Substation construction carbon emission accounting method based on mixed life cycle method

Abstract

The invention discloses a transformer substation construction carbon emission accounting method based on a mixed life cycle method. The accounting method comprises the following steps: S1, obtaining related information of transformer substation construction; s2, collecting a capital input list and a material input list for establishing a substation construction project; s3, according to emission characteristics of each input project, dividing carbon emission sources in the construction stage into a carbon emission traceable group and a carbon emission non-traceable group, and then performing grouping calculation; based on the mixed life cycle method, all building materials, equipment, energy and capital input in the transformer substation construction process serve as carbon emission sources, the carbon emission sources are divided into a carbon emission traceable group and a carbon emission non-traceable group according to the characteristics of carbon emission of the carbon emission sources, the carbon emission accounting boundary is expanded, and the calculation precision is improved; and meanwhile, the input-output carbon emission table is utilized to calculate the carbon non-traceable carbon emission source, so that the carbon emission can be quickly and accurately calculated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of carbon emission accounting for substation construction, and specifically is a carbon emission accounting method for substation construction based on a hybrid life cycle method. Background Art

[0002] Substations are important power facilities in power grids and are widely used in power grids of all levels. However, substation construction requires a large amount of equipment, building materials and energy, and its construction process will generate huge carbon emissions. At present, in the power construction industry, the state and enterprises have not given a clear carbon emission calculation method, lack of quantitative means of carbon emissions during the substation construction stage, and it is difficult to evaluate the impact of substation construction on the environment.

[0003] Existing solutions for calculating carbon emissions from substation construction mainly use the process life cycle method and the carbon emission factor method, and usually divide the life cycle boundary into three stages: building materials and equipment production stage, building materials and equipment transportation stage, and substation civil construction and electrical installation. However, these methods have the following two main problems: Question 1: Limitations of the carbon emission factor method. The use of the carbon emission factor method relies on available, authentic and reliable carbon emission factor data. Actual calculations have found that for building materials, relevant statistical data, carbon emission source census and detection data can usually be obtained from relevant national departments, industry and academia, so it is relatively easy to calculate. However, for a large number of equipment in substations, there is currently a lack of a unified and reliable source of carbon emission factors. Because the equipment covers a large number of materials and has a complex production process, and the production process of some equipment is a commercial secret that is not disclosed to the public, it is difficult to obtain its carbon emission footprint through the process life cycle method.

[0004] Problem 2: Unclear system boundary division. Substation construction is a complex project, and the key to the accounting process is to clearly define the system boundary. However, the existing method only divides the three stages and ignores the land acquisition and resettlement, exploration and other stages involved in the construction of the substation project, which will produce truncation errors. At the same time, similar to Problem 1, the execution process of other projects such as land acquisition and resettlement, survey and design, and feasibility studies is relatively vague, making it difficult to trace their carbon footprint using the process life cycle method.

[0005] In summary, the existing calculation schemes have significant deficiencies in calculating carbon emissions from substation construction. It is urgent to propose a fast calculation method suitable for carbon emissions from substation construction in order to more accurately evaluate its environmental impact.

