Processing method for improving usability of upper tobacco leaves of flue-cured tobacco

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of cigarette processing, and discloses a processing method for improving usability of upper tobacco leaves of flue-cured tobaccos, which comprises the following steps: taking the upper tobacco leaves as raw materials, dividing the upper tobacco leaves into 20 areas by adopting gridding subareas, and separating the leaf edge parts of the upper tobacco leaves from the parts close to leaf stems; respectively measuring the main chemical components of each area of the upper smoke divided into 20 areas; data processing software is applied to conduct principal component analysis on main chemical components of all areas of the upper tobacco leaves and main chemical components of the middle tobacco leaves, the comprehensive quality of samples of different sections of the upper tobacco leaves and the comprehensive quality of the chemical components of the middle tobacco leaves are compared, and the areas closer to the comprehensive quality of the chemical components of the middle tobacco leaves are extracted. The upper tobacco leaves used in the method are randomly sampled in different production areas, so that the reliability of sample data is improved; the processing method is simple and easy to operate, the tobacco lamina processed through the gridding partition can be effectively connected with the subsequent threshing and redrying process, and large-scale large-scale production is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cigarette processing, and in particular to a processing method for improving the usability of upper tobacco leaves of flue-cured tobacco. Background Art

[0002] Tobacco leaves are the main tobacco raw material used in the cigarette industry. The upper tobacco leaves account for 30% to 45% of the total plant output, accounting for a large proportion of the tobacco raw materials. The upper tobacco leaves grow at the top of the plant, receive sufficient light, have strong absorption capacity, and are full of substances; however, they generally have defects such as dense tobacco leaf structure, uncoordinated internal chemical composition, high starch and nicotine content, and low sugar-alkali ratio, which makes its sensory quality manifested as strong strength, strong irritation, and heavy impurities when smoking. These defects limit the practical use of upper tobacco leaves in cigarette formulas, resulting in low industrial availability. In production, they cannot be used in large quantities to produce first- and second-class high-end cigarettes, resulting in a large backlog of upper tobacco leaves, affecting the economic and social benefits of enterprises. In recent years, with the continuous improvement of my country's cigarette structure, high-end cigarette formulas generally use medium and high-quality tobacco leaves, resulting in raw material supply that is difficult to meet the needs of continuous structural improvement. At the same time, the smoke concentration and aroma of the middle tobacco leaves are insufficient after the tar is reduced, and the satisfaction of smoking is not enough, and the mature upper tobacco leaves are needed to make up for the aroma after the tar is reduced. Therefore, improving the availability of the upper tobacco leaves has become an important issue that the tobacco industry needs to solve urgently. At present, the main methods for improving the availability of the upper tobacco leaves include one-time harvesting and baking, adding materials, and the golden section method; these existing technologies generally have the problem of cumbersome upper tobacco leaf processing technology, and cannot achieve fine processing of the upper tobacco leaves, and there is also the problem of high processing costs.

[0003] Prior art 1, Chinese patent, application number: 202410731524.1 discloses a curing process for cutting and baking 4-6 upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco with stems at one time, comprising the following steps: tobacco leaf harvesting: when the maturity requirement of the upper leaves meets the process maturity requirement, 4-6 upper leaves are cut and baked with stems at one time; tobacco leaf tying: the tobacco leaves cut with stems are tied to the stems; baking and curing: the "high temperature quick exhaust method" is adopted for baking, that is, the temperature is maintained at 42°C and 44°C to accelerate moisture removal and ensure baking quality. Although harvesting the upper 4-6 leaves with stems at one time can reduce the harvesting and curing steps, reduce labor costs, and shorten the harvesting and curing cycle, and cutting and curing the upper 4-6 leaves of flue-cured tobacco with stems at one time can fully regulate the moisture content of the tobacco leaves. After curing, the tobacco leaves are golden and bright in color, with a loose tissue structure, and the proportion of ash and green tobacco is reduced, which can effectively improve the quality of the upper tobacco leaves, reduce tobacco leaf losses and the proportion of low-grade tobacco leaves, and achieve the effect of improving the quality of tobacco leaf curing and increasing the income of tobacco farmers; however, the curing process is prone to ash and green curing, and the process also has the problem of high labor costs.

[0004] Prior art 2, Chinese patent, application number: 202111254235.X discloses a treatment method and a processing method for improving the quality of upper tobacco leaves, including the following steps: treating the upper tobacco leaves with a sugar solution; performing leaf storage treatment on the upper tobacco leaves treated with the sugar solution; and performing heat treatment on the upper tobacco leaves after the leaf storage treatment until the moisture content is 11-13%. Although the upper tobacco leaves are treated with a simple method using a liquid with sugar as the main component to effectively improve the Schmuck value of the upper tobacco leaves, improve the coordination of the chemical composition of the upper tobacco leaves, and improve the smoking quality of the upper tobacco leaves, and at the same time reduce the tar content and harmful components of the smoke generated by the combustion of tobacco leaves, and improve their usability; However, while improving the Schmuck value, the entire leaf threshing and re-baking process becomes cumbersome and difficult to control, which greatly increases the difficulty of production and processing.

[0005] Prior art three, Long Minghai, Zi Wenhua, Hua Yikun, et al. Application of principal component analysis combined with Fisher optimal segmentation method in tobacco leaf cutting [J]. Tobacco Science & Technology, 2016, 49(08): 83-88. DOI: 10.16135 / j.issn1002-0861.2015.0583. In order to explore a more scientific and reasonable tobacco leaf cutting method for segmented beating and re-baking of tobacco raw materials, red large C3F grade primary-baked tobacco leaves were taken as the research object. The golden section method was used to cut the tobacco leaves and collect the near-infrared spectra of each segment. The principal component of the near-infrared spectra of each segment was extracted using principal component analysis. The tobacco leaf cutting method was studied in combination with Fisher optimal segmentation method, and the segmentation effect of the existing cutting method was compared and evaluated from the aspects of intrinsic chemical composition and sensory quality. The results showed that the golden section method could be used to cut the red C3F grade freshly flue-cured tobacco leaves into 11 sections. By principal component analysis of the near infrared spectra of each section, two principal components were finally determined to reflect the raw material information, and their cumulative variance contribution rate reached 99.789%. Based on the comprehensive score of the principal components, combined with the Fisher optimal segmentation method, the optimal segmentation ratio of the red C3F grade freshly flue-cured tobacco leaves in actual production was determined to be leaf base: leaf middle: leaf tip = 33%: 29%: 38%. After the tobacco leaves were cut by the Fisher optimal segmentation method, the differences in the contents of total sugar, reducing sugar and nicotine among the leaf base, leaf middle and leaf tip reached significant or extremely significant levels. The sensory quality scores of the leaf base (44.87), leaf middle (47.70) and leaf tip (49.06) were quite different, and the sensory quality scores of the leaf tip and leaf middle were improved to varying degrees compared with the existing cutting methods. Although it provides a reference for scientific leaf threshing, re-roasting, processing and rational utilization of tobacco leaves after segmentation, the chemical composition content of the leaf edge area and the part near the leaf stem is quite different, and this cutting method does not effectively separate the leaf edge from the part near the leaf stem.

