A geotechnical engineering based percussive drilling apparatus and method

Abstract

The application discloses a rock-soil engineering-based percussion drilling device and method, and relates to the rock-soil drilling technical field. The bottom of the annular accommodating seat is uniformly provided with a plurality of installation bottom plates, the inside of each installation bottom plate is penetrated by two ground nails, the sidewall of the annular accommodating seat is uniformly provided with a plurality of placing boxes, and the top of the annular accommodating seat is uniformly provided with a plurality of U-shaped clamping seats. Through the cooperation between the percussion drill bit, the percussion drill rod, the guide mechanism and the calibration mechanism, the guide mechanism and the calibration mechanism are cooperated with each other in the process that the percussion drill bit and the percussion drill rod are impacted downward by the external percussion hammer, the percussion drill bit and the percussion drill rod are guided, the percussion drill bit and the percussion drill rod can always penetrate the rock-soil layer below along the preset vertical downward direction, drilling operation is carried out, deviation is avoided, and the drilling quality is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of rock-soil drilling, in particular to an impact drilling device and method based on rock-soil engineering. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous expansion of the field of rock-soil engineering, such as the increasing number of tunnel construction, mining and geological exploration projects, the requirements for drilling technology are also increasing. Impact drilling devices, with their strong crushing capacity and good adaptability, have shown excellent performance in hard rock and complex strata, and have become an indispensable tool in the field of rock-soil engineering.

[0003] Referring to the vibration impact drilling device disclosed in the patent application with publication number CN208749284U, a buffer capable of extending left and right is provided between the left and right fixed pulleys, and the steel wire rope is connected to the buffer pulley to connect the vibration impact drill bit. In this way, when the vibration impact drill bit is working, the excessive impact force generated will be partially absorbed by the buffer, without causing a large impact on the motor, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the overall equipment. It can be seen that the device is reliable, simple to operate, portable, and fast for sampling, and solves the practical difficulties of field sampling work.

[0004] Based on the analysis of the above reference patents, the following defects can be obtained:

[0005] The existing impact drilling device and method based on rock-soil engineering are usually composed of a power mechanism, a traction mechanism, an impact hammer, an impact drill bit and an impact drill rod. The power mechanism and the traction mechanism cooperate to pull the impact hammer downward intermittently, impact the impact drill bit and the impact drill rod downward, and perform drilling operation. During the drilling process, it is difficult to stably and effectively guide the impact drill bit and the impact drill rod of various outer diameters, which causes the drill bit and the drill rod to deviate from the preset vertical direction when being impacted downward, thereby affecting the drilling quality. Therefore, it is necessary to provide an impact drilling device and method based on rock-soil engineering to solve the above technical problems. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides an impact drilling device and method based on rock-soil engineering, which solves the problem that it is difficult to stably and effectively guide the impact drill bit and the impact drill rod of various outer diameters during the drilling process, which causes the drill bit and the drill rod to deviate from the preset vertical direction when being impacted downward, thereby affecting the drilling quality.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present application realizes the following technical scheme: an impact drilling device based on rock-soil engineering, comprising:

[0008] The utility model relates to an impact drill bit, which is used for penetrating rock-soil layers for drilling operation, and an impact drill rod is threadedly connected to the top of the impact drill bit for transmitting power to the impact drill bit.

[0009] A guide mechanism is arranged on the ground surface of the rock-soil layer for guiding the impact drill bit and the impact drill rod, which are penetrated in the middle of the guide mechanism.

[0010] A calibration mechanism is arranged on the upper part of the guide mechanism for calibrating the impact drill bit and the impact drill rod during drilling.

[0011] Preferably, the guide mechanism comprises a ring-shaped accommodating seat, a plurality of mounting bottom plates are uniformly and fixedly arranged on the bottom of the ring-shaped accommodating seat, two ground nails are penetrated in the inside of each mounting bottom plate, a plurality of placing boxes are uniformly and fixedly arranged on the side wall of the ring-shaped accommodating seat, a plurality of U-shaped clamping seats are uniformly and fixedly arranged on the top of the ring-shaped accommodating seat, a plurality of positioning holes are uniformly and formed on the top front end of the ring-shaped accommodating seat, an adjusting assembly is arranged in the inside of the ring-shaped accommodating seat, and a plurality of guide frame assemblies are uniformly arranged on the inside of the ring-shaped accommodating seat.

