientific basis for its future design and application. Therefore, conducting thermomechanical coupling experiments on shape memory materials is a crucial step in their research. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a thermomechanical coupling test device for shape memory materials.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides a thermomechanical coupling test device for shape memory materials, comprising: a heat-insulating support unit, a measuring unit mounted on the heat-insulating support unit, and a temperature control unit;

[0006] The measuring unit comprises: a first sample fixture, a second sample fixture, a vertical sliding seat for supporting the second sample fixture, and a displacement measuring assembly for measuring the sliding displacement of the second sample fixture;

[0007] The first sample fixture is installed on the top of the thermal insulation support unit;

[0008] The vertical sliding seat is installed on the side wall of the heat preservation support unit;

[0009] The second sample holder is located directly below the first sample holder;

[0010] The displacement measurement assembly is connected to the side wall of the heat-insulating support unit and the second sample fixture respectively.

[0011] According to one aspect of the present invention, the first specimen clamp comprises: a first fixing seat, a first rear clamping plate provided on the lower side of the first fixing seat, and a first front clamping plate detachably connected to the first rear clamping plate;

[0012] The second specimen grip comprises: a first connecting seat, a second rear clamping plate disposed on the first connecting seat, a second front clamping plate detachably connected to the second rear clamping plate, and a load hook connected to the first connecting seat;

[0013] The first rear clamping plate and the first front clamping plate are used to clamp one end of the sample, and the second front clamping plate and the second rear clamping plate are used to clamp the other end of the sample.

[0014] According to one aspect of the present invention, the first sample clamp includes: a first fixing seat, a first rear clamping plate arranged on the lower side of the first fixing seat, a first front clamping plate detachably connected to the first rear clamping plate, a first rotating rod, and a first limiting member;

[0015] The first rear clamping plate is provided with a first mounting hole, and the first mounting hole is provided with a first mounting groove for mounting the first limiting member;

[0016] The first limiting member is installed in the first installation slot to limit the rotation of the first rotating rod;

[0017] One end of the first rotating rod is rotatably connected to the first mounting hole, and a first limiting groove for cooperating with the first limiting member is provided at a position of the first rotating rod corresponding to the first mounting groove;

[0018] The first front splint is provided with a second mounting hole, so as to be rotatably connected to the other end of the first rotating rod through the second mounting hole;

[0019] The first rear clamping plate is provided with a first sample passage for the sample to pass through, and the first sample passage is connected to the first mounting hole;

[0020] The first rotating rod is provided with a first sample fixing hole for fixing the end of the sample;

[0021] The second specimen clamp comprises: a first connecting seat, a second rear clamping plate disposed on the first connecting seat, a second front clamping plate detachably connected to the second rear clamping plate, a load hook connected to the first connecting seat, a second rotating rod, and a second limiting member;

[0022] A second mounting hole is provided between the first connecting seat, the second rear clamping plate and the connecting position of the second front clamping plate, and a second mounting groove for mounting the second limiting member is provided in the second mounting hole;

[0023] The second limiting member is fixedly installed in the second installation slot to limit the rotation of the second rotating rod;

[0024] A second limiting groove for cooperating with the second limiting member is provided at a position of the second rotating rod corresponding to the second mounting groove;

[0025] A second sample passage for the sample to pass through is provided between the second rear clamping plate and the second front clamping plate, and the second sample passage is communicated with the second mounting hole;

[0026] The second rotating rod is provided with a second sample fixing hole for fixing the end of the sample.

[0027] According to one aspect of the present invention, the vertical sliding seat comprises: two sliding assemblies arranged side by side, a displacement constraint rod connected to the sliding assemblies;

[0028] The second sample fixture is connected to the displacement constraint rod;

[0029] The sliding assembly includes: a guide rail shaft, position fixing seats respectively provided at opposite ends of the guide rail shaft, a sliding sleeve slidably connected to the guide rail shaft, and a guide rail limiter connected to the sliding sleeve;

[0030] The end of the displacement restraining rod is connected to the guide rail limiter;

[0031] The guide rail axis is arranged in a vertical direction.

[0032] According to one aspect of the present invention, the guide rail limiter is provided with an end limiting seat for fixing the displacement constraint rod;

[0033] The end limiting seat is detachably connected to the guide rail limiter.

[0034] According to one aspect of the present invention, the heat preservation support unit includes: a bottom support, a column vertically arranged on the bottom support, a top plate connected to the upper end of the column, a back plate, a front plate and side plates connected to the column;

[0035] The top plate, the back plate and the side plates are respectively thermal insulation plates;

[0036] The front panel is a thermal insulation glass plate;

[0037] The first sample fixture is detachably connected to the lower side of the top plate;

[0038] The vertical sliding seat and the displacement measuring assembly are arranged on the same side of the back plate;

[0039] The columns are made of aluminum profiles.

[0040] According to one aspect of the present invention, the top plate is provided with a window penetrating the body thereof, and an openable and closable transparent heat-insulating sealing plate is connected to the window.

[0041] According to one aspect of the present invention, the bottom support comprises: a rectangular frame, a bottom plate detachably connected to the rectangular frame;

[0042] The columns are detachably connected to the base plate, and a plurality of the columns are arranged in a rectangular array on the base plate;

[0043] The bottom plate comprises: an aluminum alloy plate body and a heat insulation layer arranged on the lower side of the aluminum alloy plate body;

[0044] The rectangular frame is an aluminum profile frame.

[0045] According to one aspect of the present invention, the temperature control unit includes: a temperature sensor, a heater and a temperature controller;

[0046] The temperature sensor is mounted on the lower side of the top plate, and the heater is mounted on the upper side of the bottom support;

[0047] In the heat-insulating support unit, the temperature sensor and the heater are arranged at diagonal positions;

[0048] The temperature controller is arranged outside the heat preservation support unit;

[0049] The temperature sensor and the heater are respectively connected to the temperature controller.

[0050] According to one aspect of the present invention, the invention further comprises: a loading unit located within the heat-insulating support unit;

[0051] The loading unit includes: a loading hook, a loading traction rope, a loading wheel, a wheel bracket and a loading motor;

[0052] The loading motor is mounted on the bottom support.

[0053] The bottom support is mounted on the loading motor or the bottom support;

[0054] One end of the loading traction rope is connected to the loading hook, and the other end is connected to the loading wheel;

[0055] The loading motor is connected to the loading wheel and is used to drive the loading wheel to rotate;

[0056] The displacement measurement component is a magnetic grating component or a grating component;

[0057] If the displacement measurement component is a magnetic grid component, it includes: a magnetic grid scale and a magnetic grid scale reader;

[0058] The magnetic scale is fixed to the back plate, and the magnetic scale reading head is installed on the second sample fixture;

[0059] If the displacement measurement component is a grating component, it includes: a grating ruler and a grating scale reader;

[0060] The grating ruler is fixed on the back plate, and the grating scale reader is installed on the second sample fixture.

