An optoelectronic signal transmission method for an optoelectronic hybrid cable

Abstract

The present invention discloses an optoelectronic signal transmission method for an optical and electrical hybrid cable, which relates to the field of optoelectronic signal transmission and includes: continuously monitoring the modal distribution of the optical signal in the optical fiber, identifying and recording the jump phenomenon of the optical signal from single mode to multi-mode through a modal analysis algorithm; real-time monitoring the change characteristics of the electric field strength during the transmission of the electrical signal, and analyzing the possibility of the electric field inducing the mode jump of the optical signal based on the optical signal state at the time of the modal jump and the electric field data at that moment; based on the prediction result of the jump data model, automatically calling the built-in optical signal compensation algorithm to respond in the early stage when the signal undergoes a mode jump, and maintaining the single-mode or specific multi-mode transmission state of the optical signal; when the compensation adjustment fails, automatically performing transmission mode switching to adjust the propagation mode of the optical signal, and on the basis of the prediction model, adopting an optical signal modulation compensation algorithm to adjust the transmission state of the optical signal at the initial stage of the jump, and reducing the influence of mode switching.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of photoelectric signal transmission, and in particular to a photoelectric signal transmission method for a photoelectric hybrid cable. Background Art

[0002] In the actual application of optical-electrical hybrid cables, optical signals and electrical signals are transmitted in parallel through adjacent physical channels. Although they usually do not directly interfere with each other, in certain high-voltage and high-frequency scenarios, the strong electric field generated by the electrical signal in the conductor may induce a mode hopping effect in the optical fiber. This effect is mainly manifested in the conversion of the propagation mode of the optical signal from single-mode to multi-mode, or in the generation of unstable mode switching in multi-mode optical fiber, resulting in a decrease in the transmission quality of the optical signal.

[0003] Aiming at the mode hopping effect induced by electric field, a method for transmitting optical signals of optical hybrid cable is proposed. This method is based on the electric field interference prediction model. The sensor monitors the change of electric field intensity generated by the electric signal in the cable, and combines the data of transmission mode to predict the possible mode hopping. Based on the prediction model, the optical signal modulation compensation algorithm is used to adjust the transmission state of the optical signal at the initial stage of the hopping to reduce the impact of mode switching. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, a method for transmitting optoelectronic signals in an optoelectronic hybrid cable is provided. This technical solution solves the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A method for transmitting photoelectric signals in a photoelectric hybrid cable, comprising:

[0007] Continuously monitor the modal distribution of optical signals in the optical fiber, and identify and record the transition of optical signals from single mode to multimode through modal analysis algorithms;

[0008] Monitor the changing characteristics of the electric field strength during the transmission of the electric signal in real time, and analyze the possibility of the electric field inducing the mode jump of the optical signal based on the state of the optical signal at the time of mode jump and the electric field data at that moment;

[0009] Based on the prediction results of the transition data model, the built-in optical signal compensation algorithm is automatically called to respond in the early stage of the signal mode transition to maintain the single-mode or specific multi-mode transmission state of the optical signal;

[0010] When the compensation adjustment fails, the transmission mode is automatically switched to adjust the propagation mode of the optical signal.

[0011] Preferably, continuously monitoring the modal distribution of the optical signal in the optical fiber and identifying and recording the jump phenomenon of the optical signal from single mode to multimode through the modal analysis algorithm specifically includes:

[0012] Receiving the optical signal transmitted through the optical fiber in real time by a highly sensitive photoelectric detector and a spectrum analysis device, and continuously sampling within a set monitoring time window;

[0013] Based on the Fresnel reflection principle, capturing the intensity and modal distribution of the transmitted optical signal through the reflection node set in the core of the optical fiber;

[0014] Based on the modal distribution of the optical signal transmitted in the optical fiber in the optical and electrical hybrid cable, combined with the modal analysis algorithm, performing real-time modal analysis on the optical signal, continuously tracking the propagation mode of the optical signal, and identifying the mode jump timing of the optical signal;

[0015] Adopting the Laplace transform analysis algorithm, filtering the high-frequency interference generated by the electric field on the optical signal by double-analyzing the time-domain and frequency-domain characteristics of the optical signal;

[0016] Automatically separating signals of different modes during the transmission of the optical signal, identifying and distinguishing the interference sources between each mode when a mode jump occurs, and automatically storing the signal state when the mode jump occurs.

