Emergency prediction system for sudden water environment pollution diffusion

Abstract

The invention discloses a sudden water environment pollution diffusion emergency prediction system, which relates to the technical field of water environment pollution diffusion emergency prediction, and is characterized in that based on monitoring data, a mathematical model is used for curve fitting, superposition and conversion, proper parameters are selected to draw upstream and downstream section data change curves, and section pollution concentration values and occurrence time are predicted. Performing spatial distribution of river pollution groups, and realizing data rolling updating and water quality rolling forecasting on the basis of data dynamic updating; the method is based on the idea of replacing time with space. Risk prevention and control and emergency disposal are carried out in order to carry out prevention and control in advance and scene simulation analysis of sudden water environment events; according to the invention, for an emergent water environment pollution event, based on field multi-section monitoring data, a function fitting, superposition and conversion principle is utilized to establish an emergent forecasting model system for the emergent water environment pollution event, and a downstream section pollutant concentration time-varying product and a river pollution group transmission forecasting product are provided; and a downstream pollution data rolling forecasting function is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of emergency prediction of water environment pollution diffusion, and in particular relates to an emergency prediction system for sudden water environment pollution diffusion. Background Art

[0002] Characteristics of sudden water pollution incidents:

[0003] Sudden incident: The time and place of occurrence are uncertain; caused by a variety of unforeseen reasons;

[0004] Pollution diffusion: the fluidity of water bodies, the difficulty of rapid removal of pollutants, rapid spread, long-term impact and wide range;

[0005] Complex process: Various forms of occurrence: one-time vehicle dumping pollution incidents or continuous pollution discharge incidents, complex diffusion process: may pass through reservoirs or lakes to cause pollution accumulation;

[0006] Urgent requirement: The impact is significant, a quick response is required, and urgent deployment is required;

[0007] Lack of data: It is difficult to measure data such as topography and flow rate in sudden water environment events, and the monitoring data is discontinuous in time and space.

[0008] Response to sudden environmental events: In accordance with the concept of "trading space for time", in order to do a good job in early prevention and control, the simulation and analysis of sudden water environmental events is crucial for risk prevention and control and emergency response;

[0009] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an emergency prediction system for sudden water environment pollution diffusion to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the invention

[0010] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an emergency prediction system for the spread of sudden water pollution in response to the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, so as to effectively carry out early prevention and control, and conduct scenario simulation analysis of sudden water environment events for risk prevention and control and emergency response.

[0011] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions to solve the above technical problems

[0012] Emergency prediction system for sudden water pollution spread, including

[0013] The water environment pollution data monitoring module is used to collect water pollution parameters of the monitored environment in real time and upload them to the monitoring center in real time;

[0014] A geographic location information acquisition module is used to receive a click operation on a preset electronic map, select a simulated water environment pollution accident occurrence point, and obtain the geographic location information corresponding to the simulated water environment pollution accident occurrence point;

[0015] The model prediction processing module is used to input the geographical location information and the water pollution parameters of the monitored environment into the preset water environment pollution diffusion emergency prediction model obtained through training for prediction processing, use the mathematical model to perform curve fitting, superposition and conversion, select appropriate parameters to draw the upstream and downstream section data change curves, predict the section pollution concentration value and occurrence time, and the spatial distribution of the river pollution group;

[0016] Model data dynamic update module, used to realize data rolling update based on dynamic data update;

[0017] A data visualization module is used to import the upstream and downstream section data change curves, the predicted section pollution concentration values ​​and occurrence time, and the spatial distribution of river pollution clusters into a preset visualization system;

[0018] The three-dimensional display module is used to predict the pollution concentration value and occurrence time of the section and the spatial distribution of the river pollution group based on the upstream and downstream section data change curves, and display them on the visualization interface through the corresponding three-dimensional dynamic effects to achieve rolling water quality forecasting.

[0019] As a further preferred solution of the emergency prediction system for sudden water pollution diffusion of the present invention, the mathematical model is specifically calculated as follows:

[0020]

[0021] Among them, μ is the mean; σ is the standard deviation; a is the peak amplitude; and b is the skewness.

