A water ecological restoration system and restoration method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a water ecological restoration system and a restoration method, and belongs to the field of water treatment technology. A water ecological restoration system of the present invention includes a retaining wall arranged downstream of the intersection of a tributary and a river channel, wherein the retaining wall separates the river channel into a restoration channel and a main channel; the restoration channel is provided with a water inlet regulating mechanism, a sedimentation chamber, a filter dam, a biochemical treatment chamber, a first overflow dam, an oxygenation chamber, a second overflow dam, a biological protection chamber, and a water outlet regulating mechanism in sequence from upstream to downstream, a buffer pond is arranged on the river bank side of the biological protection chamber, a planting floating bed is arranged in the biological protection chamber, wetland plants are planted on the planting floating bed, and submerged plants are arranged on the bottom of the buffer pond. The present invention can provide shelter for aquatic organisms such as fish, and can also purify water bodies, has a good water ecological restoration effect, and can prevent floods from destroying facilities, and protect aquatic organisms during flooding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of water treatment, and in particular to a water ecological restoration system and a restoration method. Background Art

[0002] Affected by human activities, the water quality of many rivers has deteriorated, and the concentration of pollutants such as organic matter and eutrophic components in river water has increased, resulting in a decrease in oxygen content in the water body, a decrease in the number and species of aquatic organisms, and damage to the water ecology, especially in rivers with low flow rates. With the increase in environmental protection requirements, it is necessary to repair the water ecology of these rivers. The most important measures for water ecology restoration are to improve water quality, reduce pollutant concentrations, increase the oxygen content of river water, and promote the recovery of aquatic organisms.

[0003] Existing water ecological restoration facilities include various ecological floating beds, which float on the water surface. Generally speaking, due to the limited implementation cost, the volume and coverage area of ​​ecological floating beds are usually not too large, and they can only treat a small amount of river water, and cannot shelter aquatic animals such as fish, so the restoration effect is poor. In addition, when floods occur, traditional restoration facilities are easily washed away and difficult to maintain in the long term. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a water ecological restoration system and a restoration method, which can protect aquatic organisms, improve the restoration effect, and are not affected by small and medium-sized floods.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a water ecological restoration system, comprising a retaining wall arranged in a river channel, the retaining wall is located downstream of the intersection of the tributary and the river channel, the length direction of the retaining wall is consistent with the length direction of the river channel, and the retaining wall divides the river channel into a restoration channel and a main channel;

[0006] A water inlet regulating mechanism is provided upstream of the repair flow channel, a filter dam is provided downstream of the water inlet regulating mechanism, and a sand settling chamber is provided between the filter dam and the water inlet regulating mechanism;

[0007] The repair flow channel is provided with a first overflow dam and a second overflow dam, a biochemical treatment chamber is provided between the first overflow dam and the filter dam, and a biochemical treatment mechanism is provided in the biochemical treatment chamber; an oxygenation chamber is provided between the first overflow dam and the second overflow dam, and an oxygenation mechanism is provided in the oxygenation chamber;

[0008] An openable and closable water outlet regulating mechanism is provided downstream of the repair flow channel, a biological protection chamber is provided between the water outlet regulating mechanism and the second overflow dam, a buffer pond is provided on the river bank side of the biological protection chamber, a planting floating bed is provided in the biological protection chamber, wetland plants are planted on the planting floating bed, and submerged plants are provided at the bottom of the buffer pond.

[0009] Furthermore, the biochemical treatment chamber is divided into rectangular wave-shaped biochemical treatment channels by a plurality of vertical partition walls, and a suspension is provided on the top of the biochemical treatment channel, on which a packing belt is suspended.

[0010] Furthermore, the water inlet regulating mechanism and the water outlet regulating mechanism are both liftable gates.

[0011] Furthermore, the height of the second overflow dam is lower than that of the first overflow dam, the oxygenation mechanism includes a plurality of conveying troughs with U-shaped cross-sections and a plurality of mixing troughs, a plurality of overflow grooves are arranged on the top of the first overflow dam, one end of each conveying trough is connected to an overflow groove, and one end of two adjacent conveying troughs away from the overflow groove is connected to the mixing groove, so that the two adjacent conveying troughs and the mixing groove are distributed in a Y shape, and a plurality of drop holes are arranged on the side wall of the mixing groove.

[0012] Furthermore, a backwashing pipe network is provided in the filter dam, and the backwashing pipe network is connected to a backwashing pump.

