A method and system for risk assessment of frozen soil roads based on multi-source remote sensing data

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of frozen soil highway risk prediction, and discloses a frozen soil highway risk assessment method and system based on multi-source remote sensing data, the method comprising: collecting deformation displacement, crack information and surface information of the frozen soil highway; calculating deformation index according to deformation displacement, calculating deformation assessment value according to deformation index, calculating crack influence value according to crack information, adjusting deformation assessment value according to crack influence value, and obtaining deformation assessment final value; calculating surface assessment value according to surface temperature and surface humidity, calculating vegetation coverage change rate within a preset time according to vegetation coverage, adjusting surface assessment value according to vegetation coverage change rate, and obtaining surface assessment final value; calculating risk assessment value according to deformation assessment final value and surface assessment final value, and predicting risk level of frozen soil highway according to risk assessment value. The present invention realizes multi-dimensional assessment and prediction of frozen soil highway risk.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of frozen soil highway risk prediction, and in particular to a frozen soil highway risk assessment method and system based on multi-source remote sensing data. Background Art

[0002] Frozen roads play a vital role in transportation and traffic in cold regions, especially in the cold and alpine regions of the north. Frozen roads are important infrastructure connecting remote areas and cities. However, roads in frozen areas face unique environmental challenges, such as freeze-thaw cycles, soil expansion, settlement, cracking, etc. These factors not only affect the service life of roads, but also threaten traffic safety. Therefore, effective assessment and prediction of the risks of frozen roads has become an important issue to ensure road safety, optimize maintenance management, and improve the quality of road construction.

[0003] Traditional risk assessment methods for frozen soil roads mainly rely on ground monitoring and use temperature, humidity and other meteorological data for assessment, but this method has the disadvantage of incomplete data risk assessment.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a frozen soil highway risk assessment method and system based on multi-source remote sensing data to solve the problem of incomplete risk assessment of existing technical data. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention proposes a frozen soil highway risk assessment method and system based on multi-source remote sensing data, aiming to solve the problem of incomplete risk assessment of data in the prior art.

[0006] On the one hand, the present invention proposes a frozen soil highway risk assessment method based on multi-source remote sensing data, comprising:

[0007] Collect deformation displacement, crack information and surface information of the frozen soil road; wherein the deformation displacement includes vertical displacement and horizontal displacement, the crack information includes the number of cracks, crack length, crack width and crack depth, and the surface information includes surface temperature, surface humidity and vegetation coverage;

[0008] Calculating a deformation index according to the deformation displacement, calculating a deformation assessment value according to the deformation index, judging whether to adjust the deformation assessment value according to the number of cracks, and if it is judged to be adjusted, calculating a crack influence value according to the crack information, adjusting the deformation assessment value according to the crack influence value, and obtaining a final deformation assessment value;

[0009] Calculating a surface assessment value according to the surface temperature and the surface humidity, calculating a vegetation coverage change rate within a preset time according to the vegetation coverage, judging whether to adjust the surface assessment value according to the vegetation coverage change rate, and if it is judged that adjustment is required, adjusting the surface assessment value according to the vegetation coverage change rate to obtain a final surface assessment value;

[0010] A risk assessment value is calculated according to the deformation assessment final value and the surface assessment final value, and the risk level of the frozen soil highway is predicted according to the risk assessment value.

[0011] Furthermore, the calculation of the deformation index according to the deformation displacement includes:

[0012] The deformation index is calculated according to the following formula:

[0013] ;

[0014] In the above formula, represents the deformation index, n represents the number of deformation areas, represents the i-th deformation area, i=1,2,3,…,n, represents the vertical displacement of the i-th deformation area, Represents the horizontal displacement of the i-th deformation area.

[0015] Furthermore, the calculation of the deformation evaluation value according to the deformation index includes:

[0016] Set the deformation evaluation full score Px0, and calculate the deformation evaluation value according to the following formula:

[0017] Px = Px0*(1-wd);

[0018] In the above formula, Px represents the deformation evaluation value, Px0 represents the full score of the deformation evaluation, and wd represents the deformation index adjustment coefficient, where the value range of wd is 0-1.

[0019] Further, judging whether to adjust the deformation assessment value according to the number of cracks includes:

[0020] Setting a maximum value for the number of cracks, and if the number of cracks on the frozen soil road is greater than or equal to the maximum value for the number of cracks, determining whether to adjust the deformation assessment value;

[0021] If the number of cracks on the frozen soil road is less than the maximum number of cracks, it is determined that the deformation assessment value is not to be adjusted, and the deformation assessment value is used as the final deformation assessment value.

