Application of trans-anethole in alleviating zearalenone toxicity in animals

Abstract

The present invention discloses the application of trans-anethole in alleviating the toxicity of zearalenone in animals, belonging to the technical field of mycotoxin prevention and control. The present invention provides the application of trans-anethole in the preparation of a drug or feed for alleviating zearalenone poisoning in animals. The present invention has confirmed that trans-anethole can effectively alleviate the reproductive toxicity of zearalenone in piglets, improve the uterine organ index and ovarian organ index, ensure the health of piglets and the development of the reproductive system, and provide a new method for detoxifying zearalenone.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mycotoxin prevention and control, and particularly to the application of trans-anethole in alleviating the toxicity of zearalenone in animals. Background Art

[0002] Zearalenone poisoning in pigs is a type of poisoning disease caused by pigs consuming cereals contaminated with zearalenone. Diseased pigs will develop reproductive system diseases, and this disease mostly occurs in piglets aged 3 to 5 months. Zearalenone (ZEN) is a toxic metabolite produced by fungi such as Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium equiseti, and Fusarium nivale, and mainly exists in grains such as corn, wheat, sorghum, and rice contaminated by fungi. Research has shown that zearalenone has estrogen-like effects on ovariectomized sows, can cause pigs to exhibit estrogen hyperfunction, can cause the vaginal mucosa to show mycotic inflammatory reactions, and pregnant sows injected with 5 mg of zearalenone per day in the last month of pregnancy can result in the birth of dead piglets. Zearalenone has caused great harm to the pig breeding and pig farming industries.

[0003] The methods for removing zearalenone can be classified into detoxification and deintoxication in terms of principle, and can be roughly divided into physical methods, chemical methods, and biological methods according to the methods. Detoxification refers to the method of removing or neutralizing mycotoxins in contaminated feed, and deintoxication refers to the method of removing the toxicity of mycotoxins. Physical removal methods include mechanical classification treatment, high-temperature inactivation, radiation treatment, or extraction of contaminants and adsorbents, etc. However, zearalenone is not easily soluble in water and is heat-resistant, and it needs to be treated repeatedly to remove some toxins. Chemical removal methods are to treat mycotoxins with acid-base solutions or other compounds, but the residues of excessive chemical reagents, such as ammonia in feed, may endanger animal health. Biological deintoxication methods mainly use microorganisms, plants, and their metabolites such as enzymes to degrade toxins. For example, Clonostachys rosea IFO7063 can secrete specific lactonase to effectively transform zearalenone; Trichosporon mycotoxinivorans (MTV) has a unique "swallowing" property and can remove the toxicity of zearalenone; Pseudomonas putida can completely degrade zearalenone; Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and some Rhizopus spp. (Rhizopus stolonifer, Rhizopus oryzae, Rhizopus microsporus) can also degrade zearalenone. Such deintoxication methods have mild conditions and less damage to feed nutrients. The disadvantage is that some toxins require some complete fungal systems to be completely detoxified, and most fungi are unstable. Therefore, how to effectively remove zearalenone, relieve zearalenone poisoning in pigs, and improve the economic benefits of the pig industry has become an urgent problem to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide the application of trans-anethole in relieving the toxicity of zearalenone in animals to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. The present invention has confirmed that trans-anethole can effectively relieve the reproductive toxicity of zearalenone in piglets, improve the uterine organ index and ovarian organ index, ensure the health of piglets and the development of the reproductive system, and provide a new method for detoxifying zearalenone.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides the application of trans-anethole in the preparation of a drug for relieving zearalenone poisoning in animals.

[0007] Preferably, the animal includes piglets.

[0008] The present invention also provides the application of trans-anethole in the preparation of a feed for relieving zearalenone poisoning in animals.

[0009] Preferably, the animal includes piglets.

[0010] The present invention also provides a drug for alleviating zearalenone poisoning in animals, and the main component of the drug is trans-anethole.

[0011] Preferably, the drug also contains pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

[0012] Preferably, the animal includes piglets.

[0013] The present invention also provides a feed for alleviating zearalenone poisoning in animals, and the feed contains trans-anethole.

[0014] Preferably, the addition concentration of trans-anethole in the feed is 500 mg / kg.

[0015] Preferably, the animal includes piglets.

