Communication method, device, system, medium and program product

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide a communication method, apparatus, system, medium, and program product. The satellite network device configures the transmission parameters for sending a target element in a synchronization signal block (SSB); based on the transmission parameters, the SSB and / or target element are sent to a user device. The transmission parameters are used to ensure that the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the target element received by the user device is greater than or equal to a target SNR. The target SNR is the minimum SNR for the user device to demodulate or detect the target element in the SSB. Thus, the satellite network device configures the transmission parameters of the target element for the SSB so that when the SNR of the SSB received by the user device is less than the target SNR, the SNR of the SSB received by the user device is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method, device, system, medium and program product. Background Art

[0002] Currently, satellite network equipment in non-terrestrial networks periodically transmits synchronization signals and physical broadcast channel blocks (SSBs), so that user equipment (UE) located within the coverage area of the network equipment can receive the SSBs, synchronize with the network equipment in the time domain, and access the network equipment.

[0003] However, due to downlink control channel fading or signal interference, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the SSB received by the UE may be lower than the SNR required to decode the SSB. A downlink control channel refers to a channel that transmits information from a network device to a UE, such as the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH). The SNR required to decode an SSB refers to the minimum SNR required to decode the SSB.

[0004] If the SNR of the SSB received by the UE is lower than the SNR required for decoding the SSB, the user equipment will not be able to reliably decode the SSB, which will further cause the network equipment and the UE to be unable to synchronize in the time domain and the UE to be unable to access the network equipment, thereby affecting the communication quality between the network equipment and the UE. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a communication method, apparatus, system, medium, and program product, which can improve the SNR of the SSB received by the UE, enable the UE to reliably decode the SSB, increase the probability of synchronization between the network device and the UE in the time domain, and increase the probability of successful access of the UE to the network device, thereby improving the communication quality between the network device and the UE.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a communication method for a network device, specifically a satellite network device in a non-terrestrial network. The method includes: configuring transmission parameters for transmitting a target element in a synchronization signal block (SSB); and transmitting the SSB and / or the target element to a user device based on the transmission parameters. The transmission parameters are used to ensure that the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the target element received by the user device is greater than or equal to a target SNR. The user device may be a UE. The target SNR is the minimum SNR required for the user device to demodulate or detect the target element in the SSB.

[0007] Therefore, the network device configures the transmission parameters of the target element for the SSB, so that when the SNR of the SSB received by the UE is less than the target SNR, the SNR of the SSB received by the UE is increased, so that the signal-to-noise ratio of the target element received by the UE is greater than or equal to the transmission parameters of the target signal-to-noise ratio, thereby improving the success probability of the UE decoding the SSB, and further improving the probability of synchronization between the network device and the UE in the time domain and the success probability of the UE accessing the network device, thereby improving the communication quality between the network device and the UE.

[0008] The target element includes one or more of the following: a primary synchronization signal PSS and a physical broadcast channel PBCH.

[0009] The transmission parameters include one or more of the following: transmission power, number of repeated transmissions, and beam direction of each antenna port in the satellite network device.

[0010] It can be understood that if the SNR of the target element received by the UE is lower than the target SNR, the SNR of the target element received by the UE can be improved by increasing the transmission power of the target element, or by merging the target elements by retransmitting the target elements multiple times to improve the SNR of the target element received by the UE. The beam direction of the antenna port can also be adjusted so that the beam direction is toward the UE, thereby improving the signal strength received by the UE and improving the SNR of the target element received by the UE.

[0011] In a specific implementation, the satellite network device adjusts the configurable range of the SSB transmission power to a target range; based on the target range, the transmission power of the target element is configured.

[0012] Furthermore, the maximum value of the target range is greater than the maximum value of the configurable power range of the SSB before adjustment. Thus, by increasing the configurable range of the SSB transmit power, the maximum transmit power of the SSB is increased, thereby improving the SNR of the target element received by the UE.

[0013] In another specific implementation, if the target signal-to-noise ratio is greater than the reference signal-to-noise ratio, the satellite network device adjusts the configurable range of the SSB transmission power to the target range, and the reference signal-to-noise ratio indicates the SNR received by the user equipment when the SSB is sent with the maximum value of the configurable power range of the SSB before adjustment.

[0014] Furthermore, when the target signal-to-noise ratio is less than or equal to the reference signal-to-noise ratio, the configurable range of the SSB transmission power meets the requirements and no configuration is required. This ensures that the SNR of the target element received by the UE is greater than the target SNR, while avoiding excessively increasing the maximum transmission power of the SSB and wasting resources.

[0015] In a specific use, the satellite network device adjusts the power configuration range of ss-PBCH-BlockPower to a target range.

[0016] In another specific implementation, the satellite network equipment obtains a power offset parameter of the PBCH or demodulation reference signal (DRMS) relative to the PSS or secondary synchronization signal block (SSS) in the SSB. Based on the power offset parameter of the PBCH or DRMS relative to the PSS or SSS, the satellite network equipment determines the transmit power of the target element. This approach optimizes resource allocation, ensuring that the SNR of the target element received by the UE is greater than the target SNR while minimizing resource waste.

[0017] Optionally, based on the target signal-to-noise ratio, a target power bias parameter of PBCH or DRMS relative to PSS or SSS is determined; based on the target power bias parameter, a preset power bias parameter corresponding to the target power bias parameter is filtered out from a preconfigured power bias table; the power bias table includes multiple preset power bias parameters.

[0018] In another specific implementation, the satellite network equipment can configure the number of repeated transmissions of PBCH in a preset time slot; based on the number of repeated transmissions, the PBCH is repeatedly transmitted to the user equipment using gap symbols, and the time slot includes multiple symbols, and the gap symbols are symbols not occupied by SSB in the preset time slot.

[0019] For example, in one specific implementation, a timeslot includes multiple OFDM symbols, and the satellite network device repeatedly transmits the PBCH using the interstitial OFDM symbols in the timeslot where the PSS is located within the SSB. Thus, the user equipment can improve the SNR of the PBCH by combining the multiple PBCH transmissions.

[0020] In another specific implementation, the SSB is transmitted on n antenna ports, where n is an integer greater than 1, and the transmission parameter is the beam direction of each antenna port, and the precoding coefficient of each antenna port is determined; based on the precoding coefficient and the transmission power of each antenna port, the phase and amplitude of the transmission signal of each antenna port are configured; and based on the phase and amplitude of the transmission signal of each antenna port, the SSB is sent to the user equipment.

[0021] Therefore, the satellite network equipment can adjust the beam direction in the n antenna ports so that the beam direction is toward the user equipment, thereby improving the SSB received by the user equipment by improving the signal integration.

[0022] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method applied to a user equipment of a low earth orbit satellite system, the method comprising:

[0023] Receive an SSB and / or a target element in an SSB; determine an SNR of the target element; and decode or detect the target element if the SNR of the target element is greater than or equal to a target signal-to-noise ratio (SNR); the target SNR is the SNR required by the user equipment to demodulate or detect the target element in the SSB.

[0024] Therefore, when the user equipment compares the SNR of the target element and finds that it is greater than the target signal-to-noise ratio, the user equipment decodes or detects the target element, which helps to improve the success probability of decoding or detecting the target element.

[0025] In a specific implementation, if the SNR of the target element is less than the target signal-to-noise ratio, a response message is fed back to the satellite network device, where the response message is used to indicate that the SNR of the target element is less than the target signal-to-noise ratio.

[0026] Optionally, the target element includes one or more of the following: PSS and PBCH.

[0027] In another specific implementation, if the target element is received p times within a preset time slot, and p is greater than or equal to 1, the received signals of each target element are combined, and the combined SNR is used as the SNR of the target element.

[0028] In another specific implementation, received signals of a target element transmitted by n antenna ports are obtained; the n antenna ports are n antenna ports of a satellite network device, n is greater than or equal to 1, and n is an integer; the received signals of the target element of the n antenna ports are combined to obtain an SNR of the target element.

[0029] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, which is applied to a satellite network device of a non-terrestrial network, and the communication device includes a communication device and a processing device;

[0030] The processing device is used to configure the transmission parameters of the target element in the synchronization signal block SSB;

[0031] The transmission parameters are used to ensure that the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the target element received by the user equipment is greater than or equal to the target SNR. The target SNR is the SNR required for the user equipment to demodulate or detect the target element in the SSB.

