High-standard farmland construction space area supervision method

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-standard farmland construction space area supervision method, and relates to the technical field of farmland construction space area supervision, and the method comprises the following steps: dividing a whole farmland area, and systematically collecting soil samples, including soil at different positions and different depths, in each divided farmland area; and performing soil quality analysis on the collected soil sample, and establishing a soil health index system based on a soil quality detection result. According to the method, the soil damage risk of each farmland area is calculated by performing soil quality analysis on the collected samples, and then the farmland areas are divided into high-risk and low-risk soil structure damage areas, so that supervision is more targeted and effective, decision scientificity is improved, and by identifying the high-risk areas in the early stage, the risk of damage to the farmland areas is reduced. And timely intervention can be realized, and further damage to the soil structure is prevented, so that the soil quality and the crop productivity are maintained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of spatial area supervision of farmland construction, and in particular to a method for spatial area supervision of high-standard farmland construction. Background Art

[0002] Spatial regional supervision of farmland construction usually refers to the process of planning, protecting and supervising agricultural land by the government or relevant departments to ensure that land resources are used rationally and to prevent illegal occupation and abuse. This supervision aims to maintain agricultural productivity while also protecting the ecological environment and ensuring that the land can continue to serve agricultural production. Specifically, this supervision may include demarcating specific agricultural protection areas and restricting construction activities in these areas, such as prohibiting the construction of commercial facilities or residential buildings. At the same time, regulatory agencies will implement various policies and measures, such as farmland quality monitoring, land use rights approval and transfer monitoring, to ensure that agricultural land is not encroached upon by non-agricultural activities and to ensure food security and sustainable development of land.

[0003] The prior art has the following deficiencies:

[0004] In existing technologies, long-term agricultural activities, especially excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides, may lead to damage to soil structure, but these impacts are difficult to detect through conventional regulatory means in the early stages. The damage to soil structure will affect its water retention and aeration capacity, causing poor development of crop roots, which in turn affects crop growth and yield. In the long run, this will lead to a decline in crop quality and reduce farmers' economic income.

[0005] The above information disclosed in this Background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the present disclosure and therefore it may contain information that does not constitute the prior art that is already known to one of ordinary skill in the art. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a spatial area supervision method for high-standard farmland construction. The method divides the entire farmland area and systematically collects soil samples, including soil at different locations and depths, performs soil quality analysis on the collected samples, and calculates the soil damage risk of each farmland area based on the health assessment coefficient generated after the soil quality analysis. The farmland area is then divided into high-risk and low-risk soil structure damage areas to make supervision more targeted and effective. This data-based health indicator system and risk assessment model not only improves the scientific nature of decision-making, but also identifies high-risk areas at an early stage, allowing timely intervention to prevent further damage to the soil structure, thereby maintaining soil quality and crop productivity to solve the problems in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for supervising the spatial area of ​​high-standard farmland construction, comprising the following steps:

[0008] The entire farmland area is divided and soil samples are systematically collected in each divided farmland area, including soils at different locations and depths;

[0009] Conduct soil quality analysis on the collected soil samples and establish a soil health indicator system based on the soil quality test results;

[0010] Develop a soil structure damage risk assessment model, input soil monitoring data, calculate the soil damage risk of each farmland area, and divide the farmland construction space area into high-risk soil structure damage areas and low-risk soil structure damage areas based on the soil health assessment results;

[0011] Further analysis of farmland in high-risk soil structure damage areas divided the farmland into severe damage areas, general damage areas, and stable areas;

[0012] Different response management measures are set up for farmlands in severely damaged areas and generally damaged areas respectively to ensure that farmlands in severely damaged areas and generally damaged areas are transformed into stable areas.

[0013] Preferably, soil quality analysis is performed on the collected soil samples, wherein the soil quality information includes analysis of soil structure information and salinity information, and after abnormal analysis and processing of the acquired structure information and salinity information, a structure stability index and a salt accumulation index are generated, and a soil health index system is established through the structure stability index and the salt accumulation index to evaluate the soil health index.

[0014] Preferably, after obtaining the structural stability index and salt accumulation index of the soil in each divided farmland area, the health assessment coefficient of the soil in the farmland area is calculated by weighted summation of the two, and the soil damage risk of each farmland area is intelligently assessed through the health assessment coefficient.

[0015] Preferably, the health assessment coefficient of the soil in the divided farmland area is compared and analyzed with a preset health assessment coefficient reference threshold, and the result of the comparison and analysis is as follows:

[0016] If the health assessment coefficient is greater than or equal to the health assessment coefficient reference threshold, the farmland area is marked as a low-risk soil structure damage area;

[0017] If the health assessment coefficient is less than the health assessment coefficient reference threshold, the farmland area is marked as a high-risk soil structure damage area, indicating that there is a risk of further damage to the soil structure in the farmland area.

