A multi-band weather radar reflectivity factor networking method and device

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of multi-band weather radar reflectivity factor networking method and device.The method includes the following steps: obtaining the S-band weather radar stream data with 1 minute time resolution and the X-band weather radar base data with 3 minute time resolution;reconstructing S-band weather radar base data;extracting the radar site parameters of 9 elevation angles of S-band weather radar and the radar site parameters of 9 elevation angles of X-band weather radar respectively;generating the S-band contour surface reflectivity factor data according to the radar site parameters of 9 elevation angles of S-band, and generating the X-band contour surface reflectivity factor data according to the radar site parameters of 9 elevation angles of X-band;fusing and networking the S-band contour surface reflectivity factor data and the X-band contour surface reflectivity factor data.The application can improve the fusion networking time resolution, and can also view the contour surface reflectivity factor of multi-band radar in real time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of meteorological technology, and more specifically, relates to a multi-band weather radar reflectivity factor networking method and device. Background Art

[0002] S-band operational weather radars can quantitatively detect echo intensity, radial velocity, spectral width, and other information. Their high temporal and spatial resolution and accurate detection capabilities have made them an extremely effective monitoring and early warning tool for mesoscale severe weather. However, the detection range of a single, fixed ground-based radar is limited, insufficient to cover complex and changing weather systems. Furthermore, due to my country's complex terrain, most operational radars experience varying degrees of obstruction at an elevation angle of 0.5°, limiting the S-band operational weather radar network's ability to detect low-level meteorological targets.

[0003] X-band dual-polarization Doppler weather radar has a higher resolution than S-band operational weather radar, and can fill in the low-altitude detection blind spots and static conical blind spots of S-band operational weather radar. Compared to S-band operational weather radar, X-band weather radar is relatively small, making site construction and radar installation more portable and inexpensive. More radars can be built with a small amount of capital, providing detailed observation data for mountainous areas and key monitoring areas, enhancing localized disaster weather monitoring and early warning capabilities. Therefore, to improve low-altitude detection capabilities, the joint network observation of X-band radar and S-band operational weather radar can better reveal the laws of atmospheric motion during weather processes and effectively enhance the detection capabilities of disaster weather.

[0004] Currently, domestic X-band dual-polarization Doppler weather radars and S-band operational weather radars typically operate separately, each with its own operational system and without integration. With the development of the X-band radar network, integrating it with the existing S-band operational weather radar network will become an inevitable trend. Existing research has proposed methods for fusing S-band and X-band weather radars. These methods can integrate radar reflectivity factors in overlapping areas of radars from different bands, but they are all based on S-band weather radar volume-based data with a time resolution of 6 minutes, which cannot meet the timeliness requirements of practical applications. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the above-mentioned defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present invention provides a multi-band weather radar reflectivity factor networking method and device, which can improve the fusion networking resolution and can quickly view the multi-band radar reflectivity factor in real time.

[0006] To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, a multi-band weather radar reflectivity factor networking method is provided, comprising the steps of:

[0007] S1, acquires S-band weather radar stream data with a time resolution of 1 minute and X-band weather radar base data with a time resolution of 3 minutes;

[0008] S2: Match the stream data closest to the current time in the S-band weather radar stream data, and use the stream data closest to the current time as the end stream data, match N stream data forward, N is a preset number, and construct the S-band weather radar base data with a time resolution of 1 minute according to the standard format of weather radar base data from the matched N+1 stream data;

[0009] S3, parse the reconstructed S-band weather radar base data and X-band weather radar base data, extract the radar site parameters of the S-band weather radar at 9 elevation angles and the radar site parameters of the X-band weather radar at 9 elevation angles, respectively. Each set of radar site parameters includes the radar site longitude, radar site latitude, azimuth, distance library, and reflectivity factor;

[0010] S4, generates the S-band contour reflectivity factor data based on the radar site parameters at 9 elevation angles of the S-band, and generates the X-band contour reflectivity factor data based on the radar site parameters at 9 elevation angles of the X-band;

[0011] S5, the S-band contour surface reflectivity factor data and the X-band contour surface reflectivity factor data are fused and networked.

[0012] Furthermore, the step of constructing S-band weather radar base data with a time resolution of 1 minute from the matched N+1 stream data according to the weather radar base data standard format includes the following steps:

[0013] Get matching N+1 stream data;

[0014] Parse the common data blocks of the N+1 stream data, which include common header data, site configuration data, task configuration data, and scan configuration data.

[0015] Parse the radial data blocks of N+1 stream data, where the radial data blocks include radial headers and radial data.

[0016] Generate base data based on virtual volume scanning technology, and write the common data blocks of N+1 stream data into the base data of virtual volume scanning technology in binary format;

[0017] Rewrite the scan start time in the task configuration module in the base data based on the virtual body scanning technology. The start time is based on the earliest time in the stream data combination based on the virtual body scanning technology.

[0018] After sorting the elevation angle numbers in the radial headers of the radial data blocks of N+1 stream data in ascending order, the radial header blocks and radial data blocks corresponding to each elevation angle are written into the base data based on the virtual volume scanning technology.

[0019] Furthermore, the S3 includes the steps of:

[0020] The S-band weather radar basic data were parsed and the radar site parameters of the S-band weather radar were extracted according to 11 elevation layers, 360 azimuth layers, and 920 range libraries. Finally, the radar site parameters of 9 elevation angles of 0.5°, 1.5°, 2.4°, 3.4°, 4.3°, 6.6°, 9.9°, 14.6°, and 19.5° were retained.

[0021] The X-band weather radar basic data were parsed, and the radar site parameters of the X-band weather radar were extracted according to 11 elevation angle layers, 360 azimuth angle layers, and 1000 distance libraries. Finally, the radar site parameters of 9 elevation angles of 0.5°, 1.5°, 2.4°, 3.4°, 4.3°, 6.6°, 9.9°, 14.6°, and 19.5° were retained.

