Method for realizing deepwater work of electrodynamic transducer

Abstract

The invention discloses an electrodynamic transducer deepwater work implementation method, which is characterized in that an electrodynamic transducer, a pressure balancing device and a gas-electric hybrid umbilical cable form a deepwater electrodynamic sound simulator system, and during work, the electrodynamic transducer is matched with the pressure balancing device to realize complete balance of internal pressure and external pressure of the electrodynamic transducer; the gas-electric hybrid umbilical cable is a transmission medium of gas-electric signals; before the deepwater electrodynamic sound simulator system works, a pressure balance device is set to carry out upper and lower pressure difference limit values of pressurization and pressure relief operation; the electrodynamic transducer is composed of a vibration exciter, a radiation cover plate, a shell, a decoupling sealing ring and a balance rubber bag, and an internal air pressure sensor and an external water pressure sensor are installed on the electrodynamic transducer. Through cooperation of the pressure balancing device and the balancing rubber bag, the working water depth can reach the pressure resistance limit of a rubber bag material, complete balance of internal pressure and external pressure of the electrodynamic transducer under the deep water condition can be achieved, the working water depth of the electrodynamic transducer is increased, and the electrodynamic transducer has wide use prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of pressure compensation, and in particular relates to a method for realizing deep-water operation of an electric transducer. Background Art

[0002] The electric transducer is an ideal electric transducer for realizing broadband low-frequency sound radiation, but the electric transducer also has the problem of shallow working water depth and large variation of sound performance with working water depth.

[0003] With the continuous development of hydroacoustic measurement, underwater noise simulation, deep sea detection and other fields, the demand for low-frequency transmitting electric transducers is increasing, and the working depth requirements for electric transducers are also getting higher and higher.

[0004] Electric transducers have unique advantages in achieving low-frequency broadband transmission, especially low-frequency sound signals below 100Hz, which mostly use electric transducers as stable output sound sources.

[0005] The acoustic performance of electric transducers reported in China in shallow water is comparable to that of foreign countries, but the designed working depth does not exceed 100m, while the working depth of foreign electric transducers can reach 200m. There have been no reports of electric transducers working in water depths exceeding 200m at home or abroad.

[0006] The patent with the authorization number CN102075828B discloses an underwater very low frequency broadband sound source, in which a rubber airbag is installed inside the rear shell of the electric transducer housing, and the electric transducer is pressure-adaptively balanced by the airbag.

[0007] The patent with authorization number CN104038862B discloses an electric underwater acoustic emission electric transducer, which uses an external air pressure control system to adjust the internal air pressure of the electric transducer, and adjusts the internal air pressure of the air spring according to the output of the displacement sensor to make the piston radiation surface in a balanced position.

[0008] Most existing electric transducers use a passive airbag pressure compensation method. The airbag is at the tail end of the electric transducer. As the water depth increases, the airbag is gradually pressed into the middle section of the shell by the external water pressure. In the extreme case, the airbag is completely pressed into the middle section of the shell, and the reduction in the volume of the gas inside the electric transducer is the sum of the tail end and the middle section of the shell. Define the cavity volumes of the front end, middle section, and tail end of the shell as Vq, Vz, and Vw, respectively. According to the ideal gas state equation (without considering temperature changes), the internal limit pressure of the electric transducer can be obtained as:

[0009]

[0010] p0 is the initial pressure inside the electric transducer

[0011] If you want to increase the ultimate pressure that the electric transducer can withstand, in addition to increasing the initial pressure, you also need to consider increasing the volume of the air supply part (the middle and tail end of the shell) and reducing the cavity volume of the working part (the front end of the shell). The support of the active part at the front end of the electric transducer is flexible. If the initial pressure inside the electric transducer is too large, the support structure of the electric transducer will be damaged. Therefore, the increase in initial pressure is extremely limited. To ensure the low-frequency performance of the electric transducer, it is necessary to ensure that the radiation cover of the electric transducer has a certain axial activity space, such as 10mm, which will result in a cavity volume of at least 10mm in the front section of the electric transducer. If you want to continue to improve the working water depth of the electric transducer on this basis, you can only consider increasing the volume of the tail airbag. The increase in the volume of the tail airbag will inevitably cause the overall size of the electric transducer to increase. For example, the cavity volume of the front section of the electric transducer is 1L. To achieve the pressure resistance of the electric transducer at a water depth of 1000m, the airbag volume will be as high as 1000L, which is inconvenient for the manufacture, transportation and use of the electric transducer.

