Ultrasonic thickness measuring method and device based on echo signal characteristic analysis

Abstract

The invention provides an ultrasonic thickness measuring method and device based on echo signal characteristic analysis, and the method comprises the steps: fixedly installing ultrasonic thickness measuring devices at a plurality of thickness monitoring points on a measured object, and enabling the ultrasonic thickness measuring devices to be in a plurality of thickness monitoring points at the initial installation stage of the measured object under the condition that the measured object is in a working state; acquiring a first echo signal of an ultrasonic pulse signal, reflecting a first echo signal characteristic of the roughness degree of the inner wall of the measured object, and continuously measuring the thickness of the thickness monitoring point through the ultrasonic thickness measuring device, acquiring a second echo signal of the ultrasonic pulse signal measured each time, reflecting a second echo signal feature of the roughness degree of the inner wall of the measured object, analyzing a signal feature difference between the second echo signal feature and the first echo signal feature, and processing the second echo signal according to the signal feature difference, and calculating the thickness of the measured object based on the processed second signal. The method is suitable for long-period continuous high-precision monitoring of a container or a pipeline of a highly corrosive medium.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of pressure vessel and pipeline wall thickness measurement of crude oil refining equipment, and in particular to an ultrasonic thickness measurement method and device based on echo signal characteristic analysis. Background Art

[0002] In the field of crude oil processing, corrosion is a key issue that affects the long-term safe operation of the equipment. In particular, due to the current shortage of raw materials in the crude oil processing industry, good quality crude oil has long been unable to meet the demand. Considering the economic cost, only high-sulfur crude oil and high-acid crude oil can be refined. High-sulfur and high-acid crude oil are very corrosive, which brings great hidden dangers to the safe and stable production of crude oil refining equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the wall thickness and estimated life of pressure vessels / pipelines such as equipment and pipelines in real time and accurately to avoid fire, explosion, and poisoning accidents caused by leakage and other reasons.

[0003] In order to ensure the safety of equipment, the wall thickness of equipment and pipelines in crude oil refining units needs to be monitored continuously for a long time so that leakage risks can be discovered in time. Since ultrasonic thickness measurement technology can realize non-destructive measurement of on-site equipment, it has the advantages of flexible structure, simple operation and high data accuracy compared to other measurement methods. It is widely used in the wall thickness measurement of equipment and pipelines in the petrochemical industry. However, under the long-term scouring and erosion of corrosive media, the inner walls of the equipment and pipelines of crude oil refining units will gradually become uneven and irregular surfaces. Ultrasonic thickness measurement technology is based on the time difference of ultrasonic reflection signals on the two surfaces of the measured object. When the inner wall of the measured container or pipeline becomes uneven, the ultrasonic signal will scatter on it, and as the roughness of the inner wall increases, the degree of scattering will become more serious, making the accuracy of the measurement results worse and worse. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on the above problems, the present invention proposes an ultrasonic thickness measurement method and device based on echo signal characteristic analysis, which is suitable for long-term continuous high-precision monitoring of containers or pipelines with highly corrosive media.

[0005] In view of this, a first aspect of the present invention proposes an ultrasonic thickness measurement method based on echo signal feature analysis, comprising: Determine several thickness monitoring points on the object to be measured; An ultrasonic thickness measuring device is fixedly installed at the thickness monitoring point to measure the wall thickness of the thickness monitoring point regularly; When the object to be measured is initially installed and the object to be measured is in a working state, an ultrasonic pulse signal is sent through the ultrasonic thickness measuring device to obtain a first echo signal; Extracting a first echo signal feature of the first echo signal, where the first echo signal feature is a signal feature reflecting the roughness of the inner wall of the object to be measured; Continuously measuring the thickness of the thickness monitoring point by using the ultrasonic thickness measuring device; Acquire a second echo signal of the ultrasonic pulse signal for each thickness measurement of the thickness monitoring point; Extracting a second echo signal feature of the second echo signal, where the second echo signal feature is a signal feature reflecting the roughness of the inner wall of the object to be measured; analyzing a difference in signal characteristics between the second echo signal characteristics and the first echo signal characteristics; Processing the second echo signal according to the signal characteristic difference; The thickness of the object to be measured is calculated based on the processed second signal.

[0006] Further, the first echo signal feature includes a pulse width of a reflected pulse signal and a background noise intensity of the echo signal, and the step of extracting the first echo signal feature of the first echo signal specifically includes: Determine a first reflected pulse signal and a second reflected pulse signal in the first echo signal, wherein the first reflected pulse signal is a pulse signal of the ultrasonic pulse signal emitted by the ultrasonic transducer reflected from the first surface of the object to be measured for the first time, and the second reflected pulse signal is a pulse signal of the ultrasonic pulse signal emitted by the ultrasonic transducer reflected from the second surface of the object to be measured for the first time, the first surface is a surface closer to the ultrasonic thickness measuring device, and the second surface is a surface farther from the ultrasonic thickness measuring device; Calculate a first pulse width of the first reflected pulse signal in the first echo signal and a second pulse width of the second reflected pulse signal ; According to the first pulse width And the second pulse width Determine a first no-signal interval in the first echo signal, where the first no-signal interval is a no-signal interval between the first reflected pulse signal and the second reflected pulse signal in the first echo signal; Calculate the first background noise intensity of the first signal-free interval.