[0032] The communication device is used to send SSB and / or target element to the user equipment according to the transmission parameters.

[0033] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, applied to a user equipment, the communication device including a communication device and a processing device;

[0034] a communication device for receiving an SSB and / or a target element in the SSB;

[0035] A processing device is configured to determine the SNR of the target element; if the SNR of the target element is greater than or equal to a target signal-to-noise ratio, the target element is decoded or detected; the target signal-to-noise ratio is the signal-to-noise ratio required by the user equipment to demodulate or detect the target element in the SSB.

[0036] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication system, comprising a satellite network device and a user device; the satellite network device executes a communication method as described in any one of the first aspects, and the user device executes a communication method as described in any one of the second aspects.

[0037] On the sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer storage medium for storing a computer program, which, when executed, is used to implement the communication method as described in any one of the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0038] Seventh embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product containing instructions, which, when executed on at least one computing device, enables the at least one computing device to implement the communication method of any one of the first aspect or the second aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing that a network device periodically broadcasts SSB and system information block 1;

[0040] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of SSB;

[0041] Figure 3 An interaction diagram of a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing that the beam direction of each antenna port provided in an embodiment of the present application is toward UE2;

[0043] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a structure for retransmitting multiple SSBs within a preset time slot provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of another structure for retransmitting multiple SSBs within a preset time slot provided in an embodiment of the present application

[0045] Figure 7A A schematic diagram of a structure for retransmitting SSB within a preset time slot provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 7B A schematic diagram of another structure for retransmitting SSB within a preset time slot provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a structure for retransmitting SSB within a preset time slot provided in another embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of a method for implementing the precoding technology provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a network device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 11 This is an example diagram of the composition of a UE provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Figure 12 A schematic block diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. The terms used in the following embodiments are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to be limiting of the present application. As used in the specification and appended claims of the present application, the singular expressions "one", "a kind of", "said", "above", "the" and "this" are intended to also include expressions such as "one or more", unless there is a clear contrary indication in the context. It should also be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, "one or more" refers to one, two or more; "and / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist; for example, A and / or B can represent: the existence of A alone, the existence of A and B at the same time, and the existence of B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the related objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0053] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" in this specification mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with that embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the present application. Thus, phrases such as "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," and "in yet other embodiments" appearing in various places in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more but not all embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "including," "comprising," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0054] The "multiple" involved in the embodiments of the present application means greater than or equal to two. It should be noted that in the description of the embodiments of the present application, the words "first" and "second" are only used for the purpose of distinguishing the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or order.

[0055] like Figure 1 As shown, in the Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite system, network device 1 periodically broadcasts SSB and system information block 1 (SIB1), so that UE2 located within the signal coverage range of the network device can synchronize with the network device in the time domain and access the network based on the received SSB and SIB1.

[0056] like Figure 2 As shown in FIG, SSB includes the primary synchronization signal (PSS), the secondary synchronization signal (SSS), and the physical broadcast channel (PBCH). Figure 2 As shown in the figure, SSB occupies 4 orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols in the time domain and 240 subcarriers in the frequency domain. Among them, the UE can use the PSS and SSS to synchronize with the network device in the time domain, and can use the system information carried on the PBCH, such as the master information block (MIB), to decode the SIB1 broadcast by the network device to obtain the basic configuration information required to access the network device. After synchronizing with the network device, the UE uses the basic configuration information obtained by decoding to access the network device.

[0057] However, due to downlink control channel fading or signal interference, the SSB signaling noise ratio (SNR) received by UE2 may be lower than the SNR required for detecting the PSS or decoding the PBCH. For ease of explanation, the SNR required for detecting the PSS or decoding the PBCH is referred to as the target SNR. The target SNR here refers to the minimum SNR required to correctly detect the PSS or successfully demodulate the PBCH.

[0058] SNR is the ratio of signal power to noise power and is expressed in decibels (dB).

[0059] The downlink control channel refers to a channel for sending information from a network device to a UE. For example, the downlink control channel is a physical downlink control channel PDCCH.

[0060] Exemplary description: Table 1 is a schematic table showing the SNR received by the UE in different S-band scenarios of the LEO-600 satellite system, as well as the SNR required by the UE to detect the PSS and decode the PBCH.

[0061] Table 1

[0062]

[0063] In scenarios 1, 2, and 3, SSBs are transmitted with a subcarrier spacing (SCS) of 15 kHz. The transmit power of the SSBs configured in scenario 3 is lower than the transmit power of the SSB blocks configured in scenarios 1 and 2. The transmit power of the PBCH configured in scenario 3 is lower than the transmit power of the PBCH configured in scenarios 1 and 2. The transmit power of the PSS or SSS configured in scenario 3 is lower than the transmit power of the PSS or SSS configured in scenarios 1 and 2.

[0064] Table 1 shows that the SSB SNR received by the UE in scenario 3 is much lower than that in scenario 1 or scenario 2. The target SNR for PBCH demodulation is -7.3dB. In scenario 1 or scenario 2, the SSB SNR received by the UE exceeds the target SNR for PBCH demodulation by more than 5.4dB, meeting the demodulation requirements. However, in scenario 3, the SSB SNR received by the UE is 2.6dB short of the target SNR for PBCH demodulation, and the UE cannot successfully demodulate the PBCH in this scenario.

[0065] Similarly, the target SNR for PSS detection is -3.7dB. In scenarios 1 or 2, the SSB SNR received by the UE exceeds -3.7dB by 1.8dB, meeting the detection requirement. However, in scenario 3, the SSB SNR received by the UE is 6.2dB short of the target SNR for PSS detection, resulting in low PSS detection accuracy.

[0066] If the UE cannot successfully detect the PSS or demodulate the PBCH, the network device and the UE will not be synchronized in the time domain and the UE will not be able to access the network device, thereby affecting the communication quality between the network device and the UE.

[0067] In view of this, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method for improving the success rate of the UE in successfully detecting the PSS or demodulating the PBCH, improving the probability of synchronization between the network device and the UE in the time domain, and improving the success probability of the UE accessing the network device, thereby improving the communication quality between the network device and the UE.

[0068] To facilitate understanding and explanation, the application scenario of the communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application is first introduced.

[0069] The embodiments of the present application provide a communication system for implementing the communication method provided in the embodiments of the present application. The communication system may be a fifth generation (5G) communication system, a hybrid LTE and 5G architecture, a 5G New Radio (5G NR) system, a LEO satellite system, or a new communication system emerging in future communication developments.

[0070] An example of a communication system is Figure 1 As shown, it includes network equipment 1 and UE 2.

[0071] In the embodiments provided in the present application, the network device 1 may be any device located on the network side and having wireless transceiver functions, including but not limited to: a satellite or aircraft in a non-territorial network (NTN), or other possible satellite network devices.

[0072] UE1 can be in various forms. For example, UE can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a computer with wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a vehicle-mounted terminal device, a wireless terminal in self-driving, a wireless terminal in remote medical care, a wireless terminal in a smart grid, a wireless terminal in transportation safety, a wireless terminal in a smart city, a wireless terminal in a smart home, a wearable terminal device, etc. UE can also sometimes be called a terminal device, an access terminal device, a vehicle-mounted terminal, an industrial control terminal, a UE unit, a UE station, a mobile station, a mobile station, a remote station, a remote terminal device, a mobile device, a UE terminal device, a terminal device, a wireless communication device, a UE agent, or a UE device, etc. A terminal can also be a fixed terminal or a mobile terminal.

[0073] The above description uses an example of a communication system including network device 1 and UE 2. In other possible implementations, the communication system may include multiple UEs or multiple network devices. Alternatively, in other possible implementations, network device 1 in the communication system may be replaced with other types of network devices, without limitation. For ease of understanding, the following description still uses the interaction between UE 2 and network device 1 as an example.

[0074] Example 1

[0075] See also Figure 3 , Figure 3 A communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 3 The communication method shown can be applied to Figure 1 The communication system shown in FIG. 1 may be applied to other possible communication systems. Figure 1 The communication system shown in FIG is used as an example for explanation. Figure 1 As shown, the process of the communication method includes the following steps:

[0076] S301. Network device 1 configures transmission parameters.

[0077] The transmission parameters provided in this embodiment refer to the configuration and / or settings used by network device 1 to transmit the target element in the SSB. The transmission parameters directly affect the transmission quality and reception effect of the target element. The target element can be either the PSS or the PBCH.