[0012] Preferably, the adjusting assembly comprises a plurality of racks, each rack is slidingly penetrated between the inner wall of the ring-shaped accommodating seat and the inside of the corresponding placing box, a gear ring is rotationally arranged between the lower side walls of the inner cavity of the ring-shaped accommodating seat, a plurality of first gears are rotationally arranged between the upper and lower walls of the inner cavity of the ring-shaped accommodating seat, the lower part of each first gear is engaged with the gear ring, and the upper part of each first gear is engaged with the corresponding rack.

[0013] Preferably, a second gear is rotationally arranged between the upper and lower walls of the front part of the inner cavity of the ring-shaped accommodating seat, the second gear is engaged with the gear ring, a shaft rod is fixedly arranged on the top of the second gear, the shaft rod is rotationally penetrated through the top of the ring-shaped accommodating seat and fixedly provided with a hand wheel, a connecting disc is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the shaft rod, the connecting disc is located between the ring-shaped accommodating seat and the hand wheel, a latch is slidingly penetrated through one side of the top of the connecting disc, and the bottom of the latch is penetrated in one of the positioning holes.

[0014] Preferably, each guide frame assembly comprises an L-shaped plate, the side of the L-shaped plate close to the inner wall of the ring-shaped accommodating seat is fixedly connected with the end of the corresponding rack, a limiting plate is fixedly arranged on the side of the L-shaped plate close to the inner wall of the ring-shaped accommodating seat, the limiting plate is slidingly penetrated in the corresponding U-shaped clamping seat, and a plurality of first scale lines are uniformly arranged on the top of the limiting plate.

[0015] Preferably, the L-shaped plate is fixedly provided with arc-shaped guide plates on the upper and lower parts of the side away from the limiting plate, a plurality of rolling balls are uniformly arranged on the side of the arc-shaped guide plates away from the L-shaped plate, the top of the L-shaped plate is fixedly provided with a first U-shaped guide rail, and the top of the first U-shaped guide rail is provided with a second U-shaped guide rail through two locking bolts.

[0016] Preferably, the calibration mechanism comprises a calibration cover body, a plurality of locking screws are uniformly and threadedly penetrated through the side wall of the calibration cover body, a plurality of connecting sleeves are uniformly and fixedly arranged on the side wall of the calibration cover body, the plurality of connecting sleeves and the plurality of locking screws are alternately distributed, and a square rod is slidably penetrated in each connecting sleeve.

[0017] Preferably, the end of each square rod away from the calibration cover body is fixedly provided with a calibration block, each calibration block is slidably penetrated between the corresponding first U-shaped guide rail and the second U-shaped guide rail, a plurality of through holes are uniformly arranged in the square rod, and a positioning bolt is threadedly penetrated on one side of each connecting sleeve.

[0018] Preferably, one end of the positioning bolt is threadedly penetrated in the corresponding through hole, an impact-resistant block is detachably arranged on the top of the calibration cover body, a plurality of second scale lines are arranged on the side wall of each square rod, and a plurality of mark lines are uniformly arranged on the surface of the locking screw, which are used for marking the position of the locking screw.

[0019] The application also provides an impact drilling method based on geotechnical engineering, and the impact drilling device based on geotechnical engineering is adopted.

