A drying system for high-moisture organic solid waste

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of high-moisture organic solid waste drying, and particularly relates to a drying system for high-moisture organic solid waste. The technical scheme can provide carbon sources for target bacteria, support water diffusion channels between solid waste blocks formed by high-moisture organic solid waste, diffuse non-bound water from the water diffusion channels, degrade organic matters in the high-moisture organic solid waste, increase porosity and specific surface area of the high-moisture organic solid waste, and keep the temperature of the sunlight shed and the target mixture in the drying process below 50 DEG C, so as to ensure good living conditions of the target bacteria and reduce the risk of dust explosion caused by the increase of dust concentration in the late drying period due to the introduction of target organic matter. The target mixture receives sunlight radiation, continuously turns over, and is driven by a fan, so as to realize drying of the high-moisture organic solid waste.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of high-moisture organic solid waste measurement, and particularly relates to a drying system for high-moisture organic solid waste. BACKGROUND

[0002] High-moisture organic solid waste is organic solid waste generated in the process of production and life, such as municipal waste, printing and dyeing waste, river waste, livestock manure, vinasse, oil sludge, kitchen waste and the like, and has the characteristics of high moisture content. The high-moisture organic solid waste has the following characteristics: 1) pollution is large, and it is easy to rot, deteriorate, breed mosquitoes and bacteria, which brings great threat to environmental protection and public health; 2) gap is large, and the annual output is usually in the order of tens of millions or even billions of tons, and the existing disposal capacity is seriously insufficient, and the disposal technology is backward, and landfill is still the main method in some areas.

[0003] In the related art, the drying process of high-moisture organic solid waste generally has the common problems of low efficiency and high energy consumption, and the reason is that the high-moisture organic solid waste is prone to shrinkage and agglomeration during drying, which leads to the closure of the pore structure and the sharp increase in the resistance of internal water (i.e. non-bound water) to outward diffusion and evaporation.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a drying system for high-moisture organic solid waste to solve the above technical problems. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a drying system for high-moisture organic solid waste, which can promote the diffusion of water in high-moisture organic solid waste to improve the drying effect of high-moisture organic solid waste.

[0006] The present application provides a drying system for high-moisture organic solid waste, which includes a sunlight shed, a target mixture laid in the sunlight shed, and a fan and a harrow machine arranged in the sunlight shed. The target mixture includes high-moisture organic solid waste to be dried, target organic matter and target bacteria. The target organic matter is used to provide carbon source for the target bacteria. The target bacteria are used to degrade organic matter in the high-moisture organic solid waste and increase the porosity and specific surface area of the high-moisture organic solid waste.

[0007] The harrow machine is used to continuously turn the target mixture to make each material in the target mixture uniformly contact. The target organic matter is also used to support the diffusion channels of water between the solid waste agglomerates formed by the high-moisture organic solid waste, so that the non-bound water surrounded by a plurality of solid waste agglomerates diffuses outward from the diffusion channels of water.

[0008] The drying of the high-moisture organic solid waste is realized by making the target mixture receive sunlight radiation, continuous turning and driving by the fan, so that the moisture content of the high-moisture organic solid waste is less than 40%; wherein the temperature in the sunlight shed and the temperature of the target mixture in the drying process are both not more than 50 DEG C.

[0009] As can be seen from the above scheme, the drying system of the high-moisture organic solid waste provided by the application can not only provide carbon source for the target bacteria, but also support the water diffusion channels between the solid waste blocks formed by the high-moisture organic solid waste, so that the non-bound water surrounded by the multiple solid waste blocks diffuses outward from the water diffusion channels; the target bacteria can degrade the organic matter in the high-moisture organic solid waste and increase the porosity and specific surface area of the high-moisture organic solid waste, so as to improve the micro-morphology of the solid waste and improve the permeability and permeability of the solid waste; the temperature in the sunlight shed and the temperature of the target mixture in the drying process are both not more than 50 DEG C, which can not only ensure the good survival conditions of the target bacteria, but also reduce the risk of dust explosion caused by the increase of dust concentration in the late drying due to the introduction of the target organic matter; thus, the drying of the high-moisture organic solid waste is realized by making the target mixture receive sunlight radiation, continuous turning and driving by the fan, so that the moisture content of the high-moisture organic solid waste is less than 40%. Therefore, the above technical scheme effectively solves the problem of low drying efficiency caused by shrinkage, agglomeration and pore structure closure of the high-moisture organic solid waste in the drying process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0010] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor.

[0011] Figure 1 The structure diagram of the drying system of the high-moisture organic solid waste provided by the embodiment of the application is shown in the figure.