[0022] Furthermore, the S4 comprises the steps of:

[0023] Read the radar site parameters of 9 elevation angles of the S band and the radar site parameters of 9 elevation angles of the X band, add or subtract 2.3° from the latitude and longitude values ​​of the S band radar site as the latitude and longitude grid range of the radar reflectivity factor, add or subtract 0.7° from the latitude and longitude values ​​of the X band radar site as the latitude and longitude grid range of the radar reflectivity factor, and set the grid resolution to 0.0025°×0.0025°. Set 17 levels of height in the vertical direction, with a height range of 0-12km, and vertical heights below 5km. The vertical resolution is 0.5 km, and the vertical resolution of 5-12 km is 1 km. The altitude grids are 0.5 km, 1.0 km, 1.5 km, 2.0 km, 2.5 km, 3.0 km, 3.5 km, 4.0 km, 4.5 km, 5.0 km, 6.0 km, 7.0 km, 8.0 km, 9.0 km, 10.0 km, 11.0 km, and 12.0 km, forming a three-dimensional grid of the S band and a three-dimensional grid of the X band composed of longitude, latitude, and altitude;

[0024] Using the three-dimensional grid as the Cartesian coordinate, inversely calculate the elevation angle, azimuth angle, and range spherical coordinates of the radar site corresponding to the S band for each three-dimensional grid, which are recorded as (r, a, e), where r represents the range spherical coordinate corresponding to the S band, a represents the azimuth angle corresponding to the S band, and e represents the elevation angle corresponding to the S band; inversely calculate the elevation angle, azimuth angle, and range spherical coordinates of the radar site corresponding to the X band for each three-dimensional grid, which are recorded as (r′, a′, e′), where r′ represents the range spherical coordinate corresponding to the X band, a′ represents the azimuth angle corresponding to the X band, and e′ represents the elevation angle corresponding to the X band;

[0025] Calculate the reflectivity factor of each three-dimensional grid in the S band and generate the contour reflectivity factor data of the S band. Calculate the reflectivity factor of each three-dimensional grid in the X band and generate the contour reflectivity factor data of the X band.

[0026] Furthermore, the calculation formula for inversely calculating the elevation angle, azimuth angle, and range spherical coordinates of each three-dimensional grid corresponding to the S-band radar site is:

[0027]

[0028] where lon c ,lat c is the latitude and longitude of the S-band radar site, lon and lat are the latitude and longitude of any grid cell in the S-band Cartesian three-dimensional grid, and A is calculated as follows:

[0029]

[0030] The calculation formula of S is:

[0031] S=cos -1 (sin(lat c )×sin(lat)+cos(lat c )×cos(lat)×cos(lon-lon c ))

[0032]

[0033] where h c is the height of the S-band radar, and h is the height of any grid cell in the S-band Cartesian three-dimensional grid;

[0034] The slope distance r is calculated as follows:

[0035]

[0036] The calculation formula for inversely calculating the elevation angle, azimuth angle, and range spherical coordinates of each three-dimensional grid corresponding to the X-band radar site is:

[0037]

[0038] where lon′ c , lat′ c is the latitude and longitude of the X-band radar site, lon′, lat′ are the latitude and longitude of any grid cell in the X-band Cartesian three-dimensional grid, and A′ is calculated as:

[0039]

[0040] The calculation formula of S′ is:

[0041] S′=cos -1 (sin(lat′ c )×sin(lat′)+cos(lat′ c )×cos(lat′)×cos(lon′-lon′ c ))

[0042]

[0043] where h′ c is the height of the radar, h′ is the height of any grid cell in the Cartesian three-dimensional grid;

[0044] The slope distance r′ is calculated as follows:

[0045]

[0046] Furthermore, the calculation formula for calculating the reflectivity factor of each three-dimensional grid in the S band is:

[0047]

[0048] Where f(r,a,e) is the reflectivity factor of the coordinate (r,a,e), e1 and e2 are the upper and lower elevation angles closest to the elevation angle e, and f(r,a,e1) and f(r,a,e2) are the reflectivity factor values ​​corresponding to the upper and lower elevation angles closest to the azimuth a and distance r, respectively.

[0049] The calculation formula for calculating the reflectivity factor of each three-dimensional grid in the X band is:

[0050]

[0051] Where f(r′,a′,e′) is the reflectivity factor of the coordinate (r′,a′,e′), e′1 and e′2 are the upper and lower elevation angles closest to the elevation angle e′, and f(r′,a′,e′1) and f(r′,a′,e′2) are the reflectivity factor values ​​corresponding to the upper and lower elevation angles closest to the azimuth a′ and distance r′, respectively.

[0052] Furthermore, the S5 comprises the steps of:

[0053] For the areas covered by the S-band weather radar and those not covered by the X-band weather radar, the S-band weather radar detection reflectivity factor is used as the reflectivity factor value after networking;

[0054] For areas not covered by S-band weather radar detection and areas covered by X-band weather radar detection, the X-band weather radar detection reflectivity factor is used as the reflectivity factor value after networking;

[0055] For areas not covered by both S-band weather radar and X-band weather radar, there is no reflectivity factor value after networking;

[0056] For areas covered by both S-band weather radar and X-band weather radar, the larger reflectivity factor of the two is used as the reflectivity factor value after networking.

[0057] Furthermore, N=10.

