Adaptive optical fiber nutation coupling system, method and device
By adapting optical fiber -chapter dynamic coupling system, the inverse voltage effect of voltage ceramics is used to realize the adaptive deflection and displacement of the optical fiber input terminal, solving the problem of fiber input terminal jitter and deviation in the star -load laser communication, and achieve efficient and stability. The communication effect of optical fiber coupling and low code rate.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411723071.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-28
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-28
AI Technical Summary
In satellite-based laser communication, the relative position of the input end of the optical fiber and the focus spot will produce a static alignment deviation, and will be affected by factors such as ambient temperature, gravity and platform vibration, resulting in dynamic random jitter, resulting in coupling power loss.
Using the adaptive optical fiber chapter dynamic coupling system, using the inverse voltage effect of piezoelectric ceramics, through controlling the amplifier displacement of the straight board and the movement of the cross plate to achieve the adaptive deflection of the optical fiber input end and the micron level XY plane and the Z direction of the Zy position , To the focus of space light.
Effectively block the jitter and environmental impact on the light road, achieve efficient, stable space light-single-mode optical coupling, and reduce the code rate of the communication system.
Smart Images
Figure CN119376020A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of free space optical communication, and in particular to an adaptive optical fiber nutation coupling system, method and device. Background Art
[0002] Satellite-borne laser communication has become a research hotspot in the communications field due to its narrow transmission beam, large information capacity, fast transmission speed, wide coverage space and good confidentiality performance.
[0003] At present, fiber-optic communication technology is increasingly appearing in free-space optical communication systems. It often requires coupling the weak signal light entering the optical system into a single-mode optical fiber of about 9um at a high-speed communication port. The technical difficulty can be imagined.
[0004] Although the laser communication terminal can ensure the coaxiality of the transmission and reception paths during the ground installation process, the ambient temperature, gravity and other factors of the satellite vary greatly compared to the ground environment during its in-orbit operation, and the relative position of the input end of the single-mode optical fiber in the coupling system and the focused light spot will produce static alignment deviations; at the same time, affected by factors such as the vibration of the space laser transmission platform, the focused light spot will also produce certain dynamic random jitter.
[0005] Especially in the satellite-to-ground laser communication link, the laser beam will also generate beam jitter when it passes through the atmosphere to reach the communication receiver of the satellite platform's capture tracking and aiming system. There are three main reasons: residual error of the tracking system; beam jitter caused by atmospheric turbulence; harmonic vibration transmitted from the satellite platform to the ATP (tracking and aiming) system. If these jitters are not controlled, the coupling power loss caused by them will far exceed the loss level that the communication receiver can tolerate.
[0006] Therefore, how to achieve efficient and stable spatial light-single-mode fiber coupling has become a major technical problem that needs to be solved urgently, and it has also become the key to ensuring a low bit error rate in the communication system. Summary of the invention
[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide an adaptive optical fiber nutation coupling system, method and device to solve at least one of the above technical problems existing in the prior art.
[0008] In a first aspect, in order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an adaptive optical fiber nutation coupling device, including a receiving device and a control device; The receiving device includes a sheath, a straight plate, piezoelectric ceramics, a cross plate, a ceramic ferrule, a focusing part, an end cap and a sleeve; An end cap is provided at one end of the sleeve; a sheath is provided at the central through hole of the end cap for protecting the optical fiber entering the sleeve; a cross groove is provided on the inner side of the end cap; four pads are evenly distributed in the cross groove; a piezoelectric ceramic is provided on the side of each pad away from the cross groove; the polarization direction of the piezoelectric ceramic is perpendicular to the pad; the end of the piezoelectric ceramic away from the pad is connected to the middle boss of a straight plate; the axis of the middle boss forms an acute angle with the axis of the straight plate; the ends of the four straight plates away from the end cap are simultaneously hinged to the top ends of the four corners of the cross plate; a ceramic ferrule is provided at the central opening of the cross plate; a stepped through hole is provided in the center of the ceramic ferrule; a stepped sink in the stepped through hole is used to fix the end of the sheath away from the end cap; the through hole in the stepped through hole is used to fix the input end of the optical fiber; In this way, the microscopic expansion and contraction of the four piezoelectric ceramics under the inverse piezoelectric effect (the positive electric field makes the piezoelectric ceramics stretch along the polarization direction, and the reverse electric field makes the piezoelectric ceramics shorten along the polarization direction) can be used to control the amplified displacement of the straight plate, thereby controlling the cross plate to perform two movements: When the expansion and contraction of the piezoelectric ceramic is adjusted asynchronously, the cross plate plane can be deflected, resulting in a microscopic movement of the center of the ceramic ferrule in the XY plane at the micrometer level. When the expansion and contraction of the piezoelectric ceramic is adjusted synchronously, the cross-plate plane can be moved microscopically along the Z axis at the micrometer level; Through the above two motion modes, the focusing position of the spatial light signal at the optical fiber input end can be changed; the advantage of this structure is that the damaged piezoelectric ceramics can be quickly replaced by replacing the pads and piezoelectric ceramics, thereby improving the maintenance efficiency of the device; The other end of the sleeve is provided with a focusing portion for focusing the spatial light to the input end of the optical fiber; The control device is electrically connected to the output end of the optical fiber and the piezoelectric ceramic respectively, and is used to programmatically adjust the voltage of the piezoelectric ceramic according to the intensity of the optical signal to maximize the intensity of the optical signal.
