Method, device and equipment for characterizing palaeo-ridge build-up systems, and storage medium

Abstract

This application discloses a method, apparatus, equipment, and storage medium for characterizing ancient spreading ridge formation systems, relating to the field of data processing technology. The method includes: acquiring multidimensional geological and geophysical data characterizing the ancient spreading ridge formation system; determining target feature data for the study area based on the multidimensional geological and geophysical data; wherein the target feature data includes the geomorphic features, sequence stratigraphy, development location and extension length of fault systems, igneous diapiric structures, and the distribution of magnetic anomaly bands in the study area; constructing a corresponding scene of geomorphology, sequence stratigraphy, and fault systems based on the target feature data, determining the dynamic mechanism of the ancient spreading ridge development process, and then constructing a geological model characterizing the ancient spreading ridge formation system. By comprehensively considering multiple factors in the development of the ancient spreading ridge formation system, it is possible to explain in detail the geodynamic mechanism of the ancient spreading ridge formation system characterization process and to more closely approximate the tectonic-sedimentary evolution process of the actual ancient spreading ridge.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of data processing technology, and in particular to a characterization method, apparatus, equipment and storage medium for an ancient expansion ridge formation system. Background Technology

[0002] The formation system of ancient spreading ridges in ocean basins contains important evidence of seafloor spreading and the formation and evolution of ocean basins. It is also part of the complex dynamic processes of oceanic plates, and its oceanic crustal magmatic activity and hydrothermal circulation are directly related to hydrothermal mineral resources. The characterization of ancient spreading ridge formation systems is the foundation for in-depth scientific innovation and resource exploration. The formation of ancient spreading ridge formation systems is controlled by multiple factors. Under large-scale tectonic settings, the development of sedimentary strata and the shaping of topography are both under the control of these factors. Topographic modification is influenced by tectonic processes and sedimentary environments, and sedimentary strata are filled and deformed under tectonic processes. However, the relevant technologies for understanding ancient spreading ridge formation systems are still relatively superficial or one-sided, making it difficult to achieve a refined interpretation of these systems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main objective of this application is to provide a method, apparatus, device, and storage medium for characterizing ancient spreading ridge formation systems, so as to improve the precision of characterizing ancient spreading ridge formation systems.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, one aspect of this application proposes a method for characterizing ancient spreading ridge formation systems, the method comprising the following steps:

[0005] Acquire multidimensional geological and geophysical data characterizing paleospreading ridge formation systems;

[0006] The target characteristic data of the study area are determined based on the geological-geophysical multidimensional data; wherein, the target characteristic data includes the geomorphic features, sequence stratigraphic structure, development location and extension length of the fault system, igneous diapiric structures and distribution of magnetic anomaly stripes of the study area;

[0007] Based on the target feature data, a corresponding scene of landforms, sequence stratigraphy and the fault system is constructed, and the dynamic mechanism of the development process of the ancient spreading ridge is determined, thereby constructing a geological model characterizing the ancient spreading ridge formation system.

[0008] In some embodiments, the step of determining the geomorphic features based on the geological-geophysical multidimensional data includes the following steps:

[0009] Seabed topographic parameters are determined based on multibeam bathymetry data from the aforementioned geological-geophysical multidimensional data.

[0010] Different types of geomorphic units are divided according to the seabed topographic parameters;

[0011] The landform is formed by the morphological characteristics and material composition of each of the aforementioned landform units;

[0012] Different geomorphic systems are formed by utilizing the structural, sedimentary, and genetic characteristics of each of the aforementioned geomorphic features;

[0013] The spatial arrangement of each of the aforementioned landform systems within the study area is determined as the landform feature.

[0014] In some embodiments, the step of determining the sequence stratigraphy based on the geological-geophysical multidimensional data includes the following steps:

[0015] Based on the seismic profiles, shallow stratigraphic profiles, and drilling data in the aforementioned geological-geophysical multidimensional data, the characteristics of seismic reflection surfaces and lithological abrupt change surfaces are determined;

[0016] Sequence stratigraphic interfaces are identified based on the characteristics of the seismic reflection surface and the lithological abrupt change surface, and sequence stratigraphic sequences are divided based on the sequence stratigraphic interfaces to obtain the sequence stratigraphic structure.

[0017] In some embodiments, the step of determining the development location and extension length of the fault system based on the geological-geophysical multidimensional data includes the following steps:

[0018] Based on the geological-geophysical multidimensional data, the location of the reflected wave is identified as the location of the wave break, the abrupt change in the number of the same axis of the reflected wave, the abrupt change in the shape of the same axis of the reflected wave, the irregularity of the reflected wave and the appearance of blank reflection, the bifurcation, merging, twisting of the same axis of the reflected wave, the strong phase and strong amplitude conversion, or the appearance of abnormal waves.

[0019] The fault locations are identified on the seismic profile, the fault points are marked at the fault locations, and the fault points are connected to obtain the fault lines;

[0020] Based on the fault lines, the fault points belonging to the same fault on each of the seismic profiles are combined on a plane to obtain a planar distribution map of the fault system; wherein, the planar distribution map includes the development location and the extension length of the fault system.

