exploration drill

Abstract

The application relates to an exploration drilling machine which comprises a lifting mechanism, an electric control rotating mechanism, a drill rod, a drill bit and a mounting mechanism; the upper end of the drill bit is provided with a downwardly recessed recess hole, and the upper end of the drill bit is provided with a clamping block; the mounting mechanism comprises a spline shaft and an elastic assembly; the upper end of the spline shaft is connected with the lower end of the drill rod; the spline shaft is provided with an annular groove around the outer periphery thereof; the outer peripheral surface of the spline shaft is provided with a vertical groove extending in the vertical direction and a downwardly recessed groove; the upper end of the elastic assembly is in abutment with the lower end of the spline shaft, and the lower end of the elastic assembly is in abutment with the hole bottom of the recess hole; when the clamping block is in clamping and matching cooperation with the groove, the elastic assembly is in a compressed state; when the clamping block is located in the annular groove, the elastic assembly allows the spline shaft to rotate relative to the drill bit. The above-mentioned exploration drilling machine can prevent the drill bit from being operated in high-intensity overload for a long time in high-hardness geology, will not damage the mounting mechanism, and is convenient for replacing the drill bit.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of drilling machines, in particular to an exploration drilling machine. BACKGROUND

[0002] The exploration drilling machine generally comprises a lifting mechanism, an electric control rotating mechanism, a drill rod, a drill bit, a mounting mechanism and the like. The electric control rotating mechanism is mounted on the lifting mechanism. One end of the drill rod is mounted on the output end of the electric control rotating mechanism. The drill bit is mounted on the end of the drill rod away from the electric control rotating mechanism through the mounting mechanism. In actual use of the exploration drilling machine to drill a hole in the ground, the lifting mechanism drives the electric control rotating mechanism to move downward, so that the electric control rotating mechanism carries the drill rod and the drill bit to move downward. At the same time, the electric control rotating mechanism drives the drill rod to rotate the drill bit, so that the drill bit can be rotated downward step by step.

[0003] Because the geological hardness at different depths under the ground is unknown, a drill bit with high hardness needs to be used to drill downward step by step. When the geological hardness at some depth under the ground is much higher than the hardness that the drill bit can drill, the drill bit will be in high-intensity overload operation in the high-hardness geology for a long time, causing the mounting mechanism to deform, and further causing the problem of inconvenience in replacing the drill bit later.

[0004] In the related art, the electric control rotating mechanism can determine whether the drill bit is in high-intensity overload operation in the high-hardness geology during the drilling process according to the rotating state of the drill bit, so as to execute the corresponding power-off and stop-rotation program in time. However, the process needs a long response time. Moreover, the drill bit still needs to perform a long deceleration idle process during the execution of the power-off and stop-rotation program, which causes serious wear of the drill bit in the high-hardness geology, and finally causes the mounting mechanism to easily deform and the drill bit to be difficult to replace. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an exploration drilling machine to solve the problem that the drill bit is in high-intensity overload operation in the high-hardness geology for a long time during the drilling process of the exploration drilling machine in the prior art, causing the mounting mechanism to deform and leading to the problem of inconvenience in replacing the drill bit later.

[0006] An exploration drilling machine comprises a lifting mechanism, an electric control rotating mechanism, a drill rod, a drill bit and a mounting mechanism. An upper end of the drill bit is provided with a downwardly recessed recess hole. A clamping block is arranged at the upper end of the drill bit and located on the inner circumferential side of the recess hole. The mounting mechanism comprises a spline shaft and an elastic assembly.

[0007] The upper end of the spline shaft is connected with the lower end of the drill pipe, the spline shaft is provided with an annular groove around the outer periphery thereof, the outer peripheral surface of the spline shaft is provided with a vertical groove extending in the vertical direction and a downwardly recessed groove, the upper end of the vertical groove and the upper end of the groove are both communicated with the lower side of the annular groove, and the lower end of the vertical groove penetrates through the lower end of the spline shaft downwardly; the vertical groove is used for moving up and down in cooperation with the clamping block, the annular groove is used for rotating in cooperation with the clamping block, and the groove is used for clamping in cooperation with the clamping block;

[0008] The upper end of the elastic assembly is abutted with the lower end of the spline shaft, and the lower end of the elastic assembly is abutted with the hole bottom of the recessed hole; when the clamping block is clamped in cooperation with the groove, the elastic assembly is in a compressed state; when the clamping block is located in the annular groove, the elastic assembly allows the spline shaft to rotate relative to the drill bit.

[0009] In an embodiment, the mounting mechanism further comprises an adapter sleeve, an outer cylinder, and a plurality of polishing blocks arranged on the outer cylinder.

[0010] The adapter sleeve is fixedly connected with the lower end of the drill pipe, the adapter sleeve is fixedly connected with the upper end of the spline shaft, and the adapter sleeve is fixedly connected with the upper end of the outer cylinder; the spline shaft is inserted into the inner portion of the outer cylinder; a plurality of polishing blocks are sequentially and spacedly arranged around the outer periphery of the outer cylinder.

[0011] In an embodiment, the exploration drilling machine further comprises a push rod, a slide rod, and a spring.

[0012] The inner portion of the polishing block is provided with a sliding groove, the push rod is slidably connected with the sliding groove in a first direction, the push rod has an inner side surface facing the spline shaft and an outer side surface facing away from the spline shaft; the sliding groove has an inner groove wall opposite to and abutting the inner side surface and an outer groove wall abutting the outer side surface;

[0013] In a direction from top to bottom, the inner side surface is inclined toward the direction close to the spline shaft, and the outer side surface is inclined toward the direction close to the spline shaft; the first direction is the inclination direction of the inner side surface and the outer side surface;

[0014] The upper end of the spring is connected with the top of the groove wall of the sliding groove, and the lower end of the spring is connected with the upper end of the push rod.

