Speed reducer assembly, electric drive axle and vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides a speed reducer assembly, an electric drive axle and a vehicle, the speed reducer assembly comprises an input shaft, a first gear speed reducing mechanism, a second gear speed reducing mechanism, a gear shifting shaft, a gear shifting mechanism, a one-way clutch and an output shaft, and the input shaft is in transmission connection to the gear shifting shaft through the first gear speed reducing mechanism or the second gear speed reducing mechanism; the one-way clutch is arranged on the gear shifting shaft and connected with the first gear reduction mechanism in an installing mode, the input shaft can be in transmission connection to the gear shifting shaft through the first gear reduction mechanism, and the gear shifting mechanism is connected to the gear shifting shaft in a sliding mode and can slide in the axial direction of the gear shifting shaft to change the speed ratio of the second gear reduction mechanism. The output shaft is in transmission connection with the gear shifting shaft and used for transmitting power to external equipment. According to the speed reducer assembly, the electric drive axle and the vehicle, the one-way clutch is adopted, and switching of three gears can be achieved through the gear shifting mechanism and the one-way clutch under the overrunning effect of the one-way clutch.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicles, and in particular to a reducer assembly, an electric drive axle and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] At present, electric vehicles are becoming more and more popular. Multi-speed gearboxes can meet both the maximum speed requirements and the gradeability requirements, and are economical, which is the current trend of technological development. At present, the multi-speed gearbox mainly achieves gear switching by changing the speed ratio of the meshing gears through the shift actuator, and the shifting power is not interrupted. The shifting is mainly achieved through multiple power sources or friction clutch sliding. However, the multi-speed gearbox in the prior art achieves multi-speed shifting through multiple shift sleeves, which increases the size of the gearbox and the cost, and it is easy to have power interruption during the shifting process. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a speed reducer assembly, an electric drive axle and a vehicle to solve the problems of large size and high cost of the existing gearbox and power interruption during the gear shifting process.

[0004] The present invention provides a reducer assembly, comprising an input shaft, a first gear reduction mechanism, a second gear reduction mechanism, a shift shaft, a shift mechanism, a one-way clutch and an output shaft, wherein the input shaft is transmission-connected to the shift shaft via the first gear reduction mechanism or the second gear reduction mechanism, the one-way clutch is arranged on the shift shaft and is installed and connected to the first gear reduction mechanism, and can enable the input shaft to be transmission-connected to the shift shaft via the first gear reduction mechanism, the shift mechanism is slidably connected to the shift shaft, the shift mechanism can slide along the axial direction of the shift shaft to change the speed ratio of the second gear reduction mechanism, and the output shaft is transmission-connected to the shift shaft for transmitting power to an external device.

[0005] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first gear reduction mechanism includes an input driving gear, a driven shaft, a first gear gear and a second gear gear, the input driving gear is coaxially fixedly connected to the input shaft, the first gear gear is coaxially fixedly connected to the driven shaft, the first gear gear is meshed with the second gear gear, the input driving gear is meshed with the first gear gear, the second gear gear is coaxially arranged on the shift shaft, and the second gear gear is installed on the one-way clutch.

[0006] In one embodiment of the present invention, the second gear reduction mechanism includes a first gear reduction assembly and a second gear reduction assembly, the speed ratios of the first gear reduction assembly and the second gear reduction assembly are different, and the shift mechanism is movably connected to the shift shaft along the axial direction of the shift shaft, and is connected to the first gear reduction assembly or the second gear reduction assembly to achieve different speed ratios.

[0007] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first gear reduction assembly includes a third gear gear and a fourth gear gear, the third gear gear is coaxially fixedly connected to the driven shaft, the fourth gear gear is coaxially arranged on the shift shaft, and the third gear gear and the fourth gear gear are meshed; the second gear reduction assembly includes a fifth gear gear and a sixth gear gear, the fifth gear gear is coaxially fixedly connected to the driven shaft, the sixth gear gear is coaxially arranged on the shift shaft, and the fifth gear gear and the sixth gear gear are meshed.

