Lateral thoracotomy model for thoracic surgery and preparation process of lateral thoracotomy model

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of side thoracotomy models, and discloses a side thoracotomy model for thoracic surgery and a preparation process thereof. Comprising a lateral thoracotomy model, the interior of the lateral thoracotomy model is movably connected with a rib model, the interior of the rib model is provided with a lung lobe model, and the side surface of the lung lobe model is covered with a thoracic cavity membrane. The stirred and mixed liquid can be injected into a mold to conduct injection molding production on the rib model, when the rib model is cooled through polytetrafluoroethylene and PVC plastic materials, the hardness of the materials is increased, and the materials can be normally used for the rib model; according to the technical scheme, the cut-off rib model can be detached from the interior of the lateral thoracotomy model, the detached rib model is heated at high temperature in a heating mode so that the rib model can be subjected to liquid injection molding again, and therefore the rift valley model can be repeatedly used, and the material use cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of lateral thoracotomy models, in particular to a lateral thoracotomy model for thoracic surgery and a preparation process thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the field of cardiothoracic surgery, although minimally invasive surgery is highly praised for its small trauma and quick recovery, doctors face challenges in improving their skills because traditional training methods have limited surgical opportunities, high risks, and cannot fully simulate the surgical process. With the advancement of computer-aided design, computer-aided manufacturing, and virtual reality technology, we have developed a new lateral thoracotomy training model that aims to provide a safe, economical, and highly simulated training environment, allowing doctors to effectively improve their surgical skills without involving real patients, thereby improving the success rate of surgery and the quality of life of patients;

[0003] In cardiothoracic surgery, median thoracotomy is a common surgical approach. Its complexity and high requirements for delicate operations make it challenging for doctors to develop their skills. Traditional training methods, such as surgical practice and limited simulation training, have limitations such as limited surgical opportunities, high risks, and insufficient simulation. With the advancement of medical simulation technology, especially the application of computer-aided design, computer-aided manufacturing, virtual reality, and tactile feedback technology, we are committed to developing a new median thoracotomy training model. The model will provide a highly simulated surgical experience, including simulated sternum texture, tactile feedback of blood vessels and tissues, and operational feedback of surgical tools, aiming to enable doctors to improve their surgical skills and decision-making ability through repeated practice in an environment with minimized risks, thereby improving surgical success rates and patient safety;

[0004] When preparing the ribs for the lateral thoracotomy model for thoracic surgery, materials with higher hardness are usually used to prepare and produce the ribs. The ribs after the simulated operation cannot be repeatedly processed and used, which easily increases the cost of material use. At the same time, when preparing the lateral thoracotomy model for thoracic surgery, the softness of the rubber material used cannot be controlled, resulting in the hardness of the injection molded model failing to meet the required standard, affecting the simulation preparation effect of the model. Summary of the invention

[0005] 1. Technical issues to be solved

[0006] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a lateral thoracotomy model for thoracic surgery and a preparation process thereof. When the rib model is produced by injection molding, an external stirring device can be used to stir and mix polytetrafluoroethylene and PVC plastic materials, and the stirred and mixed liquid can be injected into the mold to produce the rib model by injection molding. When the polytetrafluoroethylene and PVC plastic materials are cooled, the hardness of the material becomes hard so that the rib model can be used normally. After the medical staff performs a lateral thoracotomy simulation, the cut rib model can be disassembled from the inside of the lateral thoracotomy model, so that the disassembled rib model can be subjected to high temperature treatment by heating. Heating allows the rib model to be re-formed into liquid injection molding, so that the rift model can be repeatedly used, reducing the cost of material use. After the injection molding of the model components is completed, the softener, vinegar and water can be mixed in proportion so that the model components can be soaked. Since the model components are made of rubber material, when the model components are soaked, the model components are affected by the softener and vinegar, making the model components soft. The soaking time of the model components can be determined according to the required softness of the model components, so that the softness of the model components is more in line with human tissues, etc., which solves the problems of being unable to repeatedly process and use the ribs and the inconvenience of controlling the hardness of the model.

[0007] (II) Technical solution

[0008] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: comprising a lateral thoracotomy model, wherein the internal flexibly connected rib model is provided with a lung lobe model, the rib model is provided with a lung lobe model inside, the side surfaces of the lung lobe models are covered with a pleural membrane, the side surfaces of the lung lobe models are wrapped with a heart model, the side surfaces of the rib models are covered with a first muscle layer, the side surfaces of the first muscle layer are covered with a fat layer, the side surfaces of the fat layer are covered with a second muscle layer, the side surfaces of the second muscle layer are covered with subcutaneous tissue, the side surfaces of the subcutaneous tissue are covered with a skin model, and blood vessels are provided on the upper surface of the heart model, and the blood vessels cover the inside of the first muscle layer and the second muscle layer.