[0006] Therefore, the applicant proposed a carbon emission accounting method for substation construction based on a hybrid life cycle approach. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a carbon emission accounting method for substation construction based on a hybrid life cycle method, which solves the problem of using the process life cycle method proposed in the background technology to perform carbon emission accounting for substation construction projects, making it difficult to track the carbon emissions of projects with fuzzy carbon emission paths, and having large truncation errors in boundary division, which affects the accurate calculation of carbon emissions.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A method for calculating carbon emissions from substation construction based on a hybrid life cycle method, the method comprising the following steps: S1. Obtain relevant information on substation construction: The relevant information obtained includes the building materials, electricity, fuel, heat consumption, installed equipment, and recycled materials consumed in the construction of the substation to be accounted for; the substation construction process is divided into five stages, of which the first stage is the preparatory stage for the substation construction, which mainly includes two parts: survey, planning and design, and construction land occupation and demolition; the second stage is the production stage of building materials and machinery required for the substation; the third stage is the transportation stage of the required building materials and machinery; the fourth stage is the civil construction and electrical installation stage of the substation, including earthwork engineering, foundation engineering, formwork engineering, steel bar engineering, formwork engineering, masonry engineering, building decoration engineering, structure installation engineering, equipment installation and commissioning engineering; the fifth stage is the later stage of substation construction, which mainly includes the waste and recycling of building materials; S2. Collect the capital investment list and material investment list for substation construction, including construction project costs, installation project costs, equipment purchase costs and other costs, as well as the specific amount of building materials, equipment and energy consumed in the substation construction project; S3. Based on the emission characteristics of each input project, the carbon emission sources in the construction phase are classified into construction project carbon emission sources, material project carbon emission sources, equipment project carbon emission sources and other project carbon emission sources. Among them, the construction project carbon emission sources and material project carbon emission sources belong to the traceable carbon emission source group, and the equipment project carbon emission sources and other project carbon emission sources belong to the non-traceable carbon emission source group. Different calculation methods are used for different groups: (1) in, Total carbon emissions for substation construction, is the carbon emission amount of the traceable group of carbon emission sources, The carbon emissions of the carbon emission source cannot be traced back to the source.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: the specific steps of step S3 also include: For the carbon emission traceability group, a process-based life cycle assessment method is used to calculate its carbon emissions by analyzing the building materials and energy consumed during its life cycle using the carbon emission factor method: (2) in, is the carbon emission of the carbon emission traceability group, Carbon emissions from electricity consumption, Carbon emissions from fuel consumption, Carbon emissions from heat consumption, To reduce carbon emissions from the consumption of building materials, is the carbon emissions during the recycling phase; For the Carbon emissions from electricity consumption in these projects, For the Carbon emissions from fuel consumption in these projects, For the Carbon emissions from heat consumption in these projects, For the Carbon emissions from building materials consumption in these projects, For the Carbon emissions from waste and recycling of building materials for this project; The calculation formula for carbon emissions generated by consuming electrical energy is as follows: (3) in, For the Carbon emissions from electricity consumption per project, For the The consumption of the item Carbon emissions from electricity, For the The consumption of the item The amount of electrical energy, For the Carbon emission factors for electricity-like energy; Electricity is divided into four categories according to its source, each with a different carbon emission factor; The first type of electricity is defined as the electricity obtained by the construction unit through external power purchase. Considering the transmission loss, the carbon emission factor of the first type of electricity is defined as: (4) in, is the first type of electricity carbon emission factor, is the national average carbon dioxide emission factor for electricity (excluding non-fossil energy electricity traded in the market), It is the power transmission and distribution line loss of the power grid; The second category of electricity is defined as electricity generated by engines driven by fossil fuels at the construction site, and the carbon emission factor of the second category of electricity is defined as: (5) in, is the second type of electricity carbon emission factor, is the amount of fuel consumed by the generator, is the carbon emission factor of the consumed fuel, The electrical energy produced by the generator; The third category of electricity is defined as the electricity generated by the new energy power generation equipment at the construction site. It is assumed that the new energy power generation equipment does not produce carbon emissions. The carbon emission factor of the third category of electricity is defined as: (6) in, It is the third type of electricity carbon emission factor; The fourth category of electricity is defined as purchased green electricity, which is produced by new energy power plants and does not generate carbon emissions. The fourth category of carbon emission factors are defined as: (7) in, It is the fourth type of electricity carbon emission factor; The calculation formula for the carbon emissions generated by the fuel consumption is as follows: (8) in, For the Carbon emissions from fuel consumption in these projects, For the Item consumption Carbon emissions from fuels For the The first item consumed The amount of fuel, For the The first item consumed The carbon emission factors corresponding to the fuel.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: the calculation formula of the carbon emissions generated by the consumption of heat is as follows: (9) in, For the Carbon emissions from heat consumption in these projects, For the Carbon emissions from hot water consumption in these projects, For the Carbon emissions from steam consumption in these projects, For the The amount of hot water consumed by each project, For the The amount of steam consumed by each project, is the carbon emission factor for hot water consumption, is the carbon emission factor for the consumed steam; The calculation formula for carbon emissions generated by the consumption of building materials is as follows: (10) in, For the Carbon emissions from building materials consumption in these projects, For the Item consumption Carbon emissions from building materials For the Item consumption The amount of building materials, For the Item consumption Carbon emission factors of various building materials.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: the calculation formula for the carbon emissions from the waste and recycling of building materials is as follows: (11) in, For the Carbon emissions from waste and recycling of building materials for this project, For the Project No. Carbon emissions from waste and recycling of building materials, For the Project No. Carbon emissions from waste and recycling of building materials, For the Project No. Carbon emission factors of various building materials.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: the specific steps of step S3 also include: For the calculation of carbon emissions that cannot be traced back to their source, the input-output carbon emission intensity table is used for calculation, as follows: First, establish a list covering various input items of the carbon emission non-traceable group, and then comprehensively select the domestic input-output carbon emission intensity table of the most suitable year, take that year as the base year and use this table as the base year carbon emission intensity table; next, consider factors such as inflation, convert the investment amount of the accounting year to the base year, and match each input project with the corresponding economic sector; then, multiply the cost of each input project by the base year unit carbon emission intensity of the corresponding department to calculate the carbon emissions of each project; finally, summarize the carbon emissions of each input project and make year corrections to obtain the total carbon emissions of the carbon non-traceable group.