[0018] Preferably, the farmland marked as a high risk soil structure damage area is further analyzed, and the process of further analysis is as follows:

[0019] Several health assessment coefficients subsequently generated for farmland marked as high-risk soil structure damage areas were obtained to establish a data set. The mean and standard deviation of the health assessment coefficients were calculated based on the health assessment coefficients in the data set. The mean and standard deviation of the health assessment coefficients were compared with the pre-set health assessment coefficient reference threshold and standard deviation reference threshold, respectively. The results of the comparison and analysis are as follows:

[0020] If the mean value of the health assessment coefficient is less than the reference threshold value of the health assessment coefficient and the standard deviation of the health assessment coefficient is less than the reference threshold value of the standard deviation, the farmland area is further divided into a severely damaged area;

[0021] If the standard deviation of the health assessment coefficient is greater than or equal to the standard deviation reference threshold, the farmland area is further divided into a general damage area;

[0022] If the mean value of the health assessment coefficient is greater than or equal to the reference threshold value of the health assessment coefficient and the standard deviation of the health assessment coefficient is less than the standard deviation reference threshold value, the farmland area is further divided into a stable area.

[0023] Preferably, the prevention and control management steps for severely damaged areas are:

[0024] Step 1: Implement deep tillage;

[0025] Step 2: Add a large amount of organic matter to increase the organic matter content and microbial diversity of the soil;

[0026] Step 3: Apply efficient desalination technology to accelerate the removal of salt;

[0027] Step 4: Use chemical amendments to help replace sodium ions in the soil and reduce salinization;

[0028] Step 5: Plant deep-rooted crops that are salt-tolerant or improve the soil to improve soil structure and increase organic matter in the deep soil layer;

[0029] Step 6. Install an underground drainage system to control soil moisture and prevent salt accumulation in the soil;

[0030] Step 7. When performing steps 1 to 6, each additional step is used to obtain in real time several health assessment coefficients generated in the farmland area after the response management for further analysis. During the response management cycle, if the farmland in the severely damaged area has not been transformed into a stable area, the next step is added to continue monitoring and analysis to ensure that the farmland in the severely damaged area is transformed into a stable area. If the farmland in the severely damaged area is transformed into a stable area, the response management measures are stopped.

[0031] Preferably, the prevention and control management steps for general damage areas are:

[0032] Step 1: Add organic fertilizer regularly to increase soil organic matter and improve soil structure;

[0033] Step 2: Lightly till the soil to avoid excessive compaction and improve soil aeration and water retention capacity;

[0034] Step 3: Regularly test soil salinity and wash the soil surface to remove salt accumulated on the surface;

[0035] Step 4: Use conditioners to improve the soil's ion balance and reduce salinization;

[0036] Step 5: Implement crop rotation, planting different types of crops to improve soil health and reduce disease risks;

[0037] Step 6: Plant cover crops to protect the soil surface, prevent erosion and improve soil organic matter;

[0038] Step 7: Ensure that the quality of irrigation water used meets the standards to reduce further accumulation of soil salt;

[0039] Step 8. When performing steps 1 to 7, each additional step is used to obtain in real time several health assessment coefficients generated in the farmland area after the response management for further analysis. During the response management cycle, if the farmland in the general damage area has not been transformed into a stable area, the next step is added to continue monitoring and analysis to ensure that the farmland in the severe damage area is transformed into a stable area. If the farmland in the general damage area is transformed into a stable area, the response management measures are stopped.

[0040] Preferably, the logic of performing abnormal analysis on the acquired structural information to generate the structural stability index is as follows:

[0041] Samples were taken from soil at different locations and depths and the following parameters were measured:

[0042] Soil organic matter content: the percentage of organic matter in the soil;

[0043] Soil density: the mass of soil divided by its volume;

[0044] Capillary porosity: spaces in the soil that hold water by capillary action;

[0045] Total Porosity: The percentage of soil volume that is pores;

[0046] Soil organic matter content, soil density, capillary porosity and total pores are represented by OM, ρ, Pc and Pt respectively;

[0047] The soil parameters are standardized and the formula for standardization is: Where X is the original data, X′ is the standardized data, and X min and X max are the minimum and maximum values ​​of the data, respectively. The soil organic matter content, soil density, capillary porosity and total pores were standardized and calibrated as OM′, ρ′, Pc′ and Pt′ respectively;

[0048] The structural stability index was calculated using the following expression: SSSI = ω1*OM′+ω2*ρ′+ω3*Pc′+ω4*Pt′, where SSSI represents the structural stability index, and ω1, ω2, ω3, and ω4 are the weights of the standardized soil organic matter content OM′, soil density ρ′, capillary porosity Pc′, and total porosity Pt′, respectively.