[0058] According to another aspect of the present invention, a multi-band weather radar reflectivity factor networking device is provided, comprising:

[0059] Data acquisition module, used to obtain S-band weather radar stream data with a time resolution of 1 minute and X-band weather radar base data with a time resolution of 3 minutes;

[0060] The base data construction module is used to match the stream data closest to the current time in the S-band weather radar stream data, and use the stream data closest to the current time as the end stream data, match N stream data forward, N is a preset number, and construct the S-band weather radar base data with a time resolution of 1 minute according to the weather radar base data standard format from the matched N+1 stream data;

[0061] The radar site parameter extraction module is used to parse the reconstructed S-band weather radar base data and X-band weather radar base data, and extract the radar site parameters of the nine elevation angles of the S-band weather radar and the radar site parameters of the nine elevation angles of the X-band weather radar respectively. Each set of radar site parameters includes the radar site longitude, radar site latitude, azimuth, distance library, and reflectivity factor;

[0062] A contour surface reflectivity factor data generation module is used to generate the contour surface reflectivity factor data of the S band according to the radar site parameters of the 9 elevation angles of the S band, and to generate the contour surface reflectivity factor data of the X band according to the radar site parameters of the 9 elevation angles of the X band;

[0063] The fusion networking module is used to fuse and network the S-band contour surface reflectivity factor data and the X-band contour surface reflectivity factor data.

[0064] Further, the radar station parameter extraction module comprises radar station parameter extraction sub-modules distributed in each radar single station in a distributed manner, and the radar station parameter extraction sub-module on each radar single station is used for sequentially extracting radar station parameters of 9 elevation angles, and after extracting the radar station parameters of a single elevation angle, the radar station parameters of the next elevation angle are extracted at the same time, and the saving processing of the radar station parameters of the single elevation angle is performed;

[0065] The isohypse reflectivity factor data generation module comprises isohypse reflectivity factor data generation sub-modules distributed in each radar single station in a distributed manner, and the isohypse reflectivity factor data generation sub-module on each radar single station is used for sequentially generating isohypse reflectivity factor data of each height, and after extracting the isohypse reflectivity factor data of a single height, the isohypse reflectivity factor data of the next height are extracted at the same time, and the saving processing of the isohypse reflectivity factor data of the single height is performed.

[0066] Overall, the above technical solutions conceived by the present application have beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0067] (1) The original reflectivity factor fusion product with a time resolution of every 6 minutes can be improved to a time resolution of every 1 minute.

[0068] (2) The base data participating in fusion can be automatically and quickly matched, and the reflectivity factor fusion product can be automatically generated, so that the user can quickly check in real time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0069] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a multi-band weather radar reflectivity factor networking method of an embodiment of the present application;

[0070] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of radar station parameter extraction of a multi-band weather radar reflectivity factor networking device of an embodiment of the present application;

[0071] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of isohypse reflectivity factor data generation of a multi-band weather radar reflectivity factor networking device of an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0072] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and do not limit the present application. In addition, the technical features involved in each embodiment of the present application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0073] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. "Multiple" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0074] Unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0075] The terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the embodiments of the present invention are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, apparatus, product or device comprising a series of steps or modules is not necessarily limited to those steps or modules explicitly listed, but may include other steps or modules not explicitly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0076] The naming or numbering of the steps in the embodiments of the present invention does not mean that the steps in the method flow must be executed in the time / logical sequence indicated by the naming or numbering. The execution order of the named or numbered process steps can be changed according to the technical purpose to be achieved, as long as the same or similar technical effects can be achieved.

[0077] References herein to "embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute a separate or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0078] The embodiments of the present invention provide a multi-band weather radar reflectivity factor networking method and system, which are described below.

[0079] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-band weather radar reflectivity factor networking method, including the steps of:

[0080] S1, acquires S-band weather radar streaming data with a time resolution of 1 minute and X-band weather radar base data with a time resolution of 3 minutes.

[0081] S2, matches the stream data closest to the current time in the S-band weather radar stream data, and uses the stream data closest to the current time as the end stream data, matches N stream data forward, N is a preset number, and constructs the S-band weather radar base data with the matched N+1 stream data according to the standard format of weather radar base data.

[0082] The standard format for weather radar base data is a standard data format developed to solve the problem of diversity and inconsistency in meteorological data formats.

[0083] Furthermore, S2 includes the following sub-steps:

[0084] Step 2.1 matches the S-band weather radar stream data with the stream data closest to the current time.

[0085] Specifically, monitor the radar station stream data folder, read the current time, sort the files according to their modification dates, and match the stream data closest to the current time. The stream data file name naming rules are as follows:

[0086] Z_RADA_I_{IIii}i_{YYYYMMDDhhmmss}_O_DOR-CUT_SAD_CAP_{elevation angle}_{serial number}_FMT.bin.bz2. The {} represent variables in the naming rules, and the definitions are as follows:

[0087] Z_RADAR_I: unified prefix for radar stream data, Z is a fixed code indicating service data; RADA is a fixed code indicating radar data; I is a fixed code indicating that the following IIiii fields are the radar station number;

[0088] IIIiii: indicates the radar zone station number, such as Z9270;

[0089] YYYYMMDDhhmmss: Universal time, scan start time, in the format of "year month day hour minute second";

[0090] O: fixed code, indicating basic data;

[0091] DOR-CUT: fixed code, indicating Doppler radar stream data;

[0092] SAD: radar model, SAD means SA dual polarization radar;

[0093] Elevation: indicates the elevation angle, which can be 5, 15, 25, 34, 43, 60, 99, 146, 195;

[0094] Serial number: indicates the elevation layer number, which are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11;

[0095] FMT: fixed code, indicating data in a standard format;

[0096] bin: indicates that the file format is binary data;

[0097] bz2: Optional field, indicating the file is compressed using bzip2.

[0098] Step 2.2 takes the stream data closest to the current time as the end stream data and matches N stream data forward, where N is a preset number.

[0099] In one embodiment, N is 10, that is, the latest stream data is used as the end stream data, and 10 stream data are matched forward, and these 11 stream data are combined into a stream data combination based on the virtual volume scanning technology;

[0100] For example, if the current time is 11:00 on July 1, 2024, the file name closest to the current time in the radar station stream data folder is:

[0101] "Z_RADR_I_Z9710_20240626030018_O_DOR-CUT_SAD_CAP_5_1_FMT.bin.bz2"

[0102] The time in the file name is Universal Time.