[0006] At present, the existing technologies 1, 2 and 3 have the problem that the baking process is prone to ash and greening, and the labor cost is high; the re-baking process becomes cumbersome and difficult to control, which greatly increases the difficulty of production and processing; and the leaf edge and the part close to the leaf stem are not effectively separated. Therefore, the present invention provides a processing method for improving the usability of the upper tobacco leaves of flue-cured tobacco. Summary of the invention

[0007] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a processing method for improving the usability of the upper tobacco leaves of flue-cured tobacco, so as to solve the problems in the prior art that the baking process is prone to ash sticking, green baking and the like, and the labor cost is high; the re-baking process becomes cumbersome and difficult to control, which greatly increases the difficulty of production and processing; and the leaf edge and the part close to the leaf stem are not effectively separated.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A processing method for improving the usability of upper tobacco leaves of flue-cured tobacco, the processing method comprising:

[0010] The upper tobacco leaves are used as raw materials, and the upper tobacco leaves are divided into regions by using grid partitioning, so that the leaf edge part of the upper tobacco leaves is separated from the part close to the leaf stem;

[0011] The main chemical components of the upper tobacco leaves in each divided area were determined;

[0012] Data processing software was used to perform principal component analysis on the main chemical components of each region of the upper tobacco leaves and the middle tobacco leaves, and the comprehensive quality of chemical components of samples from different sections of the upper tobacco leaves was compared with that of the middle tobacco leaves, and the regions with a more comprehensive quality of chemical components than the middle tobacco leaves were extracted.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the upper tobacco leaves are divided into 20 areas.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the process of dividing the upper tobacco leaves into regions by using grid partitioning includes:

[0015] The upper tobacco leaves after the main veins are removed are cut into three sections;

[0016] Cut the leaf tip, middle leaf and base horizontally / vertically into 6, 8 and 6 areas respectively, and completely separate the upper tobacco leaf edge from the part close to the leaf stem;

[0017] The various regions of the upper tobacco leaves are heat treated; and the various regions of the upper tobacco leaves after the heat treatment are crushed.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, the three-section cutting is into leaf tip, leaf middle and leaf base.

[0019] As a further improvement of the present invention, each area of ​​the upper tobacco leaf is heat treated at 40° C. for 20 minutes until the moisture content is 8-10%.

[0020] As a further improvement of the present invention, each area of ​​the upper tobacco leaf after heat treatment is crushed, passed through a 40-mesh sieve, and balanced for 24 hours in an environment with a temperature of 28° C. and a relative humidity of 60%.

[0021] As a further improvement of the present invention, the process of extracting the region having a chemical composition comprehensive quality closer to that of the middle tobacco leaf comprises:

[0022] The applicability of factor analysis was tested by the test method, and three main factors with eigenvalues ​​greater than 1 were extracted using principal component analysis;

[0023] According to the factor loading matrix and eigenvalue, the correlation coefficients of different indicators in the principal component are calculated to obtain the principal component expression;

[0024] The comprehensive principal component value is calculated based on the principal component comprehensive model.

[0025] As a further improvement of the present invention, three main factors include 94.52% of the chemical components, and the contribution rates of eight chemical component indicators, namely, total sugar, reducing sugar, nicotine, total nitrogen, petroleum ether extract, potassium, chlorine and total phenolic substances, are calculated.

[0026] As a further improvement of the present invention, the three main factors are subjected to a fifth-power maximum orthogonal rotation to obtain the factor loading matrix and the calculation results of the factor eigenvalues ​​and contribution rates.

[0027] As a further improvement of the present invention, the principal component comprehensive model is obtained based on the scores of each principal component calculated according to the principal component expression and the ratio of the eigenvalues ​​corresponding to the three principal components to the sum of the total eigenvalues ​​of the extracted principal components as weights.

[0028] The present invention divides the upper tobacco leaves into 20 regions through grid partitioning, which can accurately separate the leaf edge part from the part close to the leaf stem; it is helpful to analyze and process tobacco leaves in different parts more carefully, ensuring that the characteristics of each region are fully considered. The main chemical components of each region are determined to fully understand the chemical characteristics of the upper tobacco leaves. The principal component analysis using data processing software can effectively reduce the dimension and simplify the data, and extract the most important chemical component information; by comparing the comprehensive quality of chemical components of different sections of the upper tobacco leaves with the middle tobacco leaves, the area that is closer to the quality of the middle tobacco leaves can be found. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of the steps of an embodiment of a processing method for improving the usability of upper tobacco leaves of flue-cured tobacco according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic flow chart of the steps of dividing the upper tobacco leaves into 20 regions using grid partitioning in one embodiment of the processing method for improving the usability of the upper tobacco leaves of the flue-cured tobacco according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 A schematic flow chart of the steps of extracting a region closer to the comprehensive quality of chemical components of middle tobacco leaves in one embodiment of a processing method for improving the usability of upper tobacco leaves of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of a processing method for improving the usability of upper tobacco leaves of flue-cured tobacco according to the present invention, in which the upper tobacco leaves are divided into 20 regions. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] The terms "first", "second" and "third" in the present invention are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second" and "third" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "multiple" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined. All directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0035] Reference to an "embodiment" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The appearance of the phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0036] like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment provides an embodiment of a processing method for improving the usability of the upper tobacco leaves of flue-cured tobacco. In this embodiment, the processing method for improving the usability of the upper tobacco leaves of flue-cured tobacco specifically includes the following steps:

[0037] Step S1: using the upper tobacco leaves as raw materials, dividing the upper tobacco leaves into 20 regions by grid partitioning, so that the leaf edge part of the upper tobacco leaves is separated from the part close to the leaf stem;

[0038] Step S2: measuring the main chemical components of each area of ​​the upper tobacco leaves divided into 20 areas;

[0039] Step S3: using data processing software to perform principal component analysis on the main chemical components of each region of the upper tobacco leaves and the middle tobacco leaves, and comparing the comprehensive quality of chemical components of samples from different sections of the upper tobacco leaves with that of the middle tobacco leaves, extracting regions that are closer to the comprehensive quality of chemical components of the middle tobacco leaves.