[0078] In the embodiment of the present application, the transmission parameters include but are not limited to: transmission power, number of repeated transmissions, and beam direction of each antenna port.

[0079] The number of retransmissions refers to the number of times the target element is repeatedly transmitted within a specific duration. For example, network device 1 repeats PBCH four times within a 1ms time slot. In this embodiment of the present application, UE2 obtains the target element sent by network device 1 multiple times within a specific duration and combines the received signals of the target element to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the target element.

[0080] For example, UE2 receives 4 PBCHs from network device 1 within a 1ms time slot. The SNR of the first PBCH received by UE2 is -3dB, the SNR of the second PBCH is -2dB, the SNR of the third PBCH is -1dB, and the SNR of the fourth PBCH is 0. UE2 can use the maximum combining ratio method to improve the SNR. The specific steps are: first convert the SNR to a linear scale, calculate the transmission weight of each PBCH, and the SNR of the first PBCH is 10 -3 / 10 ≈0.5012, the second PBCH SNR = 10 -2 / 10 ≈0.6310, the SNR of the third PBCH = 1 0-1 / 10 ≈0.7943, and the SNR of the fourth PBCH is 1. The weights w1, w2, w3, and w4 of the first PBCH, second PBCH, third PBCH, and fourth PBCH are obtained as 0.7080, 0.7943, 0.8912, and 1, respectively.

[0081] The combined SNR (SNR combined) can be calculated by the following formula (1) to obtain a combined SNR of -1.357dB.

[0082]

[0083] Thus, by combining the four PBCH reception signals, the initial PBCH can be improved from -3dB to -1.357dB. In summary, the network device 1 can increase the number of times it sends the target element within a specific time period to improve the SNR of the target element received by UE2.

[0084] It should be noted that the above-mentioned method of merging the SNRs of the target elements is only a schematic representation. In actual use, those skilled in the art may further make adjustments, and the embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit this.

[0085] Network device 1 configures the transmission parameters of the target element in the SSB so that the SNR of the target element received by UE2 is greater than or equal to the target SNR, thereby improving the success probability of detecting the PSS or decoding the PBCH.

[0086] In one example, if the transmit parameter is the transmit power of a target element, network device 1 first determines the target SNR for the target element using system specifications or budget link simulation. Then, network device 1 determines the initial transmit power corresponding to the target SNR based on empirical values or link simulation results. Network device 1 configures the initial transmit power and determines the initial actual SNR received by UE 2.

[0087] Network device 1 determines the relationship between the initial actual SNR and the target SNR. If the initial actual SNR is lower than the target SNR, network device 1 can increase the transmit power of the target element in the SSB to improve the SNR received by the UE, so that the SNR received by the UE is greater than or equal to the target SNR. This improves the reliability and success probability of UE2 demodulating the PBCH or detecting the PSS.

[0088] For example, if network device 1 determines an initial transmit power of 20dBm, the initial actual SNR received by UE2 is 3dB, and the target SNR is 5dB. Since the initial actual SNR is lower than the target SNR, the transmit power of the target element needs to be increased. First, the required SNR gain is determined to be 2dB. From this, the transmit power increment for the target element is determined to be 2dBm, resulting in a transmit power of 22dBm.

[0089] It is understandable that if the initial actual SNR is greater than the target SNR, the network device 1 can reduce the transmission power of the target element in the SSB to avoid resource waste.

[0090] In specific applications, in the standard, such as the TS38.331 RRC layer protocol, network device 1 configures the transmit power of the SSB through the ss-PBCH-BlockPower parameter in the Radio Resource Control (RRC) message. Then, based on the power offset value of the target element relative to the SSB transmit power, the purpose of configuring the transmit power of the target element in the SSB is achieved. For example, if the transmit power of the SSB configured by network device 1 is 20dBm, the target element is PSS, and the power offset value of PSS relative to SSB is 0dBm, then network device 1 sends PSS at a transmit power of 20dBm during actual transmission.

[0091] Furthermore, network device 1 can set the power offset value of the target element. For example, in the standard, network device 1 can set the power offset value of the PSS relative to the SSB and the power offset value of the PBCH relative to the SSB through the PSS offset (pss-PowerOffset) and PBCH offset (pbch-PowerOffset) parameters. Then, network device 1 can configure and adjust the transmit power of the PSS or PBCH based on setting the transmit power of the SSB through the ss-PBCH-BlockPower parameter in the RRC message.

[0092] Example 2: The transmission parameter may be the number of repeated transmissions (ie, the number of retransmissions) of the target element.

[0093] To ensure that the SSB signaling signal (SNR) received by UE2 is greater than or equal to the target SNR and to minimize the number of retransmissions to conserve resources, network device 1 first determines the target SNR. Next, network device 1 determines and configures the initial number of retransmissions corresponding to the target SNR. The initial actual SNR received by the UE under the initial number of retransmissions is obtained.

[0094] Network device 1 determines the relationship between the initial actual SNR and the target SNR. Based on the relationship between the initial actual SNR and the target SNR, as well as the initial retransmission count, network device 1 determines the number of retransmissions required for the target element. If the initial actual SNR is less than the target SNR, the number of retransmissions is increased based on the initial number of retransmissions. Network device 1 then reconfigures the number of retransmissions for the target element to be the sum of the initial number of retransmissions and the increased number of retransmissions.

[0095] For example, if the initial number of retransmissions is 2, the initial actual SNR received by UE2 is 3dB, and the target SNR is 5dB. The SNR gain between the target SNR and the initial actual SNR is 2dB. If each retransmission can increase the SNR gain by 0.5dB, to achieve a 2dB SNR gain, the additional number of retransmissions is 4. In other words, network device 1 reconfigures the number of retransmissions to 6.

[0096] Specifically, after the network device 1 determines the number of retransmissions of the target element, in the protocol (for example, in the TS38.331 protocol), the network device 1 can set the number of retransmissions of the SSB to n1 through the SSB reset parameter (ssb-Repetition) in the RRC message. Figure 1 As shown, after the network device adjusts the retransmission times of the SSB, the retransmission times of the target elements on the SSB, such as PSS and SSS, are also configured synchronously.

[0097] Furthermore, after network device 1 configures the number of retransmissions, it dynamically adjusts the number of retransmissions based on feedback from UE2 to ensure that the SNR of the SSB received by the UE is greater than or equal to the target SNR, and minimizes the number of retransmissions to conserve resources. Specifically, if the SNR received by the UE is still less than the target SNR after adjusting the number of retransmissions, the number of SSB retransmissions can be reset using the ssb-Repetition parameter to increase the number of SSB retransmissions, thereby increasing the number of retransmissions of the target element.

[0098] Example 3: Network device 1 configures the beam direction of each antenna port and adjusts the SNR of the SSB received by the UE by changing the beam direction of each antenna port.

[0099] Multi-antenna technology is widely used in current communication networks. This technology uses multiple antennas to simultaneously transmit and receive the same SSB signal, improving network capacity and reliability. For example, if the SSB transmit power is p and the network equipment has n antenna ports, the transmit power per antenna port is p / n, where n is greater than 1 and n is an integer.

[0100] The network device 1 can adjust the beam direction of the n antenna ports so that each antenna port forms a beam in a specific direction, thereby increasing the intensity in that direction. Figure 4 The diagram illustrates configuring the beam direction of each antenna port so that the beam direction of each antenna port is directed toward UE 2. This improves the signal strength in the direction of UE 2 and improves the SNR of the target element received by UE 2.

[0101] For example, if the SSB transmission power p = 20dBm, Figure 4 Four antenna ports are shown, and the transmission power of each antenna port is 5dBm. Figure 1 Only beam 1 is directed toward UE2, and the initial actual SNR received by UE2 is 3dB. Figure 4 All four beams are directed toward UE2, and the beamforming gain is 4. The new SNR received by UE2 is 6 dB.

[0102] In a specific application, the network device 1 can configure the beam direction of each antenna port through specific parameters in a protocol (e.g., TS38.331 protocol). For example, the SSB index (ssb-BeamIndex) parameter is used to specify the SSB beam index, and the SSB beam direction (ssb-BeamDirection) parameter is used to specify the SSB beam direction as the target direction.

[0103] The embodiments of the present application may also configure the emission parameters of the target element in other ways, which are not specifically limited in this application.

[0104] S302. Network device 1 sends an SSB or a target element in the SSB to UE2 according to the transmission parameters.