[0061] According to one solution of the present invention, the present invention can conveniently obtain deformation data of shape memory materials under complex thermal-mechanical coupling conditions in a simple and reliable manner.

[0062] According to one solution of the present invention, the cooperation between the first sample clamp and the second sample clamp can achieve effective clamping of filamentous, film, thin plate and other types of materials, thereby achieving a wider measurement range and improving the scope of application of the present invention.

[0063] According to one solution of the present invention, the vertical sliding seat is combined with the second sample fixture to effectively limit the displacement of the shape memory alloy material in the axial direction, thereby effectively ensuring the accuracy of the measurement.

[0064] According to one solution of the present invention, the vertical sliding seat of the present invention uses a copper sliding sleeve in conjunction with a stainless steel guide rail shaft to ensure that the friction during the sliding process is reduced to the greatest extent and reduce interference with the load.

[0065] According to one solution of the present invention, the structure of the present invention is relatively simple, easy to install, and easy to prepare before the test and maintain after the test, and has the advantages of low use and maintenance costs.

[0066] According to one solution of the present invention, the present invention solves the problem of thermomechanical coupling testing of shape memory materials. It realizes constant loading of different amplitudes by adding or removing weights. During the test, a temperature control unit is used to adjust the ambient temperature and further control the temperature of the test sample. The material deformation can be conveniently recorded using a measuring ruler. The correlation data between the deformation, load and temperature of the shape memory material under different thermal conditions can be effectively obtained. The present invention has the characteristics of strong adaptability to test objects, easy equipment installation, and simple adjustment of test conditions.

[0067] According to one solution of the present invention, the present invention can realize shape memory alloy wire, shape memory alloy sheet, shape memory alloy film, etc. as test objects by flexibly changing the first sample fixture and the second sample fixture, and can realize constant loading of different amplitudes by a motor or a weight. During the test, a temperature control unit is used to adjust the ambient temperature and further control the temperature of the object being tested, and a displacement measurement component is used to record the material deformation. The correlation data between the deformation amount, load, and temperature of the shape memory material under different thermal conditions can be effectively obtained; the invention has the advantages of strong adaptability to the test object, convenient equipment installation, and autonomous and controllable test conditions and easy adjustment, and has broad application prospects.

[0068] According to one solution of the present invention, the present invention can obtain deformation data of shape memory materials under complex thermomechanical coupling conditions in a simple and reliable manner, and can set a variety of different working conditions, integrating the three test functions of tension, relaxation and creep.

[0069] According to one solution of the present invention, the present invention utilizes the cooperation of the first sample clamp and the second sample clamp to achieve effective clamping of single or combined forms of filamentous, film, thin plate and other types of materials, effectively ensuring flexible and reliable clamping.

[0070] According to one solution of the present invention, the present invention has a simple structure, is easy to install, and is easy to prepare before and maintain after the test, and has the advantages of low use and maintenance costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0071] Figure 1 is a perspective view schematically showing a thermal coupling test device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 2 is a structural diagram schematically showing a thermal-mechanical coupling test device according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 3 is a structural diagram schematically showing a measurement unit according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 4 is a structural diagram schematically showing a first sample holder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0075] Figure 5 is a structural diagram schematically showing a first sample holder according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a first sample holder according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0077] Figure 7is a diagram schematically showing a combined structure of a second sample holder and a vertical sliding seat according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0078] Figure 8 is a diagram schematically showing a combined structure of a second sample fixture and a displacement restraining rod according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0079] Figure 9 is a structural diagram schematically showing a second sample holder according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0080] Figure 10 is a diagram schematically showing the internal structure of a second sample holder according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0081] Figure 11 is a partial cross-sectional view schematically showing the interior of a second sample holder according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0082] Figure 12 is a diagram schematically showing the arrangement of a temperature control unit according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0083] Figure 13 FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing the structure of a loading unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0084] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from these drawings without inventive effort.

[0085] When describing the embodiments of the present invention, the orientation or positional relationship expressed by the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the relevant drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above terms should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0086] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The embodiments cannot be described one by one here, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the following embodiments.

[0087] Combine Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, a thermomechanical coupling test device for shape memory materials of the present invention includes: a thermal insulation support unit 1, a measuring unit 2 installed on the thermal insulation support unit 1, and a temperature control unit 3; in this embodiment, the temperature control unit 3 is installed in the thermal insulation support unit 1, and the test environment of the shape memory material can be controlled by the set temperature control unit 3 to achieve accurate and reliable measurement process, wherein the temperature control program in the temperature control unit 3 can be pre-set according to the sample to be tested, which will not be repeated here.

[0088] In this embodiment, the measuring unit 2 includes: a first sample fixture 21, a second sample fixture 22, a vertical sliding seat 23 for supporting the second sample fixture 22, and a displacement measuring assembly 24 for measuring the sliding displacement of the second sample fixture 22. In this embodiment, the first sample fixture 21 is mounted on the top of the thermal insulation support unit 1, and the vertical sliding seat 23 is mounted on the side wall of the thermal insulation support unit 1. In this embodiment, the second sample fixture 22 is located directly below the first sample fixture 21, and the displacement measuring assembly 24 is connected to the side wall of the thermal insulation support unit 1 and the second sample fixture 22, respectively.

[0089] Combine Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the first specimen clamp 21 includes: a first fixing base 211, a first rear plate 212 disposed below the first fixing base 211, and a first front plate 213 detachably connected to the first rear plate 212. In this embodiment, the first fixing base 211, the first rear plate 212, and the first front plate 213 are each made of metal, such as stainless steel. The first rear plate 212 and the first fixing base 211 are fixedly connected to each other, such as by welding, riveting, or integrally formed. In this embodiment, the first front plate 213 is detachably connected to the first rear plate 212 using a threaded connector. The first rear plate 212 has a threaded connection hole, and the first front plate 213 has a through hole corresponding to the threaded connection hole. The threaded connector can pass through the through hole to connect with the threaded connection hole, thereby fixing the first front plate 213 and clamping the specimen.

[0090] In this embodiment, the threaded connectors for connecting the first front clamping plate 213 and the first rear clamping plate 212 can be arranged in two intervals, so that the sample can be fully clamped in the first sample clamp 21, ensuring that the connection of the clamping position is stable and reliable, and effectively avoiding disengagement during the test.