[0007] Furthermore, the step of calculating the background noise intensity of the first signal-free interval specifically includes: In the first signal-free interval, the first echo signal strength is sampled and converted to obtain a background noise strength sequence: , in is the number of sampling points in the first signal-free interval; Calculate the first background noise intensity of the first signal-free interval based on the background noise intensity sequence: , in 1 to A positive integer between is the first elements.

[0008] Further, the first echo signal feature includes a pulse amplitude peak value of the reflected pulse signal, and the step of extracting the first echo signal feature of the first echo signal specifically includes: According to the first pulse width And the second pulse width determining a first reflected pulse interval and a second reflected pulse interval in the first echo signal; In the first reflected pulse interval, the first echo signal strength is sampled and converted to obtain a first amplitude sequence: , in is the number of sampling points in the first reflected pulse interval; In the second reflected pulse interval, the first echo signal strength is sampled and converted to obtain a second amplitude sequence: , in is the number of sampling points in the second reflected pulse interval; A first pulse amplitude peak value of the first reflected pulse signal and a second pulse amplitude peak value of the second reflected pulse signal are determined in the first amplitude sequence and the second amplitude sequence respectively: , in 1 to A positive integer between 1 to A positive integer between .

[0009] Further, the step of analyzing the signal feature difference between the second echo signal feature and the first echo signal feature specifically includes: Acquire the first pulse width calculated in the step of extracting the first echo signal feature of the first echo signal , the second pulse width , the first background noise intensity , the peak amplitude of the first pulse and the peak amplitude of the second pulse : Obtaining the third pulse width calculated in the step of extracting the second echo signal feature of the second echo signal , the fourth pulse width , the second background noise intensity , the third pulse amplitude peak and the fourth pulse amplitude peak : The first pulse width change of the second echo signal relative to the first echo signal is calculated respectively: , Second pulse width change: , Background noise intensity changes: , First amplitude decay: ,as well as Second amplitude decay: .

[0010] Furthermore, the step of processing the second echo signal according to the signal characteristic difference specifically includes: The surface parameters of the inner wall of the object to be measured are generated based on the signal characteristic difference, and the surface parameters include the average height of the surface profile of the inner wall of the object to be measured. , average width , height RMS , maximum peak height and the maximum valley depth One or more of; determining a propagation time offset and a phase offset of the second echo signal based on the surface parameters; The propagation time and phase of the second echo signal are corrected according to the propagation time offset and the phase offset.

[0011] Further, the step of determining the propagation time offset and the phase offset of the second echo signal based on the surface parameter specifically includes: Reading a pre-constructed offset data comparison table, wherein the offset data comparison table contains corresponding relationships between different surface parameter interval combinations and propagation time offset and phase offset of ultrasonic signals; The propagation time offset and phase offset corresponding to the surface parameters of the inner wall of the measured object are queried from the offset data comparison table as the propagation time offset and phase offset of the second echo signal.

[0012] Furthermore, the step of generating the surface parameters of the inner wall of the object under test based on the signal characteristic difference specifically includes: Loading an ultrasonic signal analysis model for analyzing the roughness of the inner wall of the object being tested; The input data of the ultrasonic signal analysis model is constructed, wherein the input data is a first pulse width change of the second echo signal relative to the first echo signal. , the second pulse width changes , background noise intensity changes , the first amplitude decay and the second amplitude decay The data sequence constituted; The input data is input into the ultrasonic signal analysis model to obtain the surface parameters of the inner wall of the object to be measured.

[0013] Furthermore, the step of calculating the thickness of the object to be measured based on the processed second signal specifically includes: Determine a fifth reflected pulse signal and a sixth reflected pulse signal in the processed second echo signal, wherein the fifth reflected pulse signal is a pulse signal of the ultrasonic pulse signal emitted by the ultrasonic transducer being reflected from the first surface of the object to be measured for the first time, and the sixth reflected pulse signal is a pulse signal of the ultrasonic pulse signal emitted by the ultrasonic transducer being reflected from the second surface of the object to be measured for the first time; Determining a first peak point in the fifth reflected pulse signal and determining a second peak point in the sixth reflected pulse signal; The thickness of the object to be measured is calculated according to the first peak point and the second peak point.