[0013] Step 1: Conversion of investment amounts between China’s accounting year and base year (12) Where: For the construction of substations to be calculated The investment amount of this project in China is calculated as follows: For the substation construction to be calculated The investment amount of each input project converted to China’s base year; The consumer price index of China is the base year. The Consumer Price Index of China for the accounting year; Step 2: Calculation of China’s Base Year Carbon Emissions (13) In the formula, The non-traceable carbon emissions of the substation in China in the base year to be calculated. For the substation construction to be calculated The investment amount of each input project converted to the Chinese base year; For the The carbon emission intensity of the economic sector of the input project in the corresponding Chinese base year; Step 3: Conversion between China’s base year carbon emissions and accounting year carbon emissions (14) in, The non-traceable carbon emissions of the substations to be accounted for in China in the accounting year are: The non-traceable carbon emissions of the substation to be calculated in the base year. The carbon emission intensity of China in the year is calculated. is China’s carbon emission intensity in the base year.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: when there is a lack of relevant input-output carbon emission intensity data in China or the relevant input-output department division is relatively rough, the input-output carbon emission intensity table of other countries or regions is used for calculation. Taking the use of input-output to calculate carbon emissions in country A as an example, the details are as follows: First, select an input-output table closest to the accounting year and set that year as the base year; then convert the investment amount in China's accounting year to the base year, taking into account the impact of factors such as inflation and the differences in purchasing power parity of currencies of various countries, and convert the investment amount in China's accounting year into the investment amount in country A's base year; finally, consider the difference in carbon emission intensity between country A's base year and China's accounting year, and convert the carbon emission intensity in country A's base year into the carbon emission intensity in China's accounting year.