[0016] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0017] Trans-anethole, CAS No.: 4180-23-8, alias: trans-4-propenyl anisole, trans-anethole, is extracted and separated from the plant Illicium verum Hook. f., and has high biological safety. The present invention proves that adding trans-anethole to the feed of piglets contaminated with zearalenone can effectively alleviate the reproductive toxicity caused by zearalenone, improve the uterine organ index and ovarian organ index, and ensure the health of animals and the development of the reproductive system. The present invention provides a new resource for the biological detoxification of zearalenone and lays a theoretical foundation for the development of drugs and feeds for alleviating zearalenone poisoning in animals. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 Effects of zearalenone and trans-anethole on the liver organ index of weaned piglets (g / kg, n = 6); where A is the phenotypic map of the liver of weaned piglets, and B is the statistical chart of the liver organ index of weaned piglets;

[0020] Figure 2 Effects of zearalenone and trans-anethole on the uterine organ index of weaned piglets (g / kg, n = 6); where A is the phenotypic map of the uterus of weaned piglets, and B is the statistical chart of the uterine organ index of weaned piglets;

[0021] Figure 3 Effect of zearalenone and trans-anethole on ovarian organ index of weaned piglets (g / kg, n = 6); where A is the phenotypic map of the ovaries of weaned piglets, and B is the statistical chart of ovarian organ index of weaned piglets. Detailed implementation manners

[0022] Now, various exemplary implementation manners of the present invention will be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, characteristics, and implementation schemes of the present invention.

[0023] It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only used to describe specific implementation manners and are not used to limit the present invention. In addition, for the numerical ranges in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Each intermediate value within any stated value or stated range, as well as each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value within the stated range, is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0024] Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains. Although the present invention only describes preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the implementation or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials related to the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0025] Without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention, various improvements and changes can be made to the specific implementation manners of the present invention specification, which are obvious to those skilled in the art. Other implementation manners obtained from the specification of the present invention are obvious to those skilled in the art. The specification and examples of the present invention are only exemplary.

[0026] Regarding "comprising", "including", "having", "containing", etc. used herein, they are all open-ended terms, that is, they are intended to include but not limited to.

[0027] The biological materials, reagents, and feeds in the embodiments of the present invention can all be obtained through conventional channels.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] 1. Materials and Reagents

[0030] Zearalenone (ZEA): Chromatographically pure: purity ≥ 98%, purchased from Fermentek (Jerusalem, Israel).

[0031] Trans - anethole (TA): CAS No.: 4180 - 23 - 8, purity ≥ 99%, slightly yellow liquid at room temperature, purchased from Wengjiang Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., Guangdong.

[0032] 2. Experimental methods

[0033] 2.1 Experimental grouping

[0034] Twenty - four 28 - day - old three - way cross (Du × Chang × Da) weaned gilts with basically the same initial body weight and good health were selected. They were transported to the experimental farm at 35 days of age. They were fed the pig farm diet for the first 3 days and then gradually transitioned to the basal experimental diet. At 42 days of age, the piglets were randomly divided into 4 treatments, with 6 replicates in each treatment (one gilt in each replicate). After grouping, the pre - trial began. Treatment 1 was fed the basal diet as the control group (CON); Treatment 2 was added with 1.5 mg / kg of zearalenone in the basal diet as the zearalenone group (ZEA); Treatment 3 was added with 500 mg / kg of trans - anethole in the basal diet as the trans - anethole group (TA); Treatment 4 was added with 1.5 mg / kg of zearalenone and 500 mg / kg of trans - anethole in the basal diet as the trans - anethole alleviating zearalenone toxicity group (ZEA×TA). The pre - trial period was 3 days, and the formal trial period was 28 days. The basal diet was formulated with reference to the NRC (2012) pig standard. The formula and main nutrient components are shown in Table 1.

[0035] Table 1 Composition and nutrient content of the basal diet (air - dried basis) %

[0036]

[0037] Note: The premix provided per kilogram of diet: VA 2330 IU; VD3 250 IU; VC 150 IU; VE 50 IU; VK3 0.65 mg; VB1 2.00 mg; VB2 4.70 mg; pantothenic acid 14.00 mg; niacin 22.00 mg; pyridoxine 2.20 mg; biotin 0.10 mg; folic acid 0.50 mg; VB12 0.02 mg; manganese (manganese methionine) 4.50 mg; iron (ferrous fumarate) 99 mg; zinc (zinc glycinate) 99 mg; copper (copper glycinate) 6.50 mg; iodine (calcium iodate) 0.15 mg; selenium (yeast selenium) 0.33 mg.

