Fertilization management method based on rice growth environment monitoring and leaf age identification

Abstract

The invention provides a fertilization management method based on rice growth environment monitoring and leaf age identification, and relates to the technical field of rice planting. Generating an external environment fertilization evaluation coefficient reflecting the evaluation value of the amount of fertilizer needing to be applied to the rice under the action of the current temperature, humidity, illumination and CO2 concentration, performing correlation analysis on the soil humidity and the conductivity, and generating a soil fertilization evaluation coefficient reflecting the evaluation value of the amount of fertilizer needing to be applied to the rice under the action of the current soil conductivity and humidity; meanwhile, the leaf age of the rice is preprocessed, a leaf age fertilization evaluation coefficient reflecting the evaluation value of the amount of fertilizer needing to be applied to the rice at the current leaf age of the rice is generated, the urgent degree of fertilizer needing to be applied to the rice planted in the greenhouse at present is comprehensively evaluated from multiple aspects, errors caused by manual judgment are avoided, and the accuracy of fertilization is improved. Therefore, the accuracy of fertilization management is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rice planting, and in particular to a fertilization management method based on rice growth environment monitoring and leaf age identification. Background Art

[0002] Greenhouse rice cultivation is a technology that uses a greenhouse or greenhouse environment to grow rice. This method is widely used in some areas where climatic conditions are not ideal or production efficiency needs to be improved. The advantages of greenhouse rice cultivation are as follows: temperature control, the greenhouse can effectively regulate the temperature, provide an environment suitable for rice growth, and improve the success rate of planting; stress resistance, it can resist low temperature, wind damage, drought and other adverse weather conditions, thereby ensuring the growth of rice; water resource management, more precise irrigation management can be achieved in the greenhouse, reducing water evaporation and improving water resource utilization efficiency; pest and disease management, the greenhouse environment is relatively closed, which can effectively reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases and reduce the use of pesticides.

[0003] During the greenhouse rice planting process, the temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide concentration, soil nutrients, and rice growth effects of each rice greenhouse are different. These differences will lead to certain differences in the urgency of fertilization required for rice growth in each rice greenhouse. The general manual experience judgment method has extremely high error and cannot comprehensively judge the urgency of rice fertilization based on the actual temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide concentration, soil nutrients, and rice growth effects.

[0004] The above information disclosed in this Background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the present disclosure and therefore it may contain information that does not constitute the prior art that is already known to one of ordinary skill in the art. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fertilization management method based on rice growth environment monitoring and leaf age identification to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The fertilization management method based on rice growth environment monitoring and leaf age recognition is characterized in that the specific steps include:

[0008] S1. Divide the planting area in the rice planting greenhouse into units, each unit is a square area of ​​1x1 meter, and number each unit in the order of 1, 2, 3, ..., i, ..., N;

[0009] S2. A data acquisition system is set at each unit in the rice planting greenhouse to collect the temperature, humidity, light, and CO2 concentration in the rice planting greenhouse, and a soil parameter acquisition system is set in the rice planting soil of each unit to collect the soil moisture and soil conductivity of the rice planting soil;

[0010] S3, setting a camera in each unit to capture the grayscale image of the rice leaves;

[0011] S4, performing correlation analysis on the temperature, humidity, light, and CO2 concentration collected by the data acquisition system to generate an external environment fertilization evaluation coefficient, wherein the external environment fertilization evaluation coefficient is used to reflect the evaluation value of the amount of fertilizer that needs to be applied to rice under the current temperature, humidity, light, and CO2 concentration;

[0012] S5, performing correlation analysis on the soil moisture and soil conductivity collected by the soil parameter collection system to generate a soil fertilization evaluation coefficient, wherein the soil fertilization evaluation coefficient is used to reflect the evaluation value of the amount of fertilizer that needs to be applied to rice under the current soil conductivity and humidity;

[0013] S6, preprocessing the grayscale image of the rice leaf to generate a leaf age fertilization evaluation coefficient YSP, wherein the leaf age fertilization evaluation coefficient YSP is used to reflect the evaluation value of the amount of fertilizer that needs to be applied to the rice at the current leaf age of the rice leaf;

[0014] S7. Perform correlation analysis on the leaf age fertilization evaluation coefficient, the soil fertilization evaluation coefficient, and the external environment fertilization evaluation coefficient to generate a comprehensive rice fertilization evaluation coefficient, which is used to reflect the evaluation value of the comprehensive fertilizer amount currently required to be applied to the rice.