[0013] Furthermore, a sediment depth detection mechanism is provided inside the sedimentation chamber, and the sediment depth detection mechanism is connected to a controller; a mud discharge pipe and an air flotation mechanism are provided at the bottom of the sedimentation chamber, and the mud discharge pipe is connected to a sludge pump, and the sludge pump and the air flotation mechanism are both connected to the controller; a slag removal mechanism is provided at the top of the sedimentation chamber.

[0014] Furthermore, the flotation mechanism includes an aeration plate, a plurality of aeration areas and a cutting blade capable of covering the aeration areas are arranged on the upper surface of the aeration plate, the aeration areas are provided with aeration micropores, the cutting blade is installed on a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is connected to a driving motor, and the driving motor is installed inside the aeration plate; the inner cavity of the aeration plate is connected to an air inlet pipe, the backwash pump is an air pump, and the air inlet pipe is connected to the backwash pump, and valves are arranged on the air inlet pipe and the backwash pipe network.

[0015] Furthermore, the slag removal mechanism includes a slag removal net, a support frame and a positioning shaft arranged on one side of the top of the sand settling chamber, the slag removal net is fixedly arranged on the surface of the support frame, one end of the support frame is fixedly installed on the positioning shaft, the positioning shaft is connected to a slag removal motor, and a slag pushing plate is arranged on the other side of the top of the sand settling chamber, and the slag pushing plate is connected to a telescopic mechanism.

[0016] The water ecological restoration method of the water ecological restoration system is as follows: after the tributaries merge into the river channel, the mixed river water flows to the retaining wall, and part of the river water enters the restoration channel through the water inlet regulating mechanism, and then passes through the sedimentation chamber for sedimentation, the filtration dam for filtration, the biochemical treatment chamber for treatment, and the oxygenation chamber for oxygenation, and then enters the biological protection chamber and the buffer pond, and then merges with the river water in the main channel, thereby reducing the pollutant concentration of the river water and increasing the oxygen content of the river water;

[0017] Bio-conservation chambers and buffer ponds serve as shelters for aquatic animals;

[0018] When the local meteorological system predicts that small or medium-sized floods are about to occur, aquatic animals will be lured into biological protection chambers and buffer ponds; when small or medium-sized floods arrive, the water inlet regulating mechanism and the water outlet regulating mechanism will respectively close the upstream and downstream of the repair channel to prevent the flood from entering the repair channel.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] 1. River water pollution is usually caused by the pollution components carried by various tributaries flowing into the river channel, resulting in a high concentration of pollutants in the downstream river water. The present invention constructs a water ecological restoration system downstream of the intersection of the tributaries and the river channel, and filters, biochemically treats, oxygenates and plants the part of the river water, which can effectively improve the water quality of this part of the river water. After this part of the river water merges with the river water in the main channel, it can dilute the river water in the main channel, reduce the concentration of pollutants in the river water in the main channel, and increase the oxygen content, which is conducive to promoting the restoration of the self-purification ability of the river.

[0021] 2. When tributaries merge into the river, they bring a lot of nutrients. Therefore, aquatic organisms such as fish in the river like to live at the intersection of tributaries and rivers. In the present invention, a buffer pond and a biological protection chamber are set downstream of the repaired flow channel. The buffer pond and the biological protection chamber form an artificial river backwater bay, which can encourage fish to gather. The river water after the repaired flow channel has good water quality and high oxygen content. The buffer pond and the biological protection chamber are in an area with a gentle water flow, which can provide fish and other aquatic organisms for survival and reproduction. When fish eat, they forage at the intersection of tributaries and rivers. When they do not need to eat or reproduce, they can stay in the buffer pond and the biological protection chamber. This allows fish to obtain sufficient food and have an excellent living environment, which is conducive to the ecological recovery of aquatic animals.

[0022] 3. It is well known that floods can cause drastic changes in water quality and increase the speed of water flow, especially when tributaries merge into the river, the water flow impacts, seriously affecting the normal survival of fish. In the present invention, when a flood is about to occur, aquatic organisms such as fish are lured to the buffer pond and the biological protection cavity, and the upstream and downstream of the repair flow channel can be closed by using the water inlet regulating mechanism and the water outlet regulating mechanism, so that it is not connected to the main flow channel. When the flood comes, it will not enter the repair flow channel, will not wash away the facilities in the repair flow channel, and will not affect the ecology in the buffer pond and the biological protection cavity, thereby preventing the flood from causing damage to aquatic animals such as fish.