[0015] Step 1: Conversion of investment amounts between China’s accounting year and base year (15) Where: For the construction of substations to be calculated The investment amount of this project in China is calculated as follows: For the substation construction to be calculated The investment amount of each input project converted to China’s base year; The consumer price index of China is the base year. The Consumer Price Index of China for the accounting year; Step 2: Conversion between China’s base year investment amount and Country A’s base year investment amount (16) Where: The first year of the substation to be calculated converted to the base year of country A The amount of investment in the project; The substation to be calculated The investment amount of each investment project in China is calculated as follows: is the purchasing power parity index of China to country A in the base year; Step 3: Calculation of carbon emissions in the base year of Country A (17) In the formula, The non-traceable carbon emissions of the substation to be calculated in the base year of country A. The first year of the substation to be calculated converted to the base year of country A The amount of investment in the project, For the The carbon emission intensity of the economic sector in country A in the base year corresponding to the input project; Step 4: Conversion of carbon emissions between China’s accounting year and Country A’s base year Each investment is multiplied by the carbon emission intensity of the corresponding sector, and the difference in carbon emission intensity between China and Country A is taken into account to calculate the carbon emissions of the non-traceable group in China’s accounting year: (18) Where: The non-traceable carbon emissions of the substations to be accounted for in China in the accounting year are: The non-traceable carbon emissions of the substation to be calculated in the base year of country A. To calculate China’s annual carbon emission intensity; is the carbon emission intensity of country A in the base year.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention is based on a hybrid life cycle approach, including a process life cycle approach and an input-output life cycle approach, and regards all building materials, equipment, energy, and capital invested in the construction of a substation as carbon emission sources, and divides them into a carbon emission traceable group and a carbon emission non-traceable group according to their carbon emission characteristics, thereby expanding the carbon emission accounting boundary and improving the accuracy of the calculation; at the same time, the input-output carbon emission table is used to calculate the carbon emission sources that are not traceable, so that carbon emissions can be calculated quickly and accurately. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative work. Among them: Figure 1 A flow chart of the carbon emission accounting method for substation construction of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the division of carbon emission sources for substation construction according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Example See also Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a method for calculating carbon emissions from substation construction based on a hybrid life cycle method, the method comprising the following steps: 1. Obtain relevant information on substation construction: The relevant information obtained includes the building materials, electricity, fuel, heat consumption, installed equipment, and recycled materials consumed in the construction of the substation to be accounted for; the substation construction process is divided into five stages, of which the first stage is the preparatory stage for the substation construction, which mainly includes two parts: survey, planning and design, and construction land occupation and demolition; the second stage is the production stage of building materials and machinery required for the substation; the third stage is the transportation stage of the required building materials and machinery; the fourth stage is the civil construction and electrical installation stage of the substation, including earthwork engineering, foundation engineering, formwork engineering, steel bar engineering, formwork engineering, masonry engineering, building decoration engineering, structure installation engineering, equipment installation and commissioning engineering; the fifth stage is the later stage of substation construction, which mainly includes the waste and recycling of building materials; 2. Collect the capital investment list and material investment list for substation construction, including construction project costs, installation project costs, equipment purchase costs and other costs, as well as the specific amount of building materials, equipment and energy consumed in the substation construction project; 3. Based on the emission characteristics of each investment project, the carbon emission sources in the construction phase are classified into construction project carbon emission sources, material project carbon emission sources, equipment project carbon emission sources and other project carbon emission sources. Among them, the construction project carbon emission sources and material project carbon emission sources belong to the traceable carbon emission source group, and the equipment project carbon emission sources and other project carbon emission sources belong to the non-traceable carbon emission source group. Different calculation methods are used for different groups: (1) in, Total carbon emissions for substation construction, is the carbon emission amount of the traceable group of carbon emission sources, The carbon emissions of the carbon emission source cannot be traced back to the source.