[0022] As a further preferred embodiment of the emergency prediction system for sudden water environment pollution spread of the present invention, the water environment pollution data monitoring module includes a data acquisition module, a multiplexing switch, an amplifier circuit and a dual operational amplifier bandpass filter, a voltage divider follower filter circuit, an analog-to-digital converter, a microcontroller module, a radio frequency switch circuit, a wireless radio frequency chip, a clock module, an interface circuit module, a memory module and a power supply module; the data acquisition module is connected to the microcontroller module in sequence through the multiplexing switch, the amplifier circuit and a dual operational amplifier bandpass filter, the voltage divider follower filter circuit, and the analog-to-digital converter, the microcontroller module is connected to the wireless radio frequency chip through the radio frequency switch circuit, and the clock module, the interface circuit module, the memory module and the power supply module are respectively connected to the microcontroller module.

[0023] As a further preferred embodiment of the emergency prediction system for sudden water environment pollution spread of the present invention, the microcontroller module includes a data acquisition control module, a data processing module and a RAM read-write module, an interface chip control unit, a synchronous clock control module, a command deframing module, a data reading module, as well as a power supply circuit, a reset circuit, a crystal oscillator circuit, a download circuit and a configuration SPI Flash circuit. The data acquisition control module, the interface chip control unit, the synchronous clock control module, the command deframing module, the data reading module, as well as the power supply circuit, the reset circuit, the crystal oscillator circuit, the download circuit and the configuration SPI Flash circuit are respectively connected to the data processing module and the RAM read-write module.

[0024] As a further preferred embodiment of the emergency prediction system for sudden water environment pollution diffusion of the present invention, the amplification circuit and the dual operational amplifier bandpass filter include a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor, a first operational amplifier, a second operational amplifier, and a third operational amplifier, wherein the signal input -IN terminal is connected to one end of the first resistor, the other end of the first resistor is respectively connected to one end of the first capacitor, one end of the third resistor and the negative power supply pin of the first operational amplifier, the other end of the first capacitor is respectively connected to the other end of the third resistor and the output pin of the first operational amplifier, the signal input +IN terminal is connected to one end of the second resistor, and the other end of the second resistor is respectively connected to the first The positive power pin of the operational amplifier, one end of the fourth resistor, and one end of the second capacitor, the other end of the second capacitor is connected to the other end of the fourth resistor and grounded, the output pin of the first operational amplifier is connected to one end of the fifth resistor, the other end of the fifth resistor is connected to the positive power pin of the second operational amplifier, the negative power pin of the second operational amplifier is connected to the negative power pin of the third operational amplifier, the positive power pin of the third operational amplifier is respectively connected to one end of the eighth resistor and one end of the ninth resistor, the other end of the ninth resistor is grounded, the other end of the eighth resistor is respectively connected to one end of the seventh resistor and the output pin of the second operational amplifier, the other end of the seventh resistor is connected to one end of the fourth capacitor, the other end of the fourth capacitor is respectively connected to one end of the ninth resistor, the other end of the ninth resistor is connected to one end of the third capacitor, and the other end of the third capacitor is grounded.

