Non-emergency personnel exposure dose prediction and emergency protection measure optimization method

Abstract

The invention discloses a non-emergency personnel exposure dose prediction and emergency protection measure optimization method. The method comprises the following steps: constructing a reference coordinate system; obtaining an expected dose data set corresponding to the reference coordinate system, wherein the expected dose data set comprises an expected dose of each area in the nuclear power plant field area range; calculating a preventable dose corresponding to each emergency protection measure according to the expected dose data set; and selecting emergency protection measures to be executed according to the preventable dosage. By implementing the method, the exposure dose of the non-emergency personnel in the field area can be predicted according to the actual accident working condition of the nuclear power plant, and the optimization suggestion of the emergency protection measures is proposed, so that effective support is provided for decision making of emergency response actions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of nuclear accident emergency response, and in particular to a method for predicting the exposure dose of non-emergency personnel and optimizing emergency protection measures. Background Art

[0002] Non-emergency personnel refer to personnel who are not responsible for emergency response tasks within the nuclear power plant. According to the emergency plan of the nuclear power plant, under nuclear accident conditions, after entering the emergency state of the site, it is necessary to implement the collection and inventory of non-emergency personnel within the site, covert actions, and take protective actions such as iodine administration and evacuation in a timely manner. According to the requirements, the nuclear accident emergency agency of the nuclear power plant should do a good job in nuclear accident consequence prediction and evaluation and environmental radioactivity monitoring, etc., to provide a basis for taking nuclear accident emergency countermeasures and emergency protection measures.

[0003] At present, the prediction and evaluation of nuclear accident consequences of nuclear power plants under accident conditions mainly focus on off-site radiation consequences, and the emergency protection measures recommended based on this are also mainly for the public outside the site. For non-emergency personnel within the nuclear power plant site, the current main emergency protection measures are based on the status of the three barriers and the radiation monitoring level of the site. Among them, the status of the three barriers is a qualitative judgment, and the radiation monitoring level of the site is a quantitative judgment, which has a certain lag. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for predicting the exposure dose of non-emergency personnel and optimizing emergency protection measures.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: constructing a method for predicting the exposure dose of non-emergency personnel and optimizing emergency protection measures, which is applicable to non-emergency personnel within the nuclear power plant area. The method comprises the following steps:

[0006] S1. Construct a reference coordinate system;

[0007] S2. Acquire an expected dose data set corresponding to the reference coordinate system, wherein the expected dose data set includes an expected dose for each area within the nuclear power plant area;

[0008] S3. Calculate the preventable dose corresponding to each emergency protection measure according to the expected dose data set;

[0009] S4. Select emergency protection measures to be implemented based on the preventable dose.

[0010] Preferably, in the method for predicting the radiation dose of non-emergency personnel and optimizing emergency protection measures constructed by the present invention, step S1 includes the following steps:

[0011] S11, constructing a plane coordinate system with the reference reactor of the nuclear power plant as the center;

[0012] The plane coordinate system is composed of uniformly distributed cells, and the number of emergency assembly points in each cell is less than or equal to two;

[0013] S12, constructing a time coordinate system, wherein the time coordinate system includes an initial time, a time step, and a total calculation time;

[0014] Step S2 includes the following steps:

[0015] S21. Obtain accident source data and meteorological data;

[0016] S22, combining the accident source item data and the meteorological data, and calculating based on the atmospheric dispersion model and the dose model to obtain the expected dose data set corresponding to the reference coordinate system;

[0017] The expected dose data includes the expected effective dose and the expected thyroid dose of each cell in the plane coordinate system in each time step.

[0018] Preferably, in the method for predicting the exposure dose to non-emergency personnel and optimizing emergency protection measures constructed by the present invention, step S3 comprises:

[0019] S31. Based on the reference coordinate system, obtaining relevant characteristic parameters of the nuclear power plant;

[0020] S32. Calculate and obtain the preventable dose corresponding to each of the emergency protection measures according to the relevant characteristic parameters and the expected dose data set;

[0021] Wherein, step S31 includes:

[0022] Based on the plane coordinate system, obtaining coordinates of all reactors in the nuclear power plant;

[0023] Based on the plane coordinate system, obtaining coordinates of all emergency assembly points of the nuclear power plant;

[0024] Based on the plane coordinate system, coordinates and shielding characteristic parameters of all concealed locations in the nuclear power plant are obtained;

[0025] Based on the plane coordinate system, coordinates and evacuation characteristic parameters of all evacuation routes of the nuclear power plant are obtained.

[0026] Preferably, in the method for predicting the exposure dose of non-emergency personnel and optimizing emergency protection measures constructed by the present invention, the emergency protection measures include covert actions, and the preventable dose includes the preventable dose under the covert actions;

[0027] Step S31 also includes:

[0028] Based on the time coordinate system, obtaining the emergency assembly duration of the nuclear accident;

[0029] Step S32 is specifically as follows:

[0030] Calculate the effective dose of non-emergency personnel in the covert action according to the expected effective dose, the emergency assembly duration, the initial time and the shielding characteristic parameter;

[0031] Subtract the expected effective dose from the effective dose under the covert action to obtain the preventable dose for non-emergency personnel under the covert action;

[0032] The calculation formula of step S32 is expressed as:

[0033]

[0034] Among them, TED_shelter i is the effective dose for non-emergency personnel hiding near emergency assembly point i in covert action; SF i is the shielding characteristic parameter of the nearest hidden place of emergency assembly point i; T is the expected effective dose for non-emergency personnel at emergency assembly point i without emergency protection measures for no more than two days starting from the emergency assembly time point; 0 is the initial time; T ea is the duration of the emergency assembly; 2d means two days; AD_shelter i This is the preventable dose for the covert action.

