Transformer integrating a rectifying circuit within a magnetic component and capable of two-dimensional vector expansion

Abstract

A transformer that integrates a rectifying circuit within a magnetic component and enables two-dimensional vector expansion belongs to the technical field of processors. Four full-wave rectifying circuits with consistent layouts are integrated within each magnetic component unit. The primary winding is composed of coils wound around a central magnetic column, and the secondary winding of the rectifying circuit is composed of wires passing through one or more magnetic core windows and is connected in parallel using a multi-layer PCB. The present invention can enable the secondary current of the transformer to directly flow vertically out of the rectifying circuit and into the subsequent current output module, thereby reducing the conduction loss within the subsequent module. The present invention allows the transformer, when expanding the number of phases and enhancing the power supply current capacity, to no longer be restricted to horizontal lateral expansion but can achieve phase number expansion in multiple directions within a two-dimensional plane, thereby enabling an array composed of multiple current output modules to be replaced by a single module, avoiding excessive increase in the module package length in a single direction. The present invention realizes an increase in the power density of the subsequent current output module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of processors, and particularly relates to a transformer that integrates a rectifier circuit into a magnetic element and can be two-dimensionally vector-expanded. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous expansion of the scale of data centers, new cluster supercomputers based on AI ASIC processors have been introduced, raising the current level of the power transmission network to nearly 100 kA / cluster. The clustered ASIC system adopts a tight packaging to achieve the required high-speed bandwidth, thereby realizing the trillion - level processing performance required for AI training workloads (such as autonomous driving, etc.). The increasingly compact processor cluster applications limit the feasibility of placing the point-of-load power supply solutions horizontally beside the processors. Moreover, each processor in the cluster itself may require a current of 600 - 1000 A. Therefore, even on a single processor acceleration card, if the placement position of the power supply solution is not close to the power pins of the processor, it will cause serious PCB or substrate impedance losses. Therefore, innovation is needed in aspects such as the point-of-load power current transmission structure, magnetic integration design, and packaging to supply such high current demands.

[0003] In the traditional horizontal current transmission structure, as Figure 1 shown, both the front - stage converter and the rear - stage converter in the point-of-load power supply are horizontally placed around the processor, and a large number of decoupling capacitors are placed directly below the processor to ensure that the point-of-load power supply can provide sufficient transient response capabilities for it. However, in the horizontal current transmission structure, the current needs to flow from the rear - stage power module into the motherboard PCB through a large number of vias, and then through the motherboard PCB and into the processor through vias again. The large number of vias and the long horizontal transmission path in the path make it difficult to further reduce the parasitic resistance and parasitic inductance between the rear - stage power module and the processor, which is not conducive to improving the transmission efficiency and transient response capabilities.

[0004] In order to further reduce the parasitic resistance and parasitic inductance on the current transmission path from the point-of-load power supply to the processor, the processor power supply layout method is changing from horizontal power supply to vertical power supply. Figure 2 A vertical power supply design scheme is given. This vertical power supply structure consists of three integrated modules: the lower layer is an Interposer, the middle layer is an array of point-of-load power supply rear - stage current output modules, and the upper layer is a point-of-load power supply front - stage voltage regulator module. Among them, the Interposer is mainly responsible for integrating the high - frequency decoupling capacitors required on the processor side and redistributing the current output terminals into a mode consistent with the processor mirror image. The front - stage voltage regulator module is mainly responsible for stabilizing the power supply voltage required by the processor output by the point-of-load power supply within a wide input voltage range, and the rear - stage current output module array is responsible for achieving a high step - down ratio and reducing the intermediate bus voltage to within the range required by the processor power supply standard.