[0025] As a further preferred embodiment of the emergency prediction system for sudden water pollution diffusion of the present invention, the radio frequency switch circuit includes a radio frequency RF end, a first NMOS transistor Q1, a second NMOS transistor Q2, a third NMOS transistor Q3, a fourth NMOS transistor Q4, a fifth NMOS transistor Q5, a sixth NMOS transistor Q6, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, an eighth resistor R8, a ninth resistor R9, a tenth resistor R10, an eleventh resistor R11, a twelfth resistor R12, a first diode D1, a second diode D2, a third diode D3, a fourth diode D4, a fifth diode D5, a sixth diode D6, a radio frequency ANT end, a voltage V CTRL Terminal and voltage V CTRI The radio frequency RF end is respectively connected to one end of the fifth resistor R5, one end of the seventh resistor R7, the drain of the third NMOS transistor Q3, and the drain of the fourth NMOS transistor Q4; the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is respectively connected to the source of the third NMOS transistor Q3, the drain of the second NMOS transistor Q2, and one end of the third resistor R3; the other end of the third resistor R3 is respectively connected to the source of the second NMOS transistor Q2 of the first NMOS transistor Q1, the drain of the first NMOS transistor Q1, and one end of the first resistor R1; the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the source of the first NMOS transistor Q1 and is grounded; the base of the first NMOS transistor Q1 is connected to the anode of the first diode; the cathode of the first diode is respectively connected to the gate of the first NMOS transistor Q1 and one end of the second resistor R2; the other end of the second resistor R2 is respectively connected to one end of the fourth resistor R4 and the voltage V CTRIThe gate of the fourth NMOS transistor Q4 is connected to the cathode of the fourth diode D4 and one end of the eighth resistor R8, and the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the source of the fourth NMOS transistor Q4, the drain of the fifth NMOS transistor Q5, and the drain of the first NMOS transistor Q6. One end of the ninth resistor R9 and the gate of the fifth NMOS transistor Q5 are respectively connected to one end of the tenth resistor R10 and the cathode of the fifth diode D5, the anode of the fifth diode D5 is connected to the base of the fifth diode D5, the source of the fifth NMOS transistor Q5 is respectively connected to the other end of the ninth resistor R9, one end of the eleventh resistor R11 and the drain of the sixth NMOS transistor Q6, the gate of the sixth NMOS transistor Q6 is respectively connected to one end of the twelfth resistor R12 and the cathode of the sixth diode D6, the anode of the sixth diode D6 is connected to the base of the sixth diode D6, the other end of the twelfth resistor R12 is connected to the other end of the eighth resistor R8, and the other end of the tenth resistor R10 is connected to the voltage V CTRL The source of the sixth NMOS transistor Q6 is connected to the other end of the eleventh resistor R11 and the radio frequency ANT terminal respectively.

[0026] As a further preferred embodiment of the emergency prediction system for sudden water environment pollution diffusion of the present invention, the voltage divider follower filter circuit includes an operational amplifier U3, a resistor R11, a resistor R12, an operational amplifier U4, a resistor R13, and a capacitor C7. The output end of the operational amplifier U3 is connected to one end of the resistor R12, and the other end of the resistor R12 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R11 and the positive input end of the operational amplifier U4. The output end of the operational amplifier U4 is connected to one end of the resistor R13, and the other end of the resistor R13 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C7 and the A / D conversion unit. The other end of the capacitor C7 is grounded, and the other end of the resistor R11 is connected to the current signal conditioning circuit.

[0027] As a further preferred embodiment of the emergency prediction system for sudden water environment pollution diffusion of the present invention, the crystal oscillator circuit includes a control chip 7N10.000MBP, a capacitor C45, a resistor R22, a resistor R23, a resistor R24, a capacitor C69 and a voltage VCC end. The 8 interface of the control chip 7N10.000MBP is connected to one end of the resistor R22, and the other end of the resistor R22 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C45, the 9 interface of the control chip 7N10.000MBP, one end of the resistor R23 and the voltage VCC end. The other end of the capacitor C45 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R23 is connected to one end of the resistor R24, and the other end of the resistor R24 ​​is grounded. The 10 interface of the control chip 7N10.000MBP is connected to one end of the capacitor C69, and the other end of the capacitor C69 is grounded.

[0028] As a further preferred solution of the emergency prediction system for sudden water environment pollution diffusion of the present invention, the chip model of the multiplexer is AMC4601.

[0029] A monitoring method based on an emergency prediction system for sudden water environment pollution diffusion, characterized in that it specifically comprises the following steps;

[0030] Step 1: collect water pollution parameters of the monitored environment in real time and upload them to the monitoring center in real time;

[0031] Step 2, receiving a click operation on a preset electronic map, selecting a simulated occurrence point of a water environment pollution accident, and obtaining geographical location information corresponding to the simulated occurrence point of the water environment pollution accident;

[0032] Step 3, inputting the geographical location information and the water pollution parameters of the monitored environment into the trained preset water environment pollution diffusion emergency prediction model for prediction processing, using the mathematical model for curve fitting, superposition and conversion, selecting appropriate parameters to draw the upstream and downstream section data change curves, predicting the section pollution concentration value and occurrence time, and the spatial distribution of the river pollution group;

[0033] Step 4, based on the dynamic update of data, realize the rolling update of data; import the upstream and downstream section data change curves, the predicted section pollution concentration value and occurrence time, and the spatial distribution of the river pollution group into the preset visualization system;