[0022] Furthermore, if it is determined to be an adjustment, a crack influence value is calculated according to the crack information, and the deformation assessment value is adjusted according to the crack influence value to obtain a final deformation assessment value, including:

[0023] The crack information is calculated according to the following formula to calculate the crack impact value:

[0024] C= ;

[0025] In the above formula, C represents the crack impact value, N represents the number of cracks, j represents the jth crack, j=1,2,3,…,N, represents the influence coefficient of the number of cracks, β represents the influence coefficient of the length, width and depth of the cracks, The value ranges of and β are both 0-1, Lj represents the length of the j-th crack, Wj represents the width of the j-th crack, and Dj represents the depth of the j-th crack;

[0026] The final deformation evaluation value is calculated according to the following formula:

[0027] Px1=Px*(1-wc);

[0028] In the above formula, Px1 represents the final value of deformation assessment, Px represents the deformation assessment value, wc represents the crack influence value adjustment coefficient, and the value range of wc is 0-1.

[0029] Furthermore, the calculation of the surface assessment value according to the surface temperature and the surface humidity includes:

[0030] Set the surface assessment full score Pd0, and calculate the surface assessment value according to the following formula:

[0031] Pd=Pd0*w1+Pd0*w2;

[0032] In the above formula, Pd represents the surface assessment value, Pd0 represents the full score of the surface assessment, w1 represents the surface temperature influence coefficient, and w2 represents the surface humidity influence coefficient. The value ranges of w1 and w2 are both 0-0.5.

[0033] Further, the calculating of the vegetation coverage change rate within a preset time according to the vegetation coverage, and judging whether to adjust the surface assessment value according to the vegetation coverage change rate, includes:

[0034] Vegetation coverage change rate = (current vegetation coverage - vegetation coverage before the preset time) / vegetation coverage before the preset time;

[0035] If the vegetation coverage change rate is less than zero, it is determined that the surface assessment value needs to be adjusted;

[0036] If the vegetation coverage change rate is greater than or equal to zero, it is determined that there is no need to adjust the surface assessment value, and the surface assessment value is used as the final surface assessment value.

[0037] Furthermore, if it is determined that adjustment is needed, the surface assessment value is adjusted according to the vegetation coverage change rate to obtain the final surface assessment value, including:

[0038] Setting a first change rate and a second change rate, wherein the first change rate is smaller than the second change rate;

[0039] If the vegetation coverage change rate is less than the first change rate, the surface assessment value is adjusted by a first adjustment coefficient to obtain a surface assessment final value Pd1;

[0040] If the vegetation coverage change rate is greater than or equal to the first change rate and less than or equal to the second change rate, the surface assessment value is adjusted by a second adjustment coefficient to obtain a surface assessment final value Pd1;

[0041] If the vegetation coverage change rate is greater than the second change rate, the surface assessment value is adjusted by a third adjustment coefficient to obtain a surface assessment final value Pd1;

[0042] Among them, 0<first adjustment coefficient<second adjustment coefficient<third adjustment coefficient<1.

[0043] Furthermore, the calculating of the risk assessment value according to the deformation assessment final value and the surface assessment final value, and predicting the risk level of the frozen soil highway according to the risk assessment value, includes:

[0044] P=Px1*a+Pd1*b;

[0045] In the above formula, P represents the risk assessment value, Px1 represents the deformation assessment final value, a represents the deformation assessment final value weight coefficient, Pd1 represents the surface assessment final value, and b represents the surface assessment final value weight coefficient, where the value range of a and b is 0-1;

[0046] Setting a first evaluation value and a second evaluation value, wherein the first evaluation value is smaller than the second evaluation value;

[0047] If the risk assessment value is greater than the second assessment value, it is predicted that the risk level of the frozen soil road is level one;

[0048] If the risk assessment value is less than or equal to the second assessment value, and greater than or equal to the first assessment value, it is predicted that the risk level of the frozen soil road is level 2;

[0049] If the risk assessment value is less than the first assessment value, the risk level of the frozen soil road is predicted to be level three;

[0050] Among them, the risk levels from low to high are level one, level two and level three.

[0051] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is that the present invention can comprehensively analyze the risk status of frozen soil roads from multiple perspectives by combining deformation displacement, crack information and surface environmental factors. The method first evaluates the deformation and structural damage of the road through deformation displacement and crack information to ensure real-time monitoring of physical damage; secondly, the changes in surface temperature, humidity and vegetation coverage further consider the impact of environmental factors on frozen soil, effectively reflecting the potential threat of frozen soil freeze-thaw process and ecological changes to highway stability. By introducing the vegetation coverage change rate, the surface assessment value can be dynamically adjusted to adapt to the risk fluctuations caused by different seasons and climate changes. Finally, the comprehensive calculation of the deformation assessment final value and the surface assessment final value obtains the risk assessment value, which provides a scientific basis for the risk level prediction of frozen soil roads. This method not only improves the accuracy of risk assessment, but also can identify and predict potential risks in real time and dynamically, facilitates the implementation of targeted prevention and control measures, and effectively reduces the accident rate and maintenance cost of frozen soil roads.