[0020] For the carbon emission traceability group, a process-based life cycle assessment method is used to calculate its carbon emissions by analyzing the building materials and energy consumed during its life cycle using the carbon emission factor method: (2) in, is the carbon emission of the carbon emission traceability group, Carbon emissions from electricity consumption, Carbon emissions from fuel consumption, Carbon emissions from heat consumption, To reduce carbon emissions from the consumption of building materials, is the carbon emissions during the recycling phase; For the Carbon emissions from electricity consumption in these projects, For the Carbon emissions from fuel consumption in these projects, For the Carbon emissions from heat consumption in these projects, For the Carbon emissions from building materials consumption in these projects, For the Carbon emissions from waste and recycling of building materials for this project; The calculation formula for carbon emissions generated by consuming electrical energy is as follows: (3) in, For the Carbon emissions from electricity consumption per project, For the The consumption of the item Carbon emissions from electricity, For the The consumption of the item The amount of electrical energy, For the Carbon emission factors for electricity-like energy; Electricity is divided into four categories according to its source, each with a different carbon emission factor; The first type of electricity is defined as the electricity obtained by the construction unit through external power purchase. Considering the transmission loss, the carbon emission factor of the first type of electricity is defined as: (4) in, is the first type of electricity carbon emission factor, is the national average carbon dioxide emission factor for electricity (excluding non-fossil energy electricity traded in the market), It is the power transmission and distribution line loss of the power grid; The second category of electricity is defined as electricity generated by engines driven by fossil fuels at the construction site, and the carbon emission factor of the second category of electricity is defined as: (5) in, is the second type of electricity carbon emission factor, is the amount of fuel consumed by the generator, is the carbon emission factor of the consumed fuel, The electrical energy produced by the generator; The third category of electricity is defined as the electricity generated by the new energy power generation equipment at the construction site. It is assumed that the new energy power generation equipment does not produce carbon emissions. The carbon emission factor of the third category of electricity is defined as: (6) in, It is the third type of electricity carbon emission factor; The fourth category of electricity is defined as purchased green electricity, which is produced by new energy power plants and does not generate carbon emissions. The fourth category of carbon emission factors is defined as: (7) in, It is the fourth type of electricity carbon emission factor; The calculation formula for the carbon emissions generated by the fuel consumption is as follows: (8) in, For the Carbon emissions from fuel consumption in these projects, For the Item consumption Carbon emissions from fuels For the The first item consumed The amount of fuel, For the The first item consumed The carbon emission factors corresponding to the fuel.

[0021] As a further solution of the present invention: the calculation formula of the carbon emissions generated by the consumption of heat is as follows: (9) in, For the Carbon emissions from heat consumption in these projects, For the Carbon emissions from hot water consumption in these projects, For the Carbon emissions from steam consumption in these projects, For the The amount of hot water consumed by each project, For the The amount of steam consumed by each project, is the carbon emission factor for hot water consumption, is the carbon emission factor for the consumed steam; The calculation formula for carbon emissions generated by the consumption of building materials is as follows: (10) in, For the Carbon emissions from building materials consumption in these projects, For the Item consumption Carbon emissions from building materials For the Item consumption The amount of building materials, For the Item consumption Carbon emission factors of various building materials.

[0022] The calculation formula for the carbon emissions from waste and recycling of building materials is as follows: (11) in, For the Carbon emissions from waste and recycling of building materials for this project, For the Project No. Carbon emissions from waste and recycling of building materials, For the Project No. Carbon emissions from waste and recycling of building materials, For the Project No. Carbon emission factors of various building materials.

[0023] For the calculation of carbon emissions that cannot be traced back to their source, the input-output carbon emission intensity table is used for calculation, as follows: First, establish a list covering various input items of the carbon emission non-traceable group, and then comprehensively select the domestic input-output carbon emission intensity table of the most suitable year, take that year as the base year and use this table as the base year carbon emission intensity table; next, consider factors such as inflation, convert the investment amount of the accounting year to the base year, and match each input project with the corresponding economic sector; then, multiply the cost of each input project by the base year unit carbon emission intensity of the corresponding department to calculate the carbon emissions of each project; finally, summarize the carbon emissions of each input project and make year corrections to obtain the total carbon emissions of the carbon non-traceable group.