[0023] 4. The present invention provides a planting floating bed in the biological protection cavity, on which wetland plants are planted, and submerged plants are provided at the bottom of the buffer pond. The wetland plants and submerged plants can absorb nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the water to prevent eutrophication of the water body. In addition, the planting floating bed is on the water surface and can shield the water surface. Fishes living under the planting floating bed have a sense of security. The buffer pond rich in submerged plants is also suitable for fish inhabitation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is a top view schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is a side view schematic diagram of the repaired flow channel;

[0026] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of part B;

[0027] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of part C;

[0028] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 Schematic cross-sectional view of AA in the figure;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a top view schematic diagram of the aeration plate;

[0030] Figure 7 is a top view schematic diagram of the oxygenation chamber;

[0031] Figure numerals: 1-retaining wall; 2-repair channel; 3-main channel; 4-filtration dam; 5-sedimentation chamber; 6-first overflow dam; 7-second overflow dam; 8-biochemical treatment chamber; 9-oxygenation chamber; 10-biological protection chamber; 11-buffer pond; 12-planting floating bed; 13-wetland plant; 14-submerged plant; 15-partition wall; 16-suspension; 17-filling belt; 18-liftable gate; 19-transportation trough; 20-mixing trough; 21-overflow ditch; 22—backwashing pipe network; 23—backwashing pump; 24—slag pusher plate; 25—sediment depth detection mechanism; 26—controller; 27—sludge discharge pipe; 28—sludge pump; 29—aeration plate; 30—aeration area; 31—cutting blade; 32—rotating shaft; 33—driving motor; 34—intake pipe; 35—positioning shaft; 36—slag removal net; 37—support frame; 38—slag removal motor; 39—telescopic mechanism; 100—river channel; 110—tributary. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0033] A water ecological restoration system of the present invention, such as Figures 1 to 7As shown, it includes a retaining wall 1 set in the river channel 100, the retaining wall 1 is located downstream of the intersection of the tributary 110 and the river channel 100, the length direction of the retaining wall 1 is consistent with the length direction of the river channel 100, and the retaining wall 1 divides the river channel 100 into a repair channel 2 and a main channel 3. The retaining wall 1 can be an ecological wall, for example, two rows of wooden piles are used, and sandbags are filled between the two rows of wooden piles. The height of the retaining wall 1 is higher than the liquid level during a medium-sized flood, which can prevent the water in the main channel 3 from entering the repair channel 2. The width of the repair channel 2 is determined according to the pollution degree of the river. If the pollution degree is large, the width of the repair channel 2 is appropriately widened, but the width of the repair channel 2 is less than or equal to 1 / 3 of the total width of the river channel 100 to avoid the main channel 3 being too narrow and affecting flood discharge. The total length of the repair channel 2 is usually 50 m to 100 m, which is determined according to the pollution degree of the river. The larger the pollution degree, the longer the length of the repair channel 2.

[0034] A water inlet regulating mechanism is provided upstream of the repair channel 2, a filter dam 4 is provided downstream of the water inlet regulating mechanism, and a sedimentation chamber 5 is provided between the filter dam 4 and the water inlet regulating mechanism. The water inlet regulating mechanism is used to regulate the amount of river water entering the repair channel 2 so that the water level in the repair channel 2 remains stable. In addition, when a flood occurs, the water inlet regulating mechanism can completely close the upstream of the repair channel 2 to prevent the flood from entering the repair channel 2. The filter dam 4 has a filtering function, and the river water can pass through the filter dam 4, but the solid particle impurities can be filtered out. The filter dam 4 can adopt various existing dam structures with filtering functions. As a preferred embodiment, the filter dam 4 of the present invention adopts multiple modular filter fillers, that is, the fillers are loaded into the mesh box. When installing, the mesh box can be directly fixed in the repair channel 2, which is very convenient for construction, and later replacement and maintenance are also very convenient. The filter filler adopts quartz sand particles, volcanic stone particles, etc. The sedimentation chamber 5 is used to remove silt in the river water to prevent a large amount of silt from entering the downstream cavity of the repair channel 2.

[0035] The repair channel 2 is provided with a first overflow dam 6 and a second overflow dam 7. The first overflow dam 6 and the second overflow dam 7 adopt a dam body that is not easy to penetrate water. Specifically, two rows of wooden piles can be used, and fine sand is filled between the two rows of wooden piles. This dam body structure is ecological and environmentally friendly, and will not produce construction waste such as concrete when replaced later. A biochemical treatment chamber 8 is provided between the first overflow dam 6 and the filter dam 4. A biochemical treatment mechanism is provided in the biochemical treatment chamber 8. The biochemical treatment mechanism is used to perform biochemical treatment on river water, mainly using microorganisms to decompose organic matter in river water. An aeration chamber 9 is provided between the first overflow dam 6 and the second overflow dam 7. An aeration mechanism is provided in the aeration chamber 9. The aeration mechanism can increase the oxygen content in the water, ensure the normal growth and reproduction of aquatic organisms, and prevent eutrophication of the water body. The river water in the biochemical treatment chamber 8 overflows from the top of the first overflow dam 6 to the aeration chamber 9, and the river water in the aeration chamber 9 overflows from the top of the second overflow dam 7 to the downstream cavity.