[0052] On the other hand, the present application also provides a frozen soil highway risk assessment system based on multi-source remote sensing data, including:

[0053] The collection module is configured to collect deformation displacement, crack information and surface information of the frozen soil road; wherein the deformation displacement includes vertical displacement and horizontal displacement, the crack information includes the number of cracks, crack length, crack width and crack depth, and the surface information includes surface temperature, surface humidity and vegetation coverage;

[0054] a deformation assessment module, configured to calculate a deformation index according to the deformation displacement, calculate a deformation assessment value according to the deformation index, determine whether to adjust the deformation assessment value according to the number of cracks, and if it is determined to be adjusted, calculate a crack influence value according to the crack information, adjust the deformation assessment value according to the crack influence value, and obtain a final deformation assessment value;

[0055] a surface assessment module configured to calculate a surface assessment value according to the surface temperature and the surface humidity, calculate a vegetation coverage change rate within a preset time according to the vegetation coverage, determine whether to adjust the surface assessment value according to the vegetation coverage change rate, and if it is determined that adjustment is required, adjust the surface assessment value according to the vegetation coverage change rate to obtain a final surface assessment value;

[0056] The risk level prediction module is configured to calculate a risk assessment value according to the deformation assessment final value and the surface assessment final value, and predict the risk level of the frozen soil highway according to the risk assessment value.

[0057] It can be understood that the frozen soil highway risk assessment method and system based on multi-source remote sensing data provided in this application have the same beneficial effects and will not be described in detail here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0058] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. Moreover, the same reference symbols are used throughout the accompanying drawings to represent the same components. In the accompanying drawings:

[0059] Figure 1 A flow chart of a frozen soil highway risk assessment method based on multi-source remote sensing data provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 2 A functional block diagram of a frozen soil highway risk assessment system based on multi-source remote sensing data provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided in order to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features described in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0062] In some embodiments of the present application, see Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a frozen soil highway risk assessment method based on multi-source remote sensing data, including the following steps:

[0063] S100, collecting deformation displacement, crack information and surface information of the frozen soil road; wherein the deformation displacement includes vertical displacement and horizontal displacement, the crack information includes the number of cracks, crack length, crack width and crack depth, and the surface information includes surface temperature, surface humidity and vegetation coverage;

[0064] S200, calculating a deformation index according to the deformation displacement, calculating a deformation assessment value according to the deformation index, judging whether to adjust the deformation assessment value according to the number of cracks, and if it is judged to be adjusted, calculating a crack influence value according to the crack information, adjusting the deformation assessment value according to the crack influence value, and obtaining a final deformation assessment value;

[0065] S300, calculating a surface assessment value according to the surface temperature and the surface humidity, calculating a vegetation coverage change rate within a preset time according to the vegetation coverage, judging whether to adjust the surface assessment value according to the vegetation coverage change rate, and if it is judged that adjustment is required, adjusting the surface assessment value according to the vegetation coverage change rate to obtain a final surface assessment value;

[0066] S400: Calculate a risk assessment value according to the deformation assessment final value and the surface assessment final value, and predict the risk level of the frozen soil highway according to the risk assessment value.

[0067] It is understandable that the present invention can comprehensively analyze the risk status of frozen soil roads from multiple perspectives by combining deformation displacement, crack information and surface environmental factors. The method first evaluates the deformation and structural damage of the road through deformation displacement and crack information to ensure real-time monitoring of physical damage; secondly, the changes in surface temperature, humidity and vegetation coverage further consider the impact of environmental factors on frozen soil, effectively reflecting the potential threat of frozen soil freeze-thaw process and ecological changes to highway stability. By introducing the vegetation coverage change rate, the surface assessment value can be dynamically adjusted to adapt to the risk fluctuations caused by different seasons and climate changes. Finally, the comprehensive calculation of the deformation assessment final value and the surface assessment final value obtains the risk assessment value, which provides a scientific basis for the risk level prediction of frozen soil roads. This method not only improves the accuracy of risk assessment, but also can identify and predict potential risks in real time and dynamically, facilitates the implementation of targeted prevention and control measures, and effectively reduces the accident rate and maintenance cost of frozen soil roads.

[0068] Preferably, the deformation displacement of the frozen soil road is collected by using synthetic aperture radar differential interferometry measurement technology, and the crack information of the frozen soil road is collected by using laser radar.