[0005] A typical converter that can be adopted by the post-stage current output module is the LLC resonant converter, which can utilize multiple secondary windings of the transformer to achieve multi-phase parallel output, as Figure 3 shown. However, the existing design of the post-stage current output module has the following defects: First, the current output terminals need to be arranged outside the magnetic component, increasing the current transmission path within the module, which is not conducive to improving the power supply efficiency of the module; Second, when the module improves its power supply current capacity, it can only expand the number of transformer phases horizontally, resulting in continuous increase in the module packaging length and exceeding the processor packaging length, and the matching degree with the processor packaging is poor under the vertical power supply structure; Finally, the existing technology cannot well integrate the power MOSFET and output filter capacitor required by the rectifier circuit within the magnetic component, increasing the packaging size of the entire transformer, which is not conducive to improving the power density. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims at the post-stage current output module in the processor vertical power supply scheme, and proposes a transformer that integrates the rectifier circuit within the magnetic component and can be two-dimensionally vector-expanded, and is applicable to converters such as LLC, CLLC, CDR, and TLVR.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0008] A transformer that integrates the rectifier circuit within the magnetic component and can be two-dimensionally vector-expanded, including a plurality of primary windings, a plurality of four-window magnetic component units that can be two-dimensionally vector-expanded, and a plurality of rectifier circuits; each magnetic component unit integrates four full-wave rectifier circuits with the same layout, the primary winding can be composed of a coil wound around the central magnetic column, and the secondary winding of the rectifier circuit is composed of a wire passing through one or more magnetic core windows and is connected in parallel by a multi-layer PCB.

[0009] The present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0010] The present invention can realize that the secondary current of the transformer directly flows out vertically through the rectifier circuit from the post-stage current output module, thereby reducing the conduction loss within the post-stage module.

[0011] The present invention enables the transformer to no longer be restricted to horizontal expansion when expanding the number of phases and improving the power supply current capacity, but can expand the number of phases in multiple directions within the two-dimensional plane, so that the existing array composed of multiple current output modules can be replaced by a single module, avoiding excessive increase in the module packaging length in a single direction.

[0012] The present invention enables the packaging of the current output module to be changed from the existing long-strip packaging to a square packaging similar to the processor packaging, thereby achieving a better matching degree between the two packagings.

[0013] The present invention can integrate the power MOSFET, output filter capacitor, and positive and negative output terminals in the secondary rectifier circuit well within the magnetic component, thereby achieving an increase in the power density of the subsequent current output module. Description of the Drawings

[0014] Figure 1 is the traditional horizontal current transmission structure of the AI ASIC processor;

[0015] Figure 2 is a processor vertical power supply method for an AI ASIC cluster;

[0016] Figure 3 is an LLC converter with multi-phase parallel output;

[0017] Figure 4 is a four-core window magnetic component unit that can be extended in the X-Y direction;

[0018] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the expansion of the four-window magnetic component unit along the X-axis and Y-axis directions;

[0019] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the secondary rectifier circuit structure of the LLC converter;

[0020] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the secondary winding passing through one core window and the layout of the full-wave rectifier circuit components;

[0021] Figure 8 are two LLC matrix transformers using 4 four-window magnetic component units;

[0022] Figure 9 is the arrangement of the secondary winding passing through two core windows simultaneously;

[0023] Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of the multi-phase CDR converter;

[0024] Figure 11 are the key characteristic dimensions of the four-window magnetic component unit;

[0025] Figure 12 is a 2-row and 2-column matrix transformer;

[0026] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the stacked arrangement of the primary and secondary windings of the transformer in the PCB;

[0027] Figure 14 is the MAXWELL eddy current field simulation result;

[0028] Figure 15 is the simulation result of the core loss of the Maxwell transient field;

[0029] Wherein: 1. Central magnetic column; 2. Sector side column; 3. Core cover plate; 4. Core base; 5. Core window. Detailed implementation manners

[0030] In order to better understand the purpose, structure and function of the present invention, the following further detailed description of the present invention will be made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0031] As Figures 1 to 15 shown, a transformer integrating a rectifier circuit in a magnetic element and capable of two-dimensional vector expansion, as Figure 12 shown, includes a plurality of primary windings, a plurality of four-window magnetic element units capable of two-dimensional vector expansion, and a plurality of rectifier circuits; the primary windings can be composed of coils wound around the central magnetic column 1, and the secondary windings of the rectifier circuits are composed of wires passing through one or more core windows 5 and are connected in parallel by a multi-layer PCB.