[0009] Preferably, the pleural membrane is made of a transparent material, and the pleural membrane is evenly wrapped around the surface of the lung lobe model.

[0010] Preferably, a circular hole is formed on the upper surface of the lateral thoracotomy model, and the end of the blood vessel away from the heart model extends out of the circular hole.

[0011] Preferably, the lung lobe model is composed of the upper lobe segment, the middle lobe segment and the lower lobe segment.

[0012] Preferably, the inner wall of the lateral thoracotomy model is provided with a mounting opening, and the mounting opening is engaged and connected with the rib model.

[0013] Preferably, edible oil is injected into the interior of the fat layer and the upper and lower surfaces of the fat layer.

[0014] A lateral thoracotomy model for thoracic surgery and a preparation process thereof, comprising the following steps:

[0015] S1. Use the software on the computer to calculate data and draw graphics on the lateral thoracotomy model, rib model, lung lobe model, pleural membrane, heart model, first muscle layer, second muscle layer, fat layer, subcutaneous tissue, skin model and blood vessels;

[0016] S2, transmitting the drawn graphics to a 3D printer, so that the 3D printer prints a plurality of model components used for the lateral thoracotomy model, so that a mold used for injection molding of the model can be obtained;

[0017] S3. When the rib model is injection molded, polytetrafluoroethylene and PVC plastic materials are mixed to prepare the rib model by injection molding, and the solution is injected into the mold to prepare the parts used in the model;

[0018] S4. After the parts used in the model are prepared, a softener and vinegar are mixed with heated water in proportion, so that the injection molded model parts can be soaked. After the parts used in the model are soaked, the multiple parts can be wiped clean for assembly preparation.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a lateral thoracotomy model for thoracic surgery and a preparation process thereof, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. When the rib model is produced by injection molding, the external stirring device can be used to stir and mix the polytetrafluoroethylene and PVC plastic materials, and the stirred and mixed liquid can be injected into the mold to produce the rib model by injection molding. When the polytetrafluoroethylene and PVC plastic materials are used to make the rib model harden when it is cooled, so that the rib model can be used normally. After the medical staff simulates the lateral thoracotomy, the cut rib model can be disassembled from the inside of the lateral thoracotomy model, so that the disassembled rib model can be heated at high temperature by heating so that the rib model can be formed into liquid injection molding again, so that the rib model can be used repeatedly, reducing the material use cost.

[0021] 2. After the injection molding of the model components is completed, the softener, vinegar and water can be mixed in proportion so that the model components can be soaked. Since the model components are made of rubber material, when the model components are soaked, the model components are affected by the softener and vinegar, so that the model components can be softened. The soaking time of the model components can be determined according to the required softness of the model components, so that the softness of the model components can be more closely fitted to human tissues. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a partial schematic diagram of the interior of the side thoracotomy model of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal part of the side view of the lateral thoracotomy model of the structure of the present invention.

[0025] Among them: 1. Side thoracotomy model; 2. Rib model; 3. Pleural membrane; 4. Lung lobe model; 5. Heart model; 6. Blood vessels; 7. Second muscle layer; 8. Fat layer; 9. First muscle layer; 10. Skin model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Embodiment 1:

