Radiation measurement equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of radiation measurement, and provides radiation measurement equipment, which comprises a shielding device and a cadmium zinc telluride detector, and is characterized in that the shielding device is provided with an accommodating cavity and an incident window, and the incident window is communicated with the accommodating cavity; and the tellurium-zinc-cadmium detector is arranged in the accommodating cavity and is used for measuring radioactive rays entering from the incidence window. The radiation measurement equipment provided by the invention is small in size and light in weight.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of radiation measurement technology, and in particular to a radiation measurement device. Background Art

[0002] During the operation, maintenance and decommissioning of nuclear facilities, it is necessary to measure the radioactivity of nuclear facilities to determine the treatment methods and means. The radiation measurement equipment in the related art needs to be equipped with refrigeration and larger electronic modules when measuring high dose rates, resulting in excessive overall weight and size. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the embodiments of the present application hope to provide a radiation measurement device with smaller size and lighter weight.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application is implemented as follows:

[0005] The present application embodiment discloses a radiation measurement device, including:

[0006] A shielding device, formed with a receiving cavity and an incident window, wherein the incident window is connected to the receiving cavity;

[0007] A cadmium zinc telluride detector is arranged in the accommodating cavity, and the cadmium zinc telluride detector is used to measure the radioactive rays entering from the incident window.

[0008] In one embodiment, an incident channel is formed in the shielding device, and the incident channel connects the accommodating cavity and the incident window.

[0009] In one embodiment, the radiation measuring device includes an adjusting member, which is arranged in the incident channel. A first channel is arranged in the adjusting member, and the first channel passes through both sides of the adjusting member along the incident direction of the radioactive ray to form a first port and a second port. The first port is connected to the incident window, and the second port is connected to the accommodating cavity. The radioactive ray enters the first channel from the first port and enters the accommodating cavity through the second port. The caliber of the first port is not larger than the caliber of the incident window.

[0010] In one embodiment, there are multiple adjusting members, one of which can be selectively inserted into the incident channel, and different adjusting first openings have different calibers.

[0011] In one embodiment, the shielding device includes a first shielding body and a second shielding body, the first shielding body is formed with the incident window and the accommodating cavity, the accommodating cavity penetrates one side of the first shielding body to form a cover, the cadmium zinc telluride detector is placed into the accommodating cavity and taken out of the accommodating cavity through the cover, and the second shielding body is used to close or open the cover.

[0012] In one embodiment, the opening direction of the cover is a first direction, a portion of the first shielding body protrudes along the first direction toward the second shielding body to form a protrusion, the protrusion forms the cover, and a portion of the second shielding body is recessed along the first direction toward the direction away from the first shielding body to form a groove, and when the second shielding body closes the cover, the protrusion is inserted into the groove.

[0013] In one embodiment, a plug-in block is formed in the groove and protrudes along the first direction toward the first shielding body. When the second shielding body closes the cover, the protrusion is inserted in the groove and the plug-in block is inserted in the cover.

[0014] In one embodiment, the opening direction of the cover is a first direction, a portion of the first shielding body is recessed along the first direction away from the first shielding body to form a groove, the cover is formed in the groove, and a portion of the second shielding body protrudes along the first direction toward the first shielding body to form a protrusion, and when the second shielding body closes the cover, the protrusion is inserted in the groove.

[0015] In one embodiment, a plug-in block is formed on the protrusion and protrudes along the first direction toward the first shielding body. When the second shielding body closes the cover, the protrusion is inserted into the groove and the plug-in block is inserted into the cover.

[0016] In one embodiment, the shielding device is made of lead and / or tungsten.