[0032] As Figure 4 shown, the magnetic element unit includes a central magnetic column 1, a core cover plate 3, a core base 4 and four sector side columns 2; the four sector side columns 2 are arranged around the central magnetic column 1, and the central magnetic column 1 and the four sector side columns 2 are connected between the parallel core cover plate 3 and the core base 4. Each sector side column 2 has a sector angle of 90°, and forms a core window 5 with the central magnetic column 1. Therefore, there are a total of four core windows 5 in this magnetic unit. The four-window magnetic element unit can expand the number of magnetic element units in the X-axis and Y-axis directions in a two-dimensional plane coordinate system with the center of the central magnetic column 1 as the origin, so as to form a multi-row and multi-column core matrix, playing a role in expanding the number of phases of the transformer in the two-dimensional plane. As Figure 5 shown.

[0033] A typical application of the four-window magnetic element unit capable of two-dimensional vector expansion proposed by the present invention is the matrix transformer of an LLC converter. The matrix transformer can use a plurality of such magnetic element units to construct a multi-phase rectifier circuit for parallel output. The structure of the full-wave rectifier circuit on the secondary side of the LLC converter is as Figure 6 shown, where each rectifier circuit includes synchronous rectifier MOSFET S A , MOSFET S B , secondary winding A, secondary winding B, output filter capacitor Co 1 , output filter capacitor Co 2 , load R L , positive output terminal and negative output terminal;

[0034] The secondary winding A, MOSFET S A and load R L form a series circuit one, and the capacitor Co 2 is connected to the load R through the positive output terminal and the negative output terminalL Parallel connection;

[0035] Secondary winding B, MOSFET S B and load R L form series circuit two, and capacitor Co 1 is connected in parallel with load R through the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal. L Parallel connection.

[0036] When the primary winding transfers the negative half-wave to the secondary winding, secondary winding A, synchronous rectifier MOSFET S A and capacitor Co 2 work together to transfer current to load R L ; when the primary winding transfers the positive half-wave to the secondary winding, secondary winding B, synchronous rectifier MOSFET S B and capacitor Co 1 work together to transfer current to load R L . Therefore, the proposed four-window magnetic element unit can be used to construct a full-wave rectifier circuit according to the Figure 7 arrangement of components and the arrangement of secondary windings given, where the black squares represent synchronous rectifier MOSFET S A and MOSFET S B , the terminal with a + sign is the positive output terminal, the terminal with a - sign is the negative output terminal, the green arrow represents the winding direction of secondary winding A, and the blue arrow represents the winding direction of secondary winding B.

[0037] As Figure 7 shown, Example 1 of the arrangement of secondary windings:

[0038] The arrangement of secondary windings and the arrangement of rectifier circuit components given by the present invention have the following characteristics: 1) In each magnetic element unit, secondary winding A or secondary winding B passes through a magnetic core window; 2) A four-window magnetic element unit can integrate four-phase synchronous rectifier circuits with the same layout; 3) The secondary winding does not need to surround the sector side post 2 or the central magnetic post 1 to form a complete circle, and secondary winding A or secondary winding B only needs to be wound for 1 / 4 turn; 4) MOSFET S A and MOSFETS B , the positive output terminal, the negative output terminal, and the output filter capacitor C o1 , output filter capacitor C o2 can be placed between two adjacent sector side posts 2 and integrated inside the magnetic element unit without occupying additional layout area. 5) The induced current on secondary winding A or secondary winding B can directly flow from the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal to load R L and output filter capacitor C o1 , output filter capacitor Co2 , so the current transmission path is shorter and has smaller output terminal losses.

[0039] For a single four-window magnetic element unit, its primary winding can be composed of a coil wound around the central magnetic column 1. In addition, according to the above-mentioned characteristics of the four-core window 5 magnetic element unit that can be expanded along the X-axis and Y-axis, the number of magnetic element units can be selected according to the number of phases required on the LLC secondary side to form a matrix transformer to further improve the current output capacity.