[0028] See also Figure 1-3A lateral thoracotomy model for thoracic surgery comprises a lateral thoracotomy model 1, wherein a rib model 2 is movably connected to the inside of the lateral thoracotomy model 1, wherein an installation opening is provided on the inner wall of the lateral thoracotomy model 1, and the installation opening is engaged with the rib model 2, and the rib model 2 can be assembled into the inside of the lateral thoracotomy model 1 by using the installation opening to form a rib for use in the lateral thoracotomy model 1, wherein a lung lobe model 4 is arranged inside the rib model 2, wherein the lung lobe model 4 is composed of an upper lung lobe segment, a middle lung lobe segment and a lower lung lobe segment, and the side surfaces of the lung lobe model 4 are all covered with a pleural membrane 3, and the pleural membrane 3 is a transparent material. The thoracic membrane 3 is evenly wrapped with the surface of the lung lobe model 4. When the rib model 2 is assembled, the upper lobe segment, the middle lobe segment and the lower lobe segment of the lung lobe model 4 can be formed. When the lung lobe model 4 is assembled, the thoracic membrane can be covered on the surface of the lung lobe model 4 for wrapping. The side surface of the lung lobe model 4 is wrapped with a heart model 5. The side surface of the rib model 2 is covered with a first muscle layer 9. The side surface of the first muscle layer 9 is covered with a fat layer 8. Edible oil is injected into the inside of the fat layer 8 and the upper and lower surfaces of the fat layer 8. The side surface of the fat layer 8 is covered with a second muscle layer. The side surfaces of the meat layer 7 and the second muscle layer 7 are covered with subcutaneous tissue, and the side surfaces of the subcutaneous tissue are covered with skin models 10. The upper surface of the heart model 5 is provided with blood vessels 6, and the blood vessels 6 cover the inside of the first muscle layer 9 and the second muscle layer 7. A circular hole is opened on the upper surface of the side thoracotomy model 1, and the end of the blood vessel 6 away from the heart model 5 extends out of the inside of the circular hole. The glue required by the model is applied to the surface of the rib model 2 so that the first muscle layer 9 can be covered on the surface of the rib model 2 for wrapping. A small amount of edible oil can be injected into the fat layer 8 through a needle, and part of the fat layer 8 can be covered with the first muscle layer 9. Edible oil can be applied to the upper and lower surfaces of the fat layer 8, and the glue used in the model is mixed with edible oil and applied to the surface of the fat layer 8, so that the fat layer 8 can cover the surface of the first muscle layer 9, and the second muscle layer 7 can cover the surface of the fat layer 8, and the branches of the blood vessels 6 are evenly distributed inside the first muscle layer 9 and the second muscle layer 7, and the main tube of the blood vessel 6 can extend from the inside of the lateral thoracotomy model 1 through the circular hole, so that it can inject external plasma into the blood vessel 6, and the plasma can flow into the multiple branched blood vessels 6, making it more realistic for medical staff to perform lateral thoracotomy simulation surgery.

[0029] Embodiment 2:

[0030] A lateral thoracotomy model for thoracic surgery and a preparation process thereof, comprising the following steps:

[0031] S1, through the software on the computer, the data of the contralateral thoracotomy model 1, the rib model 2, the lung lobe model 4, the pleural membrane 3, the heart model 5, the first muscle layer 9, the second muscle layer 7, the fat layer 8, the subcutaneous tissue, the skin model 10 and the blood vessels 6 are calculated and graphically depicted, so that they can be input through the software on the computer according to the human body data, so as to facilitate the simulation production of the contralateral thoracotomy model 1;

[0032] S2, transmitting the drawn graphics to the 3D printer, so that the 3D printer prints multiple model parts used for the lateral thoracotomy model 1, so that the 3D printer can obtain a mold used for injection molding of the model, and produce the mold in the same proportion as the human body, so that the model can be produced by injecting rubber liquid through the mold;

[0033] S3. When the rib model 2 is injection molded, polytetrafluoroethylene and PVC plastic materials are mixed to prepare the rib model 2 by injection molding, and the solution is injected into the mold to prepare the parts used in the model. When the rib model 2 is injection molded, the polytetrafluoroethylene and PVC plastic materials can be stirred and mixed by an external stirring device, and the stirred and mixed liquid can be injected into the mold to produce the rib model 2 by injection molding. When the rib model 2 is cooled by the polytetrafluoroethylene and PVC plastic materials, the hardness of the material becomes hard so that the rib model 2 can be used normally. After the medical staff simulates the side thoracotomy, the cut rib model 2 can be disassembled from the inside of the side thoracotomy model 1, so that the disassembled rib model 2 can be heated at high temperature by heating so that the rib model 2 can be formed into liquid injection molding again, so that the rift model can be repeatedly used, reducing the material use cost;

[0034] S4. After the preparation of the parts used in the model is completed, the softener and vinegar are mixed with the heated water in proportion, so that the injection-molded model parts can be soaked. After the parts used in the model are soaked, the multiple parts can be wiped clean for assembly preparation. After the injection molding of the model parts is completed, the softener, vinegar and water can be mixed in proportion so that the model parts can be soaked. Since the model parts are made of rubber material, when the model parts are soaked, the model parts are affected by the softener and vinegar, so that the model parts can be softened. According to the required softness of the model parts, the soaking time of the model parts can be determined, so that the softness of the model parts is more in line with human tissue.