[0017] The embodiment of the present application discloses a radiation measuring device. By arranging a receiving and incident window in the shielding device, on the one hand, the cadmium zinc telluride detector located therein can be protected to a certain extent, thereby improving the service life of the cadmium zinc telluride detector; on the other hand, the radioactive rays need to enter the receiving cavity through the incident window, thus reducing the interference of the natural radiation background on the detection result, thereby improving the detection efficiency, accuracy and dose rate. By setting up a CdZnTe detector, on the one hand, the energy required for CdZnTe to produce a pair of electrons and holes is relatively high, so that the CdZnTe detector has a very high intrinsic energy resolution, so that source term identification in the radiation field and radiation level measurement can be realized; on the other hand, the high atomic number and high density of CdZnTe can be used to improve the detection efficiency per unit volume, that is, to improve the dose rate; on the other hand, CdZnTe has a wide bandgap, and the wide bandgap can suppress the number of electron-hole pairs generated by thermal excitation, that is, the CdZnTe crystal can have a very high resistivity at room temperature, so that the CdZnTe detector does not need to be cooled to reduce the current, so that there is no need to install cooling equipment, so that the overall size and weight of the radiation measurement equipment can be reduced, and it can be applied to some small robots to realize automatic radiation measurement in a small space, with high working efficiency and strong portability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a radiation measurement device provided in an embodiment of the present application, wherein the second shielding body closes the cover;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of the first shielding body in FIG.

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of the second shielding body in FIG.

[0021] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a structure of an adjusting member provided in another embodiment of the present application

[0022] Description of Reference Numerals

[0023] 100. Radiation measuring equipment; 1. Shielding device; 1a. Accommodating cavity; 1b. Incident window; 1c. Incident channel; 1d. Cover; 11. First shielding body; 111. First central area; 112. First peripheral area; 12. Second shielding body; 121. First central area; 122. Second peripheral area; 2. Adjusting member; 2a. First opening; 2b. Second opening; 2c. First channel; A. Protrusion; B. Groove; C. Plug-in block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and technical features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other, and the detailed description in the specific implementation method should be understood as an explanation of the purpose of the present application and should not be regarded as an improper limitation on the present application.

[0025] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present application are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly including at least one feature. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically limited.

[0026] The present application embodiment provides a radiation measurement device, see Figures 1 to 4 The radiation measuring device 100 includes a shielding device 1 and a CdZnTe detector. The shielding device 1 is formed with a receiving cavity 1a and an incident window 1b, and the incident window 1b is connected to the receiving cavity 1a. The CdZnTe detector is arranged in the receiving cavity 1a, and the CdZnTe detector is used to measure the radioactive rays entering from the incident window 1b.

[0027] It should be noted that the dose rate refers to the radiation energy absorbed by the detector per unit time.

[0028] The radiation measurement device 100 provided in the present application, by setting a receiving and incident window 1b in the shielding device 1, on the one hand, can protect the CdZnTe detector located therein to a certain extent, thereby improving the service life of the CdZnTe detector; on the other hand, the radioactive rays need to enter the receiving cavity 1a from the incident window 1b, thus reducing the interference of the natural radiation background on the detection result, thereby improving the detection efficiency, accuracy and dose rate. By setting up a CdZnTe detector, on the one hand, the energy required for CdZnTe to generate a pair of electrons and holes is relatively high, so that the CdZnTe detector has a very high intrinsic energy resolution, so that source term identification and radiation level measurement in the radiation field can be realized; on the other hand, the high atomic number and high density of CdZnTe can be used to improve the detection efficiency per unit volume, that is, to improve the dose rate; on the other hand, CdZnTe has a relatively wide bandgap, and the wide bandgap can suppress the number of electron-hole pairs generated by thermal excitation, that is, the CdZnTe crystal can have a very high resistivity at room temperature, so that the CdZnTe detector does not need to be cooled to reduce the current, so that there is no need to install cooling equipment, so that the overall size and weight of the radiation measurement device 100 can be reduced, and it can be applied to some small robots to realize automatic radiation measurement in a small space, with high working efficiency and strong portability.

[0029] Exemplarily, in one embodiment, the radioactive rays may be gamma rays.

[0030] In one embodiment, the shielding device 1 is made of lead.

[0031] It should be noted that Figure 1 R1 can be the incident direction of the radioactive ray, Figure 1 R2 in can be the first direction.