[0040] Figure 8 Two examples of LLC matrix transformers using 4 four-window magnetic element units are given. In (a), a layout method of expanding both the X-axis and Y-axis is adopted, and the magnetic element units are arranged in two rows and two columns. The red curve represents the winding method that can be adopted for the primary winding of the transformer in this layout. In this method, the primary winding passes through all the core windows 5 of the four magnetic element units in sequence from the upper left, upper right, lower right, and lower left to form a complete one-turn coil. Therefore, the central magnetic column 1 of each magnetic unit is allocated 1 / 4 of the magnetic flux linkage generated by the primary winding. In (b), a layout method of expanding only the X-axis or Y-axis is adopted, and the primary winding can also pass through all the core windows 5 of the four magnetic element units in sequence along the X-axis or Y-axis to form a complete one-turn coil, so that the central magnetic column 1 of each magnetic unit is allocated 1 / 4 of the magnetic flux linkage generated by the primary winding. According to the above winding method of the primary winding, for an LLC matrix transformer using m four-window magnetic element units, the central magnetic column 1 of each magnetic unit is allocated 1 / m of the magnetic flux linkage generated by the primary winding.

[0041] As Figure 9 shown, Embodiment 2 of the secondary winding layout method:

[0042] The proposed four-window magnetic element unit can also be constructed into a full-wave rectifier circuit according to Figure 9 another secondary winding layout method shown, where the black squares represent synchronous rectifier MOSFET S A and MOSFETS B , the terminal with a + sign is the positive output terminal, the terminal with a - sign is the negative output terminal, the green arrow represents the winding direction of the secondary winding A, and the blue arrow represents the winding direction of the secondary winding B.

[0043] The secondary winding layout method and the rectifier circuit component layout method given have the following characteristics: 1) The secondary winding A or the secondary winding B passes through two adjacent core windows 5; 2) Four phases of synchronous rectifier circuits with the same layout can be integrated in one four-window magnetic element unit; 3) The secondary winding A or the secondary winding B does not need to surround the sector side column 2 or the core middle column to form a complete circle, and the secondary winding A or the secondary winding B only needs to be wound for 1 / 2 turn; 4) MOSFET S Aand MOSFET S B the positive output terminal, the negative output terminal, and the output filter capacitor C o1 the output filter capacitor C o2 can be placed between two adjacent sector side posts 2, thus integrated inside the magnetic component without occupying additional layout area. 5) The induced currents on the secondary windings A and B can directly flow from the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal to the load and the output filter capacitor C o1 the output filter capacitor C o2 , so the current transmission path is shorter and has smaller output terminal loss. Compared with Figure 7 where the secondary winding only passes through one magnetic core window 5, Figure 9 the secondary winding in Figure 7 passes through two magnetic core windows 5 at the same time, which means the magnetic flux coupled by the secondary is doubled compared with Figure 9 . Therefore, with the same number of series turns in the primary winding, the transformer turns ratio of the secondary arrangement method in Figure 7 is half of that of the method in

[0044] The above-mentioned integrated rectifier circuit and the magnetic component and transformer that can be two-dimensionally vector-expanded can also be applied to a multiphase CDR converter. According to Figure 10 the schematic diagram of the multiphase CDR converter given in A and S B the synchronous rectifier MOSFET S o and S A , the secondary windings A and B, the output filter capacitor C o and the positive / negative output terminals, the secondary winding A, the MOSFET S o and the load R B form a series circuit one, the capacitor Co is connected in parallel with the load R o through the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal, the secondary winding B, the MOSFET S Figure 7 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9 Therefore, the winding arrangement method in A and S B and the placement method of the synchronous rectifier MOSFET S

[0045] According to the above analysis of the magnetic component unit and winding arrangement, for a matrix transformer with m magnetic component units, each magnetic component unit having n magnetic core windows 5, when it has a primary winding with a turns in series and a multi-layer parallel secondary winding passing through b magnetic core windows 5, the voltage transformation ratio N of the transformer can be given by Equation (1). For example, for Figure 8 the shown matrix transformer with 4 magnetic component units, each magnetic component unit having 4 magnetic core windows 5, when the number of turns of the primary winding is 1 and each secondary winding only passes through 1 magnetic core window 5, the equivalent voltage transformation ratio N of this transformer is 1 / 16, and when each secondary winding only passes through 2 magnetic core windows 5, the equivalent voltage transformation ratio N is 1 / 8.