[0009] In summary, the present device can achieve the technical purpose of enabling optical fiber to adaptively receive spatial light, thereby avoiding power loss caused by various jitters, environmental changes and other factors in the background technology, and thus improving communication quality.
[0010] In a feasible implementation manner, the focusing unit includes a lens barrel, a nutating coupling lens and a pressure cover; A nutating coupling mirror is fixed in the lens barrel and is connected to the end of the sleeve by a thread so as to fine-tune the distance between the nutating coupling mirror and the optical fiber input end; the interior of the nutating coupling mirror includes a spacer and a lens for determining the focal length of the spatial light; The pressure cover is used to lock the nutating coupling mirror in the lens barrel.
[0011] In a feasible implementation manner, the electrical connection structure between the control device and the piezoelectric ceramic specifically includes: a first control channel connected to the positive electrode of the piezoelectric ceramic X1; a second control channel connected to the positive electrode of the piezoelectric ceramic Y1; a third control channel connected to the positive electrodes of the piezoelectric ceramic X2 and the piezoelectric ceramic Y2 at the same time; the negative electrodes of the piezoelectric ceramic X1 and the piezoelectric ceramic Y1 are grounded at the same time; the negative electrode of the piezoelectric ceramic Y2 is connected to the positive electrode of the piezoelectric ceramic Y1; the negative electrode of the piezoelectric ceramic X2 is connected to the positive electrode of the piezoelectric ceramic X1; Through the above structure, three channels can be used to control the voltages of four piezoelectric ceramics: the voltage of piezoelectric ceramic X1 can be controlled through the first channel; the voltage of piezoelectric ceramic X2 can be controlled through the first channel and the third channel; the voltage of piezoelectric ceramic Y1 can be controlled through the second channel; and the voltage of piezoelectric ceramic Y2 can be controlled through the second channel and the third channel.
[0012] In the second aspect, based on the same inventive concept, the present application also provides an adaptive fiber nutation coupling method using the above device, including an XY plane adjustment method, specifically the following steps: Step 1: When the control device receives the optical signal, it randomly generates a disturbance voltage combination , and corresponds to the voltage combination applied to the contemporary piezoelectric ceramics The specific expression is: ; in, represents the channel number, and The mean is zero and the variance is equal; in this way, the expansion and contraction directions and amounts of the four piezoelectric ceramics can be adjusted asynchronously and symmetrically, so that the input end of the optical fiber can move slightly in the XY plane; Step 2: When the control device receives the adjusted optical signal, it generates a first evaluation function value , used to evaluate the optical signal strength, the specific formula can be: ; Step 3: The control device reverses the disturbance voltage combination to obtain the next disturbance voltage combination, and then applies the corresponding piezoelectric ceramic voltage combination to the current superior; Step 4: When the control device receives the adjusted optical signal, it generates a second evaluation function value , used to evaluate the optical signal strength, the specific formula can be: ; Step 5: Calculate the change between the first evaluation function value and the second evaluation function value , the specific formula can be: ; Step 6: Based on the change , calculate the next generation of piezoelectric ceramic voltage combination, execute step 1 until the preset iteration end condition is reached. The specific formula can be: ; in, Indicates The piezoelectric ceramic voltage combination of the generation; Indicates The piezoelectric ceramic voltage combination of the generation; represents the step size parameter; In this way, the change in the performance index can be used to calculate the gradient direction, and finally, after multiple iterations through the adaptive algorithm, the focused spot of the spatial light is aligned with the input end of the optical fiber in real time in the XY plane.