[0069] In some embodiments of the present application, when calculating the deformation index according to the deformation displacement, it includes:

[0070] The deformation index was calculated according to the following formula:

[0071] ;

[0072] In the above formula, represents the deformation index, n represents the number of deformation areas, represents the i-th deformation area, i=1,2,3,…,n, represents the vertical displacement of the i-th deformation area, Represents the horizontal displacement of the i-th deformation area.

[0073] It is understandable that by calculating the deformation index based on the deformation displacement, the deformation degree of frozen soil roads in different areas can be effectively quantified, thereby providing objective data support for risk assessment. The deformation index combines the vertical displacement and the horizontal displacement, and can comprehensively reflect the ground settlement, deformation and cracking of frozen soil roads, especially under the influence of factors such as freeze-thaw cycles and soil expansion. Through the comprehensive calculation of multiple deformation areas, this method can provide the risk status of frozen soil roads at different locations, and help predict possible structural damage and road safety hazards. Compared with the traditional single monitoring method, the calculation based on the deformation index can more accurately reflect the overall and local deformation trends of frozen soil roads, provide a scientific basis for subsequent risk assessment, early warning and maintenance decisions, and have higher accuracy and reliability.

[0074] In some embodiments of the present application, when calculating the deformation evaluation value according to the deformation index, it includes:

[0075] Set the deformation evaluation full score Px0 and calculate the deformation evaluation value according to the following formula:

[0076] Px = Px0*(1-wd);

[0077] In the above formula, Px represents the deformation evaluation value, Px0 represents the full score of the deformation evaluation, and wd represents the deformation index adjustment coefficient, where the value range of wd is 0-1.

[0078] It is understandable that by setting the full score of deformation assessment and introducing the deformation index adjustment coefficient, the deformation assessment value can be flexibly adjusted to more accurately reflect the actual risk status of frozen soil roads. The calculation formula of the deformation assessment value takes into account the influence of the deformation index, and dynamically adjusts the assessment result through the deformation index adjustment coefficient. The range of the deformation index adjustment coefficient is 0 to 1, which means that when the deformation index is large, wd approaches 1, thereby significantly reducing the assessment value, reflecting a higher risk; when the deformation index is small, wd is small, and the assessment value is closer to the full score Px0, indicating a lower risk. The deformation assessment value can be accurately adjusted according to the deformation conditions in different regions and different time periods, providing higher adaptability and accuracy for risk assessment, and can effectively improve the ability to identify and warn of frozen soil road risks.

[0079] In some embodiments of the present application, judging whether to adjust the deformation assessment value according to the number of cracks includes:

[0080] Set the maximum number of cracks. If the number of cracks on the frozen soil road is greater than or equal to the maximum number of cracks, the deformation assessment value is adjusted.

[0081] If the number of cracks on the frozen soil road is less than the maximum number of cracks, it is determined that the deformation assessment value will not be adjusted, and the deformation assessment value is used as the final deformation assessment value.

[0082] It can be understood that by setting the maximum value of the number of cracks and judging whether to adjust the deformation assessment value based on the actual number of cracks, dynamic adjustments can be effectively made according to the actual crack conditions of the highway. This method can accurately reflect the severity of cracks and their impact on the risk of frozen soil highways. When the number of cracks is greater than or equal to the set maximum value, it means that the degree of damage to the road is large, and the deformation assessment value needs to be adjusted accordingly to improve the sensitivity of risk warning; when the number of cracks is less than the maximum value, it means that the crack problem of the highway is relatively light, and the deformation assessment value does not need to be adjusted at this time, so as to maintain the stability of the assessment. Through this adjustment mechanism based on the number of cracks, the safety of frozen soil highways can be evaluated more accurately, effectively avoiding over-evaluation or underestimation of risks, and providing a scientific basis for highway maintenance and management.

[0083] In some embodiments of the present application, if it is determined to be an adjustment, the crack influence value is calculated according to the crack information, and the deformation assessment value is adjusted according to the crack influence value to obtain the final deformation assessment value, including:

[0084] Calculate the crack information and calculate the crack impact value according to the following formula:

[0085] C= ;

[0086] In the above formula, C represents the crack impact value, N represents the number of cracks, j represents the jth crack, j=1,2,3,…,N, represents the influence coefficient of the number of cracks, β represents the influence coefficient of the length, width and depth of the cracks, The value ranges of and β are both 0-1, Lj represents the length of the j-th crack, Wj represents the width of the j-th crack, and Dj represents the depth of the j-th crack;

[0087] The final value of deformation evaluation is calculated according to the following formula:

[0088] Px1=Px*(1-wc);

[0089] In the above formula, Px1 represents the final value of deformation assessment, Px represents the deformation assessment value, wc represents the crack influence value adjustment coefficient, and the value range of wc is 0-1.