[0038] 2.2 Feeding and management

[0039] Gilt pigs were raised in individual metabolism cages, which were equipped with fixed feed troughs, nipple drinkers and slatted floors. The feed troughs and drinkers were placed at a certain distance to ensure that the feed was dry while allowing the gilt pigs to freely eat and drink. Before the piglets entered the experimental station, a comprehensive inspection of the pig house facilities and equipment was carried out; the inside and outside of the pig house were thoroughly cleaned and disinfected. After the gilt pigs entered the experimental station, the outside of the house was disinfected daily, and the inside of the house was disinfected weekly to ensure good air circulation in the pig house every day. The excrement in the pig house was cleaned up every morning and evening. In the first week of the experiment, the temperature in the house was about 30 °C, and from the second week, the temperature was maintained at 25-28 °C, and the relative humidity was maintained at about 65%. Other feeding and management were carried out according to the conventional procedures until the end of the experiment.

[0040] 2.3 Preparation of experimental diets

[0041] ZEA experimental diet: ZEA was fully dissolved with a certain amount of ethyl acetate and then evenly sprayed onto a quantitative amount of talcum powder. After mixing evenly, it was the ZEA premix (1000 mg / kg); it was placed in a fume hood at room temperature for 24 h; after the ethyl acetate was completely volatilized, the premix was gradually and evenly mixed with an appropriate amount of basal diet to obtain the ZEA experimental diet at 1.5 mg / kg.

[0042] TA experimental diet: An appropriate amount of trans-anethole was measured and gradually and evenly mixed with the basal diet to obtain the TA experimental diet at 500 mg / kg.

[0043] ZEA×TA experimental diet: Trans-anethole was measured and gradually and evenly mixed with the ZEA-treated diet to obtain the 1.5 mg / kg ZEA×500 mg / kg TA experimental diet.

[0044] All experimental diets were stored airtight in a cool, dry and well-ventilated place. Referring to the "Feed Sampling Method" (GB / T 14699.1-2005), samples of the experimental diets were taken before and after the start of the experiment to measure their conventional nutrients and toxin levels.

[0045] 2.4 Determination of conventional nutrients and toxin levels in diets

[0046] The determination of conventional nutrients in the diet, including dry matter (DM, drying method at 100±3 °C), crude ash (CA, ashing method at 550 °C), organic matter (OM, OM = DM - CA), crude protein (CP, Kjeldahl method) and crude fat (EE, Soxhlet extraction method), referred to AOAC (2012), and the determination of amino acids was carried out using an automatic amino acid analyzer.

[0047] Quantitative analysis of ZEA, fumonisin (FUM), deoxynivalenol (DON), and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in feed was performed by immunoaffinity column purification - high performance liquid chromatography. Their minimum detection limits were 0.01 mg / kg, 0.25 mg / kg, 0.1 mg / kg, and 1.0 μg / kg, respectively. The test results showed that the ZEA contents in the experimental diets of the control group, TA group, ZEA group, and ZEA×TA group were 0, 1.50 ± mg / kg, and 1.50 ± mg / kg, respectively. FUM, DON, and AFB1 were not detected or were below the detection limit.

[0048] 2.5 Growth performance determination

[0049] Each gilt was weighed and recorded before and after the start of the formal experiment. The feed intake and residual feed amount of each gilt were accurately recorded every day. The average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily gain (ADG), and feed-to-gain ratio (F / G) of piglets were calculated using the following formulas:

[0050] ADFI (kg / d) = Feed intake - Residual feed amount

[0051] ADG (kg / d) = (Final weight - Initial weight) / Number of experimental days

[0052] F / G = ADFI / ADG

[0053] 2.6 Determination of apparent nutrient digestibility

[0054] The determination of apparent nutrient digestibility was carried out by the total fecal collection method from day 26 to day 28 of the formal experimental period. All fresh feces of each gilt were collected every day. After being evenly mixed, 1 / 10 of the fecal sample was taken. Two tubes of 2 mL fresh feces were stored in liquid nitrogen at -80 °C for preparing for microbial measurement, and the rest were stored at 4 °C. After the fecal sample collection was completed, the fecal samples of each gilt for 3 days were mixed. 100 g of the fecal sample was added with 10 mL of 10% sulfuric acid to fix nitrogen for preparing for crude protein (CP, Kjeldahl method). The remaining samples were dried to a constant weight in a constant temperature drying oven at 60 ± 3 °C, pulverized, and prepared for dry matter (DM, drying method at 100 ± 3 °C), crude ash (CA, ashing method at 550 °C), organic matter (OM, OM = DM - CA), and crude fat (EE, Soxhlet extraction method). The determination of conventional components referred to AOAC (2012).