[0017] Preferably, when real-time monitoring the change characteristics of the electric field strength during the transmission of the electric signal, analyzing the possibility of the electric field inducing the mode jump of the optical signal based on the optical signal state at the time of the mode jump and the electric field data at that moment specifically includes:

[0018] Real-time monitoring the electric field data within a set monitoring time window, continuously performing high-frequency data sampling on the change of the electric field, and recording the change data of the electric field strength and the electric signal frequency data in the form of a time-series digital signal;

[0019] Comparing the electric field strength collected for each time subscript of the time-series digital signal with the data of the previous time subscript to determine the instantaneous fluctuation amplitude of the time series of the time electric field;

[0020] Performing wavelet transform analysis on the change of the instantaneous fluctuation amplitude of the time series of the electric field and the electric signal frequency to determine the change characteristics of the electric field signal at all moments within the monitoring window;

[0021] Obtaining the recorded optical signal state when the mode jump occurs, and performing time-series matching and overlapping of the optical signal state and the change characteristics of the electric field signal;

[0022] Marking the moment of the optical signal mode jump, and establishing a jump data model based on the change characteristics of the electric field signal and the optical signal state at the marked moment;

[0023] Calculate the jump threshold by comparing the similarity between the real-time change characteristics of the electric field signal and the change characteristics at the marked moments in the jump model, and use it to predict future optical signal jumps. When the jump threshold reaches the set critical point, automatically activate the signal compensation mechanism.

[0024] Preferably, based on the prediction result of the jump data model, automatically call the built-in optical signal compensation algorithm to respond in the early stage of signal mode jump and maintain the single-mode or specific multi-mode transmission state of the optical signal. Specifically, it includes:

[0025] When it is detected that the jump threshold reaches the set critical point, activate the optical signal compensation mechanism to automatically perform dynamic compensation on the phase, power, and incident angle of the optical signal. Specifically:

[0026] Introduce the optical signal phase modulation algorithm, generate real-time static phase shift based on the optical signal jump characteristics, and dynamically adjust the phase shift of the optical signal through the phase modulation algorithm. The phase modulation calculation formula is:

[0027]

[0028] In the formula, ΔΦ dyn is the phase shift amount after dynamic adjustment, ΔΦ static is the real-time static phase shift, Δn is the refractive index difference, representing the relative refractive index of the optical signal in different modes, d is the optical path difference, representing the path length of signal propagation, and λ is the wavelength of the optical signal;

[0029] After the phase adjustment, analyze the inter-modal interference intensity of the optical signal. The interference intensity calculation formula for the two interference modes is:

[0030]

[0031] In the formula, I ab is the inter-modal interference intensity, I a , I b are the light intensities of the two interference modes respectively;

[0032] According to the jump frequency and the inter-modal interference intensity, dynamically adjust the transmission power of the optical signal through multi-level power control to increase the smoothness of mode jump. The multi-level power control formula is:

[0033]

[0034] In the formula, P adj , P init are the adjusted power and the initial optical power respectively, k i is the i-th level power adjustment coefficient, f jump is the jump frequency, and M is the set number of multi-level power levels;

[0035] After the power dynamic control ends, the incident angle adjustment amount is comprehensively calculated based on the jump frequency and the intermodal interference intensity, and the incident angle is dynamically adjusted to suppress mode conversion and intermodal interference. At the same time, the adjusted incident angle is controlled to satisfy Snell's law and be less than the critical angle calculation result.

[0036] Preferably, when the compensation adjustment fails, automatically performing transmission mode switching to adjust the propagation mode of the optical signal specifically includes:

[0037] Set the bit error rate of the optical signal transmission and the interference intensity threshold. When it is monitored that the bit error rate of the optical signal transmission and the interference intensity continuously exceed the set threshold within the set monitoring time window, it is determined that the signal compensation fails;

[0038] When the signal compensation fails, by evaluating the stability of different modes in the current optical fiber channel environment, based on the environmental noise, interference intensity, and signal attenuation characteristics of the channel, comprehensively calculate the transmission quality scores of different modes in the current environment. The calculation expression of the transmission quality score is:

[0039]

[0040] In the formula, Q m is the transmission quality score of the m-th mode, SNR m is the signal-to-noise ratio of the m-th mode, σ 2 is the standard deviation of the mode jump frequency of the time series, I m is the interference intensity of the m-th mode, I max is the maximum interference intensity, and α is the interference weight factor used to adjust the influence of interference on the score;