[0012] The external pressure control system can only control the internal and external pressure difference of the electric transducer within a certain range, but cannot achieve a complete balance of the internal and external pressure difference. For the electric transducer, the lower limit of the operating frequency depends on the stiffness of its internal support structure. The lower the stiffness, the lower the working frequency. The lower the stiffness, the easier it is for the support structure to deform under the action of the internal and external pressure difference. When the deformation is too large, the dynamic coil will move out of the linear working area, and the nonlinear distortion of the electric transducer will be large. In severe cases, the support structure will be damaged. Therefore, for electric transducers with low operating frequencies, if only an external pressure control system is used to balance the internal and external pressures of the electric transducer, the internal and external pressure difference of the electric transducer needs to be controlled within a very small range. The control system needs to make pressure adjustment instructions based on the information returned by the displacement sensor. The pressure adjustment takes a certain amount of time, such as 10 seconds. If the electric transducer works in an environment with poor sea conditions, the operating ship has a large heave and sink amplitude, and the heave and sink cycle is short, such as 5 seconds, then the control system rate will not be able to keep up with the sinking rate, which will cause the internal and external pressure difference of the electric transducer to become unstable, and the electric transducer cannot work normally.

[0013] By using an external pressure control system in conjunction with an internal airbag, the working water depth of the electric transducer is increased, and the problem of instability of the internal and external pressure difference of the electric transducer is effectively solved;

[0014] If the internal pressure of the electric transducer is completely adjusted by the pressure balancing device, and the tail of the electric transducer adopts a rigid shell, the balance system adjusts the internal and external pressure difference to an interval value and cannot achieve complete balance. For example, the internal and external pressure difference is 0.01Mpa, the diameter of the radiation cover is 200mm, and the pressure on the radiation cover is 314N. The driving force of the electric transducer is 500N, and the actual exciting force is only 186N, which seriously affects the radiation efficiency. If the internal and external pressure difference reaches 0.02Mpa, the pressure on the radiation cover is 628N, the driving force of the electric transducer cannot overcome the pressure and the electric transducer cannot work.

[0015] If the pressure is completely balanced by a balancing rubber bag, the volume of the rubber bag is limited (such as 20L). In order to ensure sound radiation, the end of the electric transducer needs to have a certain amount of activity space (such as 1L). If the rubber bag is completely flattened, the air compression ratio is 21:1. The initial pressure in the inner cavity of the electric transducer is one atmosphere. The maximum working water depth of the electric transducer is 210m. Summary of the invention

[0016] In view of the above-mentioned technical deficiencies, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for realizing deep-water operation of an electric transducer. Through the cooperation of a pressure balancing device and a balancing rubber bag, the working water depth can reach the pressure resistance limit of the rubber bag material itself, and the internal and external pressures of the electric transducer under deep-water conditions can be completely balanced, which greatly improves the working water depth of the electric transducer and has broad application prospects.

[0017] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a method for realizing deep-water operation of an electric transducer, comprising an electric transducer, a pressure balancing device, and an air-electric hybrid umbilical cable to form a deep-water electric acoustic simulator system; when working, the electric transducer cooperates with the pressure balancing device to achieve complete balance of internal and external pressures of the electric transducer, and the air-electric hybrid umbilical cable is a transmission medium for air-electric signals; before the deep-water electric acoustic simulator system works, the upper and lower limits of the pressure difference for the pressure balancing device to perform pressurization and pressure relief operations are set; the electric transducer is composed of an exciter, a radiation cover plate, an outer shell, a decoupling sealing ring, and a balancing rubber bag, and an internal air pressure sensor and an external water pressure sensor are installed on the electric transducer, which has a certain ability to withstand internal and external pressures.

[0018] Preferably, the pressure balancing device is composed of an air compressor, an air tank, a controller, a control panel, a charging valve, and a pressure relief valve. The air compressor can inject high-pressure gas into the air tank; the control panel screen can display the external water pressure, internal air pressure, depth, air tank pressure, and pressure balance range of the underwater equipment; human-computer interaction is performed through the control panel to set the air pump starting pressure, set the air pump stopping pressure, and set the upper and lower limits of the internal and external pressure difference of the underwater equipment.

[0019] Preferably, when the deepwater electric acoustic simulator system is working, when the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the electric transducer is less than the lower limit value, the inflation valve is briefly opened, the gas tank is connected to the electric transducer, and the high-pressure gas in the gas tank is pressed into the electric transducer through the gas-electric hybrid umbilical cable to increase the internal air pressure of the electric transducer; when the pressure difference is greater than the upper limit value, the pressure relief valve is briefly opened, the electric transducer is connected to the atmosphere, and the excess gas inside the electric transducer is discharged into the atmosphere through the gas-electric hybrid umbilical cable to reduce the internal pressure of the electric transducer. The electric transducer is ensured to be in a slightly positive pressure state at all times through inflation and pressure relief.