[0040] Preferably, step S1 of this embodiment divides the upper tobacco leaves into 20 regions by grid partitioning (see attached Figure 4 ), which can accurately separate the leaf edge from the part close to the leaf stem; it helps to analyze and process tobacco leaves in different parts more carefully, ensuring that the characteristics of each area are fully considered. Significance: This partitioning method provides a basis for subsequent chemical composition analysis, making the analysis results more accurate and targeted; by distinguishing tobacco leaves in different parts, we can better understand the differences in chemical composition of each part, and provide a scientific basis for optimizing tobacco leaf processing. Step S2 determines the main chemical components of each region, which can fully understand the chemical characteristics of the upper tobacco leaves. Significance: Through detailed chemical composition analysis, it is possible to identify which areas of tobacco leaves are closer to the quality of the middle tobacco leaves, thereby providing guidance for processing; this analysis helps to improve the overall availability of tobacco leaves and make them more in line with market demand. Step S3 applies data processing software (the data processing software can be SPSS, SAS or MATLAB, etc.) to perform principal component analysis, which can effectively reduce the dimension and simplify the data, and extract the most important chemical composition information; by comparing the comprehensive quality of chemical components of different sections of the upper tobacco leaves with the middle tobacco leaves, it is possible to find areas that are closer to the quality of the middle tobacco leaves. Significance: This analytical method not only improves the efficiency and accuracy of data processing, but also provides a scientific basis for optimizing tobacco leaf processing technology; by extracting areas that are closer in quality to the middle tobacco leaves, targeted processing can be carried out to improve the availability and market competitiveness of the upper tobacco leaves.

[0041] In summary, this embodiment aims to optimize the processing technology of the upper tobacco leaves of flue-cured tobacco through scientific data analysis and processing, and improve its availability and market value. The upper tobacco leaves used in this embodiment are randomly sampled from different production areas, which increases the reliability of the sample data; the processing method is simple and easy to operate, and the tobacco leaves after "grid partitioning" can be effectively connected with the subsequent leaf beating and re-baking process to achieve large-scale production; in view of the defect of the inharmonious internal chemical composition of the upper tobacco leaves, a simple method is used to process the upper tobacco leaf edge part and the part close to the leaf stem, which effectively improves the composition coordination of some areas of the upper tobacco leaves and improves the availability of the upper tobacco leaves.

[0042] Furthermore, if Figure 2 As shown, the process of dividing the upper tobacco leaves into 20 regions by using grid partitioning in step S1 specifically includes the following steps:

[0043] Step S11: selecting upper tobacco leaves with good maturity and complete appearance, and cutting the upper tobacco leaves after removing the main veins into three sections, namely, leaf tip, leaf middle and leaf base;

[0044] Step S12: cutting the leaf tip, leaf middle and leaf base horizontally / vertically into 6, 8 and 6 areas respectively, and completely separating the upper tobacco leaf edge part from the part close to the leaf stem;

[0045] Step S13: heat-treating each region of the upper tobacco leaf at 40°C for 20 minutes until the moisture content is 8-10%; crushing each region of the upper tobacco leaf after heat treatment, passing through a 40-mesh sieve, and balancing for 24 hours in an environment with a temperature of 28°C and a relative humidity of 60%.

[0046] Preferably, step S11 of this embodiment selects upper tobacco leaves with good maturity and complete appearance, and performs three-section cutting after removing the main veins, which can ensure the quality and uniformity of the tobacco leaves; this cutting method is conducive to subsequent fine zoning, so that the characteristics of each part are fully considered. Significance: By selecting high-quality tobacco leaves and performing precise zoning, high-quality raw materials are provided for chemical composition analysis and processing; this processing method ensures the accuracy of the analysis results and the stability of the processing effect. Step S12 cuts the leaf tip, middle leaf, and base of the leaf horizontally and vertically respectively to form 6, 8, and 6 areas, completely separating the leaf edge part from the part close to the leaf stem. The zoning method can accurately divide different parts of the tobacco leaves to ensure that the characteristics of each area are analyzed independently. Significance: Through fine zoning, the chemical composition differences of various parts of the tobacco leaves can be more comprehensively understood, providing a scientific basis for optimizing the processing technology; the zoning method helps to improve the accuracy and pertinence of tobacco leaf processing, thereby improving the overall quality of the tobacco leaves. Step S13 heat treats each area of ​​the upper tobacco leaf at 40°C for 20 minutes until the moisture content is 8-10%. The heat-treated tobacco leaf is crushed, passed through a 40-mesh sieve, and balanced under a specific environment for 24 hours; the treatment method can stabilize the moisture content of the tobacco leaf, facilitating chemical composition analysis and processing. Significance: Through heat treatment and environmental balance, the physical and chemical stability of the tobacco leaf is ensured, providing a reliable basis for subsequent analysis and processing; it helps to improve the accuracy of the analysis results and the consistency of the processing effect, thereby improving the availability and market competitiveness of the tobacco leaf.

[0047] In summary, this embodiment aims to optimize the processing technology of the upper tobacco leaves of flue-cured tobacco and improve their availability and market value through fine zoning and scientific processing methods.

[0048] Furthermore, the process of heat treating each area of ​​the upper tobacco leaf at 40° C. for 20 minutes in step S13 specifically includes the following steps:

[0049] Step S1313: During the heat treatment process, a dynamic humidity control system is introduced to adjust the humidity of the treatment environment according to the real-time moisture content of the tobacco leaves. At the end of the heat treatment, the moisture content of the tobacco leaves reaches 8-10%;

[0050] Step S1314: After the heat treatment is completed, a layered cooling technique is used to perform preliminary cooling at 35°C, followed by secondary cooling at 30°C, and finally a balancing treatment at 28°C;

[0051] Step S1315: Introduce intelligent crushing to automatically adjust crushing parameters according to the hardness and moisture content of the tobacco leaves, to ensure that the crushed tobacco leaf particles are uniform and the efficiency of passing through the 40-mesh sieve is optimal.