[0015] The upper end of the drill bit is provided with a circumferential groove around the axis of the spline shaft; the lower end of the push rod is fixedly connected with the slide rod, and the slide rod is slidably connected with the circumferential groove and can rotate along the circumferential groove.

[0016] In an embodiment, the exploration drilling machine further comprises a slide plate, the upper end of the slide plate is fixedly connected with the lower end of the push rod, and the lower end of the slide plate is fixedly connected with the upper end of the slide rod.

[0017] The side of the sliding plate close to the spline shaft is attached to the groove wall of the circumferential groove, and the side of the sliding plate away from the spline shaft is attached to the groove wall of the circumferential groove.

[0018] In an embodiment, the mounting mechanism further comprises a retaining ring, which is sleeved on the spline shaft and located between the outer cylinder and the drill bit.

[0019] The top surface of the retaining ring is attached to the lower end surface of the outer cylinder, and the inner circumferential surface of the retaining ring is attached to the outer circumferential surface of the drill bit.

[0020] In an embodiment, the mounting mechanism is provided with a plurality of material guide grooves, which are sequentially and spacedly arranged around the axis of the spline shaft; each of the material guide grooves passes through the outer circumferential surface of the adapter sleeve, the outer circumferential surface of the outer cylinder, and the surface of the polishing block away from the spline shaft.

[0021] In an embodiment, the elastic assembly comprises an upper insertion piece, a lower insertion piece, a rotating disc, and a compression spring.

[0022] The upper end of the upper insertion piece is inserted into the lower end of the spline shaft and can rotate synchronously with the spline shaft.

[0023] The lower end of the lower insertion piece is inserted into the hole bottom of the recess and can rotate synchronously with the drill bit.

[0024] The rotating disc is rotationally connected to the lower insertion piece around the axis of the spline shaft.

[0025] The upper end of the compression spring is fixedly connected to the upper insertion piece, and the lower end of the compression spring is fixedly connected to the rotating disc.

[0026] In an embodiment, the elastic assembly further comprises a telescopic rod and a pressure sensor, the upper end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the upper insertion piece, the lower end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the rotating disc, and the compression spring is sleeved on the telescopic rod.

[0027] The pressure sensor is placed inside the telescopic rod, the telescopic rod can be telescoped up and down, and the upper end of the telescopic rod can squeeze the pressure sensor during the process of telescoping downward; the pressure sensor is configured to trigger the electrically controlled rotating mechanism to stop driving the drill rod to rotate when the detected pressure value reaches a set value.

[0028] In an embodiment, a plurality of vertical grooves are uniformly and spacedly arranged along the circumference of the spline shaft, a plurality of recesses are uniformly and spacedly arranged along the circumference of the spline shaft, and the vertical grooves and the recesses are sequentially and alternately arranged; a plurality of the clamping blocks, a plurality of the recesses, and a plurality of the vertical grooves are one-to-one correspondingly arranged.

[0029] In an embodiment, the vertical groove has two groove walls opposite along the circumference of the spline shaft, and a damping strip is arranged on each of the two groove walls; the damping strips on the two groove walls are used to clamp the clamping block.

[0030] The exploration drilling machine can prevent the drill bit from running in high hardness geology for a long time under high strength overload, without damaging the mounting mechanism, and facilitates replacement of the drill bit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 The structure of the exploration drilling machine is shown in the figure.

[0032] Figure 2 The connection relationship between the mounting mechanism and the drill bit is shown in the figure.

[0033] Figure 3 The structure of the exploration drilling machine is shown in the figure. Figure 2 The structure of the exploration drilling machine is shown in the figure.

[0034] Figure 4 The structure of the exploration drilling machine is shown in the figure. Figure 2 The structure of the exploration drilling machine is shown in the figure.

[0035] Figure 5 The structure of the exploration drilling machine is shown in the figure. Figure 2 The structure of the exploration drilling machine is shown in the figure.

[0036] Figure 6 The structure of the exploration drilling machine is shown in the figure. Figure 5 The structure of the exploration drilling machine is shown in the figure.

[0037] Figure 7 The connection structure of the adapter sleeve, the outer cylinder, the polishing block, the push rod, the spring, and the elastic assembly is shown in the figure.

[0038] Figure 8 The connection structure of the polishing block, the push rod, the sliding plate, the sliding rod, and the spring is shown in the figure.

[0039] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0040] 10-lifting mechanism; 20-electric control rotating mechanism; 30-drill rod;

[0041] 1-adapter sleeve; 101-first through hole; 102-adapter sleeve groove section;

[0042] 2-spline shaft; 201-annular groove; 202-vertical groove; 2021-damping strip; 203-groove; 21-buffering and damping ring;

[0043] 3-outer cylinder; 301-second through hole; 302-outer cylinder groove section; 31-stop ring;

[0044] 4 - drill bit; 40 - concave hole; 401 - circumferential groove; 41 - clamping block; 42 - reinforcing rib;

[0045] 5 - elastic assembly; 51 - upper insert; 52 - lower insert; 53 - rotating disc; 54 - compression spring; 55 - telescopic rod;

[0046] 6 - polishing block; 601 - convex block; 602 - polishing block groove segment; 61 - push rod; 62 - sliding rod; 63 - spring; 64 - sliding plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to make the above objectives, features and advantages of the present application more apparent, specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be practiced in a number of different ways beyond the specific embodiments described herein and by one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and it is therefore intended that all such variations be considered as falling within the scope of the present application.

[0048] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that, if there are terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0049] In addition, if the terms "first", "second" appear, these terms are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features limited by "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, if the term "multiple" appears, the meaning of "multiple" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0050] In the present application, unless specifically defined otherwise, the terms "mount", "connect", "connection", "fixed", etc. should be construed broadly and can be understood as being inclusive of both direct and indirect connections. For example, a fixed connection can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection via an intermediate medium; a mechanical connection can be an electrical connection; a direct connection can be an indirect connection via an intermediate medium; and an internal connection between two elements can be an interaction between the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances by those of ordinary skill in the art.