[0035] Preferably, in the method for predicting the exposure dose of non-emergency personnel and optimizing emergency protection measures constructed by the present invention, the emergency protection measures include evacuation actions, and the preventable dose includes the preventable dose under the evacuation actions;

[0036] Step S31 also includes:

[0037] Based on the time coordinate system, obtaining the emergency assembly time and evacuation waiting time of the nuclear accident;

[0038] Step S32 is specifically as follows:

[0039] Calculate the effective dose of non-emergency personnel in the evacuation action according to the expected effective dose, the emergency assembly time, the evacuation waiting time, the initial time and the shielding characteristic parameter;

[0040] The preventable dose under the evacuation action for non-emergency personnel is obtained by subtracting the expected effective dose from the effective dose under the evacuation action;

[0041] The calculation formula of step S32 is expressed as:

[0042]

[0043] TED evacuationOnlyi =f(DoseDataSet,T ea ,T w ,T 0 ,er i );

[0044]

[0045] Among them, TED_evacuation i It is the effective dose for non-emergency personnel to hide and evacuate in a centralized manner at the emergency assembly point i during the evacuation operation; SF i is the shielding characteristic parameter of the nearest hidden place when the emergency assembly point i is waiting for evacuation; is the expected effective dose of non-emergency personnel at emergency assembly point i during the evacuation waiting time without emergency protection measures, starting from the emergency assembly time point; T 0 is the initial time; T ea is the duration of the emergency assembly; T w is the evacuation waiting time; DoseDataSet is the expected dose dataset; i For the evacuation route; TED evacuationOnlyi The expected effective dose during the concentrated evacuation process; The expected effective dose for non-emergency personnel at emergency assembly point i in the absence of emergency protective measures within seven days starting from the emergency assembly time point; 7d represents seven days; AD_evacuation i This is the dose that could be prevented under the evacuation action.

[0046] Preferably, in the method for predicting the exposure dose of non-emergency personnel and optimizing emergency protection measures constructed by the present invention, the emergency protection measures include iodine-taking action, and the preventable dose includes the preventable thyroid dose under the iodine-taking action;

[0047] Step S31 also includes:

[0048] Based on the time coordinate system, obtaining the emergency assembly time and evacuation waiting time of the nuclear accident;

[0049] Step S32 is specifically as follows:

[0050] Calculate the thyroid dose of non-emergency personnel under the iodine administration action according to the expected thyroid dose, the initial time, the emergency assembly time, the evacuation waiting time and the shielding characteristic parameter;

[0051] The preventable thyroid dose for non-emergency personnel under iodine-taking action is obtained by subtracting the expected thyroid dose from the thyroid dose under iodine-taking action.

[0052] The calculation formula of step S32 is expressed as:

[0053]

[0054] Among them, THYD i is the thyroid dose of non-emergency personnel at emergency assembly point i under iodine administration; SF i is the shielding characteristic parameter of the nearest hidden place of emergency assembly point i; T is the expected thyroid dose for non-emergency personnel at emergency assembly point i without emergency protection measures for no more than seven days starting from the emergency assembly time point; 0 is the initial time; T ea is the duration of the emergency assembly; 7d means seven days; AD_thyd i For the iodine action taken under the preventable thyroid dose.

[0055] Preferably, in the method for predicting the radiation dose to non-emergency personnel and optimizing emergency protection measures constructed by the present invention, the method further comprises the following steps:

[0056] S5. Determine the type of the emergency protection measures to be executed. If the type of the emergency protection measures to be executed includes evacuation action, select the evacuation route with the lowest expected radiation dose as the final evacuation route.

[0057] Preferably, in the method for predicting the exposure dose of non-emergency personnel and optimizing emergency protection measures constructed by the present invention, in step S5, the step of selecting the evacuation route with the lowest expected effective dose as the final evacuation route includes:

[0058] S51, obtaining all optional evacuation routes in the evacuation action;

[0059] S52, calculating and obtaining an expected effective dose of each optional evacuation route based on the relevant characteristic parameters;

[0060] S53. Compare the expected effective doses of all the optional evacuation routes, and record the evacuation route with the lowest expected effective dose as the final evacuation route.

[0061] Preferably, in the method for predicting the exposure dose of non-emergency personnel and optimizing emergency protection measures constructed by the present invention, step S52 is specifically as follows:

[0062] Based on the time coordinate system, the actual command issuing time, emergency assembly time and evacuation waiting time in the nuclear accident are obtained;

[0063] Calculate the expected effective dose of each optional evacuation route according to the relevant characteristic parameters, the initial time, the actual command issuance time, the emergency assembly time, the evacuation waiting time and the shielding characteristic parameters;

[0064] The calculation formula of step S52 is expressed as:

[0065]

[0066] TED evacuationOnlyi,j =f(DoseDataSet,T ea ,T w ,T c ,er i,j );

[0067] Among them, ERD i,j is the expected effective dose for non-emergency personnel evacuating from emergency assembly point i along route j;

[0068] SF i is the shielding parameter of the hidden place nearest to emergency assembly point i when waiting for evacuation; is the expected effective dose of non-emergency personnel at emergency assembly point i without emergency protection measures starting from the emergency assembly time point; T c is the actual command release time; T ea is the duration of the emergency assembly; T w Waiting time for the evacuation; TED evacuationOnlyi,j is the expected effective dose only in the centralized evacuation process; DoseDataSet is the expected dose dataset; i is the evacuation route.