[0020] Step one, install the guide mechanism to the specified position on the ground, then manually operate the adjusting assembly to adjust the spacing between the plurality of guide frame assemblies, so that the plurality of guide frame assemblies are simultaneously close to or away from each other until the plurality of guide frame assemblies are adjusted to the specified position, so as to adapt to the impact drill bit and impact drill rod with the corresponding outer diameter, then the calibration mechanism is sleeved on the top of the impact drill bit, the calibration mechanism is adjusted, the impact drill bit is locked in the inner cavity of the calibration mechanism, then the calibration mechanism is adjusted, so that after the impact drill bit is inserted between the plurality of guide frame assemblies, the calibration mechanism can be slidably penetrated between the tops of the plurality of guide frame assemblies, wherein the outer wall of the impact drill bit is in contact with the lower inner wall of the plurality of guide frame assemblies;

[0021] Step two, then use the external power mechanism to pull the external impact hammer, so that the impact hammer intermittently impacts the top of the calibration mechanism, so as to impact the impact drill bit downward, in the process, the plurality of guide frame assemblies and the calibration mechanism cooperate with each other to guide the impact drill bit, so that the impact drill bit penetrates the underlying rock-soil layer vertically downward to perform drilling operation, after impacting downward for a distance, the calibration mechanism is detached from the top of the impact drill bit.

[0022] Step three, then the impact drill rod is screwed in the top of the impact drill bit, and then the calibration mechanism is reinstalled on the top of the impact drill rod, while the calibration mechanism is slid through the top of the plurality of guide frame assemblies, and then the external power mechanism is continued to be used to pull the external impact hammer to impact the top of the calibration mechanism intermittently, and the impact drill rod and the impact drill bit are impacted downward together, and the plurality of guide frame assemblies and the calibration mechanism are guided to each other during the process, so that the impact drill rod is guided, and the impact drill rod and the impact drill bit penetrate the underlying rock-soil layer vertically downward, and the drilling operation is continued. Advantages

[0023] The application provides an impact drilling device and method based on geotechnical engineering.

[0024] 1. An impact drilling device and method based on geotechnical engineering, by the cooperation of the impact drill bit, the impact drill rod, the guide mechanism and the calibration mechanism, the impact drill bit and the impact drill rod are impacted downward by the external impact hammer, the guide mechanism and the calibration mechanism are guided to each other, the impact drill bit and the impact drill rod can always penetrate the underlying rock-soil layer along the preset vertical downward direction, the drilling operation is carried out, deviation is avoided, and the drilling quality is improved. 2. An impact drilling device and method based on geotechnical engineering, by the cooperation of the annular accommodating seat, the positioning hole, the adjusting assembly and the guide frame assembly, the second gear is unlocked by pulling the bolt upward, and then the hand wheel is rotated to drive the second gear to rotate, so that the gear ring rotates and drives the plurality of first gears to rotate, thereby driving the plurality of racks to approach or move away from each other at the same time, the spacing between the plurality of guide frame assemblies is quickly adjusted, the impact drill bit and the impact drill rod of various outer diameters can be applied, and the impact drill bit and the impact drill rod of various outer diameters can be guided, so that the operation is convenient and efficient, and the application range is wide.

[0025] 3. An impact drilling device and method based on geotechnical engineering, by the cooperation of the arc-shaped guide plate, the ball, the first U-shaped guide rail, the second U-shaped guide rail and the calibration block, the calibration block always slides downward along the first U-shaped guide rail and the second U-shaped guide rail during the process of impacting the impact drill bit and the impact drill rod downward, and then cooperates with the plurality of arc-shaped guide plates to guide and calibrate the impact drill bit and the impact drill rod, so that the impact drill bit and the impact drill rod can stably move downward along the preset path, and the friction between the impact drill bit and the impact drill rod and the arc-shaped guide plate is greatly reduced under the action of the ball during the process of moving downward of the impact drill bit and the impact drill rod, thereby prolonging the service life of the device.