[0036] An openable and closable water outlet regulating mechanism is provided downstream of the repair channel 2, which can close the downstream of the repair channel 2 to prevent water in the main channel 3 from entering the repair channel 2. A biological protection chamber 10 is provided between the water outlet regulating mechanism and the second overflow dam 7, and a buffer pond 11 is provided on the river bank side of the biological protection chamber 10. The biological protection chamber 10 and the buffer pond 11 can provide shelter for aquatic organisms such as fish. The water quality of the river water treated by the sedimentation chamber 5, the biochemical treatment chamber 8, and the oxygenation chamber 9 is improved, and the oxygen content is increased, which is suitable for the survival of aquatic organisms. A planting floating bed 12 is arranged in the biological protection chamber 10. The planting floating bed 12 can adopt the existing technology. The planting floating bed 12 only needs to cover part of the water surface of the biological protection chamber 10. Wet plants 13 are planted on the planting floating bed 12. The wet plants 13 can be one or more of the following: water lily, water lily, bitter grass, verticillata, comb-toothed pondweed, foxtail algae, etc. The bottom of the buffer pond 11 is provided with submerged plants 14. The submerged plants 14 can be one or more of the following: duckweed, bitter algae, black algae, foxtail algae, lantern algae, pondweed, thorn algae, bladderwort, etc. In addition, emergent plants such as lotus, reed, cattail, calamus, water onion, etc. can also be planted in the buffer pond 11. During the growth process of the wet plants 13 and the submerged plants 14, nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the water are absorbed to further prevent eutrophication of the river water. At the same time, the abundant vegetation can provide a variety of aquatic animals for growth, which is conducive to restoring biodiversity and providing food for fish.

[0037] River water pollution is usually caused by pollutants carried by various tributaries flowing into the river channel 100, resulting in a high concentration of pollutants in the downstream river water. The present invention constructs a water ecological restoration system downstream of the intersection of the tributary 110 and the river channel 100, and filters, biochemically treats, oxygenates and plants ecologically treats part of the river water, which can effectively improve the water quality of this part of the river water. After this part of the river water merges with the river water in the main channel 3, it can dilute the river water in the main channel 3, reduce the overall pollutant concentration of the river water, and increase the oxygen content, which is beneficial to promoting the river to restore its self-purification ability.

[0038] When tributaries merge into the river, they bring a lot of nutrients, so aquatic organisms such as fish in the river like to live at the intersection of tributaries and rivers. In the present invention, a buffer pond 11 and a biological protection chamber 10 are set downstream of the repaired flow channel 2. The buffer pond 11 and the biological protection chamber 10 form an artificial river backwater bay, which is a place suitable for fish to live and can attract fish to gather. The river water after the repaired flow channel has good water quality and high oxygen content, and the buffer pond 11 and the biological protection chamber 10 are in an area with a gentle water flow, which can be used for fish and other aquatic organisms to survive and reproduce. When fish eat, they forage at the intersection of tributaries and rivers. When they do not need to eat or reproduce, they can stay in the buffer pond 11 and the biological protection chamber 10, so that fish can obtain sufficient food and have an excellent living environment, which is conducive to the ecological recovery of aquatic animals.

[0039] It is well known that floods can cause drastic changes in water quality, such as a large increase in sediment, nitrogen and phosphorus, a decrease in oxygen content, and an increase in water flow speed, especially when the tributary 110 merges into the river 100, the water flow impacts, seriously affecting the normal survival of fish. In the present invention, when a flood is about to occur, aquatic organisms such as fish are lured to the buffer pond 11 and the biological protection chamber 10, and the upstream and downstream of the repair flow channel 2 can be closed by using the water inlet regulating mechanism and the water outlet regulating mechanism, and it is not connected to the main flow channel 3. When the flood comes, it will not enter the repair flow channel 2, and will not destroy the facilities in the repair flow channel 2. At the same time, it will not affect the ecology in the buffer pond 11 and the biological protection chamber 10, preventing the flood from causing damage to aquatic animals such as fish.

