A structural dynamic response experimental device and test method based on fuel detonation mode

Abstract

The present invention relates to a structural dynamic response experimental device and test method based on a fuel detonation mode, including a detonation simulation component, a tooling for a material to be tested, at least one set of pressure monitoring units, a strain monitoring unit, a deformation visualization component and a control system; the detonation simulation component is used to drive liquid fuel in an open space to form and ignite a combustible cloud, generating a detonation shock wave from the explosion center to the surroundings. The detonation shock wave impacts the material to be tested to truly simulate and feedback the real detonation situation without interference, ensuring the accurate analysis of the subsequent dynamic response characteristics of the material to be tested, while monitoring all pressure data, strain data and strain history images under the detonation impact, so as to analyze the structural dynamic response of the material under actual detonation conditions in a multi-dimensional manner, and the device and method have good controllability and repeatability, and can evaluate the performance of the material to be tested in different detonation environments, providing data support for the subsequent safety evaluation and design optimization of the material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of detonation impact protection, and in particular to a structural dynamic response experimental device and a testing method based on a fuel detonation mode. Background Art

[0002] The primary and dominant hazard factor of explosive loads is the explosion shock wave effect, which is formed by the rapid expansion of the detonation products, which strongly compress the surrounding air medium, causing its pressure and density to jump rapidly. The shock wave overpressure can compress and damage important organs such as the chest, abdomen, and brain of the human body. At the same time, the throwing effect caused by impulse and dynamic pressure will also cause the human brain and bones to bear huge impacts, causing serious injuries or even death. Therefore, the safety protection of explosion shock waves has always been an important issue in the field of emergency response in countries around the world. Explosion-proof protective materials for explosion shocks must have strong load-bearing and lightweight properties, be able to withstand strong dynamic load impacts multiple times, and their own structures will not be greatly deformed or damaged. Especially in the fields of aerospace, as the requirements for safety protection increase, the performance evaluation of explosion-proof materials has become increasingly important.

[0003] However, the explosion-proof performance test of explosion-proof materials in the prior art is generally to test the ability of explosion-proof materials to withstand and absorb explosion shock waves. This requires building a small-sized closed detonation system to simulate the explosion environment during the experiment, such as a detonation tube, an explosion ball, etc., and then placing the material to be tested in the above-mentioned closed detonation system for testing. However, at present, the performance test device and method of explosion-proof materials are relatively scarce and single, and there are few studies on the structural dynamic response characteristics of explosion-proof materials under explosion environments. This is because the existing explosion experiments for the performance test of explosion-proof materials are mostly carried out in low-cost and low-risk closed environments, resulting in the structural dynamic response test results of the material cannot fully reflect the actual explosion situation. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device and method that can perform structural dynamic response experiments on explosion-proof materials under strong dynamic load impact environments, so as to truly feedback the dynamic impact response of explosion-proof materials under the impact of explosions under actual battlefield conditions or various accidental explosion accidents, evaluate their performance under explosion impact, and provide data support for safety assessment. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art, thereby providing a structural dynamic response experimental device and a testing method based on a fuel detonation mode.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A structural dynamic response experimental device based on a fuel detonation mode, comprising a detonation simulation component, a tooling for a material to be tested, at least one set of a pressure monitoring unit, a strain monitoring unit, a deformation visualization component and a control system;

[0007] The detonation simulation component is used to drive liquid fuel in an open space to form a combustible cloud, and ignite the combustible cloud to generate a detonation shock wave from the explosion center to the surrounding areas;

[0008] The material to be tested is installed in the material to be tested fixture with the front surface facing the detonation shock wave, and the material to be tested fixture and the pressure monitoring unit are fixedly arranged around the explosion center and located on the same wave front of the detonation shock wave;

[0009] The strain monitoring unit is arranged on the rear surface of the material to be tested;

[0010] The deformation visualization component is arranged opposite to the rear surface of the material to be tested, and is used to obtain a strain history image of the material to be tested under the action of the detonation simulation component;

[0011] The control system is communicatively connected with the detonation simulation component, the pressure monitoring unit, the strain monitoring unit and the deformation visualization component.

[0012] Furthermore, the detonation simulation component includes a tube body, a nozzle and an ignition part. The tube body contains liquid fuel. The nozzle is connected to the tube body and is used to spray out the liquid fuel and form the combustible cloud. The ignition part is spaced apart from the nozzle to ignite the combustible cloud after the combustible cloud is formed.

[0013] Furthermore, the detonation simulation component further comprises a high-pressure gas source input device and a movable blocking portion, the tube body comprises a first end and a second end, the first end is sealedly connected to the high-pressure gas source input device, the second end is sealedly connected to the nozzle, the tube body is sequentially filled with driving gas, a driving liquid medium and a liquid fuel from the first end to the second end, and the movable blocking portion is movably sealed with the inner wall of the tube body to separate the driving liquid medium and the liquid fuel;

[0014] The high-pressure gas source input device is used to fill the first end of the tube body with high-pressure gas to push the propulsion liquid medium together with the driving gas, and then push the movable blocking part, so that the liquid fuel is sprayed out from the nozzle to form a combustible cloud.