[0069] Preferably, in the method for predicting the exposure dose of non-emergency personnel and optimizing emergency protection measures constructed by the present invention, step S4 is specifically:

[0070] Determine whether the preventable dose of the non-emergency personnel at any of the emergency assembly points in the assumed covert action exceeds the preset covert intervention level; if so, record the covert action and iodine-taking action as the emergency protection measures to be executed;

[0071] And / or, determine whether the preventable dose of non-emergency personnel at any of the emergency assembly points in the assumed evacuation action exceeds the preset evacuation intervention level. If so, record the evacuation action and iodine administration action as the emergency protection measures to be executed.

[0072] By implementing the present invention, the following beneficial effects are achieved:

[0073] The invention discloses a method for predicting the exposure dose of non-emergency personnel and optimizing emergency protection measures, which includes the following steps: constructing a reference coordinate system; obtaining an expected dose data set corresponding to the reference coordinate system, the expected dose data set including the expected dose of each area within the nuclear power plant area; calculating the preventable dose corresponding to each emergency protection measure according to the expected dose data set; and selecting the emergency protection measures to be executed according to the preventable dose. By implementing this method, the exposure dose of non-emergency personnel in the area can be predicted according to the actual accident conditions of the nuclear power plant, and optimization suggestions for emergency protection measures can be put forward, providing effective support for the decision-making of emergency response actions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0074] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which:

[0075] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method for predicting the exposure dose to non-emergency personnel and optimizing emergency protection measures in a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a plane coordinate system constructed in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0077] Figure 3 It is a flowchart of the method for predicting the exposure dose to non-emergency personnel and optimizing emergency protection measures in some other embodiments of the present invention when being executed in a computer program. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0078] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention are now described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0079] It should be noted that the flowcharts shown in the accompanying drawings are only exemplary and do not necessarily include all the contents and operations / steps, nor do they have to be executed in the order described. For example, some operations / steps can be decomposed, while some operations / steps can be combined or partially combined, so the actual execution order may change according to actual conditions.

[0080] The block diagrams shown in the accompanying drawings are only functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically independent entities. That is, these functional entities can be implemented in software form, or in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or in different networks and / or processor devices and / or microcontroller devices.

[0081] See also Figure 1The first embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for predicting the exposure dose of non-emergency personnel and optimizing emergency protection measures, which is applicable to non-emergency personnel within the nuclear power plant area, and includes the following steps: S1. Constructing a reference coordinate system; S2. Obtaining an expected dose data set corresponding to the reference coordinate system, wherein the expected dose data set includes the expected dose of each area within the nuclear power plant area; S3. Calculating the preventable dose corresponding to each emergency protection measure according to the expected dose data set; S4. Selecting the emergency protection measure to be executed according to the preventable dose. In the present invention, the exposure dose of non-emergency personnel refers to the physical quantity of the ionizing radiation energy received by non-emergency personnel, including the effective dose, thyroid dose, etc.

[0082] Furthermore, in order to accurately divide the site range of the nuclear power plant, so that all areas within the site range of the nuclear power plant are enclosed within a fixed evaluation range, and the data corresponding to all moments of the entire nuclear power plant can be recorded, in the method for predicting the exposure dose of non-emergency personnel and optimizing emergency protection measures disclosed in this embodiment, the construction of the reference coordinate system described in the above step S1 includes the following steps:

[0083] S11. Construct a plane coordinate system with the reference reactor of the nuclear power plant as the center; wherein the plane coordinate system is composed of uniformly distributed cells, and the number of emergency assembly points in each cell is less than or equal to two. If there are more than one reference reactors in the nuclear power plant, one of the reference reactors is selected as the target reference reactor, and a two-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system is constructed with the target reference reactor as the center to obtain a plane coordinate system. Preferably, a reference reactor closer to the center of the nuclear power plant is selected as the target reference reactor.

[0084] S12, constructing a time coordinate system, the time coordinate system includes an initial time T 0 , time step, total calculation time. Initial time T 0 Indicates the moment when radioactive substances begin to be released into the environment. The time step is the unit time length of the time coordinate system. The total calculation time is the time corresponding to the dose that can be prevented for the emergency protection action recommendation, and the maximum value of the total calculation time is seven days.

[0085] In some embodiments, before constructing a plane coordinate system, the spatial scope is first determined. For example, the nuclear power plant's reference reactor can be taken as the center, and the nuclear power plant site can be completely enclosed within a rectangular evaluation range with a certain side length to facilitate computer mapping and model management.

[0086] Furthermore, in the method for predicting the exposure dose of non-emergency personnel and optimizing emergency protection measures disclosed in this embodiment, the step S2 described above of acquiring an expected dose data set based on the reference coordinate system, wherein the expected dose data set includes an expected dose for each area within the nuclear power plant area, includes the following steps:

[0087] S21. Obtain accident source data and meteorological data.

[0088] S22. Combining the accident source item data and the meteorological data, the expected dose data set corresponding to the reference coordinate system is calculated based on the atmospheric diffusion model and the dose model; wherein the expected dose data includes the expected effective dose and the expected thyroid dose of each cell in the plane coordinate system in each time step.