[0049] Preferably, the logic of performing abnormal analysis on the acquired salt information to generate the salt accumulation index is as follows:

[0050] Soil samples were collected from different locations and depths, ground and dried to remove moisture to ensure the accuracy of salt determination;

[0051] The pretreated soil samples were mixed with distilled water at a soil to water ratio of 1:5 and shaken to extract salt;

[0052] The conductivity of the soil extract was measured using a conductivity meter;

[0053] Calculate the salt accumulation index, the calculation expression is: Where SSAI is the salt accumulation index, EC is the actual conductivity of the sample, and EC ref is the reference conductivity, EC max is the electrical conductivity of extremely saline soils.

[0054] In the above technical solution, the technical effects and advantages provided by the present invention are:

[0055] The present invention divides the entire farmland area and systematically collects soil samples, including soil at different locations and depths, performs soil quality analysis on the collected samples, calculates the soil damage risk of each farmland area based on the health assessment coefficient generated after the soil quality analysis, and then divides the farmland area into high-risk and low-risk soil structure damage areas, making supervision more targeted and effective. This data-based health indicator system and risk assessment model not only improves the scientific nature of decision-making, but also allows timely intervention through early identification of high-risk areas to prevent further damage to the soil structure, thereby maintaining soil quality and crop productivity;

[0056] The present invention further subdivides farmland marked as high-risk soil structure damage areas into severe damage areas and general damage areas, and implements differentiated management measures for these areas. The implementation of this strategy ensures the effective use of resources and accelerates the recovery and improvement of soil structure through targeted intervention measures. For severe damage areas, more radical restoration measures are taken to quickly reverse the trend of soil degradation. For general damage areas, conservative soil management measures are taken to prevent further deterioration of soil conditions. This method of adjusting management measures according to the degree of soil damage not only improves the efficiency of soil management, but also maximizes the dual benefits of economy and ecology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0057] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0058] Figure 1 The present invention is a method flow chart of a method for supervising spatial areas of high-standard farmland construction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, example embodiments can be implemented in a variety of forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these example embodiments are provided so that the description of the present disclosure will be more comprehensive and complete, and the concept of the example embodiments will be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0060] The present invention provides Figure 1 A method for supervising the spatial area of ​​high-standard farmland construction is shown, comprising the following steps:

[0061] The entire farmland area is divided and soil samples are systematically collected in each divided farmland area, including soils at different locations and depths;

[0062] Zoning the entire area of ​​farmland means dividing a large area of ​​farmland into multiple small areas according to certain criteria (such as soil type, topography, land use history, etc.). The purpose of zoning is to more effectively manage and monitor each piece of farmland and ensure that regulatory measures are accurate and targeted, so that management strategies can be formulated according to the specific needs and problems of different areas.

[0063] Soil at different depths means that the samples collected are not just the surface soil, but also deeper soil, which may involve soil layers at different depths. Collecting soil samples at different depths can help researchers understand the quality and structure of the soil more comprehensively, thereby making a more accurate assessment of soil health. This is crucial for diagnosing soil problems (such as nutrient deficiencies, salinization, pollution, etc.) and formulating corresponding soil improvement measures.

[0064] Conduct soil quality analysis on the collected soil samples and establish a soil health indicator system based on the soil quality test results;

[0065] The collected soil samples are subjected to soil quality analysis, wherein the soil quality information includes analysis of the soil structure information and salt information. After abnormal analysis and processing of the acquired structure information and salt information, a structure stability index and a salt accumulation index are generated. A soil health index system is established through the structure stability index and the salt accumulation index, and the soil health index is evaluated.

[0066] The structural stability of soil is an important indicator of soil health and has a profound impact on the ecological function and agricultural productivity of the soil. If the structural stability of the soil is poor, there is indeed a risk of further damage. The following details why poor soil structural stability leads to the risk of soil structure damage:

[0067] First, poor soil structural stability means that soil particles cannot effectively aggregate into clumps, which makes the topsoil easily carried away by weathering and water flow. This is particularly evident during rain or irrigation. The loss of particles not only reduces the overall quality of the soil, but also leads to the loss of important nutrients, ultimately affecting plant nutrient absorption and growth.

[0068] Secondly, structurally unstable soils are prone to compaction under heavy machinery and frequent foot traffic, which reduces soil porosity and, therefore, the soil's ability to penetrate air and water. The reduced aeration and water retention capacity of the soil directly affects the root system's ability to breathe and absorb water, limiting root growth and expansion. This not only inhibits plant growth, but also reduces the efficiency with which plants can utilize nutrients in the soil.