[0051] In the present application, unless specifically defined otherwise, if there is a description such as "on" or "under" or the like between a first feature and a second feature, it can mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Moreover, "over", "above" and "on" of the first feature to the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in horizontal height than the second feature. "Under", "below" and "under" of the first feature to the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in horizontal height than the second feature.

[0052] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there can be an intermediate element. If an element is referred to as "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there can be an intermediate element. If present, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "up", "down", "left", "right", and similar expressions used in the present application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation.

[0053] Please refer to Figure 1 An embodiment of the present application provides a prospecting drilling machine, comprising: a lifting mechanism 10, an electric control rotating mechanism 20, a drill rod 30, a drill bit 4 and a mounting mechanism. The drill bit 4 is mounted on the lower end of the drill rod 30 through the mounting mechanism, the electric control rotating mechanism 20 is mounted on the output end of the lifting mechanism 10 and can move up and down through the driving of the lifting mechanism 10. The upper end of the drill rod 30 is mounted on the output end of the electric control rotating mechanism 20 and can rotate around its own axis through the driving of the electric control rotating mechanism 20. The specific structure of the lifting mechanism 10, the electric control rotating mechanism 20 and the drill rod 30 can refer to the prior art, which will not be described here.

[0054] In combination with Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6The upper end of the drill bit 4 is provided with a downwardly recessed recess hole 40, and the upper end of the drill bit 4 is provided with a clamping block 41 located on the inner peripheral side of the recess hole 40. The mounting mechanism comprises a spline shaft 2 and an elastic assembly 5.

[0055] With reference to Figure 7 The upper end of the spline shaft 2 is connected with the lower end of the drill rod 30, the spline shaft 2 is provided with an annular groove 201 around the outer periphery thereof, the outer peripheral surface of the spline shaft 2 is provided with a vertical groove 202 extending in the vertical direction and a downwardly recessed recess groove 203, the upper end of the vertical groove 202 and the upper end of the recess groove 203 are both communicated with the lower side of the annular groove 201, and the lower end of the vertical groove 202 penetrates through the lower end of the spline shaft 2 downwardly. The vertical groove 202 is used for moving up and down cooperation with the clamping block 41, the annular groove 201 is used for rotating cooperation with the clamping block 41, and the recess groove 203 is used for clamping cooperation with the clamping block 41.

[0056] Further combined Figure 5 And Figure 6 The upper end of the elastic assembly 5 is in abutment with the lower end of the spline shaft 2, and the lower end of the elastic assembly 5 is in abutment with the hole bottom of the recess hole 40. When the clamping block 41 is clamped and cooperated with the recess groove 203, the elastic assembly 5 is in a compressed state. When the clamping block 41 is located in the annular groove 201, the elastic assembly 5 allows the spline shaft 2 to rotate relative to the drill bit 4.

[0057] Since the recess groove 203 is downwardly recessed, when the clamping block 41 is clamped with the recess groove 203, the clamping block 41 is in abutment with the groove bottom of the recess groove 203 under the action of the gravity of the drill bit 4, so as to be able to support the drill bit 4. At the same time, since the elastic assembly 5 is in a compressed state, the elastic assembly 5 exerts a downward elastic force on the drill bit 4, so that the clamping block 41 on the drill bit 4 is in abutment with the groove bottom of the recess groove 203, thereby maintaining reliable connection with the spline shaft 2.

[0058] The above exploration drilling machine, when carrying out the downhole work, sets a fixed frame (not shown) in the exploration area where the drilling work needs to be carried out, and fixes the lifting mechanism 10 on the fixed frame. The lifting mechanism 10 drives the electric control rotating mechanism 20 to move downwardly, so that the electric control rotating mechanism 20 carries the drill rod 30 and the drill bit 4 to move downwardly; at the same time, the electric control rotating mechanism 20 drives the drill rod 30 to drive the drill bit 4 to rotate, thereby being able to gradually rotate and drill downwardly through the drill bit 4.

[0059] During normal drilling process of the exploration drilling rig, the clamping block 41 is in clamping cooperation with the groove 203, and the elastic assembly 5 is in compression. Through the clamping cooperation of the clamping block 41 and the groove 203, the drill bit 4 can rotate synchronously with the spline shaft 2. When the drill bit 4 drills into high-hardness geology, the drill bit 4 is blocked by the high-hardness geology and the drilling effect is weakened, so that the drill bit 4 cannot move downward or moves downward at a slow speed, while the spline shaft 2 continues to move downward normally under the driving of the lifting mechanism 10, thus, the spline shaft 2 and the drill bit 4 generate relative motion, that is, the spline shaft 2 moves downward relative to the drill bit 4. During the process that the spline shaft 2 moves downward relative to the drill bit 4, the elastic assembly 5 is further compressed, so that the elastic assembly 5 can play a buffering protection role between the spline shaft 2 and the drill bit 4.

[0060] Since the upper ends of the grooves 203 are all communicated with the lower side of the annular groove 201, during the process that the spline shaft 2 moves downward relative to the drill bit 4, the clamping block 41 can pass through the communication between the upper end of the groove 203 and the lower side of the annular groove 201, and thus enter the annular groove 201. Since the annular groove 201 is in rotating cooperation with the clamping block 41, during the process that the spline shaft 2 continuously rotates, the annular groove 201 rotates synchronously, while the clamping block 41 is not driven by the rotating driving force of the spline shaft 2, and the clamping block 41 rotates relatively in the annular groove 201, so that the drill bit 4 can be timely blocked by the high-hardness geology to reduce abrasion, and further prevent the drill bit 4 from running in high-hardness geology for a long time under high-intensity overload and damaging the mounting mechanism.

[0061] When the clamping block 41 is located in the annular groove 201, the electric control rotating mechanism 2 drives the spline shaft 2 to rotate, but the drill bit 4 is blocked by the high-hardness geology and does not rotate, so that the electric control rotating mechanism 2 can be controlled to stop driving the spline shaft 2 to rotate, and then the lifting mechanism 10 drives the electric control rotating mechanism 20 to move upward, so as to drive the drill pipe 30, the drill bit 4 mounted on the drill pipe 30 by the mounting mechanism, and the drill bit 4 to move upward together.