[0021] In some embodiments, the step of combining the fault points belonging to the same fault on each of the seismic profiles according to the fault line on a plane to obtain a planar distribution map of the fault system includes the following steps:

[0022] First, based on the fault lines, the fault points belonging to the basin-controlling level faults on each of the seismic profiles are combined on a plane. Then, based on the fault lines, the fault points of the secondary faults belonging to the basin-controlling level faults on each of the seismic profiles are combined on a plane to obtain the fault surface, fault attitude, fault point, fault displacement, and fault strike of each fault, thereby obtaining a planar distribution map of the fault system. Among them, when combining each fault point, the strata attitude variation law of the same fault is the same and the fault point combination conforms to the law of fracture mechanics.

[0023] In some embodiments, the step of determining the igneous diapiric structure based on the geological-geophysical multidimensional data includes the following steps:

[0024] Based on the seismic reflection characteristics in the geological-geophysical multidimensional data, piercing-type igneous bodies and hidden-piercing-type igneous bodies were identified, and the morphological characteristics and planar distribution of the piercing-type igneous bodies and the hidden-piercing-type igneous bodies were determined as the igneous diapiric structures.

[0025] In some embodiments, the method further includes the following steps:

[0026] Add the distribution of the igneous diapiric structure and the magnetic anomaly stripes to the planar distribution map of the fracture system.

[0027] To achieve the above objectives, another aspect of this application proposes a characterization device for paleofra-spreading ridge formation systems, the device comprising:

[0028] The data acquisition unit is used to acquire multidimensional geological and geophysical data characterizing the ancient spreading ridge formation system;

[0029] The feature acquisition unit is used to determine the target feature data of the study area based on the geological-geophysical multidimensional data; wherein, the target feature data includes the geomorphic features, sequence stratigraphic structure, development location and extension length of the fault system, igneous diapiric structures and distribution of magnetic anomaly stripes of the study area;

[0030] The model characterization unit is used to construct the corresponding scenes of landforms, sequence stratigraphy and the fault system based on the target feature data, determine the dynamic mechanism of the development process of the ancient spreading ridge, and then construct a geological model characterizing the ancient spreading ridge formation system.

[0031] To achieve the above objectives, another aspect of this application provides an electronic device, which includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the above-described method for characterizing an ancient spreading ridge formation system.

[0032] To achieve the above objectives, another aspect of the embodiments of this application proposes a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method for characterizing an ancient spreading ridge formation system.

[0033] The embodiments of this application include at least the following beneficial effects:

[0034] This application can obtain multidimensional geological and geophysical data characterizing ancient spreading ridge formation systems; determine target characteristic data for the study area based on the multidimensional geological and geophysical data; the target characteristic data includes geomorphic features, sequence stratigraphy, the location and extension length of fault systems, the distribution of igneous diapiric structures and magnetic anomaly bands in the study area; construct corresponding scenarios of geomorphology, sequence stratigraphy, and fault systems based on the target characteristic data, determine the dynamic mechanism of the ancient spreading ridge development process, and then construct a geological model characterizing the ancient spreading ridge formation system. The scheme of this application comprehensively considers multiple factors in the development of ancient spreading ridge formation systems. By linking topography, sedimentary evolution, and tectonic activity, it can detail the geodynamic mechanism of the ancient spreading ridge formation system characterization process and more closely approximate the tectonic-sedimentary evolution process of real ancient spreading ridges. This application can lay the foundation for further research on plate tectonics dynamics and hydrothermal mineral resource exploration. Attached Figure Description

[0035] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0036] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a characterization method for an ancient spreading ridge formation system provided in this application embodiment;

[0037] Figure 2 A reference flowchart for a characterization method of an ancient spreading ridge formation system provided for embodiments of this application;

[0038] Figure 3 Interpretive map of the ancient spreading ridge and its surrounding landforms provided for embodiments of this application;

[0039] Figure 4 Interpretive diagram of the central rift valley fault on a seismic profile provided in this application embodiment;

[0040] Figure 5 Interpretive diagram of igneous rock mass on a shallow seismic profile provided in this application embodiment;

[0041] Figure 6Plan view of the ancient spreading ridge and its surrounding tectonic system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0042] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a geological model of the ancient spreading ridge and its surrounding formation system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0043] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of a characterization device for an ancient spreading ridge formation system provided in this application embodiment;

[0044] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of this application and are not intended to limit it. In the following description, when referring to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with those of this application; they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of the embodiments of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0046] It is understood that the terms “first,” “second,” etc., used in this application may be used herein to describe various concepts, but unless otherwise stated, these concepts are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one concept from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the embodiments of this application, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information. Depending on the context, the words “if,” “when,” or “in response to a determination” as used herein may be interpreted as “when…” or “when…” or “in response to a determination.”

[0047] As used in this application, the terms "at least one", "multiple", "each", "any", etc., "at least one" includes one, two or more, "multiple" includes two or more, "each" refers to each of the corresponding multiples, and "any" refers to any one of the multiples.

[0048] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments of this application only and is not intended to limit this application.

[0049] Before providing a detailed description of the embodiments of this application, some related technologies involved in the embodiments of this application will be described first, as follows:

[0050] The formation system of ancient spreading ridges in ocean basins contains important evidence of seafloor spreading and the formation and evolution of ocean basins. It is also part of the complex dynamic processes of oceanic plates, and its oceanic crustal magmatic activity and hydrothermal circulation are directly related to hydrothermal mineral resources. Characterizing the formation system of ancient spreading ridges is the foundation for in-depth scientific innovation and resource exploration. The formation of ancient spreading ridge formation systems is controlled by multiple factors. Under the background of large-scale tectonic activity, the development of sedimentary strata and the shaping of topography are both under its control. Topographic modification is influenced by tectonic processes and sedimentary environments, and sedimentary strata are filled and deformed under tectonic activity. Therefore, the refined characterization of ancient spreading ridge formation systems is a method for integrated research on multiple factors such as tectonicity, sedimentation, and topography.