[0024] Step 1: Conversion of investment amounts between China’s accounting year and base year (12) Where: For the construction of substations to be calculated The investment amount of this project in China is calculated as follows: For the substation construction to be calculated The investment amount of each input project converted to China’s base year; The consumer price index of China is the base year. The Consumer Price Index of China for the accounting year; Step 2: Calculation of China’s Base Year Carbon Emissions (13) In the formula, The non-traceable carbon emissions of the substation in China in the base year to be calculated. For the substation construction to be calculated The investment amount of each input project converted to the Chinese base year; For the The carbon emission intensity of the economic sector of the input project in the corresponding Chinese base year; Step 3: Conversion between China’s base year carbon emissions and accounting year carbon emissions (14) in, The non-traceable carbon emissions of the substations to be accounted for in China in the accounting year are: The non-traceable carbon emissions of the substation to be calculated in the base year. The carbon emission intensity of China in the year is calculated. is China’s carbon emission intensity in the base year.

[0025] When there is a lack of relevant input-output carbon emission intensity data in China or the division of relevant input-output departments is relatively rough, the input-output carbon emission intensity table of other countries or regions is used for calculation. For example, the calculation of carbon emissions using the input-output of country or region A is as follows: First, select an input-output table closest to the accounting year and set that year as the base year; then convert the investment amount in China's accounting year to the base year, taking into account the impact of factors such as inflation and the differences in purchasing power parity of currencies of various countries, and convert the investment amount in China's accounting year into the investment amount in country A's base year; finally, consider the difference in carbon emission intensity between country A's base year and China's accounting year, and convert the carbon emission intensity in country A's base year into the carbon emission intensity in China's accounting year.

[0026] Step 1: Conversion of investment amounts between China’s accounting year and base year (15) Where: For the construction of substations to be calculated The investment amount of this project in China is calculated as follows: For the substation construction to be calculated The investment amount of each input project converted to China’s base year; The consumer price index of China is the base year. The Consumer Price Index of China for the accounting year; Step 2: Conversion between China’s base year investment amount and Country A’s base year investment amount (16) Where: The first year of the substation to be calculated converted to the base year of country A The amount of investment in the project; The substation to be calculated The investment amount of each investment project in China is calculated as follows: is the purchasing power parity index of China to country A in the base year; Step 3: Calculation of carbon emissions in the base year of Country A (17) In the formula, The non-traceable carbon emissions of the substation to be calculated in the base year of country A. The first year of the substation to be calculated converted to the base year of country A The amount of investment in the project, For the The carbon emission intensity of the economic sector in country A in the base year corresponding to the input project; Step 4: Conversion of carbon emissions between China’s accounting year and Country A’s base year Each investment is multiplied by the carbon emission intensity of the corresponding sector, and the difference in carbon emission intensity between China and Country A is taken into account to calculate the carbon emissions of the non-traceable group in China’s accounting year: (18) Where: The non-traceable carbon emissions of the substations to be accounted for in China in the accounting year are: The non-traceable carbon emissions of the substation to be calculated in the base year of country A. To calculate China’s annual carbon emission intensity; is the carbon emission intensity of country A in the base year.