[0034] Step 5, based on the upstream and downstream section data change curves, the predicted section pollution concentration value and occurrence time and the spatial distribution of the river pollution group are displayed on the visualization interface through the corresponding three-dimensional dynamic effect to achieve rolling water quality forecast.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts the above technical solution and has the following technical effects:

[0036] 1. The present invention provides an emergency prediction system for sudden water pollution diffusion. Based on monitoring data, the system uses mathematical models to perform curve fitting, superposition and conversion, selects appropriate parameters to draw the upstream and downstream section data change curves, predicts the section pollution concentration value and occurrence time, and the spatial distribution of river pollution groups. Based on the dynamic update of data, the system realizes rolling data update and rolling water quality forecast; in accordance with the concept of exchanging space for time. In order to do a good job in early prevention and control, the scenario simulation analysis of sudden water environment events is used for risk prevention and control and emergency disposal;

[0037] 2. For sudden water pollution incidents, the present invention establishes an emergency forecast model system for sudden water pollution incidents based on on-site multi-section monitoring data and using the principles of function fitting, superposition and conversion, provides products showing changes in pollutant concentration over time in downstream sections, and river pollution group transmission prediction products, thus realizing a rolling forecast function for downstream pollution data;

[0038] 3. Based on the actual monitoring data of the upstream section and a certain section, the present invention dynamically and intelligently measures the change of the pollutant concentration of the section over time, and provides information such as the time-concentration trend diagram of the section, data table, peak value and time of pollutant concentration, time when the pollution group arrives at and leaves the section, and duration of pollution;

[0039] 4. Based on the pollutant monitoring data of each section and basic information such as river flow rate (optional), dynamically predict the diffusion and transmission of pollution clusters, and provide river pollution cluster distance-concentration distribution diagram, data table, pollution cluster concentration peak position, polluted water cluster distribution range, pollution cluster length and other information. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an emergency prediction system based on sudden water environment pollution diffusion of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of the emergency prediction principle of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional time-concentration prediction result of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the pollution cluster distance-concentration prediction result of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 It is a structural principle diagram of the water environment pollution data monitoring module of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 6 It is a structural principle diagram of the microcontroller module of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 7 It is a circuit diagram of the amplifier circuit and the dual operational amplifier bandpass filter of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 8 is a circuit diagram of a radio frequency switch circuit of the present invention;

[0048] Fig. 9 It is a circuit diagram of a voltage-dividing follower filtering circuit of the present invention;

[0049] Fig.10 It is a circuit diagram of the crystal oscillator circuit of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0051] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] Emergency prediction system for sudden water pollution spread, such as Figure 1 Shown, including

[0053] The water environment pollution data monitoring module is used to collect water pollution parameters of the monitored environment in real time and upload them to the monitoring center in real time;

[0054] A geographic location information acquisition module is used to receive a click operation on a preset electronic map, select a simulated water environment pollution accident occurrence point, and obtain the geographic location information corresponding to the simulated water environment pollution accident occurrence point;

[0055] The model prediction processing module is used to input the geographical location information and the water pollution parameters of the monitored environment into the preset water environment pollution diffusion emergency prediction model obtained through training for prediction processing, use the mathematical model to perform curve fitting, superposition and conversion, select appropriate parameters to draw the upstream and downstream section data change curves, predict the section pollution concentration value and occurrence time, and the spatial distribution of the river pollution group;

[0056] Model data dynamic update module, used to realize data rolling update based on dynamic data update;

[0057] A data visualization module is used to import the upstream and downstream section data change curves, the predicted section pollution concentration values ​​and occurrence time, and the spatial distribution of river pollution clusters into a preset visualization system;

[0058] The three-dimensional display module is used to predict the pollution concentration value and occurrence time of the section and the spatial distribution of the river pollution group based on the upstream and downstream section data change curves, and display them on the visualization interface through the corresponding three-dimensional dynamic effects to achieve rolling water quality forecasting.

[0059] The present invention provides an emergency prediction system for sudden water pollution diffusion. Based on monitoring data, the system uses mathematical models to perform curve fitting, superposition and conversion, selects appropriate parameters to draw the upstream and downstream section data change curves, predicts the section pollution concentration value and occurrence time, and the spatial distribution of river pollution groups, and based on the dynamic update of data, realizes data rolling update and water quality rolling forecast; in accordance with the concept of exchanging space for time. In order to do a good job in early prevention and control, the scenario simulation analysis of sudden water environment events is used for risk prevention and control and emergency disposal.