[0051] For example, obtaining a large amount of high-resolution seismic profiles, shallow stratigraphic profiles, magnetic data, and multibeam bathymetry data around the periphery of ancient spreading ridges allows for a clearer, more effective, and accurate understanding of the ridge's formation system. Through geophysical interpretation methods, it has been found that the geophysical fields and crustal structures of the central rift valley and its north and south flanks of the ancient spreading ridge exhibit symmetric characteristics, but also show differences in parameters such as extension range, orientation, and slope. Interpreting the topographic and geomorphic types and distribution characteristics of multibeam bathymetry data in the study area, alternating ridges, seamounts, troughs, and depressions were identified along the spreading central axis and on its north and south flanks. Based on seismic profiles and magnetic data interpretation, the northeast-trending central fault, the near-east-west trending linear structures, and the northwest- and northeast-trending conversion faults were identified. The ancient spreading ridge exhibits a discontinuous structure, which is presumed to be the result of northeast-southwest spreading of the studied basin from 56 to 45 Ma, north-south spreading from 45 to 33 / 30 Ma, and northeast-southwest seafloor rifting from 30 to 26 Ma. Seamounts and ridges are concentrated within a 50 km radius on both sides of the central rift valley. This area is the most active location of igneous diapiric structures. At the same time, the development of numerous ridges of varying sizes in the near-east-west direction is also a direct reflection of the dominance of igneous diapiric structures in the formation of ridge landforms on the seabed. To study the geophysical interpretation and analysis of the tectonic system of ancient spreading ridges in ocean basins, a geological model of the ancient spreading ridge and its surrounding tectonic system was established, and the dynamic mechanisms of seafloor spreading and ocean basin formation and evolution were reasonably interpreted.

[0052] Due to the enormous financial costs associated with deep-sea drilling and geophysical surveys for obtaining field data, the interpretation of ancient spreading ridge tectonic systems typically relies on one or a combination of these methods. These methods include interpreting magnetic anomaly stripes from globally available magnetic data, interpreting geomorphological structures using multibeam bathymetry data, and interpreting a single locally measured seismic profile. This approach extends the inference from a small local area to a broader understanding of sedimentary, tectonic, and topographical features. However, these methods provide only a superficial or incomplete understanding of ancient spreading ridge tectonic systems, hindering a precise interpretation.

[0053] Therefore, this application provides a method, apparatus, device, and storage medium for characterizing ancient spreading ridge formation systems. The technical solution of this application includes: acquiring multidimensional geological and geophysical data characterizing ancient spreading ridge formation systems; determining target feature data for the study area based on the multidimensional geological and geophysical data; wherein the target feature data includes geomorphic features, sequence stratigraphy, the development location and extension length of fault systems, the distribution of igneous diapiric structures and magnetic anomaly bands in the study area; constructing corresponding scenarios of geomorphology, sequence stratigraphy, and fault systems based on the target feature data, and determining the dynamic mechanism of the ancient spreading ridge development process, thereby constructing a geological model characterizing the ancient spreading ridge formation system. This application's solution comprehensively considers multiple factors in the development of ancient spreading ridge formation systems. By linking topography, sedimentary evolution, and tectonic activity, it can detail the geodynamic mechanism of the ancient spreading ridge formation system characterization process and more closely approximate the tectonic-sedimentary evolution process of real ancient spreading ridges. This application can lay the foundation for further research on plate tectonics dynamics and hydrothermal mineral resource exploration.

[0054] This application provides a method for characterizing an ancient spreading ridge formation system, relating to the field of data processing technology. The method provided can be applied to a terminal, a server, or software running on either a terminal or a server. In some embodiments, the terminal can be a smartphone, tablet, laptop, desktop computer, smart speaker, smartwatch, or in-vehicle terminal, but is not limited to these. The server can be configured as an independent physical server, a server cluster or distributed system composed of multiple physical servers, or a cloud server providing basic cloud computing services such as cloud services, cloud databases, cloud computing, cloud functions, cloud storage, network services, cloud communication, middleware services, domain name services, security services, CDN, and big data and artificial intelligence platforms. The server can also be a node server in a blockchain network. The software can be an application implementing the method for characterizing an ancient spreading ridge formation system, but is not limited to the above forms.

[0055] This application can be used in a wide variety of general-purpose or special-purpose computer system environments or configurations. Examples include: personal computers, server computers, handheld or portable devices, tablet devices, multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based systems, set-top boxes, programmable consumer electronics, network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, and distributed computing environments including any of the above systems or devices. This application can be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions executed by a computer, such as program modules. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc., that perform specific tasks or implement specific abstract data types. This application can also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices connected via a communication network. In distributed computing environments, program modules can reside in local and remote computer storage media, including storage devices.

[0056] Reference Figure 1 This application provides a method for characterizing an ancient spreading ridge formation system. This method may include, but is not limited to, steps S100 to S120, as follows:

[0057] S100: Acquire multidimensional geological and geophysical data characterizing the ancient spreading ridge formation system.