[0040] The backwater bay itself is a place suitable for fish to gather. The present invention also arranges a planting floating bed 12 in the biological protection cavity. The planting floating bed 12 is on the water surface and can shield the water surface. Fish live under the planting floating bed 12 and have a sense of security. The buffer pond 11 rich in submerged plants 14 is also suitable for fish to live.

[0041] The invention is particularly suitable for water ecological restoration of low-flow-rate rivers.

[0042] In order to prolong the residence time of river water in the biochemical treatment chamber 8, the biochemical treatment chamber 8 is divided into a rectangular wave biochemical treatment channel by a plurality of vertical partition walls 15. The structure of the partition wall 15 is the same as that of the first overflow dam 6 and the second overflow dam 7. A suspension 16 is arranged on the top of the biochemical treatment channel. The suspension 16 can be made of a plurality of horizontally arranged stainless steel beams. A filler belt 17 is suspended on the suspension 16. The filler belt 17 can be made of a common braided filler. The surface of the filler belt 17 can be attached to microorganisms. During the growth of microorganisms, organic matter in the water can be consumed to reduce the concentration of organic matter.

[0043] The water inlet regulating mechanism and the water outlet regulating mechanism are both liftable gates 18. The liftable gates 18 can use existing gates. Normally, the liftable gates 18 are at a suitable height, and the river water can pass from under the liftable gates 18. When a flood occurs, the liftable gates 18 are lowered to the ground to close the upstream and downstream of the repair channel 2.

[0044] The oxygenation mechanism can adopt various aeration mechanisms, but the aeration mechanism consumes electric energy when in operation, and the operation cost is high. As a preferred embodiment, the height of the second overflow dam 7 is lower than the height of the first overflow dam 6, so the liquid level of the biochemical treatment chamber 8 is higher than the liquid level of the oxygenation chamber 9, and the oxygenation mechanism includes a plurality of conveying troughs 19 with U-shaped cross-sections and a plurality of mixing troughs 20, and the conveying troughs 19 and the mixing troughs 20 can be stainless steel troughs or plastic troughs. A plurality of overflow grooves 21 are arranged on the top of the first overflow dam 6, one end of each conveying trough 19 is connected to an overflow groove 21, and the ends of two adjacent conveying grooves 19 away from the overflow groove 21 are connected to the mixing groove 20, so that the two adjacent conveying grooves 19 and the mixing groove 20 are distributed in a Y shape, and the side wall of the mixing groove 20 is provided with a plurality of drop holes. The river water in the biochemical treatment chamber 8 enters each overflow ditch 21, then enters each conveying trough 19, and flows along the conveying trough 19. Since the ends of two adjacent conveying troughs 19 are connected, the water flow directions of the two conveying troughs 19 are at an acute angle. When the two streams of water meet in the mixing trough 20, they collide and splash with each other, so that the water and the air are fully in contact, thereby increasing the oxygen content in the water. In the process of flowing in the mixing trough 20, the river water gradually falls into the oxygenation chamber 9 through the drop hole. Since the river water is dispersed and falls, the contact area with the air is further increased, and the oxygen in the air can enter the water.

[0045] As the system runs, the filter dam 4 is gradually clogged. In order to clean the solid impurities trapped in the filter dam 4, a backwashing pipe network 22 is provided in the filter dam 4, and the backwashing pipe network 22 is connected to a backwashing pump 23. The backwashing pipe network 22 is provided with multiple outlets toward the sand settling chamber 5. The backwashing pump 23 can transport the flushing medium to the backwashing pipe network 22, and the flushing medium then enters the filter dam 4 to flush the solid impurities trapped in the filter dam 4 into the sand settling chamber 5 to prevent the filter dam 4 from being blocked.

[0046] The sediment at the bottom of the sedimentation chamber 5 gradually accumulates and needs to be cleaned in time. In order to facilitate monitoring of the sediment thickness, a sediment depth detection mechanism 25 is provided inside the sedimentation chamber 5. The sediment depth detection mechanism 25 is connected to a controller 26. The sediment depth detection mechanism 25 can be a device for detecting the water depth. The sediment depth can be calculated according to the liquid level and the water depth. The sediment depth detection mechanism 25 has a high operating frequency, but a low operating power. A solar panel can be provided to power the controller 26 and the sediment depth detection mechanism 25. A mud discharge pipe 27 and an air flotation mechanism are provided at the bottom of the sedimentation chamber 5. The mud discharge pipe 27 is connected to a sludge pump 28. The sludge pump 28 and the air flotation mechanism are both connected to the controller 26. A slag removal mechanism is provided at the top of the sedimentation chamber 5. The mud depth detection mechanism 25 transmits the detection signal to the controller 26. The controller 26 determines whether the sediment needs to be cleaned according to the detection structure. When the sediment needs to be cleaned, the controller 26 automatically controls the sludge pump 28 to operate and pump out the sediment through the mud discharge pipe 27.

