Solar greenhouse vegetable production process optimization method

Abstract

The invention discloses a solar greenhouse vegetable production process optimization method, and relates to the field of facility agriculture, and the method comprises the steps: determining the influence potential values of a plurality of environmental influence types in a solar greenhouse vegetable production process through employing a life cycle evaluation method; obtaining the carbon sink amount of the sunlight greenhouse vegetables; determining a solar greenhouse vegetable production process optimization scheme according to the influence potential values of the plurality of environmental influence types and the carbon sink amount of the solar greenhouse vegetables; and optimizing the production process of the sunlight greenhouse vegetables according to the optimization scheme of the production process of the sunlight greenhouse vegetables so as to reduce the influence of the production of the sunlight greenhouse vegetables on the environment. According to the method, the influence on the environment in the solar greenhouse vegetable production process is quantified by using the life cycle evaluation method, the accurate solar greenhouse vegetable production process optimization scheme is formulated in combination with the carbon sink amount of the solar greenhouse vegetables, and the influence on the environment by solar greenhouse vegetable production is reduced by optimizing the solar greenhouse vegetable production process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of facility agriculture, and in particular to a method for optimizing the production process of vegetables in a solar greenhouse. Background Art

[0002] Facility agriculture is an important way to achieve high intensification and agricultural modernization. In the context of tight arable land and water resources, it is imperative to develop modern facility agriculture. Facility types include small arch greenhouses, plastic greenhouses, solar greenhouses, heated greenhouses and multi-span greenhouses. Compared with traditional agricultural models, greenhouse production provides high-quality and large-volume horticultural products, but greenhouse construction, modern environmental control systems, and the use of fertilizers, pesticides and other agricultural production materials in pursuit of output will directly or indirectly produce carbon emissions, as well as pesticide residue pollution and N2O emissions, NH3 volatilization, nitrogen oxides, nitrate nitrogen leaching losses and heavy metal pollution caused by the application of nitrogen fertilizers and organic fertilizers. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a method for optimizing the production process of solar greenhouse vegetables, which can reduce the impact of solar greenhouse vegetable production on the environment.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following solutions:

[0005] The present application provides a method for optimizing the production process of vegetables in a solar greenhouse, comprising:

[0006] The life cycle assessment method was used to determine the impact potential of multiple environmental impact types in the production process of greenhouse vegetables;

[0007] Obtain the carbon sequestration of greenhouse vegetables;

[0008] Determine an optimization plan for the solar greenhouse vegetable production process according to the impact potentials of the multiple environmental impact types and the carbon sequestration amount of the solar greenhouse vegetables;

[0009] The production process of solar greenhouse vegetables is optimized according to the solar greenhouse vegetable production process optimization scheme to reduce the impact of solar greenhouse vegetable production on the environment.

[0010] Optionally, a life cycle assessment method is used to determine the impact potential of multiple environmental impact types in the production process of greenhouse vegetables, including:

[0011] Determine the evaluation target of the whole life cycle of greenhouse vegetable production, which is the resource consumption and environmental impact of greenhouse vegetables from raw material input to product harvesting;

[0012] Divide the entire life cycle of greenhouse vegetable production into multiple subsystems according to the evaluation objectives; and determine the environmental impact list of each subsystem according to the input and output data of each subsystem in the entire life cycle of greenhouse vegetable production;

[0013] Based on the environmental impact inventory of multiple subsystems, the impact potentials of multiple environmental impact types are determined.

[0014] Optionally, the multiple subsystems are: greenhouse structure, auxiliary system, fertilizer, pesticide, harvesting packaging and waste disposal.

[0015] Optionally, the environmental impact list of the greenhouse structure includes greenhouse steel material quantity, civil engineering quantity, diesel and electricity consumption of on-site construction machinery; the greenhouse steel material quantity and the civil engineering quantity are obtained by three-dimensionally modeling the solar greenhouse using building information modeling software;

[0016] The environmental impact list of waste treatment includes recycling of waste materials, landfill and incineration, and energy consumption for transporting scrap materials to the scrap site.

[0017] Optionally, the carbon sink of greenhouse vegetables is obtained, specifically including:

[0018] Sampling plant organs of greenhouse vegetables to obtain water content and carbon content of the plant organs; the plant organs include roots, stems, leaves, and fruits;

[0019] The amount of carbon fixed in each plant is determined based on the water content and carbon content of the plant organs;

[0020] The carbon sink of each plant is determined based on the carbon fixation of each plant;

[0021] The carbon sequestration of greenhouse vegetables is determined based on the planting density of greenhouse vegetables and the carbon sequestration of each plant.

[0022] Optionally, the carbon fixation amount of each plant is:

[0023]

[0024] The carbon sequestration amount of each plant is:

[0025] C 碳汇 =C 植株 *44 / 12;

[0026] Among them, C 植株 is the carbon fixation amount of each plant, I is the number of plant organs, D i is the carbon fixation amount of plant organ i, C i is the weight of plant organ i, t i is the carbon content of plant organ i, M iis the water content of plant organ i, C 碳汇 is the carbon sequestration capacity of the plant.

[0027] Optionally, one subsystem corresponds to one process in the whole life cycle of solar greenhouse vegetable production;

[0028] Based on the environmental impact lists of multiple subsystems, the impact potentials of multiple environmental impact types are determined, including:

[0029] Determine the substances that each process causes emissions of each environmental impact type based on the environmental impact inventory of each subsystem;

[0030] Based on the substances released by each process for each type of environmental impact, the impact potential of each type of environmental impact is determined using the following formula:

[0031]

[0032] Among them, AP(n) is the impact potential of the nth environmental impact type, Z(n) m,j PF(n) is the jth substance emitted by process m resulting in the nth type of environmental impact. m,j is the characterization factor of the jth substance emitted by the mth process leading to the nth environmental impact type, M is all the processes in the whole life cycle of solar greenhouse vegetable production, and J is the total amount of substances emitted in the whole life cycle of solar greenhouse vegetable production.

[0033] Optionally, determining the impact potential values ​​of multiple environmental impact types in the process of greenhouse vegetable production using a life cycle assessment method further includes: normalizing the impact potential values ​​of the environmental impact types to obtain normalized impact potential values; the normalized impact potential values ​​are:

[0034] NEP(n)=AP(n) / ER(n);

[0035] Among them, NEP(n) is the normalized potential value of the nth impact type, and ER(n) is the normalized reference value of the nth impact type.

[0036] Optionally, the environmental impact types specifically include: carbon footprint, fossil energy consumption, acidification, freshwater eutrophication, ozone layer depletion, smog formation that harms human health, terrestrial ecotoxicity, freshwater ecotoxicity and water resource consumption.