[0069] Finally, the stability of soil structure is essential for maintaining soil biodiversity and ecosystem services. Soils with poor structural stability affect the stability and diversity of microbial communities, because microorganisms need a stable environment to maintain their life activities. Microorganisms play a key role in the decomposition of organic matter, nutrient cycling and disease suppression, and these biological processes may be disturbed by unstable soil structure. In addition, the living environment of soil animals such as earthworms will also be adversely affected, further reducing soil turning and aeration, affecting the health and productivity of the entire soil.

[0070] The logic of abnormal analysis and processing of the acquired structural information to generate the structural stability index is as follows:

[0071] Samples were taken from soil at different locations and depths and the following parameters were measured:

[0072] Soil organic matter content: the percentage of organic matter in the soil, which affects soil structure and water retention capacity;

[0073] Soil density: The mass of soil divided by its volume, reflecting the degree of soil compaction;

[0074] Capillary porosity: The space in the soil that holds water by capillary action, affecting water retention and supply;

[0075] Total Porosity: The percentage of soil volume that is pore space, which affects the flow of air and water;

[0076] Soil organic matter content, soil density, capillary porosity and total pores are expressed as OM, ρ, Pc and Pt respectively;

[0077] Soil organic matter content, soil density, capillary porosity and total porosity are common soil physical and chemical property measurement indicators in agriculture and environmental science. The following is a detailed introduction to the measurement methods of these indicators:

[0078] Determination of soil organic matter content

[0079] Soil organic matter content is usually determined by the "loss-on-burn" method. This is a simple way to estimate the amount of organic matter in the soil.

[0080] step:

[0081] Sample preparation: Take an appropriate amount of sample from the soil and dry it at 105℃ to constant weight.

[0082] Weighing: Accurately weigh the dried soil sample.

[0083] Combustion: The soil sample is placed in a muffle furnace and burned at between 375°C and 550°C for approximately 4 to 5 hours.

[0084] Cool and weigh: Allow the sample to cool to room temperature in a desiccator and weigh it again.

[0085] Calculation: The mass loss of organic matter was calculated as the difference between the initial dry weight and the dry weight after combustion and expressed as a percentage.

[0086] Soil density determination

[0087] Soil density (usually referred to as dry soil density) is determined by measuring the dry weight of soil per unit volume.

[0088] step:

[0089] Sample Removal: Samples are taken using a soil ring with a known volume.

[0090] Drying: The sample is dried to constant weight, usually at 105°C.

[0091] Weighing: Measure the weight of the soil sample after drying.

[0092] Calculation: Soil density is equal to the dry soil weight divided by the volume of the soil sample.

[0093] Capillary porosity and total porosity determination

[0094] The determination of capillary porosity and total porosity involves the determination of bulk density and porosity of the soil.

[0095] step:

[0096] Bulk density determination: Similar to soil density determination, a soil sample of known volume is taken using a soil ring cutter, and its wet weight and dry weight are determined to calculate the bulk density (dry soil weight / volume).

[0097] Porosity Calculation: Calculate the total porosity using the following formula: The particle density is usually the average density of mineral soil particles, which is generally about 2.65g / cm3.

[0098] Capillary porosity: It is usually calculated by measuring the amount of water that the soil drains through natural gravity after saturation. The specific method is to determine the difference in water volume between saturated soil and field capacity to reflect the ability of capillary water to be retained in the soil.

[0099] The soil parameters (soil organic matter content, soil density, capillary porosity and total pores) were standardized, and the formula for the standardized processing was: Where X is the original data, X′ is the standardized data, and X min and X max are the minimum and maximum values ​​of the data, respectively. The soil organic matter content, soil density, capillary porosity and total pores were standardized and calibrated as OM′, ρ′, Pc′ and Pt′ respectively;

[0100] The structural stability index was calculated using the following expression: SSSI = ω1*OM′+ω2*ρ′+ω3*Pc′+ω4*Pt′, where SSSI represents the structural stability index, ω1, ω2, ω3, and ω4 are the weights of the standardized soil organic matter content OM′, soil density ρ′, capillary porosity Pc′, and total pores Pt′, respectively. The weights of the soil organic matter content OM′, soil density ρ′, capillary porosity Pc′, and total pores Pt′ are allocated according to the importance of each indicator in soil structural stability.

[0101] The soil structural stability index is used to quantify the degree of soil structural stability. Usually, the value of this index reflects the robustness of the soil structure. If the soil structural stability index shows a large value, it usually means that the soil structure is relatively stable, with good anti-erosion ability and the ability to support plant growth. On the contrary, if the value of the structural stability index is small, it indicates that the soil structure is poorly stable and there is a risk of further damage.

[0102] Excessive salt accumulation in the soil does pose a risk of damaging the soil structure:

[0103] First, the high-salinity environment causes the clay particles in the soil to disperse, thus destroying the soil's aggregate structure. This structural destruction reduces the binding force between soil particles, causing the soil to become more compact and hardened. Hardened soil is difficult to cultivate, and its air and water permeability is greatly reduced, further affecting the root system's ability to breathe and absorb water.