[0103] Then match 10 stream data, the file names are:

[0104] "Z_RADR_I_Z9710_20240626025441_O_DOR-CUT_SAD_CAP_5_2_FMT.bin.bz2"

[0105] "Z_RADR_I_Z9710_20240626025441_O_DOR-CUT_SAD_CAP_15_3_FMT.bin.bz2"

[0106] "Z_RADR_I_Z9710_20240626025441_O_DOR-CUT_SAD_CAP_24_5_FMT.bin.bz2"

[0107] "Z_RADR_I_Z9710_20240626025441_O_DOR-CUT_SAD_CAP_34_6_FMT.bin.bz2"

[0108] "Z_RADR_I_Z9710_20240626025441_O_DOR-CUT_SAD_CAP_43_7_FMT.bin.bz2"

[0109] "Z_RADR_I_Z9710_20240626025441_O_DOR-CUT_SAD_CAP_60_8_FMT.bin.bz2"

[0110] "Z_RADR_I_Z9710_20240626025441_O_DOR-CUT_SAD_CAP_99_9_FMT.bin.bz2"

[0111] "Z_RADR_I_Z9710_20240626025441_O_DOR-CUT_SAD_CAP_146_10_FMT.bin.bz2"

[0112] "Z_RADR_I_Z9710_20240626025441_O_DOR-CUT_SAD_CAP_195_11_FMT.bin.bz2"

[0113] Step 2.3 constructs the S-band weather radar base data from the matched N+1 stream data according to the standard format of weather radar base data.

[0114] The data structure of the base data is shown in Table 1.

[0115] Table 1 Weather radar binary base data structure

[0116]

[0117]

[0118] The common data blocks of the stream data and the base data are the same, except that the stream data has only one radial data block, while the base data has M radial data blocks.

[0119] Furthermore, taking N=10 as an example, S203 includes the following sub-steps:

[0120] (1) Batch read the above 11 binary weather radar stream data.

[0121] (2) Parse the common data blocks in the stream data. The common data blocks include a general header (32 bytes); site configuration (128 bytes); task configuration (256) bytes; and scan configuration (P*256 bytes).

[0122] (3) Parse the radial data blocks in the stream data. Each radial data block contains a radial header (64 bytes), K radial data headers (32×K bytes), and K radial data (1×K bytes).

[0123] (4) Generate initialized virtual volume scanning technology base data with a standard format. Write the common data blocks in the stream data read in step (2) including the common header (32 bytes); site configuration (128 bytes); task configuration (256) bytes; and scan configuration (P * 256 bytes) into the virtual volume scanning technology base data in binary format. The common data blocks of the 11 stream data are the same, and any one of them can be selected and written.

[0124] (5) Rewrite the scan start time in the task configuration module in the base data based on the virtual volume scanning technology in step (4) to the earliest time in the stream data combination based on the virtual volume scanning technology. In other words, replace the "scan start time in the initialization base data" with the "earliest time in the stream data combination based on the virtual volume scanning technology."

[0125] In the example above, among the 10 matching streams, except for the first one, "20240626030018," the time of the following 10 data points is "20240626025441." "20240626030018" is later than "20240626025441," so the earliest time is "20240626025441." Therefore, the earliest time "20240626025441" is used to replace the "scan start time in the initialization base data."

[0126] (6) After sorting the elevation angle numbers in the radial header blocks of the 11 radial data blocks of the stream data read in step (3) in ascending order, the radial header blocks and radial data blocks corresponding to each elevation angle are written into the base data based on the virtual volume scanning technology in step (4).

[0127] Each time the current time is updated, steps 2.1-2.3 need to be repeated. The time resolution is 1 minute, that is, steps 2.1-2.3 need to be repeated every one minute to construct the S-band weather radar base data with a time resolution of 1 minute.

[0128] S3, parse the S-band weather radar base data and the X-band weather radar base data, and extract the radar site parameters of the nine elevation angles of the S-band weather radar and the radar site parameters of the nine elevation angles of the X-band weather radar, respectively. Each set of radar site parameters includes the radar site longitude, radar site latitude, azimuth, distance library, and reflectivity factor.

[0129] The specific method for analyzing S-band weather radar basic data and X-band weather radar basic data based on virtual volume scanning technology includes the following steps:

[0130] Step 3.1 monitors the S-band weather radar base data folder and the X-band weather radar base data folder based on the virtual volume scanning technology.

[0131] Step 3.2 Sort the base data under the S / X band monitoring folder by update time, select the latest base data for analysis, and write the parsed file into the log. This is because the program is running in real time, so every time a data is updated, the new base data needs to be parsed. At the same time, the processed base data needs to be written into the log to avoid repeated processing of the processed base data during the running process, which occupies the time.

[0132] Step 3.3 Under the S / X band monitoring folder, compare the current time with the previous ten base data and the parsed records in the log. If the previous ten base data have been parsed, they will not be parsed again. If the previous ten base data contain unparsed data, the unparsed base data still needs to be parsed. This is because sometimes due to various reasons (such as network problems), data uploading may be delayed, and many data may not be uploaded. At a certain moment, a large amount of data will be uploaded, which cannot be processed at that time, and will occupy the time. Therefore, by comparing the log file, the latest uploaded 10 base data are selected for processing.

[0133] Step 3.4 The base data parsing follows the following rules: using Python programming language and its third-party libraries Pycwr and Pycinrad, the values corresponding to radar site longitude, radar site latitude, elevation angle, azimuth angle, distance library, and reflectivity factor byte in the base data are extracted. However, the size of the azimuth angle and distance library of each layer of elevation angle is not fixed, so it needs to be regularized. After regularization, the size of the S-band radar elevation angle, azimuth angle, and distance library is fixed as 11*360*920 array; after regularization, the size of the X-band radar elevation angle, azimuth angle, and distance library is fixed as 11*360*1000 array.