[0037] Optionally, the input and output data of the subsystem include foreground data and background data; the background data comes from the Ecoinvent database; and the foreground data comes from research collection.

[0038] According to the specific embodiments provided in this application, this application discloses the following technical effects:

[0039] The present application provides a method for optimizing the production process of solar greenhouse vegetables. By utilizing the life cycle assessment method to quantify the environmental impact of the solar greenhouse vegetable production process, combined with the carbon sink amount of solar greenhouse vegetables, a more accurate solar greenhouse vegetable production process optimization plan is jointly formulated. By optimizing the solar greenhouse vegetable production process, the environmental impact of solar greenhouse vegetable production is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0041] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a method for optimizing the production process of vegetables in a solar greenhouse in one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0043] In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0044] Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is an important environmental management tool. It is designed to analyze products and services. It uses a top-down calculation method to obtain the total environmental impact of products or services during their life cycle (from raw material mining, production and processing, storage and transportation, use, waste treatment, etc.) All input and output data are obtained. There are currently two mainstream life cycle assessment frameworks. One is the SETAC assessment framework published by the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC), and the other is the ISO assessment framework published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). The ISO assessment framework was developed and improved on the basis of the SETAC assessment framework, and the corresponding ISO14040 evaluation standard was promulgated. The International Organization for Standardization divides life cycle assessment into four parts: goal and scope determination, inventory analysis, impact assessment, and result interpretation.

[0045] (1) Determine the goal and scope: Before conducting a full life cycle assessment, the purpose and scope of the assessment need to be clearly defined. This is the basis and key step of the assessment. If errors occur at this stage, subsequent work and assessment results may deviate significantly from the actual situation.

[0046] (2) Inventory analysis: Inventory analysis is the key to collect and organize relevant data and divide them into two categories: input and output, which serve as the basic basis for evaluation. When conducting inventory analysis, most of the data related to the research object is included after determining the selection and rejection principles.

[0047] (3) Impact assessment: Based on the output data of the inventory analysis phase, the impact assessment quantifies the data into environmental impact values ​​through a certain method to determine the impact of various factors on the environment throughout the life cycle. It helps us understand and compare the impact of different stages and factors on the environment, thereby guiding environmental management and improving decision-making.

[0048] (4) Interpretation of results: Interpret the above results and try to find ways to reduce their impact.

[0049] The process of life cycle assessment research involves a large amount of data collection and complex formula calculations. By linking a relatively complete basic database and using LCA calculation software, fast and flexible calculations can be performed. The SimaPro software is used for calculations in this application for the following reasons: (1) The database used is more diverse and complete. The relevant data in the greenhouse vegetable production life cycle can be fully covered. At the same time, the software can store data clearly. (2) The modeling is more scientific and more convenient for users. In SimaPro, in addition to unit modeling of each subsystem and using software development data, you can also enter the experimental production data you have obtained. The entered data can be set as multiple output modes, and the user can customize the allocation ratio according to actual production. (3) The environmental impact assessment method is more comprehensive and novel. SimaPro software contains almost all environmental impact assessment methods, and the results are also very intuitive.

[0050] The present application embodiment provides a method for optimizing the production process of vegetables in a solar greenhouse. The method is executed by a computer device, and can be executed by a computer device such as a terminal or a server alone, or by a terminal and a server together. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps 101 to 104. Among them:

[0051] Step 101, using a life cycle assessment method to determine the impact potential of multiple environmental impact types in the process of greenhouse vegetable production.

[0052] Step 102, obtaining the carbon sink amount of greenhouse vegetables.

[0053] Step 103: determining an optimization plan for the greenhouse vegetable production process according to the impact potentials of the multiple environmental impact types and the carbon sequestration amount of the greenhouse vegetables.

[0054] Step 104, optimizing the production process of solar greenhouse vegetables according to the solar greenhouse vegetable production process optimization scheme to reduce the impact of solar greenhouse vegetable production on the environment. In the present application, the solar greenhouse vegetables include tomatoes, cucumbers and peppers.

[0055] In another exemplary embodiment of the present application, the functional unit evaluated in the present application is 1 ton of vegetables produced in a solar greenhouse.

[0056] The impact potential of multiple environmental impact types in the process of greenhouse vegetable production is determined by using a life cycle assessment method. The above step 101 includes the following steps 201 to 203:

[0057] Step 201, determining the evaluation target of the entire life cycle of greenhouse vegetable production, wherein the evaluation target is the resource consumption and environmental impact of greenhouse vegetables from raw material input to product harvesting.

[0058] Step 202, dividing the entire life cycle of greenhouse vegetable production into multiple subsystems according to the evaluation target; and determining the environmental impact list of each subsystem according to the input and output data of each subsystem in the entire life cycle of greenhouse vegetable production.

[0059] Step 203: determining the impact potentials of multiple environmental impact types based on the environmental impact lists of multiple subsystems.

[0060] Among them, step 202, according to the evaluation target, divides the entire life cycle of greenhouse vegetable production into multiple subsystems, specifically including: determining the system boundary based on the evaluation target; the system boundary is from cradle to farm gate. Divide the entire life cycle of greenhouse vegetable production into multiple subsystems according to the system boundary. In the system boundary, the raw materials and auxiliary materials involved are selected according to the proportion of their consumption quality and product quality, ignoring materials that do not cause serious environmental load and whose consumption is less than 1% of the product weight and materials whose total mass is less than 5% of the product quality.

[0061] In another exemplary embodiment of the present application, the multiple subsystems in the present application are: greenhouse structure, auxiliary system, fertilizer, pesticide, harvesting packaging and waste disposal.

[0062] In another exemplary embodiment of the present application, the environmental impact list of the greenhouse structure includes the greenhouse steel project volume, civil engineering project volume, diesel and electricity consumption of on-site construction machinery; the greenhouse steel project volume and the civil engineering project volume are obtained by three-dimensional modeling of the solar greenhouse using building information modeling software.

[0063] The environmental impact list of waste treatment includes recycling of waste materials, landfill and incineration, and energy consumption for transporting scrap materials to the scrap site.

[0064] The environmental impact list of fertilizers and pesticides mentioned above mainly includes N2O emissions, nitrogen oxide emissions, NH3 volatilization, nitrate nitrogen leaching loss, phosphorus leaching and heavy metal pollution, and pesticide residue pollution caused by fertilizer application. Field water and fertilizer management, crop types and farming methods, and soil physical and chemical properties will affect environmental emissions. The N2O, NH3, and NO3- emission coefficients of nitrogen fertilizers and organic fertilizers are 0.67, and nitrogen oxides (NO X -N) emissions are 10% of fertilizer use minus N2O emissions.

[0065] Direct N2O emissions (kgN2O-N ha-1) = 0.0067 × nitrogen fertilizer application + 1.56.