[0047] The solid suspended matter that is not easy to settle in the river water is intercepted by the filter dam 4 and stays in the sand settling chamber 5. After the filter dam 4 is backwashed, the solid suspended matter in the filter dam 4 also enters the sand settling chamber 5, resulting in a high concentration of suspended matter in the sand settling chamber 5. Therefore, the present invention is also provided with an air flotation mechanism. The backwashing pump 23 and the air flotation mechanism can also be connected to the controller 26 and automatically controlled by the controller 26. When the sediment depth reaches the cleaning requirement, the controller 26 first controls the backwashing pump 23 to operate, and the filter dam 4 is backwashed. The solid debris backwashed out, part of it sinks to the bottom of the sand settling chamber 5, and part of it is suspended in the sand settling chamber 5. After the backwashing is completed, the controller 26 controls the sludge pump 28 to operate and discharge the sand. After the sand discharge is completed, the controller 26 controls the air flotation mechanism to operate, and the air flotation mechanism generates a large number of tiny bubbles. The suspended matter in the sand settling chamber 5 is air-floated to the liquid surface, and finally the scum on the liquid surface of the sand settling chamber 5 is removed by the slag removal mechanism. In addition, after the air flotation treatment, the oxygen content in the river water will also increase.

[0048] The flotation mechanism can adopt various existing flotation equipment. Conventional flotation equipment needs to be provided with air holes for microbubbles to be discharged. However, since the flotation mechanism is installed at the bottom of the sedimentation chamber 5, the precipitated silt is easy to block the air holes. In order to prevent the air holes from being blocked, the flotation mechanism of the present invention includes an aeration plate 29, and the upper surface of the aeration plate 29 is provided with a plurality of aeration areas 30 and a cutting blade 31 capable of covering the aeration area 30, and the aeration area 30 is provided with aeration micropores. The upper surface of the aeration plate 29 is arranged horizontally. When the flotation mechanism is not in operation, the cutting blade 31 covers the aeration area 30 and slides with the aeration area 30 to prevent the silt from covering the aeration area 30 and blocking the aeration micropores. The cutting blade 31 is installed on the rotating shaft 32, and the rotating shaft 32 is connected to the driving motor 33, and the driving motor 33 is installed inside the aeration plate 29. A waterproof installation cavity can be isolated inside the aeration plate 29, and the driving motor 33 is installed in the installation cavity. The inner cavity of the aeration plate 29 is connected with an air inlet pipe 34 . The backwash pump 23 is an air pump. The air inlet pipe 34 is connected with the backwash pump 23 . Valves are provided on the air inlet pipe 34 and the backwash pipe network 22 .

[0049] The backwash pump 23 can be a water pump, which can be installed in the biochemical treatment chamber 8. In order to reduce the number of equipment, in the present invention, the backwash pump 23 adopts an air pump, which can not only transport external air to the backwash pipe network 22 to backwash the filter dam 4, but also transport air to the aeration disk 29. The air is discharged from the aeration micropores to form a large number of microbubbles. The microbubbles flow upward and drive the suspended matter to the liquid surface. During the flotation process, the smaller the diameter of the bubble and the wider the distribution range of the bubble, the better the removal effect of the suspended matter. During the flotation, the driving motor 33 drives the cutting blade 31 to rotate through the rotating shaft 32, which can cut the gas discharged from the aeration micropores, break up the bubbles, and form more and smaller bubbles. When the cutting blade 31 rotates, it drives the surrounding water to generate a vortex, which can transport the bubbles to a farther position and promote the dispersion of the bubbles. Under the condition that the aeration disk 29 occupies a small area, a larger range of flotation treatment can also be achieved.