[0052] Preferably, the step S1313 dynamic humidity control system of this embodiment can dynamically adjust the humidity of the processing environment according to the real-time moisture content of the tobacco leaves through the dynamic humidity control system; ensure that the moisture evaporation rate of the tobacco leaves is balanced with the ambient humidity during the heat treatment process, avoiding excessive drying or moisture residue; at the end of the heat treatment, the moisture content of the tobacco leaves can be accurately controlled at 8-10%, which is the ideal moisture content range in tobacco leaf processing, which can not only ensure the softness and elasticity of the tobacco leaves, but also avoid mildew or quality degradation caused by excessive moisture. Significance achieved: Accurate moisture content control ensures the stability of the quality of the tobacco leaves after heat treatment, avoiding the difference in tobacco leaf quality caused by uneven moisture; the dynamic humidity control system improves the automation and intelligence level of the heat treatment process, reduces manual intervention, and improves production efficiency. Step S1314 layered cooling technology, through the layered cooling technology, the tobacco leaves are first preliminarily cooled at 35°C after heat treatment, then secondary cooled at 30°C, and finally balanced at 28°C. This gradual cooling method can effectively avoid stress damage to tobacco leaves caused by sudden temperature drops; layered cooling ensures that the temperature inside and outside the tobacco leaves drops evenly, avoiding deformation or structural damage to tobacco leaves caused by uneven temperature. Significance achieved: Layered cooling technology effectively protects the physical structure of tobacco leaves, avoids brittleness or deformation of tobacco leaves caused by rapid cooling, and ensures the integrity and quality of tobacco leaves; the uniform cooling process improves the stability of tobacco leaf processing and ensures the smooth progress of subsequent processing steps. Step S1315 The intelligent crushing system can automatically adjust the crushing parameters according to the hardness and moisture content of the tobacco leaves to ensure that uniform crushing effects can be obtained under different conditions; the crushed tobacco leaf particles are uniform, and the efficiency of passing through the 40-mesh sieve is optimal, ensuring that the particle size of the crushed tobacco leaves meets the processing requirements. Significance achieved: The intelligent crushing system improves the accuracy and consistency of tobacco leaf crushing, ensures the uniformity of tobacco leaf particles, and provides high-quality raw materials for processing steps (such as cigarette making); the automated crushing system reduces the need for manual operation, reduces production costs, and improves production efficiency and consistency.

[0053] In summary, this embodiment ensures the precise control of tobacco leaf moisture content, improves tobacco leaf quality and processing efficiency; protects the physical structure of tobacco leaves, improves processing stability and tobacco leaf integrity; improves crushing accuracy and consistency, ensures the uniformity of tobacco leaf particles, and provides high-quality raw materials for processing. It not only improves the overall efficiency and quality of tobacco leaf processing, but also provides technical support for the intelligent and automated development of the tobacco industry.

[0054] Furthermore, the process of adjusting the humidity of the processing environment according to the real-time moisture content of the tobacco leaves in step S1313 specifically includes the following steps:

[0055] Step S13131: high-precision humidity sensors and moisture sensors are arranged inside the heat treatment equipment to monitor the moisture content changes of tobacco leaves in real time; the sensors are distributed in different areas of the tobacco leaves; the data collected by the sensors are connected to the central control system via wireless transmission, and after filtering and calibration processing, real-time moisture content data is generated;

[0056] Step S13132: a built-in humidity control device, including a humidifier and a dehumidifier; according to the real-time moisture content data, the operating state of the humidifier or dehumidifier is automatically adjusted to maintain the humidity of the processing environment within the optimal range; the output power of the humidity control device is dynamically adjusted by using adaptive PID control combined with the change trend of the moisture content of the tobacco leaves; according to the initial moisture content of the tobacco leaves and the heat treatment time, the humidity control process is predicted and optimized;

[0057] Step S13133: By real-time monitoring of tobacco moisture content and environmental humidity, a closed-loop feedback control is formed; when the tobacco moisture content deviates from the target range, the humidity environment is automatically adjusted to ensure that the moisture content is stable at 8-10%.

[0058] Preferably, in step S13131 of this embodiment, real-time moisture content monitoring can comprehensively and accurately obtain the real-time moisture content data of tobacco leaves by arranging high-precision humidity sensors and moisture sensors in different areas of tobacco leaves; the data collected by the sensors are filtered and calibrated to ensure the stability and reliability of the data, and provide accurate basic data for subsequent humidity adjustment. Significance achieved: Real-time moisture content monitoring provides reliable data support for humidity adjustment, ensuring accurate control of tobacco moisture content during heat treatment; through comprehensive data collection, it is possible to better understand the moisture content distribution of tobacco leaves, provide a scientific basis for humidity adjustment, and avoid waste of resources. Step S13132 humidity environment adjustment, the built-in humidifier and dehumidifier automatically adjust the operating state according to the real-time moisture content data to ensure that the humidity of the processing environment is always in the optimal range; the adaptive PID control algorithm is adopted, combined with the changing trend of tobacco moisture content, the output power of the humidity adjustment device is dynamically adjusted to improve the adjustment accuracy and response speed; according to the initial moisture content of the tobacco leaves and the heat treatment time, the system can predict and optimize the humidity adjustment process to ensure that the moisture content of the tobacco leaves reaches the target range at the end of the heat treatment. Significance achieved: Dynamic adjustment and adaptive control can quickly respond to changes in tobacco moisture content, reduce adjustment time, and improve heat treatment efficiency; through precise humidity control, ensure that the moisture content of tobacco after heat treatment is stable at 8-10%, and improve the quality and consistency of tobacco; the application of adaptive control and predictive optimization technology has promoted the intelligent upgrade of the heat treatment process and provided technical support for the automated production of the tobacco industry. Step S13133 closed-loop feedback control, through real-time monitoring of tobacco moisture content and ambient humidity, forms a closed-loop feedback control, which can timely detect and correct the situation where the moisture content deviates from the target range; when the moisture content of tobacco leaves deviates from the target range, the system automatically adjusts the humidity environment to ensure that the moisture content is stable at 8-10%, reducing manual intervention. Significance achieved: Closed-loop feedback control can adjust the humidity environment in real time, ensure accurate control of tobacco moisture content, and improve the stability of the heat treatment process; the automatic adjustment function reduces the frequency and error of manual operation, improves production efficiency and automation level; closed-loop feedback control can timely detect and correct problems, enhance the reliability and stability of the system, and ensure the smooth progress of the heat treatment process.

[0059] In summary, this embodiment realizes the precise control of moisture content during the heat treatment of tobacco leaves through different technical means. Step S13131 provides reliable data support for humidity regulation through high-precision monitoring and data processing; step S13132 ensures precise control of the humidity environment through dynamic regulation and adaptive control; step S13133 adjusts the humidity environment in real time through closed-loop feedback control to ensure the stability of moisture content. The technical effects and significance of these steps not only improve the efficiency and quality of the heat treatment process, but also promote the intelligent and automated development of the tobacco industry.