[0014] The second aspect of the present invention proposes an ultrasonic thickness measurement device based on echo signal feature analysis, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the processor executes a computer program stored in the memory to implement the ultrasonic thickness measurement method based on echo signal feature analysis as described in any one of the first aspects of the present invention.

[0015] The present invention proposes an ultrasonic thickness measurement method and device based on echo signal feature analysis. The ultrasonic thickness measurement device is fixedly installed at a plurality of thickness monitoring points on the measured object. When the measured object is initially installed and in a working state, a first echo signal of an ultrasonic pulse signal is obtained to reflect the first echo signal feature of the roughness of the inner wall of the measured object. The thickness of the thickness monitoring point is continuously measured by the ultrasonic thickness measurement device. A second echo signal of the ultrasonic pulse signal is obtained for each measurement to reflect the second echo signal feature of the roughness of the inner wall of the measured object. The signal feature difference between the second echo signal feature and the first echo signal feature is analyzed. The second echo signal is processed according to the signal feature difference. The thickness of the measured object is calculated based on the processed second echo signal. The method is suitable for long-term continuous high-precision monitoring of containers or pipelines of highly corrosive media. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 The present invention is a flowchart of an ultrasonic thickness measurement method based on echo signal feature analysis provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned purpose, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0018] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0019] In the description of the present invention, the term "multiple" refers to two or more. Unless otherwise clearly defined, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. The terms "connection", "installation", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second", etc. can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more.

[0020] In the description of this specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some implementations", "specific embodiments", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0021] The ultrasonic thickness measurement method and device based on echo signal feature analysis provided in some embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, the first aspect of the present invention proposes an ultrasonic thickness measurement method based on echo signal feature analysis, comprising: Determine several thickness monitoring points on the object to be measured; An ultrasonic thickness measuring device is fixedly installed at the thickness monitoring point to measure the wall thickness of the thickness monitoring point regularly; When the object to be measured is initially installed and the object to be measured is in a working state, an ultrasonic pulse signal is sent through the ultrasonic thickness measuring device to obtain a first echo signal; Extracting a first echo signal feature of the first echo signal, where the first echo signal feature is a signal feature reflecting the roughness of the inner wall of the object to be measured; Continuously measuring the thickness of the thickness monitoring point by using the ultrasonic thickness measuring device; Acquire a second echo signal of the ultrasonic pulse signal for each thickness measurement of the thickness monitoring point; Extracting a second echo signal feature of the second echo signal, where the second echo signal feature is a signal feature reflecting the roughness of the inner wall of the object to be measured; analyzing a difference in signal characteristics between the second echo signal characteristics and the first echo signal characteristics; Processing the second echo signal according to the signal characteristic difference; The thickness of the object to be measured is calculated based on the processed second signal.

[0023] Specifically, the object to be measured may be a container or pipeline in a crude oil refining device that stores or transports highly corrosive fluids. Since the present invention uses a fixed installation method to measure the thickness monitoring points of the object to be measured, the selection of the thickness monitoring points is crucial. Usually, the parts that are severely corroded are selected for monitoring, such as setting thickness monitoring points on pipelines with high particle content in the fluid and fast fluid flow rate, especially setting thickness monitoring points at fluid intersections such as elbows or tees on the pipeline that are strongly impacted by the fluid to monitor changes in thickness.

[0024] In the technical solutions of some embodiments of the present invention, the ultrasonic thickness measuring device includes an ultrasonic transducer for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic signals and a waveguide rod for transmitting ultrasonic signals, one end of the waveguide rod is fixedly mounted on the object to be measured so that one end of the waveguide rod is in close contact with a thickness monitoring point on the object to be measured, and the ultrasonic transducer is mounted on the other end of the waveguide rod, and the ultrasonic signal emitted by the ultrasonic transducer is transmitted from the waveguide rod to the thickness monitoring point. The ultrasonic transducer calculates the thickness of the thickness monitoring point by monitoring the ultrasonic echo signals reflected from the two surfaces of the thickness monitoring point transmitted on the waveguide rod.

[0025] It should be noted that within a period of time after the container or pipeline is installed on site and put into use, its inner wall has not been affected by corrosion and has not become rough and uneven, that is, in the early stage of its use, its inner wall surface still maintains the relatively flat and smooth state when it leaves the factory. In the technical scheme of the present invention, the stage in which the inner wall surface of the object to be measured still maintains the relatively flat and smooth state when it leaves the factory is called the initial installation stage. The object to be measured is in a working state, which means that the entire equipment installed by the object to be measured, such as a crude oil refining device, is in a working state as a whole, so that the first echo signal contains the background noise of the object to be measured in a working state. That is, the first echo signal referred to in the present invention refers to the ultrasonic transducer sending an ultrasonic pulse signal to the object through a waveguide rod when the inner wall surface of the object to be measured still maintains the relatively flat and smooth state when it leaves the factory, and the object to be measured is in a working state, and the ultrasonic echo signal obtained is measured. That is, the first echo signal feature is a signal feature reflecting the roughness of the inner wall of the object to be measured at the initial stage of the use of the object to be measured.

