Method and device for observing high blood flow rates

Abstract

The invention provides a method and device for observing a high blood flow rate. The method for observing the high blood flow rate comprises the steps that multiple frames of laser speckle images of an area to be observed are obtained; determining a space speckle contrast matrix and a time speckle contrast matrix of the to-be-observed area according to the laser speckle image of the to-be-observed area; obtaining system coherence parameters, and determining a dynamic scattering component proportionality coefficient of the to-be-observed area according to the system coherence parameters, the space speckle contrast matrix and the time speckle contrast matrix; determining a blood flow index matrix of the to-be-observed area according to the system coherence parameters, the space speckle contrast matrix, the time speckle contrast matrix and the dynamic scattering component proportionality coefficient; and displaying a blood flow index distribution image of the to-be-observed area according to the blood flow index matrix. According to the method and device for observing the high blood flow rate, the problem that the measurable range of the coronary artery blood flow rate is limited can be effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of biomedical imaging, and in particular to a method and a device for observing high blood flow rate. Background Art

[0002] The main methods for imaging or measuring myocardial blood flow rate include PET-CT myocardial perfusion measurement, transit time flow measurement (TTFM) and optical imaging technology. The principle of PET-CT myocardial perfusion quantitative measurement technology using 13N-NH3 or 15O-H2O as an imaging agent is to label blood components with radioactive substances and observe the distribution process of radioactive blood in the myocardium to achieve the observation of the spatiotemporal evolution of myocardial blood perfusion. This technology has high spatial resolution imaging capabilities and regional / overall quantitative measurement capabilities, but its immediacy and repeatability are poor, and it is impossible to perform continuous imaging observations. At the same time, the radiation dose is large, and it is difficult to observe continuously in a short time. Ultrasound-based TTFM is a method for measuring the spatiotemporal evolution of myocardial perfusion using a time-difference flow measurement method. This method is mainly used in coronary artery bypass grafting. By quantitatively measuring the blood flow in the bridge vessel, it reflects the increase in myocardial blood perfusion caused by revascularization. It has the advantages of being fast, instant, and radiation-free, but it does not have imaging capabilities. In addition, the TTFM method will cause inaccurate measurements due to reverse blood flow and other reasons. Therefore, both of the above methods have the problem of insufficient spatiotemporal resolution.

[0003] Optical imaging technology has proposed a new approach to observe and analyze the temporal and spatial evolution of myocardial perfusion. This technology has the advantages of no ionizing radiation, no damage to the measurement, and no need to inject contrast agents. In particular, laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) has been widely used in basic biological research and clinical research, mainly including the observation of blood flow rate changes in the retina, cerebral cortex, skin and kidney organs. The dose-effect relationship between laser speckle contrast and blood flow rate is the basis of laser speckle contrast imaging technology. Different from the blood flow biological characteristics of the above organs, myocardial coronary arteries are large in size, high in blood flow rate, and have pulsating characteristics---the range of blood flow rate changes is large. Therefore, an accurate dose-effect relationship is crucial for real-time acquisition of myocardial coronary blood flow rate. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a method for observing high blood flow rate, aiming to solve the problem of limited observation of blood flow rate variation law in high blood flow rate area in traditional technology.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for observing high blood flow rate, comprising:

[0006] Acquire multiple frames of laser speckle images of the area to be observed;

[0007] Determining a spatial speckle contrast matrix and a temporal speckle contrast matrix of the area to be observed according to the laser speckle image of the area to be observed;

[0008] Get system related parameters,

[0009] Determining a dynamic scattering component proportional coefficient of the area to be observed according to the system coherence parameter, the spatial speckle contrast matrix and the temporal speckle contrast matrix;

[0010] Determining a blood flow index matrix of the area to be observed according to the system coherence parameter, the spatial speckle contrast matrix, the temporal speckle contrast matrix and the dynamic scattering component proportional coefficient;

[0011] A blood flow index distribution image of the area to be observed is displayed according to the blood flow index matrix.

[0012] According to a method for observing a high blood flow rate provided by the present invention, determining a spatial speckle contrast matrix and a temporal speckle contrast matrix of the area to be observed according to the laser speckle image of the area to be observed includes:

[0013] Using a spatial sliding window to traverse each of the laser speckle images frame by frame, respectively determining a speckle contrast matrix of each of the laser speckle images in space, so as to determine a spatial speckle contrast matrix of the area to be observed;

[0014] According to the multiple frames of laser speckle images, the speckle contrast of the same pixel of each speckle image in the time series is determined respectively to determine the time speckle contrast matrix of the area to be observed.