[0134] Step 3.5 Due to the radar volume scanning strategy, only the reflectivity factor data of the 9 elevation angles in step 2.4 are retained for CAPPI processing, which are 0.5°, 1.5°, 2.4°, 3.4°, 4.3°, 6.6°, 9.9°, 14.6°, 19.5°, and the corresponding elevation angle numbers are 1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11. The radar site longitude, radar site latitude, azimuth angle, distance library, and reflectivity factor of the 9 elevation angles are stored in the specified folder in NC file format. NC file refers to Network Common Data Format, also known as NetCDF file, which is mainly used for storage of meteorological data.

[0135] S4, according to the radar site parameters of the 9 elevation angles of S-band, generate the S-band isosurface reflectivity factor data, and according to the radar site parameters of the 9 elevation angles of X-band, generate the X-band isosurface reflectivity factor data.

[0136] Step 4.1 Monitor the nine elevation reflectivity factor NC folders, read the nine elevation reflectivity factor NC files, extract the radar site longitude, radar site latitude, azimuth, distance library, and reflectivity factor, and use the longitude and latitude values ​​of the S-band radar site plus or minus 2.3° as the longitude and latitude grid range of the radar reflectivity factor. Use the longitude and latitude values ​​of the X-band radar site plus or minus 0.7° as the longitude and latitude grid range of the radar reflectivity factor. The grid resolution is set to 0.0025° × 0.0025°, approximately 250m × 250m. A total of 17 height levels are set in the vertical direction, with a height range of 0-12 km. The vertical resolution below 5 km is 0.5 km, and the vertical resolution between 5 and 12 km is 1 km. That is, the height grids are (0.5 km, 1.0 km, 1.5 km, 2.0 km, 2.5 km, 3.0 km, 3.5 km, 4.0 km, 4.5 km, 5.0 km, 6.0 km, 7.0 km, 8.0 km, 9.0 km, 10.0 km, 11.0 km, 12.0 km), forming a three-dimensional grid of the S band and a three-dimensional grid of the X band composed of longitude, latitude, and height;

[0137] Step 3.2: Using the 3D grid as the Cartesian coordinate, inversely calculate the elevation, azimuth, and range spherical coordinates of the S-band radar site for each 3D grid, denoted as (r, a, e), where r represents the range spherical coordinate corresponding to the S-band, a represents the azimuth corresponding to the S-band, and e represents the elevation corresponding to the S-band. Inversely calculate the elevation, azimuth, and range spherical coordinates of the X-band radar site for each 3D grid, denoted as (r′, a′, e′), where r′ represents the range spherical coordinate corresponding to the X-band, a′ represents the azimuth corresponding to the X-band, and e′ represents the elevation corresponding to the X-band.

[0138] The azimuth angle a is calculated as follows:

[0139]

[0140] where lon c ,lat c is the latitude and longitude of the S-band radar site, lon and lat are the latitude and longitude of any grid cell in the Cartesian three-dimensional grid, and A is calculated as follows:

[0141]

[0142] The calculation method of S is as follows:

[0143] S=cos -1 (sin(lat c )×sin(lat)+cos(lat c )×cos(lat)×cos(lon-lon c ))

[0144] The elevation angle e is calculated as follows:

[0145]

[0146] where h c is the height of the S-band radar, and h is the height of any grid cell in the Cartesian three-dimensional grid.

[0147] The slope distance r is calculated as follows:

[0148]

[0149] The azimuth angle a′ is calculated as follows:

[0150]

[0151] where lon′ c , lat′ c is the latitude and longitude of the X-band radar site, lon′, lat′ are the latitude and longitude of any grid cell in the Cartesian three-dimensional grid, and A′ is calculated as:

[0152]

[0153] The calculation formula of S′ is:

[0154] S′=cos -1 (sin(lat′ c )×sin(lat′)+cos(lat′ c )×cos(lat′)×cos(lon′-lon′ c ))

[0155]

[0156] where h′ c is the height of the X-band radar, and h′ is the height of any grid cell in the Cartesian three-dimensional grid.

[0157] The slope distance r′ is calculated as follows:

[0158]

[0159] Step 3.3 Calculate the reflectivity factor of each three-dimensional grid in the S band and generate the contour reflectivity factor data of the S band. Calculate the reflectivity factor of each three-dimensional grid in the X band and generate the contour reflectivity factor data of the X band:

[0160]

[0161] Where e is the elevation angle on the Cartesian coordinate grid point, e1 and e2 are the upper and lower elevation angles closest to the elevation angle e, and f(r,a,e1) and f(r,a,e2) are the reflectivity factor values ​​corresponding to the upper and lower elevation angles closest to the azimuth a and distance r, respectively.

[0162] The formula for calculating the reflectivity factor of each three-dimensional grid in the X band is:

[0163]

[0164] Where f(r′,a′,e′) is the reflectivity factor of the coordinate (r′,a′,e′), e′1 and e′2 are the upper and lower elevation angles closest to the elevation angle e′, and f(r′,a′,e′1) and f(r′,a′,e′2) are the reflectivity factor values ​​corresponding to the upper and lower elevation angles closest to the azimuth a′ and distance r′, respectively.

[0165] According to the above method, CAPPI products are generated for each radar in real time, and the longitude, latitude, altitude and reflectivity factor are written into the NC file in the specified folder for subsequent puzzle calls.

[0166] S5, the S-band contour surface reflectivity factor data and the X-band contour surface reflectivity factor data are integrated and networked.