[0089] For a specific nuclear accident prediction, the accident source item data and meteorological data of the nuclear power plant in the time period required for prediction are obtained for each cell within the nuclear power plant area, and the expected dose data set corresponding to the reference coordinate system is calculated based on the atmospheric dispersion model and the dose model. In the obtained expected dose data set, each cell has a set of expected dose data related to the time coordinate system, including the expected effective dose, the expected thyroid dose, and the time-related series of the irradiation dose of each pathway.

[0090] Furthermore, in the method for predicting the exposure dose of non-emergency personnel and optimizing emergency protection measures disclosed in this embodiment, step S3 includes the following steps: S31. Based on the reference coordinate system, obtaining relevant characteristic parameters of the nuclear power plant; S32. Calculating and obtaining the preventable dose corresponding to each of the emergency protection measures according to the relevant characteristic parameters and the expected dose data set.

[0091] Wherein, step S31 includes:

[0092] Based on the plane coordinate system, the coordinates and accident release characteristic parameters of all reactors in the nuclear power plant are obtained; accident characteristic parameters refer to reactor parameters that affect the release and dispersion of radioactive substances, such as the cross-sectional area of ​​the reactor building and the height of the chimney. For example, the information of all reactors within the nuclear power plant area can be obtained by preparing a reactor sequence [reactor] and combining it with the plane coordinate system. Each element of the reactor sequence contains the position information and accident release characteristic parameter information of the corresponding reactor, and the position of the reactor is represented in the form of coordinates in the Cartesian two-dimensional coordinate system.

[0093] Based on the plane coordinate system, the coordinates of all emergency assembly points of the nuclear power plant are obtained; for example, the information of all emergency assembly points within the nuclear power plant area can be obtained by preparing an emergency assembly point sequence [eap] and combining it with the plane coordinate system, and the positions of the emergency assembly points are represented by coordinates.

[0094] Based on the plane coordinate system, the coordinates and shielding characteristic parameters of all hidden places in the nuclear power plant are obtained; the hidden place can be a building near the emergency assembly point, which is used to provide a centralized and hidden place for the personnel in the nuclear power plant when waiting for evacuation after the assembly, and has a certain degree of shielding capability. The shielding characteristic parameters include the shielding coefficient of the building against external radiation. For example, the information of all hidden places within the nuclear power plant area can be obtained by preparing a hidden place sequence [hp] and combining it with a plane coordinate system. Each element of the hidden place sequence contains the location information and shielding characteristic parameter information of the corresponding hidden place, and the position of each hidden place is represented in the form of coordinates in the Cartesian two-dimensional coordinate system.

[0095] Based on the plane coordinate system, the coordinates and evacuation characteristic parameters of all evacuation routes of the nuclear power plant are obtained; the evacuation characteristic parameters include the traffic capacity of the evacuation road, usually referring to the driving speed. For example, the coordinate sequence and characteristic parameters of all evacuation routes within the nuclear power plant area can be obtained by preparing the evacuation route sequence [er] and combining it with the plane coordinate system, and the path of each evacuation route can be expressed in the plane coordinate system in the form of a coordinate sequence.

[0096] The data source for the above content can be the nuclear emergency plan within the nuclear power plant. Figure 2 By integrating the data of the nuclear emergency plan in the nuclear power plant with the constructed plane coordinate system, the relevant emergency places, accident source places and evacuation routes in the nuclear power plant can be more clearly reflected in the plane coordinate system in the form of coordinates.

[0097] Figure 2 The constructed plane coordinate system is shown in , including the target reference reactor as the center of the plane coordinate system, the rectangular evaluation range represented by the dotted line that completely envelops the nuclear power plant area, the non-emergency personnel within the nuclear power plant area, the emergency assembly point, the concealed place, the evacuation route and the shielding buildings represented by the shadow form. For non-emergency personnel, the nuclear accident emergency protection measures of the nuclear power plant mainly include concealment, evacuation and iodine administration after the nuclear accident. After the plane coordinate system is constructed, based on the two-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system, when the non-emergency personnel pass through each cell, the data of the corresponding time period of the cell in the expected dose data set is the exposure data of the non-emergency personnel.

[0098] Furthermore, in combination with the above-mentioned emergency assembly point sequence [eap], the expected dose data information of the cells corresponding to the coordinates of each emergency assembly point is arranged in chronological order, and the expected dose information of each emergency assembly point is the expected dose data information of the cell where the emergency assembly point is located.

[0099] Furthermore, in the method for predicting the exposure dose of non-emergency personnel and optimizing emergency protection measures disclosed in this embodiment, the emergency protection measures include covert actions, and the preventable dose includes the preventable dose under covert actions. Step S31 also includes: based on the time coordinate system, obtaining the emergency assembly duration of the nuclear accident.

[0100] Step S32 is specifically as follows: according to the expected effective dose, the duration of the emergency assembly, the initial time and the shielding characteristic parameters, the effective dose received by the non-emergency personnel in the covert action is calculated; the expected effective dose of the non-emergency personnel (not more than 2 days) and the effective dose of the non-emergency personnel in the covert action are subtracted to obtain the preventable dose of the non-emergency personnel in the covert action. Further, according to the calculated preventable dose of the individual non-emergency personnel in the covert action, if any emergency assembly point assumes the preventable dose AD_shelter of the non-emergency personnel in the field under the covert action i Exceeding the Covert Intervention Level GIL s , it is recommended that all non-emergency personnel in the site immediately hide and take iodine. The intervention level refers to the dose level that is pre-determined to determine the need for emergency protection measures for the public in an emergency state. The hidden intervention level is a preset value.