[0015] According to a method for observing high blood flow rate provided by the present invention, the acquisition of system coherent parameters includes:

[0016] Acquire a multi-frame laser speckle image of any area of ​​a static scattering medium within a preset exposure time;

[0017] Determining the average spatial speckle contrast of the arbitrary area according to the multiple frames of the laser speckle images;

[0018] According to the average spatial speckle contrast of the area, the system coherence parameter is determined based on the following formula;

[0019] β≈K s 2

[0020] Where β is the system coherence parameter, K s is the spatial speckle contrast.

[0021] According to a method for observing high blood flow rate provided by the present invention, the exposure time is much shorter than the decoherence time of the static scattering medium.

[0022] According to a method for observing high blood flow rate provided by the present invention, the dynamic scattering component proportional coefficient of the area to be observed is determined according to the system coherence parameter, the spatial speckle contrast matrix and the temporal speckle contrast matrix; comprising:

[0023] determining an average spatial speckle contrast according to the spatial speckle contrast matrix;

[0024] determining an average temporal speckle contrast according to the temporal speckle contrast matrix;

[0025] Determine a dynamic scattering component proportional coefficient based on the following formula according to the average spatial speckle contrast, the average temporal speckle contrast and the system coherence parameter;

[0026]

[0027]

[0028]

[0029]

[0030] Among them, K s is the spatial speckle contrast, β is the system coherence parameter, ρ is the dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient, x is the blood flow index, T is the exposure time, τ c is the decoherence time of the scattering medium, K t is the temporal speckle contrast.

[0031] According to a method for observing high blood flow rate provided by the present invention, determining the blood flow index matrix of the area to be observed according to the system coherence parameter, the spatial speckle contrast matrix, the temporal speckle contrast matrix and the dynamic scattering component proportional coefficient includes:

[0032] According to the system coherence parameters, the spatial speckle contrast matrix, and the dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient, the blood flow index matrix of the area to be observed is determined based on the following formula;

[0033]

[0034]

[0035] Alternatively, the blood flow index matrix of the area to be observed is determined based on the following formula according to the system coherence parameter, the temporal speckle contrast matrix, and the dynamic scattering component proportional coefficient;

[0036]

[0037] Among them, K s is the spatial speckle contrast, β is the system coherence parameter, ρ is the dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient, x is the blood flow index, T is the exposure time, τ c is the decoherence time of the scattering medium, K t is the temporal speckle contrast.

[0038] The present invention also provides a device for observing high blood flow rate, using any of the above methods for observing high blood flow rate, comprising:

[0039] A laser illumination module, used for providing illumination to the area to be observed on the surface of the blood vessel;

[0040] A laser speckle imaging module, used for acquiring a dynamic speckle image of the area to be observed according to preset parameters;

[0041] a data processing module, configured to obtain the blood flow index distribution matrix of the area to be observed according to the dynamic speckle image and a preset rule; and

[0042] A display module is used to display the blood flow index distribution image of the area to be observed according to the blood flow index distribution matrix.

[0043] According to a device for observing high blood flow rate provided by the present invention, the laser illumination module includes a near-infrared laser, a first reflector, a second reflector, an aspheric lens, a light rod and a secondary imaging lens pair arranged in sequence.

[0044] According to a device for observing high blood flow rate provided by the present invention, the laser illumination module includes a near-infrared laser, a first reflector, a second reflector, a fly-eye lens and a secondary imaging lens pair arranged in sequence.

[0045] According to the device for observing high blood flow rate provided by the present invention, the laser illumination module further includes a spatial filter arranged between the second reflector and the aspheric lens.

[0046] According to a device for observing high blood flow rate provided by the present invention, the laser speckle imaging module includes a combined lens, a narrow-band filter, a polarizer and a high-speed charge coupler.