[0066] NO3- leaching amount (kgN ha-1) = 0.18 × nitrogen fertilizer application + 5.51.

[0067] NH3 volatilization amount (kgN ha-1) = 0.017 × nitrogen fertilizer application + 0.38.

[0068] The phosphate fertilizer loss factor is 0.2% of the phosphate fertilizer dosage; the nutrient content of water-soluble fertilizers and chemical fertilizers refers to the product parameters of the fertilizers used; the nutrient content of commercial organic fertilizers is: organic matter 32%, nitrogen 2%, phosphorus 1%, and potassium 1%.

[0069] According to the environmental quality evaluation standard of greenhouse vegetable production areas, five heavy metals, Cd, Pb, Hg, As, and Cr, were selected. The contents of heavy metals in phosphate fertilizer, microbial fertilizer, organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer, urea, water-soluble fertilizer, and potash fertilizer were averaged.

[0070] Among them, Building Information Modeling (BIM) is integrated with LCA to form BIM-LCA integration, which provides the required data for Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) analysis, thereby conducting an environmental impact assessment of the building. Existing integrations are roughly divided into static and dynamic integrations. Static integration is to incorporate BIM information into LCA tools or LCA databases; dynamic integration is to incorporate the LCA calculation framework into building information modeling software. The core of BIM-LCA integration is data interaction, which can transfer or integrate the information flow and data flow in the BIM model to LCI. Static integration is also called semi-automatic integration, which mainly uses BIM as the data source of LCA, conducts data interaction on material quantities, and extracts BIM information into LCA tools or databases. This application adopts static integration.

[0071] In another exemplary embodiment of the present application, the carbon sink amount of greenhouse vegetables is obtained, and the above step 102 includes the following steps 301 to 304:

[0072] Step 301, sampling plant organs of greenhouse vegetables to obtain water content and carbon content of the plant organs; the plant organs include roots, stems, leaves, and fruits.

[0073] Step 302, determining the carbon fixation amount of each plant according to the water content and carbon content of the plant organs.

[0074] Step 303, determining the carbon sink amount of each plant according to the carbon fixation amount of each plant.

[0075] Step 304, determining the carbon sequestration amount of the greenhouse vegetables according to the planting density of the greenhouse vegetables and the carbon sequestration amount of each plant.

[0076] Among them, step 301, before sampling the plant organs of solar greenhouse vegetables, it also includes: selecting tomatoes, cucumbers, and peppers from the autumn and winter crops of the solar greenhouse, the time is October 2023-January 2023 (tomatoes), September 2023-November 2023 (cucumbers), September 2023-January 2023 (peppers), and investigating and selecting three solar greenhouse vegetable production greenhouses. Under the four insulation blankets in the corresponding greenhouses, 20 plants are evenly selected according to the principle of five-point sampling. From planting to pulling the vines, the parts of the plants that are budded, leafed, thinned, and matured are collected and weighed for fresh weight, and taken back to the laboratory for drying and weighing of dry weight. Twenty plants were selected as research plants. During the maturity period of the growth of this crop of vegetables, the plant's stems, leaves, fruits and other above-ground organs were destroyed and their fresh weights were measured on the spot. The underground parts were excavated using the whole root method. After removing the soil, the plants were rinsed with clean water, wiped clean with a cloth, and then weighed. All samples were then quickly sent back to the laboratory for drying and re-weighing.

[0077] Step 301, sampling the plant organs of greenhouse vegetables to obtain the moisture content and carbon content of the plant organs, specifically including: stem sampling: whole plant; leaf sampling: whole plant leaves; fruit sampling: whole plant fruit; root sampling: whole plant root system. The sample is placed in an oven and sterilized at 105 degrees for 30 minutes, then the oven temperature is adjusted to 85 degrees, until the sample is constant weight, the weight of the dry matter of each organ is recorded, and the moisture content of the sample is calculated. The dried sample is then ground into powder, passed through a 0.25 mm sieve, and the carbon content of the sample is determined by potassium dichromate-sulfuric acid oxidation wet burning method, thereby obtaining the dry matter carbon content of individual tomato, cucumber, and pepper plants.

[0078] In another exemplary embodiment of the present application, the carbon fixation amount of each plant is:

[0079]

[0080] The carbon sequestration amount of each plant is:

[0081] C 碳汇 =C 植株 *44 / 12.

[0082] Among them, C 植株 is the carbon fixation amount per plant, in gC; I is the number of plant organs, D i is the carbon fixation amount of plant organ i, in gC; C i is the weight of plant organ i, in g; t i is the carbon content of plant organ i, M i is the water content of plant organ i, C 碳汇is the carbon sink of the plant, in gC; 44 / 12 is the relative atomic mass ratio of carbon dioxide to carbon. This application does not take into account the soil carbon fixation part.

[0083] In another exemplary embodiment of the present application, a subsystem corresponds to a process in the entire life cycle of solar greenhouse vegetable production.

[0084] Based on the environmental impact lists of multiple subsystems, the impact potentials of multiple environmental impact types are determined. Step 203 includes the following steps 401 to 402:

[0085] Step 401 , determining the substances emitted by each process in each environmental impact type according to the environmental impact list of each subsystem.

[0086] Step 402, based on the substances emitted by each process for each type of environmental impact, the impact potential of each type of environmental impact is determined using the following formula:

[0087]

[0088] Among them, AP(n) is the impact potential of the nth environmental impact type, Z(n) m,j PF(n) is the jth substance emitted by process m resulting in the nth type of environmental impact. m,j is the characterization factor of the jth substance emitted by the mth process leading to the nth type of environmental impact, M is the entire process in the whole life cycle of greenhouse vegetable production, and J is the total amount of substances emitted in the whole life cycle of greenhouse vegetable production. Among them, PF(n) m,j The numerical values ​​provided by the Centre for Environmental Sciences at Leiden University-Impact Assessment Baseline (CML-IA baseline), Impactworld+ and ReCiPe(H) methods in the LCA calculation software were used.

[0089] In another exemplary embodiment of the present application, the impact potential values ​​of multiple environmental impact types in the production process of greenhouse vegetables are determined by using a life cycle assessment method, and the method further includes: normalizing the impact potential values ​​of the environmental impact types to obtain normalized impact potential values; the normalized impact potential values ​​are:

[0090] NEP(n)=AP(n) / ER(n).

[0091] Where NEP(n) is the normalized potential of the nth impact type, and ER(n) is the normalized baseline value of the nth impact type. ER(n) uses the World 2000 baseline value in the CML-IAbaseline assessment method.