[0015] Furthermore, the data acquisition system is composed of a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a light sensor, and a CO2 concentration sensor, wherein the temperature sensor, humidity sensor, and light sensor are arranged 1 meter above the rice in the unit and are evenly distributed, and the CO2 concentration sensor is arranged 0.5 meter above the rice in the unit. The soil parameter acquisition system adopts a soil moisture sensor and a conductivity sensor, and the soil moisture sensor and the conductivity sensor are both buried in the rice-growing soil in the unit at a depth of 0.2 meters.

[0016] Furthermore, the camera is set at a height of 1.5 meters.

[0017] Furthermore, each unit is a square area of ​​1x1 meter, and the temperature, humidity, light, and CO2 concentration collected by the data acquisition system are respectively expressed as T i , H i , L i , C i Indicates that the subscript i represents the index of the unit, for temperature Ti 、Humidity i , light L i 、CO2 concentration C i Correlation analysis is performed to generate standard temperature T, standard humidity H, standard light L, and standard CO2 concentration C, based on the following formula:

[0018]

[0019] Where N is the number of divided units, They are the mean temperature, mean humidity, mean light intensity, and mean CO2 concentration, respectively, and the formula they are based on is:

[0020]

[0021] Standard temperature T, standard humidity H, standard light L, and standard CO2 concentration C are used to standardize the data of temperature, humidity, light intensity, and CO2 concentration, respectively, so that parameters of different dimensions can be processed together.

[0022] Furthermore, a correlation analysis is performed on the standard temperature T, standard humidity H, standard light L, and standard CO2 concentration C to generate the external environment fertilization evaluation coefficient WSP. The formula used is:

[0023] WSP=aT+bH+cL+dC

[0024] Among them, a, b, c, and d are the temperature weight coefficient, humidity weight coefficient, light weight coefficient, and concentration weight coefficient, respectively.

[0025] Furthermore, the soil moisture collected by the i-th unit is expressed as S i The soil conductivity is expressed in G i Indicates that soil moisture S i , soil conductivity G i Preprocess them separately to generate mean soil moisture and mean conductivity The formula is:

[0026]

[0027] Mean soil moisture and mean conductivity Correlation processing is performed to generate standard soil moisture S and standard mean conductivity G, based on the following formula:

[0028]

[0029] The standard soil moisture S and the standard mean electrical conductivity G are used to non-dimensionalize the soil moisture and electrical conductivity. The standard soil moisture S and the standard mean electrical conductivity G are subjected to correlation analysis to generate the soil fertilization evaluation coefficient TSP. The formula is as follows:

[0030] TSP=F*[e*(S o -S)+f*(G o -G)]

[0031] Among them, F is the current fertilizer application amount, e and f are the soil moisture weight factor and soil conductivity weight factor respectively, S o is the optimal soil moisture coefficient, G o is the optimal soil conductivity coefficient. The soil fertilization evaluation coefficient is used to reflect the evaluation value of the amount of fertilizer that needs to be applied to rice under the current soil conductivity and humidity.

[0032] Further, a grayscale image of a rice leaf is obtained, each grayscale image of a rice leaf corresponds to a marked leaf age, and the grayscale image of the rice leaf is used as a sample, and the corresponding marked leaf age is used as a label to train the initial neural network to obtain a grayscale image-leaf age model. In S3, the grayscale image of the collected rice leaf is captured, and the leaf age of the rice leaf of the i-th unit is represented by U i Indicates that the leaf age of rice is U i Correlation analysis is performed to generate the leaf age fertilization evaluation coefficient YSP, based on the following formula:

[0033]

[0034] Among them, U i The unit is days, F is the current fertilizer amount, g is the leaf age weight coefficient, and the leaf age fertilization evaluation coefficient YSP is used to reflect the evaluation value of the fertilizer amount that needs to be applied to rice under the current rice leaf age.

[0035] Furthermore, a multivariate linear regression model was established, the fertilization effect was set to 1, and the equation group was set as follows:

[0036]

[0037] Convert the above system of equations into matrix form:

[0038] Y=XW+∈

[0039] in, ∈ N is the deviation factor, and the value range of the deviation factor is

[0040] The matrix W is output by the least squares method, and the formula is: W = (X T X)-1 X T Y, output the values ​​of a, b, c, d, e, f, and g.