[0058] For example, this embodiment can collect geological and geophysical multidimensional data for characterizing ancient spreading ridge formation systems, including multibeam bathymetry data, gravity data, magnetic data, seismic profiles, shallow stratigraphic profiles, and drilling data, and then screen, classify, and organize the geological and geophysical multidimensional data.

[0059] S110: Determine the target feature data of the study area based on the geological-geophysical multidimensional data; wherein, the target feature data includes the geomorphic features, sequence stratigraphic structure, development location and extension length of the fault system, igneous diapiric structures and distribution of magnetic anomaly stripes of the study area.

[0060] It is understood that the target feature data in this embodiment can characterize the landform, strata and other features of the study area, and the geological characteristics of the study area can be understood based on the target feature data.

[0061] Next, we will explain each type of data in the target feature data.

[0062] In some optional embodiments, the step of determining the geomorphic features based on the geological-geophysical multidimensional data includes steps S200 to S240:

[0063] S200: Determine seabed topographic parameters based on the multibeam bathymetry data in the aforementioned geological-geophysical multidimensional data;

[0064] S210: Divide the seabed topographic parameters into different types of geomorphic units;

[0065] S220: The landform is formed according to the morphological characteristics and material composition of each of the landform units;

[0066] S230: Different geomorphic systems are formed by utilizing the structural features, sedimentary features, and genesis of each of the aforementioned geomorphic features;

[0067] S240: Determine the spatial arrangement of each of the landform systems within the study area as the landform feature.

[0068] Specifically, this embodiment can use multibeam bathymetry data of the study area to interpret the topographic features of the study area, identify the geomorphic unit types of the study area, and finely depict the morphology and distribution range of each type of geomorphic unit.

[0069] More specifically, geomorphic unit types are classified using seabed topographic parameters (such as elevation, isobaths, slope lines, gradient, and shape). Each geomorphic unit is composed of specific morphological features and materials, forming geomorphic shapes. Geomorphic shapes constitute different geomorphic systems according to their structural features, sedimentary features, and genesis. The spatial arrangement and combination of different geomorphic systems within the study area constitute the regional geomorphic structure, which can reflect the tectonic environment characteristics of the study area.

[0070] In some optional embodiments, the step of determining the sequence stratigraphy based on the geological-geophysical multidimensional data includes S300–S310:

[0071] S300: Determine the characteristics of seismic reflection surfaces and lithological abrupt change surfaces based on the seismic profiles, shallow stratigraphic profiles, and drilling data in the geological-geophysical multidimensional data;

[0072] S300: Identify sequence stratigraphic interfaces based on the seismic reflection surface characteristics and the lithological abrupt change surface, and divide the sequence stratigraphic sequence according to the sequence stratigraphic interfaces to obtain the sequence stratigraphic structure.

[0073] Specifically, this embodiment can utilize seismic profiles, shallow stratigraphic profiles, and drilling data of the study area to identify and trace sequence stratigraphic interfaces based on seismic reflection surface characteristics and lithological abrupt changes, then divide the sequence sequence, and thereby determine the changes in sequence stratigraphic development structure before and after the basin expansion.

[0074] In some optional embodiments, the step of determining the development location and extension length of the fault system based on the geological-geophysical multidimensional data includes steps S400–S420:

[0075] S400: Based on the geological-geophysical multidimensional data, identify the location of the reflected wave as the location of the wave being discontinuous, the number of the same axis of the reflected wave changing abruptly, the shape of the same axis of the reflected wave changing abruptly, the reflected wave being irregular and having blank reflection, the same axis of the reflected wave being bifurcated, merged, twisted, strong phase and strong amplitude conversion, or the location of the abnormal wave.

[0076] S410: Identify the fault location on the seismic profile, mark the fault point at the fault location, and connect each of the fault points to obtain a fault line;

[0077] S420: Based on the fault lines, the fault points belonging to the same fault on each of the seismic profiles are combined on a plane to obtain a planar distribution map of the fault system; wherein, the planar distribution map includes the development location and the extension length of the fault system.

[0078] Specifically, this embodiment can use seismic profiles of the study area to interpret the fracture system. The development location and extension length of the fracture can be identified based on the wave impedance characteristics of the reflected waves and the structure. Specific characteristics include: the reflection wave is discontinuous; the number of reflection wave axes in the same direction suddenly increases, decreases, or disappears; the shape of the reflection wave axes in the same direction changes abruptly, the reflection is disordered, and blank reflections appear; the reflection wave axes in the same direction undergo bifurcation, merging, twisting, and strong phase and strong amplitude conversion; and the appearance of anomalous waves.

[0079] On seismic profiles, locations exhibiting the aforementioned conditions are identified as fault locations, and the fault points are marked. Connecting these fault points yields the fault lines. After interpreting the faults on the seismic profiles, the fault points belonging to the same fault on various seismic profiles are combined in a plane to clarify the planar distribution of the fault system. It should be noted that: 1) Fault profile interpretation: The location and length of fault development can be identified based on the wave impedance characteristics of reflected waves and the structure. Specific characteristics include: faulting of reflected waves; sudden increase, decrease, or disappearance of the number of co-directional axes of reflected waves; abrupt changes in the shape of co-directional axes of reflected waves, resulting in disordered reflections and blank reflections; bifurcation, merging, twisting, and strong phase-to-amplitude conversion of co-directional axes of reflected waves; and the appearance of anomalous waves, etc., all types of faults are interpreted on the seismic profiles. 2) Establishing a planar distribution map of the fault system through fault combination: Fault combination involves combining the fault points of the same fault on various seismic profiles in the time domain in a plane to obtain a planar distribution map of the fault system.