[0090] It is understandable that by introducing the crack impact value C and the crack impact value adjustment coefficient wc to adjust the deformation assessment value, the actual impact of cracks on the risk of frozen soil roads can be considered more accurately. The calculation of the crack impact value combines multiple factors such as the number, length, width and depth of cracks, as well as the influence coefficients of the number, length, width and depth on the safety of road structures, ensuring a comprehensive assessment of different types of cracks. When the number and size of cracks are large, the crack impact value C will increase significantly, so that the deformation assessment value Px can be reasonably adjusted through the crack impact value adjustment coefficient wc to obtain the final deformation assessment value Px1, which can reflect the negative impact of cracks on road stability and ensure timely correction when the road risk is high. By incorporating crack factors into the deformation assessment system, the accuracy and flexibility of risk assessment can be improved, helping decision makers to better identify and respond to possible risks of frozen soil roads, thereby optimizing road maintenance and management strategies.

[0091] In some embodiments of the present application, when calculating the ground surface assessment value according to the ground surface temperature and the ground surface humidity, it includes:

[0092] Set the surface assessment full score Pd0 and calculate the surface assessment value according to the following formula:

[0093] Pd=Pd0*w1+Pd0*w2;

[0094] In the above formula, Pd represents the surface assessment value, Pd0 represents the full score of the surface assessment, w1 represents the surface temperature influence coefficient, and w2 represents the surface humidity influence coefficient. The value ranges of w1 and w2 are both 0-0.5.

[0095] It is understandable that by calculating the surface assessment value based on the surface temperature and surface humidity, the impact of environmental factors on the risk of frozen soil roads can be considered more accurately. The full score for the surface assessment is set and the surface temperature influence coefficient and the surface humidity influence coefficient are introduced so that the surface assessment value can be dynamically adjusted according to the changes in surface temperature and surface humidity. As important factors affecting the changes in frozen soil, the surface temperature influence coefficient and the surface humidity influence coefficient can flexibly evaluate the impact of frozen soil on road stability according to actual environmental conditions. When the surface temperature and surface humidity are more extreme, the adjustment of the assessment value can accurately reflect the increased risk that frozen soil roads may face, thereby improving the accuracy of the assessment results, which not only enhances the adaptability of the assessment, but also helps to capture the impact of environmental changes on the structural stability of frozen soil roads in real time, providing a reliable basis for risk management.

[0096] In some embodiments of the present application, when calculating the vegetation coverage change rate within a preset time according to the vegetation coverage, and determining whether to adjust the surface assessment value according to the vegetation coverage change rate, it includes:

[0097] Vegetation coverage change rate = (current vegetation coverage - vegetation coverage before the preset time) / vegetation coverage before the preset time;

[0098] If the vegetation cover change rate is less than zero, it is judged that the surface assessment value needs to be adjusted;

[0099] If the vegetation coverage change rate is greater than or equal to zero, it is determined that there is no need to adjust the surface assessment value, and the surface assessment value is used as the final surface assessment value.

[0100] It is understandable that by calculating the vegetation coverage change rate and judging whether to adjust the surface assessment value based on the vegetation coverage change rate, the potential impact of vegetation changes on the risk of frozen soil roads can be more accurately reflected. Vegetation coverage is an important indicator of ecological and environmental changes in frozen soil areas, which directly affects the stability and hydrological characteristics of the soil. When the vegetation coverage rate decreases, the soil is easily eroded by factors such as wind and precipitation, which in turn affects the structural stability of frozen soil. By calculating the vegetation coverage change rate, if the change rate is less than zero, it indicates that the vegetation coverage has decreased, which may lead to higher risks. At this time, the surface assessment value needs to be adjusted to reflect the negative impact of ecological changes on road safety; if the change rate is greater than or equal to zero, it means that the vegetation coverage is stable or increasing, and the original assessment value can be maintained. This method ensures that the impact of vegetation changes can be dynamically considered in the assessment process, enhances the flexibility and accuracy of the assessment, and helps decision makers take timely measures to deal with the risks brought about by possible environmental changes.

[0101] In some embodiments of the present application, if it is determined that adjustment is required, the surface assessment value is adjusted according to the vegetation coverage change rate to obtain the surface assessment final value, including:

[0102] Setting a first change rate and a second change rate, wherein the first change rate is smaller than the second change rate;

[0103] If the vegetation coverage change rate is less than the first change rate, the surface assessment value is adjusted by the first adjustment coefficient to obtain the surface assessment final value Pd1;

[0104] If the vegetation coverage change rate is greater than or equal to the first change rate and less than or equal to the second change rate, the surface assessment value is adjusted by the second adjustment coefficient to obtain the surface assessment final value Pd1;

[0105] If the vegetation coverage change rate is greater than the second change rate, the surface assessment value is adjusted by the third adjustment coefficient to obtain the surface assessment final value Pd1;

[0106] Among them, 0<first adjustment coefficient<second adjustment coefficient<third adjustment coefficient<1.