[0020] Preferably, the upper and lower limits of the pressure difference for the pressure balancing device to perform pressure charging and pressure releasing operations are 0.01 to 0.03 MPa.

[0021] Preferably, for an electric transducer with a low supporting structure stiffness, it is considered to install a limiting structure at a certain distance outside the radiation cover plate to limit excessive displacement of the radiation cover plate.

[0022] Preferably, if the expected working water depth of the electric transducer is 300m, it can be lowered to 290m. At this time, the internal pressure of the electric transducer is 2.91-2.93Mpa. Then the pressure balancing device is closed and the electric transducer is released to 300m. During the release process, the external pressure gradually exceeds the internal pressure. At this time, the balancing rubber bag is pressurized, the electric transducer cavity is compressed, and the internal air pressure is completely balanced with the external pressure.

[0023] Preferably, the electric transducer is balanced at a water depth of 7 to 9 m by a balancing rubber bag. When the depth of the electric transducer fluctuates by ±5 m due to the external environment, the pressure of the rubber bag can be adjusted to keep the electric transducer always in a state of internal and external pressure balance.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows: through the cooperation of the pressure balancing device and the balancing rubber bag, the working water depth of the present invention can reach the pressure resistance limit of the rubber bag material itself, and the internal and external pressures of the electric transducer under deep water conditions can be completely balanced, which greatly improves the working water depth of the electric transducer and has broad application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 The working flow chart of the deepwater electrodynamic acoustic simulator system of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electric transducer in the present invention;

[0027] Among them: 1. Vibrator, 2. Radiation cover, 3. Head shell, 4. Middle shell, 5. Tail shell, 6. Decoupling rubber ring, 7. Balance rubber bag. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] A method for realizing deep-water operation of an electric transducer, such as Figure 1 As shown, the deepwater electric acoustic simulator system is composed of an electric transducer, a pressure balancing device, a gas-electric hybrid umbilical cable, etc. When working, the electric transducer cooperates with the pressure balancing device to achieve complete balance of the internal and external pressures of the electric transducer, and the gas-electric hybrid umbilical cable is the transmission medium of the gas-electric signal.

[0031] like Figure 2 As shown, the electric transducer is composed of an exciter 1, a radiation cover plate 2, a housing, a decoupling seal ring 6, and a balance rubber bag 7. An internal air pressure sensor and an external water pressure sensor are installed on the electric transducer. The electric transducer has a certain ability to withstand internal and external pressures (for example, 0.1Mpa). The housing includes a head housing 3, an intermediate housing 4, and a tail housing 5.

[0032] The pressure balance device consists of an air compressor, an air tank, a controller, a control panel, a charging valve, a pressure relief valve, etc. The air compressor can inject high-pressure gas into the air tank. The control panel screen can display the external water pressure, internal air pressure, depth of the underwater equipment, the pressure of the air tank, and the pressure balance range. Through the control panel, human-computer interaction can be performed to set the air pump start pressure, set the air pump stop pressure, and set the upper and lower limits of the internal and external pressure difference of the underwater equipment.

[0033] Example 2

[0034] Before the deepwater electric acoustic simulator system is put into operation, the pressure balance device is set to perform upper and lower limits of the pressure difference for pressure charging and pressure relief operations, for example, 0.01 to 0.03 MPa.

[0035] When the deepwater electric acoustic simulator system is working, when the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the electric transducer is less than 0.01Mpa, the inflation valve is opened briefly, the gas tank is connected to the electric transducer, and the high-pressure gas in the gas tank is pressed into the electric transducer through the gas cable to increase the internal air pressure of the electric transducer; when the pressure difference is greater than 0.03Mpa, the pressure relief valve is opened briefly, the electric transducer is connected to the atmosphere, and the excess gas inside the electric transducer is discharged into the atmosphere through the gas cable to reduce the internal pressure of the electric transducer. The electric transducer is always in a slightly positive pressure state through inflation and pressure relief. For electric transducers with low supporting structure stiffness, it is possible to consider installing a limit structure at a certain distance outside the radiation cover to limit excessive displacement of the radiation cover.

[0036] Considering the expected working water depth of the electric transducer, such as 300m, it can be lowered to 290m. At this time, the internal pressure of the electric transducer is 2.91~2.93Mpa, and then the balancing device is closed, and the electric transducer is released to 300m. During the release process, the external pressure gradually exceeds the internal pressure. At this time, the balancing rubber bag is pressurized, the electric transducer cavity is compressed, and the internal air pressure is completely balanced with the external pressure. The electric transducer is balanced by the balancing rubber bag at a water depth of 7~9m. When the electric transducer fluctuates in depth due to the external environment, such as ±5m, the electric transducer can be adjusted by the rubber bag pressure to keep the electric transducer always in a state of internal and external pressure balance.