[0008] In an embodiment of the present invention, the input shaft, the driven shaft, the shift shaft and the output shaft are arranged parallel to each other.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, the ratio of the number of teeth of the first gear gear to that of the second gear gear is greater than the ratio of the number of teeth of the third gear gear to that of the fourth gear gear, and the ratio of the number of teeth of the third gear gear to that of the fourth gear gear is greater than the ratio of the number of teeth of the fifth gear gear to that of the sixth gear gear; the number of teeth of the first gear gear is less than the number of teeth of the second gear gear, the number of teeth of the third gear gear is less than the number of teeth of the fourth gear gear, and the number of teeth of the fifth gear gear is less than the number of teeth of the sixth gear gear.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, the reducer assembly further includes a transmission driving gear and a transmission driven gear, wherein the transmission driving gear is coaxially fixedly connected to the shift shaft, and the transmission driven gear is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft, and the transmission driving gear meshes with the transmission driven gear.

[0011] In an embodiment of the present invention, the speed reducer assembly further includes a differential, the housing of the differential is provided with the transmission driven gear, and the differential is coaxially and fixedly connected with the transmission driven gear.

[0012] The present invention also provides an electric drive axle, comprising a bridge housing and the reducer assembly as described above, wherein the reducer assembly is arranged in the bridge housing; the electric drive axle also comprises a drive motor, and the drive motor is drivingly connected to the input shaft.

[0013] The present invention also provides a vehicle, comprising the electric drive axle as described above.

[0014] In the reducer assembly, electric drive axle and vehicle of the present invention, a one-way clutch is used. Through the overrunning effect of the one-way clutch, the switching of three gears can be achieved through a shifting mechanism and a one-way clutch; at the same time, the power of the shifting mechanism will not be interrupted during the gear switching process due to the action of the one-way clutch. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 The figure is a simplified structural diagram of a reducer assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 The figure is a simplified structural diagram of a reducer assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0018] The present invention provides a reducer assembly, such as Figure 1 As shown, a reducer assembly of an embodiment includes an input shaft 11, a first gear reduction mechanism, a second gear reduction mechanism, a shift shaft 12, a shift mechanism 13, a one-way clutch 14 and an output shaft 15. The input shaft 11 is connected to the shift shaft 12 through the first gear reduction mechanism or the second gear reduction mechanism. The one-way clutch 14 is arranged on the shift shaft 12 and is installed and connected to the first gear reduction mechanism, so that the input shaft 11 can be connected to the shift shaft 12 through the first gear reduction mechanism. The shift mechanism 13 is slidably connected to the shift shaft 12, and the shift mechanism 13 can slide along the axial direction of the shift shaft 12 to change the speed ratio of the second gear reduction mechanism. The output shaft 15 is connected to the shift shaft 12 for transmitting power to an external device.

[0019] In the reducer assembly of the present invention, a one-way clutch 14 is used. Through the overrunning effect of the one-way clutch 14, the switching of three gears can be achieved through a shift mechanism 13 and a one-way clutch 14; at the same time, the power of the shift mechanism 13 will not be interrupted during the process of switching gears through the action of the one-way clutch 14.

[0020] In this embodiment, the first gear reduction mechanism includes an input driving gear 16, a driven shaft 17, a first gear gear 18 and a second gear gear 19. The input driving gear 16 is coaxially fixedly connected to the input shaft 11, the first gear gear 18 is coaxially fixedly connected to the driven shaft 17, the first gear gear 18 is meshed with the second gear gear 19, the input driving gear 16 is meshed with the first gear gear 18, the second gear gear 19 is coaxially arranged on the shift shaft 12, and the second gear gear 19 is installed on the one-way clutch 14. The input shaft 11 is rotated by the driving force, driving the input driving gear 16 thereon to rotate synchronously, the input driving gear 16 is meshed with the first gear gear 18 to drive the first gear gear 18 to rotate, the first gear gear 18 is meshed with the second gear gear 19 to drive the second gear gear 19 to rotate, and the one-way clutch 14 is in a combined state at this time to allow torque to be transmitted to the driven shaft 17 (on the shaft 12).