[0107] It is understandable that the use of different adjustment coefficients to adjust the surface assessment value step by step according to different vegetation coverage change rate ranges can more finely reflect the impact of vegetation changes on the risk of frozen soil roads, so that the assessment process can be graded according to the degree of vegetation coverage change. If the vegetation coverage change rate is less than the first change rate, the first adjustment coefficient is used, indicating that the impact of vegetation changes on the risk has reached a large extent, and the adjustment range of the assessment value is the largest; when the vegetation coverage change rate is between the first and second change rates, the second adjustment coefficient is used, indicating that the impact of vegetation changes on the risk is moderate, and the assessment adjustment range is moderate; if the vegetation coverage change rate exceeds the second change rate, the third adjustment coefficient is used, indicating slight vegetation degradation or change, and the adjustment range is small, which can more flexibly and accurately adapt to the impact of different degrees of vegetation changes on the stability of frozen soil roads, improve the reliability and adaptability of the assessment, and help to more effectively manage and predict the risks of frozen soil roads.

[0108] Preferably, the final value of the surface assessment is the product of the surface assessment value and the first adjustment coefficient, the second adjustment coefficient, or the third adjustment coefficient.

[0109] In some embodiments of the present application, a risk assessment value is calculated according to a deformation assessment final value and a surface assessment final value, and a risk level of a frozen soil road is predicted according to the risk assessment value, including:

[0110] P=Px1*a+Pd1*b;

[0111] In the above formula, P represents the risk assessment value, Px1 represents the deformation assessment final value, a represents the deformation assessment final value weight coefficient, Pd1 represents the surface assessment final value, and b represents the surface assessment final value weight coefficient, where the value range of a and b is 0-1;

[0112] Setting a first evaluation value and a second evaluation value, wherein the first evaluation value is smaller than the second evaluation value;

[0113] If the risk assessment value is greater than the second assessment value, the risk level of the predicted frozen soil highway is level one;

[0114] If the risk assessment value is less than or equal to the second assessment value, and greater than or equal to the first assessment value, the risk level of the predicted frozen soil highway is level 2;

[0115] If the risk assessment value is less than the first assessment value, the risk level of the frozen soil highway is predicted to be level three;

[0116] Among them, the risk levels from low to high are level one, level two and level three.

[0117] It is understandable that by combining the deformation assessment final value and the surface assessment final value to calculate the comprehensive risk assessment value, and predicting the risk level of the frozen soil highway according to the set risk assessment value range, this method can comprehensively and comprehensively reflect the impact of the deformation and environmental changes of the frozen soil highway on its risk. The risk assessment value is obtained by weighting the deformation and surface assessment values. The weight coefficient allows the assessment results to be flexibly adjusted according to the importance of different factors, so as to more accurately reflect the actual situation. By setting a reasonable assessment value interval (first assessment value and second assessment value), hierarchical management can be achieved to ensure more accurate risk prediction. When the risk assessment value is high, it means that the highway risk is small and the level is level one; when the assessment value is in the medium range, the predicted risk is level two; and when the risk assessment value is low, the predicted risk level is level three. This hierarchical prediction method helps to identify high-risk areas in a timely manner, provide a scientific basis for maintenance decisions and risk response of frozen soil highways, and effectively improve the pertinence and early warning capabilities of road management.

[0118] On the other hand, see Figure 2 As shown, the present application also provides a frozen soil highway risk assessment system based on multi-source remote sensing data, which is used to apply the above-mentioned frozen soil highway risk assessment method based on multi-source remote sensing data, including:

[0119] The collection module is configured to collect deformation displacement, crack information and surface information of the frozen soil road; wherein the deformation displacement includes vertical displacement and horizontal displacement, the crack information includes the number of cracks, crack length, crack width and crack depth, and the surface information includes surface temperature, surface humidity and vegetation coverage;

[0120] A deformation assessment module is configured to calculate a deformation index according to the deformation displacement, calculate a deformation assessment value according to the deformation index, determine whether to adjust the deformation assessment value according to the number of cracks, and if it is determined to be adjusted, calculate a crack influence value according to the crack information, adjust the deformation assessment value according to the crack influence value, and obtain a final deformation assessment value;

[0121] A surface assessment module is configured to calculate a surface assessment value according to surface temperature and surface humidity, calculate a vegetation coverage change rate within a preset time according to vegetation coverage, determine whether to adjust the surface assessment value according to the vegetation coverage change rate, and if it is determined that adjustment is required, adjust the surface assessment value according to the vegetation coverage change rate to obtain a final surface assessment value;

[0122] The risk level prediction module is configured to calculate a risk assessment value according to a deformation assessment final value and a surface assessment final value, and predict the risk level of the frozen soil highway according to the risk assessment value.