[0080] More specifically, the S420 may further include:

[0081] First, based on the fault lines, the fault points belonging to the basin-controlling level faults on each of the seismic profiles are combined on a plane. Then, based on the fault lines, the fault points of the secondary faults belonging to the basin-controlling level faults on each of the seismic profiles are combined on a plane to obtain the fault surface, fault attitude, fault point, fault displacement, and fault strike of each fault, thereby obtaining a planar distribution map of the fault system. Among them, when combining each fault point, the strata attitude variation law of the same fault is the same and the fault point combination conforms to the law of fracture mechanics.

[0082] It is understood that the combination of fault points in this embodiment can follow the following rules: first combine basin-controlling faults and secondary large-scale faults with obvious characteristics and large fault scale; the combination can be carried out from the shallow part above to the deep part below; the same fault has the same properties on the parallel section, and the fracture surface, fracture attitude, fault point, fault displacement, and fracture strike of the combined fault change regularly; within the same fault block, the stratigraphic attitude changes in the same way; the combination of fault points conforms to the laws of fracture mechanics.

[0083] In some optional embodiments, the step of determining the igneous diapiric structure based on the geological-geophysical multidimensional data includes the following steps:

[0084] Based on the seismic reflection characteristics in the geological-geophysical multidimensional data, piercing-type igneous bodies and hidden-piercing-type igneous bodies were identified, and the morphological characteristics and planar distribution of the piercing-type igneous bodies and the hidden-piercing-type igneous bodies were determined as the igneous diapiric structures.

[0085] Specifically, this embodiment utilizes seismic profiles of the study area to interpret the development morphology and distribution of igneous diapiric structures. Based on seismic reflection characteristics, such as the contact relationship between the igneous body and the surrounding rocks, the morphology, internal structure, continuity, and amplitude of the igneous body, piercing and concealed piercing igneous bodies are identified, and their morphological characteristics and planar distribution are finely depicted. It should be noted that igneous diapiric structures (i.e., igneous bodies, a term used in tectonics) are often tower-shaped or conical, rising above the seabed, with poor or chaotic internal reflection wave resistance, and both strong and weak amplitudes are possible, lacking stratification. The surrounding sedimentary strata are relatively well-stratified and continuous. Due to the upwelling of igneous magma, the reflection wave resistance of the strata at the contact point between the surrounding strata and the igneous body rises upward, forming a distinct contact boundary with the surrounding strata, thus allowing for the depiction of the overall morphological outline of the igneous body.

[0086] To further understand the geological characteristics of the study area, embodiments of this application may also include the following steps:

[0087] Add the distribution of the igneous diapiric structure and the magnetic anomaly stripes to the planar distribution map of the fracture system.

[0088] Specifically, in this embodiment, the distribution of igneous diapiric structures can be added to the planar distribution map of the fracture system; based on the data on the characteristics and distribution patterns of magnetic anomaly stripes in the study area, the distribution of magnetic anomaly stripes can be added to the planar distribution map of the fracture system with added igneous diapiric structures.

[0089] S120: Based on the target feature data, construct the corresponding scene of landform, sequence stratigraphy and the fault system, determine the dynamic mechanism of the development process of the ancient spreading ridge, and then construct a geological model characterizing the ancient spreading ridge construction system.

[0090] Specifically, this embodiment can construct corresponding scenarios of landforms, sedimentary strata and fault systems based on the identified typical geomorphic unit types and distributions in the ancient spreading ridge study area, as well as the distribution of sequence stratigraphy, fault systems, igneous diapiric structures and magnetic anomaly stripes in the study area. It can then analyze the dynamic mechanism of the ancient spreading ridge development process, and further establish a geological model of the ancient spreading ridge and its surrounding construction system to realize a characterization scheme for the construction system of the ancient spreading ridge area.

[0091] The following section will provide a detailed introduction and explanation of the solutions in the embodiments of this application, using specific application examples.

[0092] Reference Figure 2 This embodiment provides a reference flowchart for a characterization method of an ancient spreading ridge formation system.

[0093] Specifically, this embodiment describes a case study of a paleofraft development in the central part of a sea basin, including the following steps:

[0094] Step 1) Collect and organize the geological and geophysical data of the basin spreading ridge area to be studied, and establish the study area.

[0095] Step 2) Using multibeam bathymetry data from the extended ridge region, interpret the topographic and geomorphological features of the study area, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the types of micro-geomorphic units are identified, their morphologies and distribution ranges are clarified, and the landform types, morphologies, and distribution ranges of the central rift valley area, the southern wing, and the northern wing of the spreading ridge are finely depicted. Specifically, Figure 3 This is an interpretation map of the ancient spreading ridge and its surrounding landforms. Based on parameters of the seafloor topography (such as elevation, isobaths, slope lines, gradient, shape, etc.), geomorphic units are divided according to different seafloor morphological characteristics, forming geomorphic shapes. These geomorphic shapes constitute different geomorphic systems according to their structural features, sedimentary features, and genesis. Different geomorphic systems are arranged and combined in the region to form the regional topographic and geomorphic structure, containing information about its tectonic evolution.