[0092] In another exemplary embodiment of the present application, the environmental impact types specifically include: carbon footprint, fossil energy consumption, acidification, freshwater eutrophication, ozone layer depletion, smog formation that harms human health, terrestrial ecotoxicity, freshwater ecotoxicity and water resource consumption.

[0093] In another exemplary embodiment of the present application, the input and output data of the subsystem include foreground data and background data; the background data comes from the Ecoinvent database; and the foreground data comes from research collection.

[0094] In another exemplary embodiment of the present application, the carbon footprint is analyzed using the report released by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in 2021, referred to as IPCC2021.

[0095] The total carbon footprint of 1 ton of tomato, cucumber and pepper produced in autumn and winter greenhouses is 1348.483 kg CO2eq, 1265.375 kg CO2eq and 2052.581 kg CO2eq respectively. In the comparison of carbon footprint results of the three vegetables, pepper> tomato> cucumber. Among them, the contribution of different subsystems in greenhouse vegetable production to carbon footprint is as follows: greenhouse structure, auxiliary system, fertilizer, pesticide, harvesting packaging and waste treatment subsystems in greenhouse vegetable production have roughly the same impact on the carbon footprint of the three vegetable production. Among the three vegetable production subsystems, the greenhouse structure system has the largest carbon footprint. In the greenhouse structure carbon footprint, the greenhouse structure accounts for 52.2%, 47.1% and 59.6% of the total carbon footprint of tomatoes, cucumbers and peppers, respectively. The carbon footprint of the auxiliary system, tomatoes, cucumbers and peppers each account for about 20%. In the fertilizer carbon footprint, the carbon footprint caused by the use of fertilizers for tomatoes and cucumbers is second only to the carbon footprint of their respective greenhouse structures, accounting for 23% and 23.4%, while peppers account for 16.2%. In the impact of pesticides on carbon footprints, they account for 1.8%, 2.7% and 3.8% of their total carbon footprints, respectively. In the carbon footprint of harvesting and packaging, the carbon footprints of harvesting and packaging for tomatoes, cucumbers and peppers are 121.089, 76.684 and 1.439 kg CO2 eq, respectively, and their respective impacts do not exceed 10% of the total carbon footprint. The carbon footprint of tomato, cucumber and pepper waste treatment in the waste treatment subsystem was reduced by 88.605, 25.614 and 80.455 kgCO2 eq, respectively, reducing the total carbon footprint of their respective vegetable production systems by 6.6%, 2.0% and 3.9%, respectively.

[0096] In addition, three different life cycle assessment methods were used to evaluate the environmental impacts. The three different life cycle assessment methods are: Centre for Environmental Sciences at Leiden University-Impact Assessment Baseline (CML-IAbaseline), Impact world+, and ReCiPe(H).

[0097] Among them, the Impactworld+ evaluation results are as follows: Among the three greenhouse vegetables, pepper has the highest short-term and long-term impact potential for producing 1t of product, and pepper>tomato>cucumber global warming environmental potential, pepper short-term potential and long-term potential are 2,110kg CO2 eq, 1,970kg CO2eq, tomato short-term impact is 1,380kgCO2 eq, tomato long-term impact is the same as cucumber short-term impact value is 1,290kg CO2 eq, cucumber long-term impact value is 1,210kg CO2 eq. In terms of energy utilization, pepper is also the highest at 27,100MJ deprived, tomato is 17,300MJ deprived, cucumber is 16,500MJ deprived. In terms of resource utilization, pepper is still the highest, at 245kg deprived, tomato is 139kg deprived, cucumber is 121kg deprived. In terms of air pollution, pepper has the highest impact potential in terms of ozone layer depletion and particulate matter formation. Ozone layer depletion: 0.000726kg CFC-11eq for pepper, 0.000447kg CFC-11eq for tomato, and 0.000367kg CFC-11eq for cucumber. Particle formation: 1.08kg PM2.5 eq for pepper, 0.722kg PM2.5 eq for tomato, and 0.697kg PM2.5 eq for cucumber. Pepper also showed high impact potential in other impact categories such as freshwater ecotoxicity, freshwater acidification, terrestrial acidification, and water shortage. Freshwater ecotoxicity: 2.55E+07CTUe for pepper, 1.72E+07CTUe for tomato, and 1.57E+07CTUe for cucumber. Freshwater acidification: 0.0355kg PO4eq for pepper, 0.0321kg PO4eq for tomato, and 0.0274kg PO4 eq for cucumber. Terrestrial acidification: Tomatoes had the lowest SO2 eq of 1.69E-02kg, and peppers had the highest SO2 eq of 2.50E-02kg. Among the impacts of water shortage, cucumbers had the highest impact, followed by peppers, and tomatoes had the lowest impact, at 5,530m 3 World eq, tomato is 4,110m 3 World eq, cucumber is 5,620m 3 In freshwater acidification, pepper has the highest SO2 eq of 1.94E-05 kg, while cucumber has the lowest.

[0098] In the Impactworld+ evaluation method, the environmental impact of greenhouse structures is mainly concentrated in carbon footprint, fossil resource consumption, ozone layer depletion and freshwater toxicity, with a combined contribution of more than 40%. The environmental impact of auxiliary systems is reflected in carbon footprint, fossil energy and nuclear energy utilization, mineral resource utilization, and water resource shortage (more than 90%). Fertilizers are reflected in land acidification and freshwater acidification, both of which are more than 40%. Pesticides do not have a significant impact on the environment. In the category of environmental impact of harvesting and packaging, it is mainly concentrated in fossil energy and nuclear energy utilization, and freshwater acidification. Waste treatment reduces all environmental impacts.

[0099] The evaluation results of CML-IAbaseline are as follows: among the environmental impacts of tomatoes, cucumbers and peppers, peppers have the highest environmental impact when producing one ton of vegetables in autumn and winter. Among them, abiotic depletion: peppers have the largest impact, which is 2.93E-02kgSb eq, followed by tomatoes, which is 1.91E-02kg Sb eq, and cucumbers have the smallest impact, which is 1.67E-02kg Sb eq. Abiotic depletion (AD fossil): peppers have the largest impact, which is 2.31E+04MJ, followed by tomatoes, which is 1.49E+04MJ, and cucumbers have the smallest impact, which is 1.41E+04MJ. Global warming potential: peppers have the largest impact, which is 2.05E+03kg CO2 eq, followed by tomatoes, which is 1.34E+03kg CO2 eq, and cucumbers have the smallest impact, which is 1.26E+03kg CO2eq. Ozone layer depletion: Tomatoes have the greatest impact, which is 4.42E-04kg CFC-11eq, followed by cucumbers, which is 2.76E-04kg CFC-11eq, and peppers have the least impact, which is 2.27E-04kg CFC-11eq. Human ecotoxicity: Peppers have the greatest impact, which is 1.09E+03kg1,4-DB eq, followed by tomatoes, which is 7.64E+02kg 1,4-DB eq, and cucumbers have the least impact, which is 6.92E+02kg1,4-DB eq. Freshwater ecotoxicity: Peppers have the greatest impact, which is 1.38E+03kg 1,4-DB eq, followed by tomatoes, which is 8.69E+02kg 1,4-DB eq, and cucumbers have the least impact, which is 8.00E+02kg 1,4-DB eq. Terrestrial ecotoxicity: Pepper had the greatest impact, which was 3.39E+01kg 1,4-DB eq, followed by tomato, which was 1.79E+01kg 1,4-DB eq, and cucumber, which was the smallest, which was 1.47E+01kg 1,4-DB eq. Acidification: Pepper had the greatest impact, which was 1.10E+01kg SO2eq, while tomato and cucumber had similar impacts, which were 7.38E+00kg SO2 eq and 7.31E+00kg SO2 eq, respectively. Eutrophication: Pepper had the greatest impact, which was 4.19E+00kg PO4eq, while tomato and cucumber had similar impacts, which were 2.91E+00kg PO4 eq and 2.88E+00kg PO4 eq, respectively.