[0026] 4. A rock engineering-based percussion drilling device and method, through the cooperation between the first U-shaped guide rail, the second U-shaped guide rail and the locking bolt, the number of the second U-shaped guide rail can be increased or reduced according to the length change of the percussion drill bit and the percussion drill rod, so as to cooperate with the percussion drill bit and the percussion drill rod of different lengths, and realize the normal calibration and guidance of the percussion drill bit and the percussion drill rod of various lengths. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the present application;

[0028] Figure 2 is an exploded view of the present application;

[0029] Figure 3 is a perspective view of the guiding mechanism of the present application;

[0030] Figure 4 is a sectional view of the guiding mechanism of the present application;

[0031] Figure 5 is a perspective view of the present application Figure 4 is a partial enlarged view of A in the present application; Figure 6 is an exploded view of the guiding mechanism of the present application;

[0032] Figure 7 is a perspective view of the annular accommodating seat of the present application;

[0033] Figure 8 is a perspective view of the adjusting assembly of the present application;

[0034] Figure 9 is a perspective view of the guiding frame assembly of the present application;

[0035] Figure 10 is an exploded view of the guiding frame assembly of the present application;

[0036] Figure 11 is a perspective view of the second U-shaped guide rail of the present application;

[0037] Figure 12 is a perspective view of the calibration mechanism of the present application;

[0038] Figure 13 is a sectional view of the calibration mechanism of the present application.

[0039] In the figure: 1, impact drill bit; 2, impact drill rod; 3, guide mechanism; 31, annular accommodating seat; 32, mounting bottom plate; 33, ground nail; 34, placing box; 35, U-shaped clamping seat; 36, positioning hole; 37, adjusting assembly; 371, rack; 372, gear ring; 373, first gear; 374, second gear; 375, shaft; 376, hand wheel; 377, adapter disc; 378, latch; 38, guide frame assembly; 381, L-shaped plate; 382, limiting plate; 383, first scale line; 384, arc-shaped guide plate; 385, ball; 386, first U-shaped guide rail; 387, second U-shaped guide rail; 388, locking bolt; 4, calibration mechanism; 41, calibration cover body; 42, locking screw; 43, adapter sleeve; 44, square rod; 45, calibration block; 46, through hole; 47, positioning bolt; 48, impact-resistant block; 49, second scale line. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0041] The present application provides two technical solutions:

[0042] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 The first embodiment is shown: an impact drilling device based on geotechnical engineering, comprising:

[0043] The impact drill bit 1 is used for penetrating the rock-soil layer for drilling operation, and the impact drill bit 1 is threadedly connected with the impact drill rod 2 at the top, and the impact drill rod 2 is used for transmitting power to the impact drill bit 1;

[0044] The guide mechanism 3 is placed on the ground surface of the rock-soil, and is used for guiding the impact drill bit 1 and the impact drill rod 2, and the impact drill bit 1 and the impact drill rod 2 penetrate the middle of the guide mechanism 3;

[0045] The calibration mechanism 4 is used for calibrating the impact drill bit 1 and the impact drill rod 2 when drilling, and the calibration mechanism 4 is arranged at the upper part of the guide mechanism 3.

[0046] Through the mutual cooperation between the impact drill bit 1, the impact drill rod 2, the guide mechanism 3 and the calibration mechanism 4, in the process of impacting the impact drill bit 1 and the impact drill rod 2 downward by the external impact hammer, the guide mechanism 3 and the calibration mechanism 4 cooperate with each other to guide the impact drill bit 1 and the impact drill rod 2, so that the impact drill bit 1 and the impact drill rod 2 can always penetrate the rock-soil layer below along the preset vertical downward direction to perform drilling operation, avoid deviation and improve the drilling quality.