[0062] When the spline shaft 2 stops rotating, the clamping block 41 can be aligned with the groove 203, or the clamping block 41 is misaligned with the vertical groove 202 and the groove 203. In this way, during the process that the spline shaft 2 moves upward, under the elastic force of the elastic assembly 5 to the drill bit 4 downward and the gravity of the drill bit 4, the clamping block 41 falls into the groove 203 downward, or the clamping block 41 abuts against the groove wall of the annular groove 201 downward. In this way, during the process that the spline shaft 2 moves upward, the spline shaft 2 can drive the clamping block 41 and the drill bit 4 to move upward, and further make the mounting mechanism and the drill bit 4 move to above the ground as a whole. After the mounting mechanism and the drill bit 4 move to above the ground as a whole, the current drill bit 4 can be first detached from the mounting mechanism, and then a drill bit 4 with higher material hardness is replaced.

[0063] The process of dismounting the current drill bit 4 from the mounting mechanism is as follows: the drill bit 4 can be first lifted up by the jack so that the clamping block 41 on the drill bit 4 enters the annular groove 201 along the groove 203 of the spline shaft 2 (if the clamping block 41 is not in the groove 203, the drill bit 4 does not need to be lifted up by the jack, and only the drill bit 4 needs to be supported upward). Then the worker controls the drill rod 30 to rotate to drive the spline shaft 2 to rotate until the clamping block 41 on the drill bit 4 is aligned with the vertical groove 202 of the spline shaft 2, and then the worker lifts up the spline shaft 2 by the lifting mechanism 10, so that in the process of upward movement of the vertical groove 202, the clamping block 41 can be separated from the spline shaft 2 at the lower end of the vertical groove 202, thereby realizing the separation of the drill bit 4 from the spline shaft 2, that is, the dismounting of the drill bit 4 from the mounting mechanism.

[0064] The process of mounting the new drill bit 4 to the mounting mechanism is as follows: the worker uses the jack to lift the new drill bit 4 upward so that the clamping block 41 of the new drill bit 4 enters the annular groove 201 along the vertical groove 202 of the spline shaft 2. Then the worker controls the drill rod 30 to rotate to drive the spline shaft 2 to rotate, and the annular groove 201 rotates relative to the new drill bit 4 until the clamping block 41 on the new drill bit 4 is aligned with the groove 203 of the spline shaft 2. Then the worker removes the jack, and the new drill bit 4 falls under the action of gravity and the elastic force of the elastic assembly 5, and the clamping block 41 is clamped into the groove 203 of the spline shaft 2 downward, at this time the elastic assembly 5 is in a compressed state. In this way, the mounting of the new drill bit 4 to the mounting mechanism is completed.

[0065] As can be seen from the above, the exploration drilling machine can prevent the drill bit 4 from running in high-hardness geology for a long time under high-intensity overload, and will not damage the mounting mechanism, and the drill bit 4 can be conveniently replaced.

[0066] When the drill bit 4 is stopped by high-hardness geology and does not rotate, the electric control rotating mechanism 2 stops driving the spline shaft 2 to rotate, and the spline shaft 2 stops rotating, there is a small probability that the clamping block 41 is aligned with the vertical groove 202. In this way, in the process of upward movement of the spline shaft 2, under the action of the elastic force of the elastic assembly 5 on the drill bit 4 and the gravity of the drill bit 4, the clamping block 41 can be separated from the spline shaft 2 at the lower end of the vertical groove 202, causing the drill bit 4 to be unable to be brought out of the ground. In order to prevent this situation, please refer to Figure 6 In an embodiment, the vertical groove 202 has two groove walls opposite along the circumference of the spline shaft 2, and the two groove walls are respectively provided with damping strips 2021. The damping strips 2021 on the two groove walls are used to clamp the clamping block 41.

[0067] When the spline shaft 2 stops rotating, the clamping block 41 is aligned with the vertical slot 202, and under the elastic force of the elastic assembly 5 on the drill bit 4 and the gravity of the drill bit 4, the clamping block 41 enters the vertical slot 202 and is subjected to the friction force of the two damping strips 2021. The elastic force of the elastic assembly 5 on the drill bit 4 and the gravity of the drill bit 4 balance the friction force on the clamping block 41, so that the clamping block 41 cannot continue to move downward in the vertical slot 202, that is, the clamping block 41 is kept in the state of being clamped by the two damping strips 2021. In this way, the drill bit 4 can be moved out of the ground together with the spline shaft 2.

[0068] When the clamping block 41 is kept in the state of being clamped by the two damping strips 2021, the elastic force of the elastic assembly 5 can be 0, that is, the elastic assembly 5 is in a natural state at this time; of course, the elastic assembly 5 can still be in a compressed state.

[0069] It should be noted that during the process of dismounting the current drill bit 4 from the mounting mechanism and the process of mounting a new drill bit 4 to the mounting mechanism, after the clamping block 41 on the drill bit 4 is aligned with the vertical slot 202 of the spline shaft 2, an external force can be applied to the clamping block 41 and the drill bit 4 by means of a tool to overcome the friction force of the damping strips 2021, so that the clamping block 41 can move relatively along the vertical slot 202.

[0070] Please refer to Figure 5 In an embodiment, the elastic assembly 5 includes an upper plug 51, a lower plug 52, a rotating disc 53, and a compression spring 54.

[0071] The upper end of the upper plug 51 is plugged into the lower end of the spline shaft 2 and can rotate synchronously with the spline shaft 2. Specifically, the lower end face of the spline shaft 2 is provided with a first insertion hole (not shown), and the upper end of the upper plug 51 is plugged into the first insertion hole. The upper end of the upper plug 51 is circumferentially limited by the cooperation of the key and the key groove, so as to realize the synchronous rotation of the upper plug 51 and the spline shaft 2. The upper surface of the upper plug 51 abuts against the inner wall of the first insertion hole (i.e. the top of the inner wall of the first insertion hole), so as to realize the abutment of the elastic assembly 5 and the spline shaft 2.