[0100] The key environmental impact categories caused by greenhouse vegetable production are environmental acidification, eutrophication, and greenhouse effect. For these environmental impact categories, the normalized values ​​of tomatoes, cucumbers, and peppers are 9.81×10 -12 , 9.04×10 -12 , 6.18×10 -12, among which environmental acidification has the greatest impact, followed by eutrophication.

[0101] In the CLM-IAbaseline method system assessment: the greenhouse structure is reflected in the environmental impacts of abiotic depletion, abiotic depletion (fossil fuels), global warming potential, ozone layer depletion, human ecotoxicity, and freshwater ecotoxicity, all of which exceed 45%, and the impacts of terrestrial ecotoxicity, acidification, and eutrophication also exceed 25%. Except for the terrestrial ecotoxicity, the other environmental impacts of the auxiliary system account for 12%-30%. Fertilizers are mainly reflected in the terrestrial ecotoxicity, acidification, and eutrophication, all of which contribute more than 45%. The impact of pesticides on the environment is relatively small, at 1%-2% among all types of environmental impacts. Waste treatment reduces all environmental impacts, and the effect of reducing abiotic depletion is the most significant.

[0102] The evaluation results of ReCiPe 2016(H) are as follows: The impact potential of each environmental impact type in the greenhouse production process of 1t of vegetables in autumn and winter. Among them, the global warming potential: pepper has the largest impact, which is 2.11E+03kg CO2eq, and tomato has the smallest impact, which is 1.38E+03kg CO2 eq. Ozone layer depletion: tomato has the largest impact, which is 2.76E-03kg CFC11 eq, and cucumber has the smallest impact, which is 2.29E-03kg CFC11 eq. Fine particle formation: pepper has the largest impact, which is 4.83E+00kgPM2.5 eq, and the impacts of tomato and cucumber are similar, which are 3.25E+00kg PM2.5 eq and 3.26E+00kg PM2.5eq respectively. Ozone hazard to human health: pepper has the largest impact, which is 1.25E+01kgNOx eq, and tomato has the smallest impact, which is 8.38E+00kg NOx eq. Terrestrial acidification: Pepper has the largest impact, which is 1.43E+01kg SO2eq, while tomato and cucumber have similar impacts, which are 9.96E+00kg SO2 eq and 1.01E+01kg SO2 eq, respectively. Freshwater eutrophication: Pepper has the largest impact, which is 8.68E-01kg P eq, while cucumber has the smallest impact, which is 5.27E-01kg P eq. Terrestrial ecotoxicity: Tomato has the largest impact, which is 1.43E+04kg 1,4-DCB, while cucumber has the smallest impact, which is 8.94E+03kg 1,4-DCB. Freshwater ecotoxicity: Tomato has the largest impact, which is 7.91E+01kg 1,4-DCB, while cucumber has the smallest impact, which is 8.96E+01kg 1,4-DCB. Fossil fuel scarcity: Pepper has the largest impact, which is 5.43E+02kg oil eq, while tomato has the smallest impact, which is 3.48E+02kg oil eq. Water consumption: Cucumbers and peppers have the same impact, 1.31E+02m 3 , Tomato has the smallest impact, which is 9.70E+01m 3 .

[0103] In the ReCiPe-2016 methodological system assessment: greenhouse structures contribute more than 40% to global warming potential, terrestrial ecological ozone formation, freshwater eutrophication, freshwater ecotoxicity, and fossil fuel scarcity. Auxiliary systems contribute an average of 14%-35% to water resource consumption (90%), mineral resource scarcity, fossil fuel scarcity, freshwater eutrophication, and human carcinogenic toxicity. Fertilizers contribute more than 55% to terrestrial acidification, fine particle formation, ozone to human health, and ozone layer depletion, and contribute about 25% to freshwater eutrophication and global warming potential. Pesticides contribute about 10% to terrestrial ecotoxicity (more than 30%), freshwater ecotoxicity, and freshwater eutrophication. The impact of harvesting and packaging on the environment is not very large, among which the terrestrial ecotoxicity of tomato harvesting and packaging is more obvious.

[0104] Among the four evaluation methods, the carbon footprint of producing 1 ton of greenhouse tomatoes, cucumbers and peppers was the highest for the ReCiPe2016 evaluation method, and the lowest for the Impactworld+ long-term impact. Among them, the global warming potential is the carbon footprint.

[0105] Furthermore, this application uses two methods to make scenario assumptions. A sensitivity analysis was conducted based on the CML-IAbaseline environmental assessment method: the greenhouse life is increased by 5 years, and the production of three vegetables, tomatoes, cucumbers, and peppers, has a greater impact on ozone layer depletion, reducing the impact by 20% respectively. The impact on abiotic depletion is second, reducing by 15%, and the impact of freshwater ecotoxicity, human ecotoxicity, global warming potential, and abiotic depletion (fossil fuels) is reduced by about 10%-15%. The impact on terrestrial ecotoxicity is reduced less. Water-soluble fertilizers are reduced by 40%, and the production of the three vegetables has a greater impact on acidification and eutrophication, reducing the acidification impact by 20% and the eutrophication impact by 12%. A 20% reduction in electricity has no significant environmental impact on the production of the three vegetables, all less than 5%. The output of the three vegetables increased by 20%, and the impact of tomatoes and cucumbers on the environment was reduced by about 17%, and peppers were reduced by 20%.