[0091] In this embodiment, one end of the specimen is clamped between the first rear plate 212 and the first front plate 213, while the other end of the specimen is clamped between the second front plate 223 and the second rear plate 222. In this embodiment, V-shaped grooves for positioning linear specimens can be optionally provided on the first front plate 213 and the first rear plate 212 in the first specimen holder 21. This allows for accurate positioning and clamping of the specimen between the first rear plate 212 and the first front plate 213 to prevent slippage or deflection. The V-shaped grooves extend in a vertical direction. Alternatively, flat surfaces can be provided at other locations on the first front plate 213 and the first rear plate 212 to clamp plate-shaped specimens. Furthermore, roughened structures can be provided on these flat surfaces to ensure stable and reliable clamping of plate-shaped specimens. The roughened structures can be provided in the form of regularly or randomly arranged protrusions / grooves.

[0092] Combine Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, according to another embodiment of the present invention, the first sample clamp 21 includes: a first fixing base 211, a first rear clamping plate 212 arranged at the lower side of the first fixing base 211, a first front clamping plate 213 detachably connected to the first rear clamping plate 212, a first rotating rod 214, and a first limiting member 215. The first rear clamping plate 212 is provided with a first mounting hole 212a, and the first mounting hole 212a is provided with a first mounting groove for mounting the first limiting member 215. The first mounting hole 212a can pass through the first rear clamping plate 212 and is a T-shaped hole. The larger portion of the hole is located on the side where the first rear clamping plate 212 and the first front clamping plate 213 are connected. The first mounting groove is provided at a position where the radial size of the first mounting hole 212a changes, thereby facilitating the installation of the first limiting member 215. Specifically, the first limiting member 215 can be fixedly mounted in the first mounting groove by a threaded connection to limit the rotation of the first rotating rod 214.

[0093] In this embodiment, one end of the first rotating rod 214 is rotatably connected to the first mounting hole 212a, and a first limiting groove for engaging with the first limiting member 215 is provided at a position on the first rotating rod 214 corresponding to the first mounting groove. The first rotating rod 214 can be configured as a stepped shaft, comprising a front shaft body, an intermediate shaft body, and a rear shaft body; the intermediate shaft body has a radial dimension greater than that of the other parts. In this embodiment, the rear shaft body is rotatably connected to the small diameter portion of the first mounting hole 212a, while the intermediate shaft body is mounted in the large diameter portion of the first mounting hole 212a. The intermediate shaft body has a smaller radial dimension than the large diameter portion of the first mounting hole 212a, thereby providing a certain space between the intermediate shaft body and the first mounting hole 212a, thereby facilitating the rotation of the first rotating rod 214 to curl and store the specimen.

[0094] In this embodiment, the first front clamping plate 213 is provided with a second mounting hole 213a, so as to be rotatably connected to the other end of the first rotating rod 214 through the second mounting hole 213a; specifically, the second mounting hole 213a is used to realize a rotational connection with the front axis of the second mounting hole 213a, and then the first front clamping plate 213 is mounted on the first rear clamping plate 212 by using a threaded connection. The first rotating rod 214 can be reliably restricted between the first front clamping plate 213 and the first front clamping plate 213, so as to facilitate the accurate rotation of the first rotating rod 214.

[0095] In this embodiment, the first rear clamping plate 212 is provided with a first sample passage 212b for the sample to pass through, and the first sample passage 212b is connected to the first mounting hole 212a; the first rotating rod 214 is provided with a first sample fixing hole 214a for fixing the end of the sample; specifically, the first sample passage 212b is provided in a vertical direction and is connected to the large diameter portion of the first mounting hole 212a, while the first sample fixing hole 214a is provided on the middle shaft of the first rotating rod 214. To facilitate the installation of the sample, in the axial direction of the first rotating rod 214, the position of the first rotating rod 214 is consistent with the first sample fixing hole 214a, and then by rotating the first rotating rod 214, the first sample fixing hole 214a is made to face the first sample channel 212b, and then the sample can be inserted into the first sample fixing hole 214a along the first sample channel 212b. Furthermore, by rotating the first rotating rod 214, the sample can be curled and stored to achieve the fixation of the sample end and the adjustment of the sample installation length.

[0096] In this embodiment, a plurality of first sample fixing holes 214a can be arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the intermediate shaft, and the plurality of first sample fixing holes 214a can be interconnected, thereby facilitating the insertion of the sample end and achieving stable fixation of the sample end. Furthermore, a hollow through-hole can be further provided at the center of the first rotating rod 214, extending through both axial ends thereof, thereby enabling convenient observation of the end position of the sample inserted into the first rotating rod 214, thereby effectively increasing the flexibility of sample installation. In this embodiment, along the radial direction of the first rotating rod 214, the opening area of ​​the first sample fixing hole 214a on the outer surface can be larger than the aperture at the center, and the aperture at the center of the first sample fixing hole 214a is at least equal to the diameter of the sample end, so that the first sample fixing hole 214a exhibits a gradually decreasing diameter, thereby facilitating the insertion and fixation of the sample.

[0097] In this embodiment, the first limiting member 215 can be a spring sheet, and the first limiting groove can be set as an inclined groove whose side abuts against the end of the first limiting member 215. Then, when the first rotating rod 214 is rotated in the clockwise or counterclockwise direction, the first limiting member 215 can be abutted against the first limiting groove, thereby effectively preventing the first rotating rod 214 from moving backward.

[0098] The above arrangement facilitates quick installation of the specimen and avoids direct clamping and fixing of the specimen ends, thereby preventing damage to the specimen clamping position due to difficulty in controlling the clamping force and affecting the entire test process.

[0099] In another embodiment, the first position-limiting member 215 can be movably mounted in the first mounting slot to facilitate adjustment of the position of the first position-limiting member 215, thereby facilitating removal of the specimen after the test is completed. Specifically, a lifting seat for mounting the first position-limiting member 215 is provided in the first mounting slot, and the lifting seat is slidably connected to the first mounting slot to achieve vertical position adjustment. Furthermore, to achieve lifting and lowering control of the first position-limiting member 215, a drive screw can be further provided, wherein the drive screw is threadedly connected to the lifting seat, and the drive screw is inserted into the first rear clamping plate 212 to achieve rotation with the first rear clamping plate 212, thereby achieving vertical position adjustment of the lifting seat by rotating the drive screw. In this embodiment, the first position-limiting member 215 is tilted relative to the lifting seat, thereby facilitating rotation of the first rotating rod 214.

[0100] Through the above-mentioned arrangement, the reliable fixation of the sample can be achieved conveniently and flexibly. In particular, the curling and fixing of the sample by rotation can effectively avoid the damage to the sample caused by the fixed clamping of the sample. Furthermore, after the test is completed, the sample can be easily removed by rotating or pulling the sample in the opposite direction, so as to achieve fast and effective sample disassembly.