[0041] Based on the mode transmission quality score result, select the transmission mode with the highest transmission quality score as the target mode for mode switching.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0043] Continuously monitor the mode distribution of the optical signal in the optical fiber, identify and record the jump phenomenon of the optical signal from single mode to multimode through the mode analysis algorithm; real-time monitor the change characteristics of the electric field intensity during the transmission of the electric signal, and analyze the possibility of the electric field inducing the mode jump of the optical signal based on the optical signal state at the time of mode jump and the electric field data at that moment; based on the prediction result of the jump data model, automatically call the built-in optical signal compensation algorithm to respond in the early stage of the signal mode jump, and maintain the single-mode or specific multimode transmission state of the optical signal; when the compensation adjustment fails, automatically perform transmission mode switching to adjust the propagation mode of the optical signal.

[0044] A method for transmitting optical and electrical signals applicable to high-voltage optical cables, high-frequency communications, and high-power transmission networks in industrial environments is proposed around the mode hopping effect in the hybrid optical and electrical cable. Since the optical fiber and the cable are transmitted in parallel and the environmental electric field is relatively complex, in these scenarios, the mode hopping effect may significantly affect the signal transmission quality. The mode hopping prediction and dynamic compensation technology proposed in this solution can effectively solve this problem. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 A flowchart of a method for transmitting optical and electrical signals for a hybrid optical and electrical cable according to the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 A flowchart of continuously monitoring the modal distribution of the optical signal in the optical fiber, identifying and recording the hopping phenomenon of the optical signal from single mode to multi-mode through the modal analysis algorithm according to the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 A flowchart of real-time monitoring of the change characteristics of the electric field intensity during the transmission of the electrical signal, and analyzing the possibility of the electric field inducing the mode hopping of the optical signal based on the optical signal state at the time of mode hopping and the electric field data at that moment according to the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 A flowchart of automatically invoking the built-in optical signal compensation algorithm to respond at the early stage of mode hopping of the signal based on the prediction result of the hopping data model according to the present invention, and maintaining the single-mode or specific multi-mode transmission state of the optical signal;

[0049] Figure 5 A flowchart of automatically performing transmission mode switching to adjust the propagation mode of the optical signal when the compensation adjustment fails according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0050] The following description is used to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments in the following description are only examples, and those skilled in the art can think of other obvious variations.

[0051] Referring to Figure 1 As shown, a method for transmitting optical and electrical signals for a hybrid optical and electrical cable includes:

[0052] Continuously monitoring the modal distribution of the optical signal in the optical fiber, identifying and recording the hopping phenomenon of the optical signal from single mode to multi-mode through the modal analysis algorithm;

[0053] Real-time monitoring of the change characteristics of the electric field intensity during the transmission of the electrical signal, and analyzing the possibility of the electric field inducing the mode hopping of the optical signal based on the optical signal state at the time of mode hopping and the electric field data at that moment;

[0054] Based on the prediction results of the jump data model, automatically call the built-in optical signal compensation algorithm to respond in the early stage of the signal mode jump and maintain the single-mode or specific multi-mode transmission state of the optical signal;

[0055] When the compensation adjustment fails, automatically perform transmission mode switching to adjust the propagation mode of the optical signal.

[0056] Refer to Figure 2 As shown, continuously monitor the modal distribution of the optical signal in the optical fiber. The specific phenomena of identifying and recording the jump of the optical signal from single-mode to multi-mode through the modal analysis algorithm include:

[0057] Through a high-sensitivity photodetector and spectrum analysis equipment, continuously sample the optical signal transmitted through the optical fiber in real time within the set monitoring time window;

[0058] Based on the Fresnel reflection principle, through the reflection nodes set in the core of the optical fiber, capture the intensity and modal distribution of the transmitted optical signal, and have sufficient sensitivity before the mode jump of the optical signal occurs to prepare for real-time detection. The change of the optical signal may be affected by various factors, including temperature change, electric field strength, etc. Therefore, in the initialization stage, it is also necessary to calibrate and compensate these environmental factors to ensure that the subsequent collected data has sufficient credibility.