[0012] Figure 2 The principle diagram of the shrinkage and agglomeration of the solid waste block and the avoidance of the shrinkage and agglomeration is shown in the figure.

[0013] Figure 3 The principle diagram of the calculation of the thermal conductivity is shown in the figure.

[0014] Reference signs:

[0015] 1-sunlight shed; 2-fan; 3-gas inlet; 4-gas outlet; 5-target mixture; 6-controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall into the protection scope of the present application.

[0017] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , one embodiment of the present application provides a drying system for high-moisture organic solid waste, which comprises a sunlight shed 1, a target mixture 5 laid in the sunlight shed 1, and a fan 2 and a harrow (not shown in the figure) arranged in the sunlight shed 1, the target mixture 5 comprises high-moisture organic solid waste to be dried, target organic matter and target bacteria, the target organic matter is used to provide a carbon source for the target bacteria, the target bacteria are used to degrade organic matters in the high-moisture organic solid waste and increase the porosity and specific surface area of the high-moisture organic solid waste, one end of the sunlight shed 1 is provided with a gas inlet 3, and the other end is provided with a gas outlet 4, and the fan 2 is used to drive the moisture evaporated from the target mixture 5 to be discharged from the gas outlet 4.

[0018] The harrow is used to continuously turn over the target mixture 5, so that each material in the target mixture 5 is uniformly contacted; wherein the target organic matter is also used to support the moisture diffusion channels between the solid waste blocks formed by the high-moisture organic solid waste, so that the non-combined water surrounded by the plurality of solid waste blocks diffuses outward from the moisture diffusion channels.

[0019] By making the target mixture 5 receive sunlight radiation, continuously turning over and using the fan 2 to drive, the drying of the high-moisture organic solid waste is realized, so that the moisture content of the high-moisture organic solid waste is less than 40%; wherein the temperature in the sunlight shed 1 and the temperature of the target mixture 5 in the drying process are both not more than 50℃.

[0020] In the present embodiment, by means of the target organic matter, not only the carbon source can be provided for the target bacteria, but also the moisture diffusion channels between the solid waste blocks formed by the high-moisture organic solid waste can be supported (see Figure 2, the target organic matter is not added and the continuous turning is not performed, the pore collapse and the shrinkage and agglomeration occur; and when the target organic matter is added and the continuous turning is performed, the pore collapse and the shrinkage and agglomeration do not occur, so that the non-bound water surrounded by the plurality of solid waste agglomerates diffuses out of the water diffusion channel; the target bacteria can degrade the organic matter in the high-moisture organic solid waste and increase the porosity and the specific surface area of the high-moisture organic solid waste, so as to improve the micro-morphology of the solid waste and improve the permeability and the penetrability of the solid waste; and the temperature in the sunlight shed 1 and the temperature of the target mixture 5 in the drying process are both less than 50 DEG C, which can ensure the good survival conditions of the target bacteria and reduce the risk of dust explosion caused by the increase of the dust concentration in the later drying stage due to the introduction of the target organic matter; in this way, the drying of the high-moisture organic solid waste is realized by making the target mixture 5 receive the sunlight radiation, the continuous turning and the driving of the fan 2, so that the moisture content of the high-moisture organic solid waste is less than 40%. Therefore, the above technical scheme effectively solves the problem of low drying efficiency caused by the shrinkage, the agglomeration and the pore structure closure of the high-moisture organic solid waste in the drying process.

[0021] It should be noted that the turning machine in the embodiment of the present application needs to continuously turn, so as to better ensure the uniformity of the substances in the target mixture 5, so that the target organic matter can better support the water diffusion channels between the solid waste agglomerates formed by the high-moisture organic solid waste. On the contrary, the fermentation heat production activity of the target bacteria has little effect on the drying compared with the way of forming a large number of water diffusion channels by continuous turning. Moreover, the continuous turning operation can also adjust the water content, the pH value, the C / N ratio and other parameters in the target mixture 5, so as to optimize the growth environment of the target bacteria.

[0022] In an embodiment of the present application, the above drying system further comprises a controller 6 and a first sensor assembly (not shown in the figure) and a second sensor assembly (not shown in the figure) arranged in the sunlight shed 1, the controller 6 is electrically connected with the fan 2, the first sensor assembly and the second sensor assembly respectively;

[0023] The first sensor assembly is used to obtain the real-time parameters of the high-moisture organic solid waste, and the real-time parameters of the high-moisture organic solid waste include the density, the specific heat, the thermal conductivity, the viscosity and the laying thickness of the high-moisture organic solid waste;

[0024] The second sensor assembly is used to obtain the real-time parameters in the sunlight shed 1, and the real-time parameters in the sunlight shed 1 include the sunlight radiation intensity, the wind speed, the temperature and the humidity in the sunlight shed 1;

[0025] The controller 6 is used to control the running speed of the fan 2 and the turning frequency of the turning machine based on the real-time parameters of the high-moisture organic solid waste and the sunlight shed 1.