[0060] For sudden water pollution incidents, the present invention establishes an emergency forecast model system for sudden water pollution incidents based on on-site multi-section monitoring data and using the principles of function fitting, superposition and conversion, provides products showing changes in pollutant concentration over time in downstream sections and prediction products for the transmission of river pollution clusters, and realizes a rolling forecast function for downstream pollution data;

[0061] The present invention dynamically and intelligently measures the change of pollutant concentration in a section over time based on the actual monitoring data of the upstream section and a certain section, and provides information such as the time-concentration trend diagram, data table, peak value and time of pollutant concentration, time when the pollution group arrives at and leaves the section, and duration of pollution.

[0062] Based on the pollutant monitoring data of each section and basic information such as river flow rate (optional), the diffusion and transmission of pollution clusters are dynamically predicted, providing river pollution cluster distance-concentration distribution diagram, data table, pollution cluster concentration peak position, polluted water cluster distribution range, pollution cluster length and other information.

[0063] The mathematical model is specifically calculated as follows:

[0064]

[0065] Among them, μ is the mean; σ is the standard deviation; a is the peak amplitude; and b is the skewness.

[0066] Supports 3 types of parameter selection: default settings, automatic learning by model AI, and manual intervention adjustment;

[0067] Supports adjustment of the main parameters of each section, including: center parameter μ, variance parameter σ, strength parameter a, skewness parameter b;

[0068] The present invention dynamically and intelligently measures the change of pollutant concentration in a section over time based on the actual monitoring data of the upstream section and a certain section, and provides information such as a time-concentration trend graph, a data table, the peak value and time of pollutant concentration, the time when the pollution group arrives at and leaves the section, and the duration of pollution.

[0069] The emergency prediction principle flow chart of the present invention is as follows Figure 2 As shown, the schematic diagram of the cross-sectional time-concentration prediction result of the present invention is as follows Figure 3 As shown, the schematic diagram of the pollution cluster distance-concentration prediction result of the present invention is as follows Figure 4 shown.

[0070] Example 1: Product showing changes in cross-section pollutant concentration over time.

[0071] (1) Prediction of the evolution curve of pollutant concentration in the cross section over time (concentration-time curve).

[0072] (2) Data table showing changes in pollutant concentration over time.

[0073] (3) Characteristic parameters: the time when the pollution group arrives at and leaves the section, the duration, the peak concentration and the time.

[0074] (4) Time resolution: hours.

[0075] Forecast update frequency: synchronized update based on the update frequency of section monitoring data; sharing method: offline download, WeChat, email forwarding, third-party interface.

[0076] Example 2: River pollution cluster transmission prediction product.

[0077] The predicted curve of river pollution concentration as a function of downstream distance at future times (concentration-distance curve).

[0078] A table of predicted data on the distribution of river pollution cluster concentrations as a function of downstream distance.

[0079] Characteristic parameters: location of river pollution cluster, length of polluted water cluster, location of concentration peak and other information.

[0080] Spatial resolution: kilometer level.

[0081] Forecast update frequency: Update synchronously based on the update frequency of section monitoring data.

[0082] Sharing methods: offline download, WeChat, email forwarding, third-party interface.

[0083] Application in Shaanxi Province:

[0084] Event overview: At 17:00 on January 20, 2021, the water quality monitoring data of the downstream of Juting Reservoir on the main stream of the Jialing River in Hanzhong City, Shaanxi Province showed abnormal thallium concentration, and the monitoring data of some sections exceeded the limit by 10 times. After emergency treatment, the thallium concentration at the mouth of the Dongdu River entering the Jialing River has been stable at below 1.0×10-4mg / L since 0:00 on January 23, meeting the "Surface Water Environmental Quality Standards".

[0085] Pollutants: Thallium;

[0086] Time: 17:00, January 20, 2021;

[0087] Location: Downstream of Juting Reservoir on the main stream of Jialing River;

[0088] Monitoring points: 45 emergency monitoring sections are set up, including 36 sections above Guangyuan drinking water source;

[0089] Monitoring frequency: once every 2 hours;

[0090] There are 12 laboratories in total, one every 50 kilometers, including 4 vehicle-mounted ICP-MS.