[0041] Furthermore, the leaf age fertilization evaluation coefficient YSP, soil fertilization evaluation coefficient TSP, and external environment fertilization evaluation coefficient WSP were subjected to correlation analysis to generate the rice comprehensive fertilization evaluation coefficient ZSP, based on the following formula:

[0042]

[0043] The rice comprehensive fertilization evaluation coefficient ZSP is used to reflect the comprehensive fertilizer evaluation value required for the current rice. The fertilization threshold θ is set, and the value of θ is 105.7. When ZSP>θ, it means that the current rice fertilizer level is level 1, and the confidence level of rice fertilizer is 95%; when It means that the current level of fertilizer required for rice is level 2, and the confidence level of fertilizer required for rice is 70%. It indicates that the current level of fertilizer required for rice is level three, and the confidence level of fertilizer required for rice is 10%; the confidence level of fertilizer required for rice is used to reflect the confidence level of the amount of fertilizer required for rice.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0045] The present invention collects and analyzes the temperature, humidity, light and carbon dioxide concentration in the rice planting greenhouse to generate an external environment fertilization evaluation coefficient reflecting the evaluation value of the amount of fertilizer to be applied to the rice under the current temperature, humidity, light and CO2 concentration, and performs correlation analysis on soil moisture and electrical conductivity to generate a soil fertilization evaluation coefficient reflecting the evaluation value of the amount of fertilizer to be applied to the rice under the current soil electrical conductivity and humidity. At the same time, the leaf age of the rice is pre-processed to generate a leaf age fertilization evaluation coefficient reflecting the evaluation value of the amount of fertilizer to be applied to the rice under the current leaf age of the rice leaves. The present invention comprehensively evaluates the urgency of the current fertilization required for greenhouse rice planting from multiple aspects such as temperature, humidity, light, carbon dioxide concentration, soil moisture, electrical conductivity and leaf age, avoids the error of manual judgment, and thus improves the accuracy of fertilization management. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall method flow of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0048] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0049] Example:

[0050] See also Figure 1 , the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0051] The fertilization management method based on rice growth environment monitoring and leaf age identification is suitable for rice planting under greenhouse conditions. The specific steps include:

[0052] Step 1: Divide the planting area in the rice greenhouse into units, each unit is a square area of ​​1x1 meter, and number each unit in the order of 1, 2, 3, ..., i, ..., N;

[0053] Step 2: A data acquisition system is set up in each unit of the rice planting greenhouse to collect the temperature, humidity, light, and CO2 concentration in the rice planting greenhouse, and a soil parameter acquisition system is set up in the rice planting soil of each unit to collect the soil moisture and soil conductivity of the rice planting soil;

[0054] Step 3: Set a camera in each unit to capture the grayscale image of rice leaves; the camera is set at a height of 1.5 meters;

[0055] Step 4: Conduct correlation analysis on the temperature, humidity, light, and CO2 concentrations collected by the data acquisition system to generate an external environment fertilization evaluation coefficient, which is used to reflect the evaluation value of the amount of fertilizer that needs to be applied to rice under the current temperature, humidity, light, and CO2 concentrations;

[0056] The data acquisition system uses temperature sensors, humidity sensors, light sensors, and CO2 concentration sensors to collect data. The temperature sensor, humidity sensor, and light sensor are evenly distributed 1 meter above the rice. The CO2 concentration sensor is 0.5 meters above the rice. The soil parameter acquisition system uses soil moisture sensors and conductivity sensors. The soil moisture sensors and conductivity sensors are buried in the rice-growing soil at a depth of 0.2 meters. The data acquisition system and soil parameter acquisition system are arranged in a grid.

[0057] Each unit is a square area of ​​1x1 meter. The temperature, humidity, light, and CO2 concentration collected by the data acquisition system are respectively expressed as T i , H i , L i , C i Indicates that the subscript i represents the index of the unit, for temperature T i 、Humidity i , light L i 、CO2 concentration C i Correlation analysis is performed to generate standard temperature T, standard humidity H, standard light L, and standard CO2 concentration C, based on the following formula:

[0058]

[0059] Where N is the number of divided units, They are the mean temperature, mean humidity, mean light intensity, and mean CO2 concentration, respectively, and the formula they are based on is:

[0060]

[0061] Standard temperature T, standard humidity H, standard light L, and standard CO2 concentration C are used to standardize the data of temperature, humidity, light intensity, and CO2 concentration, respectively, so that parameters of different dimensions can be processed together.