[0055] 2.7 Blood sample collection and determination

[0056] Blood samples were collected from the anterior vena cava before morning feeding on the 28th day of the formal test period. 5 mL of blood samples were collected using anticoagulant tubes, left standing for 15 minutes without coagulation, and then sent for testing to measure whole blood indices; 5 mL of blood samples were collected using clot activator tubes, left standing at room temperature for 15 minutes, then centrifuged at 3,500 r / min for 15 minutes at 4°C, and the separated serum was stored at -20°C for testing serum enzymes, metabolites, hormones, and antioxidant indices.

[0057] 2.7.1 Hematological indices

[0058] Hematological indices were measured using a hematology analyzer (KX-21, SYSEMX, Japan). The indices included total white blood cell count (WBC), total red blood cell count (RBC), total platelet count (PLT), lymphocytes (LYM), hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC).

[0059] 2.7.2 Serum metabolites

[0060] Serum biochemical indices were measured using an automatic serum biochemical analyzer (COBUS MIRAPlus, Roche, USA). The indices included total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), urea nitrogen (UREA), glucose (GLU), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL).

[0061] 2.7.3 Serum enzymes

[0062] Serum enzymes were measured using an automatic serum biochemical analyzer (COBUS MIRAPlus, Roche, USA). The indices included aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH).

[0063] 2.7.4 Serum hormones

[0064] Serum hormones were measured using a radioimmunoassay instrument. The indices included follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2), and progesterone (P).

[0065] 2.7.5 Serum antioxidant enzymes

[0066] The determination of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and malondialdehyde (MDA) was carried out according to the operating steps of the kit. For the determination of SOD, after adding samples to the centrifuge tube and mixing evenly according to the kit steps, it was placed in a water bath at 37 °C for 40 min of water bath heating, and then the color reagent was added to measure the absorbance value; for the determination of GSH-PX, the sample was added to the centrifuge tube according to the kit steps, and after centrifugation, 1 mL of the supernatant was taken for the color reaction. After adding the color reagent, it was left standing at room temperature for 15 min, and then the absorbance value was measured; for the determination of MDA, after adding samples according to the kit steps, it was mixed evenly with a vortex mixer, placed in a water bath at 95 °C for 40 min of water bath, taken out and cooled with running water, and after centrifugation, the supernatant was taken to measure the absorbance value. The absorbance (OD) value was measured using an ultraviolet spectrophotometer. A colorimetric cuvette with a 1 cm light path was used for colorimetry. The colorimetric cuvettes were paired before use, and the instrument was preheated for 20 min in advance. The wavelength (550 nm, 412 nm and 532 nm) was adjusted, and the index values of the measured samples were calculated according to the formula.

[0067] 2.8 Collection and determination of slaughter samples

[0068] After the end of the formal test period, the gilts in each group repeat were stunned, bled and then slaughtered. The abdominal cavity was opened, and first, the presence of obvious pathological changes in organs such as the liver, uterus and ovaries was observed and recorded. The spleen, heart, kidney, liver, uterus and ovaries were quickly taken, weighed and recorded to calculate the organ index. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0069] Organ index (g / kg) = Organ weight (g) / Live body weight (kg)

[0070] The uterus was rinsed with normal saline and then cut and sampled into a 5 mL cryopreservation tube and stored at -80 °C for transcriptomics detection. Another portion was fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde solution for hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemistry; one side of the ovary was stored in a 5 mL cryopreservation tube at -80 °C, and the other side was placed in the fixative. When sampling, ensure that the sampling sites of the uterus in each repeat are the same, and the ovary is on the same side.

[0071] 3. Experimental results

[0072] 3.1 Growth performance

[0073] The effects of zearalenone and trans-anethole on the growth performance of weaned piglets are shown in Table 2. The results showed that 1.5 mg / kg zearalenone and 500 mg / kg trans-anethole had no significant effect on the growth performance of weaned piglets (P>0.05). There was a significant interaction between zearalenone and trans-anethole on the average daily gain of weaned piglets (P<0.05).

[0074] Table 2 Effects of zearalenone and trans-anethole on the production performance of weaned piglets (n = 6)

[0075]

[0076] Note: CON: Control; ZEA: Zearalenone; TA: Trans-anethole.