[0026] Furthermore, the ultrasonic thickness measuring device should be installed on the object to be measured before the object to be measured is put into use, so that the ultrasonic thickness measuring device can measure the first echo signal in the initial stage after the object to be measured is put into use, and extract the first echo signal characteristics of the object to be measured in the initial stage after installation and use.

[0027] After the step of extracting the first echo signal feature of the first echo signal, the thickness of the thickness monitoring point can be measured by configuring a specific thickness monitoring period. Since the thickness of the container or pipeline changes very slowly due to corrosion, the thickness monitoring period can be configured as a relatively long time, which can be configured as a time in weeks or months. Of course, the operator can also customize the measurement time instead of using the periodic monitoring method, such as directly configuring the timetable for measurement, which can be composed of several time points in the format of year, month, day, hour, minute, and second.

[0028] The second echo signal referred to in the present invention is an ultrasonic echo signal of an ultrasonic pulse signal sent in a thickness measurement operation whose measurement date is later than the measurement date of obtaining the first echo signal. Similarly, in the step of continuously measuring the thickness of the thickness monitoring point by the ultrasonic thickness measuring device, the measurement is still performed when the object to be measured is in a working state. Therefore, the second echo signal feature is a signal feature that reflects the roughness of the inner wall of the object to be measured after the object to be measured has been put into use for a period of time.

[0029] Since the first echo signal feature and the second echo signal feature reflect the signal features of the roughness of the inner wall of the measured object at different stages, the signal feature difference between the second echo signal feature and the first echo signal feature can reflect the change in the roughness of the inner wall of the measured object at different stages. The present invention optimizes the processing of the second echo signal by quantifying the change in the roughness of the inner wall of the measured object at different stages, thereby improving the accuracy of the thickness measurement of the measured object.

[0030] Further, the first echo signal feature includes a pulse width of a reflected pulse signal and a background noise intensity of the echo signal, and the step of extracting the first echo signal feature of the first echo signal specifically includes: Determine a first reflected pulse signal and a second reflected pulse signal in the first echo signal, wherein the first reflected pulse signal is a pulse signal of the ultrasonic pulse signal emitted by the ultrasonic transducer reflected from the first surface of the object to be measured for the first time, and the second reflected pulse signal is a pulse signal of the ultrasonic pulse signal emitted by the ultrasonic transducer reflected from the second surface of the object to be measured for the first time, the first surface is a surface closer to the ultrasonic thickness measuring device, and the second surface is a surface farther from the ultrasonic thickness measuring device; Calculate a first pulse width of the first reflected pulse signal in the first echo signal and a second pulse width of the second reflected pulse signal ; According to the first pulse width And the second pulse width Determine a first no-signal interval in the first echo signal, where the first no-signal interval is a no-signal interval between the first reflected pulse signal and the second reflected pulse signal in the first echo signal; Calculate the first background noise intensity of the first signal-free interval.

[0031] Specifically, the object to be measured has a first surface and a second surface at the thickness monitoring point, the first surface is the surface closer to the ultrasonic thickness measuring device, that is, the outer surface of the object to be measured, and the second surface is the surface farther from the ultrasonic thickness measuring device, that is, the inner surface of the object to be measured, or the inner wall of the object to be measured.

[0032] In the technical solution of the present invention, the pulse width refers to the time length of the pulse waveform, that is, the first pulse width is the time length that the first reflected pulse signal occupies in the first echo signal. Similarly, the second pulse width is the time length that the second reflected pulse signal occupies in the first echo signal.

[0033] Since the ultrasonic pulse signal will experience multiple reflections in the object to be measured and the waveguide rod, when the signal strength is large enough, there will be multiple pulse waveforms in the first echo signal, and the interval between every two adjacent pulse waveforms is a signal-free interval. The first signal-free interval specifically refers to a signal-free interval between the first reflected pulse signal and the second reflected pulse signal in the first echo signal.

[0034] Furthermore, the step of determining a first reflected pulse signal and a second reflected pulse signal in the first echo signal specifically includes: Get the pre-configured time difference threshold ; Get the length of the waveguide rod and the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the waveguide rod ; Get the initial thickness of the thickness monitoring point And the propagation speed of ultrasound in the object being measured ; Center the pulse at The pulse signal at the time point is determined as the first reflected pulse signal, wherein satisfy: ; Center the pulse at The pulse signal at the time point is determined as the second reflected pulse signal, wherein satisfy: ; in is the time point when the ultrasonic pulse signal is emitted by the ultrasonic transducer.