[0101] The calculation formula of step S32 is expressed as:

[0102]

[0103] Among them, TED_shelter i is the effective dose for non-emergency personnel hiding near emergency assembly point i in covert action; SF i is the shielding characteristic parameter of the nearest hidden place of emergency assembly point i; T is the expected effective dose for non-emergency personnel at emergency assembly point i without emergency protection measures for no more than two days starting from the emergency assembly time point; 0 is the initial time; T ea is the duration of the emergency assembly; 2d means two days; AD_shelter i It is the preventable dose under the above covert action. Hiding nearby refers to the behavior of non-emergency personnel who gather at the emergency assembly point hiding in a hidden place where the emergency assembly point is located or a hidden place near the emergency assembly point and waiting for the next instruction.

[0104] Furthermore, assuming that an evacuation action is performed, the effective dose prediction and preventable dose prediction of the evacuation action can be performed for non-emergency personnel in the nuclear power plant area: according to the given emergency assembly time, evacuation waiting time, etc., all emergency assembly points are calculated one by one to obtain the effective dose of the personnel (individuals) at the emergency assembly point who hide nearby and evacuate in a concentrated manner under the assumed evacuation action, and further calculate the preventable dose of the personnel (individuals) at the emergency assembly point under the assumed evacuation action. In the method for predicting the exposure dose of non-emergency personnel and optimizing emergency protection measures disclosed in this embodiment, the emergency protection measures include evacuation actions, and the preventable dose includes the preventable dose under evacuation actions; step S31 also includes: based on the time coordinate system, obtaining the emergency assembly time and evacuation waiting time of the nuclear accident.

[0105] Step S32 is specifically as follows: according to the expected effective dose, the emergency assembly time, the evacuation waiting time, the initial moment and the shielding characteristic parameters, the effective dose received by the non-emergency personnel under the evacuation action is calculated; the expected effective dose of the non-emergency personnel (not exceeding 7 days) and the effective dose of the non-emergency personnel under the evacuation action are subtracted to obtain the preventable dose of the non-emergency personnel under the evacuation action. The evacuation waiting time refers to the time from the arrival of the non-emergency personnel at the emergency assembly point to the start of the evacuation action, which is equivalent to the time that the non-emergency personnel hide nearby and wait for evacuation after gathering at the emergency assembly point.

[0106] If any emergency assembly point assumes that the non-emergency personnel (individuals) in the area under the evacuation action can prevent the dose AD_evacuation i Exceeding the evacuation intervention level GIL e , it is recommended that all non-emergency personnel in the area evacuate immediately and take iodine.

[0107] The calculation formula of step S32 is expressed as:

[0108]

[0109] TED evacuationOnlyi =f(DoseDataSet,T ea ,T w ,T 0 ,er i );

[0110]

[0111] Among them, TED_evacuation i It is the effective dose for non-emergency personnel to hide and evacuate in a centralized manner at the emergency assembly point i during the evacuation operation; SF i is the shielding characteristic parameter of the nearest hidden place when the emergency assembly point i is waiting for evacuation; is the expected effective dose of non-emergency personnel at emergency assembly point i during the evacuation waiting time without emergency protection measures, starting from the emergency assembly time point; T 0 is the initial time; T ea is the duration of the emergency assembly; T w is the evacuation waiting time; DoseDataSet is the expected dose dataset; i For the evacuation route; TED evacuationOnlyi The expected effective dose during the concentrated evacuation process; The expected effective dose for non-emergency personnel at emergency assembly point i in the absence of emergency protective measures within seven days starting from the emergency assembly time point; 7d represents seven days; AD_evacuation i This is the dose that could be prevented under the evacuation action.

[0112] Furthermore, assuming that the iodine-taking action is implemented, the preventable thyroid dose of non-emergency personnel within the nuclear power plant area is predicted as follows: According to the given emergency assembly time, all emergency assembly points can be calculated one by one to obtain the residual dose of iodine taken by non-emergency personnel at each emergency assembly point, and the preventable thyroid dose of personnel at each emergency assembly point when the iodine-taking action is assumed to be implemented can be further calculated. In the method for predicting the exposure dose of non-emergency personnel and optimizing emergency protection measures disclosed in this embodiment, the emergency protection measures include iodine-taking actions, and the preventable dose includes the preventable dose under iodine-taking actions.

[0113] Step S31 also includes: based on the time coordinate system, obtaining the emergency assembly time and evacuation waiting time of the nuclear accident.

[0114] Step S32 is specifically as follows: according to the expected thyroid dose, the initial moment, the emergency assembly time, the evacuation waiting time and the shielding characteristic parameters, the thyroid dose of non-emergency personnel under the iodine-taking action is calculated; the expected thyroid dose is subtracted from the thyroid dose under the iodine-taking action to obtain the preventable thyroid dose of non-emergency personnel under the iodine-taking action.

[0115] The calculation formula of step S32 is expressed as:

[0116]

[0117] Among them, THYD i is the thyroid dose of non-emergency personnel at emergency assembly point i under iodine administration; SF i is the shielding characteristic parameter of the nearest hidden place of emergency assembly point i; T is the expected thyroid dose for non-emergency personnel at emergency assembly point i without emergency protection measures for no more than seven days starting from the emergency assembly time point;0 is the initial time; T ea is the duration of the emergency assembly; 7d means seven days; AD_thyd i To prevent thyroid damage under the action of iodine.

