Selenium-rich sparassis crispa cultivation process

Abstract

The invention discloses a selenium-rich sparassis crispa cultivation process. The process comprises the steps of culture medium preparation, sterilization and inoculation, mycelium culture of cultivated species, flower ball maintenance and harvesting. Wherein the formula for preparing the culture medium comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 76%-80% of sawdust, 8%-12% of flour, 8%-11% of corn flour, 1%-3% of sugar, 1%-2% of a calcium-containing compound and 1%-2% of Jinselenibao, all the raw materials are prepared according to the weight ratio of the formula of the culture medium, all the raw materials are poured into a stirrer, water is added, the raw materials are mixed and stirred uniformly, a culture material is prepared, and the water content of the culture material is controlled to be 60%-65%. The cultivation time of mycelium cultivation of the cultivated species is 50 + / -2 days, the mycelium is cultivated in a dark place, the appropriate temperature for mycelium growth is 24-26 DEG C, and the relative humidity of air is controlled to be 60%-65%. The cultivation method can cultivate selenium-enriched sparassis crispa, and the sparassis crispa is robust and attractive in mushroom body and good in storage resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of edible fungus cultivation, and in particular to a selenium-enriched hydrangea cultivation process. Background Art

[0002] Sparassiscrispa, also known as hydrangea mushroom, flower mushroom, dry mushroom, cabbage mushroom, honeycomb mushroom, etc., is a member of the order Hydrangeales, family Hydrangeaceae, and genus Sparassis. The fruiting body is medium to large, fleshy, with many branches from a thick stalk, and countless twisted petals at the end of the branches, which is named after its shape resembling a giant hydrangea.

[0003] Hydrangea is a precious edible and medicinal mushroom. It is not only delicious, but also has multiple nutritional and health functions. The β-glucan rich in Hydrangea has anti-tumor activity, immunomodulation, anti-inflammatory response, and promotes wound healing. In my country, Sun Pu et al. first reported the domestication and cultivation of Hydrangea in 1985. During the experiment, fruiting bodies were successfully obtained, proving that Hydrangea can be cultivated artificially. He Ronghua et al. reported the first successful cultivation of Hydrangea in China in 2006. Ding Huguang, Huang Jiancheng (2007), Lai Rihui, Jia Peipei, Lin Yanquan, Wang Zhongyan, Ruan Xiaodong, Yuan Linggang, Lu Hengqiong, Lei Ping, Diao Wentao (2017), Geng Yuan, Huang Xianhua, Yang Lili, Jing Bo) and others have successively explored the artificial cultivation methods of Hydrangea. The technical difficulties in the artificial cultivation of hydrangea include the difficulty in the occurrence of primordium, the easy death of primordium, unstable yield, low biological conversion rate, and a growth and development cycle of up to 100-120 days.

[0004] Chinese patent document CN117480992A discloses a new process for the factory cultivation of hydrangea, which includes primordium culture, mushroom bottle / bag production, primordium transplantation, and mushroom management. The invention adopts innovative specific culture medium and culture conditions to obtain a large number of primordia that can be used for transplantation and mushroom production, and adopts specific cultivation formula and conditions to obtain a culture with a certain amount of hyphae, and then transplants the primordium to the culture with hyphae, and performs mushroom production management after planting and cultivation. The invention method shortens the growth and development cycle of hydrangea to 65-70 days, and the primordium survival rate is high, which effectively solves the problems of difficulty in inducing primordium, hyphae climbing the wall, primordium formation on the bag wall, and primordium easily dying due to physical damage in traditional cultivation methods.

[0005] However, after searching, there is still no information on the cultivation of selenium-enriched hydrangea. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a selenium-enriched hydrangea cultivation process, which can cultivate selenium-enriched hydrangea with strong and beautiful mushroom bodies and good storage resistance.

[0007] The technical solutions adopted are: A selenium-enriched hydrangea cultivation process comprises the following steps: S1. Prepare the culture medium: The weight ratio of the culture medium is: sawdust 76%-80%, flour 8%-12%, corn flour 8%-11%, sugar 1%-3%, calcium compound 1%-2% and golden selenium treasure 1%-2%. After preparing various raw materials according to the weight ratio of the culture medium formula, pour the various raw materials into a blender, add water, mix and stir evenly to make a culture medium, and control the water content of the culture medium to 60%-65%; S2. Sterilization and inoculation: Place the container with culture medium directly into the pot for sterilization. When the temperature rises to 124-128℃ and the pressure reaches 0.1-0.2 MPa, keep warm for 2-3 hours, then stop heating. After the temperature and pressure drop, take out all of them and let them stand. After they drop to room temperature, pack them in bags and inoculate them. S3. Mycelium culture of cultivated species: The cultivation time of cultivated species is 50±2 days. Mycelium is cultured in the dark. The suitable temperature for mycelium growth is 24-26℃, and the relative humidity of the air is controlled at 60%-65%. Before the mycelium covers the surface, the room temperature is controlled at 25℃±1℃ to facilitate the germination and growth of the inoculated mushroom blocks. When the mycelium covers the surface, it will generate biological heat, making the temperature inside the bag 2-3℃ higher than the temperature outside the bag. After 50±2 days of mycelium culture, primordia appear. The primordia continue to grow with the development of the primordium block, and water droplets will be spit out on the surface, and convex tissue will appear, that is, the primordia enter the differentiation stage. When the primordia appear, they will be transferred to the fruiting room for management during the fruiting period. S4. Flower ball maintenance: When the primordium begins to form and differentiate, open the bag in time. It takes 20±1 days for the primordium to form and differentiate. After opening the bag, the temperature should be controlled at 16-20℃, the light should be 800-1200 lx, spray humidification, and the relative humidity of the air should be controlled at 90%-95%; S5. Harvesting: Stop spraying 12 hours before harvesting. When harvesting, pick out the mature fruiting bodies and cut them off from the base with a blade.