[0123] It is understandable that the frozen soil highway risk assessment system based on multi-source remote sensing data provided by the present application can efficiently and comprehensively conduct risk assessment of frozen soil highways by integrating multiple functional modules. The acquisition module can accurately obtain the deformation displacement, crack information and surface environmental data of the frozen soil highway, and provide comprehensive data support for subsequent analysis. The deformation assessment module ensures accurate assessment of the deformation of the frozen soil highway by calculating the deformation index and dynamically adjusting it in combination with the crack information; the surface assessment module reflects the impact of environmental factors on highway stability through a comprehensive analysis of temperature, humidity and vegetation coverage, and further improves the accuracy of the assessment. The risk level prediction module calculates the comprehensive risk assessment value based on the deformation assessment final value and the surface assessment final value, and predicts the risk level of the highway based on this value, helping decision makers to identify and respond to potential risks in a timely manner. The system can not only improve the accuracy of risk assessment, but also realize automated and real-time risk monitoring, provide scientific decision-making basis for the maintenance and management of frozen soil highways, and significantly improve the efficiency of road safety management.

[0124] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems or computer program products. Therefore, the present application may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, the present application may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program codes.

[0125] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems) and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0126] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0127] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process in the computer or other programmable device. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A step that specifies a function in one or more boxes.

[0128] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A frozen soil highway risk assessment method based on multi-source remote sensing data, characterized in that: include: Collect deformation displacement, crack information and surface information of the frozen soil road; wherein the deformation displacement includes vertical displacement and horizontal displacement, the crack information includes the number of cracks, crack length, crack width and crack depth, and the surface information includes surface temperature, surface humidity and vegetation coverage; Calculating a deformation index according to the deformation displacement, calculating a deformation assessment value according to the deformation index, judging whether to adjust the deformation assessment value according to the number of cracks, and if it is judged to be adjusted, calculating a crack influence value according to the crack information, adjusting the deformation assessment value according to the crack influence value, and obtaining a final deformation assessment value; Calculating a surface assessment value according to the surface temperature and the surface humidity, calculating a vegetation coverage change rate within a preset time according to the vegetation coverage, judging whether to adjust the surface assessment value according to the vegetation coverage change rate, and if it is judged that adjustment is required, adjusting the surface assessment value according to the vegetation coverage change rate to obtain a final surface assessment value; Calculating a risk assessment value according to the deformation assessment final value and the surface assessment final value, and predicting the risk level of the frozen soil highway according to the risk assessment value; The deformation index is calculated according to the following formula: ； In the above formula, d represents the deformation index, n represents the number of deformation regions, i represents the i-th deformation region, i=1,2,3,…,n, dvi represents the vertical displacement of the i-th deformation region, and dhi represents the horizontal displacement of the i-th deformation region.

2. The method for risk assessment of frozen soil roads based on multi-source remote sensing data according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step of calculating the deformation evaluation value according to the deformation index includes: Set the deformation evaluation full score Px0, and calculate the deformation evaluation value according to the following formula: Px = Px0*(1-wd); In the above formula, Px represents the deformation evaluation value, Px0 represents the full score of the deformation evaluation, and wd represents the deformation index adjustment coefficient, where the value range of wd is 0-1.

3. The method for risk assessment of frozen soil roads based on multi-source remote sensing data according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The step of judging whether to adjust the deformation assessment value according to the number of cracks includes: Setting a maximum value for the number of cracks, and if the number of cracks on the frozen soil road is greater than or equal to the maximum value for the number of cracks, determining whether to adjust the deformation assessment value; If the number of cracks on the frozen soil road is less than the maximum number of cracks, it is determined that the deformation assessment value is not to be adjusted, and the deformation assessment value is used as the final deformation assessment value.

4. The method for risk assessment of frozen soil roads based on multi-source remote sensing data according to claim 3 is characterized in that: If it is determined to be an adjustment, the crack influence value is calculated according to the crack information, and the deformation assessment value is adjusted according to the crack influence value to obtain the deformation assessment final value, including: The crack information is calculated according to the following formula to calculate the crack impact value: C= ； In the above formula, C represents the crack influence value, N represents the number of cracks, j represents the jth crack, j=1,2,3,…,N, α represents the crack number influence coefficient, β represents the influence coefficient of the crack length, width and depth, the value range of α and β are both 0-1, Lj represents the jth crack length, Wj represents the jth crack width, and Dj represents the jth crack depth; The final deformation evaluation value is calculated according to the following formula: Px1=Px*(1-wc); In the above formula, Px1 represents the final value of deformation assessment, Px represents the deformation assessment value, wc represents the crack influence value adjustment coefficient, and the value range of wc is 0-1.