[0118] Furthermore, in the method for predicting the exposure dose to non-emergency personnel and optimizing emergency protection measures disclosed in this embodiment, the method also includes step S5, determining the type of the emergency protection measures to be executed; if the type of the emergency protection measures to be executed includes evacuation action, then selecting the evacuation route with the lowest expected effective dose as the final evacuation route.

[0119] Furthermore, if the actual order issued by the emergency command center is to evacuate non-emergency personnel from the site, and there are multiple evacuation routes, for example, the number of elements in the evacuation route sequence [er] is greater than 1, then all elements in the emergency assembly point sequence [eap] are traversed, and the expected effective dose of each evacuation route is calculated one by one according to the time when the actual order is issued, the given emergency assembly time and the evacuation waiting time, etc. Therefore, in the method for predicting the exposure dose of non-emergency personnel and optimizing emergency protection measures disclosed in this embodiment, in step S5, the selection of the evacuation route with the lowest expected effective dose as the final evacuation route includes: S51, obtaining all the optional evacuation routes in the evacuation action; S52, calculating the expected effective dose of each optional evacuation route based on the relevant characteristic parameters; S53, comparing the expected effective doses of all the optional evacuation routes, and recording the evacuation route with the lowest expected effective dose as the final evacuation route.

[0120] Further, in the method for predicting the exposure dose of non-emergency personnel and optimizing emergency protection measures disclosed in this embodiment, step S52 is specifically: based on the time coordinate system, obtain the actual command release time, emergency assembly time and evacuation waiting time in the nuclear accident; according to the relevant characteristic parameters, the initial moment, the actual command release time, the emergency assembly time, the evacuation waiting time and the shielding characteristic parameters, calculate and obtain the expected effective dose of each optional evacuation route. The calculation formula of step S52 is expressed as:

[0121]

[0122] TED evacuationOnlyi,j =f(DoseDataSet,T ea ,T w ,T c ,er i,j );

[0123] Among them, ERD i,jis the expected effective dose for non-emergency personnel evacuating from emergency assembly point i along route j;

[0124] SF i is the shielding parameter of the hidden place nearest to emergency assembly point i when waiting for evacuation; is the expected effective dose of non-emergency personnel at emergency assembly point i without emergency protection measures starting from the emergency assembly time point; T c is the actual command release time; T ea is the duration of the emergency assembly; T w Waiting time for the evacuation; TED evacuationOnlyi,j is to consider only the expected effective dose during the centralized evacuation process; DoseDataSet is the expected dose dataset; i,j Said evacuation route along the route for non-emergency personnel at the emergency assembly point.

[0125] Furthermore, in the method for predicting the exposure dose of non-emergency personnel and optimizing emergency protection measures disclosed in this embodiment, step S4 includes: judging whether the preventable dose of non-emergency personnel at any of the emergency assembly points in covert actions exceeds the preset covert intervention level, and if so, recording the covert actions and iodine-taking actions as the emergency protection measures to be executed; judging whether the preventable dose of non-emergency personnel at any of the emergency assembly points in evacuation actions exceeds the preset evacuation intervention level, and if so, recording the evacuation actions and iodine-taking actions as the emergency protection measures to be executed.

[0126] Alternatively, in other embodiments, step S4 is specifically as follows: S41. Determine whether the preventable dose exceeds the preset concealed intervention level. If so, the concealed action is recorded as the emergency protection measure to be executed. If the preventable dose of non-emergency personnel at any emergency assembly point under the concealed action exceeds the concealed intervention level, it is recommended that all non-emergency personnel within the nuclear power plant area immediately hide and take iodine. S42. Determine whether the preventable dose exceeds the preset evacuation intervention level. If so, the evacuation action is recorded as the emergency protection measure to be executed. If the preventable dose of non-emergency personnel at any emergency assembly point under the evacuation action exceeds the evacuation intervention level, it is recommended that all non-emergency personnel within the nuclear power plant area immediately evacuate and take iodine.

[0127] In some embodiments, the above steps S41 and S42 do not distinguish between the order of precedence, and when the evacuation preventable dose exceeds the evacuation intervention level, the evacuation action is preferentially performed regardless of whether the concealed preventable dose is higher than the concealed intervention level.

[0128] Some other embodiments of the present invention disclose a flowchart of a computer program that can execute the method for predicting the dose of non-emergency personnel and optimizing emergency protection measures in the first embodiment. These computer programs can be stored in a storage medium and can also be executed by a processor. Usually, when the method for predicting the dose of non-emergency personnel and optimizing emergency protection measures is executed as a computer program, there is no difference from the steps described in the first embodiment. However, in some embodiments, since the content of step S31 can be executed in advance and a database can be constructed for use at any time, see Figure 3 Before executing step S1, part of step S3 may be executed first, that is, predictive preparation is performed in advance, including: determining the evaluation scope, determining a rectangular evaluation scope enveloping the nuclear power plant area with a certain side length; establishing a plane coordinate system and a time coordinate system; and preparing a reactor sequence, an emergency assembly point sequence, a concealed place sequence, and an evacuation route sequence based on the plane coordinate system and the time coordinate system.