[0021] In this embodiment, the second gear reduction mechanism includes a first gear reduction assembly and a second gear reduction assembly, and the speed ratios of the first gear reduction assembly and the second gear reduction assembly are different. The shift mechanism 13 is movably connected to the shift shaft 12 along the axial direction of the shift shaft 12, and is connected to the first gear reduction assembly or the second gear reduction assembly to achieve different speed ratios (transmission ratios).

[0022] Specifically, the first gear reduction assembly includes a third gear gear 21 and a fourth gear gear 22, the third gear gear 21 is coaxially fixedly connected to the driven shaft 17, the fourth gear gear 22 is coaxially arranged on the shift shaft 12, and the third gear gear 21 and the fourth gear gear 22 are meshed with each other; the second gear reduction assembly includes a fifth gear gear 23 and a sixth gear gear 24, the fifth gear gear 23 is coaxially fixedly connected to the driven shaft 17, the sixth gear gear is coaxially arranged on the shift shaft 12, and the fifth gear gear 23 and the sixth gear gear 24 are meshed with each other. When the shift mechanism 13 is combined with the fourth gear gear 22, the power transmission route is input shaft→input driving gear 16→first gear gear 18→driven shaft 17→third gear gear 21→fourth gear gear 22→shift shaft 12→output shaft 15; when the shift mechanism 13 is combined with the sixth gear gear 24, the power transmission route is input shaft→input driving gear 16→first gear gear 18→driven shaft 17→fifth gear gear 23→sixth gear gear 24→shift shaft 12→output shaft 15. During the combination process between the shift mechanism 13 and the fourth gear gear 22 and the sixth gear gear 24, the one-way clutch 14 performs the overrunning function, and the one-way clutch 14 rotates freely, allowing frictionless power transmission, ensuring that the power output will not be interrupted, and ensuring the smoothness of the shifting process and the reliability of the system.

[0023] In another preferred embodiment, the input driving gear 16 can be configured to mesh with the third gear 21 or the fifth gear 23. Figure 2 As shown in the structure in FIG. 1 , the input driving gear 16 is arranged to mesh with the fifth gear gear 23 .

[0024] In this embodiment, the shift mechanism 13 may be a sliding sleeve, or a synchronizer / gear sleeve shift.

[0025] In this embodiment, the one-way clutch 14 can be any one of a roller-type overrunning clutch and a sprag overrunning clutch.

[0026] In this embodiment, the input driving gear 16 is directly meshed with the gear gear, and there is no need to set a driven shaft on the driven shaft 17, which reduces one gear. Only nine gears are used to achieve three-stage reduction in three gears, thereby reducing costs and reducing the overall space requirements of the reducer assembly.

[0027] In this embodiment, the input shaft 11, the driven shaft 17, the shift shaft 12 and the output shaft 15 are arranged parallel to each other, which can reduce space occupancy and make the entire reducer assembly more compact; it makes the connection and disassembly between the various components more convenient, and reduces the difficulty of assembly and maintenance; at the same time, it can also reduce the friction loss between the bearings and gears, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the system.

[0028] In this embodiment, the ratio of the number of teeth of the first gear gear 18 to the second gear gear 19 is greater than the ratio of the number of teeth of the third gear gear 21 to the fourth gear gear 22, and the ratio of the number of teeth of the third gear gear 21 to the fourth gear gear 22 is greater than the ratio of the number of teeth of the fifth gear gear 23 to the sixth gear gear 24; the number of teeth of the first gear gear 18 is less than the number of teeth of the second gear gear 19, the number of teeth of the third gear gear 21 is less than the number of teeth of the fourth gear gear 22, and the number of teeth of the fifth gear gear 23 is less than the number of teeth of the sixth gear gear 24.