[0026] In the embodiment, since the high-water-content organic solid waste and the real-time parameters in the sunlight shed 1 are constantly changing in the actual engineering application process, in order to continuously maintain stable and efficient drying efficiency, the whole drying process can be considered to be effectively monitored and dynamically adjusted, that is, by means of the controller 6, the first sensor assembly and the second sensor assembly, the running speed of the fan 2 and the raking frequency of the raking machine can be controlled, so as to better realize efficient drying.

[0027] It can be understood that the first sensor assembly, for example, comprises a dynamic torque sensor (for measuring viscosity), a density sensor, a heat flow sensor (for measuring specific heat), a temperature sensor (for measuring thermal conductivity, please refer to the following), etc., and the second sensor assembly, for example, comprises a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a wind speed sensor, a radiation sensor, etc.

[0028] In an embodiment of the present application, the controller 6 specifically controls the running speed of the fan 2 and the raking frequency of the raking machine in the following manner:

[0029] A training sample set is constructed; wherein the training sample set comprises the density, specific heat, thermal conductivity, viscosity and laying thickness of the high-water-content organic solid waste as input training samples, the sunlight radiation intensity, wind speed, temperature and humidity in the sunlight shed 1 as input training samples, and the solid waste characteristic index as output training samples, the solid waste characteristic index being used to represent the material characteristics of the high-water-content organic solid waste;

[0030] The constructed training sample set is input into a preset neural network model to train the neural network model, so as to obtain a dynamic adjustment model;

[0031] The real-time parameters of the high-water-content organic solid waste and the sunlight shed 1 are input into the dynamic adjustment model to obtain the solid waste characteristic index at the current time;

[0032] Based on the solid waste characteristic index at the current time, the running speed of the fan 2 and the raking frequency of the raking machine are controlled.

[0033] In the embodiment, the end-to-end training learning can be quickly realized by means of machine learning, which does not need to consider the correlation of various parameters in the middle, but only needs to update the weight of the neural network model according to a large amount of known data, so as to obtain a relatively accurate output result, so that the mapping relationship between the input (i.e. the parameters of the high-water-content organic solid waste and the sunlight shed 1) and the output (i.e. the solid waste characteristic index) can be quickly established.

[0034] In an embodiment of the present application, when the controller 6 performs control of the running speed of the fan 2 and the raking frequency of the raking machine based on the solid waste characteristic index at the current time, the following operations are specifically performed:

[0035] If SI = 0, the fan 2 and the raking machine are started;

[0036] If 0 < SI ≤ 25, the running speed of the fan 2 is controlled at 100% and the raking frequency of the raking machine is controlled at 30 times / hour;

[0037] If 25 < SI ≤ 75, the running speed of the fan 2 is controlled at 80% and the raking frequency of the raking machine is controlled at 20 times / hour;

[0038] If 75 < SI ≤ 125, the running speed of the fan 2 is controlled at 60% and the raking frequency of the raking machine is controlled at 15 times / hour;

[0039] If 125 < SI ≤ 175, the running speed of the fan 2 is controlled at 40% and the raking frequency of the raking machine is controlled at 10 times / hour;

[0040] If 175 < SI ≤ 225, the running speed of the fan 2 is controlled at 20% and the raking frequency of the raking machine is controlled at 5 times / hour;

[0041] If 225 < SI, the fan 2 and the raking machine are stopped;

[0042] SI is the solid waste characteristic index at the current time.

[0043] In the embodiment, the solid waste characteristic index (SI) is set as the judgment index of the controller 6, and compared with multiple input parameters (for example, the multiple parameters of the high-moisture organic solid waste and the sunlight shed 1), the former can more quickly control the running speed of the fan 2 and the raking frequency of the raking machine.

[0044] In some embodiments, the moisture content of the high-moisture organic solid waste is greater than 80%, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment.

[0045] In some embodiments, the target organic matter includes at least one of straw and leaves.

[0046] In some embodiments, the target bacteria include at least one of photosynthetic bacteria, yeast bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, pseudomonas, bacillus and actinomycetes.

[0047] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the target organic matter to the dry basis of the high-moisture organic solid waste is 8-12%, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment.

[0048] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the target bacteria to the dry basis of the high-moisture organic solid waste is 2-5%, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment.