[0015] Furthermore, the detonation simulation assembly further comprises a blocking portion restraining mechanism, wherein the blocking portion restraining mechanism has a locking state for restraining the position of the movable blocking portion and a releasing state for releasing the restraint of the movable blocking portion;

[0016] The inlet end of the driving section is provided with a pressure gauge, the pressure gauge is used to monitor the driving gas pressure to a preset value, and the blocking part constraint mechanism is used to switch the blocking part constraint mechanism to a released state when the pressure gauge reaches the preset value. Further, the strain monitoring unit includes a strain gauge and at least two strain gauges attached to the rear surface of the material to be tested, one of the strain gauges is attached to the center of the rear surface of the material to be tested, and the other strain gauges are spaced from the strain gauges located at the center of the rear surface of the material to be tested, and the strain gauges are communicatively connected to the strain gauges.

[0017] Further, the deformation visualization component includes a high-speed camera and a high-speed camera protection frame, and the high-speed camera protection frame is arranged between the tooling of the material to be tested and the high-speed camera;

[0018] A tempered glass observation window is embedded in the high-speed camera protection frame, and the centers of the material to be tested, the tempered glass observation window and the lens of the high-speed camera are located on the same axis.

[0019] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention also adopts the following technical solutions:

[0020] A structural dynamic response test method based on a fuel detonation mode is applicable to any of the structural dynamic response test devices based on a fuel detonation mode described above, and comprises the following steps:

[0021] Setting step: setting detonation test parameters, wherein the detonation test parameters at least include driving gas pressure, liquid fuel volume and detonation distance;

[0022] Detonation start step: controlling the detonation simulation component to generate a detonation shock wave from the explosion center to the surrounding areas in an open space;

[0023] Data acquisition steps: obtain all pressure data, all strain data and all strain history images generated during the detonation period, and analyze the structural dynamic response characteristics of the material to be tested under the current detonation environment.

[0024] Furthermore, the detonation starting step specifically includes the following steps: filling the driving gas with high-pressure gas until the pressure reaches a preset value, switching the blocking part constraint mechanism to a released state, the liquid propulsion medium is pushed by the driving gas and then pushes the movable blocking part, the movable blocking part pushes the liquid fuel to be ejected from the nozzle to form the combustible cloud, and the control system controls the ignition part to ignite the combustible cloud to generate a detonation shock wave from the explosion center to the surrounding area in an open space.

[0025] Furthermore, it also includes the establishment of a detonation environment database:

[0026] Adjust any one or more of the detonation experiment parameters, execute the detonation start step, obtain all pressure data generated in the detonation time period through the pressure monitoring unit, and obtain detonation shock wave characteristic data and corresponding relationship, wherein the detonation shock wave characteristic includes the pressure peak value and positive pressure action time of the detonation shock wave characteristic;

[0027] Repeat the above steps to obtain multiple groups of detonation shock wave characteristic data and corresponding relationships, and then establish a detonation environment database.

[0028] Furthermore, it also includes the comparative analysis steps of the structural dynamic response characteristics of the tested material under different detonation environments:

[0029] Adjust the detonation test parameters based on the detonation environment database, execute the setting step, the detonation starting step and the data acquisition step, and obtain the structural dynamic response characteristics of the material to be tested under different detonation environments;

[0030] The above steps are repeated multiple times to obtain the structural dynamic response characteristics of multiple groups of materials to be tested under different detonation environments, and the structural dynamic response characteristics of multiple groups of materials to be tested under different detonation environments are compared and analyzed.

[0031] In summary, compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0032] A structural dynamic response experimental device based on a fuel detonation mode comprises a detonation simulation component, a material tooling to be tested, at least one set of pressure monitoring units, a strain monitoring unit, a deformation visualization component and a control system; the detonation simulation component is used to drive liquid fuel in an open space to form a combustible cloud, and ignite the combustible cloud to generate a detonation shock wave from the explosion center to the surroundings, so as to simulate a real detonation environment; the material tooling to be tested is installed with a material to be tested whose front surface faces the detonation shock wave, the material tooling to be tested and the pressure monitoring unit are fixedly arranged around the explosion center and located on the same wavefront of the detonation shock wave, so as to ensure synchronous reception of the detonation shock wave, so that the pressure monitoring unit The measured pressure data can accurately reflect the detonation pressure borne by the material to be tested; the strain monitoring unit is arranged on the rear surface of the material to be tested to capture the strain change of the material to be tested during detonation without blocking the detonation shock wave and interfering with the structural dynamic response of the material to be tested; the deformation visualization component is arranged directly on the rear surface of the material to be tested to obtain the strain history image of the material to be tested; the control system is communicatively connected with the detonation simulation component, the pressure monitoring unit, the strain monitoring unit and the deformation visualization component to comprehensively monitor all pressure data, strain data and strain history images of the material to be tested under the detonation shock. This device uses the detonation shock wave formed by the detonation simulation component in the open space to impact the material to be tested, truly simulates and feedbacks the real detonation situation without interference, avoids the detonation shock wave interference on the material to be tested in many aspects such as reflection and interference, ensures the subsequent accurate analysis of the dynamic response characteristics of the structure of the material to be tested, and then combines all the pressure data, strain data and strain history images to analyze the structural dynamic response of the material to be tested under actual detonation conditions in multiple dimensions. In addition, this device has good controllability and repeatability, and can evaluate the performance of the material to be tested in different detonation environments, greatly reducing the cost and danger of explosion impact experiments, and providing data support for the subsequent safety evaluation and design optimization of explosion-resistant materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0034] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a structural dynamic response experimental device based on a fuel detonation mode provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2It is a schematic structural diagram of a detonation simulation component provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tooling for testing materials provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a pressure monitoring unit provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 5 The figure is a cross-sectional view of a pressure sensor provided in one embodiment of the present invention during assembly.