[0072] The lower end of the lower plug 52 is plugged into the hole bottom of the recess hole 40 and can rotate synchronously with the drill bit 4. Specifically, the hole bottom of the recess hole 40 is provided with a second insertion hole (not shown), and the lower end of the lower plug 52 is plugged into the second insertion hole. The lower end of the lower plug 52 is circumferentially limited by the cooperation of the key and the key groove, so as to realize the synchronous rotation of the lower plug 52 and the drill bit 4. The lower end face of the lower plug 52 abuts against the hole bottom of the second insertion hole, so as to realize the abutment of the elastic assembly 5 and the hole bottom of the recess hole 40.

[0073] The rotating disc 53 is rotationally connected with the lower adapter 52 around the axis of the spline shaft 2. Specifically, the upper end of the lower adapter 52 extends to the upper side of the second insertion hole. The outer circumferential surface of the upper end of the lower adapter 52 is provided with a rotating groove which surrounds the outer circumferential surface of the upper end of the lower adapter 52. The rotating disc 53 is sleeved on the upper end of the lower adapter 52 and rotationally cooperates with the rotating groove, so that the rotating disc 53 is rotationally connected with the lower adapter 52 by rotating the rotating disc 53 relative to the rotating groove.

[0074] The upper end of the compression spring 54 is fixedly connected with the upper adapter 51, and the lower end of the compression spring 54 is fixedly connected with the rotating disc 53, so that the compression spring 54 is located between the upper adapter 51 and the rotating disc 53.

[0075] In the embodiment, when the clamping block 41 enters the annular groove 201, the clamping block 41 is not driven to rotate by the spline shaft 2, and when the drill bit 4 is stopped by the high-hardness geological formation, the lower adapter 52 also stops rotating with the drill bit 4. However, the rotating disc 53 can still rotate relative to the lower adapter 52, so that the upper adapter 51, the rotating disc 53 and the compression spring 54 can still rotate synchronously when the spline shaft 2 rotates. Therefore, when the drill bit 4 encounters the high-hardness geological formation, the drill bit 4 can be stopped by the high-hardness geological formation even if the spline shaft 2 still rotates, which prevents the drill bit 4 from running in high-intensity overload for a long time in the high-hardness geological formation and prevents damage to the mounting mechanism.

[0076] The compression spring 54 is located between the upper adapter 51 and the rotating disc 53. Therefore, when the compression spring 54 is in a compressed state, the compression spring 54 applies an elastic force downward to the rotating disc 53, so that the rotating disc 53 abuts against the groove wall of the rotating groove downward, and the elastic force can be sequentially transmitted to the drill bit 4 through the rotating disc 53, the lower adapter 52 and the compression spring 54, so that the drill bit 4 is subjected to the downward force from the compression spring 54.

[0077] Please refer to Figure 7 In an embodiment, the elastic assembly 5 further comprises a telescopic rod 55 and a pressure sensor (not shown), the upper end of the telescopic rod 55 is fixedly connected with the upper adapter 51, the lower end of the telescopic rod 55 is fixedly connected with the rotating disc 53, and the compression spring 54 is sleeved on the telescopic rod 55.

[0078] The pressure sensor is arranged in the telescopic rod 55, the telescopic rod 55 can be telescoped up and down, and the upper end of the telescopic rod 55 can squeeze the pressure sensor during the process of telescoping downward. The pressure sensor is configured to trigger the electrically-controlled rotating mechanism 20 to stop driving the drill rod 30 to rotate when the detected pressure value reaches a set value.

[0079] Specifically, when the drill bit 4 is blocked by high-hardness geology and the drilling effect is weakened, the upper insert 51 compresses the compression spring 54 during the further compression of the elastic assembly 5 during the downward movement of the spline shaft 2 relative to the drill bit 4, and the upper end of the telescopic rod 55 is retracted downward. The upper end of the telescopic rod 55 is retracted downward to press the pressure sensor. When the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor reaches the set value, it means that the clamping block 41 enters the annular groove 201, at which time the pressure sensor triggers the electric control rotating mechanism 20 to stop driving the drill rod 30 to rotate, i.e., the power-off stop rotation program is executed to stop the electric control rotating mechanism 20 from driving the spline shaft 2 to idle.

[0080] Further, since the pressure sensor is arranged inside the telescopic rod 55, the pressure sensor and the electric control rotating mechanism 20 can transmit signals through wireless connection. The wireless connection between the sensor and the electric control mechanism is a prior art, which will not be described in detail.

[0081] The set value can be stored in the electric control rotating mechanism 20, and when the detection result of the pressure sensor reaches the set value, the electric control rotating mechanism 20 executes the power-off stop rotation program.

[0082] In one embodiment, the telescopic rod 55 can include a first telescopic section (not shown) and a second telescopic section (not shown). The second telescopic section is a hollow tube. The upper end of the first telescopic section is fixedly connected with the upper insert 51, and the lower end of the second telescopic section is fixedly connected with the rotating disc 53. The upper end of the second telescopic section is sleeved on the lower end of the first telescopic section, and the first telescopic section can move up and down relative to the second telescopic section. When the first telescopic section moves downward relative to the second telescopic section, the entire telescopic rod 55 is shortened, and vice versa.

[0083] The pressure sensor is arranged inside the second telescopic section. In this way, the lower end of the first telescopic section can press the pressure sensor during the retraction of the upper end of the telescopic rod 55 (i.e., during the downward movement of the first telescopic section relative to the second telescopic section). The pressure sensor can be fixed to the inner side wall of the second telescopic section. For example, a mounting bracket can be welded on the inner side wall of the second telescopic section to fix the pressure sensor on the mounting bracket.