[0013] In a feasible implementation manner, the adaptive optical fiber nutation coupling method further includes a Z-direction adjustment method, which specifically includes the following steps: Step z1: When the control device receives the light signal, it randomly generates a disturbance voltage combination , and corresponds to the voltage combination applied to the contemporary piezoelectric ceramics The specific expression is: ; in, represents the channel number, and are equal; in this way, the expansion and contraction directions of the four piezoelectric ceramics can be adjusted synchronously, so that the input end of the optical fiber can move in the Z direction; Step z2: When the control device receives the adjusted optical signal, it generates a first evaluation function value , the specific formula can be: ; Step z3: The control device reverses the disturbance voltage combination to obtain the next disturbance voltage combination, and then applies the corresponding piezoelectric ceramic voltage combination to the current superior; Step z4: When the control device receives the adjusted optical signal, it generates a second evaluation function value , the specific formula can be: ; Step z5: Calculate the change between the first evaluation function value and the second evaluation function value , the specific formula can be: ; Step z6: Based on the change , calculate the next generation of piezoelectric ceramic voltage combination, execute step 1 until the preset iteration end condition is reached. The specific formula can be: ; in, Indicates The piezoelectric ceramic voltage combination of the generation; Indicates The piezoelectric ceramic voltage combination of the generation; represents the step size parameter; In this way, the change in the performance index can be used to calculate the gradient direction, and finally, after multiple iterations through the adaptive algorithm, the focused spot of the spatial light is aligned with the input end of the optical fiber in the Z direction in real time.
[0014] In a feasible implementation manner, the preset iteration end condition is the change amount The value of is zero.
[0015] In a third aspect, based on the same inventive concept, the present application also provides an adaptive optical fiber nutation coupling system, including an electrical signal receiving module, a data processing module and a voltage generating module; The electrical signal receiving module is used to receive the electrical signal converted from the optical signal in real time; The data processing module is used to execute the adaptive optical fiber nutation coupling method as described above according to the electrical signal to obtain a voltage value in real time; The voltage generating module is used to send the voltage value to the piezoelectric ceramic in real time.
[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides an adaptive optical fiber nutation coupling system, method and device, which have a simple and compact structure and can utilize the inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric ceramics to adaptively adjust the deflection angle, XY plane displacement and Z displacement of the optical fiber input end, and align the focus of the spatial light in real time, thereby effectively shielding various jitters and environmental influences on the optical path, thereby achieving efficient and stable spatial light-single-mode optical fiber coupling and reducing the bit error rate of the communication system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0018] Figure 1 An exploded diagram of an adaptive optical fiber nutation coupling device provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the device in the assembled state; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of the interior of the device; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the electrical connection structure between the control device and the piezoelectric ceramic provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 A flow chart of an adaptive optical fiber nutation coupling method provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 A diagram of an adaptive optical fiber nutation coupling system provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Reference numerals: 1-optical fiber; 2-sheath; 3-straight plate; 4-piezoelectric ceramic; 5-cross plate; 6-ceramic ferrule; 7-lens tube; 8-nutation coupling mirror; 9-spacer; 10-pressure cover; 11-end cover; 12-sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0020] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0022] The present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation modes.
[0023] It should also be noted that the following specific embodiments or specific implementations are a series of optimized settings listed in the present invention to further explain the specific content of the invention, and these settings can be used in combination or in association with each other.