[0101] Through the above-mentioned setting, the method of fixing the end of the specimen by curling can effectively ensure the consistency of the clamping and fixing state each time the specimen is clamped, which can effectively avoid the high requirements for controlling the clamping force when using plate clamping, and effectively simplify the complexity of the clamping process.

[0102] With the above arrangement, the curling fixation method for fixing the sample end can also achieve precise adjustment of the sample position during the sample marking process, thereby making the measurement of its position change in the experiment more convenient and accurate.

[0103] Combine Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the second specimen clamp 22 includes: a first connection base 221, a second rear clamping plate 222 disposed on the first connection base 221, a second front clamping plate 223 detachably connected to the second rear clamping plate 222, and a load hook 224 connected to the first connection base 221. In this embodiment, the first connection base 221, the second rear clamping plate 222, and the second front clamping plate 223 are respectively made of metal materials, such as stainless steel. The second rear clamping plate 222 and the first connection base 221 are fixedly connected to each other, such as by welding, riveting, or integrally provided. In this embodiment, the second rear clamping plate 222 and the second front clamping plate 223 are connected by a threaded connector, wherein a threaded connection hole is provided on the second rear clamping plate 222, and a through hole corresponding to the threaded connection hole is provided on the second front clamping plate 223. The threaded connector can then pass through the through hole to connect with the threaded connection hole, thereby fixing the second front clamping plate 223 to achieve a clamping effect on the specimen.

[0104] In this embodiment, the second specimen clamp 22 can also selectively be provided with V-shaped grooves for positioning linear specimens on the second rear clamping plate 222 and the second front clamping plate 223. This allows for accurate positioning and clamping of the specimen between the second rear clamping plate 222 and the second front clamping plate 223, thereby preventing the specimen from sliding or deflecting and accurately positioning and fixing both ends of the specimen. The V-shaped grooves extend in the same direction as the vertical direction. Of course, other locations on the second rear clamping plate 222 and the second front clamping plate 223 can be provided with flat surfaces for clamping plate-shaped specimens. Of course, a roughened structure can also be provided on the flat surfaces to ensure stable and reliable clamping of the plate-shaped specimen. The roughened structure can be provided with protrusions / grooves arranged in a regular or random pattern.

[0105] Combine Figure 9 、 Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown, according to another embodiment of the present invention, the second sample clamp 22 includes: a first connecting seat 221, a second rear clamping plate 222 disposed on the first connecting seat 221, a second front clamping plate 223 detachably connected to the second rear clamping plate 222, a load hook 224 connected to the first connecting seat 221, a second rotating rod 225, and a second stopper 226; wherein the first connecting seat 221, the second rear clamping plate 222, and the second front clamping plate 223 are respectively made of metal materials, such as stainless steel; wherein the second rear clamping plate 222 and the first connecting seat 221 are fixedly connected to each other, such as by welding, riveting, or integrally provided. In this embodiment, the second rear clamping plate 222 and the second front clamping plate 223 are connected by a threaded connector, wherein a threaded connection hole is provided on the second rear clamping plate 222, and a through hole corresponding to the threaded connection hole is provided on the second front clamping plate 223, so that the threaded connector can pass through the through hole to achieve connection with the threaded connection hole, thereby fixing the second front clamping plate 223.

[0106] In this embodiment, a second mounting hole 22a is provided between the connection position of the first connecting seat 221, the second rear clamping plate 222 and the second front clamping plate 223, and a second mounting groove for installing the second limiting member 226 is provided in the second mounting hole 22a; specifically, the second rear clamping plate 222 is arranged perpendicular to the first connecting seat 221, and the center of gravity axis of the second mounting hole 22a coincides with the intersection line of the connection position of the second rear clamping plate 222 and the first connecting seat 221. Furthermore, 3 / 4 of the second mounting hole 22a is arranged at the position where the first connecting seat 221 and the second rear clamping plate 222 are connected, and 1 / 4 of the second mounting hole 22a is arranged at the position where the second front clamping plate 223 is connected to the first connecting seat 221 and the second rear clamping plate 222, so that after the installation of the second front clamping plate 223 and the second rear clamping plate 222 is completed, the entire second mounting hole 22a can be completed.

[0107] In this embodiment, the second mounting hole 22a is a stepped hole extending through opposite ends of the second specimen holder 22, with a radially enlarged center portion. This second mounting hole 22a facilitates the positioning and installation of the second rotating rod 225. In this embodiment, the second rotating rod 225 comprises a rotating shaft 225a and a rotating sleeve 225b coaxially disposed with the rotating shaft 225a. The rotating sleeve 225b is nested within the center of the rotating shaft 225a. Specifically, an engaging groove is provided on the inner side of the rotating sleeve 225b, while an elongated engaging protrusion is provided on the outer side of the rotating shaft 225a. Consequently, the rotating sleeve 225b can be coaxially mounted on the rotating shaft 225a along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 225a. The engaging protrusion and the engaging groove are matingly connected to achieve synchronous rotation of the rotating shaft 225a and the rotating sleeve 225b. Furthermore, in order to achieve the axial positioning of the rotating sleeve 225b on the rotating shaft 225a, a limiter can be further provided between the rotating sleeve 225b and the rotating shaft 225a, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the position of the rotating sleeve 225b; wherein, the limiter can be provided as a threaded connection to fix the rotating sleeve 225b and the rotating shaft 225a, or a spring ball structure embedded in the rotating shaft 225a can be used, and correspondingly, a groove for embedding the balls in the spring ball structure is also provided at the corresponding position on the inner side of the rotating sleeve 225b to achieve interlocking positioning.

[0108] In this embodiment, the axial length of the rotating sleeve 225b is consistent with the axial length of the middle position of the second mounting hole 22a, thereby accurately limiting the position of the rotating sleeve 225b, thereby fully ensuring accurate installation of the sample end.

[0109] By configuring the second rotating rod 225 to be removable, the rotating sleeve 225b can be conveniently inserted from the notch into the middle of the second mounting hole 22a. The radial dimension of the middle of the second mounting hole 22a is larger than the outer diameter of the rotating sleeve 225b. This allows for easier installation of the second mounting hole 22a by controlling the radial dimension of the middle of the second mounting hole 22a. The rotating shaft 225a is inserted into the second mounting hole 22a axially, and is installed with the rotating sleeve 225b during the insertion process. Because the connection between the first connecting seat 221 and the second rear clamping plate 222 forms three-quarters of the second mounting hole 22a, it can restrict the second rotating rod 225, effectively ensuring stable and reliable installation.

[0110] In this embodiment, the second mounting groove is provided at the position where the second mounting hole 22a is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 225a. To facilitate reliable restriction of the longer rotating shaft 225a, multiple second mounting grooves can be provided in the axial direction of the second mounting hole 22a to facilitate the corresponding installation of the second limiting member 226. In this embodiment, the second limiting member 226 is fixedly installed in the second mounting groove to limit the rotation of the second rotating rod 225.