[0060] Furthermore, if Figure 3 As shown, the process of extracting the region closer to the comprehensive quality of chemical components of the middle tobacco leaves in step S3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0061] Step S31: The KMO test method and the Bartlett sphericity test method were used to test the suitability of the factor analysis, and the principal component analysis method was used to extract three main factors with eigenvalues ​​greater than 1, wherein the three main factors contained 94.52% of the chemical components, and the contribution rates of eight chemical component indicators, namely, total sugar, reducing sugar, nicotine, total nitrogen, petroleum ether extract, potassium, chlorine and total phenolic substances, were calculated;

[0062] Step S32: Perform a fifth-order maximum orthogonal rotation on the three main factors to obtain the factor loading matrix, factor eigenvalues ​​and contribution rate calculation results. Calculate the correlation coefficients of different indicators in the main component according to the factor loading matrix and eigenvalues ​​to obtain the main component expression;

[0063] Step S33: Based on the scores of each principal component calculated by the principal component expression and the ratio of the eigenvalues ​​corresponding to the three principal components to the sum of the total eigenvalues ​​of the extracted principal components as weights, a principal component comprehensive model is obtained, and the comprehensive principal component value is calculated based on the principal component comprehensive model.

[0064] Preferably, step S31 of this embodiment ensures the applicability of factor analysis by KMO (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin) test and Bartlett sphericity test, that is, the data is suitable for factor analysis; the principal component analysis method is used to extract three main factors with eigenvalues ​​greater than 1, which can explain most of the variation. Specifically, these three main factors explain 94.52% of the chemical components; the contribution rates of eight chemical component indicators are calculated, including total sugar, reducing sugar, total nitrogen, petroleum ether extract, potassium, chlorine and total phenolic substances, which helps to understand which components have the greatest impact on tobacco quality. Significance: It provides basic data for the construction of factor rotation and principal component comprehensive model, ensuring the scientificity and accuracy of the analysis; by identifying and quantifying the contribution rate of each chemical component, the quality of tobacco leaves in different regions can be more accurately evaluated and compared, providing a scientific basis for optimizing tobacco planting and processing. Step S32 performs a fifth-order maximum orthogonal rotation on the three main factors, which helps to simplify the factor structure, making the factor loading matrix clearer and easier to interpret; the calculation results of the factor loading matrix, factor eigenvalues ​​and contribution rates are obtained, and these results are used to calculate the correlation coefficients of different indicators in the principal component, and finally the principal component expression is obtained. Significance: By rotating the factors, each main factor is more focused on a specific chemical component, which enhances the explanatory power of the model; the principal component expression provides a mathematical basis for the subsequent calculation of the scores of each principal component, which helps to more accurately evaluate the comprehensive quality of tobacco leaves. Step S33 calculates the scores of each principal component according to the principal component expression, and the scores reflect the performance of each sample on different principal components; the principal component comprehensive model is constructed with the proportion of the eigenvalues ​​corresponding to the three principal components to the sum of the total eigenvalues ​​of the extracted principal components as the weight, which ensures the scientific distribution of weights; the comprehensive principal component value is calculated according to the principal component comprehensive model, which is a key indicator for evaluating the comprehensive quality of tobacco leaves. Significance: Through the calculation of the comprehensive principal component values, we can make a comprehensive evaluation of tobacco leaves from different regions and find out the regions with a more comprehensive quality of chemical composition of tobacco leaves in the central region. This provides a quantitative basis for regional comparison and selection of tobacco leaf quality, which helps to improve the efficiency and quality of tobacco leaf planting and processing.

[0065] Furthermore, the process of extracting three main factors with eigenvalues ​​greater than 1 by using the principal component analysis method in step S31 specifically includes the following steps:

[0066] Step S311: collecting chemical composition data of the middle tobacco leaves, including 8 indicators such as total sugar, reducing sugar, total nitrogen, petroleum ether extract, potassium, chlorine and total phenolic substances; and standardizing the collected data;

[0067] Step S312: Calculate the KMO value to determine whether the data is suitable for factor analysis. The KMO value is usually required to be greater than 0.6. The closer it is to 1, the more suitable the data is for factor analysis. Perform a Bartlett sphericity test to determine whether the correlation matrix of the data is a unit matrix, that is, to test whether the variables are independent. The significance level is usually required to be less than 0.05, indicating that the data is suitable for factor analysis.

[0068] Step S313: Calculate the eigenvalues ​​and eigenvectors of the correlation matrix using principal component analysis. Extract the principal components with eigenvalues ​​greater than 1, usually the first three principal components; calculate the contribution rate of each principal component, that is, the ratio of the eigenvalue of each principal component to the total of all eigenvalues.

[0069] Among them, step S311 is data collection and standardization processing, and the standardization equation is:

[0070]

[0071] In the formula, Z ij represents the standardized data, which represents the jth index of the i-th sample; X ij represents the original data, represents the jth index of the i-th sample; μ j represents the mean value of the jth indicator; σ j represents the standard deviation of the jth indicator;

[0072] Step S312 KMO value calculation and Bartlett sphericity test, KMO value calculation equation:

[0073]

[0074] In the formula, r ij represents the correlation coefficient between the i-th variable and the j-th variable; a ij represents the partial correlation coefficient between the i-th variable and the j-th variable;

[0075] Bartlett's sphericity test equation:

[0076]

[0077] In the formula, χ 2 represents the chi-square statistic, n represents the sample size, p represents the number of variables, and R represents the determinant of the correlation matrix;

[0078] Step S313: principal component analysis and eigenvalue extraction, correlation matrix calculation equation:

[0079]

[0080] In the formula, R ijrepresents the element in the i-th row and j-th column of the correlation matrix; Z ki represents the standardized data, and represents the i-th indicator of the k-th sample; represents the mean of the i-th indicator;

[0081] Eigenvalue and eigenvector calculation equations:

[0082] Rv=λv

[0083] In the formula, R represents the correlation matrix, v represents the eigenvector, and λ represents the eigenvalue;

[0084] Contribution rate calculation formula:

[0085]

[0086] In the formula, the contribution rate j represents the contribution rate of the jth principal component; j represents the eigenvalue of the jth principal component; p represents the number of variables; these equations and character meanings together constitute the core calculation process of principal component analysis. Through these calculations, the most representative principal factors can be extracted from complex chemical composition data, providing a scientific basis for tobacco quality evaluation and related research.

