Lens imaging experimental device for teaching

Abstract

The invention provides a lens imaging experimental device for teaching. The lens imaging experimental device comprises a light source component, a lens component and a digital display component which are coaxially arranged from left to right in sequence, the experimental device is provided with the light source component, the lens component and the digital display component which are mutually independent and connected, so that the experimental device is simple in structure, easy to manufacture and form and convenient to carry; the digital display component is provided with an object distance display screen and an image watching screen, so that on one hand, the distance between the light source component and the lens component can be conveniently adjusted, and on the other hand, students in different directions can visually see the image of the lens; the lens body and the lens support body are connected in an embedded manner, so that lenses with different focal lengths can be flexibly replaced, and students can understand the law of lens imaging; the lens component is used for measuring the distance between the light source component and the lens, the distance can be visually displayed through the object distance display screen, repeated adjustment is avoided, and students can deeply understand experimental phenomena.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a teaching experiment tool, in particular to a teaching lens imaging experiment device. Background Art

[0002] Lens imaging is a must-learn law in middle school physics. This experiment is introduced in the study of the refraction of light in junior high school physics to deepen students' understanding and mastery of the concept of light refraction. The traditional experimental method of this experiment is to use the flame of a lit candle as the illuminant, fix the convex lens and the light screen on the optical stand, change the distance between the illuminant and the convex lens by moving the illuminant, and then move the light screen to find the position of the image. Through further calculation of the experimental data, the law of convex lens imaging is analyzed and summarized. However, the above experimental method has many shortcomings, such as the unstable flame of the candle, which is easy to swing with the wind, and the brightness and edge changes of the candle are not obvious, which sometimes makes it impossible to find the clearest image on the light screen; the imaged candle flame shape is not obvious up and down, left and right, so that students do not have a deep understanding of the real image formed by the convex lens as "inverted"; in addition, the length of the candle will gradually shorten during the burning process, so that the "center of the three" of the illuminant, the light screen and the convex lens are not at the same height, and repeated adjustments are required, which is not convenient and time-consuming; in addition, the experimental device is large in size and long in length, which is not easy to carry.