[0024] Embodiment 1: like Figure 1-3 As shown, this embodiment provides an adaptive optical fiber nutation coupling device, including a receiving device and a control device; The receiving device includes a sheath 2, a straight plate 3, a piezoelectric ceramic 4, a cross plate 5, a ceramic ferrule 6, a focusing part, an end cap 11 and a sleeve 12; An end cap 11 is provided at one end of the sleeve 12; a sheath 2 is provided at the central through hole of the end cap 11, which is used to protect the optical fiber 1 entering the sleeve; a cross groove is provided on the inner side of the end cap 11; four pads are evenly distributed in the cross groove; a piezoelectric ceramic 4 is provided on the side of each pad away from the cross groove; the polarization direction of the piezoelectric ceramic 4 is perpendicular to the pad; the end of the piezoelectric ceramic 4 away from the pad is connected to the middle boss of a straight plate 3; the axis of the middle boss forms an acute angle with the axis of the straight plate 3; the ends of the four straight plates 3 away from the end cap 11 are simultaneously hinged to the top of the four corners of the cross plate 5; a ceramic ferrule 6 is provided at the central opening of the cross plate 5; a stepped through hole is provided in the center of the ceramic ferrule 6; the stepped sink in the stepped through hole is used to fix the end of the sheath 2 away from the end cap; the through hole in the stepped through hole is used to fix the input end of the optical fiber 1; In this way, the microscopic expansion and contraction of the four piezoelectric ceramics 4 under the inverse piezoelectric effect (the positive electric field makes the piezoelectric ceramics 4 extend along the polarization direction, and the reverse electric field makes the piezoelectric ceramics 4 shorten along the polarization direction) can be used to control the amplified displacement of the straight plate 3, thereby controlling the cross plate 5 to perform two movements: When the expansion and contraction amount of the piezoelectric ceramic 4 is adjusted asynchronously, the main plane of the cross plate 5 can be deflected, resulting in the center of the ceramic ferrule 6 to produce a microscopic movement of the micrometer level in the XY plane; When the expansion and contraction amount of the piezoelectric ceramic 4 is adjusted synchronously, the main plane of the cross plate 5 can be moved microscopically along the Z axis at the micrometer level; Through the above two motion modes, the focusing position of the spatial light signal at the optical fiber input end can be changed; the advantage of this structure is that the damaged piezoelectric ceramic 4 can be quickly replaced by replacing the pad and the piezoelectric ceramic 4, thereby improving the maintenance efficiency of the device; The other end of the sleeve 12 is provided with a focusing portion for focusing the spatial light to the input end of the optical fiber 1; The control device is electrically connected to the output end of the optical fiber 1 and the piezoelectric ceramic 4 respectively, and is used to programmatically adjust the voltage of the piezoelectric ceramic 4 according to the intensity of the optical signal to maximize the intensity of the optical signal.
[0025] Through the above device, the technical purpose of allowing the optical fiber 1 to adaptively receive spatial light can be achieved, thereby avoiding the power loss caused by various jitters, environmental changes and other factors in the background technology, thereby improving the communication quality.
[0026] Furthermore, the end cover 11 is fixed to one end of the sleeve 12 by bolts for easy disassembly.
[0027] Furthermore, the spacer is made of insulating material and is connected to the end cover 11 by bolts for easy replacement.
[0028] Furthermore, the sheath 2 is a multi-layer hose structure, which can enhance the protection function while improving the movement performance of the inner hose and reducing the movement resistance of the input end of the optical fiber 1.
[0029] Furthermore, the axis of the middle boss forms an acute angle of 24° with the axis of the straight plate 3 .
[0030] Furthermore, the focusing unit includes a lens barrel 7, a nutating coupling lens 8 and a pressure cover 10; A nutating coupling mirror 8 is fixed in the lens barrel 7 and is connected to the end of the sleeve 12 by threading so as to fine-tune the distance between the nutating coupling mirror 8 and the input end of the optical fiber 1; the interior of the nutating coupling mirror 8 includes a spacer 9 and a lens, which are used to determine the focal length of the spatial light; The pressure cover 10 is used to lock the nutating coupling mirror 8 in the lens barrel 7 .
[0031] Furthermore, the end cap 11 , the sleeve 12 , the lens barrel 7 and the pressure cap 10 are all made of opaque materials to avoid interfering with optical signals.
[0032] Furthermore, the nutating coupling mirror 8 includes two spacers 9 and three lenses, and the spacers 9 and the lenses are arranged alternately.
[0033] Furthermore, if Figure 4As shown, the electrical connection structure between the control device and the piezoelectric ceramic specifically includes: the first control channel is connected to the positive electrode of the piezoelectric ceramic X1; the second control channel is connected to the positive electrode of the piezoelectric ceramic Y1; the third control channel is connected to the positive electrodes of the piezoelectric ceramic X2 and the piezoelectric ceramic Y2 at the same time; the negative electrodes of the piezoelectric ceramic X1 and the piezoelectric ceramic Y1 are grounded at the same time; the negative electrode of the piezoelectric ceramic Y2 is connected to the positive electrode of the piezoelectric ceramic Y1; the negative electrode of the piezoelectric ceramic X2 is connected to the positive electrode of the piezoelectric ceramic X1; Through the above structure, three channels can be used to control the voltages of four piezoelectric ceramics: the voltage of piezoelectric ceramic X1 can be controlled through the first channel; the voltage of piezoelectric ceramic X2 can be controlled through the first channel and the third channel; the voltage of piezoelectric ceramic Y1 can be controlled through the second channel; and the voltage of piezoelectric ceramic Y2 can be controlled through the second channel and the third channel.