[0105] S303. UE2 decodes or detects the target element according to the received SNR of the target element.

[0106] After receiving the SSB or target element sent by the network device 1, the UE2 measures the SNR of the target element.

[0107] In an example, UE2 receives the signal of the target element four times, combines the received signal of the target element each time, and uses the SNR of the combined target element as the SNR of the decoded or detected target element.

[0108] In another example, UE2 measures the SNR of the received signal of the target element corresponding to each antenna port, combines the received signals of the target elements of n antenna ports, and uses the SNR of the combined target element as the SNR of the decoded or detected target element.

[0109] The embodiment of the present application may also measure the SNR of the target element by other methods, which are not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0110] After obtaining the SNR of the target element, UE2 can directly decode or detect the target element.

[0111] In this embodiment of the present application, transmission parameters are configured to ensure that the received SNR at UE2 is greater than or equal to the target SNR. This ensures that the received SNR is high, and the received signal strength is higher than the noise level, resulting in a clearer signal and less noise interference, which helps reduce the bit error rate. As a result, UE2 can reliably detect and decode the target element.

[0112] However, considering that there may be other interference in actual use, the SNR received by UE2 may be less than the target SNR, that is, the received SNR is low SNR, the noise has a greater impact on the signal strength, the bit error rate is high, and UE2 may not be able to successfully detect or decode the target element.

[0113] Therefore, after receiving the SNR, UE2 first compares the received SNR of the target element with the target SNR. If the received SNR is ≥ the target SNR, the target element is decoded.

[0114] If UE2 determines that the SNR received by the target element is less than the target SNR, it feeds back a response message to network device 1. The response message indicates that the SNR received by UE2 is less than the target SNR. Network device 1 can reconfigure the transmission parameters based on step S301 to improve the SNR received by UE2.

[0115] UE2 decodes or detects the target element. The specific detection method can be:

[0116] If the target element is PSS or SSS, UE2 performs correlation operation using the known PSS or SSS sequence and the received SSB, calculates the correlation value, and finds the peak position. If the peak exceeds the preset peak threshold, the detection is determined to be successful, otherwise the detection is determined to be failed.

[0117] If the target element is PBCH, UE2 demodulates PBCH and extracts the data symbols of PBCH. Then UE2 uses the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) in PBCH to perform channel estimation and obtain the channel response matrix. Among them, the channel response distance is used to describe the channel characteristics from network device 1 to UE2. Then UE2 uses the channel response matrix to perform channel equalization on the demodulated data symbols and restore the originally transmitted symbols. If the recovered original transmitted symbols are decoded with a known encoding method, the original data is restored. A cyclic redundancy check is performed on the decoded data, or the MIB signal in the decoded PBCH is judged to be reasonable to determine whether the detection is successful.

[0118] S304 : UE2 sends a connection request to network device 1 according to the result of decoding or detecting the target element.

[0119] If UE2 determines that the target element is successfully decoded or detected, it sends a connection request to network device 1 to request to establish a connection with network device 1.

[0120] S305: Network device 1 establishes a connection with UE2.

[0121] It should be noted that the initial actual SNR provided in the embodiment of the present application refers to the SNR received by UE2 when the target element is transmitted before the network device 1 configures the transmission parameters. The target element transmitted before the transmission parameters are configured can be a target element transmitted with transmission parameters such as initial transmission power, initial number of retransmissions, or initial beam direction.

[0122] In summary, the communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application can improve the SNR of the target element received by the UE by configuring the transmission parameters of the target element in the SSB, such as increasing the transmission power of the target element, increasing the number of retransmissions of the target element, or adjusting the beam direction of multiple antenna ports transmitting the target element. Furthermore, the SNR of the target element received by the UE is higher than the target signal-to-noise ratio, which can improve the success rate of decoding or detecting the target element, enhance the downlink network coverage, and improve the communication quality.

[0123] Example 2

[0124] In the embodiment of the present application, the network device 1 first determines the transmission parameters of the target element, and then executes step S301.

[0125] Specifically, the network device 1 can adjust the configurable range of the SSB transmission power (i.e., the power configuration range of the SSB). For the convenience of description, the power configuration range of the SSB before adjustment is referred to as the initial configuration range, and the power configuration range after adjustment is referred to as the target range. In the embodiment of the present application, the network device 1 adjusts the power configuration range of the SSB from the initial configuration range to the target range.

[0126] The initial power range is (a1, a2), and the target range is (b1, b2). Where a1 < a2, and b1 < b2, a1 can be less than b1 or greater than or equal to b1, and a2 can be less than b2 or greater than or equal to b2. Those skilled in the art may adjust these values as needed. It should be noted that the units of the initial power range (a1, a2) and the target range (b1, b2) are dBm.

[0127] It is understood that when the maximum value of the target range is greater than the maximum value of the initial configuration range, network device 1 can configure a higher transmit power for SSB. For example, if the initial power range is (-60, 50) and the target range is (-60, 60), when the power configuration range of SSB is adjusted from (-60, 50) to (-60, 60), network device 1 can configure a transmit power of 50 dBm or greater for SSB, for example, 55 dBm for SSB. Increasing the transmit power of SSB will simultaneously increase the transmit power of the target element, thereby improving the SNR of the target element received by UE2.

[0128] Taking into account channel fading and signal interference on the downlink control channel, when transmitting the SSB on the downlink control channel, the transmit power is reduced and the noise power is increased, thereby reducing the SNR of the SSB received by the UE, such as in scenario 3 described in Table 1. Network device 1 increases the maximum value of the SSB power configuration range to configure a higher transmit power for the SSB, thereby improving the SNR of the target element received by UE 2.

[0129] It is understandable that when the maximum value of the target range is less than the maximum value of the initial configuration range, network device 1 can reduce the maximum transmit power of the SSB configuration. Reducing the maximum transmit power of the SSB helps reduce energy consumption, extend battery life, and help reduce unnecessary high-power transmissions, improving system stability and reliability. For example, if the initial power range is (-60, 50) and the target range is (-60, 40), and the power configuration range of the SSB is adjusted from (-60, 50) to (-60, 40), network device 1 will limit the maximum transmit power of the SSB to no more than 40dBm, reducing the maximum transmit power of the SSB.

[0130] For example, in scenarios 1 and 2 shown in Table 1, the SSB transmit power is configured within the current initial power range, and the SNR received by UE2 at the target element is greater than the target SNR. In this case, network device 1 can reduce the maximum value of the SSB power configuration range and control the maximum SSB transmit power to reduce energy consumption and improve battery life.

[0131] Furthermore, to ensure that the SNR of the target element received by UE2 from network device 1 is greater than or equal to the target SNR, while reducing energy consumption and improving battery life, network device 1 first determines the relationship between the target SNR and the reference SNR received by UE2. The reference SNR is the SNR of the target element received by the UE when the SSB transmit power is the maximum value within the initially configured range.

[0132] When the target SNR is greater than the reference SNR, network device 1 adjusts the SSB power configuration range to the target range. The maximum value of the target range is greater than the maximum value of the initially configured range. This is because the target SNR is greater than the reference SNR. This means that within the current SSB power configuration range, the SNR of the target element received by UE2 is always less than the target SNR, making it impossible for UE2 to reliably decode or detect the target element. Therefore, the maximum value of the SSB power configuration range can be increased, thereby increasing the maximum transmit power of the SSB.

[0133] Furthermore, when the target SNR is greater than the reference SNR, the maximum value of the target range can be determined based on the difference between the target SNR and the reference SNR. For example, as shown in Scenario 3, if the target element is PSS, where the target SNR of the PSS is -3.7dB, the reference SNR of the PSS received by the UE is -9.9dB, and the difference between the target SNR and the reference SNR is 6.2dB, that is, the SNR of the PSS received by the UE is still 6.2dB away from the target SNR. Based on the difference between the target SNR and the reference SNR, the power increment required for the UE to detect the PSS is determined, for example, a power increment of 6.2dBm. The UE can determine the maximum value of the target range based on the required power increment, for example, the maximum value of the initially configured range + 10dBm.

[0134] That is, network device 1 determines the maximum value of the target range by the difference between the target SNR and the reference SNR. On the basis of ensuring that the SNR of the target element received by the UE is greater than the target SNR, it can avoid excessively increasing the maximum transmission power of the SSB and causing waste of resources.

[0135] Furthermore, the maximum value of the target range cannot exceed a preset power value.