[0032] Exemplarily, the material of the shielding device 1 can be lead. In this way, on the one hand, lead has a strong attenuation effect on radioactive rays, which can effectively block the penetration of natural radiation background and improve the accuracy of the measurement results of the detector; on the other hand, lead can block most of the natural radiation background, thereby reducing the background noise received by the cadmium zinc telluride detector, which helps to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the measurement signal, making the measurement results more accurate, and can also protect the radioactive rays in the accommodating cavity 1a from leakage of ray energy, further improving the measurement accuracy.

[0033] In one embodiment, the shielding device 1 may be made of tungsten. Tungsten has a high density, so it has good shielding properties against high-energy rays. Under the same shielding effect, the shielding device 1 made of tungsten material has a smaller volume.

[0034] In one embodiment, the shielding device 1 can be made of tungsten and lead. In this way, on the one hand, the shielding device 1 can not only shield low-energy x-rays, but also have better shielding capabilities for high-energy radiation such as gamma rays; on the other hand, the thickness and shape of the shielding device 1 can be optimized by combining lead and tungsten, so that the volume and weight of the shielding device 1 can be further reduced while achieving the same shielding effect.

[0035] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 An incident channel 1c is formed in the shielding device 1, and the incident channel 1c connects the accommodating cavity 1a and the incident window 1b.

[0036] Here, by forming an incident channel 1c in the shielding device 1, the radioactive rays need to enter the accommodating cavity 1a through the incident window 1b and the incident channel 1c to be absorbed and measured by the CdZnTe detector. In this way, the incident channel 1c can provide a clear detection direction, so that the CdZnTe detector can focus on the rays coming from a specific direction or a difference, thereby improving the accuracy and sensitivity of the measurement; on the other hand, the incident channel 1c can shield the rays or interference signals coming from other directions to a certain extent, optimize the measurement environment, and improve the detection accuracy and the stability and reliability of the measurement.

[0037] Exemplarily, the shape of the incident channel 1c is not limited, for example, it can be cylindrical or rectangular.

[0038] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 4The radiation measuring device 100 includes an adjusting member 2, which is inserted into the incident channel 1c. A first channel 2c is provided in the adjusting member 2. The first channel 2c penetrates both sides of the adjusting member 2 along the incident direction of the radioactive ray to form a first port 2a and a second port 2b. The first port 2a is connected with the incident window 1b, and the second port 2b is connected with the accommodating cavity 1a. The radioactive ray enters the first channel 2c from the first port 2a and enters the accommodating cavity 1a through the second port 2b. The caliber of the first port 2a is not larger than the caliber of the incident window 1b.

[0039] Exemplarily, the adjusting member 2 can be inserted into the incident channel 1c, and the adjusting member 2 is formed with a first channel 2c, a first port 2a and a second port 2b that pass through the incident direction of the radioactive rays. The first port 2a can be connected to the incident window 1b, and the second port 2b can be connected to the accommodating cavity 1a.

[0040] Here, when it is necessary to increase the detection dose rate, the adjustment member 2 can be set in the incident channel 1c, so that the radioactive rays need to enter the first channel 2c through the first port 2a, and the aperture of the first port 2a is smaller than the aperture of the incident window 1b. On the one hand, when the radioactive rays pass through the first port 2a, the linear transmission characteristics of the radioactive rays can be utilized, and the radioactive rays can be transmitted more concentratedly along the first port 2a, and the radioactive rays can act more concentratedly on the sensitive area of ​​the CdZnTe detector, thereby improving the measurement accuracy and sensitivity; on the other hand, the first port 2a with a smaller aperture can reduce the natural radiation background and noise received by the detector, which helps to improve the signal-to-noise ratio, so that the CdZnTe detector can more accurately measure the dose rate of the target radioactive rays; on the other hand, the first port 2a with a smaller aperture can reduce the scattering of the radioactive rays, so that more radioactive ray energy directly acts on the CdZnTe detector, thereby improving the measurement accuracy and increasing the dose rate.