[0077] 3.2 Apparent nutrient digestibility

[0078] The effects of zearalenone and trans-anethole on the apparent nutrient digestibility of weaned piglets are shown in Table 3. The results show that 1.5 mg / kg zearalenone significantly reduced the digestibility of protein in weaned piglets (P<0.05), and 500 mg / kg trans-anethole had no significant effect on the apparent nutrient digestibility of weaned piglets (P>0.05). There was no significant interaction between zearalenone and trans-anethole on the apparent nutrient digestibility of weaned piglets (P>0.05).

[0079] Table 3 Effects of zearalenone and trans-anethole on the apparent nutrient digestibility of weaned piglets (%, n = 6)

[0080]

[0081] Note: CON: Control; ZEA: Zearalenone; TA: Trans-anethole.

[0082] 3.3 Hematological indexes

[0083] The effects of zearalenone and trans-anethole on the hematological indexes of weaned piglets are shown in Table 4. The results show that 1.5 mg / kg zearalenone and 500 mg / kg trans-anethole had no significant effect on the measured hematological indexes (P>0.05). There was no significant interaction between zearalenone and trans-anethole on the hematological indexes of piglets (P>0.05).

[0084] Table 4 Effects of zearalenone and trans-anethole on the hematological indexes of weaned piglets (n = 6)

[0085]

[0086]

[0087] Note: CON: Control; ZEA: Zearalenone; TA: Trans-anethole.

[0088] 3.4 Serum metabolites

[0089] The effects of zearalenone and trans-anethole on the serum biochemical indices of weaned piglets are shown in Table 5. The results show that: in the serum treated with 1.5 mg / kg zearalenone, the total protein (TP), albumin (ALB) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) decreased significantly (P<0.05), the urea nitrogen (UREA) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) increased significantly (P<0.05), and the total cholesterol (TC) tended to increase (P = 0.05). In the serum treated with 500 mg / kg trans-anethole, the TC decreased significantly (P<0.05), and the HDL increased significantly (P<0.05). There was an interaction trend between zearalenone and trans-anethole on TC (P = 0.060).

[0090] Table 5 Effects of zearalenone and trans-anethole on the serum metabolites of weaned piglets (U / mL, n = 6)

[0091]

[0092] Note: CON control; ZEA: zearalenone; TA: trans-anethole.

[0093] 3.5 Serum enzymes

[0094] The effects of zearalenone and trans-anethole on the serum enzymes of weaned piglets are shown in Table 6. The content of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the serum of piglets increased significantly (P<0.05) after treatment with 1.5 mg / kg zearalenone. The content of ALT, AST and LDH decreased significantly (P<0.05) after treatment with 500 mg / kg trans-anethole. There was a significant interaction between zearalenone and trans-anethole on ALT and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (P<0.05).

[0095] Table 6 Effects of zearalenone and trans-anethole on the serum enzyme activities of weaned piglets (U / ml, n = 6)

[0096]

[0097]

[0098] Note: CON: control; ZEA: zearalenone; TA: trans-anethole.

[0099] 3.6 Serum hormones

[0100] The effects of zearalenone and trans-anethole on the serum hormones of weaned piglets are shown in Table 7. Zearalenone at 1.5 mg / kg significantly decreased the contents of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and estradiol (E2) (P<0.05), and there was a tendency for luteinizing hormone (LH) (P = 0.060) and progesterone (PG) (P = 0.079) to decrease. Trans-anethole at 500 mg / kg had no significant effect on the serum hormone levels of weaned piglets (P>0.05). There was no significant interaction between zearalenone and trans-anethole on the serum hormone levels of weaned piglets (P>0.05).

[0101] Table 7 Effects of zearalenone and trans-anethole on the serum enzyme activities of weaned piglets (n = 6)

[0102]

[0103] 3.7 Serum antioxidant markers

[0104] The effects of zearalenone and trans-anethole on the serum antioxidant markers of weaned piglets are shown in Table 8. The results showed that zearalenone at 1.5 mg / kg significantly increased the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) (P<0.05), and significantly decreased the contents of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (P<0.05). Trans-anethole at 500 mg / kg had a tendency to decrease MDA in weaned piglets (P = 0.099) and a tendency to promote the production of SOD (P = 0.087). There was a significant interaction between zearalenone and trans-anethole on the peroxidation marker MDA in weaned piglets (P<0.05), and a tendency for interaction on GSH-Px (P = 0.085) and SOD (P = 0.074).