[0087] Preferably, step S311 of this embodiment is data collection and standardization, which eliminates the dimensional differences between different indicators by collecting the chemical composition data of the middle tobacco leaves and performing standardization, so that the data are comparable. Significance: The data after standardization can more accurately reflect the relationship between the indicators and provide high-quality basic data for factor analysis. Step S312 is the calculation of KMO value and the Bartlett sphericity test. The KMO value is used to evaluate whether the data is suitable for factor analysis. The KMO value is greater than 0.6 and the closer it is to 1, the more suitable the data is for factor analysis; the Bartlett sphericity test is used to test whether the correlation matrix of the data is a unit matrix, and a significance level of less than 0.05 indicates that the data is suitable for factor analysis. Significance: These two test steps ensure that the correlation of the data is strong enough to effectively perform factor analysis, avoiding deviations in analysis results due to inappropriate data. Step S313: Principal component analysis and eigenvalue extraction. The eigenvalues ​​and eigenvectors of the correlation matrix are calculated by principal component analysis, and the principal components with eigenvalues ​​greater than 1 are extracted. The first three principal components are usually selected. The contribution rate of each principal component is calculated, that is, the ratio of the eigenvalue of each principal component to the sum of all eigenvalues. Significance: The extracted principal components can retain the information of the original data to the greatest extent, while reducing the dimension of the data. The contribution rate of the first three principal components can help us understand the degree of explanation of each principal component to the overall data variation, and provide an important reference for subsequent analysis and decision-making.

[0088] In summary, this embodiment jointly ensures the effectiveness and reliability of the principal component analysis method. Through these steps, the most representative principal factors can be extracted from complex chemical composition data, providing a scientific basis for tobacco quality evaluation and related research.

[0089] Furthermore, the process of calculating the comprehensive principal component value according to the principal component comprehensive model in step S33 specifically includes the following steps:

[0090] Step S331: Perform a fifth-order maximum orthogonal rotation on the extracted three principal components to obtain a factor loading matrix; calculate the loading value of each indicator on each principal component according to the rotated factor loading matrix, and determine the correlation between each indicator and the principal component;

[0091] Step S332: construct a principal component expression based on the factor loading matrix and the eigenvalue, the expression including the weight coefficient of each indicator; use the principal component expression to calculate the score of each sample on each principal component;

[0092] Step S333: Calculate the weight of each principal component by taking the ratio of the eigenvalues ​​corresponding to the three principal components to the sum of the total eigenvalues ​​of the extracted principal components as the weight; calculate the comprehensive principal component value based on the weight and the score of each principal component to obtain the final comprehensive quality evaluation result.

[0093] Among them, step S331 calculates the factor loading matrix and standardizes the indicator matrix:

[0094]

[0095] In the formula, represents the value of the i-th index on the j-th principal component after standardization, X ij represents the value of the original i-th index on the j-th principal component; μ i represents the mean of the i-th indicator; σ i Represents the standard deviation of the ith indicator.

[0096] Calculation of the covariance matrix:

[0097]

[0098] In the formula, Σ represents the covariance matrix; n represents the total number of principal components; represents the mean of the i-th indicator after standardization;

[0099] Eigenvalue decomposition:

[0100] Σ=VΛV T

[0101] Where V represents the eigenvector matrix, each column is an eigenvector; Λ represents the eigenvalue diagonal matrix, and the elements on the diagonal are eigenvalues;

[0102] Calculation of factor loading matrix:

[0103]

[0104] Where, L ij represents the load value of the i-th indicator on the j-th principal component; V ij represents the eigenvector value of the i-th indicator on the j-th principal component; j represents the eigenvalue of the jth principal component;

[0105] Maximum orthogonal rotation to power 5:

[0106]

[0107] In the formula, represents the factor loading matrix after rotation; R j represents the rotation matrix corresponding to the jth principal component, obtained by the fifth-power maximum orthogonal rotation algorithm;

[0108] Step S332: Construction of principal component expression and score calculation, principal component expression:

[0109]

[0110] In the formula, Z j represents the score of the jth principal component; w ij Represents the weight coefficient of the i-th indicator on the j-th principal component; represents the value of the i-th indicator after standardization; p represents the total number of indicators;

[0111] Calculation of weight coefficient:

[0112]

[0113] In the formula, represents the factor loading value after rotation; λ j represents the eigenvalue of the jth principal component;

[0114] Step S333 represents the calculation of the comprehensive principal component value and the weight calculation:

[0115]

[0116] In the formula, ω j represents the weight of the jth principal component; j represents the eigenvalue of the jth principal component; represents the factor loading value after rotation; k represents the total number of principal components extracted;

[0117] Calculation of comprehensive principal component value:

[0118]

[0119] In the formula, Z total represents the comprehensive principal component value; ω j represents the weight of the jth principal component; Z j Represents the score of the jth principal component. Through the above complex formula system, a more comprehensive principal component comprehensive model can be constructed, and the complexity and accuracy of the model can be improved.

[0120] Preferably, step S331 of this embodiment performs a fifth-order maximum orthogonal rotation on the extracted three principal components to obtain a factor loading matrix; through the fifth-order maximum orthogonal rotation, the factor loadings in the factor loading matrix can be made clearer and more significant, that is, the loading values ​​of some indicators on a certain principal component will become larger, while the loading values ​​on other principal components will become smaller; the rotated factor loading matrix is ​​easier to interpret, because each principal component is mainly dominated by a few indicators, which helps to understand the actual significance of each principal component. Significance: The rotated factor loading matrix makes the correlation between each indicator and the principal component clearer, which is convenient for analysis and interpretation; by simplifying the factor structure, the model is easier to apply to practical problems, and is easy for decision makers to understand and use. Step S332 constructs a principal component expression based on the factor loading matrix and eigenvalues; through the factor loading matrix and eigenvalues, a mathematical expression of the principal component can be constructed, and the expression contains the weight coefficients of each indicator, which reflects the contribution of each indicator to the principal component; using the principal component expression, the score of each sample on each principal component can be calculated, and these scores reflect the performance of the sample on different principal components. Significance: By constructing the principal component expression, complex multivariate data can be simplified into several principal components, which is convenient for quantitative analysis and comparison; the principal component expression reveals the inherent structure in the data and helps us understand the relationship and influence between the various indicators. Step S333 calculates the comprehensive principal component value, and uses the ratio of the eigenvalues ​​corresponding to the three principal components to the sum of the total eigenvalues ​​of the extracted principal components as the weight to calculate the weight of each principal component. These weights reflect the importance of each principal component; based on the weight and the score of each principal component, the comprehensive principal component value is calculated to obtain the final comprehensive quality evaluation result, which is a comprehensive evaluation of the overall performance of the sample. Significance: The comprehensive principal component value provides a comprehensive evaluation indicator that can comprehensively consider the influence of each principal component and obtain a more objective and comprehensive evaluation result; the comprehensive principal component value provides an important reference for decision makers, helping them make more scientific and reasonable decisions in multi-dimensional data.

[0121] In summary, the principal component comprehensive model of this embodiment can not only simplify complex data structures, but also provide comprehensive and objective evaluation results, providing strong support for solving practical problems.