[0111] In this embodiment, a second limiting groove for cooperating with the second limiting member 226 is provided at a position of the second rotating rod 225 corresponding to the second installation groove; the second limiting groove is provided to achieve abutment and limiting with the second limiting member 226.

[0112] In this embodiment, a second sample passage 22b is provided between the second rear clamping plate 222 and the second front clamping plate 223, through which the sample passes. The second sample passage 22b is connected to the second mounting hole 22a. Specifically, the second sample passage 22b has two sections, located on opposite sides of the second rear clamping plate 222 and the second front clamping plate 223. The entire second sample passage 22b is formed by connecting the second rear clamping plate 222 and the second front clamping plate 223. The second sample passage 22b is arranged vertically, thereby connecting to the middle portion of the second mounting hole 22a. Furthermore, the second rotating rod 225 is provided with a second sample fixing hole 2251 for fixing the end of the sample. Specifically, to facilitate the installation of the sample, the position of the second sample fixing hole 2251 is consistent with the position of the second sample channel 22b along the axial direction of the second rotating rod 225. Then, the second sample fixing hole 2251 can be adjusted to be aligned with the second sample channel 22b by rotating the second rotating rod 225, so that the sample can be inserted from the second sample channel 22b and inserted into the second sample fixing hole 2251. After the insertion of the sample end is completed, the second rotating rod 225 can be rotated to curl and store the sample, so as to fix the sample end and adjust the sample installation length.

[0113] In this embodiment, multiple second sample fixing holes 2251 can be arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the second rotating rod 225, and the multiple second sample fixing holes 2251 can be interconnected, thereby facilitating the insertion of the sample end and achieving stable fixation of the sample end. Furthermore, a hollow through-hole can be further provided at the center of the second rotating rod 225, extending through both axial ends thereof, so that the end position of the sample inserted into the second rotating rod 225 can be easily observed, effectively increasing the flexibility of sample installation. In this embodiment, along the radial direction of the second rotating rod 225, the opening area of ​​the second sample fixing hole 2251 on the outer surface can be larger than the aperture at the center, and the aperture at the center of the second sample fixing hole 2251 is at least equal to the diameter of the sample end, so that the second sample fixing hole 2251 exhibits a gradually decreasing diameter, thereby facilitating the insertion and fixation of the sample.

[0114] In this embodiment, the second limiting member 226 can be a spring sheet, and the second limiting groove can be set as an inclined groove whose side abuts against the end of the second limiting member 226. Then, when the second rotating rod 225 is rotated in the clockwise or counterclockwise direction, the second limiting member 226 can be abutted against the second limiting groove, thereby effectively preventing the second limiting member 226 from moving backward.

[0115] The above arrangement facilitates quick installation of the specimen and avoids direct clamping and fixing of the specimen ends, thereby preventing damage to the specimen clamping position due to difficulty in controlling the clamping force and affecting the entire test process.

[0116] In another embodiment, the second stopper 226 can be movably mounted in the second mounting slot to facilitate adjustment of the position of the second stopper 226, thereby facilitating removal of the specimen after testing. Specifically, a lifting seat for mounting the second stopper 226 is provided in the second mounting slot, and the lifting seat is slidably connected to the second mounting slot to enable adjustment of the vertical position. Furthermore, to achieve control over the lifting and lowering of the second stopper 226, a drive screw can be further provided, wherein the front end of the drive screw is provided with a wedge block, and the wedge block has a first inclined surface. Correspondingly, a second inclined surface is also provided on the underside of the lifting seat to match the first inclined surface of the wedge block. Thus, the position of the wedge block can be adjusted horizontally by rotating the drive screw, and the position of the second stopper 226 can be adjusted vertically by the matching inclined surfaces. To facilitate stable movement of the wedge block, the drive screw can be threadedly connected to the wedge block, and the drive screw is rotatably connected to the first connecting seat 221. In this embodiment, the second limiting member 226 is arranged to be inclined relative to the wedge block, thereby facilitating the rotation of the first rotating rod 214 .

[0117] Through the above-mentioned arrangement, the reliable fixation of the sample can be achieved conveniently and flexibly. In particular, the curling and fixing of the sample by rotation can effectively avoid the damage to the sample caused by the fixed clamping of the sample. Furthermore, after the test is completed, the sample can be easily removed by rotating or pulling the sample in the opposite direction, so as to achieve fast and effective sample disassembly.

[0118] Through the above-mentioned setting, the method of fixing the end of the specimen by curling can effectively ensure the consistency of the clamping and fixing state each time the specimen is clamped, which can effectively avoid the high requirements for controlling the clamping force when using plate clamping, and effectively simplify the complexity of the clamping process.

[0119] With the above arrangement, the curling fixation method for fixing the sample end can also achieve precise adjustment of the sample position during the sample marking process, thereby making the measurement of its position change in the experiment more convenient and accurate.

[0120] Combine Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 7 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the vertical sliding seat 23 includes: two sliding assemblies 231 arranged side by side, and a displacement constraint rod 232 connected to the sliding assemblies 231; in this embodiment, the sliding direction of the sliding assembly 231 is consistent with the vertical direction to achieve accurate limitation of the sliding direction of the second sample holder 22.

[0121] In this embodiment, the second sample holder 22 is connected to the displacement-constraining rod 232; specifically, the second sample holder 22 is connected to the displacement-constraining rod 232 via a first connecting base 221. In this embodiment, the first connecting base 221 is provided with a horizontal connecting channel arranged along a horizontal direction, through which the second sample holder 22 and the displacement-constraining rod 232 are connected. In this embodiment, to ensure the reliable and stable installation position of the second sample holder 22 and the displacement-constraining rod 232, a locking member such as a locking screw is provided on the first connecting base 221 to ensure the accurate installation orientation and position, thereby ensuring accurate test results.

[0122] In this embodiment, in order to achieve reliable installation of the first connecting seat 221 and the displacement constraint rod 232, the cross-sectional shape of the horizontal connecting channel on the first connecting seat 221 can be further set to a regular shape such as a triangle or a rectangle. Correspondingly, the position on the displacement constraint rod 232 connected to the horizontal connecting channel is also set to match, thereby achieving accurate restriction of the installation direction and position of the first connecting seat 221.