[0129] After completing the above prediction preparation work, the expected dose data set calculation based on the plane coordinate system and the expected dose calculation of the emergency assembly point are carried out, and then the preventable dose prediction of covert action, evacuation action and iodine administration action is carried out, and the corresponding preventable doses and intervention levels are compared respectively, so as to determine which emergency protection measures should be selected and implemented, and the emergency protection measures recommendations are implemented.

[0130] By implementing the present invention, the following beneficial effects are achieved:

[0131] The present invention discloses a method for predicting the exposure dose of non-emergency personnel and optimizing emergency protection measures, the method comprising the following steps: constructing a reference coordinate system; obtaining an expected dose data set based on the reference coordinate system, the expected dose data set including the expected dose of each area within the nuclear power plant area; calculating the preventable dose corresponding to each emergency protection measure according to the expected dose data set; selecting the emergency protection measure to be executed according to the preventable dose. By implementing this method, the exposure dose of non-emergency personnel in the nuclear power plant can be effectively predicted, and the preventable dose of each emergency protection measure can be calculated based on the predicted expected dose, thereby providing an accurate reference for the selection of emergency protection measures after a nuclear accident, so that non-emergency personnel can obtain effective emergency protection measures. On the basis that the selected emergency protection measure is an evacuation action, an emergency protection measure optimization step can be further performed to reduce the exposure dose of non-emergency personnel during the evacuation action.

[0132] Based on the method for predicting the exposure dose to non-emergency personnel and optimizing emergency protection measures disclosed in the present invention, the exposure dose to non-emergency personnel in the site can be calculated and predicted in combination with the actual accident conditions of the nuclear power plant; suggestions can also be provided for emergency protection measures for non-emergency personnel based on the prediction results; and suggestions for optimizing emergency protection measures for non-emergency personnel in the site can be further provided based on the actual orders of the emergency command center.

[0133] It can be understood that the above embodiments only express the preferred implementation modes of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the patent scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, without departing from the concept of the present invention, the above embodiments or technical features can be freely combined, and several deformations and improvements can be made, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention, that is, the embodiments described in "some embodiments" can be freely combined with any of the above and below embodiments. Therefore, all equivalent changes and modifications made to the scope of the claims of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for predicting the exposure dose of non-emergency personnel and optimizing emergency protection measures, applicable to non-emergency personnel within the scope of a nuclear power plant, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1. Construct a reference coordinate system; S2. Acquire an expected dose data set corresponding to the reference coordinate system, wherein the expected dose data set includes an expected dose for each area within the nuclear power plant area; S3. Calculate the preventable dose corresponding to each emergency protection measure according to the expected dose data set; S4. Select emergency protection measures to be implemented based on the preventable dose.

2. The method for predicting the exposure dose of non-emergency personnel and optimizing emergency protection measures according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Step S1 includes the following steps: S11, constructing a plane coordinate system with the reference reactor of the nuclear power plant as the center; The plane coordinate system is composed of uniformly distributed cells, and the number of emergency assembly points in each cell is less than or equal to two; S12, constructing a time coordinate system, wherein the time coordinate system includes an initial time, a time step, and a total calculation time; Step S2 includes the following steps: S21. Obtain accident source data and meteorological data; S22, combining the accident source item data and the meteorological data, and calculating based on the atmospheric dispersion model and the dose model to obtain the expected dose data set corresponding to the reference coordinate system; The expected dose data includes the expected effective dose and the expected thyroid dose of each cell in the plane coordinate system in each time step.

3. The method for predicting the radiation dose of non-emergency personnel and optimizing emergency protection measures according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Step S3 includes: S31. Based on the reference coordinate system, obtaining relevant characteristic parameters of the nuclear power plant; S32. Calculate and obtain the preventable dose corresponding to each of the emergency protection measures according to the relevant characteristic parameters and the expected dose data set; Wherein, step S31 includes: Based on the plane coordinate system, obtaining coordinates of all reactors in the nuclear power plant; Based on the plane coordinate system, obtaining coordinates of all emergency assembly points of the nuclear power plant; Based on the plane coordinate system, coordinates and shielding characteristic parameters of all concealed locations in the nuclear power plant are obtained; Based on the plane coordinate system, coordinates and evacuation characteristic parameters of all evacuation routes of the nuclear power plant are obtained.

4. The method for predicting the radiation dose of non-emergency personnel and optimizing emergency protection measures according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The emergency protection measures include concealed actions, and the preventable dose includes the preventable dose under the concealed actions; Step S31 also includes: Based on the time coordinate system, obtaining the emergency assembly duration of the nuclear accident; Step S32 is specifically as follows: Calculate the effective dose of non-emergency personnel in the covert action according to the expected effective dose, the emergency assembly duration, the initial time and the shielding characteristic parameter; Subtract the expected effective dose from the effective dose under the covert action to obtain the preventable dose for non-emergency personnel under the covert action; The calculation formula of step S32 is expressed as: Among them, TED_shelter i is the effective dose for non-emergency personnel hiding near emergency assembly point i in covert action; SF i is the shielding characteristic parameter of the nearest hidden place of emergency assembly point i; is the expected effective dose for non-emergency personnel at emergency assembly point i for no more than two days without emergency protection measures, starting from the emergency assembly time point; T0 is the initial time; T ea is the duration of the emergency assembly; 2d means two days; AD_shelter i This is the preventable dose for the covert action.