[0041] Exemplarily, the shape of the adjusting member 2 may be cylindrical or other shapes so as to match the shape of the incident channel 1c and reduce the situation where the gap between the two is too large.

[0042] In one embodiment, the caliber of the first opening 2a is not larger than the caliber of the incident window 1b and is not smaller than the caliber of the second opening 2b, so that the first channel 2c is roughly trumpet-shaped, the first opening 2a has a smaller caliber in the trumpet shape, and the second opening 2b has a larger caliber in the trumpet shape. The caliber of the second opening 2b can be determined according to the detection efficiency of the CdZnTe detector. In this way, the situation where the electronic module of the CdZnTe detector is overloaded due to the large caliber can be reduced, thereby improving the working stability of the radiation measurement device 100.

[0043] In one embodiment, there are multiple adjusting members 2, one of which can be selectively inserted into the incident channel 1c, and different adjusting members 2 have different calibers of the first opening 2a, wherein the smaller the caliber of the first opening 2a, the higher the measured dose rate. In this way, the adjusting member 2 can be selected according to different dose rate measurement requirements, which has good flexibility.

[0044] It should be noted that, firstly, the first port 2a with a smaller aperture can be regarded as a focusing lens, which can guide the radiation energy of the radioactive rays more concentratedly to the CdZnTe detector, which means that under the same radiation source intensity, the radiation energy density of the radioactive rays entering the CdZnTe detector through the first port 2a with a small aperture is higher, and thus the measured dose rate increases accordingly; secondly, the small aperture can reduce scattering, so that more radiation energy of the radioactive rays can directly act on the CdZnTe detector, thereby increasing the dose rate.

[0045] For example, in one embodiment, the measured dose rate is between 0.1 μSv / h and 10 mSv / h. For example, the dose rate that can be measured by the radiation measurement device 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application is 0.1 μSv / h, 10 μSv / h, 50 μSv / h, 1 mSv / h, 5 mSv / h or 10 mSv / h, etc.

[0046] Exemplarily, in one embodiment, when measuring the same dose rate, the size of the device using a high-purity germanium detector in the prior art is approximately 20cm*20cm*70cm and weighs more than 40kg, the size of the device using a lanthanum bromide detector is approximately 5cm*5cm*10cm and weighs between 20kg and 40kg, and the size of the radiation measurement device 100 provided in the present application is approximately 2cm*2cm*5cm and weighs less than 10kg. Therefore, compared with the detector device in the prior art, the radiation measurement device 100 provided in the present application is small in size and light in weight, and can work in high dose rate scenarios. Due to the advantages of size and weight, it can also be used on small mobile or crawling robots to perform radiation measurement in some narrow spaces.

[0047] Exemplarily, in one embodiment, the shape of the shielding device 1 is not limited. For example, the shape of the shielding device 1 can be a cuboid, a cube, a sphere, or the like.

[0048] In one embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 to 3 The shielding device 1 includes a first shielding body 11 and a second shielding body 12. The first shielding body 11 is formed with an incident window 1b and a receiving cavity 1a. The receiving cavity 1a passes through one side of the first shielding body 11 to form a cover 1d. The cadmium zinc telluride detector is placed in the receiving cavity 1a and taken out from the receiving cavity 1a through the cover 1d. The second shielding body 12 is used to close or open the cover 1d.

[0049] Here, the shielding device 1 is composed of a first shielding body 11 and a second shielding body 12, the first shielding body 11 is formed with an incident window 1b and a accommodating cavity 1a, the accommodating cavity 1a passes through one side of the first shielding body 11 to form a cover 1d, the cadmium zinc telluride detector can be placed in the accommodating cavity 1a through the cover 1d and can be taken out of the accommodating cavity 1a through the cover 1d, and the second shielding body 12 is used to close the cover 1d or open the cover 1d.