[0059] Based on the modal distribution of the optical signal transmitted in the optical fiber in the optical and electrical hybrid cable, combined with the modal analysis algorithm, perform real-time modal analysis on the optical signal, continuously track the propagation mode of the optical signal, and identify the mode jump timing of the optical signal.

[0060] The optical signal in the optical fiber can be transmitted in single-mode or multi-mode, and the mode jump phenomenon usually refers to the process of the optical signal changing from single-mode transmission to multi-mode transmission, which will have a significant impact on the signal quality and transmission rate. The modal distribution monitoring relies on the modal analysis algorithm, which can continuously track the propagation mode of the optical signal and detect the specific timing of the mode jump. Assuming that the wavelength of the optical signal propagation is γ, the basic parameters in the modal distribution can be represented by the mode distribution function ψ(x, y, z, t), and this function satisfies the wave equation:

[0061]

[0062] where, represents the Laplace operator in space, n is the refractive index, c is the speed of light, t is the time. By calculating the change of the modal distribution function in real time, the accurate jump timing can be obtained when the conversion between single-mode and multi-mode occurs.

[0063] Using the Laplace transform analysis algorithm, by performing a dual analysis on the time-domain and frequency-domain characteristics of the optical signal, it can effectively filter out the high-frequency interference generated by the electric field on the optical signal and record the critical moments of mode jumps in real time for subsequent accurate compensation and adjustment of the signal.

[0064] During the transmission of the optical signal, different modal signals are automatically separated. When a modal jump occurs, the interference sources between each mode are identified and distinguished, and the signal state at the time of the modal jump is automatically stored.

[0065] Automatically store the signal state at the time of the jump, including but not limited to: the signal intensity, frequency fluctuation, and the electric field intensity change curve during modal switching. By storing and subsequent analyzing these data, it is possible to predict future signal interference based on the historical jump data model and automatically activate the signal compensation mechanism before the jump threshold reaches the critical point. Through the compensation mechanism, the transmission state of the optical signal is adjusted in a timely manner to prevent the jump effect from deteriorating further and affecting the transmission quality. This linkage mechanism ensures an effective balance between real-time monitoring and response control during the modal switching of the optical signal.

[0066] Refer to Figure 3 As shown, the change characteristics of the electric field intensity during the transmission of the electrical signal are monitored in real time. Based on the optical signal state at the time of the modal jump and the electric field data at that moment, the analysis of the possibility of the electric field inducing the optical signal mode jump specifically includes:

[0067] Monitor the electric field data in real time within the set monitoring time window, continuously perform high-frequency data sampling on the electric field change situation, and record the change data of the electric field intensity and the electric signal frequency in the form of a time-series digital signal. The high-frequency data sampling frequency should satisfy the Nyquist sampling theorem, that is, the sampling frequency is at least twice the highest frequency of the signal, so as to accurately capture the signal changes without losing information. Generally, a frequency range from 100 kHz to 1 MHz is selected.

[0068] Compare the electric field intensity collected for each time subscript of the time-series digital signal with the data of the previous time subscript to determine the instantaneous fluctuation amplitude of the time series of the time electric field.

[0069] Perform wavelet transform analysis on the change of the instantaneous fluctuation amplitude of the time series of the electric field and the electric signal frequency to determine the change characteristics of the electric field signal at all moments within the monitoring window. Wavelet transform is a tool for analyzing non-stationary signals and can provide the time-frequency distribution of the signal at different scales. Different from the Fourier transform, wavelet transform is suitable for processing sudden or short-time signal fluctuations, so it is very effective for detecting short-time and intense changes in the electric field intensity. This method is particularly suitable for detecting high-frequency and short-time electric field changes that may induce mode jumps. The continuous wavelet transform formula is:

[0070]

[0071] Among them, W(s, g) represents the time-frequency distribution of the electric field signal, s and g are the scale and translation parameters, χ is the mother wavelet function. By adjusting the scale parameter, the electric field characteristics at different time scales can be analyzed.

[0072] Obtain the optical signal state record when the storage mode jump occurs, and perform time series matching and overlapping of the optical signal state and the change characteristics of the electric field signal;

[0073] Mark the moment of the optical signal mode jump, and establish a jump data model based on the change characteristics of the electric field signal and the optical signal state at the marked moment;

[0074] Perform a similarity comparison between the real-time change characteristics of the electric field signal and the change characteristics at the marked moment in the jump model to calculate the jump threshold. This scheme uses the cosine similarity of the change characteristics as the jump threshold to predict future optical signal jumps, and automatically activates the signal compensation mechanism when the jump threshold reaches the set critical point.