[0037] The main innovative features of the present invention are as follows:

[0038] 1. The present invention adopts a pressure balancing device to adjust the internal pressure of the electric transducer, ensuring that the internal and external pressures of the electric transducer are always in a nearly balanced state at different water depths, thereby avoiding damage to the electric transducer due to excessive internal and external pressure differences;

[0039] 2. The electric transducer of the present invention is equipped with an internal air pressure sensor and an external water pressure sensor; it has a certain ability to withstand internal and external pressures;

[0040] 3. The present invention uses a balanced rubber bag to fine-tune the internal pressure of the electric transducer, ensuring that the electric transducer is always in a state of internal and external pressure balance during operation, thereby improving the working efficiency of the electric transducer;

[0041] 4. The present invention sets the internal and external pressure difference to a positive value during the retraction and extension process of the electric transducer to prevent the rubber bag from being crushed and damaging the internal structure of the electric transducer;

[0042] 5. When the electric transducer of the present invention is lowered to a depth close to the working water depth, the pressure balancing device is turned off, and then the electric transducer is further lowered to the working water depth, and the pressure is adjusted by compressing the rubber bag to ensure that the electric transducer is in a completely balanced pressure state.

[0043] Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit thereof, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for realizing deep-water operation of an electric transducer, characterized in that: The deepwater electric acoustic simulator system is composed of an electric transducer, a pressure balancing device, and an air-electric hybrid umbilical cable. When working, the electric transducer cooperates with the pressure balancing device to achieve complete balance of the internal and external pressures of the electric transducer, and the air-electric hybrid umbilical cable is the transmission medium of the air-electric signal; before the deepwater electric acoustic simulator system works, the pressure balancing device is set to perform upper and lower limits of the pressure difference for pressurization and pressure relief operations; the electric transducer is composed of an exciter, a radiation cover, an outer shell, a decoupling sealing ring, and a balancing rubber bag, and the electric transducer is equipped with an internal air pressure sensor and an external water pressure sensor, and has a certain ability to withstand internal and external pressures.

2. A method for realizing deep-water operation of an electric transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure balancing device is composed of an air compressor, an air storage tank, a controller, a control panel, a charging valve, and a pressure relief valve. The air compressor can inject high-pressure gas into the air storage tank; the control panel screen can display the external water pressure, internal air pressure, depth of the underwater equipment, the air storage tank pressure, and the pressure balance range; Human-computer interaction is carried out through the control panel to set the air pump start pressure, set the air pump stop pressure, and set the upper and lower limits of the internal and external pressure difference of the underwater equipment.

3. A method for realizing deep-water operation of an electric transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the deepwater electric acoustic simulator system is working, when the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the electric transducer is less than the lower limit value, the inflation valve is opened briefly, the gas tank is connected with the electric transducer, and the high-pressure gas in the gas tank is pressed into the electric transducer through the gas-electric hybrid umbilical cable to increase the internal air pressure of the electric transducer; when the pressure difference is greater than the upper limit value, the pressure relief valve is opened briefly, the electric transducer is connected with the atmosphere, and the excess gas inside the electric transducer is discharged into the atmosphere through the gas-electric hybrid umbilical cable to reduce the internal pressure of the electric transducer. The electric transducer is ensured to be in a slightly positive pressure state at all times through inflation and pressure relief.

4. A method for realizing deep-water operation of an electric transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper and lower limits of the pressure difference for setting the pressure balancing device for charging and releasing operations are 0.01~0.03Mpa.

5. The method for realizing deep-water operation of an electric transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: For electric transducers with low supporting structure stiffness, consider installing a limiting structure at a certain distance outside the radiation cover to limit excessive displacement of the radiation cover.

6. A method for realizing deep-water operation of an electric transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: If the expected working water depth of the electric transducer is 300m, it can be lowered to 290m. At this time, the internal pressure of the electric transducer is 2.91-2.93Mpa. Then close the pressure balance device and continue to release the electric transducer to 300m. During the release process, the external pressure gradually exceeds the internal pressure. At this time, the balancing rubber bag is pressurized, the electric transducer cavity is compressed, and the internal air pressure is completely balanced with the external pressure.

7. A method for realizing deep-water operation of an electric transducer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The electric transducer is balanced at a water depth of 7 to 9 meters by a balancing rubber bag. When the depth of the electric transducer fluctuates by ±5 meters due to the external environment, the pressure of the rubber bag can be adjusted to keep the electric transducer in a state of internal and external pressure balance.

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