[0047] As Figures 3 to 13The second embodiment is shown, and the main difference with the first embodiment is that the rock engineering based percussion drilling device, the guide mechanism 3 includes an annular accommodating seat 31, a circle of the bottom of the annular accommodating seat 31 is uniformly provided with a plurality of installation bottom plates 32, the inside of each installation bottom plate 32 is penetrated by two ground nails 33, a circle of the side wall of the annular accommodating seat 31 is uniformly provided with a plurality of placing boxes 34, a circle of the top of the annular accommodating seat 31 is uniformly provided with a plurality of U-shaped clamping bases 35, a circle of the top front end of the annular accommodating seat 31 is uniformly provided with a plurality of positioning holes 36, the inside of the annular accommodating seat 31 is provided with an adjusting assembly 37, a circle of the inside of the annular accommodating seat 31 is uniformly provided with a plurality of guide frame assemblies 38, the adjusting assembly 37 includes a plurality of racks 371, each rack 371 is slidingly penetrated between the inner wall of the annular accommodating seat 31 and the inside of the corresponding placing box 34, a tooth ring 372 is rotationally arranged between the lower side walls of the inner cavity of the annular accommodating seat 31, a plurality of first gears 373 are rotationally arranged between the upper and lower walls of the inner cavity of the annular accommodating seat 31, the lower parts of the plurality of first gears 373 are engaged with the tooth ring 372, the upper parts of each first gear 373 are engaged with the corresponding rack 371, a second gear 374 is rotationally arranged between the upper and lower walls of the front part of the inner cavity of the annular accommodating seat 31, the second gear 374 is engaged with the tooth ring 372, the top of the second gear 374 is fixedly provided with a shaft 375, the top of the shaft 375 is rotationally penetrated through the top of the annular accommodating seat 31 and is fixedly provided with a hand wheel 376, the outside of the shaft 375 is fixedly sleeved with a connecting disc 377, the connecting disc 377 is located between the annular accommodating seat 31 and the hand wheel 376, a latch 378 is slidingly penetrated through one side of the top of the connecting disc 377, the bottom of the latch 378 is penetrated into one of the positioning holes 36, each guide frame assembly 38 includes an L-shaped plate 381, one side of the L-shaped plate 381 close to the inner wall of the annular accommodating seat 31 is fixedly connected with the end of the corresponding rack 371, a limiting plate 382 is fixedly arranged on one side of the L-shaped plate 381 close to the inner wall of the annular accommodating seat 31, the limiting plate 382 is slidingly penetrated in the corresponding U-shaped clamping base 35, a plurality of first scale lines 383 are uniformly arranged on the top of the limiting plate 382, arc-shaped guide plates 384 are fixedly arranged on the upper and lower parts of one side of the L-shaped plate 381 away from the limiting plate 382, a plurality of rolling balls 385 are uniformly rotationally arranged on one side of the arc-shaped guide plate 384 away from the L-shaped plate 381, a first U-shaped guide rail 386 is fixedly arranged on the top of the L-shaped plate 381, a second U-shaped guide rail 387 is arranged on the top of the first U-shaped guide rail 386 through two locking bolts 388, the calibration mechanism 4 includes a calibration cover 41, a circle of the side wall of the calibration cover 41 is uniformly threadedly penetrated by a plurality of locking screws 42, a circle of the side wall of the calibration cover 41 is uniformly fixedly provided with a plurality of connecting sleeves 43, the plurality of connecting sleeves 43 and the plurality of locking screws 42 are alternately distributed, a square rod 44 is slidingly penetrated in each connecting sleeve 43, a calibration block 45 is fixedly arranged on one end of each square rod 44 away from the calibration cover 41,Each calibration block 45 is slid through between the corresponding first U-shaped guide rail 386 and the second U-shaped guide rail 387, a plurality of through holes 46 are uniformly formed in the square rod 44, a positioning bolt 47 is threadedly penetrated in one side of each connecting sleeve 43, one end of the positioning bolt 47 is threadedly penetrated in the corresponding through hole 46, the top of the calibration cover 41 is detachably provided with an impact-resistant block 48, a plurality of second scale lines 49 are arranged on the side wall of each square rod 44, and a plurality of mark lines are uniformly arranged on the surface of the locking screw 42, which are used for marking the position of the locking screw 42.