[0062] The correlation analysis of standard temperature T, standard humidity H, standard light L, and standard CO2 concentration C was performed to generate the external environment fertilization evaluation coefficient WSP. The formula used is:

[0063] WSP=aT+bH+cL+dC

[0064] Among them, a, b, c, and d are the temperature weight coefficient, humidity weight coefficient, light weight coefficient, and concentration weight coefficient, respectively. The external environment fertilization evaluation coefficient is used to reflect the evaluation value of the amount of fertilizer that needs to be applied to rice under the current temperature, humidity, light, and CO2 concentration.

[0065] Step 5: Perform correlation analysis on the soil moisture and soil conductivity collected by the soil parameter collection system to generate a soil fertilization evaluation coefficient. The soil fertilization evaluation coefficient is used to reflect the evaluation value of the amount of fertilizer that needs to be applied to rice under the current soil conductivity and humidity;

[0066] The soil moisture collected by the i-th unit is represented by S i The soil conductivity is expressed in G i Indicates that soil moisture S i , soil conductivity G i Preprocess them separately to generate mean soil moisture and mean conductivity The formula is:

[0067]

[0068] Mean soil moisture and mean conductivity Correlation processing is performed to generate standard soil moisture S and standard mean conductivity G, based on the following formula:

[0069]

[0070] The standard soil moisture S and the standard mean electrical conductivity G are used to non-dimensionalize the soil moisture and electrical conductivity. The standard soil moisture S and the standard mean electrical conductivity G are subjected to correlation analysis to generate the soil fertilization evaluation coefficient TSP. The formula is as follows:

[0071] TSP=F*[e*(S o -S)+f*(G o -G)]

[0072] Among them, F is the current fertilizer application amount, e and f are the soil moisture weight factor and soil conductivity weight factor respectively, S o is the optimal soil moisture coefficient, G o is the optimal soil electrical conductivity coefficient. The soil fertilization evaluation coefficient is used to reflect the evaluation value of the amount of fertilizer that needs to be applied to rice under the current soil electrical conductivity and humidity.

[0073] Step 6: Preprocess the grayscale image of the rice leaf to generate a leaf age fertilization evaluation coefficient. The leaf age fertilization evaluation coefficient YSP is used to reflect the evaluation value of the amount of fertilizer that needs to be applied to the rice at the current leaf age of the rice leaf;

[0074] Obtain the grayscale image of rice leaves. Each grayscale image of rice leaves corresponds to a marked leaf age. Take the grayscale image of rice leaves as a sample and the corresponding marked leaf age as a label to train the initial neural network to obtain the grayscale image-leaf age model. In S3, capture the collected grayscale image of rice leaves. The leaf age of rice leaves in the i-th unit is represented by U. Perform correlation analysis on the leaf age of rice leaves U to generate the leaf age fertilization evaluation coefficient YSP. The formula is as follows:

[0075]

[0076] Among them, the unit of U is days, F is the current fertilizer amount, g is the leaf age weight coefficient, and the leaf age fertilization evaluation coefficient YSP is used to reflect the evaluation value of the fertilizer amount that needs to be applied to rice under the current rice leaf age.

[0077] Step 7: Conduct correlation analysis on the leaf age fertilization evaluation coefficient, soil fertilization evaluation coefficient, and external environment fertilization evaluation coefficient to generate a comprehensive fertilization evaluation coefficient for rice. The comprehensive fertilization evaluation coefficient for rice is used to reflect the evaluation value of the comprehensive fertilizer amount required for the current rice.

[0078] Establish a multivariate linear regression model, set the fertilization effect to 1, and set the equation system:

[0079]

[0080] Convert the above system of equations into matrix form:

[0081] Y=XW+∈

[0082] in, ∈ N is the deviation factor, and the value range of the deviation factor is

[0083] The least squares method is a mathematical method used in data fitting and estimation to minimize the sum of squared errors to find the best fitting curve or linear model. The least squares method outputs the matrix W, based on the formula: W = (X T X) -1 X T Y, output the values ​​of a, b, c, d, e, f, and g.