[0123] In this embodiment, the sliding assembly 231 includes: a guide rail shaft 231a, a position fixing seat 231b respectively provided at opposite ends of the guide rail shaft 231a, a sliding sleeve 231c slidably connected to the guide rail shaft 231a, and a guide rail limiter 231d connected to the sliding sleeve 231c; in this embodiment, the guide rail shaft 231a is provided in the vertical direction and can be provided as a stainless steel round shaft with a smooth surface to reduce its sliding friction. In this embodiment, the position fixing seat 231b is connected to the thermal insulation support unit 1 via a threaded connection. In this embodiment, the sliding sleeve 231c can be a copper sleeve, wherein the wall surface of the sliding sleeve 231c can be provided with a hollow structure, and a carbon filler can be provided in the hollow structure to effectively reduce the sliding friction of the sliding sleeve 231c, thereby being more beneficial to improving the measurement accuracy of the present invention.

[0124] In this embodiment, the guide rail stopper 231d is coaxially arranged with the sliding sleeve 231c. The guide rail stopper 231d can be made of stainless steel. For example, the guide rail stopper 231d can be configured as a square plate that is connected to the upper end of the sliding sleeve 231c via a threaded connector. In this embodiment, the guide rail stopper 231d can be locked or unlocked with the guide rail shaft 231a. When the guide rail stopper 231d is locked with the guide rail shaft 231a, the sliding sleeve 231c is kept in a fixed position on the guide rail shaft 231a. When the guide rail stopper 231d is unlocked from the guide rail shaft 231a, the sliding sleeve 231c can slide freely on the guide rail shaft 231a. The provision of the guide rail stopper 231d facilitates the fixing of the second specimen holder 22, thereby accommodating specimen installation and effectively ensuring the flexibility of the present invention.

[0125] In this embodiment, the end of the displacement constraint rod 232 is connected to the guide rail limiter 231d.

[0126] Combine Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the guide rail limiter 231d is provided with an end limit seat 231d1 for fixing the displacement constraint rod 232; in this embodiment, the end limit seat 231d1 can be set as a long strip structure, and its opposite ends are detachably connected to the lower side of the guide rail limiter 231d using threaded connectors. In this embodiment, a limit installation groove for matching the end of the displacement constraint rod 232 can be set in the middle position of the end limit seat 231d1, wherein, in order to ensure the stable installation of the displacement constraint rod 232 and prevent it from rotating, the cross-sectional shape of the limit installation groove can be set (such as a rectangle, a triangle), and accordingly, the end of the displacement constraint rod 232 needs to match the cross-sectional shape of the limit installation groove to achieve accurate installation and positioning.

[0127] Furthermore, a limiting structure (such as a raised groove structure, etc.) can be further provided between the displacement constraint rod 232 and the limiting installation groove to prevent the displacement constraint rod 232 from axial displacement, so as to more reliably achieve a stable and reliable installation position of the displacement constraint rod 232.

[0128] Combine Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, a thermal insulation support unit 1 includes: a bottom support 11, a column 12 vertically mounted on the bottom support 11, a top plate 13 connected to the upper end of the column 12, a back plate 14 connected to the column 12, a front panel 15, and side panels 16. The top plate 13, back plate 14, and side panels 16 are thermal insulation panels; the front panel 15 is a thermal insulation glass panel. In this embodiment, a first sample holder 21 is detachably attached to the underside of the top plate 13; a vertical sliding seat 23 and a displacement measurement assembly 24 are disposed on one side of the back plate 14.

[0129] Combine Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the top plate 13 is provided with a window 131 extending through the top plate 13, and a transparent, heat-insulating sealing plate is connected to the window 131. In this embodiment, the first sample holder 21 is mounted on the side of the top plate 13 adjacent to the back plate 14. The edge of the window 131 is adjacent to the location on the top plate 13 where the first sample holder 21 is mounted. Furthermore, the window 131 facilitates the installation and removal of the first sample holder 21, effectively improving the convenience of installation and removal of the first sample holder 21.

[0130] Combine Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the bottom support 11 includes: a rectangular frame 111, and a bottom plate 112 detachably connected to the rectangular frame 111; in this embodiment, the rectangular frame 111 is installed by splicing aluminum profiles with each other, and then, the bottom plate 112 can be installed on the rectangular frame 111 by using threaded connectors. In this embodiment, the columns 12 are detachably connected to the bottom plate 112, and a plurality of columns 12 are arranged in a rectangular array on the bottom plate 112. Among them, the columns 12 are also fixed to the bottom plate 112 by threaded connectors. In this embodiment, four columns 12 are provided. In this embodiment, the columns 12 are made of aluminum profiles. The above-mentioned arrangement effectively ensures the reliability of the structure while effectively reducing the weight of the entire device.

[0131] In this embodiment, the bottom plate 112 includes: an aluminum alloy plate body and a heat insulation layer provided on the lower side of the aluminum alloy plate body; wherein the rectangular frame 111 is an aluminum profile frame.

[0132] Combine Figure 2 and Figure 12 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the temperature control unit 3 includes: a temperature sensor 31, a heater 32, and a temperature controller 33; wherein the temperature sensor 31 is mounted on the lower side of the top plate 13, and the heater 32 is mounted on the upper side of the bottom support 11. In this embodiment, the temperature sensor 31 and the heater 32 are arranged at diagonal positions within the thermal insulation support unit 1; and the temperature controller 33 is arranged outside the thermal insulation support unit 1. In this embodiment, the temperature sensor 31 and the heater 32 are respectively connected to the temperature controller 33.

[0133] Through the above-mentioned setting, the temperature sensor 31 and the heater 32 are set diagonally in space so that the temperature sensor 31 and the heater 32 are spaced farther apart, thereby being able to fully detect the temperature at a position far away from the heater 32, thereby being able to conveniently and accurately detect the temperature in the entire device, thereby ensuring the accuracy and effectiveness of the entire test process.

[0134] like Figure 13 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, a thermomechanical coupling test device for shape memory materials of the present invention further includes: a loading unit 4 in the heat-insulating support unit 1; wherein the loading unit 4 includes: a loading hook 41, a loading traction rope 42, a loading wheel 43, a wheel bracket 44 and a loading motor 45. In this embodiment, the loading motor 45 is mounted on the bottom support 11, and the bottom support 11 is mounted on the loading motor 45 or the bottom support 11. Furthermore, one end of the loading traction rope 42 is connected to the loading hook 41, and the other end is connected to the loading wheel 43; further, the loading motor 45 is connected to the loading wheel 43, and is used to drive the loading wheel 43 to rotate, so that the loading traction rope 42, the loading hook 41 and the load hook 224 can be pulled in sequence to achieve the corresponding loading effect.