[0136] The preset power value is a transmit power value determined by those skilled in the art based on the current operating requirements of the network device or battery life. If the maximum value of the target range exceeds the preset power value, normal operation of the network device or battery life may be affected. For example, if the preset power value is 60dBm, the maximum value of the target range should be less than or equal to 60dBm.

[0137] During specific implementation, the network device 1 may adjust the configurable power range of ss-PBCH-BlockPower to the target range in a protocol (eg, TS38.331 RRC layer protocol).

[0138] The above method of improving the SNR received by UE2 from network device 1 is simple to operate and has little impact on the communication system. It can be achieved by only making minor changes to the existing protocol and coverage enhancement (CE) scenario frame structure, which helps to maintain the stability of the communication system.

[0139] Example 3

[0140] The embodiment of the present application optimizes resource allocation and avoids resource waste by adjusting the transmit power of the PSS and the transmit power of the PBCH.

[0141] At present, the power offset of PSS and PBCH is 0, which means that the transmit power of PSS is the same as the transmit power of PBCH. However, in some scenarios, such as scenario 3 described in Table 1, the target SNR for detecting PSS in UE2 is -3.7dB, while the target SNR for decoding PBCH is -7.3dB. That is, the transmit power required for UE2 to detect PSS is higher than the transmit power required to decode PBCH. If the power offset of PSS and PBCH is 0, the transmit power of PBCH is equal to the transmit power of PSS. It can be understood that in order to meet the requirements for detecting PSS, the transmit power of PSS needs to be as large as possible. At this time, the transmit power of PBCH is also large, but the power required to actually decode PBCH is small, which will result in a waste of resources.

[0142] In view of this, the network device 1 can configure the power offset parameters of the PBCH or DRMS relative to the PSS or SSS in the SSB. Specifically, it includes one or more of the following: the power offset parameter of the PBCH relative to the PSS, or the power offset parameter of the PBCH relative to the SSS, or the power offset parameter of the DRMS relative to the PSS, or the power offset parameter of the DRMS relative to the SSS.

[0143] For ease of explanation, the following uses the power offset parameter of PBCH relative to PSS as an example for schematic illustration. It is understood that, in actual use, the power offset parameter of PBCH relative to PSS can be replaced by the power offset parameter of PBCH relative to SSS, or the power offset parameter of DRMS relative to PSS, or the power offset parameter of DRMS relative to SSS.

[0144] In one example, the network device 1 can determine the power offset parameter of the PBCH relative to the PSS based on the target SNRs corresponding to the detected PSS and the decoded PBCH. The network device 1 configures the power offset parameter of the PBCH relative to the PSS. Specifically, in the standard, the power offset of the PBCH relative to the PSS can be configured by the ssb-PBCH-PowerOffset parameter in the RRC message. Thus, the network device 1 can determine the transmit power of the PBCH or PSS based on the power offset parameter of the PBCH relative to the PSS. For ease of explanation, the target SNR of the PSS is referred to as the first target SNR, and the target SNR of the PBCH is referred to as the second target SNR.

[0145] For example, consider scenario 3 in Table 1. UE2 detects the first target SNR for the PSS at -3.7 dB, and decodes the second target SNR for the PBCH at -7.3 dB. The power offset between the first and second target SNRs is 3.6 dB. Network device 1 can configure the power offset parameter for the PBCH relative to the PSS in the SSB to -3.6 dB. If the power offset parameter for the PSS and SSS is 0 and the SSB transmit power is 9 dBm, network device 1 can obtain the transmit power of the PSS and the transmit power of the PBCH.

[0146] However, since configuration is required every time it is used, frequent configuration results in wasted resources. Therefore, network device 1 presets a power offset table, which includes multiple different power offset parameters, including positive, 0, and negative numbers. The power offset parameter is the power offset parameter of the PBCH relative to the PSS.

[0147] It can be understood that in actual use, the power bias parameters in the power bias table can also be the power bias parameters of PBCH relative to SSS, or the power bias parameters of DRMS relative to PSS, or the power bias parameters of DRMS relative to SSS, which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0148] In addition, the power level of the power configuration table may be a resource element (RE) or the power counted by consecutive REs of the same channel, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0149] For example, Table 2 shows a schematic diagram of power offsets. Configuration 1 indicates that the power offset parameter of the PBCH relative to the PSS is 0. Configuration 2 indicates that the power offset parameter of the PBCH relative to the PSS is 3dB. Configuration 3 indicates that the power offset parameter of the PBCH relative to the PSS is -3dB, and so on.

[0150] Table 2

[0151]

[0152] It should be noted that the above power configuration table is for illustrative purposes only. In actual use, the configured data can be adjusted as needed, for example, configuration 1 is -1, configuration 2 is 0, configuration 3 is 1, etc. The configured data are arranged from large to small (or small to large). The adjacent data after configuration can have the same interval or different intervals, and the interval size can also be adjusted as needed.

[0153] In this embodiment of the present application, network device 1 can obtain the power offset parameter of the PBCH relative to the PSS from the power configuration table as needed. For example, network device 1 selects configuration 3 from the power configuration table, that is, the power offset parameter of the PBCH relative to the PSS is -3dB. If the power offset parameter of the PBCH relative to the PSS is -3dB, the transmit power P1 of the PBCH and the transmit power P2 of the PSS satisfy: P1 = P2 - 3dBm.

[0154] The network device 1 can determine the transmit power P1 of the PBCH and the transmit power P2 of the PSS according to the power offset parameter of the PBCH relative to the PSS and the configured transmit power P of the SSB.

[0155] In one example, the SSB transmit power can be configured as the maximum value of the configurable power range of ss-PBCH-BlockPower. The sum of the transmit power of the PSS, the transmit power of the SSS, and the transmit power of the PBCH is the transmit power of the SSB. If network device 1 determines the maximum value of the configurable power range of ss-PBCH-BlockPower, the power offset parameter of the PBCH relative to the PSS, and the power offset parameter of the PBCH relative to the SSS, the transmit power of the PBCH, the transmit power of the PSS, and the transmit power of the SSS can be determined.

[0156] It should be noted that the transmission power of SSB can be configured based on the adjusted power configuration range of SSB (i.e., target range), or it can be configured based on the power configuration range of SSB before adjustment (i.e., target range), and can be adjusted according to specific needs.

[0157] In an embodiment of the present application, the network device 1 can optimize resource allocation by reducing the power bias of PBCH relative to PSS, and by increasing the transmission power of PSS and PBCH with different amplitudes, so that UE2 can simultaneously improve the success probability of detecting PSS and decoding PBCH.

[0158] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the present application, network device 1 obtains the target SNR (referred to as the first target SNR) for UE2 to detect the PSS and the target SNR (referred to as the second target SNR) for decoding the PBCH. Network device 1 determines the power offset value parameter of the PBCH relative to the PSS that is closest to the power offset value from the power offset table based on the power offset parameters of the first target SNR and the second target SNR.

[0159] For example, in Scenario 3 of Table 1, UE2 detects the first target SNR for the PSS at -3.7 dB, and decodes the second target SNR for the PBCH at -7.3 dB. The power offset between the first and second target SNRs is 3.6 dB. Network device 1 can select the PBCH with the closest power offset from power offset table 2, which has a power offset parameter of -3 dB relative to the PSS.

[0160] Therefore, the network device 1 detects the PSS and the target SNR required for decoding the PBCH through the UE 2, and the determined power offset value has a better resource configuration effect.

[0161] In specific applications, for example, in the TS38.214 protocol, a power offset table may be added, and the network device 1 obtains the power offset parameter from the power offset table when needed.

[0162] This method is simple to operate and has little impact on the communication system. It can be implemented by only making minor changes to the existing protocol and Coverage Enhancement (CE) scenario frame structure, which helps to maintain the stability of the communication system.

[0163] Example 4

[0164] In the embodiment of the present application, the network device 1 can use the gap OFDM symbols between SSBs to retransmit the PBCH multiple times, thereby improving the SNR of the PBCH received by the UE2 without increasing the transmission power of the PBCH.