5. The method for predicting the exposure dose of non-emergency personnel and optimizing emergency protection measures according to claim 3, characterized in that: The emergency protection measures include evacuation actions, and the preventable dose includes the preventable dose under the evacuation actions; Step S31 also includes: Based on the time coordinate system, obtaining the emergency assembly time and evacuation waiting time of the nuclear accident; Step S32 is specifically as follows: Calculate the effective dose of non-emergency personnel in the evacuation action according to the expected effective dose, the emergency assembly time, the evacuation waiting time, the initial time and the shielding characteristic parameter; The preventable dose under the evacuation action for non-emergency personnel is obtained by subtracting the expected effective dose from the effective dose under the evacuation action; The calculation formula of step S32 is expressed as: TED evacuationOnlyi =f(DoseDataSet,T ea ,T w ,T0,is i ); Among them, TED_evacuation i It is the effective dose for non-emergency personnel to hide and evacuate in a centralized manner at the emergency assembly point i during the evacuation operation; SF i is the shielding characteristic parameter of the nearest hidden place when the emergency assembly point i is waiting for evacuation; is the expected effective dose of non-emergency personnel at emergency assembly point i during the evacuation waiting time without emergency protection measures, starting from the emergency assembly time point; T0 is the initial time; T ea is the duration of the emergency assembly; T w is the evacuation waiting time; DoseDataSet is the expected dose dataset; i For the evacuation route; TED evacuationOnlyi The expected effective dose during the centralized evacuation process; The expected effective dose for non-emergency personnel at emergency assembly point i in the absence of emergency protective measures within seven days starting from the emergency assembly time point; 7d represents seven days; AD_evacuation i This is the dose that could be prevented under the evacuation action.

6. The method for predicting the radiation dose of non-emergency personnel and optimizing emergency protection measures according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The emergency protection measures include iodine administration, and the preventable dose includes the preventable dose under the iodine administration; Step S31 also includes: Based on the time coordinate system, obtaining the emergency assembly time and evacuation waiting time of the nuclear accident; Step S32 is specifically as follows: Calculate the thyroid dose of non-emergency personnel under the iodine administration action according to the expected thyroid dose, the initial time, the emergency assembly time, the evacuation waiting time and the shielding characteristic parameter; The preventable thyroid dose for non-emergency personnel under iodine-taking action is obtained by subtracting the expected thyroid dose from the thyroid dose under iodine-taking action. The calculation formula of step S32 is expressed as: Among them, THYD i is the thyroid dose of non-emergency personnel at emergency assembly point i under iodine administration; SF i is the shielding characteristic parameter of the nearest hidden place of emergency assembly point i; is the expected thyroid dose of non-emergency personnel at emergency assembly point i without emergency protection measures for no more than seven days starting from the emergency assembly time point; T0 is the initial time; T ea is the duration of the emergency assembly; 7d means seven days; AD_thyd i For the iodine action taken under the preventable thyroid dose.

7. The method for predicting the exposure dose of non-emergency personnel and optimizing emergency protection measures according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The method further comprises the following steps: S5. Determine the type of the emergency protection measures to be executed. If the type of the emergency protection measures to be executed includes evacuation action, select the evacuation route with the lowest expected effective dose as the final evacuation route.

8. The method for predicting the radiation dose of non-emergency personnel and optimizing emergency protection measures according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S5, selecting the evacuation route with the lowest expected effective dose as the final evacuation route includes: S51, obtaining all optional evacuation routes in the evacuation action; S52, calculating and obtaining an expected effective dose of each optional evacuation route based on the relevant characteristic parameters; S53. Compare the expected effective doses of all the optional evacuation routes, and record the evacuation route with the lowest expected effective dose as the final evacuation route.

9. The method for predicting the radiation dose of non-emergency personnel and optimizing emergency protection measures according to claim 8, characterized in that: Step S52 is specifically as follows: Based on the time coordinate system, the actual command issuing time, emergency assembly time and evacuation waiting time in the nuclear accident are obtained; Calculate the expected effective dose of each optional evacuation route according to the relevant characteristic parameters, the initial time, the actual command issuance time, the emergency assembly time, the evacuation waiting time and the shielding characteristic parameters; The calculation formula of step S52 is expressed as: TED evacuationOnlyi,j =f(DoseDataSet,T ea ,T w ,T c ,is i,j ); Among them, ERD i,j is the expected effective dose for non-emergency personnel evacuating from emergency assembly point i along route j; SF i is the shielding parameter of the hidden place nearest to emergency assembly point i when waiting for evacuation; is the expected effective dose of non-emergency personnel at emergency assembly point i without emergency protection measures starting from the emergency assembly time point; T c is the actual command release time; T ea is the duration of the emergency assembly; T w Waiting time for the evacuation; TED evacuationOnlyi,j is the expected effective dose only in the centralized evacuation process; DoseDataSet is the expected dose dataset; i is the evacuation route.

10. The method for predicting the exposure dose of non-emergency personnel and optimizing emergency protection measures according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: Step S4 is specifically as follows: Determine whether the preventable dose of the non-emergency personnel at any of the emergency assembly points in the assumed covert action exceeds the preset covert intervention level; if so, record the covert action and iodine-taking action as the emergency protection measures to be executed; And / or, determine whether the preventable dose of non-emergency personnel at any of the emergency assembly points in the assumed evacuation action exceeds the preset evacuation intervention level. If so, record the evacuation action and iodine administration action as the emergency protection measures to be executed.

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