[0035] Further, a first pulse width of the first reflected pulse signal is calculated in the first echo signal. and a second pulse width of the second reflected pulse signal The steps specifically include: Monitoring the real-time signal strength of the first echo signal; Determine the boundary time point of each reflected pulse signal according to the real-time signal strength; Calculate the first pulse width of the first reflected pulse signal based on the boundary time point and a second pulse width of the second reflected pulse signal .

[0036] In the technical scheme of the above-mentioned implementation mode, a boundary signal strength threshold can be configured according to the empirical value of the background noise or the background noise obtained in the last measurement, so as to determine the boundary time point of each reflected pulse signal by using the difference between the real-time signal strength and the boundary signal strength threshold.

[0037] Furthermore, the step of calculating the background noise intensity of the first signal-free interval specifically includes: In the first signal-free interval, the first echo signal strength is sampled and converted to obtain a background noise strength sequence: , in is the number of sampling points in the first signal-free interval; Calculate the first background noise intensity of the first signal-free interval based on the background noise intensity sequence: , in 1 to A positive integer between is the first elements.

[0038] Specifically, the background noise intensity sequence is composed of the sound pressure of the ultrasonic signal detected by the ultrasonic transducer at each sampling time point. In the technical solution of the above embodiment, the root mean square of the sound pressure sampling value in the first signal-free interval is used. As the first background noise intensity, the rms The fluctuation characteristics of the background noise signal of the first echo signal are taken into consideration, and the energy of the background noise of the first echo signal can be effectively reflected, that is, the intensity of the background noise of the first echo signal is quantified from the perspective of energy.

[0039] Further, the first echo signal feature includes a pulse amplitude peak value of the reflected pulse signal, and the step of extracting the first echo signal feature of the first echo signal specifically includes: According to the first pulse width And the second pulse width determining a first reflected pulse interval and a second reflected pulse interval in the first echo signal; In the first reflected pulse interval, the first echo signal strength is sampled and converted to obtain a first amplitude sequence: , in is the number of sampling points in the first reflected pulse interval; In the second reflected pulse interval, the first echo signal strength is sampled and converted to obtain a second amplitude sequence: , in is the number of sampling points in the second reflected pulse interval; A first pulse amplitude peak value of the first reflected pulse signal and a second pulse amplitude peak value of the second reflected pulse signal are determined in the first amplitude sequence and the second amplitude sequence respectively: , in 1 to A positive integer between 1 to A positive integer between .

[0040] Specifically, the first reflected pulse interval refers to the time interval of the first reflected pulse signal in the first echo signal, and the second reflected pulse interval refers to the time interval of the first reflected pulse signal in the second echo signal. is the first pulse amplitude peak value of the first reflected pulse signal. is the second pulse amplitude peak value of the second reflected pulse signal.

[0041] Further, the step of analyzing the signal feature difference between the second echo signal feature and the first echo signal feature specifically includes: Acquire the first pulse width calculated in the step of extracting the first echo signal feature of the first echo signal , the second pulse width , the first background noise intensity , the peak amplitude of the first pulse and the peak amplitude of the second pulse : Obtaining the third pulse width calculated in the step of extracting the second echo signal feature of the second echo signal , the fourth pulse width , the second background noise intensity , the third pulse amplitude peak and the fourth pulse amplitude peak : The first pulse width change of the second echo signal relative to the first echo signal is calculated respectively: , Second pulse width change: , Background noise intensity changes: , First amplitude decay: ,as well as Second amplitude decay: .

[0042] Furthermore, the step of extracting the second echo signal feature of the second echo signal also includes the step of determining a third reflected pulse signal and a fourth reflected pulse signal in the second echo signal, wherein the third reflected pulse signal is a pulse signal of the ultrasonic pulse signal emitted by the ultrasonic transducer reflected from the first surface of the object under test for the first time, and the fourth reflected pulse signal is a pulse signal of the ultrasonic pulse signal emitted by the ultrasonic transducer reflected from the second surface of the object under test for the first time. It should be known that although the third reflected pulse signal and the fourth reflected pulse signal are literally the same as the first reflected pulse signal and the second reflected pulse signal, the time of the ultrasonic pulse signal emitted by the ultrasonic transducer mentioned therein is different.

[0043] In the technical solution of the above embodiment, the third pulse width is the time length occupied by the third reflected pulse signal in the second echo signal. Similarly, the fourth pulse width is the time length occupied by the fourth reflected pulse signal in the second echo signal.

[0044] Furthermore, the step of extracting the second echo signal feature of the second echo signal further includes extracting the second echo signal feature according to the third pulse width and the fourth pulse width The step of determining a second no-signal interval in the second echo signal, wherein the second no-signal interval is a no-signal interval in the second echo signal located between the third reflected pulse signal and the fourth reflected pulse signal.