[0084] In other embodiments, the telescopic rod can also have other forms, for example, be made of elastic material. The pressure sensor is embedded inside the telescopic rod. The telescopic rod is elastically deformed during the shortening of the telescopic rod, so that the elastic force of the telescopic rod on the pressure sensor becomes greater and greater, i.e., the pressure sensor is subjected to elastic extrusion.

[0085] Please refer to Figure 2 In one embodiment, the mounting mechanism further includes the adapter sleeve 1, the outer cylinder 3, and the plurality of polishing blocks 6 arranged on the outer cylinder 3.

[0086] The adapter sleeve 1 is fixed to the lower end of the drill rod 30, and the adapter sleeve 1 is fixed to the upper end of the spline shaft 2. The adapter sleeve 1 is fixed to the upper end of the outer cylinder 3. In this way, when the drill rod 30 rotates, the adapter sleeve 1, the outer cylinder 3, and the spline shaft 2 can rotate synchronously. For details, please refer to Figure 2 The adapter sleeve 1 is provided with a plurality of first through holes 101 arranged along the circumference and spaced apart in sequence. Referring to Figure 3 The upper end of the side wall of the outer cylinder 3 is provided with a plurality of second through holes 102 arranged along the circumference and spaced apart in sequence. The adapter sleeve 1 and the outer cylinder 3 can be locked by passing the bolt through the first through hole 101 and the second through hole 102, and cooperating with the nut and the bolt. The bolt, the nut, the first through hole 101, and the second through hole 102 correspond one by one. In this way, by disassembling the nut and the bolt, the outer cylinder 3 can also be disassembled from the adapter sleeve 1.

[0087] The spline shaft 2 is inserted into the inside of the outer cylinder 3. A plurality of polishing blocks 6 are arranged around the outer periphery of the outer cylinder 3 in sequence and are spaced apart.

[0088] Since the drill rod 30 can drive the adapter sleeve 1, the outer cylinder 3, and the spline shaft 2 to rotate synchronously, the plurality of polishing blocks 6 on the outer cylinder 3 can polish the hole wall of the drilled hole at the same time during the process of the spline shaft 2 driving the drill bit 4 to drill. In this way, when the installation mechanism and the drill bit 4 move out of the ground, the hole wall is relatively smooth, which is convenient for moving out.

[0089] Referring to Figure 2 In an embodiment, the side surface of the polishing block 6 away from the spline shaft 2 is provided with a plurality of protrusions 601. Specifically, the plurality of protrusions 601 are arranged in an array, and the protrusion 601 can be a granular friction block. Thus, polishing is facilitated.

[0090] Please combine Figures 5 to 8 In some embodiments, the exploration drilling machine further comprises a push rod 61, a slide rod 62, and a spring 63.

[0091] The inside of the polishing block 6 is provided with a sliding groove, the push rod 61 is slidably connected with the sliding groove in a first direction, and the push rod 61 has an inner side surface 611 facing the spline shaft 2 and an outer side surface 612 away from the spline shaft 2. The sliding groove has an inner groove wall opposite to and abutting the inner side surface 611, and an outer groove wall abutting the outer side surface 612.

[0092] In a direction from top to bottom, the inner side surface 611 is inclined to the direction close to the spline shaft 2, and the outer side surface 612 is inclined to the direction close to the spline shaft 2. The first direction is the inclination direction of the inner side surface 611 and the outer side surface 612.

[0093] The upper end of the spring 63 is connected with the top of the groove wall of the sliding groove, and the lower end of the spring 63 is connected with the upper end of the push rod 61.

[0094] The upper end of the drill bit 4 is provided with a circumferential groove 401 around the axis of the spline shaft 2. The lower end of the push rod 61 is fixedly connected with the slide rod 62, and the slide rod 62 is in sliding fit with the circumferential groove 401 and can rotate along the circumferential groove 401.

[0095] The outer cylinder 3 is provided with a plurality of mounting grooves, and a plurality of polishing blocks 6 are correspondingly arranged in the plurality of mounting grooves. The polishing blocks 6 can move along the radial direction of the spline shaft 2, and specifically can move towards or away from the spline shaft 2.

[0096] In this embodiment, when the clamping block 41 is in clamping fit with the groove 203, the spline shaft 2, the drill bit 4 and the outer cylinder 3 rotate synchronously, so that the polishing blocks 6 on the outer cylinder 3 also rotate synchronously. The push rod 61, the slide rod 62 and the spring 63 rotate synchronously with the polishing blocks 6. The slide rod 62 does not produce relative motion with the circumferential groove 401. At this time, the spring 63 is in a compressed state. The slide rod 62 abuts against the bottom of the groove wall of the circumferential groove 401.

[0097] However, when the drill bit 4 drills into high-hardness geology, the spline shaft 2 moves downward relative to the drill bit 4, so that the clamping block 41 enters the annular groove 201, and the top of the groove wall of the slide groove presses the spring 63 downward, the spring 63 is further compressed and shortened, so that the polishing block 6 is in sliding fit with the push rod 61 through the slide groove, and the polishing block 6 moves relative to the push rod 61 in the first direction.

[0098] Since the inner side surface 611 inclines towards the spline shaft 2 in the direction from top to bottom, and the outer side surface 612 inclines towards the spline shaft 2 in the direction from top to bottom, the first direction is the inclination direction of the inner side surface 611 and the outer side surface 612. Therefore, in the process that the polishing block 6 moves relative to the push rod 61 in the first direction, the polishing block 6 moves downward and at the same time moves close to the spline shaft 2.

[0099] That is to say, in the process that the spline shaft 2 moves downward relative to the drill bit 4, the polishing block 6 moves close to the spline shaft 2 at the same time, that is, the position of the polishing block 6 is retracted in the radial direction of the spline shaft 2 and the outer cylinder 3, so as to increase the distance between the polishing block 6 and the hole wall of the hole. In this way, the installation mechanism and the drill bit 4 as a whole are conveniently and quickly moved upward from the ground.