[0047] The method for observing high blood flow rate provided by the present invention comprehensively considers the influence of system coherence parameters and dynamic scattering ratio component coefficients. The method has the advantages of no ionizing radiation, no damage measurement, and no need to inject contrast agents. It can monitor the spatiotemporal evolution of blood flow distribution with high blood flow rate and high blood flow rate dynamic change range characteristics in real time. The method can be used to monitor the change comparison of myocardial blood perfusion volume before and after coronary artery bypass grafting, which is of great significance for the effective implementation of coronary heart disease surgery and quantitative evaluation of postoperative effects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0049] Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for observing high blood flow rate provided by the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 is a blood flow index distribution diagram in the first embodiment (rat carotid artery) of the method for observing high blood flow rate;

[0051] Figure 3 is a blood flow index distribution diagram in the second embodiment (in vivo rabbit myocardium) of the method for observing high blood flow rate;

[0052] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a laser illumination module in a device for observing high blood flow rate provided by the present invention;

[0053] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a laser illumination module in a device for observing high blood flow rate provided by the present invention;

[0054] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of a laser illumination module in a device for observing high blood flow rate provided by the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0056] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0057] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiment of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0058] Combine the following Figure 1-Figure 6 The method and apparatus of the present invention for observing high blood flow rates are described.

[0059] In view of the problem that traditional technology is limited in observing the change law of blood flow rate in high blood flow rate area, please refer to Figure 1 The present invention provides a method for observing high blood flow rate, comprising:

[0060] S100, acquiring multiple frames of laser speckle images of the area to be observed;

[0061] S200, determining a spatial speckle contrast matrix and a temporal speckle contrast matrix of the area to be observed according to the laser speckle image of the area to be observed;

[0062] S300, obtaining system related parameters,

[0063] S400, determining a dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient of the area to be observed according to the system coherence parameter, the spatial speckle contrast matrix and the temporal speckle contrast matrix;

[0064] S500, determining the blood flow index matrix of the area to be observed according to the system coherence parameter, the spatial speckle contrast matrix, the temporal speckle contrast matrix and the dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient;

[0065] S600: Displaying a blood flow index distribution image of the area to be observed according to the blood flow index matrix.

[0066] The present invention is applicable to the observation of high blood flow rate areas, and can be applicable to the observation of myocardial blood flow rate or arterial blood flow rate. Taking myocardial blood flow rate as an example, firstly, a certain area of ​​the myocardial blood vessels can be selected as the area to be observed, and multiple frames of laser speckle images of the area to be observed can be obtained. According to the multiple frames of laser speckle images, the spatial speckle contrast matrix and the temporal speckle contrast matrix of the multiple frames of laser speckle images can be obtained through data processing. Then, through the spatial speckle contrast matrix, the temporal speckle contrast matrix and the system coherence parameters, the dynamic scattering component proportional coefficient of the area to be observed can be obtained through data processing, and then the blood flow index matrix of the area to be observed can be obtained through the above data, that is, the blood flow index distribution image of the area to be observed can be displayed, so that the blood flow index of the area to be observed can be monitored in real time according to the image.

[0067] The method for observing high blood flow rate provided by the present invention comprehensively considers the influence of system coherence parameters and dynamic scattering ratio component coefficients, and can obtain a relatively accurate blood flow index distribution law. At the same time, this method has the advantages of no ionizing radiation, no damage measurement, and no need to inject contrast agents. It can monitor the spatiotemporal evolution of blood flow distribution with high blood flow rate and high blood flow rate dynamic change range characteristics in real time. This method can be used to monitor the change comparison of myocardial blood perfusion volume before and after coronary artery bypass grafting, which is of great significance for the effective implementation of coronary heart disease surgery and quantitative evaluation of postoperative effects.

[0068] Specifically, S200, determining a spatial speckle contrast matrix and a temporal speckle contrast matrix of the area to be observed according to the laser speckle image of the area to be observed includes:

[0069] S210, using a spatial sliding window to traverse each of the laser speckle images frame by frame, and respectively determining a speckle contrast matrix of each of the laser speckle images in space, so as to determine a spatial speckle contrast matrix of the area to be observed;

[0070] S220: Determine, according to the multiple frames of laser speckle images, the speckle contrast of the same pixel of each speckle image in the time series, so as to determine a temporal speckle contrast matrix of the area to be observed.