[0039] Figure 6 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the installation of a strain gauge rosette provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 7 The present invention is a flow chart of the structural dynamic response testing method based on the fuel detonation mode.

[0041] Figure 8 A flowchart of comparative analysis steps of a structural dynamic response test method based on a fuel detonation mode provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Description of reference numerals:

[0043] 1. Detonation simulation component; 11. Tube body; 12. Nozzle; 13. Ignition part; 14. High-pressure gas source input device; 15. Movable blocking part; 16. Blocking part restraint mechanism; 17. Pressure gauge;

[0044] 2. Tooling for materials to be tested; 21. First mounting bracket; 22. Pressing member; 23. Test piece of materials to be tested;

[0045] 3. Pressure monitoring unit; 31. Pressure sensor; 32. Second mounting bracket; 33. Sensor mounting seat; 34. Mounting plate; 35. Sensor pressing member;

[0046] 4. Strain monitoring unit; 41. Strain rosette; 42. Strain gauge;

[0047] 5. Deformation visualization component; 51. High-speed camera; 52. High-speed camera protection frame;

[0048] 6. Control system;

[0049] 7. Protective wall. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0052] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0053] As attached Figure 1 As shown, a structural dynamic response experimental device based on fuel detonation mode includes a detonation simulation component 1, a material tooling 2 to be tested, at least one set of pressure monitoring units 3, a strain monitoring unit 4, a deformation visualization component 5 and a control system 6;

[0054] The detonation simulation component 1 is used to drive liquid fuel in an open space to form a combustible cloud, and ignite the combustible cloud to generate a detonation shock wave from the explosion center to the surrounding areas, so as to simulate a real detonation environment;

[0055] The material to be tested is installed in the material to be tested fixture 2, with the front surface facing the detonation shock wave. The material to be tested fixture 2 and the pressure monitoring unit 3 are fixedly arranged around the explosion center and are located on the same wavefront of the detonation shock wave, that is, the center height of the material to be tested and the height between the monitoring points of the pressure monitoring unit 3 and the distance to the explosion center are equal, so as to ensure synchronous reception of the detonation shock wave, so that the pressure data measured by the pressure monitoring unit 3 can accurately reflect the detonation pressure borne by the material to be tested;

[0056] The strain monitoring unit 4 is arranged on the rear surface of the material to be tested to capture the strain change of the material to be tested during detonation;

[0057] The deformation visualization component 5 is installed directly on the rear surface of the material to be tested, and is used to obtain the strain history image of the material to be tested under the action of the detonation simulation component, so as to intuitively display the deformation process of the material to be tested;

[0058] The control system 6 is connected to the detonation simulation component 1, the pressure monitoring unit 3, the strain monitoring unit 4 and the deformation visualization component 5 to ensure the precise control of the experimental process and the synchronization of data acquisition. It is worth noting that the control system 6 can have data acquisition capabilities by itself, or it can be connected to a data acquisition instrument to first collect data and then transmit it to the control system 6.

[0059] Specifically, the device first controls the detonation simulation component 1 through the control system 6 to use the combustible cloud generated by it to form a detonation shock wave in an open space to impact the material to be tested fixed on the material tooling 2 to be tested. When the detonation begins and the combustible cloud is ignited, the pressure monitoring unit 3, the strain monitoring unit 4 and the deformation visualization component 5 begin to comprehensively monitor all pressure data, strain data and strain history images of the material to be tested under the impact of the detonation. After the experiment, all the collected pressure data, strain data and strain history images are analyzed in multiple dimensions to evaluate the dynamic impact response characteristics of the material to be tested under actual detonation conditions. Among them, since there are obstacles around the material to be tested in the detonation simulation, the shock wave generated by the explosion will experience complex reflection and interference phenomena, which are significantly different from the actual explosion environment. These may affect the actual stress of the explosion-proof material, and then affect the analysis results of its dynamic response characteristics. Therefore, the open space in this application refers to a space without a reflective surface within the detonation distance, which can diffuse to the surrounding areas without constraints to simulate the detonation environment, so as to truly simulate the feedback of the real detonation situation without interference, avoid the interference of the detonation shock wave on the test material in many aspects such as reflection and interference, and ensure the accurate analysis of the dynamic response characteristics of the subsequent material to be tested. It is worth noting that even if there are obstacles around the closed space, if the distance between the obstacles and the explosion center exceeds the detonation distance, that is, it has no effect on the normal propagation and diffusion of the detonation shock wave, the closed space in this case is equivalent to the open space in this application. In addition, the device supports multiple repeated tests, which can evaluate the performance of the material to be tested in different detonation environments, and provide data support for the safety assessment and design optimization of subsequent anti-explosion materials.

[0060] It is worth noting that there are many ways for the detonation simulation component 1 to generate a combustible cloud, such as using high-pressure gas to apply pressure to the liquid fuel so that the liquid fuel forms fine droplets or mist clouds; or, an ultrasonic vibrator is set inside the detonation simulation component 1, and the liquid fuel is made to produce tiny bubbles and burst through high-frequency vibrations within the ultrasonic frequency range, thereby spraying out an extremely fine mist cloud; or, an electromagnetic valve is used to control intermittent high-pressure injection pulses to spray the liquid fuel in batches to form a series of discrete mist clouds, etc., which are not limited here. The mist cloud is mixed with the air in the open space to form a combustible cloud, and then the generated combustible cloud is ignited to form a detonation shock wave from the explosion center to the surrounding area to simulate a real detonation environment. Among them, the ignition timing is 50-150ms after the combustible cloud is generated.