[0104] Secondly, high salt in the soil can lead to an increase in osmotic pressure, which makes it more difficult for plants to absorb water from the soil, thereby inducing a physiological drought state. In addition, the toxicity of salt can directly damage the root cells of plants, affecting plant growth and development. Similarly, soil microorganisms are also sensitive to salt. High-salt environments can inhibit or kill microbial communities that are essential to soil health, thereby affecting soil nutrient cycling and organic matter decomposition.

[0105] Finally, high salinity not only affects the absorption of water by plants, but also affects the availability of nutrients in the soil. Salt may compete with other ions in the soil, such as calcium, magnesium, and potassium, affecting the absorption balance of these nutrients. In addition, soil compaction and reduced soil biological activity caused by high salinity will further reduce the efficiency of nutrient cycling in the soil and reduce the nutrients available to plants.

[0106] The logic of abnormal analysis and processing of the acquired salt information to generate the salt accumulation index is as follows:

[0107] Soil samples were collected from different locations and depths, ground and dried to remove moisture to ensure the accuracy of salt determination;

[0108] Soil samples were collected from different locations and depths to ensure representative results.

[0109] The pretreated soil samples were mixed with distilled water at a soil to water ratio of 1:5 and shaken to extract salt;

[0110] The conductivity of the soil extract was measured using a conductivity meter;

[0111] Calculate the salt accumulation index, the calculation expression is: Where SSAI is the salt accumulation index, EC is the actual conductivity of the sample, and EC ref is the reference conductivity, taken from the standard value in the literature, used to reflect the conductivity under normal or ideal soil conditions, EC max It is the electrical conductivity of extremely salinized soil, that is, the theoretical maximum electrical conductivity, which indicates the electrical conductivity under extreme salinization conditions.

[0112] The larger the value of the soil salt accumulation index, the higher the salt content in the soil, which means that the soil structure is at a greater risk of being further damaged. High salt will cause soil particles to disperse, reduce the soil aggregate structure, affect the porosity and permeability of the soil, and thus hinder the development of plant roots and the effective use of water. In addition, a high-salt environment will also inhibit the activity of beneficial microorganisms in the soil, affecting the nutrient cycle of the soil and the decomposition of organic matter. On the contrary, the smaller the value of the salt accumulation index, the lower the soil salt content, the more stable the soil structure, and the soil environment is more suitable for plant growth and the activity of soil microorganisms, so the risk of being damaged is relatively small.

[0113] Develop a soil structure damage risk assessment model, input soil monitoring data, calculate the soil damage risk of each farmland area, and divide the farmland construction space area into high-risk soil structure damage areas and low-risk soil structure damage areas based on the soil health assessment results;

[0114] After obtaining the structural stability index SSSI and salt accumulation index SSAI of each divided farmland area, the health assessment coefficient Hea of ​​the farmland area soil is calculated by weighted summation of the two. μ , through the health assessment coefficient Hea μ Intelligently assess soil damage risk for each farmland area.

[0115] The specific implementation method of the weighted summation is not specifically limited here. Any weighted summation method that can achieve comprehensive analysis of the soil structural stability index SSSI and the salt accumulation index SSAI is acceptable. In order to implement the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention provides a specific implementation method;

[0116] Health Assessment Coefficient Hea μ The resulting calculation formula is: Hea μ =α·SSSI+β*SSAI -1 , where α and β are the preset proportional coefficients of the structural stability index SSSI and the salt accumulation index SSAI, respectively, and both α and β are greater than 0.

[0117] It can be seen from the calculation formula that the greater the structural stability index and salt accumulation index of the soil in the divided farmland area, that is, the greater the health assessment coefficient of the soil in the divided farmland area, the greater the risk of further damage to the soil structure, and vice versa.

[0118] The soil health assessment coefficient in the divided farmland area is compared and analyzed with the pre-set reference threshold of the health assessment coefficient. The results of the comparison and analysis are as follows:

[0119] If the health assessment coefficient is greater than or equal to the health assessment coefficient reference threshold, the farmland area is marked as a low-risk soil structure damage area, indicating that the soil condition of the farmland area is good;

[0120] If the health assessment coefficient is less than the health assessment coefficient reference threshold, the farmland area will be marked as a high-risk soil structure damage area, indicating that the soil condition in the farmland area is poor and there is a risk of further damage to the soil structure.