[0122] Furthermore, this embodiment provides a processing method for improving the usability of the upper tobacco leaves of flue-cured tobacco, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0123] (1) Select upper tobacco leaves with good maturity and complete appearance from the Midu production area, with each leaf weighing about 10 g. After removing the main veins, the upper tobacco leaves are cut into three sections, namely, the tip, the middle and the base. Then, the tip, the middle and the base are cut horizontally / vertically into 6, 8 and 6 areas respectively, and the edge of the upper tobacco leaves is completely separated from the part close to the stem;

[0124] (2) each region of the upper tobacco leaf is heat treated at 40° C. for 20 min until the moisture content is 8-10%, each region of the upper tobacco leaf after the heat treatment is crushed, passed through a 40-mesh sieve, and equilibrated for 24 h in an environment with a temperature of 28° C. and a relative humidity of 60%;

[0125] (3) The 20 regions of the treated upper tobacco leaves and the middle tobacco leaves were respectively tested for the main eight chemical components (total sugar, reducing sugar, nicotine, total nitrogen, petroleum ether extract, potassium, chlorine, and total phenolic substances) of each region according to the current national standards. Total sugar content: the detection method refers to "YC / T 159-2002", reducing sugar content: the detection method refers to "YC / T 159-2002", nicotine content: the detection method refers to "YC / T160-2002", total nitrogen content: the detection method refers to "YC / T 161-2002", petroleum ether extract content: the detection method refers to "YC / T 176-2003", potassium content: the detection method refers to "YC / T 217-2007", chlorine content: the detection method refers to "YC / T 162-2011", total phenolic substance content: the detection method refers to "YC / T202-2006";

[0126] (4) The data processing software was used to analyze the main chemical components of each section sample and the middle tobacco leaf after cutting. The KMO test method and Bartlett sphericity test method were used to test the applicability of factor analysis. KMO = 0.637 (> 0.6), and the accompanying probability of Bartlett sphericity test Sig. = 0.001 (< 0.05), indicating that the principal component analysis method is applicable and has a good effect. The principal component analysis method was used to extract three main factors with eigenvalues ​​greater than 1, of which the three main factors contained 94.52% of the chemical components and their contribution rates to the eight chemical component indicators were 46.89%, 33.90%, and 13.73%, respectively. It was shown that when the model explained the association between variables expressed in the form of factors, the three main factors were subjected to the fifth-power maximum orthogonal rotation, and the factor loading matrix (Table 1) and the calculation results of factor eigenvalues ​​and contribution rates (Table 2) were obtained.

[0127] Table 1. Analysis of the main chemical components by three-factor model

[0128]

[0129] Table 2. Calculation results of characteristic values ​​and contribution rates of main chemical composition factors

[0130]

[0131] The correlation coefficients of different indicators in the principal component are calculated based on the factor loading matrix and eigenvalues, and the principal component expressions (1), (2) and (3) are obtained:

[0132] f1=-0.4832x1-0.3603x2+0.3469x3+0.4672x4+0.0351x5-0.2566x6+0.1559x7+0.4543x8 (1)

[0133] f2=0.0601x1-0.3947x2+0.4135x3-0.1366x4+0.4408x5-0.3266x6-0.5647x7+0.1773x8 (2)

[0134] f3=-0.2853x1-0.2147x2-0.2004x3-0.1736x4+0.6059x5+0.6193x6-0.1087x7+0.1975x8 (3)

[0135] In the formula: x1~x8 are the standardized values ​​of total sugar, reducing sugar, nicotine, total nitrogen, petroleum ether extract, potassium, chlorine, and total phenolic substances. The scores of each principal component (f1, f2, f3) calculated according to the principal component expression, and the proportion of the eigenvalues ​​(λ1, λ2, λ3) corresponding to the three principal components to the sum of the total eigenvalues ​​of the extracted principal components are used as weights to obtain the principal component comprehensive model. The comprehensive principal component value F can be calculated according to the principal component comprehensive model. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0136] Table 3. Principal component scores and comprehensive quality evaluation indicators of upper tobacco leaves in each region and middle tobacco leaves in Midu production area

[0137]

[0138] As shown in Table 3, the middle part of the leaves (areas 7, 8, 9, 13, 14, and 15) after fine division of the upper tobacco leaves in the Midu production area by "grid zoning" is closer to the comprehensive quality of chemical composition of the middle tobacco leaves.

[0139] Furthermore, this embodiment provides a processing method for improving the usability of the upper tobacco leaves of flue-cured tobacco, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0140] (1) Select the upper tobacco leaves with good maturity and complete appearance from the Yongping production area, with each leaf weighing about 10g. After removing the main veins, the upper tobacco leaves are cut into three sections, namely the tip, the middle and the base. Then, the tip, the middle and the base are cut horizontally / vertically into 6, 8 and 6 areas respectively, and the edge of the upper tobacco leaves is completely separated from the part close to the stem;

[0141] (2) each region of the upper tobacco leaf is heat treated at 40° C. for 20 min until the moisture content is 8-10%, each region of the upper tobacco leaf after the heat treatment is crushed, passed through a 40-mesh sieve, and equilibrated for 24 h in an environment with a temperature of 28° C. and a relative humidity of 60%;

[0142] (3) The 20 regions of the treated upper tobacco leaves and the middle tobacco leaves were respectively tested for the main eight chemical components (total sugar, reducing sugar, nicotine, total nitrogen, petroleum ether extract, potassium, chlorine, and total phenolic substances) of each region according to the current national standards. Total sugar content: the detection method refers to "YC / T 159-2002", reducing sugar content: the detection method refers to "YC / T 159-2002", nicotine content: the detection method refers to "YC / T160-2002", total nitrogen content: the detection method refers to "YC / T 161-2002", petroleum ether extract content: the detection method refers to "YC / T 176-2003", potassium content: the detection method refers to "YC / T 217-2007", chlorine content: the detection method refers to "YC / T 162-2011", total phenolic substance content: the detection method refers to "YC / T202-2006";

[0143] (4) The data processing software was used to analyze the main chemical components of each section sample and the middle tobacco leaf after cutting. The results are shown in Table 4;

[0144] Table 4. Principal component scores and comprehensive quality evaluation indicators of upper tobacco leaves in each region and middle tobacco leaves in Yongping production area

[0145]

[0146]

[0147] As shown in Table 4, the upper tobacco leaves in Yongping production area, after fine division by "grid zoning", the part close to the leaf stem (areas 7, 8, 9, 13, 14, and 15) is closer to the comprehensive quality of chemical composition of the middle tobacco leaves.