[0165] Currently, network device 1 may repeatedly transmit SSB multiple times within a preset time slot, with gaps between SSBs and OFDM symbols. The following example uses an SCS of 15 kHz and a carrier frequency of 3 GHz to 6 GHz as an example for illustration:

[0166] Attachment Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a structure for retransmitting multiple SSBs within a preset time slot. The preset time slot is a signal broadcast period, for example, 1ms. Figure 5 As shown, within the preset time slot, the network device 1 retransmits the SSB multiple times. Figure 5 Taking 2 times as an example, there is a gap OFDM symbol between SSBs. The gap OFDM symbol refers to the OFDM symbol not occupied by PBCH, SSS or PSS. Figure 5 It shows that there are two gaps between SSB and OFDM symbols.

[0167] Attachment Figure 6 This is another structural diagram of retransmitting multiple SSBs within a preset time slot. Figure 6 As shown, the preset time slot is 5ms. Figure 6 The figure shows that within a preset time slot, the network device retransmits SSBs six times, namely SSB#1 to SSB#6. There are gaps between SSBs in the OFDM symbol.

[0168] In an embodiment of the present application, the network device 1 can repeatedly transmit the PBCH based on the gap OFDM symbol, and improve the SNR of the PBCH received by the UE2 by combining the received signals of the PBCH received each time, so as to achieve the goal of using less PBCH transmission power to enable the UE2 to receive a higher SNR of the PBCH.

[0169] In an example, the network device 1 may repeatedly transmit the PBCH in the gap OFMD symbols adjacent to the SSB, thereby increasing the number of times the UE 2 receives the PBCH.

[0170] For example, if Figure 7A The figure shows a schematic diagram of the structure of retransmitting SSB in a preset time slot. Figure 5 , the network device 1 repeatedly transmits the PBCH once in the two gap OFDM symbols before the SSB. Thus, two PBCH transmissions can be added in the preset time slot.

[0171] For example, if Figure 7B The figure shows another structural diagram of retransmitting SSB in a preset time slot. The network device 1 uses the two gaps in the OFDM symbol after the SSB to repeatedly transmit the PBCH.

[0172] For example, when PBCH is transmitted once and the signal-to-noise ratio received by UE2 is 1dB, Figure 5 As shown, the signal-to-noise ratio received by UE2 is 8dB. Figure 7A and Figure 7B As shown, the signal-to-noise ratio received by UE2 is 12 dB.

[0173] For example, if Figure 8 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of another structure of retransmitting SSB in a preset time slot provided by an embodiment of the present application. The network device 1 can retransmit PBCH once in the two nearest-neighboring OFDM symbols before (or after) the SSB.

[0174] In another example, before determining whether to retransmit the PBCH, the network device 1 first calculates the difference between the SNR of the PBCH currently received by the UE 2 and the target SNR, and determines the number of retransmissions based on the difference between the two.

[0175] For example, in scenario 3, if the SNR of the PBCH currently received by UE2 is -9.9dB and the target SNR is -7.3dB, the difference between the two is 2.6dB. If the SNR received by UE2 is 1dB each time the PBCH is transmitted, in order to achieve a gain of 2.6dB, the number of retransmissions N=10 (2.6 / 10) ≈1.82. N is an integer twice.

[0176] Example 5

[0177] In an embodiment of the present application, network device 1 can use precoding technology to assign a precoding coefficient to each antenna port and adjust the beam direction of each antenna port, that is, configure the phase and amplitude of the transmitted signal of each antenna port; based on the phase and amplitude of the transmitted signal of each antenna port, send SSB to UE2.

[0178] Currently, network device 1 often transmits the same SSB through multiple ports. To improve the SNR of the same SSB received by UE2, precoding technology can be used to make the phase of each antenna port transmit toward UE2, thereby improving the SNR of the SSB received by UE2.

[0179] The following is an analysis based on specific examples.

[0180] If the original SSB transmission power is P, the SSB is transmitted through n antenna ports. Where n>1, and n is an integer. The transmission power of each antenna port is P / n. Network device 1 presets a precoding coefficient for each antenna port. Where the precoding coefficient of antenna port 1 is By analogy, the precoding coefficient of antenna port n is

[0181] In specific use, for example, in the TS38 protocol, the precoding coefficients may be configured to each antenna port through an RRC message or other control signaling.

[0182] Will Multiply by the transmit port of antenna 1, and so on, Multiply at the transmit port of antenna n. The transmit signal S of each antenna port i It can be expressed as formula (2):

[0183]

[0184] Where s is the original SSB data symbol. is the precoding coefficient The conjugate of , i ≥ 1, and i is an integer.

[0185] If the precoding coefficient of each antenna port is used to make the phase of the antenna port face the direction of UE2, then the embodiment of the present application can make the beam direction of each antenna port be transmitted toward UE2 by changing the beam direction of antenna 1 to antenna n, thereby improving the concentration of the signal, thereby significantly improving the SNR of the SSB received by UE2.

[0186] The following is combined with Figure 9 Further explanation, attached Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the implementation method of the precoding technology provided in the embodiment of this application. Figure 9 As shown, n=2 is used as an example for explanation. Figure 9 (a) shows that the SSB data to be transmitted continuously based on time is S i , S i+1 , S i+2 ,…. The Space-Frequency Block Code (SFBC) encoder obtains the SSB data to be transmitted, performs encoding based on the preset precoding coefficients, and generates two output signals. The first output signal is S i , S i+1 , S i+2 ,…, the second output signal is the negative conjugate signal Two signals are sent to UE2 via two antenna ports. For S i Conjugate data.

[0187] Among them, the precoding coefficients form a precoding matrix, for example for The negative conjugate of .

[0188] Figure 9 (b) shows the subcarrier allocation of the two antenna ports in the frequency domain.

[0189] The first output signal is mapped on antenna port 1 and sent through the subcarrier of antenna port 1. The second output signal is mapped on antenna port 2 and sent through a subcarrier different from that of antenna port 1.

[0190] In addition, the embodiments of the present application may also be executed in other ways, which are not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0191] Therefore, through the above method, the SNR of the target element received by UE2 can be adjusted.

[0192] Next, combine Figure 10 as well as Figure 11 , further introduces the hardware implementation of network equipment and UE.

[0193] See also Figure 10 , shows a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a network device, which can be used to execute the method executed by the network device. Figure 10 The network device shown includes at least one processor 111, at least one memory 112, at least one transceiver 113, at least one network interface 114, and one or more antennas 115. The processor 111, the memory 112, the transceiver 113, and the network interface 114 are connected, for example, via a bus. In the embodiment of the present application, the connection may include various interfaces, transmission lines, or buses, etc., which are not limited in this embodiment. The antenna 115 is connected to the transceiver 113. The network interface 114 is used to connect the network device to other communication devices through a communication link. For example, the network interface 114 may include a network interface between a satellite network device and a network device in the core network, such as an S1 interface. The network interface may include a network interface between a network device and other network devices, such as an X2 or Xn interface.

[0194] in, Figure 10 The processor 111 shown in the figure can specifically complete the network device processing actions in the above method, the memory 112 can complete the storage actions in the above method, the transceiver 113 and the antenna 115 can perform the sending and receiving actions on the air interface in the above method, and the network interface 114 can complete the actions of interacting with the network device or other network devices / network elements in the above method.

[0195] The processor in the embodiment of the present application, such as processor 111, may include but is not limited to at least one of the following: a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a microcontroller unit (MCU), or an artificial intelligence processor, etc., which are various types of computing devices that run software. Each computing device may include one or more cores for executing software instructions to perform operations or processing. The processor can be a separate semiconductor chip, or it can be integrated into a semiconductor chip together with other circuits. For example, it can form an SoC (system on chip) with other circuits (such as a codec circuit, a hardware acceleration circuit, or various bus and interface circuits), or it can be integrated into the ASIC as a built-in processor of an ASIC. The ASIC with the integrated processor can be packaged separately or with other circuits. In addition to the core for executing software instructions to perform operations or processing, the processor can further include necessary hardware accelerators, such as FPGAs (field programmable gate arrays), PLDs (programmable logic devices), or logic circuits that implement dedicated logic operations.

[0196] The memory in the embodiments of the present application may include at least one of the following types: read-only memory (ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, random access memory (RAM) or other types of dynamic storage devices that can store information and instructions, or electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM). In some scenarios, the memory may also be a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including compact disc, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc, Blu-ray disc, etc.), magnetic disk storage medium or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited to this.