[0106] Based on the sensitivity analysis of the ReCiPe-2016 environmental assessment method, if the service life of the greenhouse is increased by 5 years, the global warming potential of greenhouse tomatoes will be 1.21E+03kg CO2 eq, the scarcity of fossil resources will be 3.03E+02kg oil eq, the freshwater ecotoxicity will be 7.05E+01kg 1,4-DCB, and 5.06E-01kg P eq. The increase in the service life of the greenhouse has a greater impact on the carbon footprint, eutrophication, the scarcity of fossil resources, and the freshwater ecotoxicity, reducing their environmental impacts by 12%, 11%, 13%, and 12%, respectively. The increase in the service life of the greenhouse also reduces the environmental impacts of terrestrial ecotoxicity by 6%, ozone layer depletion by 5%, ozone formation harm to human health by 4%, acidification by 4%, and water scarcity by 1%. The reduction of electricity by 20% has no significant contribution to the environmental impact of the study environment, and the global warming potential impact is only reduced by 2%, and the impact of ozone formation harm to human health, eutrophication, acidification, and fossil resource scarcity is reduced by 1%. Water-soluble fertilizers were reduced by 40%, and the harm to human health caused by acidification and ozone formation was reduced by 41% and 45% respectively. The impact on eutrophication, freshwater ecotoxicity, terrestrial ecotoxicity, fossil resource scarcity, and global warming potential was relatively small, reducing the impact by 2%, 2%, 1%, 2%, and 3% respectively.

[0107] This application further studies the carbon footprint: The quantitative analysis of carbon footprint in this application is the focus of all evaluation indicators of life cycle environmental impact. Using the IPCC 2021 evaluation method, it is calculated that 1 ton of tomatoes, cucumbers, and peppers produced in a solar greenhouse will cause 1348.483 kg CO2 eq, 1265.375 kg CO2 eq, and 2052.581 kg CO2 eq greenhouse gas emissions. Among them, the greenhouse structure, fertilizer, and auxiliary system subsystems contribute the most to the carbon footprint.

[0108] Among the carbon footprints of the three types of vegetable production, the greenhouse structure contributes the most, exceeding 45%, because the main materials in the greenhouse structure system are the flexible wall materials behind the steel frame with high energy consumption and high greenhouse gas emissions. The 160-meter-long and 140-meter-wide steel structure greenhouse covers an area of ​​3 mu. The production and processing of steel itself consumes a lot of resources and is the source of many environmental pollution emissions; the rear wall and shed of the greenhouse are flexible insulation blankets. The solid composite cotton textile material serves as a good barrier to prevent heat from being easily lost during the day and prevent air leakage at low temperatures at night, ensuring the normal production of vegetables in the desert. However, the production of glass fiber glue-coated and PVC-coated scraper cloths, as well as glue-free cotton and pearl cotton, consumes a lot of fossil resources and also causes pollution emissions. Scholars in the Chinese textile industry have also conducted a lot of LCA analysis on their products.

[0109] Fertilizers and auxiliary systems contribute almost 20% to the carbon footprint. Fertilizer input will directly and indirectly cause soil nitrification, denitrification, nitrate leaching, and ammonia volatilization, thereby releasing a large amount of N2O gas and increasing greenhouse gases such as nitrogen oxides. The two major contributions to the carbon footprint in the auxiliary system are the agricultural tools and electricity used. Agricultural machinery and equipment are mainly steel products, which are still an important part of the carbon footprint contribution. The carbon footprint contribution caused by electricity consumption is also relatively large, because of the high-lift pumping of the irrigation system and the normal collection and release of the solar greenhouse insulation blanket. Pesticides do not contribute much to the carbon footprint, and their impact is on other environmental indicators. In waste treatment, plastic product materials are recycled, which reduces the impact of carbon footprint. Sandstorm weather makes the shed surface easy to scratch. The regular replacement of PO shed film is timely recycled and crushed. The plastic barrels and plastic baskets made of PE and PP are recycled by the unified department at the base, all of which reduce the impact of carbon footprint. However, the degree to which waste disposal reduces the impact on the environment is not significant, except for tomatoes, while cucumbers and peppers are not. The reason is that during the harvesting process of tomatoes, more transport barrels and plastic baskets are needed for unified harvesting than cucumbers. When recycling is considered, the impact of reducing carbon footprint is naturally more obvious.

[0110] Furthermore, the present application conducts a comprehensive assessment of environmental impacts: global warming potential (carbon footprint), fossil energy consumption, acidification, freshwater eutrophication, ozone layer depletion, hazards to human health caused by haze formation, terrestrial ecotoxicity, freshwater ecotoxicity, and water resource consumption are the key types of environmental impacts in the present application.

[0111] The main impacts of greenhouse structures on the environment are global warming potential and fossil energy consumption. At the same time, the environmental impacts on ozone layer depletion, freshwater ecotoxicity, and terrestrial ecotoxicity are also relatively large. The reason is that the use of steel for the greenhouse steel frame and the processing of steel consume a lot of energy. At the same time, during the construction of the solar greenhouse, the installation of spiral piles and rear wall insulation blankets and other construction machinery consumes diesel, causing greenhouse gas emissions. The presence of heavy metals, cyanide, COD and a large amount of suspended solids in wastewater discharged during the steel production process also has an important impact on human and soil ecotoxicity. The new flexible composite wall and insulation blanket are no longer the rotten quilts of the past. A large amount of polyester fiber and glue-free cotton are used, and the service life is longer, but the chlorinated and brominated compounds produced during the production process damage the ozone layer. In order to reduce the potential environmental impact caused by the construction process of solar greenhouses, better supporting skeleton materials can be used to extend the service life, or low-energy skeleton materials can be used or the use of steel can be reduced by reasonably designing the greenhouse structure, or light-weight covering materials with good thermal insulation performance can be used as back walls and thermal insulation materials to meet good thermal insulation functions while reducing the impact on the environment. In the scenario optimization, this application conducted a sensitivity analysis of extending the service life of the greenhouse. By increasing the service life of the greenhouse by 5 years, it was found that all environmental impacts were significantly reduced, including a reduction of about 12% in the global warming potential and about 10% in other environmental impacts. The impacts of the auxiliary system on the environment are mainly global warming potential, fossil energy consumption, ozone layer depletion, acidification, and water scarcity. In the auxiliary system, the integrated control of water and fertilizer in the central mother liquid pool leads to a large amount of electricity consumption, and the upstream electricity production will have an acidification effect. Ridges are made on the saline-alkali sand inside the desert greenhouse, and the non-woven fabrics laid, the seedling baskets used for transplanting and planting, and other PP polymer materials produce compounds that damage the ozone layer. The use of tractors to transport uniformly distributed pesticides to greenhouses 1.5 kilometers away consumes energy and also causes greenhouse gas emissions. Water-fertilizer integration and spraying require water as a solvent, which has a great impact on water scarcity, averaging more than 90%. In the scenario optimization, by reducing 20% ​​of electricity consumption during the planting process in greenhouse production, it was found that the impact on all environments was significantly reduced, the global warming potential was reduced by about 12%, and other environmental impacts were also reduced by about 10%.