[0061] In certain embodiments of the present invention, as shown in the attached Figure 2 As shown, the detonation simulation assembly 1 includes a tube body 11, a nozzle 12 and an ignition part 13. Liquid fuel is contained in the tube body 11. The nozzle 12 is connected to the tube body 11 and is used to spray the liquid fuel and form a combustible cloud. The ignition part 13 is spaced apart from the nozzle 12. When the ignition timing is reached, the control system 6 controls the ignition part 13 to ignite the combustible cloud. Preferably, the ignition part 13 is provided with at least two electric sparks of different heights around the nozzle 12 to obtain a more uniform explosion effect.

[0062] In certain embodiments of the present invention, as shown in the attached Figure 2 As shown, the detonation simulation component 1 also includes a high-pressure gas source input device 14 and a movable blocking portion 15, and the tube body 11 has a first end and a second end. The first end is sealed and connected to the high-pressure gas source input device 14 to prevent gas leakage from the connection gap to affect the subsequent liquid fuel pushing effect, thereby failing to achieve the expected concentration of the combustible cloud, and interfering with the expected effect of the detonation simulation experiment. The second end is sealed and connected to the nozzle 12 to prevent liquid fuel from leaking from the connection, and to avoid igniting the leaked liquid fuel during ignition to damage the detonation simulation component 1 or affect the safety of the experiment. The tube body 11 is filled with driving gas, driving liquid medium and liquid fuel in sequence from the first end to the second end, and the movable blocking portion 15 is movably sealed with the inner wall of the tube body 11 to separate the driving liquid medium and the liquid fuel; the high-pressure gas source input device 14 is used to fill the first end of the tube body 11 with high-pressure gas to push the driving liquid medium together with the driving gas, thereby pushing the movable blocking portion 15 to move toward the nozzle 12, so that the liquid fuel is ejected from the nozzle 12 and mixed with the air to form a combustible cloud. By adjusting the driving gas pressure and the volume of the liquid fuel, the pressure and speed during the injection process can be accurately controlled, and then the concentration and size of the combustible cloud can be adjusted to produce different detonation shock waves to simulate different detonation environments. In addition, the high-pressure gas source input device 14 can be a compressor, a high-pressure gas cylinder, or other equipment that can provide a stable high-pressure gas source.

[0063] In certain embodiments of the present invention, the detonation simulation component 1 further includes a protection part, which is arranged on the outer periphery of the tube body 11 to protect the internal components of the tube body 11, to prevent the tube body 11 from being damaged by detonation during the experiment, and to specifically play the role of isolation and buffering, effectively extending the service life of the detonation simulation component 1, so that the detonation simulation component 1 can be repeatedly used. Among them, the protection part can be arranged in a manner that a shell made of high-strength material is arranged around the outer periphery of the tube body 11, or the tube body 11 can be placed below the ground and the nozzle 12, the ignition part 13 and the high-pressure gas source input device 14 are exposed above the ground, or other methods that can protect the tube body 11 are not limited here.

[0064] It is worth noting that when the detonation simulation component 1 is reused subsequently, the movable blocking portion 15 can be restored to its original position first, and then the liquid fuel can be refilled through the fuel addition hole reserved on the nozzle 12. In addition, a pressure relief valve (not marked, the pipeline in the figure is only for reference) is provided between the high-pressure gas source input device 14 and the pipeline connected to the first end, so as to facilitate the discharge of the driving gas of the original experimental conditions when preparing to repeat the experiment, so as to prepare for the next round of simulation of the detonation environment and the formation of a combustible cloud.

[0065] In certain embodiments of the present invention, in order to ensure that the movable blocking part 15 does not move unnecessarily before the appropriate time, and to ensure that the movable blocking part 15 can be in the same position in each experiment, the detonation simulation assembly 1 also includes a blocking part constraint mechanism 16, and the blocking part constraint mechanism 16 has a locking state for constraining the position of the movable blocking part 15 and a release state for releasing the constraint of the movable blocking part 15. In addition, a pressure gauge 17 is also provided in the first end, and the pressure gauge 17 is used to monitor the driving gas pressure to a preset value. The driving gas pressure is the total pressure after the driving gas is mixed with the high-pressure gas source. When the driving gas pressure reaches the preset value, it means that the movable blocking part 15 can be activated to propel the liquid fuel. The blocking part constraint mechanism 16 is used to switch from the locked state to the released state through the control system 6 when the pressure gauge 17 reaches a preset value. At this time, the movable blocking part 15 moves with the liquid driving medium, thereby pushing the liquid fuel to be ejected from the nozzle 12, ensuring that the movable blocking part 15 starts to move at the appropriate time point, avoiding the movable blocking part 15 from pushing the liquid fuel prematurely due to the force of the driving gas starting in advance, and ensuring the quality of the combustible cloud and the reliability of the experiment. In addition, when the detonation simulation component 1 is reused, after the movable blocking part 15 is pushed back to the original position, the blocking part constraint mechanism 16 is restarted to lock it in the original experimental position. It is worth noting that there are many ways for the blocking part constraint mechanism 16 to limit the movement of the movable blocking part 15, such as a latch type, a buckle type, a chain lock, etc., which can play the role of switching the locked state and the released state when the detonation simulation device 1 is running, and is not limited here.