[0048] Through the cooperation between the annular accommodating seat 31, the positioning hole 36, the adjusting assembly 37 and the guide frame assembly 38, only the bolt 378 is pulled upward to release the locking of the second gear 374, then the hand wheel 376 is rotated to drive the second gear 374 to rotate, thereby rotating the gear ring 372 and driving the plurality of first gears 373 to rotate, so that the plurality of racks 371 are simultaneously close to or away from each other, the spacing between the plurality of guide frame assemblies 38 is quickly adjusted, the impact drill bit 1 and the impact drill rod 2 with various outer diameters can be applied, the impact drill bit 1 and the impact drill rod 2 with various outer diameters can be guided, the operation is convenient and efficient, the application range is wide, through the cooperation between the arc-shaped guide plates 384, the balls 385, the first U-shaped guide rail 386, the second U-shaped guide rail 387 and the calibration block 45, the calibration block 45 always slides downward along the first U-shaped guide rail 386 and the second U-shaped guide rail 387 during the downward impact of the impact drill bit 1 and the impact drill rod 2, and then cooperates with the plurality of arc-shaped guide plates 384 to guide and calibrate the impact drill bit 1 and the impact drill rod 2, so that the impact drill bit 1 and the impact drill rod 2 can stably move downward along the preset path, and the friction between the impact drill bit 1 and the impact drill rod 2 and the arc-shaped guide plate 384 is greatly reduced under the action of the ball 385, thereby prolonging the service life of the device, through the cooperation between the first U-shaped guide rail 386, the second U-shaped guide rail 387 and the locking bolt 388, the number of the second U-shaped guide rail 387 can be increased or reduced according to the length change of the impact drill bit 1 and the impact drill rod 2, so as to cooperate with the impact drill bit 1 and the impact drill rod 2 with different lengths, and normal calibration and guidance of the impact drill bit 1 and the impact drill rod 2 with various lengths are realized.

[0049] The embodiment of the present application also provides an impact drilling method based on geotechnical engineering, and the impact drilling device based on geotechnical engineering is adopted, and the specific method comprises the following steps.

[0050] Step one, install the ring-shaped accommodating seat 31 to the designated position on the rock-soil surface by using multiple ground nails 33, then manually operate the adjusting assembly 37 to adjust the spacing between multiple guide frame assemblies 38, during the adjusting process, first pull the plug 378 upward to release the locking of the second gear 374, then rotate the hand wheel 376 to drive the second gear 374 to rotate, and then make the gear ring 372 rotate, and drive multiple first gears 373 to rotate at the same time, so as to drive multiple racks 371 to move closer to each other or move away from each other at the same time, that is, pull multiple guide frame assemblies 38 to move closer to each other or move away from each other at the same time, until multiple guide frame assemblies 38 are adjusted to the designated position, so as to adapt to the impact drill bit 1 with the corresponding outer diameter size, then put the calibration cover 41 on the top of the impact drill bit 1, and in turn screw each locking screw 42, while observing the mark line on the locking screw 42, use multiple locking screws 42 to tightly press the upper part of the impact drill bit 1 in the calibration cover 41, so that the top of the impact drill bit 1 is located in the middle position of the inner cavity of the calibration cover 41, then in turn unscrew each positioning bolt 47, observe the second scale line 49, adjust the calibration block 45 to the required position, then use the positioning bolt 47 to lock the position of the calibration block 45 again, then insert the impact drill bit 1 between multiple arc-shaped guide plates 384, and each calibration block 45 on the calibration mechanism 4 is respectively slid through in the corresponding second U-shaped guide rail 387;

[0051] Step two, then use the external power mechanism to pull the external impact hammer to make the impact hammer intermittently impact the top of the calibration mechanism 4, so as to impact the impact drill bit 1 downward, during the process, multiple guide frame assemblies 38 and the calibration mechanism 4 cooperate with each other to guide the impact drill bit 1, so that the impact drill bit 1 penetrates the rock-soil layer below vertically downward to carry out drilling operation, after impacting downward for a distance, the calibration block 45 slides to the lower part of the inner cavity of the first U-shaped guide rail 386, and then the calibration mechanism 4 is detached from the top of the impact drill bit 1;

[0052] Step three, then screw the impact drill rod 2 on the top of the impact drill bit 1, where the outer diameter of the impact drill bit 1 and the impact drill rod 2 is the same, then reinstall the calibration mechanism 4 on the top of the impact drill rod 2, so that the top of the impact drill rod 2 is located in the middle position of the inner cavity of the calibration cover 41, and at the same time, each calibration block 45 on the calibration mechanism 4 is located in the upper part of the inner cavity of the corresponding second U-shaped guide rail 387, then start the external power mechanism again to pull the external impact hammer, use the impact hammer to intermittently impact the top of the calibration mechanism 4 to impact the impact drill rod 2 and the impact drill bit 1 downward, during the process, multiple guide frame assemblies 38 and the calibration mechanism 4 cooperate with each other to guide the impact drill rod 2, so that the impact drill rod 2 and the impact drill bit 1 penetrate the rock-soil layer below vertically downward to continue drilling operation.