[0003] The utility model with authorization announcement number CN 213987984 U discloses a lens imaging demonstration device for middle school physics experiments, including a first rectangular plate, a first rectangular groove is opened on the right side of the first rectangular plate, a second plate is slidably sleeved in the first rectangular groove, a U-shaped cavity is opened on the first rectangular plate, a second T-shaped rod is rotatably connected to the left inner wall of the U-shaped cavity, the left end of the second T-shaped rod extends outside the first rectangular plate, the front inner wall and the rear inner wall of the U-shaped cavity are fixedly connected to a connecting rod, the outer sliding sleeve of the connecting rod is provided with a movable shaft, and the outer side of the movable shaft is fixedly connected to a square plate. The utility model realizes nested telescopic function by arranging a first rectangular plate, a second T-shaped rod, a second spring, a battery and a candle-shaped lamp to cooperate with each other, which is convenient for carrying, and adopts a candle-shaped lamp to overcome the defects of a candle flame, but still has the following defects: first, the telescopic function is realized by arranging two mutually nested cross bars, but it has to rely on various rectangular plates, rectangular blocks, springs, fixed pulleys, flexible steel ropes and other connectors to achieve it, so the structure of the demonstration device is complex and the manufacturing and installation process is difficult; second, the display board is not connected to the external observation display device, and the size of the display board is limited and the position is fixed, so only the students located in front of the display screen can see the imaging of the convex lens; third, the concave-convex mirror is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the rectangular block, and lenses with different focal lengths cannot be replaced, which is not convenient for students to understand the difference in imaging of lenses with different focal lengths; in addition, there are no scales on the first cross bar and the second cross bar, and no related distance measuring tools are set, and the distance between the candle-shaped lamp and the convex lens has to be measured with the help of external tools, which is not convenient for recording experimental data. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a teaching lens imaging experimental device. The experimental device is provided with three independent and interconnected components, namely, a light source component, a lens component and a digital display component. The device is not only simple in structure and easy to manufacture, but also easy to carry. The digital display component is provided with an object distance display screen and an image viewing screen, which are convenient for adjusting the distance between the light source component and the lens component on the one hand, and can enable students in different positions to intuitively see the imaging of the lens on the other hand. The lens body and the lens support body are connected by inlaying, and lenses of different focal lengths can be flexibly replaced, which is conducive to students understanding the law of lens imaging. The lens component is provided with a device for measuring the distance between the light source component and the lens, which can be intuitively displayed through the object distance display screen, avoiding repeated adjustments, and also conducive to students' deep understanding of the experimental phenomena.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A teaching lens imaging experimental device comprises a light source component, a lens component and a digital display component which are coaxially arranged in sequence from left to right; the light source component comprises a vertically folded light source support body and a light emitting body arranged on the light source support body, the light emitting body comprises two light source mounting plates which are vertically and parallelly arranged on the light source support body, and the two light source mounting plates are provided with light sources; the lens component comprises a lens support body and a cubic anti-reversal counterweight block which is arranged at the lower right side of the lens support body, the lens support body comprises a cubic support base and lens embedding guide rails which are arranged at the left and right ends of the support base, a plurality of distance measuring sensors for measuring the horizontal distance between the light emitting body and the lens component are arranged in the support base, the lens embedding guide rails each comprise two vertically and parallelly arranged embedding guide rods, the two lens embedding guide rails are inlaid with lens bodies, the lens bodies comprise cubic lens mounting plates, and the A lifting ring for easy grasping and releasing is provided above the lens mounting plate, and movable edges that can be embedded in two lens embedded guide rails and move up and down are provided on both sides of the lens mounting plate, and lenses are provided on the lens mounting plate; the digital display component includes a digital display support shell in the form of a polyhedron, and a display screen with a coordinate axis scale is provided on the left side of the digital display support shell opposite to the lens component, and an object distance display screen and an image viewing screen are provided in sequence from top to bottom on at least one side of the digital display support shell, and a digital display controller is arranged in the digital display support shell, and the digital display controller is electrically connected to the distance measuring sensor. The digital display controller can display the signal transmitted by the distance measuring sensor in digital form on the object distance display screen, and display the image on the captured display screen on the image viewing screen. The digital display controller is also provided with a data cable that can be connected to an external viewing screen, and a switch for the digital display controller is provided on the digital display support shell.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution, in order to ensure that the centers of the light-emitting body, the lens, and the display screen are located on the same straight line, and at the same time enable the light-emitting body to move forward, backward, and up and down stably on the light source support body, the light source support body includes a vertically arranged rectangular light source moving guide plate and a cube-shaped light source support base arranged at the front and lower side of the light source moving guide plate, and the light source moving guide plate is provided with a guide magnet that allows the light-emitting body to move up, down, forward, and backward, and the light-emitting body is provided with an attractive magnet corresponding to the guide magnet.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution, in order to facilitate students to distinguish between lenses used for hyperopia and myopia glasses, intuitively observe the imaging differences between concave lenses and convex lenses, and help students understand the imaging laws of concave lenses and convex lenses, the experimental device also includes a secondary mirror component, the secondary mirror component includes a vertically arranged rectangular secondary mirror support body, the center of the upper and lower ends of the secondary mirror support body are provided with vertical grooves, and the secondary mirror support body is inlaid with hyperopia lenses and myopia lenses along its height direction.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0010] 1. This experimental device is equipped with three independent but interconnected components: a light source component, a lens component, and a digital display component. It is not only simple in structure and easy to manufacture, but also easy to carry. The digital display component is equipped with an object distance display screen and an image viewing screen, which is convenient for adjusting the distance between the light source component and the lens component on the one hand, and enables students in different positions to intuitively see the imaging of the lens on the other hand. The lens body and the lens support body are connected by inlaying, and lenses of different focal lengths can be flexibly replaced, which is conducive to students' understanding of the laws of lens imaging. The lens component is equipped with a device for measuring the distance between the light source component and the lens, which can be intuitively displayed through the object distance display screen to avoid repeated adjustments, which is also conducive to students' deep understanding of the experimental phenomena.