[0046]

[0047] Where: v s is the alternating voltage of the secondary side of the transformer; v p is the alternating voltage of the primary side of the transformer;

[0048] In addition, for the current output module in the point-of-load power supply, the primary and secondary windings of the above transformer can usually be designed in different PCB laminations. Among them, since the secondary winding transmits a relatively large current amplitude, usually in one layer of the PCB, one turn of wire is drawn through each magnetic core window 5 in the manner given in Figure 7 or Figure 9 , and a multi-layer parallel manner is adopted to reduce the parasitic resistance of the secondary winding. For the primary winding, it can be wound in multiple turns in one layer of the PCB in the winding manner given in Figure 8 , and the primary coils in this layer are usually connected in series. The primary coils between different layers can be selected to be connected in series or in parallel according to the design of the excitation inductance of the LLC converter or the voltage transformation ratio of the transformer.

[0049] For the proposed four-window magnetic component unit, it has key characteristic dimensions, such as Figure 11 shown, including the radius r of the central magnetic column 1, the window width x, the spacing y between the side columns, the thickness h b of the magnetic core base, the height h p of the magnetic column. The radius of the fan-shaped side column 2 is equal to the radius r of the central magnetic column 1, so that the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the four fan-shaped side columns 2 is equal to the cross-sectional area of the central magnetic column 1. The thickness of the top magnetic plate is equal to the thickness h b of the magnetic core base, and the side length of the four-window magnetic component unit is represented by L. Among the above key characteristic dimensions, the value of the magnetic column radius r is related to the peak magnetic flux B p conducted in the central magnetic column 1 of the magnetic core (according to Equation (2), where V t is the peak value of the primary side voltage of the transformer, N p is the number of turns of the primary coil, f sis the operating frequency of the transformer, m is the number of magnetic element units used, A e is the effective magnetic cross-sectional area of a magnetic element unit, which is given by the following formula (6). The minimum value of the side column spacing y is determined by the package size of the rectifier MOSFET selected, the size of the positive / negative output terminals, the package size of the output filter capacitor, and the component layout spacing. Referring to formula (3), where l MOS is the length occupied by all MOSFETs between the two side columns, l co is the length occupied by all output filter capacitors between the two side columns, l pin is the length occupied by all output positive / negative terminals between the two side columns. The relationship between the window width x, the magnetic column radius r, and the side column spacing y is given by (4).

[0050]

[0051] y = l MOS + l co + l pin (3)

[0052]

[0053] Based on the above definitions of the key feature dimensions, the effective volume V e and the effective magnetic cross-sectional area A e of the proposed four-window magnetic element unit can be further given, which are given by formulas (5) and (6) respectively. According to the formulas, it can be seen that the effective volume V e and the effective magnetic cross-sectional area A e are determined by the magnetic column radius r, the core base thickness h b and the magnetic column height h p .

[0054]

[0055] Based on the proposed four-window magnetic element unit that can be two-dimensionally vector-expanded, an LLC matrix transformer was designed. This matrix transformer uses a total of 4 identical four-window magnetic element units arranged in 2 rows and 2 columns. Each magnetic element unit integrates 4 full-wave rectifier circuits with the same layout, for a total of 16-phase secondary synchronous rectifier circuits, as Figure 12 shown. At the same time, the primary winding of the transformer uses two layers of PCB coils in parallel, with a total of one turn, and the secondary winding uses two layers of PCB in parallel. And each secondary winding only passes through one magnetic core window 5. Therefore, according to formula (1), the turns ratio N = 1 / 16 can be calculated.

[0056] Figure 13 Further given is Figure 12Schematic diagram of the stacked arrangement of the primary and secondary windings of the transformer in the PCB, where Pri represents the primary winding, SecA represents the secondary winding A, and SecB represents the secondary winding B. It can be seen that the primary and secondary windings are arranged alternately in the PCB. At the same time, under the given stacked arrangement, when SecA or SecB is working, the transformer has the same magnetomotive force distribution (MMF).