[0049] In an embodiment of the application, the setting position of the fan 2 in the sunlight shed 1 is determined by the following method:

[0050] Grids are divided for the sunlight shed 1 in the Fluent software;

[0051] A target mathematical model is selected in the Fluent software; wherein the target mathematical model comprises a flow model, a component model and a heat transfer model;

[0052] Boundary conditions are determined in the Fluent software, and the boundary conditions are valued; wherein the boundary conditions comprise the density, specific heat, thermal conductivity, viscosity and laying thickness of the high-moisture organic solid waste, and the sunlight radiation intensity, wind speed, temperature and humidity in the sunlight shed 1;

[0053] The drying process of the high-moisture organic solid waste is numerically simulated to obtain the flow field, component concentration field, humidity field and temperature field in the sunlight shed 1;

[0054] Based on the flow field, humidity field and temperature field in the sunlight shed 1, the setting positions of the fan 2 in the sunlight shed 1 are determined; wherein one fan 2 is arranged at each setting position.

[0055] In this embodiment, the setting positions of the fan 2 in the sunlight shed 1 are adjusted to optimize the temperature field, humidity field and flow field, so as to improve the drying efficiency of the high-moisture organic solid waste by strengthening the water mass transfer process. At the same time, by modeling the physical and chemical changes, heat transfer and water migration of the high-moisture organic solid waste (i.e. the flow model, component model and heat transfer model), the physical mechanism in the drying process can be better understood, so as to optimize the design of the sunlight shed 1 and improve the drying efficiency.

[0056] It can be understood that based on the flow field in the sunlight shed 1, it can be seen which areas are the stagnant zones, so that a fan 2 can be arranged in the stagnant zone to drive the air flow movement in the stagnant zone; based on the humidity field in the sunlight shed 1, it can be seen which areas are the drying dead angles, so that a fan 2 can be arranged in the drying dead angle to drive the air flow to the drying dead angle; based on the temperature field in the sunlight shed 1, the temperature distribution can be seen, so that a fan 2 can be arranged in the area with higher temperature to drive the air flow to the area with lower temperature. In this way, the setting positions of the fan 2 in the sunlight shed 1 can be optimized.

[0057] As shown in FIG. 1, Figure 3 In one embodiment of the present application, the thermal conductivity of the high-moisture organic solid waste is determined by the following method:

[0058] The cylindrical barrel is divided into upper and lower spaces, and the high-moisture organic solid waste is filled in the lower space of the cylindrical barrel, and the upper space of the cylindrical barrel is an air space;

[0059] A heating rod is inserted in the center of the cylindrical barrel to heat the high-moisture organic solid waste and air by the heating rod; wherein the heating rod is arranged in the upper space and the lower space;

[0060] A first temperature sensor is inserted in a non-central position of the lower space, a second temperature sensor is inserted in a non-central position of the upper space, and a third temperature sensor is inserted in the center of the high-moisture organic solid waste to monitor the temperature of the heating rod; wherein the distance from the first temperature sensor to the heating rod is equal to the distance from the second temperature sensor to the heating rod;

[0061] The thermal conductivity of the high-moisture organic solid waste is determined by the following formula:

[0062]

[0063] In the formula, λs is the thermal conductivity, ha is the height of the upper space, hs is the height of the lower space, t1 is the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor, t2 is the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor, and t3 is the temperature detected by the third temperature sensor.

[0064] It should be noted that the above formula assumes that heat is only conducted from the cylindrical surface, and the temperature only changes with the radius r, which is a one-dimensional stable temperature field conduction. According to the stable conduction Fourier law, the heat conduction rate of a microelement (heat conducted per unit time) is proportional to the normal temperature gradient of the isothermal surface of the microelement and the heat conduction area of the microelement.

[0065] It should be noted that in the present application, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity or action from another, and do not necessarily require or imply that these entities or actions exist in any such actual relationship or order. Moreover, the terms "include", "contain" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to such a process, method, article or equipment.