[0050] The slag removal mechanism can adopt various existing scrapers. Conventional scrapers are inefficient. The slag removal mechanism of the present invention includes a slag removal net 36, a support frame 37, and a positioning shaft 35 arranged on one side of the top of the sand settling chamber 5. The support frame 37 can be a wire mesh, and the slag removal net 36 can be a flexible net or cloth that can filter water. The slag removal net 36 is fixedly arranged on the surface of the support frame 37, and the slag removal net 36 covers the support frame 37. When the support frame 37 is in a horizontal position, it can cover at least half of the liquid surface area of ​​the sand settling chamber 5. One end of the support frame 37 is fixedly installed on the positioning shaft 35, and the positioning shaft 35 is connected to a slag removal motor 38. A slag pusher plate 24 is arranged on the other side of the top of the sand settling chamber 5, and the slag pusher plate 24 is connected to a telescopic mechanism 39. The positioning shaft 35 is installed on the side close to the river bank, and the slag pusher plate 24 is arranged on the side close to the retaining wall 1. When slag removal is not required, the support frame 37 is in a vertical state and is located inside the sand settling chamber 5, close to the side wall of the sand settling chamber 5, and the slag pushing plate 24 is in contact with the other side wall of the sand settling chamber 5; when slag removal is required, the telescopic mechanism 39 is used to push the slag pushing plate 24 to move horizontally, and the lower side of the slag pushing plate 24 is located below the liquid surface, and the upper side is located above the liquid surface. When the slag pushing plate 24 moves in the direction of the positioning shaft 35, the slag on the liquid surface can be moved in the direction of the positioning shaft 35, and the slag pushing plate 24 moves a suitable distance and then returns to When the slag removal net 36 reaches the initial position, the slag removal motor 38 drives the positioning shaft 35 to rotate, and the positioning shaft 35 drives the support frame 37 and the slag removal net 36 to gradually rotate upward. When the slag removal net 36 reaches the liquid level, the slag removal net 36 continues to rotate upward to remove the slag on the liquid level. The slag removal net 36 continues to rotate, and the total rotation angle of the positioning shaft 35 is between 180° and 270°. When the support frame 37 contacts the river bank, the slag on the slag removal net 36 falls on the river bank, and the slag on the slag removal net 36 can be cleaned with manual assistance. After cleaning, the slag removal motor 38 drives the positioning shaft 35 to reverse, and the slag removal net 36 and the slag removal motor 38 are reset. The telescopic mechanism 39 can be a common device such as a cylinder.

[0051] The water ecological restoration method of the present invention adopts the above-mentioned water ecological restoration system. After the tributary 110 merges into the river channel 100, the mixed river water flows to the retaining wall 1, and part of the river water enters the restoration flow channel 2 through the water inlet regulation mechanism, and then enters the biological protection chamber 10 and the buffer pond 11 after being sedimented in the sedimentation chamber 5, filtered by the filter dam 4, treated by the biochemical treatment chamber 8, and oxygenated by the oxygenation chamber 9, and then merges with the river water in the main channel 3, reducing the pollutant concentration of the river water and increasing the oxygen content of the river water. After treatment, the water quality in the biological protection chamber 10 and the buffer pond 11 is improved, which is suitable for the growth of aquatic organisms.

[0052] The biological protection chamber 10 and the buffer pond 11 form an artificial backwater bay as a shelter for aquatic animals. When there is an artificial wetland nearby, the outlet of the artificial wetland can be connected to the buffer pond 11.

[0053] When the local meteorological system predicts that a small or medium-sized flood is about to occur, aquatic animals are lured to the biological protection chamber 10 and the buffer pond 11, and the luring means can be adopted by existing technology. When a small or medium-sized flood arrives, the water inlet regulating mechanism and the water outlet regulating mechanism will respectively close the upstream and downstream of the repair channel 2 to prevent the flood from entering the repair channel 2. At this time, the biological protection chamber 10 and the buffer pond 11 are independent water bodies and are not affected by external floods. The aquatic organisms in the biological protection chamber 10 and the buffer pond 11 can survive normally and are not affected by the flood. In the present invention, a small or medium-sized flood refers to a flood with a flood element recurrence period equal to or less than 10 years, and the main channel 3 can complete the discharge of small or medium-sized floods.