[0091] Application in Shaanxi Province:

[0092] Table 1 is the pollution peak arrival time error analysis table; Table 2 is the pollution peak concentration error analysis table;

[0093] Table 1

[0094]

[0095] Table 2

[0096]

[0097] Through fitting analysis of monitoring data, the prediction results are as follows: the maximum error in the time when the pollution peak is reached is 33 minutes, and the maximum error in the concentration value is 6.3%.

[0098] like Figure 5 As shown, the water environment pollution data monitoring module includes a data acquisition module, a multiplexing switch, an amplifier circuit and a dual operational amplifier bandpass filter, a voltage follower filter circuit, an analog-to-digital converter, a microcontroller module, a radio frequency switch circuit, a wireless radio frequency chip, a clock module, an interface circuit module, a memory module and a power supply module; the data acquisition module is connected to the microcontroller module through the multiplexing switch, the amplifier circuit and the dual operational amplifier bandpass filter, the voltage follower filter circuit, and the analog-to-digital converter in sequence, the microcontroller module is connected to the wireless radio frequency chip through the radio frequency switch circuit, and the clock module, the interface circuit module, the memory module and the power supply module are respectively connected to the microcontroller module.

[0099] like Figure 6As shown, the microcontroller module includes a data acquisition control module, a data processing module and a RAM read-write module, an interface chip control unit, a synchronous clock control module, a command de-framing module, a data reading module, and a power supply circuit, a reset circuit, a crystal oscillator circuit, a download circuit and a configuration SPI Flash circuit. The data acquisition control module, the interface chip control unit, the synchronous clock control module, the command de-framing module, the data reading module, and the power supply circuit, the reset circuit, the crystal oscillator circuit, the download circuit and the configuration SPI Flash circuit are respectively connected to the data processing module and the RAM read-write module.

[0100] After the system is powered on, wait for the FPGA to be initialized and enter the waiting state. When the relevant command parameters are input externally, the FPGA receives and parses the command. First, control the operation of the internal selection switch of the system to connect the selected device signal to the acquisition system. Then send control information to the device under test, and the acquisition system monitors the power supply of the device under test in real time. Then, cache the collected data in the random access memory (RAM) inside the FPGA for processing. Finally, the collected data is transmitted back to the external monitor through the first input first output (FIFO) queue on the FPGA chip for real-time display, and judged and stored according to the corresponding rules to form a test data report.

[0101] After the data acquisition is completed, the sampled data of the corresponding channel is sent to the monitor for real-time display and stored in the Flash memory, waiting for the external controller to send a read command. This system uses ST's S25FL128P Flash memory for real-time storage. The chip has a storage capacity of 128Mbit and establishes communication with the external controller through the SPI interface. The clock frequency of the interface can reach up to 104MHz. The chip has the characteristics of simple design, stable storage data and low price, and has wide practicality. The system uses FPGA to control the transmission mode of AD7609 to read data during conversion, so that the system can reach a sampling rate of 200kHz. By rationally utilizing the internal resources of FPGA, the ping-pong transmission mode of data cache is realized, thereby completing the real-time transmission of data and the real-time storage function of Flash, enhancing the reliability, effectiveness and stability of data transmission and storage, and greatly exerting the high-speed data parallel processing capability and timing constraint capability of FPGA. This system has been successfully applied to a certain actual engineering monitoring project and has certain application value.