[0008] Furthermore, in S1, the formula of the culture medium is: 78% sawdust, 10% flour, 9% corn flour, 1% sugar, 1% calcium-containing compound and 1% golden selenium treasure.

[0009] Furthermore, in S1, the sugar is sucrose, brown sugar or glucose.

[0010] Furthermore, in S1, the calcium-containing compound is calcium carbonate and / or superphosphate.

[0011] Furthermore, in S1, the wood chips are pine wood chips.

[0012] Furthermore, in S2, when the temperature rises to 126°C and the pressure reaches 0.15 MPa, the temperature is kept at this temperature for 2 h.

[0013] Furthermore, in S4, an ultrasonic atomizer is used for spray humidification.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The harvested selenium-rich hydrangea leaves are unfolded, with wavy edges and white fluff on the back, and the mushroom body is strong and beautiful.

[0015] The harvested selenium-rich hydrangea can be sold directly on the market. The fresh product has good storage resistance and can be kept fresh for 15 days at a temperature of 3-5℃.

[0016] The selenium content of the harvested selenium-rich hydrangea is 0.2-0.4 mg per kilogram, of which 90%-95% is organic selenium absorbed by the human body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention is described in detail below through specific examples, but the use and purpose of these exemplary implementation modes are only used to illustrate the present invention, and do not constitute any form of limitation on the actual protection scope of the present invention, nor limit the protection scope of the present invention to them. Example 1

[0018] A selenium-enriched hydrangea cultivation process comprises the following steps: S1. Prepare culture medium: The formula of culture medium is as follows by weight: 78% pine sawdust, 10% flour, 9% corn flour, 1% sucrose, 1% calcium carbonate and 1% golden selenium treasure. After preparing various raw materials according to the weight ratio of culture medium formula, pour all raw materials into blender, add water to mix and stir evenly to make culture medium. The water content of culture medium is controlled at 60%-65%.

[0019] Among them, Jinsebao is a commercially available product that can be purchased commercially. For example, a commercially available Jinsebao product box contains 100 micrograms of organic selenium per bag, 1g per bag, and 90 bags per box, which can be used as a raw material for culture medium.

[0020] S2. Sterilization and inoculation: Place the container bottles filled with culture medium directly into the pot for sterilization. When the temperature rises to 126°C and the pressure reaches 0.15 MPa, keep warm for 2 hours, then stop heating. After the temperature and pressure drop, take out all of them and let them stand. After they drop to room temperature, pack them into bags and inoculate them.

[0021] The culture medium must be placed in the container bottle in time for disinfection and sterilization, otherwise the culture medium will ferment, causing bacteria to multiply and affecting the sterilization effect. The culture bottle must be placed upright, with the bottle mouth facing upwards.

[0022] When standing still, wait until the temperature and pressure drop, take out everything and place it on an iron bed to cool down. Wait until everything has cooled to room temperature before packing and inoculating.

[0023] S3. Mycelium culture of cultivated species: The cultivation time of cultivated species is 50±2 days. The mycelium is cultured in the dark. The suitable temperature for mycelium growth is 24-26℃, and the relative humidity of the air is controlled at 60%-65%. Before the mycelium covers the surface, the room temperature is controlled at 25℃±1℃ to facilitate the germination and growth of the inoculated fungus blocks. When the mycelium grows to cover the surface, biological heat will be generated, making the temperature inside the bag 2-3℃ higher than the temperature outside the bag. Primordia will appear after 50±2 days of mycelium culture of cultivated species. The primordia will continue to grow with the development of the primordium block, and water droplets will be spit out on the surface, and convex tissue will appear, that is, the primordium enters the differentiation stage. When the primordium appears, it will be transferred to the fruiting room for management during the fruiting period.

[0024] Normal mother strain mycelium is white, strong, dense, uniform, with strong villi, neat growth, stretched hyphae, neat edges, no pigment, and no contaminants visible to the naked eye. On the contrary, if the mycelium is dull, sparse, irregularly grown, compact, with irregular edges, yellow secretion, color spots precipitated in the culture medium, and contaminants observable to the naked eye, it is an inferior strain. Therefore, the culture room is required to avoid light as much as possible. The relative humidity of the air is kept below 80%, controlled at 60%-65%, and high temperature and high humidity are avoided to avoid the decrease of mycelium vitality and the contamination that becomes an inferior strain. Regular inspections are carried out during the culture period to eliminate inferior strains and pollution sources in a timely manner.