[0066] In certain embodiments of the present invention, in order to enable the material tooling 2 to better fix the material to be tested and to make the front surface of the material to be tested always face the incoming flow direction of the detonation shock wave during the detonation process, the material tooling 2 to be tested includes a clamping piece 22 and a first mounting bracket 21. The first mounting bracket 21 is provided with a limiting groove to install a specimen 23 of the material to be tested, and the limiting groove is a hollow structure to expose the rear surface of the material to be tested, which is convenient for monitoring strain data and strain history images. The clamping piece 22 is detachably arranged in the limiting groove. The clamping piece 22 is a hollow structure, and a hole slightly smaller than the material specimen 23 to be tested is opened in the center, so that only the edge parts of the material specimen 23 to be tested are fixed on the first mounting bracket 21 around it, ensuring that the force at the center of the material specimen 23 to be tested is as little as possible from the constraint of the edge, so as to prevent the dynamic structural response characteristics of the material specimen 23 to be tested from being affected by the pressure applied by the clamping piece 22 during the detonation. During installation, first place the material specimen 23 to be tested into the limiting groove of the first mounting bracket 21, then use the clamping piece 22 to stick to the front surface of the material specimen 23 to be tested and press it tightly on the first mounting bracket 21, and connect the clamping piece 22 to the first mounting bracket 21 through a standard screw, so that the front surface of the material specimen 23 to be tested is exposed and faces the direction of the shock wave flow, and will not slide in the axial and radial directions. Preferably, the lower part of the first mounting bracket 21 adopts a triangular support structure, and more preferably, it is welded by a standard specification hollow steel pipe to improve stability and ensure that it will not deform or move in an environment where it is subjected to multiple explosion shocks. After changing the detonation conditions, multiple experiments can be repeated, which improves the completion efficiency of the control experiment.

[0067] In certain embodiments of the present invention, as shown in the attached Figure 4As shown, the pressure monitoring unit 3 includes a pressure sensor 31, a second mounting bracket 32, a sensor mounting seat 33 and a sensor fixing assembly. The sensing end of the pressure sensor 31 is the location of the monitoring point, and the pressure sensor 31 is preferably a piezoelectric sensor. The second mounting bracket 32 ​​is used to fix the pressure sensor 31, and the second mounting bracket 32 ​​adopts a structure consistent with the first mounting bracket 21 to ensure that the height position of the pressure sensor 31 is consistent with the center of the test material specimen 23 to be tested, so that the pressure data measured by the pressure monitoring unit 3 can accurately reflect the detonation pressure borne by the test material. And it is also preferred that the lower part of the second mounting bracket 32 ​​also adopts a triangular support structure, and more preferably, it is welded by a standard specification hollow steel pipe to improve stability and ensure that it will not deform or move in an environment where it is repeatedly subjected to explosion impacts. After changing the detonation working conditions, multiple experiments can be repeated, which improves the completion efficiency of the control experiment. The sensor mounting seat 33 is used to accommodate the pressure sensor 31, and the material of the sensor mounting seat 33 is selected from organic glass, and has insulating properties. The sensor fixing assembly includes a sensor clamp 35 and a mounting plate 34. The sensor fixing assembly is detachably connected to the second mounting bracket 32 ​​and is used to fix the sensor mounting seat 33 to the second mounting bracket 32. A stepped hole is opened at the same height as the center of the mounting plate 34 and the center of the material specimen 23 to be tested. A through hole is processed at the center of the sensor clamp 35 to facilitate the passage of the wire of the pressure sensor 31, and the sensor mounting seat 33 is installed in the stepped hole of the mounting plate 34, flush with the front surface of the mounting plate 34, and an internal thread matching the pressure sensor 31 is processed inside. The pressure sensor 31 is assembled together with the insulated sensor mounting seat 33 through the thread, and is installed together in the stepped hole in the center of the mounting plate 34, flush with the front surface of the mounting plate 34. The assembly diagram is shown in the attached figure. Figure 5 As shown. Preferably, the sensor pressing member 35 and the mounting plate 34 are made of solid metal plates. During installation, the front surface of the sensor mounting seat 33 and the monitoring point of the pressure sensor 31 are flush and face the direction of the shock wave flow. The pressure sensor 31 is connected to the control system 6 through an adapter and records data, thereby realizing real-time monitoring of all pressure data under the detonation state.

[0068] In certain embodiments of the present invention, as shown in the attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 6As shown, the strain monitoring unit 4 includes a strain gauge 42 and at least two strain gauges 41 attached to the rear surface of the material to be tested. Each strain gauge 41 includes at least two strain gauges to at least measure the strain changes of the test specimen 23 of the material to be tested in the X-axis and Y-axis directions. One strain gauge 41 is attached to the center of the rear surface of the material to be tested, and the remaining strain gauges 41 are arranged at intervals from the strain gauge 41 located at the center of the rear surface of the material to be tested, so as to analyze the deformation mode of the material during the loading process and other related dynamic structural response characteristics by comparing the strain data obtained at the center and other positions. Specifically, the strain gauge 41 is attached to the center of the rear surface of the material to be tested, and the other strain gauges 41 can be set at the right center of the strain gauge 41 located at the center, or at the upper side and other surrounding positions, which are not limited here. The strain gauge 41 is connected to the control system 6 through communication with the strain gauge 42, and data is recorded, thereby realizing real-time monitoring of all strain data in the detonation state.