[0029] It can be understood that the transmission ratio of the first gear gear 18 to the second gear gear 19 is greater than the transmission ratio of the third gear gear 21 to the fourth gear gear, and the transmission ratio of the third gear gear 21 to the fourth gear gear is greater than the transmission ratio of the fifth gear gear 23 to the sixth gear gear 24. The first gear is that power is transmitted from the first gear gear 18 to the second gear gear 19, the second gear is that power is transmitted from the third gear gear 21 to the fourth gear gear 22, and the third gear is that power is transmitted from the fifth gear gear 23 to the sixth gear gear 24; and the torque outputted by the first gear is the smallest, and the torque outputted by the third gear is the largest.

[0030] In this embodiment, the reducer assembly also includes a transmission driving gear 25 and a transmission driven gear 26. The transmission driving gear 25 is coaxially fixedly connected to the shift shaft 12, and the transmission driven gear 26 is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft 15. The transmission driving gear 25 meshes with the transmission driven gear 26.

[0031] The reducer assembly includes a total of three-stage reduction structures. Specifically, taking the first gear as an example, the input driving gear 16 on the input shaft 11 meshes with the first gear gear 18 on the driven shaft 17 to achieve the first stage of reduction; the first gear gear 18 on the driven shaft 17 meshes with the second gear gear 19 on the shift shaft 12 to achieve the second stage of reduction; the transmission driving gear 25 on the driven shaft 17 and the transmission driven gear 26 on the output shaft 15 achieve the third stage of reduction. The nine gears used in the entire reducer assembly realize three-stage reduction in three gears, which reduces the cost and reduces the overall space requirement of the reducer assembly.

[0032] In this embodiment, the speed reducer assembly further includes a differential 27 , a driven transmission gear 26 is disposed on the housing of the differential 27 , and the differential 27 is coaxially fixedly connected to the driven transmission gear 26 .

[0033] In this embodiment, the multi-speed power transmission routes of the reducer assembly are as follows: First gear (the shift mechanism 13 is not combined with either the fourth gear gear 22 or the sixth gear gear 24): drive motor 30 → input shaft → input driving gear 16 → first gear gear 18 → driven shaft 17 → first gear gear 18 → second gear gear 19 → gear shaft 12 → transmission driving gear 25 → transmission driven gear 26 → differential 27 → output shaft 15.

[0034] Second gear (shift mechanism 13 combined with fourth gear gear 22): drive motor 30 → input shaft → input driving gear 16 → first gear gear 18 → driven shaft 17 → third gear gear 21 → fourth gear gear 22 → gear shaft 12 → transmission driving gear 25 → transmission driven gear 26 → differential 27 → output shaft 15.

[0035] Third gear (shift mechanism 13 combined with sixth gear gear 24): drive motor 30 → input shaft → input driving gear 16 → first gear gear 18 → driven shaft 17 → fifth gear gear 23 → sixth gear gear 24 → gear shaft 12 → transmission driving gear 25 → transmission driven gear 26 → differential 27 → output shaft 15.

[0036] The present invention also provides an electric drive bridge, including a bridge housing and a reducer assembly as described above, wherein the reducer assembly is arranged in the bridge housing; the electric drive bridge also includes a drive motor 30, which is transmission-connected to the input shaft 11. As a possible implementation, the drive motor 30 is spline-connected to the input shaft 11. It should be noted that the other functional components of the electric drive bridge are not the core invention of the present application, and those skilled in the art can implement them based on the prior art, so they will not be described in detail in this specification.

[0037] The present invention also provides a vehicle, including the electric drive axle as described above. The vehicle can be a new energy vehicle or any other vehicle type. It should be noted that other functional components of the vehicle are not the core invention of this application, and those skilled in the art can implement them based on the prior art, so they will not be described in detail in this specification.

[0038] In this document, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0039] In this document, the directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "vertical", and "horizontal" are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the clarity of expressing the technical solutions and the convenience of description, and therefore should not be understood as limitations of the present invention.

[0040] In this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion of elements other than those listed and may also include additional elements not expressly listed.

