Annular component inertia friction welding joint material flow rule analysis method

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for analyzing the material flow rule of an inertia friction welding joint of an annular component, and provides a scheme for presetting dissimilar metal on a welding interface, which utilizes the deformation characteristic that the small-size dissimilar metal on the welding interface flows along with the material of the welding joint, and comprises the following steps: according to the characteristics and characteristics of the material to be welded, calculating the flow rule of the material to be welded; a heterogeneous metal material with the material fluidity similar to that of the to-be-welded material during inertia friction welding is selected, and the heterogeneous metal material is machined into a filling block; a filling hole is machined in the to-be-welded surface of the to-be-welded part in the shortening amount direction; embedding the processed filling blocks into the filling holes; inertia friction welding of the to-be-welded part is completed; a welding joint of the part is cut into a plurality of fan-shaped sections in the shortening amount direction; grinding, polishing and corroding the fan-shaped section in sequence; and observing the corroded surface of the fan-shaped section by using a light microscope and an electron microscope to determine the form and distribution of the heterogeneous metal material of the filling block in the fan-shaped section so as to reveal the material flow behavior in the inertial friction welding process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of inertia friction welding, and in particular relates to a method for analyzing material flow rules of an inertia friction welding joint of an annular component. Background Art

[0002] Inertia friction welding is a solid-phase connection technology suitable for annular components. It has been widely used in the aerospace field, especially in the welding of rotor components. It has been particularly applied in the manufacturing of aircraft engine drum structures. It has the ability to complete the welding of rotor components with high efficiency and high precision.

[0003] In aircraft engines, the objects of inertia friction welding are mainly high-temperature resistant materials such as nickel-based alloys and titanium alloys. With the improvement of the design requirements for the service performance of aircraft engines, higher requirements are also placed on the load-bearing performance of welded joints on aircraft engines. For example, the quality of the inertia friction welding process of drum-like annular components requires more stringent control.

[0004] Inertia friction welding will cause rapid large plastic deformation. Under the dual effects of axial forging force and rotational shear force, the material in the welding area will be squeezed outward to form a rolled-up flash. The formation quality of the flash is closely related to the welding quality of the welded joint. Therefore, revealing the flow behavior of the material in the welding area during inertia friction welding is of great significance for controlling the formation of welding flash and ensuring the quality of the welded joint.

[0005] However, at present, if we want to study the flow law of materials at the inertia friction welding joint, we can usually only use the finite element analysis method. But there is still a significant gap between the current finite element analysis results of inertia friction welding and the actual welding process, and it cannot fully and accurately reveal the material flow behavior during the inertia friction welding process. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for analyzing the material flow law of the inertia friction welding joint of an annular component, and proposes a scheme of pre-setting heterogeneous metal at the welding interface. By utilizing the deformation characteristics of small-sized heterogeneous metal at the welding interface flowing together with the welding joint material, the morphology and distribution of the pre-set heterogeneous metal material can be directly observed, and then the morphology and distribution law of the pre-set heterogeneous metal material can be used to comprehensively and accurately reveal the material flow behavior in the inertia friction welding process.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a method for analyzing the material flow law of an annular component inertia friction welding joint, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: According to the characteristics and properties of the material to be welded, select a heterogeneous metal material with a material fluidity similar to that of the material to be welded during inertia friction welding, and process the heterogeneous metal material into a filling block;

[0009] Step 2: machining a filling hole on the surface to be welded of the part to be welded along the shortening direction;

[0010] Step 3: Insert the processed filling block into the filling hole;

[0011] Step 4: Complete the inertia friction welding of the parts to be welded;

[0012] Step 5: Cut the welded joint of the part into several fan-shaped segments along the shortening direction;

[0013] Step 6: Grinding, polishing and etching the fan-shaped segments in sequence;

[0014] Step 7: Use an optical microscope and an electron microscope to observe the corroded surface of the sector segment to determine the morphology and distribution of the heterogeneous metal material of the filling block within the sector segment to reveal the material flow behavior during inertia friction welding.

[0015] In step 2, the depth of the filling hole is not less than the single-side shortening of the weld joint after inertia friction welding.

[0016] In step two, the filling hole is the same size and shape as the filling block.

[0017] In step 2, the location and number of filling holes are determined according to the material flow behavior at different parts of the weld joint.

[0018] In step three, the filling block and the filling hole are transitionally matched.

[0019] In step three, after the filling block is inserted into the filling hole, it is necessary to ensure that the surface to be welded is flat.

[0020] In step 4, the inertia friction welding process parameters are determined according to the actual process parameters of the parts to be welded.

[0021] In step five, the number of sectors is not less than four.