[0057] In order to further verify the above turn ratio calculation formula and the effective volume V of the designed four-window magnetic component unit e and the effective magnetic permeability area A e of the formula, using 3D finite element analysis, the designed LLC matrix transformer was simulated and verified. The input voltage of the designed half-bridge LLC converter is 48V, the operating frequency is 1MHz, and the expected output voltage is 1.5V. First, the working current density distribution of the primary and secondary sides of the designed matrix transformer was simulated using MAXWELL eddy current field, as shown in Figure 14 (a) and (b). It can be seen that the current density distributions of the 16-phase secondary windings are in good agreement. At the same time Figure 14 (c) shows the distribution of the magnetic flux B in the four magnetic component units. The results show that under the arranged primary and secondary winding modes designed, the magnetic flux distributions in each magnetic component unit are consistent and uniform. In addition, according to the simulation results, the self-inductance of the primary side of the transformer is 2.4853uH, the mutual inductance is 0.15404uH, and the self-inductance of the secondary side is 0.0097928uH. Therefore, the turn ratio can be calculated to be approximately 16.1 based on the self-inductance and mutual inductance of the transformer, which is consistent with the expected value.

[0058] Secondly, the loss of the magnetic core was simulated and verified using Maxwell transient field. The magnetic core material is DMR51W, and the average loss in each operating cycle is 0.7646W. In addition, according to formula (5) and formula (6) and the unit volume magnetic core loss curve given in the DMR51W material manual, the calculated result of the loss is 0.7456W, and the error compared with the simulation is 2.48%, which is less than 3%. Therefore, the effectiveness of the given calculation method for the effective parameters of the magnetic core can be obtained.

[0059] It can be understood that the present invention is described through some embodiments. Those skilled in the art know that without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes or equivalent replacements can be made to these features and embodiments. In addition, under the teaching of the present invention, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific situations and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application belong to the scope protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. A transformer that integrates a rectifier circuit into a magnetic element and can be two-dimensionally vector-expanded, characterized in that: The invention comprises a plurality of primary windings, a plurality of two-dimensionally vector-expandable four-window magnetic element units and a plurality of rectifier circuits; each magnetic element unit integrates four full-wave rectifier circuits with the same layout, the primary winding is composed of a coil wound around a central magnetic column (1), the secondary winding of the rectifier circuit is composed of a conductor passing through one or more magnetic core windows (5), and is connected in parallel using a multi-layer PCB. The magnetic element unit comprises a central magnetic column (1), a magnetic core cover plate (3), a magnetic core base (4) and four sector-shaped side columns (2); the four sector-shaped side columns (2) are arranged around the central magnetic column (1); the central magnetic column (1) and the four sector-shaped side columns (2) are connected between the magnetic core cover plate (3) and the magnetic core base (4) arranged in parallel; the sector angle of each sector-shaped side column (2) is 90°, and a magnetic core window (5) is formed with the central magnetic column (1), so that there are a total of four magnetic core windows (5) in the magnetic unit; the number of magnetic element units of the four-window magnetic element unit is expanded along the X-axis and Y-axis directions in a two-dimensional plane coordinate system with the center of the central magnetic column (1) as the origin, so as to form a magnetic core matrix with multiple rows and columns; Each of the rectifier circuits includes a MOSFET S A MOSFETS B , secondary winding A, secondary winding B, output filter capacitor Co1, output filter capacitor Co2, load R L , positive output terminal and negative output terminal; Secondary winding A, MOSFET S A and load R L The capacitor Co2 is connected to the load R through the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal. L Union; Secondary winding B, MOSFET S B and load R L The second series circuit is formed. Capacitor Co1 is connected to the load R through the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal. L in parallel, In each of the magnetic element units, the secondary winding A or the secondary winding B passes through a magnetic core window (5), so that a four-phase synchronous rectification circuit with the same layout can be integrated in a magnetic element unit with four windows. A and MOSFET S B , positive output terminal, negative output terminal and capacitor C o1 , capacitor C o2 Placed between two adjacent sector-shaped side columns (2), the secondary winding A or the secondary winding B only needs to be wound 1 / 4 of a turn.