[0102] like Figure 7As shown, the amplifier circuit and the dual operational amplifier bandpass filter include a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor, a first operational amplifier, a second operational amplifier, and a third operational amplifier, wherein the signal input -IN terminal is connected to one end of the first resistor, the other end of the first resistor is respectively connected to one end of the first capacitor, one end of the third resistor and the negative power pin of the first operational amplifier, the other end of the first capacitor is respectively connected to the other end of the third resistor and the output pin of the first operational amplifier, the signal input +IN terminal is connected to one end of the second resistor, and the other end of the second resistor is respectively connected to the positive power pin of the first operational amplifier, the fourth One end of the resistor and one end of the second capacitor, the other end of the second capacitor is connected to the other end of the fourth resistor and grounded, the output pin of the first operational amplifier is connected to one end of the fifth resistor, the other end of the fifth resistor is connected to the positive power pin of the second operational amplifier, the negative power pin of the second operational amplifier is connected to the negative power pin of the third operational amplifier, the positive power pin of the third operational amplifier is respectively connected to one end of the eighth resistor and one end of the ninth resistor, the other end of the ninth resistor is grounded, the other end of the eighth resistor is respectively connected to one end of the seventh resistor and the output pin of the second operational amplifier, the other end of the seventh resistor is connected to one end of the fourth capacitor, the other end of the fourth capacitor is respectively connected to one end of the ninth resistor, the other end of the ninth resistor is connected to one end of the third capacitor, and the other end of the third capacitor is grounded.

[0103] The amplifier circuit and dual op amp bandpass filter amplify and filter the data taken by the sensor and then input it into the signal conversion circuit, which greatly reduces the signal noise and signal loss in the measurement. The amplifier circuit is composed of an OPA277 operational amplifier and a resistor and capacitor. This circuit is a typical differential amplifier circuit. At the same time, C3 and R6, C4 and R7 form a low-pass filter. The dual op amp bandpass filter is composed of two OPA277 operational amplifiers. The Q value and center frequency of the bandpass filter designed in this design are adjustable. Adjusting R9 can adjust the resonant frequency of the circuit, and adjusting R8 can adjust the Q value of the circuit. It is worth noting that after the collected signal parameter signal is collected, it is selected by the multiplexed analog switch to be output to the signal processing circuit and then input to the AD7794 for digital-to-analog conversion, converting the analog signal into a digital signal, which is conducive to long-distance wireless transmission of the signal.

[0104] like Figure 8As shown, the RF switch circuit includes a RF terminal, a first NMOS transistor Q1, a second NMOS transistor Q2, a third NMOS transistor Q3, a fourth NMOS transistor Q4, a fifth NMOS transistor Q5, a sixth NMOS transistor Q6, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, an eighth resistor R8, a ninth resistor R9, a tenth resistor R10, an eleventh resistor R11, a twelfth resistor R12, a first diode D1, a second diode D2, a third diode D3, a fourth diode D4, a fifth diode D5, a sixth diode D6, a RF ANT terminal, and a voltage V CTRL Terminal and voltage V CTRI The radio frequency RF end is respectively connected to one end of the fifth resistor R5, one end of the seventh resistor R7, the drain of the third NMOS transistor Q3, and the drain of the fourth NMOS transistor Q4; the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is respectively connected to the source of the third NMOS transistor Q3, the drain of the second NMOS transistor Q2, and one end of the third resistor R3; the other end of the third resistor R3 is respectively connected to the source of the second NMOS transistor Q2 of the first NMOS transistor Q1, the drain of the first NMOS transistor Q1, and one end of the first resistor R1; the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the source of the first NMOS transistor Q1 and is grounded; the base of the first NMOS transistor Q1 is connected to the anode of the first diode; the cathode of the first diode is respectively connected to the gate of the first NMOS transistor Q1 and one end of the second resistor R2; the other end of the second resistor R2 is respectively connected to one end of the fourth resistor R4 and the voltage V CTRIThe gate of the fourth NMOS transistor Q4 is connected to the cathode of the fourth diode D4 and one end of the eighth resistor R8, and the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the source of the fourth NMOS transistor Q4, the drain of the fifth NMOS transistor Q5, and the drain of the first NMOS transistor Q6. One end of the ninth resistor R9 and the gate of the fifth NMOS transistor Q5 are respectively connected to one end of the tenth resistor R10 and the cathode of the fifth diode D5, the anode of the fifth diode D5 is connected to the base of the fifth diode D5, the source of the fifth NMOS transistor Q5 is respectively connected to the other end of the ninth resistor R9, one end of the eleventh resistor R11 and the drain of the sixth NMOS transistor Q6, the gate of the sixth NMOS transistor Q6 is respectively connected to one end of the twelfth resistor R12 and the cathode of the sixth diode D6, the anode of the sixth diode D6 is connected to the base of the sixth diode D6, the other end of the twelfth resistor R12 is connected to the other end of the eighth resistor R8, and the other end of the tenth resistor R10 is connected to the voltage V CTRL The source of the sixth NMOS transistor Q6 is connected to the other end of the eleventh resistor R11 and the radio frequency ANT terminal respectively.