[0167] Step 5.1: Monitor the NC folder of each radar's CAPPI product, and select the CAPPI NC file closest to the current time every 1 minute to input it into the puzzle algorithm;

[0168] Step 5.2: Fusion of all radar and other high reflectivity factor products follows the following four principles:

[0169] For the areas covered by the S-band weather radar and those not covered by the X-band weather radar, the S-band weather radar detection reflectivity factor is used as the reflectivity factor value after networking;

[0170] For areas not covered by S-band weather radar detection and areas covered by X-band weather radar detection, the X-band weather radar detection reflectivity factor is used as the reflectivity factor value after networking;

[0171] For areas not covered by both S-band weather radar and X-band weather radar, there is no reflectivity factor value after networking;

[0172] For areas covered by both S-band weather radar and X-band weather radar, the maximum value method is used to determine the network reflectivity factor value, that is, the larger reflectivity factor of the two is used as the reflectivity factor value after networking.

[0173] A multi-band weather radar reflectivity factor networking device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0174] Data acquisition module, used to obtain S-band weather radar stream data with a time resolution of 1 minute and X-band weather radar base data with a time resolution of 3 minutes;

[0175] The base data construction module is used to match the stream data closest to the current time in the S-band weather radar stream data, and use the stream data closest to the current time as the end stream data, match N stream data forward, N is a preset number, and construct the S-band weather radar base data with a time resolution of 1 minute according to the weather radar base data standard format from the matched N+1 stream data;

[0176] The radar site parameter extraction module is used to parse the S-band weather radar base data and the X-band weather radar base data, and extract the radar site parameters of the nine elevation angles of the S-band weather radar and the radar site parameters of the nine elevation angles of the X-band weather radar respectively. Each set of radar site parameters includes the radar site longitude, radar site latitude, azimuth, distance library, and reflectivity factor;

[0177] A contour surface reflectivity factor data generation module is used to generate the contour surface reflectivity factor data of the S band according to the radar site parameters of the 9 elevation angles of the S band, and to generate the contour surface reflectivity factor data of the X band according to the radar site parameters of the 9 elevation angles of the X band;

[0178] The fusion networking module is used to fuse and network the S-band contour surface reflectivity factor data and the X-band contour surface reflectivity factor data.

[0179] Furthermore, the radar site parameter extraction module includes a radar site parameter extraction submodule distributed on each radar station, and the radar site parameter extraction submodule on each radar station is used to sequentially extract radar site parameters of 9 elevation angles, and after extracting the radar site parameters of a single elevation angle, while extracting the radar site parameters of the next elevation angle, the radar site parameters of the single elevation angle are saved;

[0180] The contour surface reflectivity factor data generation module includes a contour surface reflectivity factor data generation sub-module distributed on each radar station. The contour surface reflectivity factor data generation sub-module on each radar station is used to generate the contour surface reflectivity factor data of each height in sequence, and after extracting the contour surface reflectivity factor data of a single height, the contour surface reflectivity factor data of the next height is extracted, and the contour surface reflectivity factor data of the single height is saved.

[0181] The implementation principle and technical effect of the multi-band weather radar reflectivity factor networking device are the same as the above-mentioned multi-band weather radar reflectivity factor networking method, and will not be repeated here.

[0182] Specifically, the working diagram of the multi-band weather radar reflectivity factor networking device is as follows: Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown.

[0183] When generating single-station radar CAPPI products, the data of a single radar station must be executed on one CPU core (within one process). Therefore, the smallest parallel execution unit designed is the radar station. The data of a single radar station starts one process and occupies one CPU core.

[0184] like Figure 2 As shown, the internal data of a single radar station has multiple elevation angles. The data between the elevation angles are logically related, but the data of each elevation angle can be calculated logically independently. The generated regularized single-station elevation reflectivity factor data must be written as an NC format file. File reading and writing is a slow IO process, so the processing of the single-station elevation reflectivity factor data and the saving of its NC file are designed to be executed concurrently as a coroutine to fully utilize CPU resources to speed up the processing process.

[0185] like Figure 3 As shown in the figure, after the radar data of a single station is parsed, a coroutine is started after the calculation of each elevation angle data is completed to save the NC file of the elevation angle data. The IO operation is a time-consuming and slow waiting operation. During this waiting process for IO, the CPU can continue to process the next elevation angle data. Similarly, the total processing time of the single station data is almost the same as the saving time of all elevation angle NC files, and the time taken for data processing is almost negligible. Based on the above conclusions, the data of multiple radar stations are designed to be executed in parallel using multiple processes on multiple CPUs. Then the overall time consumption is the parallel saving time of all elevation angle data NC files of all radar stations (the bottleneck is in the storage system), and the time consumption of the calculation process is reduced to a minimum.