[0050] In this way, by designing the shielding device 1 as a structure in which the first shielding body 11 and the second shielding body 12 are assembled, on the one hand, it can be made easier during the installation process, so as to quickly complete the assembly of the radiation measurement device 100, saving installation time and labor costs; on the other hand, the second shielding body 12 can be covered on the cover opening 1d, so that the cadmium zinc telluride detector can be better protected to form a relatively closed measurement environment, reduce the interference of the external environment on the measurement and the energy damage and scattering during the measurement, and improve the accuracy and reliability of the measurement results.

[0051] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 The opening direction of the incident window 1b is perpendicular to the opening direction of the cover opening 1d, thus avoiding structural interference.

[0052] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The opening direction of the cover 1d is the first direction, a portion of the first shielding body 11 protrudes along the first direction toward the second shielding body 12 to form a convex block A, and the convex block A forms a cover 1d. A portion of the second shielding body 12 is recessed along the first direction toward the direction away from the first shielding body 11 to form a groove B. When the second shielding body 12 closes the cover 1d, the convex block A is inserted into the groove B.

[0053] Exemplarily, the first shielding body 11 includes a first central area 121111 and a first surrounding area, the first central area 121111 protrudes along the first direction toward the second shielding body 12 to form a protrusion A, and the protrusion A is formed with a cover 1d; the second shielding body 12 includes a second central area and a second surrounding area, the second central area is recessed along the first direction toward the direction away from the first shielding body 11 to form a groove B, when the second shielding body 12 closes the cover 1d, the protrusion A is inserted in the groove B, and the first surrounding area is in contact with the second surrounding area.

[0054] It should be noted that after the radioactive rays entering the accommodating cavity 1a are reflected by the cavity wall, part of them will be emitted from the accommodating cavity 1a through the cover 1d, so as to reduce the detection efficiency of the CdZnTe detector. In the present application, a bump A is formed on the first shielding body 11, and a groove B is formed on the second shielding body 12. In this way, when the bump A is inserted into the groove B, the radioactive rays emitted from the cover 1d will be blocked by the second shielding body 12 and the step surface of the groove B and the bump A, so as to reduce the radioactive rays emitted from the gap between the first shielding body 11 and the second shielding body 12, thereby improving the detection accuracy of the CdZnTe detector and reducing the radiation damage to the surrounding environment.

[0055] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 3 A plug-in block C is formed in the groove B and protrudes along the first direction toward the first shielding body 11. When the second shielding body 12 closes the cover 1d, the protrusion A is inserted in the groove B, and the plug-in block C is inserted in the cover 1d.

[0056] Exemplarily, the bottom wall of the groove B is formed with a plug-in block C protruding along the first direction toward the first shielding body 11, so that when the first shielding body 11 closes the cover 1d, the protrusion A is inserted in the groove B and the plug-in block C is inserted in the cover 1d.

[0057] In this way, the radioactive rays emitted from the cover 1d will first be blocked by the step surface of the plug-in block C and the cover 1d, and then blocked by the step surface of the protrusion A and the groove B. In this way, the radioactive rays emitted from the gap between the first shielding body 11 and the second shielding body 12 can be further reduced, thereby improving the detection accuracy of the cadmium zinc telluride detector and reducing radiation damage to the surrounding environment.

[0058] In one embodiment, the opening direction of the cover 1d is the first direction, a portion of the first shielding body 11 is recessed along the first direction away from the second shielding body 12 to form a groove B, a cover 1d is formed in the groove B, a portion of the second shielding body 12 protrudes along the first direction toward the first shielding body 11 to form a protrusion A, and when the second shielding body 12 closes the cover 1d, the protrusion A is inserted into the groove B.

[0059] Exemplarily, the first central area 121111 of the first shielding body 11 is recessed along the first direction away from the second shielding body 12 to form a groove B, and a cover 1d is formed on the bottom wall of the groove B; the second central area of ​​the second shielding body 12 protrudes along the first direction toward the first shielding body 11 to form a protrusion A, and when the second shielding body 12 closes the cover 1d, the protrusion A is inserted into the groove B, and the first surrounding area is in contact with the second surrounding area.