[0121] Further analysis of farmland in high-risk soil structure damage areas divided the farmland into severe damage areas, general damage areas, and stable areas;

[0122] The fields marked as high risk soil structure damage areas were further analyzed. The process of further analysis was as follows:

[0123] Several health assessment coefficients subsequently generated for farmland marked as high-risk soil structure damage areas were obtained to establish a data set. The mean and standard deviation of the health assessment coefficients were calculated based on the health assessment coefficients in the data set. The mean and standard deviation of the health assessment coefficients were compared with the pre-set health assessment coefficient reference threshold and standard deviation reference threshold, respectively. The results of the comparison and analysis are as follows:

[0124] If the mean value of the health assessment coefficient is less than the reference threshold value of the health assessment coefficient and the standard deviation of the health assessment coefficient is less than the reference threshold value of the standard deviation, the farmland area is further divided into a severely damaged area;

[0125] If the mean value of the health assessment coefficient is less than the reference threshold value of the health assessment coefficient and the standard deviation of the health assessment coefficient is less than the reference threshold value of the standard deviation, it indicates that several health assessment coefficients subsequently generated for the farmland marked as a high-risk soil structure damage area are generally less than the reference threshold value of the health assessment coefficient, which further indicates that the farmland marked as a high-risk soil structure damage area is continuing to deteriorate.

[0126] If the standard deviation of the health assessment coefficient is greater than or equal to the standard deviation reference threshold, the farmland area is further divided into a general damage area;

[0127] If the standard deviation of the health assessment coefficient is greater than or equal to the standard deviation reference threshold, it means that several health assessment coefficients subsequently generated for the farmland marked as a high-risk soil structure damage area are partially lower than the health assessment coefficient reference threshold, and partially greater than or equal to the health assessment coefficient reference threshold, and the stability is poor, which further indicates that the farmland marked as a high-risk soil structure damage area is slowly deteriorating.

[0128] If the mean value of the health assessment coefficient is greater than or equal to the reference threshold value of the health assessment coefficient and the standard deviation of the health assessment coefficient is less than the reference threshold value of the standard deviation, the farmland area is further divided into a stable area;

[0129] If the mean value of the health assessment coefficient is greater than or equal to the reference threshold value of the health assessment coefficient and the standard deviation of the health assessment coefficient is less than the reference threshold value of the standard deviation, it means that the health assessment coefficients subsequently generated for the farmland marked as a high-risk soil structure damage area are generally greater than or equal to the reference threshold value of the health assessment coefficient, which further indicates that the farmland marked as a high-risk soil structure damage area has good stability, but there is a risk of sudden soil structure damage, which is small and can be ignored.

[0130] Different response management measures are set up for farmland in severely damaged areas and moderately damaged areas to ensure that farmland in severely damaged areas and moderately damaged areas are transformed into stable areas;

[0131] Prevention and control management steps for severely damaged areas:

[0132] Step 1: Implement deep tillage;

[0133] The purpose of deep tillage is to break up the soil hardening layer and improve soil aeration and water permeability.

[0134] Step 2: Add a large amount of organic matter to increase the organic matter content and microbial diversity of the soil;

[0135] Organic matter, such as biochar or high-quality compost, to increase the organic matter content and microbial diversity of the soil.

[0136] Step 3: Apply efficient desalination technology to accelerate the removal of salt;

[0137] Efficient desalination techniques such as leaching combined with appropriate drainage systems.

[0138] Step 4: Use chemical improvers (such as gypsum) to help replace sodium ions in the soil and reduce salinization;

[0139] Step 5: Plant deep-rooted crops that are salt-tolerant or improve the soil (such as alfalfa or certain shrubs) to improve soil structure and increase organic matter in the deep soil layer;

[0140] Step 6. Install an underground drainage system to control soil moisture and prevent salt accumulation in the soil;

[0141] This step can be accomplished by implementing a drip or micro-irrigation system, which reduces water usage while also reducing the rise in salinity.

[0142] Step 7. When performing steps 1 to 6, each additional step is used to obtain in real time several health assessment coefficients generated in the farmland area after the response management for further analysis (the analysis steps are the same as the steps for further analyzing the farmland in the high-risk soil structure damage area, and dividing the farmland into severe damage areas, general damage areas and stable areas, which are not described in detail here). During the response management cycle, if the farmland in the severe damage area has not been transformed into a stable area, the next step is added to continue monitoring and analysis to ensure that the farmland in the severe damage area is transformed into a stable area. If the farmland in the severe damage area is transformed into a stable area, the response management measures are stopped.

[0143] Prevention and control management steps for general damage areas:

[0144] Step 1: Add organic fertilizer regularly to increase soil organic matter and improve soil structure;

[0145] Organic fertilizers such as compost or green manure, when added regularly, can effectively increase soil organic matter and improve soil structure.