[0105] Table 8 Effects of zearalenone and trans-anethole on the serum enzyme activities of weaned piglets (n = 6)

[0106]

[0107] 3.8 Organ index

[0108] 3.8.1 Liver organ index

[0109] The effects of zearalenone and trans-anethole on the liver index of weaned piglets are as Figure 1 shown. Zearalenone at 1.5 mg / kg and trans-anethole at 500 mg / kg had no significant effect on the liver index of piglets (P<0.05). There was no significant interaction between zearalenone and trans-anethole on the liver index of piglets (P>0.05).

[0110] 3.8.2 Uterus organ index

[0111] The effects of zearalenone and trans-anethole on the uterine organ index of weaned piglets are as Figure 2 shown. Zearalenone at 1.5 mg / kg significantly increased the uterine organ index of piglets (P<0.05), compared with the CON group, and the uterus in the ZEA group showed obvious edema and inflammatory reactions; trans-anethole at 500 mg / kg had no significant effect on the uterine organ index of piglets (P>0.05). The uterine volume in the TA group was larger than that in the CON group, but there were no obvious edema and inflammatory reactions, which was normal development, indicating that trans-anethole had a low estrogen-like effect, could competitively inhibit the toxicity of ZEA, and at the same time had the effect of promoting uterine development. There was a significant interaction between zearalenone and trans-anethole on the uterine organ index of piglets (P<0.05). Compared with the ZEA group, the degree of uterine edema and inflammatory reactions in the ZEA×TA group were reduced. It was shown that trans-anethole alleviated the toxic effect of zearalenone on the uterus.

[0112] 3.8.3 Ovarian organ index

[0113] The effects of zearalenone and trans-anethole on the ovarian organ index of weaned piglets are as Figure 3 shown. Zearalenone at 1.5 mg / kg significantly decreased the ovarian organ index of weaned piglets (P<0.05), compared with the CON group. The ovarian volume in the ZEA group was significantly reduced, the number of surface follicles was significantly decreased, and ovarian hypoplasia occurred; trans-anethole at 500 mg / kg had a tendency to increase the ovarian organ index of piglets (P = 0.051). The surface follicles of the ovaries in the TA group were dense and had a high degree of maturity, indicating that trans-anethole had the effect of promoting ovarian development. Compared with the ZEA group, the ovaries in the ZEA×TA group had more surface follicles, larger volume, and higher degree of maturity, indicating that trans-anethole alleviated the toxic effect of zearalenone on the ovaries.

[0114] 3.8.4 Other organ indices

[0115] The effects of zearalenone and trans-anethole on the other organ indices of weaned piglets are shown in Table 9. Zearalenone at 1.5 mg / kg and trans-anethole at 500 mg / kg had no significant effects on the other organ indices of weaned piglets (P>0.05). There was no significant interaction between zearalenone and trans-anethole on the other organ indices of piglets (P>0.05).

[0116] Table 9 Effects of zearalenone and trans-anethole on other organ indices of weaned piglets (g / kg, n = 6)

[0117]

[0118] Note: CON: Control; ZEA: Zearalenone; TA: Trans-anethole.

[0119] 4. Summary

[0120] Zearalenone is a mycotoxin with estrogenic effects, which can increase the estrogen level in piglets. The experiments of the present invention confirm that feeding piglets with feed contaminated by zearalenone can cause an increase in the uterine organ index and a decrease in the ovarian organ index, and cause obvious damage to the reproductive organs of piglets. Applying trans-anethole to the feed of piglets contaminated by zearalenone for detoxification, it can be observed that the uterine organ index decreases significantly and the ovarian organ index increases significantly. It shows that trans-anethole has the effect of alleviating the reproductive toxicity of zearalenone to piglets.

[0121] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Use of trans-anethole in the preparation of a drug for alleviating zearalenone poisoning in animals, characterized in that, The alleviation of zearalenone poisoning in animals is manifested as the alleviation of the reproductive toxicity caused by zearalenone and the improvement of the uterine organ index and ovarian organ index; The animal is a piglet.

2. Use of trans-anethole in the preparation of a feed for relieving zearalenone poisoning in animals, characterized in that, The alleviation of zearalenone poisoning in animals is manifested as the alleviation of the reproductive toxicity caused by zearalenone and the improvement of the uterine organ index and ovarian organ index; The animal is a piglet.

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