[0011] 2. The structure of the light source support and the luminous body is scientifically and reasonably set to ensure that the centers of the luminous body, lens, and display screen are located on the same straight line, and at the same time, the luminous body can be stably moved forward, backward, up and down on the light source support.

[0012] 3. The experimental device is also equipped with a secondary mirror component to facilitate students to distinguish the lenses used for farsightedness and myopia glasses, and to visually observe the imaging differences between concave lenses and convex lenses, which is conducive to students' understanding of the imaging laws of concave lenses and convex lenses. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0014] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2is a structural schematic diagram of a light source support body;

[0016] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a lens support body;

[0017] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lens;

[0018] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a digital display component;

[0019] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a secondary mirror component;

[0020] Figure numbers: 1. Light source component, 1-1. Light source support body, 1-1-1. Light source moving guide plate, 1-1-2. Light source support base, 1-1-3. Guide magnet, 1-2. Light source, 1-2-1. Light source mounting plate, 1-2-2. Light source, 2. Lens component, 2-1. Lens support body, 2-1-1. Support base, 2-1-2. Lens embedded in guide rail, 2-2. Anti-reversal counterweight, 2-3. Distance measurement Sensor, 2-4, lens body, 2-4-1, lens mounting plate, 2-4-2, lifting ring, 2-4-3, moving edge, 2-4-4, lens, 3, digital display component, 3-1, digital display support shell, 3-2, display screen, 3-3, object distance display screen, 3-4, image viewing screen, 3-5, switch, 4, secondary mirror component, 4-1, secondary mirror support body, 4-2, vertical groove, 4-3, hyperopia lens, 4-4, myopia lens. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] like Figure 1The figure shows a specific embodiment of the present invention, a teaching lens imaging experimental device, including a light source component 1, a lens component 2, and a digital display component 3 which are coaxially arranged from left to right in sequence; the light source component 1 includes a vertically folded light source support body 1-1 and a light-emitting body 1-2 arranged on the light source support body 1-1, the light-emitting body 1-2 includes two light source mounting plates 1-2-1 vertically and parallelly arranged on the light source support body 1-1, and light sources 1-2-2 are arranged in the two light source mounting plates 1-2-1. In this embodiment, the light source 1-2-2 includes a light-emitting board and a multi-particle LED light source in the shape of an F embedded in the light-emitting board. For ease of operation, a battery for the LED light source to emit light is also arranged in the light-emitting body 1-2, and the battery is turned on by a switch located at the light source. The switch control on the side of the board; the lens component 2 includes a lens support body 2-1 and a cube-shaped anti-falling counterweight 2-2 arranged at the lower right side of the lens support body 2-1, the lens support body 2-1 includes a cube-shaped support base 2-1-1 and a lens embedded guide rail 2-1-2 arranged at the left and right ends of the support base 2-1-1, and the support base 2-1-1 is provided with a plurality of distance sensors 2-3 for measuring the horizontal distance between the light source 1-2 and the lens component 2. Under the condition of meeting the distance measurement requirements, in order to control the cost and facilitate installation, this embodiment is provided with two distance sensors 2-3, and the distance sensors 2-3 are ultrasonic sensors. The lens embedded guide rails 2-1-2 each include two vertically parallel embedded guide rods, such as Figure 3 As shown, two lens embedding guide rails 2-1-2 are embedded with a lens body 2-4, and the lens body 2-4 includes a cubic lens mounting plate 2-4-1, and a lifting ring 2-4-2 is provided on the upper side of the lens mounting plate 2-4-1 for easy grasping and placing, and movable edges 2-4-3 are provided on both sides of the lens mounting plate 2-4-1, which can be embedded in the two lens embedding guide rails 2-1-2 and move up and down, and a lens 2-4-4 is provided on the lens mounting plate 2-4-1, as shown in FIG. Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment, an inlay hole corresponding to the shape and size of the lens 2-4-4 is opened on the lens mounting plate 2-4-1, and the lens 2-4-4 is inlaid in the inlay hole. In order to allow students to compare the different imaging of lenses with different focal lengths, which is conducive to students' understanding of the imaging principle of the lens, this embodiment sets three lens bodies 2-4 with focal lengths f=10cm, f=13cm, and f=15cm; the digital display component 3 includes a digital display support shell 3-1 in a polyhedral form. In order to facilitate manufacturing and installation and disassembly, this embodiment sets the digital display support shell 3-1 to be a rectangular parallelepiped, and the adjacent side surfaces are detachably connected. The left side of the digital display support shell 3-1 opposite to the lens component 2 is provided with a display screen 3 with coordinate axis scales. -2, at least one side of the digital display support shell 3-1 is provided with an object distance display screen 3-3 and an image viewing screen 3-4 in order from top to bottom, a digital display controller is arranged in the digital display support shell 3-1, and the digital display controller is electrically connected to the distance sensor 2-3. The digital display controller can display the signal transmitted by the distance sensor 2-3 in digital form on the object distance display screen 3-3, and display the image on the acquisition display screen 3-2 on the image viewing screen 3-4. The digital display controller is also provided with a data line that can be connected to an external viewing screen, so that the image on the display screen can be enlarged to a large screen for observation, so that as many people as possible can see the image. The digital display support shell 3-1 is provided with a switch 3-5 for the digital display controller. Figure 5 As shown;