[0054] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water ecological restoration system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a retaining wall (1) arranged in a river channel (100), wherein the retaining wall (1) is located downstream of the intersection of a tributary (110) and the river channel (100), the length direction of the retaining wall (1) is consistent with the length direction of the river channel (100), and the retaining wall (1) divides the river channel (100) into a repair channel (2) and a main channel (3); A water inlet regulating mechanism is provided upstream of the repair flow channel (2), a filter dam (4) is provided downstream of the water inlet regulating mechanism, and a sand settling chamber (5) is provided between the filter dam (4) and the water inlet regulating mechanism; A first overflow dam (6) and a second overflow dam (7) are provided in the repair flow channel (2); a biochemical treatment chamber (8) is provided between the first overflow dam (6) and the filter dam (4); a biochemical treatment mechanism is provided in the biochemical treatment chamber (8); an oxygenation chamber (9) is provided between the first overflow dam (6) and the second overflow dam (7); an oxygenation mechanism is provided in the oxygenation chamber (9); An openable and closable water outlet regulating mechanism is provided downstream of the repair flow channel (2); a biological protection chamber (10) is provided between the water outlet regulating mechanism and the second overflow dam (7); a buffer pond (11) is provided on the river bank side of the biological protection chamber (10); a planting floating bed (12) is provided in the biological protection chamber (10); wetland plants (13) are planted on the planting floating bed (12); and submerged plants (14) are provided at the bottom of the buffer pond (11); The height of the second overflow dam (7) is lower than that of the first overflow dam (6); the oxygenation mechanism comprises a plurality of conveying troughs (19) with U-shaped cross sections and a plurality of mixing troughs (20); a plurality of overflow grooves (21) are arranged on the top of the first overflow dam (6); one end of each conveying trough (19) is connected to an overflow groove (21), and one end of two adjacent conveying troughs (19) away from the overflow groove (21) is connected to the mixing groove (20), so that the two adjacent conveying troughs (19) and the mixing groove (20) are distributed in a Y shape; and a plurality of water drop holes are arranged on the side wall of the mixing groove (20).

2. A water ecological restoration system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The biochemical treatment chamber (8) is divided into a rectangular wave-shaped biochemical treatment channel by a plurality of vertical partition walls (15); a suspension (16) is provided on the top of the biochemical treatment channel, and a packing belt (17) is suspended on the suspension (16).

3. A water ecological restoration system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet regulating mechanism and the water outlet regulating mechanism are both liftable gates (18).

4. A water ecological restoration system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A backwashing pipe network (22) is provided in the filter dam (4), and the backwashing pipe network (22) is connected to a backwashing pump (23).

5. A water ecological restoration system as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: A sediment depth detection mechanism (25) is provided inside the sedimentation chamber (5), and the sediment depth detection mechanism (25) is connected to a controller (26); a mud discharge pipe (27) and an air flotation mechanism are provided at the bottom of the sedimentation chamber (5), and the mud discharge pipe (27) is connected to a sludge pump (28), and the sludge pump (28) and the air flotation mechanism are both connected to the controller (26); and a slag removal mechanism is provided at the top of the sedimentation chamber (5).

6. A water ecological restoration system as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The air flotation mechanism comprises an aeration plate (29), the upper surface of the aeration plate (29) being provided with a plurality of aeration areas (30) and a cutting blade (31) capable of covering the aeration areas (30), the aeration areas (30) being provided with aeration micropores, the cutting blade (31) being mounted on a rotating shaft (32), the rotating shaft (32) being connected to a driving motor (33), and the driving motor (33) being mounted inside the aeration plate (29); an air inlet pipe (34) being connected to the inner cavity of the aeration plate (29), the backwashing pump (23) being an air pump, and the air inlet pipe (34) being connected to the backwashing pump (23), and valves being provided on the air inlet pipe (34) and the backwashing pipe network (22).

7. A water ecological restoration system as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The slag removal mechanism comprises a slag removal net (36), a support frame (37), and a positioning shaft (35) arranged on one side of the top of the sand settling chamber (5); the slag removal net (36) is fixedly arranged on the surface of the support frame (37); one end of the support frame (37) is fixedly mounted on the positioning shaft (35); the positioning shaft (35) is connected to a slag removal motor (38); a slag pushing plate (24) is arranged on the other side of the top of the sand settling chamber (5); and the slag pushing plate (24) is connected to a telescopic mechanism (39).

8. The water ecological restoration method using the water ecological restoration system of claim 1 is characterized by: After the tributary (110) merges into the river channel (100), the mixed river water flows to the retaining wall (1), and part of the river water enters the restoration channel (2) through the water inlet regulating mechanism, and then passes through the sedimentation chamber (5) for sedimentation, the filtration dam (4) for filtration, the biochemical treatment chamber (8) for treatment, and the oxygenation chamber (9) for oxygenation, and then enters the biological protection chamber (10) and the buffer pond (11), and then merges with the river water in the main channel (3), thereby reducing the concentration of pollutants in the river water and increasing the oxygen content in the river water; The bio-protection chamber (10) and the buffer pond (11) serve as shelters for aquatic animals; When the local meteorological system predicts that a small or medium-sized flood is about to occur, aquatic animals are lured to the biological protection chamber (10) and the buffer pond (11); when a small or medium-sized flood arrives, the water inlet regulating mechanism and the water outlet regulating mechanism respectively close the upstream and downstream of the repair flow channel (2) to prevent the flood from entering the repair flow channel (2).

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