5. The method for risk assessment of frozen soil roads based on multi-source remote sensing data according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The calculating of the surface assessment value according to the surface temperature and the surface humidity includes: Set the surface assessment full score Pd0, and calculate the surface assessment value according to the following formula: Pd=Pd0*w1+Pd0*w2; In the above formula, Pd represents the surface assessment value, Pd0 represents the full score of the surface assessment, w1 represents the surface temperature influence coefficient, and w2 represents the surface humidity influence coefficient. The value ranges of w1 and w2 are both 0-0.

5.

6. The method for risk assessment of frozen soil roads based on multi-source remote sensing data according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The step of calculating the vegetation coverage change rate within a preset time according to the vegetation coverage, and judging whether to adjust the ground surface assessment value according to the vegetation coverage change rate includes: Vegetation coverage change rate = (current vegetation coverage - vegetation coverage before the preset time) / vegetation coverage before the preset time; If the vegetation coverage change rate is less than zero, it is determined that the surface assessment value needs to be adjusted; If the vegetation coverage change rate is greater than or equal to zero, it is determined that there is no need to adjust the surface assessment value, and the surface assessment value is used as the final surface assessment value.

7. The method for risk assessment of frozen soil roads based on multi-source remote sensing data according to claim 6 is characterized in that: If it is determined that adjustment is needed, the surface assessment value is adjusted according to the vegetation coverage change rate to obtain the final surface assessment value, including: Setting a first change rate and a second change rate, wherein the first change rate is smaller than the second change rate; If the vegetation coverage change rate is less than the first change rate, the surface assessment value is adjusted by a first adjustment coefficient to obtain a surface assessment final value Pd1; If the vegetation coverage change rate is greater than or equal to the first change rate and less than or equal to the second change rate, the surface assessment value is adjusted by a second adjustment coefficient to obtain a surface assessment final value Pd1; If the vegetation coverage change rate is greater than the second change rate, the surface assessment value is adjusted by a third adjustment coefficient to obtain a surface assessment final value Pd1; Among them, 0<first adjustment coefficient<second adjustment coefficient<third adjustment coefficient<1.

8. The method for risk assessment of frozen soil roads based on multi-source remote sensing data according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The step of calculating the risk assessment value according to the deformation assessment final value and the surface assessment final value, and predicting the risk level of the frozen soil highway according to the risk assessment value includes: P=Px1*a+Pd1*b; In the above formula, P represents the risk assessment value, Px1 represents the deformation assessment final value, a represents the deformation assessment final value weight coefficient, Pd1 represents the surface assessment final value, and b represents the surface assessment final value weight coefficient, where the value range of a and b is 0-1; Setting a first evaluation value and a second evaluation value, wherein the first evaluation value is smaller than the second evaluation value; If the risk assessment value is greater than the second assessment value, it is predicted that the risk level of the frozen soil road is level one; If the risk assessment value is less than or equal to the second assessment value, and greater than or equal to the first assessment value, it is predicted that the risk level of the frozen soil road is level 2; If the risk assessment value is less than the first assessment value, the risk level of the frozen soil road is predicted to be level three; Among them, the risk levels from low to high are level one, level two and level three.

9. A frozen soil highway risk assessment system based on multi-source remote sensing data, used for applying the frozen soil highway risk assessment method based on multi-source remote sensing data as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: The collection module is configured to collect deformation displacement, crack information and surface information of the frozen soil road; wherein the deformation displacement includes vertical displacement and horizontal displacement, the crack information includes the number of cracks, crack length, crack width and crack depth, and the surface information includes surface temperature, surface humidity and vegetation coverage; a deformation assessment module, configured to calculate a deformation index according to the deformation displacement, calculate a deformation assessment value according to the deformation index, determine whether to adjust the deformation assessment value according to the number of cracks, and if it is determined to be adjusted, calculate a crack influence value according to the crack information, adjust the deformation assessment value according to the crack influence value, and obtain a final deformation assessment value; a surface assessment module configured to calculate a surface assessment value according to the surface temperature and the surface humidity, calculate a vegetation coverage change rate within a preset time according to the vegetation coverage, determine whether to adjust the surface assessment value according to the vegetation coverage change rate, and if it is determined that adjustment is required, adjust the surface assessment value according to the vegetation coverage change rate to obtain a final surface assessment value; The risk level prediction module is configured to calculate a risk assessment value according to the deformation assessment final value and the surface assessment final value, and predict the risk level of the frozen soil highway according to the risk assessment value.

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