[0022] The light source support body 1-1 includes a vertically arranged rectangular light source moving guide plate 1-1-1 and a cube-shaped light source support base 1-1-2 arranged at the front and lower side of the light source moving guide plate 1-1-1. The light source moving guide plate 1-1-1 is provided with a guide magnet 1-1-3 that allows the light source 1-2 to move up, down, forward and backward. The light source 1-2 is provided with an attracting magnet corresponding to the guide magnet 1-1-3. Figure 2 As shown, in order to ensure that the centers of the light emitting body 1-2, the lens 2-4-4 and the display screen 3-2 are located on the same straight line, the light emitting body 1-2 can be stably moved forward, backward and up and down on the light source support body 1-1.

[0023] The experimental device also includes a secondary mirror component 4, which includes a secondary mirror support body 4-1 vertically arranged in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and vertical grooves 4-2 are opened at the top and bottom centers of the secondary mirror support body 4-1. The secondary mirror support body 4-1 is inlaid with a hyperopia lens 4-3 and a myopia lens 4-4 along its height direction. Figure 6 As shown, in order to help students distinguish whether hyperopia and myopia glasses use concave lenses or convex lenses, intuitively observing the imaging differences between concave lenses and convex lenses will help students understand the imaging rules of concave lenses and convex lenses.

[0024] When the present invention is in use: First, place the experimental device on a horizontal tabletop, align the light source member 1, the lens member 2, and the digital display member 3 in a straight line, and turn on the power switches of the light source 1-2-2, the distance measuring sensor 2-3, and the display screen 3-2. Then, place the light source member 1 at a position where the distance from the lens is greater than 1 focal length and less than 2 focal lengths (this distance is called "object distance u", and the object distance u can be accurately measured by the distance measuring sensor 2-3 and displayed on the object distance display screen 3-3). Adjust the position of the digital display member 3 until a clear magnified and inverted real image of the light source 1-2-2 is observed on the display screen 3-2. Next, place the light source member 1 at a position where the distance from the lens is equal to 2 focal lengths, and adjust the position of the digital display member 3 until a clear equal-sized and inverted real image of the light source 1-2-2 is observed on the display screen 3-2. Finally, place the light source member 1 at a position where the distance from the lens is greater than 2 focal lengths, and adjust the position of the digital display member 3 until a clear reduced and inverted real image of the light source 1-2-2 is observed on the display screen 3-2. The micro camera inside the digital display member 3 can capture the images of the light source 1-2-2 at the above three positions on the display screen 3-2 respectively, and transfer the graphics to the image viewing screen 3-4 or a laptop computer, making it easier to observe and analyze the size change and upright / inverted characteristics of the image. At the same time, it is also convenient for students to conduct qualitative analysis and calculations. Meanwhile, a hyperopic lens 4-3 or a myopic lens 4-4 can be installed in the secondary mirror member 4, and the secondary mirror member 4 can be used to replace the lens member 2, and the imaging laws of lenses with different focal lengths, as well as the optical principles of myopia and presbyopia, can also be studied. This experimental device uses ultrasonic waves to measure the object distance, realizes the electronization of the image, and has multiple functions, which cannot be achieved by the traditional optical bench in middle school laboratories.