[0148] Furthermore, this embodiment provides a processing method for improving the usability of the upper tobacco leaves of flue-cured tobacco, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0149] (1) Selecting upper tobacco leaves with good maturity and complete appearance from the Xiangyun production area, with each leaf weighing about 10 g, and cutting the upper tobacco leaves after removing the main veins into three sections, namely, the leaf tip, the middle leaf, and the leaf base, and then cutting the leaf tip, the middle leaf, and the leaf base horizontally / vertically into 6, 8, and 6 areas, respectively, and completely separating the leaf edge part of the upper tobacco leaves from the part close to the leaf stem;

[0150] (2) each region of the upper tobacco leaf is heat treated at 40° C. for 20 min until the moisture content is 8-10%, each region of the upper tobacco leaf after the heat treatment is crushed, passed through a 40-mesh sieve, and equilibrated for 24 h in an environment with a temperature of 28° C. and a relative humidity of 60%;

[0151] (3) The 20 regions of the treated upper tobacco leaves and the middle tobacco leaves were respectively tested for the main eight chemical components (total sugar, reducing sugar, nicotine, total nitrogen, petroleum ether extract, potassium, chlorine, and total phenolic substances) of each region according to the current national standards. Total sugar content: the detection method refers to "YC / T 159-2002", reducing sugar content: the detection method refers to "YC / T 159-2002", nicotine content: the detection method refers to "YC / T160-2002", total nitrogen content: the detection method refers to "YC / T 161-2002", petroleum ether extract content: the detection method refers to "YC / T 176-2003", potassium content: the detection method refers to "YC / T 217-2007", chlorine content: the detection method refers to "YC / T 162-2011", total phenolic substance content: the detection method refers to "YC / T202-2006";

[0152] (4) The data processing software was used to analyze the main chemical components of each section sample and the middle tobacco leaf after cutting. The results are shown in Table 5;

[0153] Table 5. Principal component scores and comprehensive quality evaluation indicators of upper tobacco leaves in each region and middle tobacco leaves in Xiangyun production area

[0154]

[0155]

[0156] As shown in Table 5, the upper tobacco leaves in the Xiangyun production area, after fine division by "grid zoning", the part close to the leaf stem (areas 7, 8, 9, 13, 14, and 15) is closer to the comprehensive quality of chemical composition of the middle tobacco leaves.

[0157] Comprehensive evaluation shows that from the main chemical components and comprehensive quality evaluation indicators of each area and middle tobacco leaves after "grid zoning" of upper tobacco leaves in different producing areas (Midu, Yongping, Xiangyun), the chemical composition quality of the middle part of the upper tobacco leaves (areas 7, 8, 9, 13, 14, and 15) is closer to that of the middle tobacco leaves. After treatment with the present invention, the composition coordination of some areas of the upper tobacco leaves (close to the leaf stems) is effectively improved, thereby improving the availability of the upper tobacco leaves.

[0158] The specific implementation methods of the invention are described in detail above, but they are only examples, and the invention is not limited to the specific implementation methods described above. For those skilled in the art, any equivalent modification or substitution of the invention is also within the scope of the invention, therefore, the equalization, modification, improvement, etc. made without departing from the spirit and principle of the invention should be included in the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A processing method for improving the usability of upper tobacco leaves of flue-cured tobacco, characterized in that: The processing method comprises: The upper tobacco leaves are used as raw materials, and the upper tobacco leaves are divided into regions by using grid partitioning, so that the leaf edge part of the upper tobacco leaves is separated from the part close to the leaf stem; The main chemical components of the upper tobacco leaves in each divided area were determined; Data processing software was used to perform principal component analysis on the main chemical components of each region of the upper tobacco leaves and the middle tobacco leaves, and the comprehensive quality of chemical components of samples from different sections of the upper tobacco leaves was compared with that of the middle tobacco leaves, and the regions with a more comprehensive quality of chemical components than the middle tobacco leaves were extracted.

2. The processing method for improving the usability of upper tobacco leaves of flue-cured tobacco according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper tobacco leaves were divided into 20 areas.

3. The processing method for improving the usability of upper tobacco leaves of flue-cured tobacco according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of dividing the upper tobacco leaves into regions using grid partitioning includes: The upper tobacco leaves after the main veins are removed are cut into three sections; Cut the leaf tip, middle leaf and base horizontally / vertically into 6, 8 and 6 areas respectively, and completely separate the upper tobacco leaf edge from the part close to the leaf stem; The various regions of the upper tobacco leaves are heat treated; and the various regions of the upper tobacco leaves after the heat treatment are crushed.

4. The processing method for improving the usability of upper tobacco leaves of flue-cured tobacco according to claim 3, characterized in that: The three-section cut is leaf tip, leaf middle and leaf base.

5. The processing method for improving the usability of upper tobacco leaves of flue-cured tobacco according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each area of ​​the upper tobacco leaf is heat treated at 40°C for 20 minutes until the moisture content is 8-10%.

6. The processing method for improving the usability of upper tobacco leaves of flue-cured tobacco according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each area of ​​the upper tobacco leaf after heat treatment was crushed, passed through a 40-mesh sieve, and balanced for 24 hours in an environment with a temperature of 28° C. and a relative humidity of 60%.

7. The processing method for improving the usability of upper tobacco leaves of flue-cured tobacco according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of extracting the area that is closer to the comprehensive quality of the chemical composition of central tobacco leaves includes: The applicability of factor analysis was tested by the test method, and three main factors with eigenvalues ​​greater than 1 were extracted using principal component analysis; According to the factor loading matrix and eigenvalue, the correlation coefficients of different indicators in the principal component are calculated to obtain the principal component expression; The comprehensive principal component value is calculated based on the principal component comprehensive model.

8. The processing method for improving the usability of upper tobacco leaves of flue-cured tobacco according to claim 7, characterized in that: Among them, three main factors included 94.52% of the chemical components, and the contribution rates of eight chemical component indicators including total sugar, reducing sugar, nicotine, total nitrogen, petroleum ether extract, potassium, chlorine and total phenolic substances were calculated.

9. The processing method for improving the usability of upper tobacco leaves of flue-cured tobacco according to claim 7, characterized in that: The three main factors were subjected to fifth-power maximum orthogonal rotation to obtain the factor loading matrix and the calculation results of factor eigenvalues ​​and contribution rates.

10. The processing method for improving the usability of upper tobacco leaves of flue-cured tobacco according to claim 7, characterized in that: The principal component comprehensive model is obtained based on the scores of each principal component calculated by the principal component expression and the ratio of the eigenvalues ​​corresponding to the three principal components to the sum of the total eigenvalues ​​of the extracted principal components as the weight.

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