[0066] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, which is only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A drying system of high water content organic solid waste, characterized by, The application relates to a solar greenhouse, a target mixture laid in the solar greenhouse and a fan and a harrow arranged in the solar greenhouse, the target mixture comprising high-moisture organic solid waste to be dried, target organic matter and target bacteria, the target organic matter being used for providing a carbon source for the target bacteria, and the target bacteria being used for degrading organic matters in the high-moisture organic solid waste and increasing the porosity and specific surface area of the high-moisture organic solid waste. The harrow is used for continuously turning over the target mixture so that each material in the target mixture is uniformly contacted; wherein the target organic matter is also used for supporting moisture diffusion channels between solid waste blocks formed by the high-moisture organic solid waste, so that non-bound water surrounded by a plurality of the solid waste blocks diffuses outward from the moisture diffusion channels. The drying of the high-moisture organic solid waste is realized by making the target mixture receive solar radiation, continuously turning over and using the fan, so that the moisture content of the high-moisture organic solid waste is less than 40%; wherein the temperature in the solar greenhouse and the temperature of the target mixture in the drying process are both not more than 50 DEG C. The application further relates to a controller, a first sensor assembly and a second sensor assembly arranged in the solar greenhouse, the controller being electrically connected with the fan, the first sensor assembly and the second sensor assembly respectively. The first sensor assembly is used for obtaining real-time parameters of the high-moisture organic solid waste, the real-time parameters of the high-moisture organic solid waste including the density, specific heat, thermal conductivity, viscosity and laying thickness of the high-moisture organic solid waste. The second sensor assembly is used for obtaining real-time parameters in the solar greenhouse, the real-time parameters in the solar greenhouse including the solar radiation intensity, wind speed, temperature and humidity in the solar greenhouse. The controller is used for controlling the running speed of the fan and the turning-over frequency of the harrow based on the real-time parameters of the high-moisture organic solid waste and the solar greenhouse. The controller controls the running speed of the fan and the turning-over frequency of the harrow by the following way: a training sample set is constructed; wherein the training sample set includes the density, specific heat, thermal conductivity, viscosity and laying thickness of the high-moisture organic solid waste as input training samples, the solar radiation intensity, wind speed, temperature and humidity in the solar greenhouse as input training samples and a solid waste characteristic index as output training samples, the solid waste characteristic index being used for characterizing the material characteristics of the high-moisture organic solid waste; the constructed training sample set is input into a preset neural network model to train the neural network model and obtain a dynamic adjustment model; the real-time parameters of the high-moisture organic solid waste and the solar greenhouse are input into the dynamic adjustment model to obtain a solid waste characteristic index at a current time; the running speed of the fan and the turning-over frequency of the harrow are controlled based on the solid waste characteristic index at the current time.

2. The drying system of high water content organic solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the controller controls the running speed of the fan and the turning-over frequency of the harrow based on the solid waste characteristic index at the current time, the following operation is performed: if SI=0, the fan and the harrow are started. if 0 < SI ≤ 25, controlling the running speed of the fan to be 100% and the turning frequency of the turning machine to be 30 times per hour; if 25 < SI ≤ 75, controlling the running speed of the fan to be 80% and the turning frequency of the turning machine to be 20 times per hour; if 75 < SI ≤ 125, controlling the running speed of the fan to be 60% and the turning frequency of the turning machine to be 15 times per hour; if 125 < SI ≤ 175, controlling the running speed of the fan to be 40% and the turning frequency of the turning machine to be 10 times per hour; if 175 < SI ≤ 225, controlling the running speed of the fan to be 20% and the turning frequency of the turning machine to be 5 times per hour; if 225 < SI, controlling the fan and the turning machine to stop running; wherein, SI is the solid waste characteristic index at the current time.

3. The drying system of high water content organic solid waste according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The high-moisture organic solid waste has a moisture content greater than 80%.

4. The drying system of high water content organic solid waste according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The target organic matter includes at least one of straw and leaves.

5. The drying system of high water content organic solid waste according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The target bacteria include at least one of photosynthetic bacteria, yeast, lactic acid bacteria, pseudomonas, bacillus and actinomycetes.

6. The drying system of high water content organic solid waste according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the target organic matter to the dry basis of the high-moisture organic solid waste is 8-12%.

7. The drying system of high water content organic solid waste according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the target bacteria to the dry basis of the high-moisture organic solid waste is 2-5%.

8. The drying system of high water content organic solid waste according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The setting position of the fan in the sunlight shed is determined by: dividing the sunlight shed into grids in the Fluent software; selecting a target mathematical model in the Fluent software; wherein the target mathematical model includes a flow model, a component model and a heat transfer model; determining boundary conditions in the Fluent software and assigning values to the boundary conditions; wherein the boundary conditions include the density, specific heat, thermal conductivity, viscosity and laying thickness of the high-moisture organic solid waste, and the sunlight radiation intensity, wind speed, temperature and humidity in the sunlight shed; numerically simulating the drying process of the high-moisture organic solid waste to obtain the flow field, component concentration field, humidity field and temperature field in the sunlight shed; determining the setting position of the fan in the sunlight shed based on the flow field, humidity field and temperature field in the sunlight shed.

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