[0069] In certain embodiments of the present invention, as shown in the attached Figure 1 As shown, the deformation visualization component 5 includes a high-speed camera 51 and a high-speed camera protection frame 52. The high-speed camera 51 is connected to the control system 6 through a switch. The high-speed camera protection frame 52 is arranged between the tooling of the material to be tested and the high-speed camera 51 to achieve physical protection for the high-speed camera 51. The high-speed camera protection frame 52 is embedded with a tempered glass observation window. The centers of the material to be tested, the tempered glass observation window and the lens of the high-speed camera 51 are located on the same axis to accurately obtain all strain history images of the material to be tested under the action of the detonation simulation component 1 and observe the dynamic deformation process of the structure of the material to be tested.

[0070] In some embodiments of the present invention, in order to protect the control system 6 from being affected by the detonation shock wave, a protection is provided between the deformation visualization component 5 and the control system 6, and the protection is preferably provided in the form of a protection wall 7 or a protection cover to block the detonation shock wave. Further, when the device in some embodiments includes any one or a combination of a switch, a strain gauge 42 and an adapter, it is also protected together with the control system 6.

[0071] In addition to the above-mentioned structural dynamic response experimental device based on the fuel detonation mode, the present invention also provides a testing method based on the operation of the above-mentioned structural dynamic response experimental device based on the fuel detonation mode. The experimental method corresponds to the above-mentioned experimental device, and the experimental method described below and the experimental device described above can be referenced to each other.

[0072] As attached Figure 7 As shown, a structural dynamic response test method based on a fuel detonation mode is applicable to a structural dynamic response experimental device based on a fuel detonation mode in any embodiment, and comprises the following steps:

[0073] Setting step: setting the detonation test parameters, which at least include the driving gas pressure, the liquid fuel volume and the detonation distance, wherein the driving liquid pressure is the pressure of driving the liquid fuel to form a combustible cloud, the liquid fuel volume is the volume of the added liquid fuel, and the detonation distance is the distance from the explosion center to the center of the material to be tested;

[0074] Detonation start-up steps: controlling the detonation simulation components to generate a detonation shock wave from the explosion center to the surrounding areas in an open space;

[0075] Data acquisition step: obtain all pressure data, all strain data and all strain history images generated in the detonation time period, wherein all pressure data are obtained by using the pressure monitoring unit 3, strain data of all materials to be tested are obtained by using the strain monitoring unit 4, and all strain history images of the materials to be tested in the detonation time period are obtained by using the deformation visualization component 5, and the structural dynamic response characteristics of the materials to be tested under the current detonation environment are analyzed based on all pressure data, strain data and strain history images, wherein the detonation time period is the time period from the beginning of ignition of the combustible cloud to the end of the detonation impact. Furthermore, the shooting frame rate set by the high-speed camera 51 during the experiment needs to be recorded. It is worth noting that the analysis of all pressure data can be directly analyzed by the change of data values, or the control system 6 can be controlled to draw a pressure time history curve based on all pressure data for more intuitive analysis. Similarly, the analysis of all strain data can be directly analyzed by the change of data values, or the control system 6 can be controlled to draw a strain time history curve based on all strain data for more intuitive analysis.

[0076] In certain embodiments of the present invention, the detonation start step specifically includes the following steps: opening the high-pressure gas source input device 14 to fill the driving gas with high-pressure gas until the pressure gauge 17 reaches the preset driving gas pressure value, switching the blocking part constraint mechanism 16 to the release state through the control system 6, at this time, the liquid driving medium is pushed by the driving gas and then pushes the movable blocking part 15, and the movable blocking part 15 continues to push the liquid fuel to spray out from the nozzle 12 to form a combustible cloud, and when the ignition time is reached, the control system 6 emits an ignition signal, opens the ignition part 13 to ignite the combustible cloud to generate a detonation shock wave from the explosion center to the surroundings in an open space, and realizes the loading of the material to be tested. In addition, when the control system 6 emits the ignition signal, the detonation excitation signal is synchronously connected to the control system 6 as a trigger signal for the pressure data, strain data and strain history image. Further, after the experiment is completed, the pressure relief valve is used to remove the pressure of the driving gas, the position of the movable blocking part 15 is reset, and the experimental device is cleaned and arranged after the device is stable.

[0077] In some embodiments of the present invention, it is also necessary to install and functionally check the components in the device before the experiment begins. Specifically, the material tooling 2, the pressure monitoring unit 3 and the strain monitoring unit 4 are installed according to the above-mentioned arrangement, wherein the installation method of the strain gauge 41 is preferably as follows: first, the function and measurement range of the strain gauge 41 are confirmed to be normal, and the position of the strain gauge 41 on the back of the material specimen 23 to be tested is polished with sandpaper to increase the roughness of the pasting position so that the strain gauge 41 is more firmly pasted, and adhesive is applied to the surface of the strain gauge 41 and the polished position of the material specimen 23 to be tested, and at least two strain gauges 41 are respectively pasted on the rear surface of the material specimen 23 to be tested that is not directly impacted by the detonation shock wave, and silicone rubber is coated on the back of the strain gauge 41 to isolate the temperature influence in the experiment. When performing functional inspections on various components, it is necessary to use a gas tank to apply gas impact force at the monitoring point of the pressure sensor 31, observe the changes in the collected pressure signal and verify the accuracy of the pressure sensor 31; connect the strain rosette 41 and the strain gauge 42, observe the measurement signal, and ensure that the strain data can be accurately collected; test the high-speed camera 51, observe the shooting situation, ensure that the high-speed camera 51 can work normally, and ensure that the high-speed camera 51 can capture the complete deformation process of the test material specimen 23.