[0071] The main contrast calculation methods of speckle images include spatial contrast analysis and temporal contrast analysis. The present invention combines the above two methods to obtain spatial speckle contrast matrix and temporal speckle contrast matrix respectively, which can reflect the properties of speckle images in multiple dimensions. The spatial contrast analysis is used in S210. Taking the processing of a frame of laser speckle image as an example, it is first necessary to use a spatial sliding window to traverse the laser speckle image. In the process of sliding the spatial sliding window, the speckle contrast of each area is calculated respectively, so that the speckle contrast matrix of the processed speckle image can be obtained. After processing n laser speckle images in sequence, n speckle contrast matrices can be obtained. Then, the corresponding elements at the same position of the n speckle contrast matrices are added to obtain the average value, and the spatial speckle contrast at the position can be obtained. The spatial speckle contrast obtained at all positions is combined to obtain the spatial speckle contrast matrix.

[0072] The method used in S220 is time contrast analysis, which calculates the contrast value by counting the original speckle data at the same pixel position in the time series. Specifically, it is necessary to calculate the speckle contrast at the same pixel of each frame of the speckle image, and then sum and average multiple speckle contrasts to obtain the temporal speckle contrast at the pixel. Then, the temporal speckle contrast at each pixel is combined to obtain the temporal speckle contrast matrix. It should be noted that the speckle contrast is calculated according to the formula Just perform the calculation, which is the prior art and will not be elaborated in detail in the present invention.

[0073] Further, S300, the acquiring system coherent parameters includes:

[0074] S310, acquiring a multi-frame laser speckle image of any area of ​​a static scattering medium within a preset exposure time;

[0075] S320, determining an average spatial speckle contrast of the arbitrary area according to the multiple frames of the laser speckle images;

[0076] S330, determining a system coherence parameter according to the average spatial speckle contrast of the area based on the following formula;

[0077] β≈K s 2

[0078] Where β is the system coherence parameter, K s is the spatial speckle contrast.

[0079] It should be noted that when acquiring speckle images and subsequent data processing, using different systems or devices may result in certain result errors. Therefore, this application needs to obtain system coherence parameters to correct the error effects of different systems or devices on the test results.

[0080] First, a comparative example needs to be selected. The present invention selects a static scattering medium as a comparative example. The static scattering medium can be selected from scattering sheets with different roughness, such as scattering sheets with 120 mesh, 220 mesh, and 600 mesh, or an engineering scattering sheet, or a scattering sheet with TiO 2 The glass substrate may be powdered or paint-blasted, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Next, any area on the static scattering medium is selected, and multiple frames of laser speckle images of the area are obtained. According to the laser speckle images, the average spatial speckle contrast is determined. It should be noted that the average spatial speckle contrast can be obtained via a spatial speckle contrast matrix. The spatial speckle contrast matrix is ​​first obtained using multiple frames of laser speckle images, and then the average value is obtained by adding each element in the matrix. The average spatial speckle contrast can be obtained. Since the static scattering medium is a uniform medium, the average spatial speckle contrast can approximately characterize the spatial speckle contrast of the entire area.

[0081] It should be noted that the spatial speckle contrast and system coherence parameters are related to the following formula:

[0082]

[0083]

[0084] It can be understood that the exposure time is much shorter than the decoherence time of the static scattering medium, so in the above formula, x approaches 0, so the above formula can be rewritten as:

[0085] β≈K s 2

[0086] The system coherence parameters can be obtained through the above steps, and the system coherence parameters can be applied to the subsequent data processing steps to correct the influence of the system on the test results.

[0087] Further, S400, determining a dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient of the area to be observed according to the system coherence parameter, the spatial speckle contrast matrix and the temporal speckle contrast matrix; comprising:

[0088] S410, determining an average spatial speckle contrast according to the spatial speckle contrast matrix;

[0089] S420, determining an average temporal speckle contrast according to the temporal speckle contrast matrix;

[0090] S430, determining a dynamic scattering component proportion coefficient according to the average spatial speckle contrast, the average temporal speckle contrast and the system coherence parameter based on the following formula;

[0091]

[0092]

[0093]

[0094]

[0095] Among them, K s is the spatial speckle contrast, β is the system coherence parameter, ρ is the dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient, x is the blood flow index, T is the exposure time, τ c is the decoherence time of the scattering medium, K t is the temporal speckle contrast.

[0096] It should be noted that when calculating the dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient, the spatial speckle contrast matrix and the temporal speckle contrast matrix need to be used to obtain the average spatial speckle contrast and the average temporal speckle contrast, respectively. The evaluation method is to add each element in the matrix to obtain an average value. In practical applications, since the area to be observed is small, the use of the average spatial speckle contrast and the average temporal speckle contrast will not significantly affect the subsequent calculation of blood flow rate, but will simplify the calculation steps.