[0034] Embodiment 2: like Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment provides an adaptive fiber nutation coupling method using the above device, including an XY plane adjustment method, specifically the following steps: Step 1: When the control device receives the optical signal, it randomly generates a disturbance voltage combination , and corresponds to the voltage combination applied to the contemporary piezoelectric ceramics The specific expression is: ; in, represents the channel number, and The mean is zero and the variance is equal; in this way, the expansion and contraction directions and amounts of the four piezoelectric ceramics can be adjusted asynchronously and symmetrically, so that the input end of the optical fiber can move slightly in the XY plane; Step 2: When the control device receives the adjusted optical signal, it generates a first evaluation function value , used to evaluate the optical signal strength, the specific formula can be: ; Step 3: The control device reverses the disturbance voltage combination to obtain the next disturbance voltage combination, and then applies the corresponding piezoelectric ceramic voltage combination to the current superior; Step 4: When the control device receives the adjusted optical signal, it generates a second evaluation function value , used to evaluate the optical signal strength, the specific formula can be: ; Step 5: Calculate the change between the first evaluation function value and the second evaluation function value , the specific formula can be: ; Step 6: Based on the change , calculate the next generation of piezoelectric ceramic voltage combination, execute step 1 until the preset iteration end condition is reached. The specific formula can be: ; in, Indicates The piezoelectric ceramic voltage combination of the generation; Indicates The piezoelectric ceramic voltage combination of the generation; represents the step size parameter; In this way, the change in the performance index can be used to calculate the gradient direction, and finally, after multiple iterations through the adaptive algorithm, the focused spot of the spatial light is aligned with the input end of the optical fiber in real time in the XY plane.
[0035] Furthermore, the preset iteration end condition is the change amount The value of is zero.
[0036] Furthermore, a Z-direction adjustment method is also included, which comprises the following steps: Step z1: When the control device receives the light signal, it randomly generates a disturbance voltage combination , and corresponds to the voltage combination applied to the contemporary piezoelectric ceramics The specific expression is: ; in, represents the channel number, and are equal; in this way, the expansion and contraction directions of the four piezoelectric ceramics can be adjusted synchronously, so that the input end of the optical fiber can move in the Z direction; Step z2: When the control device receives the adjusted optical signal, it generates a first evaluation function value , the specific formula can be: ; Step z3: The control device reverses the disturbance voltage combination to obtain the next disturbance voltage combination, and then applies the corresponding piezoelectric ceramic voltage combination to the current superior; Step z4: When the control device receives the adjusted optical signal, it generates a second evaluation function value , the specific formula can be: ; Step z5: Calculate the change between the first evaluation function value and the second evaluation function value , the specific formula can be: ; Step z6: Based on the change , calculate the next generation of piezoelectric ceramic voltage combination, execute step 1 until the preset iteration end condition is reached. The specific formula can be: ; in, Indicates The piezoelectric ceramic voltage combination of the generation; Indicates The piezoelectric ceramic voltage combination of the generation; represents the step size parameter; In this way, the change in the performance index can be used to calculate the gradient direction, and finally, after multiple iterations through the adaptive algorithm, the focused spot of the spatial light is aligned with the input end of the optical fiber in the Z direction in real time.
[0037] Embodiment three: like Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment provides an adaptive optical fiber nutation coupling system, including an electrical signal receiving module, a data processing module and a voltage generating module; The electrical signal receiving module is used to receive the electrical signal converted from the optical signal in real time; The data processing module is used to execute the adaptive optical fiber nutation coupling method as described above according to the electrical signal to obtain a voltage value in real time; The voltage generating module is used to send the voltage value to the piezoelectric ceramic in real time.