[0135] Combine Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 7As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the displacement measuring component 24 is a magnetic grating component or a grating component; wherein, if the displacement measuring component 24 is a magnetic grating component, it includes: a magnetic scale 241 and a magnetic grating scale reader 242; specifically, the magnetic scale 241 is fixed on the back plate 14, and the magnetic grating scale reader 242 is installed on the second sample fixture 22; wherein, the magnetic scale 241 can be fixed on the back plate 14 by a threaded connection or adhesive fixation, and the magnetic grating scale reader 242 is fixed on the second sample fixture 22 by a threaded connection, and the magnetic grating scale reader 242 is arranged adjacent to the magnetic scale 241 to facilitate the magnetic grating scale reader 242 to conveniently read the corresponding scale information from the magnetic scale 241. Similarly, if the displacement measurement assembly 24 is a grating assembly, it includes a grating scale 241 and a grating scale reader 242. Specifically, the grating scale 241 is fixed to the back plate 14, and the grating scale reader 242 is mounted on the second sample fixture 22. The grating scale 241 can be fixed to the back plate 14 using a threaded connection or adhesive, while the grating scale reader 242 is fixed to the second sample fixture 22 using a threaded connection. The grating scale reader 242 is disposed adjacent to the grating scale 241 to facilitate the grating scale reader 242 to read the corresponding scale information from the grating scale 241.

[0136] To further illustrate this solution, the experimental process of the present invention is further elaborated.

[0137] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the thermomechanical coupling test device of the present invention can realize the three test requirements of the sample: tensile test, relaxation test and creep test. The execution process of the device when used includes the following steps:

[0138] Step 1: During the test preparation phase, complete the design of thermal test conditions, the setting and inspection of temperature and load control programs, etc.; among these, check the basic conditions of the temperature control unit 3 and whether the equipment is in good condition. After confirmation, import the expected temperature change program into the control system of the temperature control unit 3 according to the test plan;

[0139] Step 2: Mark and install the shape memory alloy material, and record various parameters in its initial state. Mark the shape memory material's test range. Mark the material with upper and lower markings as needed. Avoid the ends and select a specific length near the center as the test section. Verify that the shape memory material has no unexpected deformation. Once confirmed, secure the upper and lower ends of the shape memory material with the first sample fixture 21 and the second sample fixture 22, respectively.

[0140] Step 3: Install the sample on the measuring unit 2 , assemble the thermal insulation support unit 1 , and connect the loading unit 4 to the measuring unit 2 .

[0141] Step 4: Start the test and record process data. The temperature control unit 3 is activated, and the temperature inside the temperature control unit 3 changes according to the set temperature change program. When the ambient temperature stabilizes at each set temperature, the position data of the displacement measurement component 24 is recorded. The actual deformation of the shape memory material is obtained by subtracting the position data from the initial state data.

[0142] Step 5: Removal of the test device and replacement of the sample: After completing a set of test conditions, wait until the temperature in the thermal insulation support unit 1 returns to room temperature, remove the test device or replace the shape memory material as needed for the next round of testing.

[0143] The specific steps are as follows:

[0144] When conducting a tensile test:

[0145] Set the temperature program and loading conditions according to the test plan. Check the basic conditions of the thermal coupling test device to determine whether each device and component is intact. After confirmation, import the expected temperature change program into the temperature controller according to the test plan, and import the expected load change conditions into the control software of the loading motor group;

[0146] Specimen marking and installation. Mark the test range of the specimen. Mark the material with upper and lower markings as needed. Avoid the ends and select a specific length near the middle as the test section. Verify that the shape memory material has no unexpected deformation. Once confirmed, clamp the upper and lower ends of the shape memory material with the first specimen fixture 21 and the second specimen fixture 22, respectively. Once the test specimen and the device are stable, record the initial displacement data.

[0147] Complete the sealing of the thermal insulation support unit 1. After checking that the first sample fixture 21, the second sample fixture 22, the vertical slide 23, the displacement measurement assembly 24, and the loading unit 4 are securely installed, seal the thermal insulation support unit 1 to form a closed, insulated space. If necessary, a counterweight can be added to the bottom of the thermal insulation support unit 1 to stabilize the thermal coupling test device.

[0148] Activate the temperature control unit 3 and loading unit 4, begin the test, and record data. Once activated, the temperature inside the thermal support unit 1 changes according to the programmed temperature change program, and the specimen is loaded according to the programmed load conditions. When the ambient temperature stabilizes at each set temperature, the displacement measurement assembly 24 records the current position. Subtracting this from the initial state data yields the actual deformation of the shape memory material.

[0149] After completing a set of tests, wait until the temperature in the thermal insulation support unit 1 returns to room temperature, and then replace the sample for the next round of tests or remove the test equipment as needed.

[0150] When performing relaxation testing:

[0151] Set the temperature program according to the test plan. Use similar steps to set the temperature program as for the tensile test. No loading is required, so there is no need to connect the load hook 224 and the load hook 41, and there is no need to set the loading program.

[0152] Specimen marking and installation: As with the tensile test, the test specimen is installed in the thermomechanical coupling test device.

[0153] Use the guide rail limiter 231d to apply constant strain to the test sample. Tighten the guide rail limiters 231d on both sides so that the sleeve 231c is fixed to the guide rail shaft 231a, applying constant strain to the test sample.

[0154] Complete the sealing of the thermal insulation support unit 1. Similar to the tensile test, a closed and heat-insulated space is formed inside the device;

[0155] Start the temperature control unit 3, record the test start time and detect the relaxation process. Start the temperature control unit 3, the internal temperature of the device changes according to the set temperature change program, and measure and record the stress or strain changes of the sample at a certain time interval;

[0156] After completing a set of tests, wait until the temperature in the thermal insulation support unit 1 returns to room temperature, and then replace the sample for the next round of tests or remove the test equipment as needed.

[0157] When conducting creep tests:

[0158] Set the temperature program and loading conditions according to the test plan. Use similar steps to set the temperature program and constant loading conditions as for the tensile test;

[0159] Specimen marking and installation: As with the tensile test, the material to be tested is installed in the thermomechanical coupling test device and the initial parameters of the material to be tested are recorded;

[0160] The loading unit 4 is used to apply a constant stress to the material being tested.

[0161] Complete the sealing of the thermal insulation support unit 1. Similar to the tensile test, a closed and heat-insulated space is formed inside the device;

[0162] Start the temperature control unit 3 and loading unit 4, record the test start time, and monitor the relaxation process. When the temperature control unit 3 is started, the temperature inside the insulation support unit 1 changes according to the set temperature change program. Start the loading unit 4, so that it applies a constant stress to the test sample according to the set test conditions. Under the set stress and temperature, regularly measure and record the strain changes of the test material.

[0163] After completing a set of tests, wait until the temperature in the thermal insulation support unit 1 returns to room temperature, and then replace the sample for the next round of tests or remove the test equipment as needed.

[0164] The above contents are merely examples of specific solutions of the present invention. For devices and structures not described in detail, it should be understood that they can be implemented by adopting general devices and methods available in the art.