[0084] Correlation analysis was performed on the leaf age fertilization evaluation coefficient YSP, soil fertilization evaluation coefficient TSP, and external environment fertilization evaluation coefficient WSP to generate the rice comprehensive fertilization evaluation coefficient ZSP. The formula is as follows:

[0085]

[0086] Among them, the rice comprehensive fertilization evaluation coefficient ZSP is used to reflect the comprehensive fertilizer evaluation value required for the current rice. The fertilization threshold θ is set, and the value of θ is 105.7. When ZSP>θ, it means that the current rice fertilizer level is level 1, and the confidence level of rice fertilizer is 95%; when It means that the current level of fertilizer required for rice is level 2, and the confidence level of fertilizer required for rice is 70%. It indicates that the current level of fertilizer required for rice is level three, and the confidence level of fertilizer required for rice is 10%. The confidence level of fertilizer required for rice is used to reflect the confidence level of the amount of fertilizer required for rice. The higher the confidence level, the higher the current demand for fertilizer for rice.

[0087] The above formulas are all dimensionless and numerical calculations. The formula is a formula for the most recent real situation obtained by collecting a large amount of data and performing software simulation. The preset parameters in the formula are set by technicians in this field according to actual conditions.

[0088] The above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any other combination thereof. When implemented by software, the above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. Those skilled in the art may appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented by electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed by hardware or software methods depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution.

[0089] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, and may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0090] The above are only specific implementation methods of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A fertilization management method based on rice growth environment monitoring and leaf age recognition, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1. Divide the planting area in the rice planting greenhouse into units, each unit is a square area of ​​1x1 meter, and number each unit in the order of 1, 2, 3, ..., i, ..., N; S2. A data acquisition system is set at each unit in the rice planting greenhouse to collect the temperature, humidity, light, and CO2 concentration in the rice planting greenhouse, and a soil parameter acquisition system is set in the rice planting soil of each unit to collect the soil moisture and soil conductivity of the rice planting soil; S3, setting a camera in each unit to capture the grayscale image of the rice leaves; S4, performing correlation analysis on the temperature, humidity, light, and CO2 concentration collected by the data acquisition system to generate an external environment fertilization evaluation coefficient, wherein the external environment fertilization evaluation coefficient is used to reflect the evaluation value of the amount of fertilizer that needs to be applied to rice under the current temperature, humidity, light, and CO2 concentration; S5, performing correlation analysis on the soil moisture and soil conductivity collected by the soil parameter collection system to generate a soil fertilization evaluation coefficient, wherein the soil fertilization evaluation coefficient is used to reflect the evaluation value of the amount of fertilizer that needs to be applied to rice under the current soil conductivity and humidity; S6, preprocessing the grayscale image of the rice leaf to generate a leaf age fertilization evaluation coefficient YSP, wherein the leaf age fertilization evaluation coefficient YSP is used to reflect the evaluation value of the amount of fertilizer that needs to be applied to the rice at the current leaf age of the rice leaf; S7. Perform correlation analysis on the leaf age fertilization evaluation coefficient, the soil fertilization evaluation coefficient, and the external environment fertilization evaluation coefficient to generate a comprehensive rice fertilization evaluation coefficient, which is used to reflect the evaluation value of the comprehensive fertilizer amount currently required to be applied to the rice.

2. The fertilization management method based on rice growth environment monitoring and leaf age recognition according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data acquisition system consists of a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a light sensor, and a CO2 concentration sensor, wherein the temperature sensor, humidity sensor, and light sensor are arranged 1 meter above the rice in the unit and are evenly distributed, and the CO2 concentration sensor is arranged 0.5 meter above the rice in the unit. The soil parameter acquisition system adopts a soil moisture sensor and a conductivity sensor, and the soil moisture sensor and the conductivity sensor are both buried in the rice-growing soil in the unit to a depth of 0.2 meters.

3. The fertilization management method based on rice growth environment monitoring and leaf age recognition according to claim 1, characterized in that: The camera is set at a height of 1.5 meters.

4. The fertilization management method based on rice growth environment monitoring and leaf age recognition according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each unit is a square area of ​​1x1 meter. The temperature, humidity, light, and CO2 concentration collected by the data acquisition system are respectively expressed as T i , H i , L i , C i Indicates that the subscript i represents the index of the unit, for temperature T i 、Humidity i , light L i 、CO2 concentration C i Correlation analysis is performed to generate standard temperature T, standard humidity H, standard light L, and standard CO2 concentration C, based on the following formula: Where N is the number of divided units, They are the mean temperature, mean humidity, mean light intensity, and mean CO2 concentration, respectively, and the formula they are based on is: The standard temperature T, standard humidity H, standard light L, and standard CO2 concentration C are used to standardize the data of temperature, humidity, light intensity, and CO2 concentration, respectively, so that parameters of different dimensions can be processed together.