[0146] Step 2: Lightly till the soil to avoid excessive compaction and improve soil aeration and water retention capacity;

[0147] Step 3: Regularly test soil salinity and wash the soil surface to remove salt accumulated on the surface;

[0148] Step 4: Use conditioners (such as light gypsum application) to improve the ionic balance of the soil and reduce salinization;

[0149] Step 5: Implement crop rotation, planting different types of crops to improve soil health and reduce disease risks;

[0150] Step 6: Plant cover crops (such as ryegrass) to protect the soil surface, prevent erosion and improve soil organic matter;

[0151] Step 7: Ensure that the quality of irrigation water used meets the standards (avoid using high-salt water sources for irrigation) to reduce further accumulation of soil salt;

[0152] Step 8. When performing steps 1 to 7, each additional step is used to obtain in real time several health assessment coefficients generated in the farmland area after the response management for further analysis (the analysis steps are the same as the steps for further analyzing the farmland in the high-risk soil structure damage area, and dividing the farmland into severe damage areas, general damage areas and stable areas, which are not described in detail here). During the response management cycle, if the farmland in the general damage area has not been transformed into a stable area, the next step is added to continue monitoring and analysis to ensure that the farmland in the severe damage area is transformed into a stable area. If the farmland in the general damage area is transformed into a stable area, the response management measures are stopped.

[0153] The present invention divides the entire farmland area and systematically collects soil samples, including soil at different locations and depths, performs soil quality analysis on the collected samples, calculates the soil damage risk of each farmland area based on the health assessment coefficient generated after the soil quality analysis, and then divides the farmland area into high-risk and low-risk soil structure damage areas, making supervision more targeted and effective. This data-based health indicator system and risk assessment model not only improves the scientific nature of decision-making, but also allows timely intervention through early identification of high-risk areas to prevent further damage to the soil structure, thereby maintaining soil quality and crop productivity;

[0154] The present invention further subdivides farmland marked as high-risk soil structure damage areas into severe damage areas and general damage areas, and implements differentiated management measures for these areas. The implementation of this strategy ensures the effective use of resources and accelerates the recovery and improvement of soil structure through targeted intervention measures. For severe damage areas, more radical restoration measures are taken to quickly reverse the trend of soil degradation. For general damage areas, conservative soil management measures are taken to prevent further deterioration of soil conditions. This method of adjusting management measures according to the degree of soil damage not only improves the efficiency of soil management, but also maximizes the dual benefits of economy and ecology.

[0155] The above formulas are all dimensionless and numerical calculations. The formula is a formula for the most recent real situation obtained by collecting a large amount of data and performing software simulation. The preset parameters in the formula are set by technicians in this field according to actual conditions.

[0156] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

[0157] The above description is only by way of illustration of certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention. It is undoubted that those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the above drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for supervising spatial areas of high-standard farmland construction, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The entire farmland area is divided and soil samples are systematically collected in each divided farmland area, including soils at different locations and depths; Conduct soil quality analysis on the collected soil samples and establish a soil health indicator system based on the soil quality test results; Conduct soil quality analysis on the collected soil samples, where soil quality information includes analysis of soil structure information and salinity information. After abnormal analysis and processing of the acquired structure information and salinity information, a structure stability index and a salt accumulation index are generated. A soil health index system is established through the structure stability index and the salt accumulation index to evaluate soil health indicators. Develop a soil structure damage risk assessment model, input soil monitoring data, calculate the soil damage risk of each farmland area, and divide the farmland construction space area into high-risk soil structure damage areas and low-risk soil structure damage areas based on the soil health assessment results; After obtaining the structural stability index and salt accumulation index of the soil in each divided farmland area, the health assessment coefficient of the soil in the farmland area is calculated by weighted summation. The soil damage risk of each farmland area is intelligently assessed through the health assessment coefficient. Further analysis of farmland in high-risk soil structure damage areas divided the farmland into severe damage areas, general damage areas, and stable areas; Different response management measures are set up for farmlands in severely damaged areas and generally damaged areas respectively to ensure that farmlands in severely damaged areas and generally damaged areas are transformed into stable areas.

2. A method for supervising spatial areas of high-standard farmland construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil health assessment coefficient in the divided farmland area is compared and analyzed with the pre-set reference threshold of the health assessment coefficient. The results of the comparison and analysis are as follows: If the health assessment coefficient is greater than or equal to the health assessment coefficient reference threshold, the farmland area is marked as a low-risk soil structure damage area; If the health assessment coefficient is less than the health assessment coefficient reference threshold, the farmland area is marked as a high-risk soil structure damage area, indicating that there is a risk of further damage to the soil structure in the farmland area.