[0186] It will be easily understood by those skilled in the art that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-band weather radar reflectivity factor networking method, characterized in that: Including steps: S1, acquires S-band weather radar stream data with a time resolution of 1 minute and X-band weather radar base data with a time resolution of 3 minutes; S2: Match the stream data closest to the current time in the S-band weather radar stream data, and use the stream data closest to the current time as the end stream data, match N stream data forward, N is a preset number, and construct the S-band weather radar base data with a time resolution of 1 minute according to the standard format of weather radar base data from the matched N+1 stream data; S3, parse the reconstructed S-band weather radar base data and X-band weather radar base data, extract the radar site parameters of the S-band weather radar at 9 elevation angles and the radar site parameters of the X-band weather radar at 9 elevation angles, respectively. Each set of radar site parameters includes the radar site longitude, radar site latitude, azimuth, distance library, and reflectivity factor; S4, generates the S-band contour reflectivity factor data based on the radar site parameters at 9 elevation angles of the S-band, and generates the X-band contour reflectivity factor data based on the radar site parameters at 9 elevation angles of the X-band; S5, fusing and networking the S-band contour surface reflectivity factor data and the X-band contour surface reflectivity factor data; The S4 comprises the steps of: Read the radar site parameters of 9 elevation angles of the S band and the radar site parameters of 9 elevation angles of the X band, add or subtract 2.3° from the latitude and longitude values ​​of the S band radar site as the latitude and longitude grid range of the radar reflectivity factor, add or subtract 0.7° from the latitude and longitude values ​​of the X band radar site as the latitude and longitude grid range of the radar reflectivity factor, and set the grid resolution to 0.0025°×0.0025°. Set 17 levels of height in the vertical direction, with a height range of 0-12km, and vertical heights below 5km. The vertical resolution is 0.5 km, and the vertical resolution of 5-12 km is 1 km. The altitude grids are 0.5 km, 1.0 km, 1.5 km, 2.0 km, 2.5 km, 3.0 km, 3.5 km, 4.0 km, 4.5 km, 5.0 km, 6.0 km, 7.0 km, 8.0 km, 9.0 km, 10.0 km, 11.0 km, and 12.0 km, forming a three-dimensional grid of the S band and a three-dimensional grid of the X band composed of longitude, latitude, and altitude; Using the three-dimensional grid as the Cartesian coordinate, inversely calculate the elevation angle, azimuth angle, and range spherical coordinates of the radar site corresponding to the S band for each three-dimensional grid, which are recorded as (r, a, e), where r represents the range spherical coordinate corresponding to the S band, a represents the azimuth angle corresponding to the S band, and e represents the elevation angle corresponding to the S band; inversely calculate the elevation angle, azimuth angle, and range spherical coordinates of the radar site corresponding to the X band for each three-dimensional grid, which are recorded as (r′, a′, e′), where r′ represents the range spherical coordinate corresponding to the X band, a′ represents the azimuth angle corresponding to the X band, and e′ represents the elevation angle corresponding to the X band; Calculate the reflectivity factor of each three-dimensional grid in the S band and generate the contour reflectivity factor data of the S band; calculate the reflectivity factor of each three-dimensional grid in the X band and generate the contour reflectivity factor data of the X band; The calculation formula for calculating the reflectivity factor of each three-dimensional grid in the S band is: Where f(r,a,e) is the reflectivity factor of the coordinate (r,a,e), e1 and e2 are the upper and lower elevation angles closest to the elevation angle e, and f(r,a,e1) and f(r,a,e2) are the reflectivity factor values ​​corresponding to the upper and lower elevation angles closest to the azimuth a and distance r, respectively. The calculation formula for calculating the reflectivity factor of each three-dimensional grid in the X band is: Where f(r′,a′,e′) is the reflectivity factor of the coordinate (r′,a′,e′), e′1 and e′2 are the upper and lower elevation angles closest to the elevation angle e′, and f(r′,a′,e′1) and f(r′,a′,e′2) are the reflectivity factor values ​​corresponding to the upper and lower elevation angles closest to the azimuth a′ and distance r′, respectively.

2. A multi-band weather radar reflectivity factor networking method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of constructing S-band weather radar base data with a time resolution of 1 minute by using the matched N+1 stream data in a standard format of weather radar base data includes the following steps: Get the matching N+1 stream data; Parse the common data blocks of N+1 stream data, which include common header data, site configuration data, task configuration data, and scan configuration data; Parse the radial data blocks of N+1 stream data, where the radial data blocks include radial headers and radial data. Generate base data based on virtual volume scanning technology, and write the common data blocks of N+1 stream data into the base data of virtual volume scanning technology in binary format; Rewrite the scan start time in the task configuration module in the base data based on the virtual body scanning technology. The start time is based on the earliest time in the stream data combination based on the virtual body scanning technology. After sorting the elevation angle numbers in the radial headers of the radial data blocks of N+1 stream data in ascending order, the radial header blocks and radial data blocks corresponding to each elevation angle are written into the base data based on the virtual volume scanning technology.

3. The multi-band weather radar reflectivity factor networking method according to claim 1, wherein: The S3 comprises the steps of: The S-band weather radar basic data were parsed and the radar site parameters of the S-band weather radar were extracted according to 11 elevation layers, 360 azimuth layers, and 920 range libraries. Finally, the radar site parameters of 9 elevation angles of 0.5°, 1.5°, 2.4°, 3.4°, 4.3°, 6.6°, 9.9°, 14.6°, and 19.5° were retained. The X-band weather radar basic data were parsed, and the radar site parameters of the X-band weather radar were extracted according to 11 elevation angle layers, 360 azimuth angle layers, and 1000 distance libraries. Finally, the radar site parameters of 9 elevation angles of 0.5°, 1.5°, 2.4°, 3.4°, 4.3°, 6.6°, 9.9°, 14.6°, and 19.5° were retained.

4. The multi-band weather radar reflectivity factor networking method according to claim 1, wherein: The calculation formula for inversely calculating the elevation angle, azimuth angle, and range spherical coordinates of each three-dimensional grid corresponding to the S-band radar site is: where lon c ,lat c is the latitude and longitude of the S-band radar site, lon and lat are the latitude and longitude of any grid cell in the S-band Cartesian three-dimensional grid, and A is calculated as follows: The calculation formula of S is: S=cos -1 (sin(lat c )×sin(lat)+cos(lat c )×cos(lat)×cos(lon -lon c )) where h c is the height of the S-band radar, and h is the height of any grid cell in the S-band Cartesian three-dimensional grid; The slope distance r is calculated as follows: The calculation formula for inversely calculating the elevation angle, azimuth angle, and range spherical coordinates of each three-dimensional grid corresponding to the X-band radar site is: where lon′ c , lat′ c is the latitude and longitude of the X-band radar site, lon′, lat′ are the latitude and longitude of any grid cell in the X-band Cartesian three-dimensional grid, and A′ is calculated as: The calculation formula of S′ is: S′=cos -1 (sin(lat′ c )×sin(lat′)+cos(lat′ c )×cos(lat′)×cos(lon′ -lon′ c )) where h′ c is the height of the radar, h′ is the height of any grid cell in the Cartesian three-dimensional grid; The slope distance r′ is calculated as follows:

5. The multi-band weather radar reflectivity factor networking method according to claim 1, wherein: The S5 comprises the steps of: For the areas covered by the S-band weather radar and those not covered by the X-band weather radar, the S-band weather radar detection reflectivity factor is used as the reflectivity factor value after networking; For areas not covered by S-band weather radar detection and areas covered by X-band weather radar detection, the X-band weather radar detection reflectivity factor is used as the reflectivity factor value after networking; For areas not covered by both S-band weather radar and X-band weather radar, there is no reflectivity factor value after networking; For areas covered by both S-band weather radar and X-band weather radar, the larger reflectivity factor of the two is used as the reflectivity factor value after networking.