[0096] Step 3) Using seismic profiles, shallow stratigraphic profiles, and drilling data of the study area, identify sequence stratigraphic interfaces based on the characteristics of seismic reflection surfaces and lithological abrupt changes. Track and interpret sequence stratigraphic interfaces throughout the entire paleofreading ridge area, divide sequences A and B, and understand the changes in sequence stratigraphic structure before and after the basin spread.

[0097] Step 4) Interpret the faults using seismic profiles of the study area. This mainly involves identifying the location and length of fault development based on the wave impedance characteristics of reflected waves and structural features. Specific characteristics include: faulting of reflected waves; sudden increase, decrease, or disappearance of the number of co-directional axes of reflected waves; abrupt changes in the shape of co-directional axes of reflected waves, resulting in disordered reflections and blank reflections; bifurcation, merging, twisting, and strong phase-to-amplitude conversion of co-directional axes of reflected waves; and the appearance of anomalous waves. After interpreting the faults on the seismic profiles, the fault points belonging to the same fault on each profile are combined on a plane to clarify the planar distribution of the fault system and to draw a planar distribution map of the fault system in the paleofreading ridge area in the central part of the studied basin. Figure 4 This is an interpretation diagram of the central rift valley fault on a seismic profile. Based on the wave impedance characteristics of reflected waves and structural identification, the location and length of the fault are determined. Specific types include: faulting of reflected waves; sudden increases, decreases, or disappearances in the number of co-directional axes of reflected waves; abrupt changes in the shape of co-directional axes of reflected waves, resulting in disordered reflections and blank reflections; bifurcation, merging, twisting, and strong phase-amplitude transitions of co-directional axes of reflected waves; and the appearance of anomalous waves. These methods allow for the interpretation of the fault on the seismic profile.

[0098] Step 5) Using the seismic profile of the study area, interpret the development morphology and distribution of igneous diapiric structures. Based on seismic reflection characteristics, such as the contact relationship between igneous bodies and surrounding rocks, the morphology, internal structure, continuity, and amplitude of igneous bodies, identify piercing and concealed piercing igneous bodies, and finely depict their morphological characteristics and planar distribution. Add the distribution of igneous diapiric structures to the fault system planar distribution map from Step 4). Figure 5 This diagram interprets igneous bodies on shallow stratigraphic profiles. Based on seismic reflection characteristics, such as the contact boundary between the igneous body and the surrounding rock, the shape, internal structure, continuity, and amplitude of the igneous body, it identifies piercing and concealed piercing igneous bodies, meticulously depicts their morphology, and interprets the tectonic contact relationship between the igneous body and the surrounding strata, as well as the fracturing and fracture development of the surrounding strata caused by the upward development of the igneous body.

[0099] Step 6) Based on the data on the characteristics and distribution patterns of magnetic anomaly stripes in the study area, overlay them onto the plane distribution map of the fault system and igneous diapiric structure established in Step 5). Figure 6This study aims to obtain a planar distribution map of the ancient spreading ridge and its surrounding tectonic system. Based on the faults and igneous bodies identified in seismic and shallow stratigraphic profiles, the location, morphology, and extent of the faults and igneous bodies in the planar distribution are determined. Then, based on the analysis of magnetic data, the types and distribution of magnetic anomaly stripes in the study area and its surrounding area are analyzed to obtain a comprehensive planar distribution map of the ancient spreading ridge and its surrounding tectonic system.

[0100] Step 7) Using the method in Step 2), identify the typical geomorphic unit types, morphologies, and distribution ranges of the ancient spreading ridge study area. Then, using the methods in Steps 3) to 5), identify the spatial structure of sequence stratigraphy, fault systems, igneous diapiric structures, and the distribution of magnetic anomaly stripes in the study area. Combining the above steps, construct the corresponding scenarios of geomorphic and tectonic systems, analyze the dynamic mechanism of the ancient spreading ridge development process, and then establish a geological model of the ancient spreading ridge and its surrounding construction system to realize the characterization scheme of the ancient spreading ridge construction system. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the geological model of the ancient spreading ridge and its surrounding tectonic system. Using the scheme of this embodiment, the typical geomorphic unit types and distribution of the ancient spreading ridge study area are identified. In addition, the fault system, igneous diapiric structures and magnetic anomaly stripes of the study area are identified. Corresponding scenes of sequence stratigraphy, geomorphology and tectonic system are constructed, the dynamic mechanism of the ancient spreading ridge development process is analyzed, and then the geological model of the ancient spreading ridge and its surrounding tectonic system is established.

[0101] The beneficial effects of this embodiment:

[0102] This paper presents a multi-dimensional data integration method to characterize the features of ancient spreading ridge formation systems. Within a unified geological science framework, it integrates topography, geomorphology, tectonics, sedimentology, and sequence stratigraphy to interpret the relationships between topography, geomorphology, sequence stratigraphy, fault systems, igneous diapiric structures, magnetic anomaly bands, and geological models. It constructs corresponding scenarios for sequence stratigraphy, geomorphology, and tectonic systems, analyzes the dynamic mechanisms of ancient spreading ridge development, and establishes geological models of the ancient spreading ridge and its surrounding formation systems. This embodiment is clearly structured, progressively deepening, and characterized by rigorous logical scientific thinking. It can be further expanded, improved, and updated as data becomes more abundant and technology advances.