3. A method for supervising spatial areas of high-standard farmland construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fields marked as high risk soil structure damage areas were further analyzed. The process of further analysis was as follows: Several health assessment coefficients subsequently generated for farmland marked as high-risk soil structure damage areas were obtained to establish a data set. The mean and standard deviation of the health assessment coefficients were calculated based on the health assessment coefficients in the data set. The mean and standard deviation of the health assessment coefficients were compared with the pre-set health assessment coefficient reference threshold and standard deviation reference threshold, respectively. The results of the comparison and analysis are as follows: If the mean value of the health assessment coefficient is less than the reference threshold value of the health assessment coefficient and the standard deviation of the health assessment coefficient is less than the reference threshold value of the standard deviation, the farmland area is further divided into a severely damaged area; If the standard deviation of the health assessment coefficient is greater than or equal to the standard deviation reference threshold, the farmland area is further divided into a general damage area; If the mean value of the health assessment coefficient is greater than or equal to the reference threshold value of the health assessment coefficient and the standard deviation of the health assessment coefficient is less than the standard deviation reference threshold value, the farmland area is further divided into a stable area.

4. A method for supervising spatial areas of high-standard farmland construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: Prevention and control management steps for severely damaged areas: Step 1: Implement deep tillage; Step 2: Add a large amount of organic matter to increase the organic matter content and microbial diversity of the soil; Step 3: Apply efficient desalination technology to accelerate the removal of salt; Step 4: Use chemical amendments to help replace sodium ions in the soil and reduce salinization; Step 5: Plant deep-rooted crops that are salt-tolerant or improve the soil to improve soil structure and increase organic matter in the deep soil layer; Step 6. Install an underground drainage system to control soil moisture and prevent salt accumulation in the soil; Step 7. When performing steps 1 to 6, each additional step is used to obtain in real time several health assessment coefficients generated in the farmland area after the response management for further analysis. During the response management cycle, if the farmland in the severely damaged area has not been transformed into a stable area, the next step is added to continue monitoring and analysis to ensure that the farmland in the severely damaged area is transformed into a stable area. If the farmland in the severely damaged area is transformed into a stable area, the response management measures are stopped.

5. A method for supervising spatial areas of high-standard farmland construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: Prevention and control management steps for general damage areas: Step 1: Add organic fertilizer regularly to increase soil organic matter and improve soil structure; Step 2: Lightly till the soil to avoid excessive compaction and improve soil aeration and water retention capacity; Step 3: Regularly test soil salinity and wash the soil surface to remove salt accumulated on the surface; Step 4: Use conditioners to improve the soil's ion balance and reduce salinization; Step 5: Implement crop rotation, planting different types of crops to improve soil health and reduce disease risks; Step 6: Plant cover crops to protect the soil surface, prevent erosion and improve soil organic matter; Step 7: Ensure that the quality of irrigation water used meets the standards to reduce further accumulation of soil salt; Step 8. When performing steps 1 to 7, each additional step is used to obtain in real time several health assessment coefficients generated in the farmland area after the response management for further analysis. During the response management cycle, if the farmland in the general damage area has not been transformed into a stable area, the next step is added to continue monitoring and analysis to ensure that the farmland in the severe damage area is transformed into a stable area. If the farmland in the general damage area is transformed into a stable area, the response management measures are stopped.

6. A method for supervising spatial areas of high-standard farmland construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The logic of abnormal analysis and processing of the acquired structural information to generate the structural stability index is as follows: Samples were taken from soil at different locations and depths and the following parameters were measured: Soil organic matter content: the percentage of organic matter in the soil; Soil density: the mass of soil divided by its volume; Capillary porosity: spaces in the soil that hold water by capillary action; Total Porosity: The percentage of soil volume that is pores; Soil organic matter content, soil density, capillary porosity and total pores are expressed as OM, ρ, Pc and Pt respectively; The soil parameters are standardized and the formula for standardization is: Where X is the original data, X′ is the standardized data, and X min and X max are the minimum and maximum values ​​of the data, respectively. The soil organic matter content, soil density, capillary porosity and total pores were standardized and calibrated as OM′, ρ′, Pc′ and Pt′ respectively; The structural stability index was calculated using the following expression: SSSI = ω1*OM′+ω2*ρ′+ω3*pc′+ω4*Pt′, where SSSI represents the structural stability index, and ω1, ω2, ω3, and ω4 are the weights of the standardized soil organic matter content OM′, soil density ρ′, capillary porosity Pc′, and total porosity Pt′, respectively.

7. A method for supervising spatial areas of high-standard farmland construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The logic of abnormal analysis and processing of the acquired salt information to generate the salt accumulation index is as follows: Soil samples were collected from different locations and depths, ground and dried to remove moisture to ensure the accuracy of salt determination; The pretreated soil samples were mixed with distilled water at a soil to water ratio of 1:5 and shaken to extract salt; The conductivity of the soil extract was measured using a conductivity meter; Calculate the salt accumulation index, the calculation expression is: Where SSAI is the salt accumulation index, EC is the actual conductivity of the sample, and EC ref is the reference conductivity, EC max is the electrical conductivity of extremely saline soils.

Images