[0075] Refer to Figure 4 As shown, based on the prediction result of the jump data model, automatically call the built-in optical signal compensation algorithm to respond in the early stage of the signal mode jump, and maintain the single-mode or specific multi-mode transmission state of the optical signal. Specifically include:

[0076] When it is detected that the jump threshold reaches the set critical point, activate the optical signal compensation mechanism to automatically perform dynamic compensation on the phase, power, and incident angle of the optical signal. Specifically:

[0077] Phase offset means adjusting the phase of the optical signal so that the signal can operate in a stable mode as much as possible during propagation. The switching of the optical signal between different modes will cause a change in phase. Therefore, by adjusting the phase, the impact of mode jumps on the optical signal propagation path can be effectively reduced.

[0078] Introduce the optical signal phase modulation algorithm, generate real-time static phase offset based on the optical signal jump characteristics, and dynamically adjust the phase offset of the optical signal through the phase modulation algorithm. The phase modulation calculation formula is:

[0079]

[0080] In the formula, ΔΦ dyn is the dynamically adjusted phase offset amount, ΔΦ static is the real-time static phase offset, Δn is the refractive index difference, representing the relative refractive index of the optical signal in different modes, d is the optical path difference, representing the path length of the signal propagation, and λ is the wavelength of the optical signal;

[0081] After the phase adjustment is completed, analyze the inter-modal interference intensity of the optical signal. The calculation formulas for the interference intensities of the two interference modes are as follows:

[0082]

[0083] In the formula, I ab is the inter-modal interference intensity, and I a , I b are the optical intensities of the two interference modes respectively;

[0084] Suppress the multi-mode conversion effect caused by mode hopping by controlling the power of the optical signal. The dynamic adjustment of the power can make the optical signal maintain relative stability and transmission efficiency during the switching between different modes.

[0085] According to the hopping frequency and the inter-modal interference intensity, dynamically adjust the transmission power of the optical signal through multi-level power control to increase the smoothness of mode hopping. The multi-level power control formula is:

[0086]

[0087] In the formula, P adj , P init are the adjusted power and the initial optical power respectively, k i is the power adjustment coefficient of the i-th level, which is set based on the comprehensive weighted calculation result of the inter-modal interference intensity and the hopping frequency. f jump is the hopping frequency, M is the set number of multi-level power levels. Adjust the power of the optical signal according to the change of the hopping frequency, so that the power of the signal can be appropriately reduced under the condition of multi-mode interference to reduce the influence of mode hopping. The dynamic adjustment of this step ensures the transmission quality of the optical signal during mode hopping.

[0088] In a multi-mode optical fiber, the incident angle directly affects the number of modes excited by the optical signal in the optical fiber. When the incident angle is too large, the propagation path of the optical signal is closer to the core wall, which is easy to excite high-order modes, thus increasing the probability of multi-mode conversion. By reducing the incident angle, the propagation path of the optical signal will be more concentrated in the central region of the optical fiber, thereby reducing the number of modes and the inter-modal interference.

[0089] After the dynamic power control is completed, calculate the incident angle adjustment amount based on the comprehensive calculation of the hopping frequency and the inter-modal interference intensity. The calculation method of the incident angle adjustment amount is:

[0090]

[0091] In the formula, β and δ are adjustment coefficients used to control the influence degree of the frequency and the interference intensity on the incident angle. f jump , f set are the currently detected mode hopping frequency and the set hopping frequency reference value, I, I setis the maximum threshold of the currently detected modal interference intensity and the set modal interference intensity.

[0092] Dynamically adjust the incident angle to suppress modal conversion and inter-modal interference, and at the same time control the adjusted incident angle to satisfy Snell's law and be less than the calculated result of the critical angle. The calculation method of the critical angle is:

[0093]

[0094] When the incident angle exceeds the critical angle θ cir the refraction angle no longer exists, and the light is completely reflected back to the first medium.

[0095] By adjusting the incident angle, it is possible to ensure that the optical signal reaches the best propagation path when entering the optical fiber, avoiding unnecessary mode jumps. This optimization process can effectively reduce the incidence rate of multimode conversion effects and improve the transmission stability of the signal.