[0197] The memory 112 can be independent and connected to the processor 111. Optionally, the memory 112 can be integrated with the processor 111, for example, integrated into a single chip. The memory 112 can store program codes for executing the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and the execution is controlled by the processor 111. The various computer program codes executed can also be regarded as drivers for the processor 111. For example, the processor 111 is used to execute the computer program codes stored in the memory 112, thereby implementing the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

[0198] The transceiver 113 can be used to support the reception or transmission of radio frequency signals between the network device and other devices, and the transceiver 113 can be connected to the antenna 115. The transceiver 113 includes a transmitter Tx and a receiver Rx. Specifically, one or more antennas 115 can receive radio frequency signals. The receiver Rx of the transceiver 113 is used to receive the radio frequency signal from the antenna, convert the radio frequency signal into a digital baseband signal or a digital intermediate frequency signal, and provide the digital baseband signal or digital intermediate frequency signal to the processor 111 so that the processor 111 can further process the digital baseband signal or digital intermediate frequency signal, such as demodulation and decoding. In addition, the transmitter Tx in the transceiver 113 is also used to receive a modulated digital baseband signal or digital intermediate frequency signal from the processor 111, convert the modulated digital baseband signal or digital intermediate frequency signal into a radio frequency signal, and send the radio frequency signal through one or more antennas 115. Specifically, the receiver Rx can selectively perform one or more stages of down-mixing and analog-to-digital conversion on the RF signal to obtain a digital baseband signal or a digital intermediate frequency signal. The order of the down-mixing and analog-to-digital conversion processes is adjustable. The transmitter Tx can selectively perform one or more stages of up-mixing and digital-to-analog conversion on the modulated digital baseband signal or digital intermediate frequency signal to obtain a RF signal. The order of the up-mixing and digital-to-analog conversion processes is adjustable. The digital baseband signal and the digital intermediate frequency signal may be collectively referred to as digital signals.

[0199] Figure 11 The present invention provides an example of a UE component, which may be, for example, a mobile phone, a smart wearable device (such as a smart watch), etc. Taking a mobile phone as an example, the UE may include a processor 310, an external memory interface 320, an internal memory 321, an antenna 1, an antenna 2, a mobile communication module 350, and a wireless communication module 360.

[0200] It should be understood that the structure illustrated in this embodiment does not constitute a specific limitation on the UE. In other embodiments, the UE may include more or fewer components than shown, or some components may be combined or separated, or arranged differently. The illustrated components may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

[0201] The processor 310 may include one or more processing units. For example, the processor 310 may include an application processor (AP), a modem processor, a graphics processing unit (GPU), an image signal processor (ISP), a controller, a time-frequency codec, a digital signal processor (DSP), a baseband processor, and / or a neural-network processing unit (NPU). The different processing units may be independent devices or integrated into one or more processors.

[0202] It is understood that the interface connection relationship between the modules illustrated in this embodiment is only for illustrative purposes and does not constitute a structural limitation on the UE. In other embodiments of the present application, the UE may also adopt different interface connection methods in the above embodiments, or a combination of multiple interface connection methods.

[0203] The external memory interface 320 can be used to connect an external memory card, such as a Micro SD card, to expand the UE's storage capacity. The external memory card communicates with the processor 310 via the external memory interface 320 to implement data storage. For example, files such as music and time and frequency files can be stored on the external memory card.

[0204] The internal memory 321 can be used to store computer executable program codes, and the executable program codes include instructions. The processor 310 executes various functional applications and data processing of the UE by running the instructions stored in the internal memory 321. The internal memory 321 may include a program storage area and a data storage area. Among them, the program storage area may store an operating system, an application required for at least one function (such as a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.), etc. The data storage area may store data created during the use of the UE (such as time-frequency stream data), etc. In addition, the internal memory 321 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, a universal flash storage (UFS), etc. The processor 310 executes various functions and data processing of the UE by running the instructions stored in the internal memory 321, and / or the instructions stored in the memory provided in the processor.

[0205] The wireless communication function of the UE can be implemented through antenna 1, antenna 2, mobile communication module 350, wireless communication module 360, modem processor and baseband processor.

[0206] Antenna 1 and Antenna 2 are used to transmit and receive electromagnetic wave signals. Each antenna in the UE can be used to cover a single or multiple communication frequency bands. Different antennas can also be reused to improve antenna utilization. For example, antenna 1 can be reused as a diversity antenna for a wireless local area network. In other embodiments, the antennas can be used in conjunction with a tuning switch.

[0207] The mobile communication module 350 can provide solutions for wireless communications including 2G / 3G / 4G / 5G applied on the UE. The mobile communication module 350 may include at least one filter, a switch, a power amplifier, a low noise amplifier (LNA), etc. The mobile communication module 350 can receive electromagnetic waves from the antenna 1, and filter, amplify, and process the received electromagnetic waves, and transmit them to the modulation and demodulation processor for demodulation. The mobile communication module 350 can also amplify the signal modulated by the modulation and demodulation processor, and convert it into electromagnetic waves for radiation through the antenna 1. In some embodiments, at least some of the functional modules of the mobile communication module 350 can be set in the processor 310. In some embodiments, at least some of the functional modules of the mobile communication module 350 can be set in the same device as at least some of the modules of the processor 310.

[0208] In some embodiments, the UE sends the request via the mobile communication module 350 and the antenna 1 .

[0209] Furthermore, an operating system runs on the above-mentioned components. Examples include the iOS operating system, the Android operating system, and the Windows operating system. Applications can be installed and run on the operating system. Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for ease of description and brevity, the explanation and beneficial effects of the relevant contents of any of the above-mentioned UEs can be referred to the corresponding method embodiments provided above, and will not be further elaborated here.

[0210] Figure 12 : is a schematic block diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 12 As shown, the communication device 1200 may include a communication module 1220. The communication module 1220 may implement corresponding communication functions, which may be internal communication functions of the communication device 1200 or communication functions between the communication device 1200 and other devices. Optionally, the communication module 1220 may also be referred to as a communication interface or a transceiver module.

[0211] Optionally, the communication device 1200 further includes a processing module 1210. The processing module 1210 can implement corresponding processing functions.

[0212] Optionally, the communication device 1200 further includes a storage module, which can be used to store instructions and / or data; the processing module 1210 can read the instructions and / or data in the storage module to enable the communication device 1200 to implement the aforementioned method embodiment.

[0213] In one possible design, the communication device 1200 may correspond to the UE in the above method embodiments, or a component configured in the UE (such as a circuit, chip, or chip system). The communication device 1200 can be used to execute the steps or processes performed by the terminal device in any of the above method embodiments.

[0214] For example, the processing module 1210 is configured to configure transmission parameters for sending a target element in an SSB; wherein the transmission parameters are used to ensure that a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the target element received by the user equipment is greater than or equal to a target SNR, where the target SNR is a SNR required for the user equipment to demodulate or detect the target element in the SSB;

[0215] The communication module 1220 is used to send the SSB and / or the target element to the user equipment according to the transmission parameters.

[0216] The above is only an example, and for detailed steps or processes, please refer to the description of the aforementioned embodiments.

[0217] In one possible design, the communication device 1200 may correspond to the network device in the above method embodiments, or a component configured in the network device (such as a circuit, chip, or chip system). The communication device 1200 can be used to execute the steps or processes executed by the network device in any of the above method embodiments.

[0218] For example, the processing module 1210 is configured to determine the SNR of the target element and decode or detect the target element according to the SNR of the target element.

[0219] The above is only an example, and for detailed steps or processes, please refer to the description of the aforementioned embodiments.

[0220] In addition, an embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores instructions. When the computer-readable storage medium is run on one or more computing devices, the one or more computing devices execute the communication method described in the above embodiment.

[0221] In addition, embodiments of the present application further provide a computer program product. When the computer program product is executed by one or more computing devices, the one or more computing devices perform any of the aforementioned communication methods. The computer program product may be a software installation package. When any of the aforementioned communication methods is required, the computer program product may be downloaded and executed on a computer.

[0222] Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the present application can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general hardware, and of course can also be implemented by special hardware including application-specific integrated circuits, special CPUs, special memories, special components, etc. In general, all functions performed by computer programs can be easily implemented with corresponding hardware, and the specific hardware structures used to implement the same function can also be diverse, such as analog circuits, digital circuits or special circuits, etc. However, for the present application, software program implementation is a better implementation method in most cases. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a readable storage medium, such as a computer's floppy disk, USB flash drive, mobile hard disk, ROM, RAM, magnetic disk or optical disk, etc., and includes a number of instructions to enable a computer device (which can be a personal computer, training equipment, or network equipment, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment of the present application.