[0078] In some embodiments of the present invention, the process of establishing a detonation environment database is also included: at this time, the device does not need to install the material tooling 2 to be tested and the strain monitoring unit 4. Adjust any one or more detonation test parameters, execute the detonation start step, obtain all pressure data generated in the detonation time period through the pressure monitoring unit 3, obtain the detonation shock wave characteristic data and the corresponding relationship, and the detonation shock wave characteristic includes the pressure peak value and the positive pressure action time of the detonation shock wave characteristic; repeat the above steps, obtain multiple sets of detonation shock wave characteristic data and the corresponding relationship, and then establish a detonation environment database. It can be understood that adjusting any one or more of the detonation test parameters, i.e. adjusting any one or more of the driving gas pressure, the liquid fuel volume and the detonation distance, adjusting the driving gas pressure and / or the liquid fuel volume can change the concentration and size of the combustible cloud, and thus change the pulse width (i.e. the positive pressure action time, the positive pressure action time is the time required to affect things under a gas state with a pressure higher than that of normal pressure) and intensity (i.e. the overpressure peak value, the overpressure peak value is the maximum pressure increment generated when the detonation shock wave reaches the monitoring during the detonation process) of the shock wave of the pressure data result. Adjusting the detonation distance can change the load size borne by the pressure monitoring unit 3 to correspond to the load size borne by the subsequent material to be tested.

[0079] It should be noted that the structural dynamic response experimental method based on the fuel detonation mode provided by the present invention pre-builds a detonation environment database to provide data support for the required detonation conditions of the subsequent materials to be tested. In subsequent experiments, the driving gas pressure, liquid fuel volume and detonation distance can be directly adjusted according to the required detonation conditions, which has strong versatility. In addition, in order to meet different detection requirements or ensure the accuracy of the analysis results, the user can also choose to update the detonation environment database every time or at intervals, and adjust and optimize according to the actual situation, which is not limited here.

[0080] In certain embodiments of the present invention, the step of comparing and analyzing the structural dynamic response characteristics of the material to be tested under different detonation environments is also included: adjusting the detonation experiment parameters based on the detonation environment database, executing the setting step, the detonation start step and the data acquisition step, and obtaining the structural dynamic response characteristics of the material to be tested under different detonation environments; repeating the above steps multiple times to obtain the structural dynamic response characteristics of multiple groups of materials to be tested under different detonation environments, and comparing and analyzing the structural dynamic response characteristics of multiple groups of materials to be tested under different detonation environments.

[0081] In certain embodiments of the present invention, as shown in the attached Figure 8As shown, the specific steps of the comparative analysis of the structural dynamic response characteristics of the test material under different detonation environments are as follows: first, the equipment is installed and debugged, that is, the detonation simulation component and the pressure monitoring unit 3 are installed first, and by changing the detonation test parameters and monitoring all pressure data through the pressure monitoring unit 3, multiple sets of detonation shock wave characteristic data and corresponding relationships are obtained to simulate different detonation environments and establish a detonation environment database. Then, the tooling of the material to be tested is installed at a suitable detonation distance, and the strain monitoring unit 4 is installed, and the functionality of each component is checked to ensure that the device can be normally tested and then prepare for the experiment. When the experiment begins, the detonation experiment parameters required for this experiment are retrieved from the detonation environment database for preset, the high-pressure gas source input device 14 is turned on to fill the driving gas with high-pressure gas until the pressure gauge 17 reaches the preset driving gas pressure value, and the blocking part constraint mechanism 16 is switched to the release state through the control system 6. At this time, the liquid driving medium is pushed by the driving gas and then pushes the movable blocking part 15, and the movable blocking part 15 continues to push the liquid fuel to be ejected from the nozzle 12 to form a combustible cloud. When the ignition timing is reached, the control system 6 emits an ignition signal, and the ignition part 13 is turned on to ignite the combustible cloud to generate a detonation shock wave from the explosion center to the surroundings in an open space, so as to realize the loading of the material to be tested. In addition, when the control system 6 emits the ignition signal, the detonation excitation signal is synchronously connected to the control system 6 as a trigger signal for the pressure data, strain data and strain history image. After the detonation is completed, the pressure relief valve is used to remove the pressure of the driving gas, and the position of the movable blocking part 15 is reset. After the device is stable, the experimental device is cleaned and arranged. The experimental conditions (detonation test parameters, high-speed camera 51 shooting frame rate), all pressure data, all strain data and strain history images of the experiment are obtained, and the structural dynamic response characteristics of the material to be tested under the currently set detonation environment are analyzed. Finally, the test conditions, i.e., the detonation test parameters, are adjusted based on the detonation environment database, and the control experiment is repeated to record and analyze the structural dynamic response characteristics of multiple groups of materials to be tested under different detonation environments.

[0082] In summary, the structural dynamic response test method based on the fuel detonation mode provided by the embodiment of the present invention can simulate the real detonation situation without interference by executing the setting step and the explosion start step, and obtain all the pressure data, all the strain data and all the strain history images generated in the detonation time period through the data acquisition step, and combine the dynamic impact response characteristics of the tested material under the current detonation environment to effectively evaluate the performance of the tested explosion-proof material under the detonation impact, and provide data support for the safety assessment of the explosion-proof material. Furthermore, the method can also adjust the detonation test parameters to conduct multiple experiments to simulate different detonation environments, and then can compare and analyze the structural dynamic response characteristics of multiple groups of tested materials under different detonation environments, and provide analysis results support for material performance and optimization design, etc., solving the current problem of difficulty in repeatedly testing the dynamic response of the structure under strong dynamic load impact environment.