[0096] Refer to Figure 5 As shown, when the compensation adjustment fails, the automatic transmission mode switching to adjust the propagation mode of the optical signal specifically includes:

[0097] Set the bit error rate of the optical signal transmission and the interference intensity threshold. When it is monitored that the bit error rate of the optical signal transmission and the interference intensity continuously exceed the set threshold within the set monitoring time window, it is determined that the signal compensation fails;

[0098] When the signal compensation fails, the adaptive modal analysis selects a transmission mode that can minimize modal interference and mode jumps by evaluating the stability and anti-interference ability of different modes in the current optical fiber channel environment. By evaluating the stability of different modes in the current optical fiber channel environment, based on the environmental noise, interference intensity and signal attenuation characteristics of the channel, comprehensively calculate the transmission quality scores of different modes in the current environment. The calculation expression of the transmission quality score is:

[0099]

[0100] In the formula, Q m is the transmission quality score of the m-th mode, SNR m is the signal-to-noise ratio of the m-th mode, σ 2 is the standard deviation of the modal jump frequency of the time series, I m is the interference intensity of the m-th mode, I max is the maximum interference intensity, and α is the interference weight factor used to adjust the influence of interference on the score;

[0101] Based on the modal transmission quality score results, select the transmission mode with the highest transmission quality score as the target mode for modal switching.

[0102] After the mode switch, enter the signal quality monitoring stage to ensure that the transmission quality of the new mode meets the requirements. The monitoring parameters include the bit error rate, signal interference intensity, and power attenuation. By monitoring these parameters in real time, the transmission effect after the mode switch can be evaluated, and further adjustments can be triggered if necessary to ensure the transmission quality and stability of the signal.

[0103] Furthermore, this solution also proposes a storage medium for an optical and electrical signal transmission method for an optical and electrical hybrid cable, on which a computer-readable program is stored. When the computer-readable program is called, it executes the above-mentioned optical and electrical signal transmission method for an optical and electrical hybrid cable.

[0104] It can be understood that the storage medium can be a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, hard disk, or magnetic tape; an optical medium, such as a DVD; or a semiconductor medium, such as a solid-state drive (SSD).

[0105] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and the description in the specification only illustrate the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and improvements will occur to the present invention, and these changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for optoelectronic signal transmission in an optoelectronic hybrid cable, characterized in that, Including: Continuously monitor the modal distribution of the optical signal in the optical fiber, and identify and record the jump phenomenon of the optical signal from single-mode to multi-mode through the modal analysis algorithm; Real-time monitor the change characteristics of the electric field strength during the transmission of the electrical signal, and analyze the possibility of the electric field inducing the mode jump of the optical signal based on the optical signal state at the time of the modal jump and the electric field data at that moment; Based on the prediction result of the jump data model, automatically call the built-in optical signal compensation algorithm to respond in the early stage when the signal undergoes a mode jump, and maintain the single-mode or specific multi-mode transmission state of the optical signal; When the compensation adjustment fails, automatically perform transmission mode switching to adjust the propagation mode of the optical signal; The real-time monitoring of the change characteristics of the electric field strength during the transmission of the electrical signal, and the analysis of the possibility of the electric field inducing the mode jump of the optical signal based on the optical signal state at the time of the modal jump and the electric field data at that moment specifically includes: Real-time monitor the electric field data within the set monitoring time window, continuously perform high-frequency data sampling on the electric field change situation, and record the change data of the electric field strength and the electric signal frequency data in the form of a time-series digital signal; Compare the electric field strength collected at each time subscript of the time-series digital signal with the data of the previous time subscript to determine the instantaneous fluctuation amplitude of the time-series of the electric field at that time; Perform wavelet transform analysis on the change of the instantaneous fluctuation amplitude of the time-series of the electric field and the electric signal frequency to determine the change characteristics of the electric field signal at all times within the monitoring window; Obtain the recorded optical signal state when the modal jump occurs, and perform time-series matching and overlapping of the optical signal state and the change characteristics of the electric field signal; Mark the moment of the optical signal modal jump, and establish a jump data model based on the change characteristics of the electric field signal and the optical signal state at the marked moment; Calculate the jump threshold by comparing the similarity between the real-time change characteristics of the electric field signal and the change characteristics at the marked moment in the jump model, and use it to predict the future optical signal jump. When the jump threshold reaches the set critical point, automatically start the signal compensation mechanism.