[0041] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A reducer assembly, characterized in that: The invention comprises an input shaft (11), a first gear reduction mechanism, a second gear reduction mechanism, a shift shaft (12), a shift mechanism (13), a one-way clutch (14) and an output shaft (15); the input shaft (11) is transmission-connected to the shift shaft (12) via the first gear reduction mechanism or the second gear reduction mechanism; the one-way clutch (14) is arranged on the shift shaft (12) and is installed and connected to the first gear reduction mechanism, so that the input shaft (11) is transmission-connected to the shift shaft (12) via the first gear reduction mechanism; the shift mechanism (13) is slidably connected to the shift shaft (12); the shift mechanism (13) can slide along the axial direction of the shift shaft (12) to change the speed ratio of the second gear reduction mechanism; the output shaft (15) is transmission-connected to the shift shaft (12) and is used to transmit power to an external device.

2. The reducer assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first gear reduction mechanism comprises an input driving gear (16), a driven shaft (17), a first gear gear (18) and a second gear gear (19); the input driving gear (16) is coaxially fixedly connected to the input shaft (11); the first gear gear (18) is coaxially fixedly connected to the driven shaft (17); the first gear gear (18) is meshed with the second gear gear (19); the input driving gear (16) is meshed with the first gear gear (18); the second gear gear (19) is coaxially arranged on the shift shaft (12); and the second gear gear (19) is mounted on the one-way clutch (14).

3. The reducer assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second gear reduction mechanism comprises a first gear reduction assembly and a second gear reduction assembly, the first gear reduction assembly and the second gear reduction assembly have different speed ratios, and the shift mechanism (13) is movably connected to the shift shaft (12) along the axial direction of the shift shaft (12) and is connected to the first gear reduction assembly or the second gear reduction assembly to achieve different speed ratios.

4. The reducer assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first gear reduction assembly comprises a third gear gear (21) and a fourth gear gear (22), wherein the third gear gear (21) is coaxially fixedly connected to the driven shaft (17), and the fourth gear gear (22) is coaxially arranged on the shift shaft (12), and the third gear gear (21) and the fourth gear gear (22) are meshed with each other; the second gear reduction assembly comprises a fifth gear gear (23) and a sixth gear gear (24), wherein the fifth gear gear (23) is coaxially fixedly connected to the driven shaft (17), and the sixth gear gear (24) is coaxially arranged on the shift shaft (12), and the fifth gear gear (23) and the sixth gear gear (24) are meshed with each other.

5. The reducer assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The input shaft (11), the driven shaft (17), the shift shaft (12) and the output shaft (15) are arranged parallel to each other.

6. The reducer assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ratio of the number of teeth of the first gear gear (18) to the second gear gear (19) is greater than the ratio of the number of teeth of the third gear gear (21) to the fourth gear gear (22), and the ratio of the number of teeth of the third gear gear (21) to the fourth gear gear (22) is greater than the ratio of the number of teeth of the fifth gear gear (23) to the sixth gear gear (24); the number of teeth of the first gear gear (18) is less than the number of teeth of the second gear gear (19), the number of teeth of the third gear gear (21) is less than the number of teeth of the fourth gear gear (22), and the number of teeth of the fifth gear gear (23) is less than the number of teeth of the sixth gear gear (24).

7. The reducer assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reducer assembly further comprises a transmission driving gear (25) and a transmission driven gear (26), wherein the transmission driving gear (25) is coaxially fixedly connected to the shift shaft (12), and the transmission driven gear (26) is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft (15), and the transmission driving gear (25) meshes with the transmission driven gear (26).

8. The reducer assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that: The speed reducer assembly further comprises a differential (27), the housing of which is provided with the transmission driven gear (26), and the differential (27) is coaxially fixedly connected to the transmission driven gear (26).

9. An electric drive bridge, characterized in that: It comprises a bridge housing and a reducer assembly as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the reducer assembly is arranged in the bridge housing; the electric drive bridge further comprises a drive motor (30), and the drive motor (30) is drivingly connected to the input shaft (11).

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: Comprising the electric drive axle as claimed in claim 9.

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