[0100] In the process that the drill bit 4 is clamped and the spline shaft 2 idles, the circumferential groove 401 provided at the upper end of the drill bit 4 is stationary. The polishing block 6 rotates synchronously with the outer cylinder 3, and the push rod 61 and the slide rod 62 rotate synchronously with the polishing block 6. In this process, the slide rod 62 rotates along the circumferential groove 401, so as to realize the rotation of the slide rod 62 relative to the drill bit 4.

[0101] Please combine Figures 6 to 8In some embodiments, the exploration drilling machine further comprises a slide plate 64, an upper end of the slide plate 64 is fixedly connected with a lower end of the push rod 61, and a lower end of the slide plate 64 is fixedly connected with an upper end of the slide rod 62. The slide plate 64 is in abutment with the groove wall of the circumferential groove 401 on a side close to the spline shaft 2, and the slide plate 64 is in abutment with the groove wall of the circumferential groove 401 on a side away from the spline shaft 2. The slide plate 64 can rotate along the circumferential groove 401 synchronously with the slide rod 62.

[0102] Compared with the case where the slide plate 64 is not arranged, in the embodiment, the slide plate 64 is in abutment with the groove wall of the circumferential groove 401 on a side close to the spline shaft 2, and the slide plate 64 is in abutment with the groove wall of the circumferential groove 401 on a side away from the spline shaft 2, so that the slide plate 64 has a large contact area with the groove wall of the circumferential groove 401, thereby effectively enhancing the shear resistance effect of the slide rod 62. Specifically, in the process of sliding of the slide rod 62 along the circumferential groove 401, that is, in the process of polishing of the hole by the polishing block 6, when the polishing block 6 is subjected to a large reverse impact force from the hole wall, the reverse impact force will apply a shear force in the rotation direction to the slide rod 62 through the polishing block 6, at this time, the slide rod 62 is not easy to deform and be stuck in the circumferential groove 401 due to the effective support of the slide plate 64.

[0103] Reference Figure 2 And Figure 3 In an embodiment, the mounting mechanism is provided with a plurality of material guide grooves, and the plurality of material guide grooves are sequentially and spacedly arranged around the axis of the spline shaft 2. Each material guide groove passes through the outer circumferential surface of the adapter sleeve 1, the outer circumferential surface of the outer cylinder 3, and the surface on the side of the polishing block 6 away from the spline shaft 2.

[0104] Each material guide groove comprises an adapter sleeve groove segment 102, a polishing block groove segment 602, and an outer cylinder groove segment 302 which are in communication. The adapter sleeve groove segment 102 is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the adapter sleeve 1, the polishing block groove segment 602 is arranged on the surface on the side of the polishing block 6 away from the spline shaft 2, and the outer cylinder groove segment 302 is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the outer cylinder 3. One end of the adapter sleeve groove segment 102 is in communication with one end of the outer cylinder groove segment 302. The polishing block groove segment 602 is located on the extension path of the outer cylinder groove segment 302. Both ends of the polishing block groove segment 602 are in communication with the outer cylinder groove segment 302.

[0105] By arranging the material guide grooves, the debris generated in the drilling and polishing process can be discharged upward from the material guide grooves, the accumulation of debris in the hole is reduced, and the overall exploration drilling efficiency is improved.

[0106] Reference Figure 6In an embodiment, the mounting mechanism further comprises an elastic shock-absorbing ring 21, which is sleeved on the spline shaft 2 and located in the annular groove 201. The inner circumferential surface of the elastic shock-absorbing ring 21 tightly embraces the groove wall of the annular groove 201. The lower side of the elastic shock-absorbing ring 21 abuts against the upper surface of the clamping block 41. In this way, when the spline shaft 2 moves downward relative to the drill bit 4, the lower side of the elastic shock-absorbing ring 21 is pressed against the upper surface of the clamping block 41, and the elastic shock-absorbing ring 21 is elastically deformed, thereby being able to play a buffering protection role on the upper surface of the clamping block 41. The elastic shock-absorbing ring 21 can be made of an elastic material, such as rubber.

[0107] Please refer to Figure 6 In an embodiment, the mounting mechanism further comprises a blocking ring 31, which is sleeved on the spline shaft 2 and located between the outer cylinder 3 and the drill bit 4. The top surface of the blocking ring 31 tightly abuts against the lower end surface of the outer cylinder 3, and the inner circumferential surface of the blocking ring 31 tightly abuts against the outer circumferential surface of the drill bit 4.

[0108] During the process of jointly rotating the mounting mechanism and the drill bit 4 to drill a hole, the blocking ring 31 can block the debris and soil produced by drilling from entering between the outer cylinder 3 and the drill bit 4.

[0109] The blocking ring 31 and the lower end surface of the outer cylinder 3 can be fixedly connected. The blocking ring 31 and the drill bit 4 can move up and down relative to each other.

[0110] Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 7 The vertical grooves 202 are a plurality of vertical grooves, and the recesses 203 are a plurality of recesses. The plurality of vertical grooves 202 are uniformly and spacedly arranged along the circumference of the spline shaft 2, the plurality of recesses 203 are uniformly and spacedly arranged along the circumference of the spline shaft 2, and the vertical grooves 202 and the recesses 203 are alternately arranged. The plurality of clamping blocks 41, the plurality of recesses 203, and the plurality of vertical grooves 202 are one-to-one correspondingly arranged.

[0111] In this way, the plurality of clamping blocks 41 cooperate with the plurality of recesses 203, so that the spline shaft 2 and the drill bit 4 are reliably connected and the stress is balanced. During the process of moving up and down by cooperating with the plurality of vertical grooves 202, respectively, the plurality of clamping blocks 41 are beneficial to stable and smooth movement.

[0112] The technical features of the above-described embodiments can be combined in any manner. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described, but as long as the combinations of the technical features do not exist contradictions, they should be considered as the scope of the present disclosure.