5. The fertilization management method based on rice growth environment monitoring and leaf age recognition according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The correlation analysis of standard temperature T, standard humidity H, standard light L, and standard CO2 concentration C was performed to generate the external environment fertilization evaluation coefficient WSP. The formula used is: WSP=aT+bH+cL+dC Among them, a, b, c, and d are the temperature weight coefficient, humidity weight coefficient, light weight coefficient, and concentration weight coefficient, respectively.

6. The fertilization management method based on rice growth environment monitoring and leaf age recognition according to claim 5, characterized in that: The soil moisture collected by the i-th unit is represented by S i The soil conductivity is expressed in G i Indicates that soil moisture S i , soil conductivity G i Preprocess them separately to generate mean soil moisture and mean conductivity The formula is: Mean soil moisture and mean conductivity Correlation processing is performed to generate standard soil moisture S and standard mean conductivity G, based on the following formula: The standard soil moisture S and the standard mean electrical conductivity G are used to non-dimensionalize the soil moisture and electrical conductivity. The standard soil moisture S and the standard mean electrical conductivity G are subjected to correlation analysis to generate the soil fertilization evaluation coefficient TSP. The formula is as follows: TSP=F*[e*(S o -S)+f*(G o -G)] Among them, F is the current fertilizer application amount, e and f are the soil moisture weight factor and soil conductivity weight factor respectively, S o is the optimal soil moisture coefficient, G o is the optimal soil conductivity coefficient. The soil fertilization evaluation coefficient is used to reflect the evaluation value of the amount of fertilizer that needs to be applied to rice under the current soil conductivity and humidity.

7. The fertilization management method based on rice growth environment monitoring and leaf age recognition according to claim 6, characterized in that: Obtain a grayscale image of a rice leaf, each of which corresponds to a marked leaf age. The grayscale image of the rice leaf is used as a sample, and the corresponding marked leaf age is used as a label to train the initial neural network to obtain a grayscale image-leaf age model. In S3, the grayscale image of the collected rice leaf is captured, and the leaf age of the rice leaf of the i-th unit is represented by U i Indicates that the leaf age of rice is U i Correlation analysis is performed to generate the leaf age fertilization evaluation coefficient YSP, based on the following formula: Among them, U i The unit is days, F is the current fertilizer amount, g is the leaf age weight coefficient, and the leaf age fertilization evaluation coefficient YSP is used to reflect the evaluation value of the fertilizer amount that needs to be applied to rice under the current rice leaf age.

8. The fertilization management method based on rice growth environment monitoring and leaf age recognition according to claim 7, characterized in that: Establish a multiple linear regression model, set the fertilization effect to 1, and set the equation system: Convert the above system of equations into matrix form: Y=XW+∈ in, ∈1,∈2,…,∈ N is the deviation factor, and the value range of the deviation factor is The matrix W is output by the least squares method, and the formula is: W = (X T X) -1 X T Y, output the values ​​of a, b, c, d, e, f, and g.

9. The fertilization management method based on rice growth environment monitoring and leaf age recognition according to claim 7, characterized in that: The leaf age fertilization evaluation coefficient YSP, soil fertilization evaluation coefficient TSP, and external environment fertilization evaluation coefficient WSP were subjected to correlation analysis to generate the rice comprehensive fertilization evaluation coefficient ZSP. The formula is as follows: The rice comprehensive fertilization evaluation coefficient ZSP is used to reflect the comprehensive fertilizer evaluation value required for the current rice. The fertilization threshold θ is set, and the value of θ is 105.

7. When ZSP>θ, it means that the current rice fertilizer level is level 1, and the confidence level of rice fertilizer is 95%; when It means that the current level of fertilizer required for rice is level 2, and the confidence level of fertilizer required for rice is 70%. It indicates that the current level of fertilizer required for rice is level three, and the confidence level of fertilizer required for rice is 10%; the confidence level of fertilizer required for rice is used to reflect the confidence level of the amount of fertilizer required for rice.

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