[0060] In this way, when the protrusion A is inserted into the groove B, the radioactive rays emitted from the cover 1d will be blocked by the protrusion A and the step surface where the groove B and the protrusion A cooperate, so as to reduce the radioactive rays emitted from the gap between the first shielding body 11 and the second shielding body 12, thereby improving the detection accuracy of the cadmium zinc telluride detector and reducing radiation damage to the surrounding environment.

[0061] In one embodiment, a plug-in block C is formed on the protrusion A and protrudes along the first direction toward the first shielding body 11. When the second shielding body 12 closes the cover 1d, the protrusion A is inserted into the groove B and the plug-in block C is inserted into the cover 1d.

[0062] Exemplarily, the projection A is formed with a plug-in block C protruding in a first direction toward the first shielding body 11, so that when the first shielding body 11 closes the cover 1d, the projection A is inserted into the groove B and the plug-in block C is inserted into the cover 1d.

[0063] In this way, the radioactive rays emitted from the cover 1d will first be blocked by the plug-in block C, then blocked by the step surface of the plug-in block C and the cover 1d, and then blocked by the step surface of the protrusion A and the groove B. In this way, the radioactive rays emitted from the gap between the first shielding body 11 and the second shielding body 12 can be further reduced, thereby improving the detection accuracy of the cadmium zinc telluride detector and reducing radiation damage to the surrounding environment.

[0064] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. All modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principles of the present application are included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A radiation measurement device, characterized in that: include: A shielding device, formed with a receiving cavity and an incident window, wherein the incident window is connected to the receiving cavity; A cadmium zinc telluride detector is arranged in the accommodating cavity, and the cadmium zinc telluride detector is used to measure the radioactive rays entering from the incident window.

2. The radiation measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that An incident channel is formed in the shielding device, and the incident channel communicates with the accommodating cavity and the incident window.

3. The radiation measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The radiation measuring device includes an adjusting member, which is arranged in the incident channel. A first channel is arranged in the adjusting member. The first channel runs through both sides of the adjusting member along the incident direction of the radioactive ray to form a first port and a second port. The first port is connected to the incident window, and the second port is connected to the accommodating cavity. The radioactive ray enters the first channel from the first port and enters the accommodating cavity through the second port. The caliber of the first port is not larger than the caliber of the incident window.

4. The radiation measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: There are multiple adjusting members, one of which can be selectively inserted into the incident channel, and different adjusting first openings have different calibers.

5. The radiation measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shielding device includes a first shielding body and a second shielding body, wherein the first shielding body is formed with the incident window and the accommodating cavity, the accommodating cavity runs through one side of the first shielding body to form a cover, the cadmium zinc telluride detector is placed into the accommodating cavity through the cover and taken out of the accommodating cavity through the cover, and the second shielding body is used to close or open the cover.

6. The radiation measuring device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The opening direction of the cover is a first direction, a portion of the first shielding body protrudes along the first direction toward the second shielding body to form a protrusion, the protrusion forms the cover, and a portion of the second shielding body is recessed along the first direction toward the direction away from the first shielding body to form a groove, and when the second shielding body closes the cover, the protrusion is inserted into the groove.

7. The radiation measuring device according to claim 6, characterized in that A plug-in block is formed in the groove and protrudes along the first direction toward the first shielding body. When the second shielding body closes the cover, the protrusion is inserted in the groove and the plug-in block is inserted in the cover.

8. The radiation measuring device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The opening direction of the cover is a first direction, a portion of the first shielding body is recessed along the first direction away from the first shielding body to form a groove, the cover is formed in the groove, a portion of the second shielding body protrudes along the first direction toward the first shielding body to form a protrusion, and when the second shielding body closes the cover, the protrusion is inserted in the groove.

9. The radiation measuring device according to claim 8, characterized in that The protrusion is formed with a plug-in block protruding along the first direction toward the first shielding body. When the second shielding body closes the cover, the protrusion is inserted into the groove and the plug-in block is inserted into the cover.

10. The radiation measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that The shielding device is made of lead and / or tungsten.

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