[0113] The above embodiments only express several implementation ways of the present application, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as a limitation to the patent scope of the application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled persons in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. An exploration drilling rig, characterized in that The utility model relates to a kind of exploration drilling machine, including: lifting mechanism, electric control rotating mechanism, drill rod, drill bit and mounting mechanism;The upper end of the drill bit is equipped with the concave hole that is concave downward, the upper end of the drill bit is equipped with clamping block, the clamping block is located in the inner peripheral side of the concave hole;The mounting mechanism includes spline shaft and elastic component, The upper end of the spline shaft is connected with the lower end of the drill rod, the spline shaft is equipped with annular groove around its outer periphery, the outer peripheral surface of the spline shaft is equipped with vertical slot extending along vertical direction and concave groove that is concave downward, the upper end of the vertical slot and the upper end of the concave groove are all communicated with the lower side of the annular groove, the lower end of the vertical slot penetrates the lower end of the spline shaft downward;The vertical slot is used for moving up and down with the clamping block, the annular groove is used for rotating with the clamping block, the concave groove is used for clamping with the clamping block; The upper end of the elastic component is in abutment with the lower end of the spline shaft, the lower end of the elastic component is in abutment with the hole bottom of the concave hole;When the clamping block is clamped with the concave groove, the elastic component is in compression state; When the clamping block is located in the annular groove, the elastic component allows the spline shaft to rotate relative to the drill bit; The elastic component includes: upper part insert piece, lower part insert piece, rotating disc and compression spring;The upper end of the upper part insert piece is inserted in the lower end of the spline shaft, and can rotate synchronously with the spline shaft;The lower end of the lower part insert piece is inserted in the hole bottom of concave hole, and can rotate synchronously with the drill bit;The rotating disc is rotationally connected with the lower part insert piece around the axis of the spline shaft;The upper end of the compression spring is fixedly connected with the upper part insert piece, and the lower end of the compression spring is fixedly connected with the rotating disc; The mounting mechanism further includes adapter sleeve, outer cylinder and multiple polishing blocks arranged in the outer cylinder;The adapter sleeve is fixedly connected with the lower end of the drill rod, the adapter sleeve is fixedly connected with the upper end of the spline shaft, and the adapter sleeve is fixedly connected with the upper end of the outer cylinder;The spline shaft is inserted into the inner part of the outer cylinder;Multiple polishing blocks are sequentially and spacedly arranged around the outer periphery of the outer cylinder.

2. The exploration drilling machine according to claim 1, wherein The elastic component further includes telescopic rod and pressure sensor, the upper end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the upper part insert piece, the lower end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the rotating disc, and the compression spring is sleeved on the telescopic rod; The pressure sensor is arranged in the inner part of the telescopic rod, the telescopic rod can be telescoped up and down, and the upper end of the telescopic rod can squeeze the pressure sensor during the process of being contracted downward;The pressure sensor is configured to trigger the electric control rotating mechanism to stop driving the drill rod to rotate when the detected pressure value reaches a set value. Further comprising push rod, slide rod and spring;The polishing block is internally provided with sliding groove, the push rod is slidably connected with the sliding groove in a first direction, and the push rod has an inner side surface facing the spline shaft and an outer side surface facing away from the spline shaft;The sliding groove has an inner groove wall opposite to and abutting the inner side surface, and an outer groove wall abutting the outer side surface.

3. A rig as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that, ​ The inner side is inclined towards the direction close to the spline shaft, and the outer side is inclined towards the direction close to the spline shaft; the first direction is the inclination direction of the inner side and the outer side; The upper end of the spring is connected with the top of the groove wall of the sliding groove, and the lower end of the spring is connected with the upper end of the push rod; the upper end of the drill bit is provided with a circumferential groove around the axis of the spline shaft; the lower end of the push rod is fixedly connected with the sliding rod, and the sliding rod is in sliding fit with the circumferential groove and can rotate along the circumferential groove; The outer cylinder is provided with a plurality of mounting grooves, and a plurality of the polishing blocks are correspondingly mounted in the mounting grooves, and the polishing blocks can move towards or away from the spline shaft along the radial direction of the spline shaft.

4. A rig as claimed in claim 3, characterised in that, Further comprising a sliding plate, the upper end of the sliding plate is fixedly connected with the lower end of the push rod, and the lower end of the sliding plate is fixedly connected with the upper end of the sliding rod; The side of the sliding plate close to the spline shaft is in contact with the groove wall of the circumferential groove, and the side of the sliding plate away from the spline shaft is in contact with the groove wall of the circumferential groove.

5. The exploration rig of claim 1, wherein, The mounting mechanism further comprises a retaining ring, the retaining ring is sleeved on the spline shaft and located between the outer cylinder and the drill bit; The top surface of the retaining ring is in close contact with the lower end surface of the outer cylinder, and the inner circumferential surface of the retaining ring is in close contact with the outer circumferential surface of the drill bit.

6. The exploration rig of claim 1, wherein, The mounting mechanism is provided with a plurality of material guide grooves, and the material guide grooves are arranged in sequence and spaced apart around the axis of the spline shaft; each material guide groove passes through the outer circumferential surface of the adapter sleeve, the outer circumferential surface of the outer cylinder and the surface on the side of the polishing block away from the spline shaft.

7. The exploration rig of claim 1, wherein, A plurality of the vertical grooves are uniformly and spacedly arranged along the circumference of the spline shaft, a plurality of the recesses are uniformly and spacedly arranged along the circumference of the spline shaft, and the vertical grooves and the recesses are arranged alternately; a plurality of the clamping blocks, a plurality of the recesses and a plurality of the vertical grooves are correspondingly arranged.

8. The exploration rig of claim 1, wherein, The vertical groove has two groove walls opposite along the circumference of the spline shaft, and a damping strip is arranged on each of the two groove walls; the damping strips on the two groove walls are used for clamping the clamping blocks.

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