[0025] This experiment involves the imaging principle of a convex lens, and the principle is as follows: Let the distance between the light source and the convex lens be the object distance u, the focal length of the convex lens be f, and the distance between the image and the convex lens be the image distance v.

[0026] 1. When u < f, the convex lens does not form a real image.

[0027] 2. When f < u < 2f, the convex lens forms a magnified and inverted real image, and at this time v > 2f.

[0028] 3. When 2f < u, the convex lens forms a reduced and inverted real image, and at this time f < v < 2f.

[0029] Of course, the above only describes in detail the preferred specific embodiments of the present invention in combination with the drawings, and does not limit the scope of implementation of the present invention by this. Any equivalent changes made according to the principles, structures, and configurations of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A teaching lens imaging experimental device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a light source component (1), a lens component (2), and a digital display component (3) which are coaxially arranged in sequence from left to right; the light source component (1) comprises a vertically folded light source support body (1-1) and a light emitting body (1-2) arranged on the light source support body (1-1); the light emitting body (1-2) comprises two light source mounting plates (1-2-1) arranged vertically and parallel to the light source support body (1-1); the two light source mounting plates (1-2-1) are provided with light sources (1-2-2); the lens component (2) comprises a lens support body (2-1) and a cubic anti-reversal counterweight block (2-2) arranged at the lower right side of the lens support body (2-1). 2), the lens support body (2-1) comprises a support base (2-1-1) in the shape of a cube and lens embedding guide rails (2-1-2) arranged at the left and right ends of the support base (2-1-1), a plurality of distance measuring sensors (2-3) for measuring the horizontal distance between the light source (1-2) and the lens component (2) are arranged in the support base (2-1-1), the lens embedding guide rails (2-1-2) each comprise two embedding guide rods arranged vertically and parallelly, the two lens embedding guide rails (2-1-2) are inlaid with lens bodies (2-4), the lens bodies (2-4) comprise a lens mounting plate (2-4) in the shape of a cube -1), a lifting ring (2-4-2) for easy grasping and placing is provided above the lens mounting plate (2-4-1), movable edges (2-4-3) that can be embedded in two lens embedding guide rails (2-1-2) and move up and down are provided on both sides of the lens mounting plate (2-4-1), and lenses (2-4-4) are provided on the lens mounting plate (2-4-1); the digital display component (3) comprises a digital display support shell (3-1) in the form of a polyhedron, a display screen (3-2) with coordinate axis scales is provided on the left side of the digital display support shell (3-1) opposite to the lens component (2), and the digital display support shell (3-1) has at least one An object distance display screen (3-3) and an image viewing screen (3-4) are arranged on the side in order from top to bottom. A digital display controller is arranged in the digital display support housing (3-2). The digital display controller is electrically connected to the distance sensor (2-3). The digital display controller can display the signal transmitted by the distance sensor (2-3) in digital form on the object distance display screen (3-3) and display the image on the acquisition display screen (3-2) on the image viewing screen (3-4). The digital display controller (3-2) is also provided with a data line that can be connected to an external viewing screen. A switch (3-5) for the digital display controller is provided on the digital display support housing (3-2).

2. The teaching lens imaging experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light source support body (1-1) comprises a light source moving guide plate (1-1-1) arranged vertically in a rectangular parallelepiped shape and a light source support base (1-1-2) arranged at the front side and below the light source moving guide plate (1-1-1) in a cubic shape; a guide magnet (1-1-3) is arranged on the light source moving guide plate (1-1-1) to enable the light source (1-2) to move up, down, forward and backward; and an attracting magnet corresponding to the guide magnet is arranged on the light source (1-2).

3. The teaching lens imaging experimental device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The experimental device also includes a secondary mirror component (4), the secondary mirror component (4) includes a secondary mirror support body (4-1) vertically arranged in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, the secondary mirror support body (4-1) is provided with a vertical groove (4-2) at the center of the upper and lower ends, and the secondary mirror support body (4-1) is inlaid with a hyperopia lens (4-3) and a myopia lens (4-4) along its height direction.

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