[0022] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0023] The material flow law analysis method of the inertia friction welding joint of an annular component of the present invention proposes a scheme of pre-setting heterogeneous metal at the welding interface, and utilizes the deformation characteristics of small-sized heterogeneous metal at the welding interface flowing together with the welding joint material to directly observe the morphology and distribution of the pre-set heterogeneous metal material, and then through the morphology and distribution law of the pre-set heterogeneous metal material, it is used to comprehensively and accurately reveal the material flow behavior in the inertia friction welding process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of a part to be welded with a filling hole before welding (the number of the filling hole is one and the position is in the central side area of ​​the surface to be welded, and the filling block and the filling hole are separated);

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram before welding of a part to be welded with filling holes (there are two filling holes and they are located in the inner side area and the outer side area of ​​the surface to be welded respectively, and the filling block and the filling hole are separated);

[0026] In the figure, 1 is the filling block, 2 is the filling hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0028] A method for analyzing material flow rules of an annular component inertia friction welding joint comprises the following steps:

[0029] Step 1: According to the characteristics and properties of the material to be welded, a heterogeneous metal material with a material fluidity similar to that of the material to be welded during inertia friction welding is selected, and the heterogeneous metal material is processed into a filling block 1; in this embodiment, the material to be welded is GH4151 nickel-based high-temperature alloy, and the heterogeneous metal material is GH5188 cobalt-based high-temperature alloy; the filling block 1 is a cylindrical structure, the diameter of the filling block 1 is 2 mm, and the length of the filling block 1 is 5 mm;

[0030] Step 2: If Figure 1 , 2 As shown, a filling hole 2 is processed on the surface to be welded of the part to be welded along the shortening direction, the depth of the filling hole 2 is not less than the unilateral shortening of the weld joint after inertia friction welding, the filling hole 2 is the same size and shape as the filling block 1, and the position and number of the filling holes 2 are determined according to the material flow behavior of different parts of the weld joint; in this embodiment, the filling hole 2 adopts a cylindrical hole structure, the hole diameter of the filling hole 2 is 2mm, and the depth of the filling hole 2 is 5mm. Among the two parts to be welded, only one part to be welded has a filling hole 2 processed on its surface to be welded, and the other part to be welded has no filling hole 2 processed on its surface to be welded;

[0031] Step 3: embed the processed filling block 1 into the filling hole 2. The filling block 1 and the filling hole 2 are transitional fits. After the filling block 1 is embedded in the filling hole 2, it is necessary to ensure that the surface to be welded is flat;

[0032] Step 4: Complete the inertia friction welding of the parts to be welded. The inertia friction welding process parameters are determined according to the actual process parameters of the parts to be welded;

[0033] Step 5: Cut the welded joint of the part into 6 sectors along the shortening direction;

[0034] Step 6: Complete sandpaper grinding, vibration polishing and corrosion operations on the fan-shaped segment in sequence;

[0035] Step 7: Use an optical microscope and an electron microscope to observe the corroded surface of the sector segment to determine the morphology and distribution of the heterogeneous metal material of the filling block 1 within the sector segment to reveal the material flow behavior during the inertia friction welding process.

[0036] The solutions in the embodiments are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent implementations or changes that do not deviate from the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for analyzing material flow law of an annular component inertia friction welding joint, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: According to the characteristics and properties of the material to be welded, select a heterogeneous metal material with a material fluidity similar to that of the material to be welded during inertia friction welding, and process the heterogeneous metal material into a filling block; Step 2: machining a filling hole on the surface to be welded of the part to be welded along the shortening direction; Step 3: Insert the processed filling block into the filling hole; Step 4: Complete the inertia friction welding of the parts to be welded; Step 5: Cut the welded joint of the part into several fan-shaped segments along the shortening direction; Step 6: Grinding, polishing and etching the fan-shaped segments in sequence; Step 7: Use an optical microscope and an electron microscope to observe the corroded surface of the sector segment to determine the morphology and distribution of the heterogeneous metal material of the filling block within the sector segment to reveal the material flow behavior during inertia friction welding.

2. The method for analyzing material flow law of an annular component inertia friction welding joint according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 2, the depth of the filling hole is not less than the single-side shortening of the weld joint after inertia friction welding.

3. The method for analyzing material flow law of an annular component inertia friction welding joint according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The filling hole is the same size and shape as the filling block.

4. The method for analyzing material flow law of an annular component inertia friction welding joint according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The location and number of filling holes need to be determined according to the material flow behavior at different parts of the weld joint.

5. The method for analyzing material flow law of an annular component inertia friction welding joint according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The filling block and the filling hole are transitionally matched.

6. The method for analyzing material flow law of an annular component inertia friction welding joint according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step three, after the filling block is inserted into the filling hole, it is necessary to ensure that the surface to be welded is flat.

7. The method for analyzing material flow law of an annular component inertia friction welding joint according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 4, the inertia friction welding process parameters are determined according to the actual process parameters of the parts to be welded.

8. The method for analyzing material flow rules of an annular component inertia friction welding joint according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step five, the number of sectors is not less than four.

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