[0053] It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting; it is not intended to exclude myriad other embodiments of the present application that other inventors can develop based on the same general inventive concepts embodied by the described embodiments. That is, although the present application is described in terms of particular embodiments and illustrative figures, it should be apparent that the scope of the present application is not limited to these specific embodiments.

[0054] While the embodiments of the application have been shown and described herein, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, alternatives, and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the application, which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A percussion drilling device based on geotechnical engineering, characterized in that, include: An impact drill bit (1) is used to penetrate rock and soil layers for drilling operations. The top of the impact drill bit (1) is threaded with an impact drill rod (2), which is used to transmit power to the impact drill bit (1). The guide mechanism (3) is placed on the rock and soil surface and is used to guide the impact drill bit (1) and the impact drill rod (2), which pass through the middle of the guide mechanism (3); A calibration mechanism (4) is used to calibrate the impact drill bit (1) and impact drill rod (2) during drilling. The calibration mechanism (4) is located on the upper part of the guide mechanism (3). The guiding mechanism (3) includes an annular receiving seat (31). Several mounting base plates (32) are uniformly fixed around the bottom of the annular receiving seat (31). Two ground nails (33) penetrate the interior of each mounting base plate (32). Several placement boxes (34) are uniformly fixed around the side wall of the annular receiving seat (31). Several U-shaped card seats (35) are uniformly fixed around the top of the annular receiving seat (31). A ring of positioning holes (36) is uniformly opened at the front end of the top of the annular receiving seat (31). An adjustment component (37) is provided inside the annular receiving seat (31). Several guide frame components (38) are uniformly arranged around the interior of the annular receiving seat (31). The adjusting assembly (37) includes multiple racks (371), each rack (371) slidingly passing through the inner wall of the annular receiving seat (31) and the interior of the corresponding placement box (34). A toothed ring (372) is rotatably disposed between the lower sidewalls of the inner cavity of the annular receiving seat (31). Multiple first gears (373) are rotatably disposed between the upper and lower walls of the inner cavity of the annular receiving seat (31). The lower parts of the multiple first gears (373) mesh with the toothed rings (372), and the upper parts of each first gear (373) mesh with the corresponding rack (371). The upper and lower walls of the front part of the inner cavity of the annular receiving seat (31) are rotatably disposed between the upper and lower walls. A second gear (374) is provided, which meshes with a gear ring (372). A shaft (375) is fixedly provided on the top of the second gear (374). The top of the shaft (375) rotates through the top of the annular receiving seat (31) and is fixedly provided with a handwheel (376). A connecting plate (377) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the shaft (375). The connecting plate (377) is located between the annular receiving seat (31) and the handwheel (376). A pin (378) slides through one side of the top of the connecting plate (377). The bottom of the pin (378) passes through one of the positioning holes (36).

2. The percussion drilling device based on geotechnical engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the guide frame assemblies (38) includes an L-shaped plate (381), the side of the L-shaped plate (381) near the inner wall of the annular receiving seat (31) is fixedly connected to the end of the corresponding rack (371), a limiting plate (382) is fixedly provided on the side of the L-shaped plate (381) near the inner wall of the annular receiving seat (31), the limiting plate (382) slides through the corresponding U-shaped card seat (35), and a number of first scale lines (383) are evenly provided on the top of the limiting plate (382).