[0103] Reference Figure 8 This application also provides a characterization device for ancient spreading ridge formation systems, which can implement the above-described characterization method for ancient spreading ridge formation systems. The device includes:

[0104] The data acquisition unit is used to acquire multidimensional geological and geophysical data characterizing the ancient spreading ridge formation system;

[0105] The feature acquisition unit is used to determine the target feature data of the study area based on the geological-geophysical multidimensional data; wherein, the target feature data includes the geomorphic features, sequence stratigraphic structure, development location and extension length of the fault system, igneous diapiric structures and distribution of magnetic anomaly stripes of the study area;

[0106] The model characterization unit is used to construct the corresponding scenes of landforms, sequence stratigraphy and the fault system based on the target feature data, determine the dynamic mechanism of the development process of the ancient spreading ridge, and then construct a geological model characterizing the ancient spreading ridge formation system.

[0107] It is understood that the content of the above method embodiments is applicable to the present device embodiments. The specific functions implemented by the present device embodiments are the same as those of the above method embodiments, and the beneficial effects achieved are also the same as those achieved by the above method embodiments.

[0108] This application also provides an electronic device, which includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the characterization method of the ancient spreading ridge construction system described above. This electronic device can be any smart terminal, including tablet computers, in-vehicle computers, etc.

[0109] It is understood that the content of the above method embodiments is applicable to this device embodiment. The specific functions implemented by this device embodiment are the same as those of the above method embodiments, and the beneficial effects achieved are also the same as those achieved by the above method embodiments.

[0110] Please see Figure 9 , Figure 9 The hardware structure of an electronic device according to another embodiment is illustrated. The electronic device includes:

[0111] The processor 901 can be implemented using a general-purpose CPU (Central Processing Unit), microprocessor, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits, and is used to execute relevant programs to implement the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0112] The memory 902 can be implemented as a read-only memory (ROM), static storage device, dynamic storage device, or random access memory (RAM). The memory 902 can store the operating system and other application programs. When the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this specification are implemented through software or firmware, the relevant program code is stored in the memory 902 and is called and executed by the processor 901 to execute the characterization method of the ancient spreading ridge construction system of the embodiments of this application.

[0113] The input / output interface 903 is used to implement information input and output;

[0114] The communication interface 904 is used to enable communication and interaction between this device and other devices. Communication can be achieved through wired means (such as USB, Ethernet cable, etc.) or wireless means (such as mobile network, WIFI, Bluetooth, etc.).

[0115] Bus 905 transmits information between various components of the device (e.g., processor 901, memory 902, input / output interface 903, and communication interface 904);

[0116] The processor 901, memory 902, input / output interface 903, and communication interface 904 are connected to each other within the device via bus 905.

[0117] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the characterization method of the paleo-spreading ridge construction system described above.

[0118] It is understood that the content of the above method embodiments is applicable to this storage medium embodiment. The specific functions implemented in this storage medium embodiment are the same as those in the above method embodiments, and the beneficial effects achieved are also the same as those achieved in the above method embodiments.

[0119] Memory, as a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, can be used to store non-transitory software programs and non-transitory computer-executable programs. Furthermore, memory may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-transitory memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, memory may optionally include memory remotely located relative to the processor, and these remote memories can be connected to the processor via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0120] The embodiments described in this application are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of technology and the emergence of new application scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0121] Those skilled in the art will understand that the technical solutions shown in the figures do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of this application, and may include more or fewer steps than shown, or combine certain steps, or different steps.

[0122] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0123] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or some of the steps in the methods disclosed above, as well as the functional modules / units in the systems and devices, can be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, or suitable combinations thereof.

[0124] The terms “first,” “second,” “third,” “fourth,” etc. (if present) in the specification and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms “comprising” and “having,” and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0125] It should be understood that in this application, "at least one (item)" means one or more, and "more than" means two or more. "And / or" is used to describe the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent three cases: only A exists, only B exists, and both A and B exist simultaneously, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one (item) of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one (item) of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0126] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of the units described above is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0127] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0128] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0129] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes multiple instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing programs, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0130] The preferred embodiments of the present application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but this does not limit the scope of the claims of the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and substance of the embodiments of the present application shall be within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for characterizing ancient spreading ridge formation systems, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: Acquire multidimensional geological and geophysical data characterizing paleospreading ridge formation systems; The target characteristic data of the study area are determined based on the geological-geophysical multidimensional data; wherein, the target characteristic data includes the geomorphic features, sequence stratigraphic structure, development location and extension length of the fault system, igneous diapiric structures and distribution of magnetic anomaly stripes of the study area; Based on the target feature data, construct the corresponding scene of landform, sequence stratigraphy and the fault system, determine the dynamic mechanism of the development process of the ancient spreading ridge, and then construct a geological model characterizing the ancient spreading ridge formation system. The steps for determining the sequence stratigraphic structure based on the geological-geophysical multidimensional data include the following steps: Based on the seismic profiles, shallow stratigraphic profiles, and drilling data in the aforementioned geological-geophysical multidimensional data, the characteristics of seismic reflection surfaces and lithological abrupt change surfaces are determined; Sequence stratigraphic interfaces are identified based on the seismic reflection surface characteristics and the lithological abrupt change surface, and sequence stratigraphic sequences are divided based on the sequence stratigraphic interfaces to obtain the sequence stratigraphic structure; The step of determining the development location and extension length of the fault system based on the geological-geophysical multidimensional data includes the following steps: Based on the geological-geophysical multidimensional data, the location of the reflected wave is identified as the location of the wave break, the abrupt change in the number of the same axis of the reflected wave, the abrupt change in the shape of the same axis of the reflected wave, the irregularity of the reflected wave and the appearance of blank reflection, the bifurcation, merging, twisting of the same axis of the reflected wave, the strong phase and strong amplitude conversion, or the appearance of abnormal waves. The fault locations are identified on the seismic profile, the fault points are marked at the fault locations, and the fault points are connected to obtain the fault lines; Based on the fault lines, the fault points belonging to the same fault on each of the seismic profiles are combined on a plane to obtain a planar distribution map of the fault system; wherein, the planar distribution map includes the development location and the extension length of the fault system; The step of combining the fault points belonging to the same fault on each of the seismic profiles on a plane according to the fault line to obtain the planar distribution map of the fault system includes the following steps: First, based on the fault lines, the fault points belonging to the basin-controlling level faults on each of the seismic profiles are combined on a plane. Then, based on the fault lines, the fault points of the secondary faults belonging to the basin-controlling level faults on each of the seismic profiles are combined on a plane to obtain the fault surface, fault attitude, fault point, fault displacement, and fault strike of each fault, thereby obtaining a planar distribution map of the fault system. Among them, when combining each fault point, the strata attitude variation law of the same fault is the same and the fault point combination conforms to the law of fracture mechanics.