[0165] The above description is merely one embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present invention is susceptible to various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A thermomechanical coupling test device for shape memory materials, characterized in that: include: A heat-insulating support unit (1), a measuring unit (2) mounted on the heat-insulating support unit (1), and a temperature control unit (3); The measuring unit (2) comprises: a first sample fixture (21), a second sample fixture (22), a vertical sliding seat (23) for supporting the second sample fixture (22), and a displacement measuring assembly (24) for measuring the sliding displacement of the second sample fixture (22); The first sample fixture (21) is installed on the top of the heat-insulating support unit (1); The vertical sliding seat (23) is mounted on the side wall of the heat-insulating support unit (1); The second sample fixture (22) is located directly below the first sample fixture (21); The displacement measurement assembly (24) is respectively connected to the side wall of the heat-insulating support unit (1) and the second sample fixture (22); The first sample clamp (21) comprises: a first fixing seat (211), a first rear clamping plate (212) arranged on the lower side of the first fixing seat (211), a first front clamping plate (213) detachably connected to the first rear clamping plate (212), a first rotating rod (214), and a first limiting member (215); The first rear clamping plate (212) is provided with a first mounting hole (212a), and the first mounting hole (212a) is provided with a first mounting groove for mounting the first limiting member (215); The first limiting member (215) is installed in the first installation slot to limit the rotation of the first rotating rod (214); One end of the first rotating rod (214) is rotatably connected to the first mounting hole (212a), and a first limiting groove for cooperating with the first limiting member (215) is provided at a position of the first rotating rod (214) corresponding to the first mounting groove; The first front clamping plate (213) is provided with a second mounting hole (213a) so as to be rotatably connected to the other end of the first rotating rod (214) through the second mounting hole (213a); The first rear clamping plate (212) is provided with a first sample passage (212b) for the sample to pass through, and the first sample passage (212b) is connected to the first mounting hole (212a); The first rotating rod (214) is provided with a first sample fixing hole (214a) for fixing the end of the sample.

2. The thermal coupling test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second sample clamp (22) includes: a first connecting seat (221), a second rear clamping plate (222) arranged on the first connecting seat (221), a second front clamping plate (223) detachably connected to the second rear clamping plate (222), a load hook (224) connected to the first connecting seat (221), a second rotating rod (225), and a second limiting member (226); A second mounting hole (22a) is provided between the connection positions of the first connecting seat (221), the second rear clamping plate (222) and the second front clamping plate (223), and a second mounting groove for mounting the second limiting member (226) is provided in the second mounting hole (22a); The second limiting member (226) is fixedly installed in the second installation slot to limit the rotation of the second rotating rod (225); A second limiting groove for cooperating with the second limiting member (226) is provided at a position of the second rotating rod (225) corresponding to the second mounting groove; A second sample passage (22b) for the sample to pass through is provided between the second rear clamping plate (222) and the second front clamping plate (223), and the second sample passage (22b) is communicated with the second mounting hole (22a); The second rotating rod (225) is provided with a second sample fixing hole (2251) for fixing the end of the sample.

3. The thermal coupling test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vertical sliding seat (23) comprises: two sliding assemblies (231) arranged side by side, and a displacement constraint rod (232) connected to the sliding assemblies (231); The second sample fixture (22) is connected to the displacement constraint rod (232); The sliding assembly (231) comprises: a guide rail shaft (231a), position fixing seats (231b) respectively provided at opposite ends of the guide rail shaft (231a), a sliding sleeve (231c) slidably connected to the guide rail shaft (231a), and a guide rail limiter (231d) connected to the sliding sleeve (231c); The end of the displacement constraint rod (232) is connected to the guide rail limiter (231d); The guide rail shaft (231a) is arranged in a vertical direction.

4. The thermal coupling test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The guide rail limiter (231d) is provided with an end limiting seat (231d1) for fixing the displacement constraint rod (232); The end limiting seat (231d1) is detachably connected to the guide rail limiter (231d).

5. The thermal coupling test device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heat-insulating support unit (1) comprises: a bottom support (11), a column (12) vertically arranged on the bottom support (11), a top plate (13) connected to the upper end of the column (12), a back plate (14) connected to the column (12), a front panel (15), and side panels (16); The top plate (13), the back plate (14) and the side plates (16) are respectively thermal insulation plates; The front panel (15) is a heat-insulating glass plate; The first sample holder (21) is detachably connected to the lower side of the top plate (13); The vertical sliding seat (23) and the displacement measuring assembly (24) are arranged on the same side of the back plate (14); The upright column (12) is an aluminum profile.

6. The thermal coupling test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top plate (13) is provided with a window (131) penetrating the body thereof, and an openable and closable transparent heat-insulating sealing plate is connected to the window (131).

7. The thermal coupling test device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom support (11) comprises: a rectangular frame (111), and a bottom plate (112) detachably connected to the rectangular frame (111); The upright posts (12) are detachably connected to the base plate (112), and a plurality of the upright posts (12) are arranged in a rectangular array on the base plate (112); The bottom plate (112) comprises: an aluminum alloy plate body and a heat insulation layer arranged on the lower side of the aluminum alloy plate body; The rectangular frame (111) is an aluminum profile frame.

8. The thermal coupling test device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The temperature control unit (3) includes: a temperature sensor (31), a heater (32) and a temperature controller (33); The temperature sensor (31) is mounted on the lower side of the top plate (13), and the heater (32) is mounted on the upper side of the bottom support (11); In the heat-insulating support unit (1), the temperature sensor (31) and the heater (32) are arranged at diagonal positions; The temperature controller (33) is arranged outside the heat-insulating support unit (1); The temperature sensor (31) and the heater (32) are respectively connected to the temperature controller (33).

9. The thermal coupling test device according to claim 8, characterized in that: Also includes: A loading unit (4) located within the heat-insulating support unit (1); The loading unit (4) comprises: a loading hook (41), a loading traction rope (42), a loading wheel (43), a wheel bracket (44) and a loading motor (45); The loading motor (45) is mounted on the bottom support (11). The bottom support (11) is mounted on the loading motor (45) or the bottom support (11); One end of the loading traction rope (42) is connected to the loading hook (41), and the other end is connected to the loading wheel (43); The loading motor (45) is connected to the loading wheel (43) and is used to drive the loading wheel (43) to rotate; The displacement measurement component (24) is a magnetic grating component or a grating component; If the displacement measurement component (24) is a magnetic grid component, it comprises: a magnetic grid ruler (241) and a magnetic grid scale reader (242); The magnetic scale (241) is fixed on the back plate (14), and the magnetic scale reading head (242) is installed on the second sample fixture (22); If the displacement measurement component (24) is a grating component, it comprises: a grating ruler (241) and a grating scale reader (242); The grating ruler (241) is fixed on the back plate (14), and the grating scale reader (242) is installed on the second sample fixture (22).

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