3. The percussion drilling device based on geotechnical engineering according to claim 2, characterized in that: The L-shaped plate (381) is fixedly provided with arc-shaped guide plates (384) on the upper and lower parts of the side away from the limiting plate (382). The arc-shaped guide plates (384) are evenly provided with a number of ball bearings (385) on the side away from the L-shaped plate (381). The top of the L-shaped plate (381) is fixedly provided with a first U-shaped guide rail (386). The top of the first U-shaped guide rail (386) is provided with a second U-shaped guide rail (387) through two locking bolts (388).

4. The percussion drilling device based on geotechnical engineering according to claim 3, characterized in that: The calibration mechanism (4) includes a calibration cover (41). A plurality of locking screws (42) are evenly threaded around the side wall of the calibration cover (41). A plurality of connecting sleeves (43) are evenly fixed around the side wall of the calibration cover (41). The plurality of connecting sleeves (43) and the plurality of locking screws (42) are alternately distributed. A square rod (44) slides through each connecting sleeve (43).

5. The percussion drilling device based on geotechnical engineering according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each of the square rods (44) has a calibration block (45) fixedly installed at one end away from the calibration cover (41). Each calibration block (45) slides through between the corresponding first U-shaped guide rail (386) and second U-shaped guide rail (387). Several through holes (46) are evenly opened in the square rod (44). A positioning bolt (47) is threaded through one side of each connecting sleeve (43).

6. The percussion drilling device based on geotechnical engineering according to claim 5, characterized in that: One end of the positioning bolt (47) is threaded through the corresponding through hole (46). The top of the calibration cover (41) is detachably provided with an impact-resistant block (48). Several second scale lines (49) are provided on the side wall of each square rod (44). Several marking lines are uniformly provided on the surface of the locking screw (42). The marking lines are used to mark the position of the locking screw (42).

7. A percussion drilling method based on geotechnical engineering, characterized in that: The method, employing the percussion drilling device based on geotechnical engineering as described in any one of claims 1-6, includes the following steps: Step 1: Install the guide mechanism (3) at the designated position on the rock and soil surface, and then manually operate the adjustment component (37) to adjust the distance between multiple guide frame components (38) so that multiple guide frame components (38) move closer to each other or further away from each other at the same time, until multiple guide frame components (38) are adjusted to the designated position so that they are adapted to the impact drill bit (1) and impact drill rod (2) of the corresponding outer diameter. Then, put the calibration mechanism (4) on the top of the impact drill bit (1), adjust the calibration mechanism (4) to lock the impact drill bit (1) in the middle of the inner cavity of the calibration mechanism (4), and then adjust the calibration mechanism (4) so ​​that after the impact drill bit (1) is inserted between multiple guide frame components (38), the calibration mechanism (4) can slide through the top of multiple guide frame components (38), wherein the outer wall of the impact drill bit (1) is in contact with the lower inner wall of multiple guide frame components (38); Step 2: Next, using an external power mechanism, pull the external impact hammer so that the impact hammer intermittently impacts the top of the calibration mechanism (4), thereby impacting the impact drill bit (1) downward. During the process, multiple guide frame assemblies (38) and the calibration mechanism (4) cooperate with each other to guide the impact drill bit (1), so that the impact drill bit (1) penetrates the rock and soil layer below vertically downward to carry out drilling operations. After impacting downward for a certain distance, the calibration mechanism (4) is removed from the top of the impact drill bit (1). Step 3: Then screw the impact drill rod (2) onto the top of the impact drill bit (1), and then reinstall the calibration mechanism (4) on the top of the impact drill rod (2). At the same time, make the calibration mechanism (4) slide through the top of multiple guide frame assemblies (38). Then continue to use the external power mechanism to pull the external impact hammer, so that the impact hammer intermittently impacts the top of the calibration mechanism (4), and impacts the impact drill rod (2) and the impact drill bit (1) together downward. During the process, multiple guide frame assemblies (38) and calibration mechanism (4) cooperate with each other to guide the impact drill rod (2), so that the impact drill rod (2) and the impact drill bit (1) penetrate the rock and soil layer below vertically downward and continue the drilling operation.

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