[0035] When in use, the computer software is used to calculate data and draw graphics for the lateral thoracotomy model 1, the rib model 2, the lung lobe model 4, the pleural membrane 3, the heart model 5, the first muscle layer 9, the second muscle layer 7, the fat layer 8, the subcutaneous tissue, the skin model 10 and the blood vessel 6, and the drawn graphics are transmitted to the 3D printer, so that the 3D printer prints multiple model parts used in the lateral thoracotomy model 1, thereby obtaining an injection mold, and injecting the rubber liquid into the injection mold for shaping and producing the lateral thoracotomy model 1, and using the external stirring device to stir and mix the polytetrafluoroethylene and the PVC plastic material, and the stirred and mixed liquid can be injected into the injection mold. The rib model 2 is injected into the mold. The rib model 2 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene and PVC plastic materials. When the rib model 2 is cooled, the hardness of the material becomes hard so that the rib model 2 can be used normally. After the medical staff simulates the lateral thoracotomy, the cut rib model 2 can be disassembled from the inside of the lateral thoracotomy model 1, so that the disassembled rib model 2 can be heated at high temperature so that the rib model 2 can be formed into liquid injection molding again. When the parts used in the model are prepared, the softener and vinegar are mixed with the heated water in proportion, so that the injection-molded model parts can be soaked. Since the model parts are made of rubber material When the model parts are soaked, the model parts are affected by the softener and vinegar, so that the model parts can be softened. The soaking time of the model parts can be determined according to the softness required by the model parts, so that the softness of the model parts can be more suitable for human tissues. After the parts used in the model are soaked, the multiple parts can be wiped clean and assembled. The rib model 2 can be assembled into the inside of the lateral thoracotomy model 1 by using the installation port to form a rib for use in the lateral thoracotomy model 1. When the rib model 2 is assembled, the upper lobe, middle lobe and lower lobe of the lung lobe model 4 can be formed. When the lung lobe model 4 is assembled, the pleural membrane can be covered on The surface of the lung lobe model 4 is wrapped, and the glue required for the model is applied to the surface of the rib model 2, so that the first muscle layer 9 can be covered on the surface of the rib model 2 for wrapping. A small amount of edible oil can be injected into the fat layer 8 through a syringe, and part of the edible oil can be applied to the upper and lower surfaces of the fat layer 8. The glue used in the model is mixed with the edible oil and applied to the surface of the fat layer 8, so that the fat layer 8 can cover the surface of the first muscle layer 9, and the second muscle layer 7 can cover the surface of the fat layer 8. External plasma is injected into the blood vessel 6, so that the plasma can flow into multiple branched blood vessels 6, making it more realistic for medical staff to perform lateral thoracotomy simulation surgery.

[0036] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A lateral thoracotomy model for thoracic surgery, comprising a lateral thoracotomy model (1), characterized in that: The lateral thoracotomy model (1) is internally movably connected to a rib model (2), a lung lobe model (4) is arranged inside the rib model (2), the side surface of the lung lobe model (4) is covered with a pleural membrane (3), the side surface of the lung lobe model (4) is wrapped with a heart model (5), the side surface of the rib model (2) is covered with a first muscle layer (9), the side surface of the first muscle layer (9) is covered with a fat layer (8), the side surface of the fat layer (8) is covered with a second muscle layer (7), the side surface of the second muscle layer (7) is covered with subcutaneous tissue, the side surface of the subcutaneous tissue is covered with a skin model (10), and the upper surface of the heart model (5) is provided with blood vessels (6), and the blood vessels (6) cover the inside of the first muscle layer (9) and the second muscle layer (7).

2. A lateral thoracotomy model for thoracic surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pleural membrane (3) is made of a transparent material, and the pleural membrane (3) is evenly wrapped around the surface of the lung lobe model (4).

3. A lateral thoracotomy model for thoracic surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circular hole is provided on the upper surface of the lateral thoracotomy model (1), and one end of the blood vessel (6) away from the heart model (5) extends out of the circular hole.

4. A lateral thoracotomy model for thoracic surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lung lobe model (4) is composed of the upper lobe segment, the middle lobe segment and the lower lobe segment.

5. A lateral thoracotomy model for thoracic surgery and a preparation process thereof according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the lateral thoracotomy model (1) is provided with a mounting opening, and the mounting opening is engaged and connected with the rib model (2).

6. A lateral thoracotomy model for thoracic surgery and a preparation process thereof according to claim 1, characterized in that: Edible oil is injected into the interior of the fat layer (8) and the upper surface and the lower surface of the fat layer (8).

7. A lateral thoracotomy model for thoracic surgery and a preparation process thereof according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Using the software on the computer, data calculation and graphic drawing are performed on the lateral thoracotomy model (1), rib model (2), lung lobe model (4), pleural membrane (3), heart model (5), first muscle layer (9), second muscle layer (7), fat layer (8), subcutaneous tissue, skin model (10) and blood vessels (6); S2, transmitting the drawn graphics to a 3D printer, so that the 3D printer prints a plurality of model components used for the lateral thoracotomy model (1), so that a mold used for injection molding of the model can be obtained; S3, when the rib model (2) is injection molded, polytetrafluoroethylene and PVC plastic materials are mixed to prepare the rib model (2), and the solution is injected into the mold to prepare the parts used in the model; S4. After the parts used in the model are prepared, a softener and vinegar are mixed with heated water in proportion, so that the injection molded model parts can be soaked. After the parts used in the model are soaked, the multiple parts can be wiped clean for assembly preparation.

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