[0112] The impact of fertilizers on the environment is mainly acidification, eutrophication, freshwater ecotoxicity and soil ecotoxicity. The direct reason is that the fertilizer itself will affect the production and indirectly emit nitrogen oxides and sulfides after fertilization, forming acid rain. The phosphorus required by plants in the fertilizer is also a cause of eutrophication. The production method of the greenhouse in this application is soilless cultivation drip irrigation, and different cultivation methods will also cause the impact of nitrogen fertilizers on the environment. The fertilizer itself contains certain heavy metals, and excessive application will lead to freshwater ecotoxicity and soil ecotoxicity.

[0113] Manure generally has a high content of heavy metals, but this application does not use manure. According to the data tracked and collected by this application, the fertilizers used in vegetable production are mainly organic fertilizers in the early cultivation substrate as base fertilizer, water-soluble fertilizers for drip irrigation during the growth process, and foliar fertilizers sprayed from the top. The optimal dosage of experimental fertilizers and reducing the impact of fertilizers on the environment have been the goals that base managers have been experimenting with in recent years. To this end, this application also focuses on optimizing the amount of fertilizers in the sensitivity analysis stage, exploring the extent to which the carbon footprint impact can be reduced by reducing 40% of fertilizers (water-soluble fertilizers). The results show that the impact is very significant, among which acidification, eutrophication, and ozone formation have a large impact on the human body. Optimizing fertilization can effectively reduce the impact on the environment.

[0114] In this application, the impacts of pesticides on the environment are mainly terrestrial ecotoxicity, freshwater ecotoxicity, acidification, and global warming potential. The results of the evaluation of the ReCiPe-2016 method show that the terrestrial ecotoxicity of pesticides in tomato, cucumber, and pepper production exceeds 35%, and the freshwater ecotoxicity exceeds 15%. However, the results of the CLM-IAbaseline and Impact world+ evaluation methods show that the overall environmental impact of pesticides on production is relatively small, at 2% overall. The reason is that this difference between the different ecotoxicology models used in Impactworld+ and ReCiPe-2016 is the root of the work of the UNEP / SETAC Life Cycle Initiative, which led to the creation of the USEtox model, which has been incorporated into Impactworld+. At present, there is no unified standard for the environmental impact of pesticides in LCA studies internationally.

[0115] The reasons for the impact of pesticides on terrestrial ecotoxicity and freshwater ecotoxicity are also two parts. The manufacturing and production of pesticides requires energy consumption, which causes greenhouse gas emissions. Another important part is the indirect emission pollution of pesticides. There are more than 20 types of pesticides actually used in this application. Due to the lack of corresponding research data, the built-in database of SimaPro software is used to calculate, only the average value of insecticides and fungicides is considered, and the conversion is carried out in an approximate substitution method. The values ​​of indirect emissions to air, water bodies, and pesticide residues are taken as 10%, 1%, and 43% respectively. Due to the climate and its own design, the greenhouse has high humidity and poor ventilation in the greenhouse. The summer tomato virus disease is more serious in the greenhouse, and bacterial viruses appear in vegetables. The onset of autumn and winter mildew is also serious. The amount of insecticides and fungicides is large and the effect is strong. This is the main reason for the ecological toxicity of pesticides to soil and human body. Scientific management, timely ventilation, scientific prevention and control of pests and diseases, and selection of vegetable varieties with strong disease resistance can reduce the amount of pesticides and reduce the side effects of pesticides. In this application, the impact of harvesting and packaging on the environment is mainly the consumption of fossil resources and global warming potential. The transportation of tomatoes to the sorting workshop, the conveyor belt sorting consumes electricity, the packaging of corrugated boxes, and the use of PP plastic pallets all consume a lot of energy and contribute greatly to fossil resources. In this application, the reduction of waste treatment on the environment is mainly the global warming potential and fossil resource consumption. The reason is that this study recycles PO, PP, Pe plastic products and drip irrigation tapes. The base has a special recycling production team to recycle waste materials. Through crushing, it directly becomes raw materials for regeneration, which offsets the environmental impact of electricity and can also reduce the global warming potential and fossil resource consumption. In the scenario optimization, this paper conducted a sensitivity analysis of a 20% increase in vegetable yield. The 20% increase in yield found that the impact on all environments was significantly reduced. The total environmental impact of tomato, cucumber, and pepper production systems decreased by 17%, 17%, and 20%, respectively. Scientific management of planting and continuous improvement of yield are the key to reducing environmental impact.

[0116] Further study on carbon sink level: This application is the first to study carbon sink in greenhouse vegetable production. From a macroscopic perspective, the carbon sink capacity of the plants themselves in the autumn and winter crop production of tomatoes, cucumbers, and peppers in greenhouses was quantitatively analyzed. In the autumn and winter crop production of greenhouse vegetables, the carbon sink of producing 1 ton of tomatoes, cucumbers, and peppers was calculated to be 263.27, 220.75, and 353.03 kgCO2 eq and 16454.23, 10612.91, and 10183.1 kg CO2 eq / hm2, respectively. 2. The experiment obtained the carbon content and water content of the root system, stems, leaves, fruits and lateral buds (flowering period) of tomatoes, cucumbers and peppers (mature stage) in the solar greenhouse. When calculating carbon sinks, the economic coefficient and carbon content are very old, and there are few studies on the carbon and water contents of Solanaceae, such as tomatoes, cucumbers and peppers. For this reason, this application conducts special experimental measurements of carbon content and water content to make the results of carbon sink research more rigorous. Unlike other studies, this application takes into account the pruning, branching, fruit thinning and bud removal of tomatoes, cucumbers and peppers during the cultivation and management process. However, the study of soil carbon fixation was not considered. The main reason is that the greenhouse vegetable production in this application is drip irrigation and soilless cultivation production.

[0117] In this application, the carbon emissions caused by carbon sinks and vegetable production and planting are quite different. According to the previous carbon footprint research, the greenhouse gas emission equivalent of 1t of tomatoes, cucumbers and peppers produced by greenhouse vegetables is 1348.483kg CO2 eq, 1265.375kg CO2 eq and 2052.581kg CO2 eq, which is greater than the carbon fixation of 1t of vegetables itself, 263.27, 220.75 and 353.03kg CO2 eq. In this application, the carbon footprint research is linked to the carbon sink research, the process of solar greenhouse vegetable production is optimized, the vegetable yield is increased, the amount of fertilizers and pesticides is reduced, scientific management is carried out, and efficient production is carried out to save resources, so that efficient carbon fixation is possible and carbon neutrality is contributed to in the development of facility agriculture.