[0083] The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by technicians in this field on the basis of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A structural dynamic response experimental device based on fuel detonation mode, characterized in that: It includes a detonation simulation component, a tooling for the material to be tested, at least one set of pressure monitoring units, a strain monitoring unit, a deformation visualization component and a control system; The detonation simulation component is used to drive liquid fuel in an open space to form a combustible cloud, and ignite the combustible cloud to generate a detonation shock wave from the explosion center to the surrounding areas; The material to be tested is installed in the material to be tested fixture with the front surface facing the detonation shock wave, and the material to be tested fixture and the pressure monitoring unit are fixedly arranged around the explosion center and located on the same wave front of the detonation shock wave; The strain monitoring unit is arranged on the rear surface of the material to be tested; The deformation visualization component is arranged opposite to the rear surface of the material to be tested, and is used to obtain a strain history image of the material to be tested under the action of the detonation simulation component; The control system is communicatively connected with the detonation simulation component, the pressure monitoring unit, the strain monitoring unit and the deformation visualization component.

2. The structural dynamic response experimental device based on fuel detonation mode according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The detonation simulation component includes a tube body, a nozzle and an ignition part. The tube body contains liquid fuel. The nozzle is connected to the tube body and is used to spray out the liquid fuel and form the combustible cloud. The ignition part is spaced apart from the nozzle so as to ignite the combustible cloud after the combustible cloud is formed.

3. The structural dynamic response experimental device based on fuel detonation mode as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The detonation simulation component further includes a high-pressure gas source input device and a movable blocking portion, the tube body has a first end and a second end, the first end is sealedly connected to the high-pressure gas source input device, the second end is sealedly connected to the nozzle, the tube body is filled with driving gas, a driving liquid medium and a liquid fuel in sequence from the first end to the second end, and the movable blocking portion is movably sealed with the inner wall of the tube body to separate the driving liquid medium and the liquid fuel; The high-pressure gas source input device is used to fill the first end of the tube with high-pressure gas to The driving gas together pushes the driving liquid medium, thereby pushing the movable blocking part, so that The liquid fuel is sprayed out from the nozzle to form a combustible cloud.

4. The structural dynamic response experimental device based on fuel detonation mode as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: The detonation simulation assembly further comprises a blocking portion restraining mechanism, wherein the blocking portion restraining mechanism has a locking state for restraining the position of the movable blocking portion and a releasing state for releasing the restraint of the movable blocking portion; A pressure gauge is provided at the inlet end of the driving section, and the pressure gauge is used to monitor the driving gas pressure to a preset value. The blocking part constraint mechanism is used to switch the blocking part constraint mechanism to a released state when the pressure gauge reaches the preset value.

5. The structural dynamic response experimental device based on fuel detonation mode according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The strain monitoring unit includes a strain gauge and at least two strain rosettes attached to the rear surface of the material to be tested, one of the strain rosettes is attached to the center of the rear surface of the material to be tested, and the other strain rosettes are spaced from the strain rosette located at the center of the rear surface of the material to be tested, and the strain gauge is communicatively connected to the strain rosette.

6. The structural dynamic response experimental device based on fuel detonation mode according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The deformation visualization component includes a high-speed camera and a high-speed camera protection frame, and the high-speed camera protection frame is arranged between the tooling of the material to be tested and the high-speed camera; A tempered glass observation window is embedded in the high-speed camera protection frame, and the centers of the material to be tested, the tempered glass observation window and the lens of the high-speed camera are located on the same axis.

7. A structural dynamic response test method based on fuel detonation, characterized in that: The structural dynamic response experimental device based on the fuel detonation mode used in any one of claims 1 to 6 comprises the following steps: Setting step: setting detonation test parameters, wherein the detonation test parameters at least include liquid fuel volume and detonation distance; Detonation start step: controlling the detonation simulation component to generate a detonation shock wave from the explosion center to the surrounding areas in an open space; Data acquisition steps: obtain all pressure data, all strain data and all strain history images generated during the detonation period, and analyze the structural dynamic response characteristics of the material to be tested under the current detonation environment.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The detonation start step specifically includes the following steps: filling the driving gas with high-pressure gas until the pressure reaches a preset value, switching the blocking part restraining mechanism to a released state, the liquid propulsion medium being pushed by the driving gas to push the movable blocking part, the movable blocking part pushes the liquid fuel to be ejected from the nozzle to form the combustible cloud, and the control system controls the ignition part to ignite the combustible cloud to generate a detonation shock wave from the explosion center to the surroundings in an open space.

9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that It also includes the establishment of a detonation environment database: Adjust any one or more of the detonation experiment parameters, execute the detonation start step, obtain all pressure data generated in the detonation time period through the pressure monitoring unit, and obtain detonation shock wave characteristic data and corresponding relationship, wherein the detonation shock wave characteristic includes the pressure peak value and positive pressure action time of the detonation shock wave characteristic; Repeat the above steps to obtain multiple groups of detonation shock wave characteristic data and corresponding relationships, and then establish a detonation environment database.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that It also includes the comparative analysis steps of the structural dynamic response characteristics of the tested material under different explosion environments: Adjust the detonation test parameters based on the detonation environment database, execute the setting step, the detonation starting step and the data acquisition step, and obtain the structural dynamic response characteristics of the material to be tested under different detonation environments; The above steps are repeated multiple times to obtain the structural dynamic response characteristics of multiple groups of materials to be tested under different detonation environments, and the structural dynamic response characteristics of multiple groups of materials to be tested under different detonation environments are compared and analyzed.

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