[0223] In the above embodiments, all or part of the embodiments may be implemented by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented by software, all or part of the embodiments may be implemented in the form of a computer program product.

[0224] The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the process or function described in the embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from a website, a computer, a training device or a data center by wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) mode to another website, a computer, a training device or a data center. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can store or a data storage device such as a training device, a data center, etc. that includes one or more available media integrations. The available medium can be a magnetic medium, (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, a tape), an optical medium (e.g., a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., a solid-state drive (SSD)).

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that: A satellite network device applied to a non-terrestrial network, the method comprising: Configuring transmission parameters for a target element in a synchronization signal block (SSB); the transmission parameters including transmission power, number of repeated transmissions, and / or beam direction of each antenna port in the satellite network device; The transmission parameters are used to ensure that the signal-to-noise ratio of the target element received by the user equipment is greater than or equal to a target signal-to-noise ratio, where the target signal-to-noise ratio is the minimum signal-to-noise ratio for the user equipment to demodulate or detect the target element in the SSB; Sending the SSB and / or the target element to the user equipment according to the transmission parameter; the target element includes a primary synchronization signal PSS and / or a physical broadcast channel PBCH; If the target element is a PBCH, the transmission parameter is the number of repeated transmissions, and the configuration of sending the transmission parameter of the target element in the synchronization signal block SSB includes: Configuring the number of repeated transmissions of the PBCH in a preset time slot; Sending the target element to the user equipment according to the transmission parameter includes: Based on the number of repeated transmissions, the PBCH is repeatedly transmitted to the user equipment using a gap symbol, where the time slot includes multiple orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, and the gap symbol is a symbol not occupied by the SSB in the preset time slot.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that If the transmission parameter is the transmission power of the target element, the configuring the transmission parameter of the target element in the synchronization signal block SSB includes: Adjusting the configurable range of the SSB transmit power to a target range; Based on the target range, a transmit power of the target element is configured.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The maximum value of the target range is greater than the maximum value of the configurable power range of the SSB before adjustment.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The configurable range for adjusting the transmit power of the SSB is a target range, including: If the target signal-to-noise ratio is greater than the reference signal-to-noise ratio, the configurable range of the transmit power of the SSB is adjusted to the target range, and the reference signal-to-noise ratio indicates the signal-to-noise ratio received by the user equipment when the SSB is sent at the maximum value of the configurable power range of the SSB before adjustment.

5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The configurable range for adjusting the transmit power of the SSB is the target range, including: The power configuration range of ss-PBCH-BlockPower is adjusted to the target range.

6. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The configuration of sending the transmission parameters of the target element in the synchronization signal block SSB includes: Obtaining a power offset parameter of the PBCH or demodulation reference signal DRMS in the SSB relative to the PSS or secondary synchronization signal block SSS; The transmit power for sending the target element is determined based on a power offset parameter of the PBCH or the DRMS relative to the PSS or the SSS.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The obtaining of a power offset parameter of the PBCH or the demodulation reference signal DRMS in the SSB relative to the PSS or the secondary synchronization signal block SSS includes: Determining, according to the target signal-to-noise ratio, a target power offset parameter of the PBCH or the DRMS relative to the PSS or the SSS; According to the target power offset parameter, a preset power offset parameter corresponding to the target power offset parameter is screened out from a preconfigured power offset table; the power offset table includes a plurality of preset power offset parameters.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method further comprises: The PBCH is repeatedly transmitted using the empty OFDM symbols in the time slot where the PSS in the SSB is located.

9. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The SSB is transmitted on n antenna ports, where n is an integer greater than 1, the transmission parameter is a beam direction of each antenna port, and the configuration of transmitting the transmission parameter of the target element in the synchronization signal block SSB includes: Determining a precoding coefficient for each antenna port; configuring the phase and amplitude of the transmit signal of each antenna port based on the precoding coefficient and the transmit power of each antenna port; The sending the SSB to the user equipment according to the transmission parameter includes: The SSB is sent to the user equipment based on the phase and amplitude of the transmit signal of each antenna port.

10. A communication method, characterized in that: Applied to user equipment, the method includes: Receiving an SSB and / or a target element in the SSB sent by a satellite network device of a non-terrestrial network according to transmission parameters; the transmission parameters include transmission power, number of repeated transmissions, and / or beam direction of each antenna port in the satellite network device; determining a signal-to-noise ratio of the target element; If the signal-to-noise ratio of the target element is greater than or equal to a target signal-to-noise ratio, decoding or detecting the target element; the target signal-to-noise ratio is a minimum signal-to-noise ratio for the user equipment to demodulate or detect the target element in the SSB; the target element includes a primary synchronization signal PSS and / or a physical broadcast channel PBCH; If the target element is a PBCH and the transmission parameter is the number of repeated transmissions, the receiving SSB of the satellite network device of the non-terrestrial network and / or the target element in the SSB includes: Based on the number of repeated transmissions, the PBCH repeatedly transmitted by the satellite network device is received through gap symbols, where the gap symbols are symbols not occupied by the SSB in a preset time slot; the time slot includes multiple orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM symbols.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that The method further comprises: If the signal-to-noise ratio of the target element is less than the target signal-to-noise ratio, a response message is fed back to the satellite network device, where the response message is used to indicate that the signal-to-noise ratio of the target element is less than the target signal-to-noise ratio.

12. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that Determining the signal-to-noise ratio of the target element includes: If the target element is received p times within the preset time slot, the p is greater than or equal to 1; The received signals of the target element each time are combined, and the signal-to-noise ratio after the combination is used as the signal-to-noise ratio of the target element.

13. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that Determining the signal-to-noise ratio of the target element includes: Obtaining a received signal of a target element sent by n antenna ports; the n antenna ports are n antenna ports of the satellite network device, where n is greater than or equal to 1 and is an integer; The received signals of the target element of the n antenna ports are combined to obtain a signal-to-noise ratio of the target element.

14. A communication device, characterized in that: Satellite network equipment applied to non-terrestrial networks, the communication device comprising a communication device and a processing device; The processing device is used to configure the transmission parameters of the target element in the synchronization signal block SSB; the transmission parameters include transmission power, number of repeated transmissions and / or beam direction of each antenna port in the satellite network device; The transmission parameters are used to ensure that the signal-to-noise ratio of the target element received by the user equipment is greater than or equal to a target signal-to-noise ratio, where the target signal-to-noise ratio is the minimum signal-to-noise ratio for the user equipment to demodulate or detect the target element in the SSB; The communication device is configured to send the SSB and / or the target element to the user equipment according to the transmission parameter; the target element includes a primary synchronization signal PSS and / or a physical broadcast channel PBCH; If the target element is a PBCH and the transmission parameter is the number of repeated transmissions, the processing device is specifically configured to: configure the number of repeated transmissions of the PBCH in a preset time slot; The communication device is specifically used to: based on the number of repeated transmissions, use gap symbols to repeatedly transmit the PBCH to the user equipment, the time slot includes multiple orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM symbols, and the gap symbols are symbols not occupied by the SSB in the preset time slot.

15. A communication device, characterized in that: Applied to user equipment, the communication device includes a communication module and a processing module; The communication module is configured to receive an SSB and / or a target element in the SSB sent by a satellite network device of a non-terrestrial network according to a transmission parameter; The transmission parameters include transmission power, number of repeated transmissions and / or beam direction of each antenna port in the satellite network device; The processing module is configured to determine a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the target element; if the SNR of the target element is greater than or equal to a target SNR, decode or detect the target element; the target SNR is a SNR required by the user equipment to demodulate or detect the target element in the SSB; the target element includes a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and / or a physical broadcast channel (PBCH); If the target element is PBCH, and the transmission parameter is the number of repeated transmissions, the communication module is specifically used to: based on the number of repeated transmissions, receive the PBCH repeatedly transmitted by the satellite network device through a gap symbol, and the gap symbol is a symbol not occupied by the SSB in a preset time slot; the time slot includes multiple orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM symbols.

16. A communication system, characterized in that: Including satellite network equipment and user equipment; The satellite network device executes the communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the user equipment executes the communication method according to any one of claims 10 to 13.

17. A computer storage medium, characterized in that Used to store a computer program, which, when executed, is used to implement the communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

18. A computer program product comprising instructions, characterized in that When the method is executed on at least one computing device, the method enables the at least one computing device to implement the communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

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