[0097] It should also be noted that the formulas for the dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient, spatial speckle contrast, temporal speckle contrast and system coherence parameters can be obtained by combining the formula for spatial speckle contrast and the formula for temporal speckle contrast. Since the average spatial speckle contrast, average temporal speckle contrast and system coherence parameters have been calculated above, the dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient of the area to be observed can be obtained.

[0098] Specifically, S500, determining the blood flow index matrix of the area to be observed according to the system coherence parameter, the spatial speckle contrast matrix, the temporal speckle contrast matrix and the dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient includes:

[0099] S510, determining the blood flow index matrix of the area to be observed based on the following formula according to the system coherence parameter, the spatial speckle contrast matrix, and the dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient;

[0100]

[0101]

[0102] S520, or, according to the system coherence parameter, the temporal speckle contrast matrix, and the dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient, determine the blood flow index matrix of the area to be observed based on the following formula;

[0103]

[0104] Among them, K s is the spatial speckle contrast, β is the system coherence parameter, ρ is the dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient, x is the blood flow index, T is the exposure time, τ c is the decoherence time of the scattering medium, K t is the temporal speckle contrast.

[0105] The present invention provides two methods for calculating blood flow index matrices. The first method uses a spatial speckle contrast matrix. By substituting each element in the spatial speckle contrast matrix into the above formula for spatial speckle contrast, and then substituting the system coherence parameters and the dynamic scattering component proportional coefficient in turn, the value of the blood flow index can be calculated. When all the elements in the spatial speckle contrast matrix are substituted into the above formula in turn for evaluation, a matrix for the blood flow index can be obtained. The second method uses a temporal speckle contrast matrix. By substituting each element in the temporal speckle contrast matrix into the above formula for temporal speckle contrast, and then substituting the system coherence parameters and the dynamic scattering component proportional coefficient in turn for evaluation, a matrix for the blood flow index can be obtained. It should be noted that the blood flow change laws finally presented by the above two blood flow index matrices are almost the same. Therefore, one of the methods can be selected for processing in actual application, and the present invention does not limit this.

[0106] It should also be noted that after the blood flow index matrix is ​​obtained, the matrix is ​​presented in the form of a two-dimensional image through software processing, that is, an image of the blood flow index distribution law can be displayed. This is a prior art and will not be described in detail in the present invention. Figure 2 and Figure 3 By determining the area to be observed on the rat carotid artery and the rabbit myocardium respectively and applying the observation method provided by the present invention, different blood flow index distribution diagrams in the two embodiments can be obtained. In summary, the method for observing high blood flow rate provided by the present invention can be applied to the observation of blood flow rate in the high blood flow rate area and has a good implementation effect.

[0107] Based on the above method, the present invention also provides a device for observing high blood flow rate, comprising:

[0108] A laser illumination module, used for providing illumination to the area to be observed on the surface of the blood vessel;

[0109] A laser speckle imaging module, used for acquiring a dynamic speckle image of the area to be observed according to preset parameters;

[0110] a data processing module, configured to obtain the blood flow index distribution matrix of the area to be observed according to the dynamic speckle image and a preset rule; and

[0111] A display module is used to display the blood flow index distribution image of the area to be observed according to the blood flow index distribution matrix.

[0112] Furthermore, the present invention provides several embodiments of the laser illumination module, please refer to Figure 4-Figure 6 In the first embodiment, the laser illumination module includes a near-infrared laser, a first reflector, a second reflector, an aspheric lens, a light rod, and a secondary imaging lens pair arranged in sequence. In the second embodiment, the laser illumination module includes a near-infrared laser, a first reflector, a second reflector, a compound eye lens, and a secondary imaging lens pair arranged in sequence. In the third embodiment, the laser illumination module also includes a spatial filter arranged between the second reflector and the aspheric lens. Further, the laser speckle imaging module includes a combined lens, a narrow-band filter, a polarizer, and a high-speed charge coupler.