[0118] Through the above research and evaluation, the optimization plan for the solar greenhouse vegetable production process is: starting from the development goals of greenhouse vegetables, develop high-tech intensive facility agriculture. Ensure the environmental conditions for vegetable production, standardize regulation, strengthen the integrated management of water and fertilizer for vegetable production, actively explore the optimal amount of fertilizer, improve the ability to prevent and control pests and diseases and energy recycling, improve information management, and increase the yield per unit area, so as to achieve the dual goals of improving the quality of park products and reducing the impact of solar greenhouse vegetable production on the environment and improving production efficiency.

[0119] The environmental impact assessment results of the production of three kinds of vegetables in the solar greenhouse of this application, and the analysis of its causes and important contribution links are of great significance. For example, the typical characteristics of Gobi agriculture are "more light, less water, new technology, and high efficiency", which have the characteristics of sustainability and circular economy. By comprehensively applying advanced technologies such as organic cultivation, facility planting, and efficient water conservation in the Gobi desert, coupled with the use of local light and heat resources, it can promote the development of ecological circular agriculture. Life cycle assessment is a natural step-by-step method. First, we need to understand the resource consumption and environmental emissions of greenhouse vegetable production and determine the source. Targeting and solving problems can ensure that environmental impacts throughout the life cycle can be better handled. Life cycle assessment plays an important role in studying the comprehensive environmental management and evaluation of facility vegetable production systems. At the same time, the construction of standard greenhouse facility parks promotes the improvement and application of life cycle assessment methods.

[0120] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0121] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting this application.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the production process of vegetables in a solar greenhouse, characterized in that: The method for optimizing the production process of solar greenhouse vegetables comprises: The life cycle assessment method was used to determine the impact potential of multiple environmental impact types in the production process of greenhouse vegetables; Obtain the carbon sequestration of greenhouse vegetables; Determine an optimization plan for the solar greenhouse vegetable production process according to the impact potentials of the multiple environmental impact types and the carbon sequestration amount of the solar greenhouse vegetables; The production process of solar greenhouse vegetables is optimized according to the solar greenhouse vegetable production process optimization scheme to reduce the impact of solar greenhouse vegetable production on the environment.

2. The method for optimizing the production process of greenhouse vegetables according to claim 1, characterized in that: The life cycle assessment method is used to determine the impact potential of multiple environmental impact types in the production process of greenhouse vegetables, including: Determine the evaluation target of the whole life cycle of greenhouse vegetable production, which is the resource consumption and environmental impact of greenhouse vegetables from raw material input to product harvesting; Divide the entire life cycle of greenhouse vegetable production into multiple subsystems according to the evaluation objectives; and determine the environmental impact list of each subsystem according to the input and output data of each subsystem in the entire life cycle of greenhouse vegetable production; Based on the environmental impact inventory of multiple subsystems, the impact potentials of multiple environmental impact types are determined.

3. The method for optimizing the production process of greenhouse vegetables according to claim 2, characterized in that: The multiple subsystems are: greenhouse structure, auxiliary system, fertilizer, pesticide, harvesting packaging and waste disposal.

4. The method for optimizing the production process of greenhouse vegetables according to claim 3, characterized in that: The environmental impact list of the greenhouse structure includes the greenhouse steel engineering quantity, civil engineering quantity, diesel and electricity consumption of on-site construction machinery; the greenhouse steel engineering quantity and the civil engineering quantity are obtained by three-dimensional modeling of the solar greenhouse using building information modeling software; The environmental impact list of waste treatment includes recycling of waste materials, landfill and incineration, and energy consumption for transporting scrap materials to the scrap site.

5. The method for optimizing the production process of greenhouse vegetables according to claim 1, characterized in that: Obtain the carbon sequestration of greenhouse vegetables, including: Sampling plant organs of greenhouse vegetables to obtain water content and carbon content of the plant organs; the plant organs include roots, stems, leaves, and fruits; The amount of carbon fixed in each plant is determined based on the water content and carbon content of the plant organs; The carbon sink of each plant is determined based on the carbon fixation of each plant; The carbon sequestration of greenhouse vegetables is determined based on the planting density of greenhouse vegetables and the carbon sequestration of each plant.

6. The method for optimizing the production process of greenhouse vegetables according to claim 5, characterized in that: The carbon fixation amount of each plant is: The carbon sequestration amount of each plant is: C 碳汇 =C 植株 *44 / 12; Among them, C 植株 is the carbon fixation amount of each plant, I is the number of plant organs, D i is the carbon fixation amount of plant organ i, C i is the weight of plant organ i, t i is the carbon content of plant organ i, M i is the water content of plant organ i, C 碳汇 is the carbon sequestration capacity of the plant.

7. The method for optimizing the production process of greenhouse vegetables according to claim 2, characterized in that: One subsystem corresponds to a process in the whole life cycle of greenhouse vegetable production; Based on the environmental impact lists of multiple subsystems, the impact potentials of multiple environmental impact types are determined, including: Determine the substances that each process causes emissions of each environmental impact type based on the environmental impact inventory of each subsystem; Based on the substances released by each process for each type of environmental impact, the impact potential of each type of environmental impact is determined using the following formula: Among them, AP(n) is the impact potential of the nth environmental impact type, Z(n) m,j PF(n) is the jth substance emitted by process m resulting in the nth type of environmental impact. m,j is the characterization factor of the jth substance emitted by the mth process leading to the nth environmental impact type, M is all the processes in the whole life cycle of solar greenhouse vegetable production, and J is the total amount of substances emitted in the whole life cycle of solar greenhouse vegetable production.

8. The method for optimizing the production process of greenhouse vegetables according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method uses a life cycle assessment method to determine the impact potential values ​​of multiple environmental impact types in the production process of greenhouse vegetables, and also includes: normalizing the impact potential values ​​of the environmental impact types to obtain normalized impact potential values; the normalized impact potential values ​​are: NEP(n)=AP(n) / ER(n); Among them, NEP(n) is the normalized potential value of the nth impact type, and ER(n) is the normalized reference value of the nth impact type.

9. The method for optimizing the production process of greenhouse vegetables according to claim 2, characterized in that: The types of environmental impacts specifically include: carbon footprint, fossil energy consumption, acidification, freshwater eutrophication, ozone layer depletion, hazards to human health caused by haze formation, terrestrial ecotoxicity, freshwater ecotoxicity and water resource consumption.

10. The method for optimizing the production process of greenhouse vegetables according to claim 2, characterized in that: The input and output data of the subsystem include foreground data and background data; the background data comes from the Ecoinvent database; the foreground data comes from research collection.

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