[0045] In the technical solution of the above-mentioned implementation mode, the root mean square of the sound pressure sampling value in the second signal-free interval is used. As the second background noise intensity, the rms The fluctuation characteristics of the background noise signal of the second echo signal are taken into consideration, and the energy of the background noise of the second echo signal can be effectively reflected, that is, the intensity of the background noise of the second echo signal is quantified from the perspective of energy.

[0046] Furthermore, the step of extracting the second echo signal feature of the second echo signal also includes sampling the second echo signal intensity in the third reflection pulse interval and converting it to obtain a third amplitude sequence, sampling the second echo signal intensity in the fourth reflection pulse interval and converting it to obtain a fourth amplitude sequence, and determining the third pulse amplitude peak value of the third reflection pulse signal in the third amplitude sequence and the fourth amplitude sequence respectively. and a fourth pulse amplitude peak value of the fourth reflected pulse signal steps.

[0047] Furthermore, the step of processing the second echo signal according to the signal characteristic difference specifically includes: The surface parameters of the inner wall of the object to be measured are generated based on the signal characteristic difference, and the surface parameters include the average height of the surface profile of the inner wall of the object to be measured. , average width , height RMS , maximum peak height and the maximum valley depth One or more of; determining a propagation time offset and a phase offset of the second echo signal based on the surface parameters; The propagation time and phase of the second echo signal are corrected according to the propagation time offset and the phase offset.

[0048] The surface parameter of the inner wall of the measured object reflects the surface roughness of the inner wall of the measured object at the measurement time point corresponding to the second echo signal. A reference plane is defined on the inner wall surface of the measured object. The reference plane can be the surface of the inner wall of the measured object in an ideal smooth state. The actual position of any point on the inner wall surface of the measured object relative to the reference plane is defined as its height The maximum width of the cross section where each local contour on the inner wall surface of the measured object intersects with the reference plane is defined as its width The position of the monitoring point on the inner wall surface of the object to be measured is randomly determined. target points, the height of each target point is ,in 1 to If the average height is a positive integer between It can be defined as: ; The height RMS It can be defined as: ; The maximum peak height It can be defined as: ; The maximum valley depth It can be defined as: .

[0049] The position corresponding to the monitoring point on the inner wall surface of the measured object is randomly determined local contours, each with a width of ,in 1 to If the average width is a positive integer between It can be defined as: .

[0050] It should be noted that the above height of the target point and the width of the local contour The definition is only for the convenience of explaining the average height and the average width The meaning of does not mean that it is necessary to destroy the object to be measured in order to measure the height of these target points or the width of the local contour from its inner wall.

[0051] Furthermore, the step of correcting the propagation time and phase of the second echo signal according to the propagation time offset and the phase offset specifically includes correcting the propagation time and phase of the fourth reflected pulse signal in the second echo signal.

[0052] Further, the step of determining the propagation time offset and the phase offset of the second echo signal based on the surface parameter specifically includes: Reading a pre-constructed offset data comparison table, wherein the offset data comparison table contains corresponding relationships between different surface parameter interval combinations and propagation time offset and phase offset of ultrasonic signals; The propagation time offset and phase offset corresponding to the surface parameters of the inner wall of the measured object are queried from the offset data comparison table as the propagation time offset and phase offset of the second echo signal.

[0053] Specifically, the offset data comparison table is a pre-constructed empirical data table, which stores a large amount of empirical data on the correspondence between surface parameters and ultrasonic propagation time offset and phase offset. These empirical data are obtained by conducting a large number of experimental tests in a laboratory environment using objects with different surface parameters.

[0054] In the technical solutions of some embodiments of the present invention, the empirical data in the offset data comparison table are measured under specific measured object materials, specific ultrasonic parameters, and specific waveguide rod lengths. The so-called specific measured object materials, specific ultrasonic parameters, and specific waveguide rod lengths are the materials used for the pressure vessels and pipelines of the crude oil refining device of the present invention, and the ultrasonic parameters and waveguide rod lengths used by the ultrasonic pulse signals sent by the ultrasonic thickness measuring device of the present invention. The above are only the technical solutions adopted by some embodiments of the present invention. Under sufficient experimental conditions and experimental time, different ultrasonic parameters, different measured object materials, and different waveguide rod lengths can also be tested to obtain more experimental data.

[0055] Furthermore, the step of generating the surface parameters of the inner wall of the object under test based on the signal characteristic difference specifically includes: Loading an ultrasonic signal analysis model for analyzing the roughness of the inner wall of the object being tested; The input data of the ultrasonic signal analysis model is constructed, wherein the input data is a first pulse width change of the second echo signal relative to the first echo signal. , the second pulse width changes , background noise intensity changes , the first amplitude decay and the second amplitude decay The data sequence constituted; The input data is input into the ultrasonic signal analysis model to obtain the surface parameters of the inner wall of the object to be measured.