2. The transformer with a rectifier circuit integrated in a magnetic element and capable of two-dimensional vector expansion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four four-window magnetic element units are arranged in a manner that the X-axis and the Y-axis are extended simultaneously. In the transformer formed, the primary winding passes through all the magnetic core windows (5) of the four magnetic element units in sequence from the upper left, the upper right, the lower right, and the lower left to form a complete coil turn, and the central magnetic column (1) of each magnetic unit is allocated 1 / 4 of the magnetic flux generated by the primary winding.

3. The transformer with a rectifier circuit integrated in a magnetic element and capable of two-dimensional vector expansion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four four-window magnetic element units are arranged in a manner that only extends along the X-axis or the Y-axis. In the transformer formed, the primary winding passes through all the magnetic core windows (5) of the four magnetic element units in sequence along the X-axis or the Y-axis to form a complete coil turn, so that the central magnetic column (1) of each magnetic unit is allocated 1 / 4 of the magnetic flux generated by the primary winding.

4. The transformer with a rectifier circuit integrated in a magnetic element and capable of two-dimensional vector expansion according to claim 1, characterized in that: In each of the magnetic element units, the secondary winding A or the secondary winding B passes through two adjacent magnetic core windows (5), so that a four-phase synchronous rectification circuit with the same layout can be integrated in a magnetic element unit with four windows; the MOSFETS A and MOSFET S B , positive output terminal, negative output terminal and capacitor C o1 , capacitor C o2 Placed between two adjacent sector-shaped side columns (2), the secondary winding A or the secondary winding B only needs to be wound 1 / 2 turn.

5. The transformer with a rectifier circuit integrated in a magnetic element and capable of two-dimensional vector expansion according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: For a matrix transformer using m magnetic element units, each of which has n magnetic core windows (5), when it has a primary winding with a turns connected in series and a multi-layer parallel secondary winding passing through b magnetic core windows (5), the transformer transformation ratio N can be given by formula (1): Where: v s is the transformer secondary alternating voltage; v p is the primary alternating voltage of the transformer; The central magnetic column of each magnetic unit receives 1 / m of the magnetic flux generated by the primary winding.

6. The transformer with a rectifier circuit integrated in a magnetic element and capable of two-dimensional vector expansion according to claim 5, characterized in that: The key characteristic dimensions of each window magnetic element unit are: the radius r of the central magnetic column (1), the window width x, the side column spacing y, the thickness h of the magnetic core base (4) b , magnetic column height h p The radius of the fan-shaped side column (2) is equal to the radius r of the central magnetic column (1), and the thickness of the top magnetic plate is equal to the thickness h of the magnetic core base (4). b The side length of the four-window magnetic element unit is represented by L, and the value of the magnetic column radius r is related to the peak magnetic flux B conducted by the central magnetic column (1). p The minimum value of the side column spacing y is determined by the selected rectifier MOSFET package size, positive / negative output terminal size, output filter capacitor package size and component arrangement spacing. The relationship between the window width x and the magnetic column radius r and the side column spacing y is given by (2). According to the above definition of key characteristic size, the effective volume V of the four-window magnetic element unit is given as e and effective magnetic cross-sectional area A e The expressions are given by equations (3) and (4) respectively. According to the formula, the effective volume V e and effective magnetic cross-sectional area A e The radius r of the magnetic column and the thickness h of the magnetic core base (4) are b and the magnetic column height h p Decide; 7. The transformer with a rectifier circuit integrated in a magnetic element and capable of two-dimensional vector expansion according to claim 5, characterized in that: The secondary winding is in a layer of PCB, a turn of wire passes through each magnetic core window (5), and is connected in parallel in multiple layers. The primary winding is wound in multiple turns in a layer of PCB, and the primary coils in this layer are usually connected in series. The primary coils in different layers are selected to be connected in series or in parallel according to the design of the LLC converter excitation inductance or the transformer transformation ratio.

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