6. A multi-band weather radar reflectivity factor networking method according to claim 1, characterized in that: N＝10。 7. A multi-band weather radar reflectivity factor networking device, characterized in that: include: Data acquisition module, used to obtain S-band weather radar stream data with a time resolution of 1 minute and X-band weather radar base data with a time resolution of 3 minutes; The base data construction module is used to match the stream data closest to the current time in the S-band weather radar stream data, and use the stream data closest to the current time as the end stream data, match N stream data forward, N is a preset number, and construct the S-band weather radar base data with a time resolution of 1 minute according to the weather radar base data standard format from the matched N+1 stream data; The radar site parameter extraction module is used to parse the reconstructed S-band weather radar base data and X-band weather radar base data, and extract the radar site parameters of the nine elevation angles of the S-band weather radar and the radar site parameters of the nine elevation angles of the X-band weather radar respectively. Each set of radar site parameters includes the radar site longitude, radar site latitude, azimuth, distance library, and reflectivity factor; A contour surface reflectivity factor data generation module is used to generate the contour surface reflectivity factor data of the S band according to the radar site parameters of the 9 elevation angles of the S band, and to generate the contour surface reflectivity factor data of the X band according to the radar site parameters of the 9 elevation angles of the X band; Fusion networking module, used to fuse and network the S-band contour surface reflectivity factor data and the X-band contour surface reflectivity factor data; The method of generating the S-band contour surface reflectivity factor data according to the radar site parameters at 9 elevation angles of the S-band and generating the X-band contour surface reflectivity factor data according to the radar site parameters at 9 elevation angles of the X-band comprises the following steps: Read the radar site parameters of 9 elevation angles of the S band and the radar site parameters of 9 elevation angles of the X band, add or subtract 2.3° from the latitude and longitude values ​​of the S band radar site as the latitude and longitude grid range of the radar reflectivity factor, add or subtract 0.7° from the latitude and longitude values ​​of the X band radar site as the latitude and longitude grid range of the radar reflectivity factor, and set the grid resolution to 0.0025°×0.0025°. Set 17 levels of height in the vertical direction, with a height range of 0-12km, and vertical heights below 5km. The vertical resolution is 0.5 km, and the vertical resolution of 5-12 km is 1 km. The altitude grids are 0.5 km, 1.0 km, 1.5 km, 2.0 km, 2.5 km, 3.0 km, 3.5 km, 4.0 km, 4.5 km, 5.0 km, 6.0 km, 7.0 km, 8.0 km, 9.0 km, 10.0 km, 11.0 km, and 12.0 km, forming a three-dimensional grid of the S band and a three-dimensional grid of the X band composed of longitude, latitude, and altitude; Using the three-dimensional grid as the Cartesian coordinate, inversely calculate the elevation angle, azimuth angle, and range spherical coordinates of the radar site corresponding to the S band for each three-dimensional grid, which are recorded as (r, a, e), where r represents the range spherical coordinate corresponding to the S band, a represents the azimuth angle corresponding to the S band, and e represents the elevation angle corresponding to the S band; inversely calculate the elevation angle, azimuth angle, and range spherical coordinates of the radar site corresponding to the X band for each three-dimensional grid, which are recorded as (r′, a′, e′), where r′ represents the range spherical coordinate corresponding to the X band, a′ represents the azimuth angle corresponding to the X band, and e′ represents the elevation angle corresponding to the X band; Calculate the reflectivity factor of each three-dimensional grid in the S band and generate the contour reflectivity factor data of the S band; calculate the reflectivity factor of each three-dimensional grid in the X band and generate the contour reflectivity factor data of the X band; The calculation formula for calculating the reflectivity factor of each three-dimensional grid in the S band is: Where f(r,a,e) is the reflectivity factor of the coordinate (r,a,e), e1 and e2 are the upper and lower elevation angles closest to the elevation angle e, and f(r,a,e1) and f(r,a,e2) are the reflectivity factor values ​​corresponding to the upper and lower elevation angles closest to the azimuth a and distance r, respectively. The calculation formula for calculating the reflectivity factor of each three-dimensional grid in the X band is: Where f(r′,a′,e′) is the reflectivity factor of the coordinate (r′,a′,e′), e′1 and e′2 are the upper and lower elevation angles closest to the elevation angle e′, and f(r′,a′,e′1) and f(r′,a′,e′2) are the reflectivity factor values ​​corresponding to the upper and lower elevation angles closest to the azimuth a′ and distance r′, respectively.

8. The multi-band weather radar reflectivity factor networking device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The radar site parameter extraction module includes a radar site parameter extraction submodule distributed on each radar station, and the radar site parameter extraction submodule on each radar station is used to extract radar site parameters of 9 elevation angles in sequence, and after extracting the radar site parameters of a single elevation angle, while extracting the radar site parameters of the next elevation angle, the radar site parameters of the single elevation angle are saved; The contour surface reflectivity factor data generation module includes a contour surface reflectivity factor data generation sub-module distributed on each radar station. The contour surface reflectivity factor data generation sub-module on each radar station is used to generate the contour surface reflectivity factor data of each height in sequence, and after extracting the contour surface reflectivity factor data of a single height, the contour surface reflectivity factor data of the next height is extracted, and the contour surface reflectivity factor data of the single height is saved.

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