[0056] Specifically, the ultrasonic signal analysis model uses the data sequence composed of the difference items in the signal characteristic difference as input data and the surface parameters of the inner wall of the object under test as output data. The difference items in the signal characteristic difference include the first pulse width change of the second echo signal relative to the first echo signal. , the second pulse width changes , background noise intensity changes , the first amplitude decay and the second amplitude decay .

[0057] The ultrasonic signal analysis model is a neural network model obtained by deep learning training, which can be trained by using experimental data measured under laboratory conditions as sample data. For example, collect or make experimental materials with inner wall surfaces of different roughness and the same material as the object to be measured, use means such as 3D structured light to obtain its surface parameters, and install it in the ultrasonic thickness measuring device to measure and obtain corresponding ultrasonic signal data, and compare it with the measurement data of the experimental material with smooth surfaces on both sides to obtain the propagation time offset and phase offset of its echo signal as sample data for training the ultrasonic signal analysis model.

[0058] Furthermore, the step of calculating the thickness of the object to be measured based on the processed second signal specifically includes: Determine a fifth reflected pulse signal and a sixth reflected pulse signal in the processed second echo signal, wherein the fifth reflected pulse signal is a pulse signal of the ultrasonic pulse signal emitted by the ultrasonic transducer being reflected from the first surface of the object to be measured for the first time, and the sixth reflected pulse signal is a pulse signal of the ultrasonic pulse signal emitted by the ultrasonic transducer being reflected from the second surface of the object to be measured for the first time; Determining a first peak point in the fifth reflected pulse signal and determining a second peak point in the sixth reflected pulse signal; The thickness of the object to be measured is calculated according to the first peak point and the second peak point.

[0059] It should be known that before the step of calculating the thickness of the object to be measured based on the processed second echo signal, in addition to processing the second echo signal using the signal characteristic difference, it also includes performing noise filtering processing, signal curve smoothing processing, and effective signal amplification processing on the second echo signal.

[0060] Exemplarily, in the processed second echo signal, the time of the first peak point is , the time of the second peak point is , then the thickness of the object to be measured is: .

[0061] The second aspect of the present invention proposes an ultrasonic thickness measurement device based on echo signal feature analysis, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the processor executes a computer program stored in the memory to implement the ultrasonic thickness measurement method based on echo signal feature analysis as described in any one of the first aspects of the present invention.

[0062] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the statement "comprise a ..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0063] According to the embodiments of the present invention as described above, these embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made based on the above description. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can make good use of the present invention and the modified use based on the present invention. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic thickness measurement method based on echo signal characteristic analysis, characterized in that: include: Determine several thickness monitoring points on the object to be measured; An ultrasonic thickness measuring device is fixedly installed at the thickness monitoring point to measure the wall thickness of the thickness monitoring point regularly; When the object to be measured is initially installed and the object to be measured is in a working state, an ultrasonic pulse signal is sent through the ultrasonic thickness measuring device to obtain a first echo signal; Extracting a first echo signal feature of the first echo signal, where the first echo signal feature is a signal feature reflecting the roughness of the inner wall of the object to be measured; Continuously measuring the thickness of the thickness monitoring point by using the ultrasonic thickness measuring device; Acquire a second echo signal of the ultrasonic pulse signal for each thickness measurement of the thickness monitoring point; Extracting a second echo signal feature of the second echo signal, where the second echo signal feature is a signal feature reflecting the roughness of the inner wall of the object to be measured; analyzing a difference in signal characteristics between the second echo signal characteristics and the first echo signal characteristics; Processing the second echo signal according to the signal characteristic difference; The thickness of the object to be measured is calculated based on the processed second signal.

2. The ultrasonic thickness measurement method based on echo signal characteristic analysis according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first echo signal feature includes a pulse width of a reflected pulse signal and a background noise intensity of the echo signal. The step of extracting the first echo signal feature of the first echo signal specifically includes: Determine a first reflected pulse signal and a second reflected pulse signal in the first echo signal, wherein the first reflected pulse signal is a pulse signal of the ultrasonic pulse signal emitted by the ultrasonic transducer reflected from the first surface of the object to be measured for the first time, and the second reflected pulse signal is a pulse signal of the ultrasonic pulse signal emitted by the ultrasonic transducer reflected from the second surface of the object to be measured for the first time, the first surface is a surface closer to the ultrasonic thickness measuring device, and the second surface is a surface farther from the ultrasonic thickness measuring device; Calculate a first pulse width of the first reflected pulse signal in the first echo signal and a second pulse width of the second reflected pulse signal ; According to the first pulse width And the second pulse width Determine a first no-signal interval in the first echo signal, where the first no-signal interval is a no-signal interval between the first reflected pulse signal and the second reflected pulse signal in the first echo signal; Calculate the first background noise intensity of the first signal-free interval.