2. The optoelectronic signal transmission method for an optoelectronic hybrid cable according to claim 1, wherein, The continuous monitoring of the modal distribution of the optical signal in the optical fiber, and the identification and recording of the jump phenomenon of the optical signal from single-mode to multi-mode through the modal analysis algorithm specifically includes: Receive the optical signal transmitted through the optical fiber in real time through a high-sensitivity photodetector and spectrum analysis equipment, and perform continuous sampling within the set monitoring time window; Based on the Fresnel reflection principle, capture the intensity and modal distribution of the transmitted optical signal through the reflection node set in the core of the optical fiber; Based on the modal distribution of the optical signal transmitted in the optical fiber in the optical and electrical hybrid cable, combined with the modal analysis algorithm, perform real-time modal analysis on the optical signal, continuously track the propagation mode of the optical signal, and identify the mode jump timing of the optical signal; Adopt the Laplace transform analysis algorithm to filter the high-frequency interference generated by the electric field on the optical signal through double analysis of the time-domain and frequency-domain characteristics of the optical signal; Automatically separate the signals of different modes during the transmission of the optical signal, identify and distinguish the interference sources between the modes when the modal jump occurs, and automatically store the signal state when the modal jump occurs.

3. A method for transmitting optical and electrical signals for an optical and electrical hybrid cable according to claim 2, characterized in that, Based on the prediction results of the jump data model, the built-in optical signal compensation algorithm is automatically called to respond in the early stage of the signal mode jump, and maintaining the single-mode or specific multi-mode transmission state of the optical signal specifically includes: When it is detected that the jump threshold reaches the set critical point, the optical signal compensation mechanism is started to dynamically compensate the phase, power, and incident angle of the optical signal. Specifically: Introduce the optical signal phase modulation algorithm, generate real-time static phase offset based on the jump characteristics of the optical signal, and dynamically adjust the phase offset of the optical signal through the phase modulation algorithm. The phase modulation calculation formula is: where ΔΦ dyn is the phase offset after dynamic adjustment, ΔΦ static is the real-time static phase offset, Δn is the refractive index difference, representing the relative refractive index of the optical signal in different modes, d is the optical path difference, representing the path length of signal propagation, and λ is the wavelength of the optical signal; After the phase adjustment is completed, analyze the inter-modal interference intensity of the optical signal. The interference intensity calculation formula for the two interference modes is: Where, I ab is the inter-modal interference intensity, and I a , I b are the optical intensities of two interference modes, respectively; According to the jump frequency and the inter-modal interference intensity, dynamically adjust the transmission power of the optical signal through multi-level power control to increase the smoothness of the mode jump. The multi-level power control formula is: Where, P adj , P init are the adjusted power and the initial optical power respectively, k i is the power adjustment coefficient of the i-th stage, f jump is the jump frequency, and M is the set number of multi-stage power levels; After the dynamic power control is completed, comprehensively calculate the incident angle adjustment amount according to the jump frequency and the inter-modal interference intensity, dynamically adjust the incident angle to suppress mode conversion and inter-modal interference, and at the same time control the adjusted incident angle to satisfy Snell's law and be less than the critical angle calculation result.

4. A method for optoelectronic signal transmission in an optoelectronic hybrid cable according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the compensation adjustment fails, automatically perform transmission mode switching to adjust the propagation mode of the optical signal, specifically including: Set the bit error rate and interference intensity threshold of the optical signal transmission. When it is monitored that the bit error rate and interference intensity of the optical signal transmission continuously exceed the set threshold within the set monitoring time window, it is determined that the signal compensation fails; When the signal compensation fails, by evaluating the stability of different modes in the current optical fiber channel environment, based on the environmental noise, interference intensity, and signal attenuation characteristics of the channel, comprehensively calculate the transmission quality scores of different modes in the current environment. The transmission quality score calculation expression is: where Q m is the transmission quality score of the m-th mode, SNR m is the signal-to-noise ratio of the m-th mode, σ 2 is the standard deviation of the mode jump frequency of the time series, I m is the interference intensity of the m-th mode, I max is the maximum interference intensity, and α is the interference weight factor used to adjust the influence of interference on the score; Based on the modal transmission quality score results, select the transmission mode with the highest transmission quality score as the target mode for mode switching.

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