2. The characterization method for an ancient spreading ridge formation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for determining the geomorphic features based on the geological-geophysical multidimensional data include the following steps: Seabed topographic parameters are determined based on multibeam bathymetry data from the aforementioned geological-geophysical multidimensional data. Different types of geomorphic units are divided according to the seabed topographic parameters; The landform is formed by the morphological characteristics and material composition of each of the aforementioned landform units; Different geomorphic systems are formed by utilizing the structural, sedimentary, and genetic characteristics of each of the aforementioned geomorphic features; The spatial arrangement of each of the aforementioned landform systems within the study area is determined as the landform feature.

3. The method for characterizing an ancient spreading ridge formation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for determining the igneous diapiric structure based on the geological-geophysical multidimensional data include the following: Based on the seismic reflection characteristics in the geological-geophysical multidimensional data, piercing-type and concealed-piercing-type igneous bodies were identified, and their morphological characteristics and planar distribution were determined as the igneous diapiric structures.

4. The method for characterizing an ancient spreading ridge formation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The method further includes the following steps: Add the distribution of the igneous diapiric structure and the magnetic anomaly stripes to the planar distribution map of the fracture system.

5. A characterization device for ancient spreading ridge formation systems, characterized in that, The device includes: The data acquisition unit is used to acquire multidimensional geological and geophysical data characterizing the ancient spreading ridge formation system; The feature acquisition unit is used to determine the target feature data of the study area based on the geological-geophysical multidimensional data; wherein, the target feature data includes the geomorphic features, sequence stratigraphic structure, development location and extension length of the fault system, igneous diapiric structures and distribution of magnetic anomaly stripes of the study area; The model representation unit is used to construct the corresponding scene of landform, sequence stratigraphy and the fault system based on the target feature data, and to determine the dynamic mechanism of the development process of the ancient spreading ridge, thereby constructing a geological model representing the ancient spreading ridge formation system. The sequence stratigraphic structure was determined based on the aforementioned geological-geophysical multidimensional data, including: Based on the seismic profiles, shallow stratigraphic profiles, and drilling data in the aforementioned geological-geophysical multidimensional data, the characteristics of seismic reflection surfaces and lithological abrupt change surfaces are determined; Sequence stratigraphic interfaces are identified based on the seismic reflection surface characteristics and the lithological abrupt change surface, and sequence stratigraphic sequences are divided based on the sequence stratigraphic interfaces to obtain the sequence stratigraphic structure; Determining the development location and extension length of the fault system based on the aforementioned geological-geophysical multidimensional data includes: Based on the geological-geophysical multidimensional data, the location of the reflected wave is identified as the location of the wave break, the abrupt change in the number of the same axis of the reflected wave, the abrupt change in the shape of the same axis of the reflected wave, the irregularity of the reflected wave and the appearance of blank reflection, the bifurcation, merging, twisting of the same axis of the reflected wave, the strong phase and strong amplitude conversion, or the appearance of abnormal waves. The fault locations are identified on the seismic profile, the fault points are marked at the fault locations, and the fault points are connected to obtain the fault lines; Based on the fault lines, the fault points belonging to the same fault on each of the seismic profiles are combined on a plane to obtain a planar distribution map of the fault system; wherein, the planar distribution map includes the development location and the extension length of the fault system; The step of combining the fault points belonging to the same fault on each of the seismic profiles on a plane according to the fault line to obtain a planar distribution map of the fault system includes: First, based on the fault lines, the fault points belonging to the basin-controlling level faults on each of the seismic profiles are combined on a plane. Then, based on the fault lines, the fault points of the secondary faults belonging to the basin-controlling level faults on each of the seismic profiles are combined on a plane to obtain the fault surface, fault attitude, fault point, fault displacement, and fault strike of each fault, thereby obtaining a planar distribution map of the fault system. Among them, when combining each fault point, the strata attitude variation law of the same fault is the same and the fault point combination conforms to the law of fracture mechanics.

6. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, and the processor executing the computer program to implement a characterization method for an ancient spreading ridge construction system as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

7. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements a characterization method for an ancient expansion ridge formation system as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

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