3. The ultrasonic thickness measurement method based on echo signal characteristic analysis according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The step of calculating the background noise intensity of the first signal-free interval specifically includes: In the first signal-free interval, the first echo signal strength is sampled and converted to obtain a background noise strength sequence: ， in is the number of sampling points in the first signal-free interval; Calculate the first background noise intensity of the first signal-free interval based on the background noise intensity sequence: ， in 1 to A positive integer between is the first elements.

4. The ultrasonic thickness measurement method based on echo signal characteristic analysis according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The first echo signal feature includes a pulse amplitude peak value of the reflected pulse signal, and the step of extracting the first echo signal feature of the first echo signal specifically includes: According to the first pulse width And the second pulse width determining a first reflected pulse interval and a second reflected pulse interval in the first echo signal; In the first reflected pulse interval, the first echo signal strength is sampled and converted to obtain a first amplitude sequence: ， in is the number of sampling points in the first reflected pulse interval; In the second reflected pulse interval, the first echo signal strength is sampled and converted to obtain a second amplitude sequence: ， in is the number of sampling points in the second reflected pulse interval; A first pulse amplitude peak value of the first reflected pulse signal and a second pulse amplitude peak value of the second reflected pulse signal are determined in the first amplitude sequence and the second amplitude sequence respectively: ， in 1 to A positive integer between 1 to A positive integer between .

5. The ultrasonic thickness measurement method based on echo signal characteristic analysis according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The step of analyzing the signal feature difference between the second echo signal feature and the first echo signal feature specifically includes: Acquire the first pulse width calculated in the step of extracting the first echo signal feature of the first echo signal , the second pulse width , the first background noise intensity , the peak amplitude of the first pulse and the peak amplitude of the second pulse : Obtaining the third pulse width calculated in the step of extracting the second echo signal feature of the second echo signal , the fourth pulse width , the second background noise intensity , the third pulse amplitude peak and the fourth pulse amplitude peak : The first pulse width change of the second echo signal relative to the first echo signal is calculated respectively: 、 Second pulse width change: 、 Background noise intensity changes: 、 First amplitude decay: ,as well as Second amplitude decay: 。 6. The ultrasonic thickness measurement method based on echo signal characteristic analysis according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The step of processing the second echo signal according to the signal characteristic difference specifically includes: The surface parameters of the inner wall of the object to be measured are generated based on the signal characteristic difference, and the surface parameters include the average height of the surface profile of the inner wall of the object to be measured. , average width , height RMS , maximum peak height and the maximum valley depth One or more of; determining a propagation time offset and a phase offset of the second echo signal based on the surface parameters; The propagation time and phase of the second echo signal are corrected according to the propagation time offset and the phase offset.

7. The ultrasonic thickness measurement method based on echo signal characteristic analysis according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The step of determining the propagation time offset and the phase offset of the second echo signal based on the surface parameters specifically includes: Reading a pre-constructed offset data comparison table, wherein the offset data comparison table contains corresponding relationships between different surface parameter interval combinations and propagation time offset and phase offset of ultrasonic signals; The propagation time offset and phase offset corresponding to the surface parameters of the inner wall of the measured object are queried from the offset data comparison table as the propagation time offset and phase offset of the second echo signal.

8. The ultrasonic thickness measurement method based on echo signal characteristic analysis according to claim 6, characterized in that: The step of generating the surface parameters of the inner wall of the object to be measured based on the signal characteristic difference specifically includes: Loading an ultrasonic signal analysis model for analyzing the roughness of the inner wall of the object being tested; The input data of the ultrasonic signal analysis model is constructed, wherein the input data is a first pulse width change of the second echo signal relative to the first echo signal. , the second pulse width changes , background noise intensity changes , the first amplitude decay and the second amplitude decay The data sequence constituted; The input data is input into the ultrasonic signal analysis model to obtain the surface parameters of the inner wall of the object to be measured.

9. The ultrasonic thickness measurement method based on echo signal characteristic analysis according to claim 6, characterized in that: The steps of calculating the thickness of the object to be measured based on the processed second signal specifically include: Determine a fifth reflected pulse signal and a sixth reflected pulse signal in the processed second echo signal, wherein the fifth reflected pulse signal is a pulse signal of the ultrasonic pulse signal emitted by the ultrasonic transducer being reflected from the first surface of the object to be measured for the first time, and the sixth reflected pulse signal is a pulse signal of the ultrasonic pulse signal emitted by the ultrasonic transducer being reflected from the second surface of the object to be measured for the first time; Determining a first peak point in the fifth reflected pulse signal and determining a second peak point in the sixth reflected pulse signal; The thickness of the object to be measured is calculated according to the first peak point and the second peak point.

10. An ultrasonic thickness measuring device based on echo signal characteristic analysis, characterized in that: The method comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the processor executes a computer program stored in the memory to implement the ultrasonic thickness measurement method based on echo signal feature analysis according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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