[0038] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims
1. An adaptive optical fiber nutation coupling device, characterized in that: Including receiving equipment and control equipment; The receiving device includes a sheath, a straight plate, piezoelectric ceramics, a cross plate, a ceramic ferrule, a focusing part, an end cap and a sleeve; An end cap is provided at one end of the sleeve; a sheath is provided at the central through hole of the end cap for protecting the optical fiber entering the sleeve; a cross groove is provided on the inner side of the end cap; four pads are evenly distributed in the cross groove; a piezoelectric ceramic is provided on the side of each pad away from the cross groove; the polarization direction of the piezoelectric ceramic is perpendicular to the pad; the end of the piezoelectric ceramic away from the pad is connected to the middle boss of a straight plate; the axis of the middle boss forms an acute angle with the axis of the straight plate; the ends of the four straight plates away from the end cap are simultaneously hinged to the top ends of the four corners of the cross plate; a ceramic ferrule is provided at the central opening of the cross plate; a stepped through hole is provided in the center of the ceramic ferrule; a stepped sink in the stepped through hole is used to fix the end of the sheath away from the end cap; the through hole in the stepped through hole is used to fix the input end of the optical fiber; The other end of the sleeve is provided with a focusing portion for focusing the spatial light to the input end of the optical fiber; The control device is electrically connected to the output end of the optical fiber and the piezoelectric ceramic respectively, and is used to programmatically adjust the voltage of the piezoelectric ceramic according to the intensity of the optical signal to maximize the intensity of the optical signal.
2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The focusing part includes a lens barrel, a nutating coupling lens and a pressure cover; A nutating coupling mirror is fixed in the lens barrel and is connected to the end of the sleeve through threads; the interior of the nutating coupling mirror includes a spacer and a lens; The pressure cover is used to lock the nutating coupling mirror in the lens barrel.
3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The end cover is fixed to one end of the sleeve by bolts.
4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The pad is made of insulating material and is connected to the end cover via bolts.
5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The axis of the middle boss forms an acute angle of 24° with the axis of the straight plate.
6. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that The end cap, the sleeve, the lens barrel and the pressure cover are all made of opaque materials.
7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The electrical connection structure between the control device and the piezoelectric ceramic specifically includes: a first control channel connected to the positive electrode of the piezoelectric ceramic X1; a second control channel connected to the positive electrode of the piezoelectric ceramic Y1; a third control channel connected to the positive electrodes of the piezoelectric ceramic X2 and the piezoelectric ceramic Y2 at the same time; the negative electrodes of the piezoelectric ceramic X1 and the piezoelectric ceramic Y1 are grounded at the same time; the negative electrode of the piezoelectric ceramic Y2 is connected to the positive electrode of the piezoelectric ceramic Y1; and the negative electrode of the piezoelectric ceramic X2 is connected to the positive electrode of the piezoelectric ceramic X1.
8. An adaptive fiber nutation coupling method using the device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, including an XY plane adjustment method, specifically comprising: Step 1: When the control device receives the optical signal, it randomly generates a disturbance voltage combination , and corresponds to the voltage combination applied to the contemporary piezoelectric ceramics The specific expression is: ； in, represents the channel number, and The mean of is zero and the variance is equal; Step 2: When the control device receives the adjusted optical signal, it generates a first evaluation function value , used to evaluate the optical signal strength, the specific formula is: ； Step 3: The control device reverses the disturbance voltage combination to obtain the next disturbance voltage combination, and then applies the corresponding piezoelectric ceramic voltage combination to the current superior; Step 4: When the control device receives the adjusted optical signal, it generates a second evaluation function value , used to evaluate the optical signal strength, the specific formula is: ； Step 5: Calculate the change between the first evaluation function value and the second evaluation function value , the specific formula is: ； Step 6: Based on the change , calculate the next generation of piezoelectric ceramic voltage combination, execute step 1 until the preset iteration end condition is reached. The specific formula is: ； in, Indicates The piezoelectric ceramic voltage combination of the generation; Indicates The piezoelectric ceramic voltage combination of the generation; Represents the step size parameter.
9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The preset iteration end condition is the change amount The value of is zero.
10. An adaptive optical fiber nutation coupling system, characterized in that: It includes an electrical signal receiving module, a data processing module and a voltage generating module; The electrical signal receiving module is used to receive the electrical signal converted from the optical signal in real time; The data processing module is used to execute the method according to claim 8 according to the electrical signal to obtain the voltage value in real time; The voltage generating module is used to send the voltage value to the piezoelectric ceramic in real time.