[0027] Specifically, the present invention selects a 220kV substation to calculate its carbon emissions; For the carbon emissions in the building materials production stage, formula (10) is used to calculate the carbon emissions of building materials production, as shown in Table 1 below: For the carbon emissions in the waste and recycling stages of building materials, formula (11) is used to calculate the carbon emissions of waste and recycling of building materials, as shown in Table 2 below: For the carbon emissions during the transportation of building materials and machinery, the fuel consumed is diesel. Formula (8) is used to calculate the carbon emissions during the transportation of building materials and machinery, as shown in Table 3 below: The carbon emissions generated by energy consumption in civil construction and electrical installation mainly consist of electricity, diesel and gasoline. All electricity is the first type of electricity obtained from external power purchase. Formula (3), formula (4) and formula (8) are used to calculate the carbon emissions of civil construction and electrical installation, as shown in Table 4 below: For carbon emissions from the production of machinery and equipment whose carbon emissions cannot be traced, the European EXIOBASE model with a base year of 2015 and a calculation year of 2022 is used; 2010 is taken as the base value of 100. =114.92, =131.92, based on the United States, =3.87, =0.72, we get =5.375; =0.40kg / PPP USD GPD, =0.161kg / PPP USD GPD; Formula (15) to Formula (18) are used to calculate the carbon emissions from tool production, as shown in Table 5 below: For the carbon emissions of the two carbon emission groups that cannot be traced back, namely, survey, planning and design, and construction land occupation and demolition, the carbon emissions of survey, planning and design, and construction land occupation and demolition are calculated using formulas (15) to (18), as shown in Table 6 below: In summary, we can quickly and accurately calculate that the total carbon emissions generated by substation construction is 18472.7tCO2e.

[0028] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for calculating carbon emissions from substation construction based on a hybrid life cycle approach, characterized in that: The calculation method includes the following steps: S1. Obtain relevant information on substation construction; S2. Collect the capital investment list and material investment list for substation construction, including construction project costs, installation project costs, equipment purchase costs and other costs, as well as the specific amount of building materials, equipment and energy consumed in the substation construction project; S3. Based on the emission characteristics of each input project, the carbon emission sources in the construction phase are classified into carbon emission sources of construction projects, carbon emission sources of materials projects, carbon emission sources of equipment projects and carbon emission sources of other projects, and then grouped and calculated; The specific steps of step S3 include: Among them, the carbon emission sources of construction projects and materials projects belong to the traceable group of carbon emission sources, while the carbon emission sources of equipment projects and other projects belong to the untraceable group of carbon emission sources. Different calculation methods are used for different groups: （1） in, Total carbon emissions for substation construction, is the carbon emission amount of the traceable group of carbon emission sources, The carbon emissions of the carbon emission source cannot be traced back to the source.

2. According to claim 1, a method for calculating carbon emissions from substation construction based on a hybrid life cycle approach is characterized by: The specific steps of step S3 also include: For the carbon emission traceability group, a process-based life cycle assessment method is used to calculate its carbon emissions by analyzing the building materials and energy consumed during its life cycle using the carbon emission factor method: （2） in, is the carbon emission of the carbon emission traceability group, Carbon emissions from electricity consumption, Carbon emissions from fuel consumption, Carbon emissions from heat consumption, To reduce carbon emissions from the consumption of building materials, is the carbon emissions during the recycling phase; For the Carbon emissions from electricity consumption in these projects, For the Carbon emissions from fuel consumption in these projects, For the Carbon emissions from heat consumption in these projects, For the Carbon emissions from building materials consumption in these projects, For the Carbon emissions from waste and recycling of building materials for this project; The calculation formula for carbon emissions generated by consuming electrical energy is as follows: （3） in, For the Carbon emissions from electricity consumption per project, For the The consumption of the item Carbon emissions from electricity, For the The consumption of the item The amount of electrical energy, For the Carbon emission factors for electricity-like energy; The calculation formula for the carbon emissions generated by the fuel consumption is as follows: （8） in, For the Carbon emissions from fuel consumption in these projects, For the Item consumption Carbon emissions from fuels For the The first item consumed The amount of fuel, For the The first item consumed The carbon emission factor corresponding to each fuel.

3. According to claim 2, a method for calculating carbon emissions from substation construction based on a hybrid life cycle approach is characterized by: The calculation formula for carbon emissions generated by consuming heat is as follows: （9） in, For the Carbon emissions from heat consumption in these projects, For the Carbon emissions from hot water consumption in these projects, For the Carbon emissions from steam consumption in these projects, For the The amount of hot water consumed by each project, For the The amount of steam consumed by each project, is the carbon emission factor for hot water consumption, is the carbon emission factor for the consumed steam; The calculation formula for carbon emissions generated by the consumption of building materials is as follows: （10） in, For the Carbon emissions from building materials consumption in these projects, For the Item consumption Carbon emissions from building materials For the Item consumption The amount of building materials, For the Item consumption Carbon emission factors of various building materials.