[0025] S4. Flower ball maintenance: When the primordium begins to form and enter differentiation, open the bag in time. It takes 20±1 days for the primordium to form and differentiate. After opening the bag, the temperature is controlled at 16-20℃, the light is 800-1200 lx, and an ultrasonic atomizer is used for spray humidification. The relative humidity of the air is controlled at 90%-95%.

[0026] Hydrangea has relatively high requirements for humidity and cannot have visible water, so it is preferred to use ultrasonic atomization humidification to make the water droplets reach a fineness of several microns.

[0027] S5. Harvesting: Stop spraying 12 hours before harvesting. When harvesting, pick out the mature fruiting bodies and cut them off from the base with a blade. Example 2

[0028] Referring to Example 1, the difference from Example 1 is that in step S1 of this example, the formula of the culture medium is as follows by weight: 76% pine sawdust, 12% flour, 8% corn flour, 2% sucrose, 1% calcium carbonate and 1% golden selenium treasure. Example 3

[0029] Referring to Example 1, the difference from Example 1 is that in step S1 of this example, the formula of the culture medium is as follows by weight: 80% pine sawdust, 8% flour, 8% corn flour, 1% sucrose, 1% calcium carbonate and 2% golden selenium treasure.

[0030] The leaves of the selenium-enriched hydrangea harvested in Example 1-3 were unfolded, with wavy edges and white fluff on the back, and the mushroom bodies were strong and beautiful.

[0031] The harvested selenium-rich hydrangea can be sold directly on the market. The fresh product has good storage resistance and can be kept fresh for 15 days at a temperature of 3-5℃.

[0032] The selenium content of the harvested selenium-rich hydrangea is 0.2-0.4 mg per kilogram, of which 90%-95% is organic selenium absorbed by the human body. Comparative Example 1

[0033] Referring to Example 1, the difference from Example 1 is that in step S1 of this comparative example, sodium selenite is used instead of gold selenium treasure.

[0034] The selenium content of the hydrangea collected in this comparative ratio is 0.08-0.1 mg per kilogram, of which the content of organic selenium absorbed by the human body is 65%-70%.

[0035] The series of detailed descriptions listed above are only specific descriptions of feasible embodiments of the present invention. They are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent embodiments or changes that do not deviate from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A selenium-enriched hydrangea cultivation process, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Prepare the culture medium: The weight ratio of the culture medium is: sawdust 76%-80%, flour 8%-12%, corn flour 8%-11%, sugar 1%-3%, calcium compound 1%-2% and golden selenium treasure 1%-2%. After preparing various raw materials according to the weight ratio of the culture medium formula, pour the various raw materials into a blender, add water, mix and stir evenly to make a culture medium, and control the water content of the culture medium to 60%-65%; S2. Sterilization and inoculation: Place the container with culture medium directly into the pot for sterilization. When the temperature rises to 124-128℃ and the pressure reaches 0.1-0.2 MPa, keep warm for 2-3 hours, then stop heating. After the temperature and pressure drop, take out all of them and let them stand. After they drop to room temperature, pack them in bags and inoculate them. S3. Mycelium culture of cultivated species: The cultivation time of cultivated species is 50±2 days. Mycelium is cultured in the dark. The suitable temperature for mycelium growth is 24-26℃, and the relative humidity of the air is controlled at 60%-65%. Before the mycelium covers the surface, the room temperature is controlled at 25℃±1℃ to facilitate the germination and growth of the inoculated mushroom blocks. When the mycelium covers the surface, it will generate biological heat, making the temperature inside the bag 2-3℃ higher than the temperature outside the bag. After 50±2 days of mycelium culture, primordia appear. The primordia continue to grow with the development of the primordium block, and water droplets will be spit out on the surface, and convex tissue will appear, that is, the primordia enter the differentiation stage. When the primordia appear, they will be transferred to the fruiting room for management during the fruiting period. S4. Flower ball maintenance: When the primordium begins to form and differentiate, open the bag in time. It takes 20±1 days for the primordium to form and differentiate. After opening the bag, the temperature should be controlled at 16-20℃, the light should be 800-1200 lx, spray humidification, and the relative humidity of the air should be controlled at 90%-95%; S5. Harvesting: Stop spraying 12 hours before harvesting. When harvesting, pick out the mature fruiting bodies and cut them off from the base with a blade.

2. The selenium-enriched hydrangea cultivation process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the formula of the culture medium is: 78% sawdust, 10% flour, 9% corn flour, 1% sugar, 1% calcium-containing compound and 1% golden selenium treasure.

3. The selenium-enriched hydrangea cultivation process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the sugar is sucrose, brown sugar or glucose.

4. The selenium-enriched hydrangea cultivation process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the calcium-containing compound is calcium carbonate and / or superphosphate.

5. The selenium-enriched hydrangea cultivation process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, when the temperature rises to 126°C and the pressure reaches 0.15 MPa, keep warm for 2 hours.

6. The selenium-enriched hydrangea cultivation process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, an ultrasonic atomizer is used for spray humidification.