[0113] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for observing high blood flow rate, characterized in that include: Acquire multiple frames of laser speckle images of the area to be observed; Determining a spatial speckle contrast matrix and a temporal speckle contrast matrix of the area to be observed according to the laser speckle image of the area to be observed; Get system related parameters, Determining a dynamic scattering component proportional coefficient of the area to be observed according to the system coherence parameter, the spatial speckle contrast matrix and the temporal speckle contrast matrix; Determining a blood flow index matrix of the area to be observed according to the system coherence parameter, the spatial speckle contrast matrix, the temporal speckle contrast matrix and the dynamic scattering component proportional coefficient; A blood flow index distribution image of the area to be observed is displayed according to the blood flow index matrix.

2. The method for observing high blood flow rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determining a spatial speckle contrast matrix and a temporal speckle contrast matrix of the area to be observed according to the laser speckle image of the area to be observed includes: Using a spatial sliding window to traverse each of the laser speckle images frame by frame, respectively determining a speckle contrast matrix of each of the laser speckle images in space, so as to determine a spatial speckle contrast matrix of the area to be observed; According to the multiple frames of laser speckle images, the speckle contrast of the same pixel of each speckle image in the time series is determined respectively to determine the time speckle contrast matrix of the area to be observed.

3. The method for observing high blood flow rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The obtaining of system related parameters comprises: Acquire a multi-frame laser speckle image of any area of ​​a static scattering medium within a preset exposure time; Determining the average spatial speckle contrast of the arbitrary area according to the multiple frames of the laser speckle images; According to the average spatial speckle contrast of the area, the system coherence parameter is determined based on the following formula; β≈K s 2 Where β is the system coherence parameter, K s is the spatial speckle contrast.

4. The method for observing high blood flow rate according to claim 3, characterized in that: The exposure time is much shorter than the decoherence time of the static scattering medium.

5. The method for observing high blood flow rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determining the dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient of the area to be observed according to the system coherence parameter, the spatial speckle contrast matrix and the temporal speckle contrast matrix; comprising: determining an average spatial speckle contrast according to the spatial speckle contrast matrix; determining an average temporal speckle contrast according to the temporal speckle contrast matrix; Determine a dynamic scattering component proportional coefficient based on the following formula according to the average spatial speckle contrast, the average temporal speckle contrast and the system coherence parameter; Among them, K s is the spatial speckle contrast, β is the system coherence parameter, ρ is the dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient, x is the blood flow index, T is the exposure time, τ c is the decoherence time of the scattering medium, K t is the temporal speckle contrast.

6. The method for observing high blood flow rate according to claim 5, characterized in that: Determining the blood flow index matrix of the area to be observed according to the system coherence parameter, the spatial speckle contrast matrix, the temporal speckle contrast matrix and the dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient includes: According to the system coherence parameters, the spatial speckle contrast matrix, and the dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient, the blood flow index matrix of the area to be observed is determined based on the following formula; Alternatively, the blood flow index matrix of the area to be observed is determined based on the following formula according to the system coherence parameter, the temporal speckle contrast matrix, and the dynamic scattering component proportional coefficient; Among them, K s is the spatial speckle contrast, β is the system coherence parameter, ρ is the dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient, x is the blood flow index, T is the exposure time, τ c is the decoherence time of the scattering medium, K t is the temporal speckle contrast.

7. A device for observing high blood flow rate, using the method for observing high blood flow rate as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: include: A laser illumination module, used for providing illumination to the area to be observed on the surface of the blood vessel; A laser speckle imaging module, used for acquiring a dynamic speckle image of the area to be observed according to preset parameters; a data processing module, configured to obtain the blood flow index distribution matrix of the area to be observed according to the dynamic speckle image and a preset rule; and A display module is used to display the blood flow index distribution image of the area to be observed according to the blood flow index distribution matrix.

8. The device for observing high blood flow rate according to claim 7, characterized in that: The laser illumination module comprises a near-infrared laser, a first reflector, a second reflector, an aspherical lens, a light rod and a secondary imaging lens pair which are arranged in sequence.

9. The device for observing high blood flow rate according to claim 7, characterized in that: The laser illumination module comprises a near-infrared laser, a first reflector, a second reflector, a fly-eye lens and a secondary imaging lens pair which are arranged in sequence.

10. The device for observing high blood flow rate according to claim 8, characterized in that: The laser illumination module further includes a spatial filter disposed between the second reflector and the aspheric lens.

11. The device for observing high blood flow rate according to claim 7, characterized in that: The laser speckle imaging module comprises a combined lens, a narrow-band filter, a polarizer and a high-speed charge coupler.

Images