4. According to claim 2, a method for calculating carbon emissions from substation construction based on a hybrid life cycle approach is characterized by: The calculation formula for the carbon emissions from waste and recycling of building materials is as follows: （11） in, For the Carbon emissions from waste and recycling of building materials for this project, For the Project No. Carbon emissions from waste and recycling of building materials, For the Project No. Carbon emissions from waste and recycling of building materials, For the Project No. Carbon emission factors of various building materials.

5. According to claim 2, a method for calculating carbon emissions from substation construction based on a hybrid life cycle approach is characterized by: The specific steps of step S3 also include: For the calculation of carbon emissions that cannot be traced back to their source, the input-output carbon emission intensity table is used for calculation; The calculation of carbon emissions in China's accounting year is as follows: Step 1: Conversion of investment amounts between China’s accounting year and base year （12） Where: For the construction of the substation to be calculated The investment amount of this project in China is calculated as follows: For the substation construction to be calculated The investment amount of each input project converted to China’s base year; The consumer price index of China is the base year. The Consumer Price Index of China for the accounting year; Step 2: Calculation of China’s Base Year Carbon Emissions （13） In the formula, The non-traceable carbon emissions of the substation in China in the base year to be calculated. For the substation construction to be calculated The investment amount of each input project converted to the Chinese base year; For the The carbon emission intensity of the economic sector of the input project in the corresponding Chinese base year; Step 3: Conversion between China’s base year carbon emissions and accounting year carbon emissions （14） in, The non-traceable carbon emissions of the substations to be accounted for in China in the accounting year are: The non-traceable carbon emissions of the substation to be calculated in the base year. The carbon emission intensity of China in the year is calculated. is China’s carbon emission intensity in the base year.

6. According to claim 5, a method for calculating carbon emissions from substation construction based on a hybrid life cycle approach is characterized by: When there is a lack of relevant input-output carbon emission intensity data in China or the division of relevant input-output departments is relatively rough, the input-output carbon emission intensity table of other countries or regions is used for calculation. For example, the calculation of carbon emissions using the input-output of country or region A is as follows: Step 1: Conversion of investment amounts between China’s accounting year and base year （15） Where: For the construction of the substation to be calculated The investment amount of this project in China is calculated as follows: For the substation construction to be calculated The investment amount of each input project converted to China’s base year; The consumer price index of China is the base year. The Consumer Price Index of China for the accounting year; Step 2: Conversion between China’s base year investment amount and Country A’s base year investment amount （16） Where: The first year of the substation to be calculated converted to the base year of country A The amount of investment in the project; The substation to be calculated The investment amount of each investment project in China is calculated as follows: is the purchasing power parity index of China to country A in the base year; Step 3: Calculation of carbon emissions in the base year of Country A （17） In the formula, The non-traceable carbon emissions of the substation to be calculated in the base year of country A. The first year of the substation to be calculated converted to the base year of country A The amount of investment in the project, For the The carbon emission intensity of the economic sector in country A in the base year corresponding to the input project; Step 4: Conversion of carbon emissions between China’s accounting year and Country A’s base year Each investment is multiplied by the carbon emission intensity of the corresponding sector, and the difference in carbon emission intensity between China and Country A is taken into account to calculate the carbon emissions of the non-traceable group in China’s accounting year: （18） Where: The non-traceable carbon emissions of the substations to be accounted for in China in the accounting year are: The non-traceable carbon emissions of the substation to be calculated in the base year of country A. To calculate China’s annual carbon emission intensity; is the carbon emission intensity of country A in the base year.

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