[0105] like Fig. 9 As shown, the voltage divider follower filter circuit includes an operational amplifier U3, a resistor R11, a resistor R12, an operational amplifier U4, a resistor R13, and a capacitor C7. The output end of the operational amplifier U3 is connected to one end of the resistor R12, and the other end of the resistor R12 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R11 and the positive input end of the operational amplifier U4. The output end of the operational amplifier U4 is connected to one end of the resistor R13, and the other end of the resistor R13 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C7 and the A / D conversion unit. The other end of the capacitor C7 is grounded, and the other end of the resistor R11 is connected to the current signal conditioning circuit.

[0106] The signal passes through the analog switch and then passes through the voltage divider % follower % filter circuit, and then is input into the AD converter. The voltage follower makes the circuit present high impedance input and low impedance output, improving the circuit's load capacity. The chip model of the operational amplifier U3 and the operational amplifier U4 is AD8031. The maximum sampling current of the ACS714 chip is 5A.

[0107] like Fig.10As shown, the crystal oscillator circuit includes a control chip 7N10.000MBP, a capacitor C45, a resistor R22, a resistor R23, a resistor R24, a capacitor C69 and a voltage VCC end. The 8-interface of the control chip 7N10.000MBP is connected to one end of the resistor R22, and the other end of the resistor R22 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C45, the 9-interface of the control chip 7N10.000MBP, one end of the resistor R23 and the voltage VCC end. The other end of the capacitor C45 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R23 is connected to one end of the resistor R24, and the other end of the resistor R24 ​​is grounded. The 10-interface of the control chip 7N10.000MBP is connected to one end of the capacitor C69, and the other end of the capacitor C69 is grounded.

[0108] The chip model of the multiplexer switch is AMC4601.

[0109] A monitoring method based on an emergency prediction system for sudden water environment pollution diffusion, specifically comprising the following steps;

[0110] Step 1: collect water pollution parameters of the monitored environment in real time and upload them to the monitoring center in real time;

[0111] Step 2, receiving a click operation on a preset electronic map, selecting a simulated occurrence point of a water environment pollution accident, and obtaining geographical location information corresponding to the simulated occurrence point of the water environment pollution accident;

[0112] Step 3, inputting the geographical location information and the water pollution parameters of the monitored environment into the trained preset water environment pollution diffusion emergency prediction model for prediction processing, using the mathematical model for curve fitting, superposition and conversion, selecting appropriate parameters to draw the upstream and downstream section data change curves, predicting the section pollution concentration value and occurrence time, and the spatial distribution of the river pollution group;

[0113] Step 4, based on the dynamic update of data, realize the rolling update of data; import the upstream and downstream section data change curves, the predicted section pollution concentration value and occurrence time, and the spatial distribution of the river pollution group into the preset visualization system;

[0114] Step 5, based on the upstream and downstream section data change curves, the predicted section pollution concentration value and occurrence time and the spatial distribution of the river pollution group are displayed on the visualization interface through the corresponding three-dimensional dynamic effect to achieve rolling water quality forecast.

[0115] Finally, a few points should be explained: First, in the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, which may refer to mechanical connection or electrical connection, or internal communication between two components, or direct connection. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may change;

[0116] Secondly: In the drawings of the embodiments disclosed in the present invention, only the structures related to the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are involved, and other structures can refer to the general design. In the absence of conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other;

[0117] Finally: The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Emergency prediction system for sudden water pollution diffusion, characterized by: Include The water environment pollution data monitoring module is used to collect water pollution parameters of the monitored environment in real time and upload them to the monitoring center in real time; A geographic location information acquisition module is used to receive a click operation on a preset electronic map, select a simulated water environment pollution accident occurrence point, and obtain the geographic location information corresponding to the simulated water environment pollution accident occurrence point; The model prediction processing module is used to input the geographical location information and the water pollution parameters of the monitored environment into the preset water environment pollution diffusion emergency prediction model obtained through training for prediction processing, use the mathematical model to perform curve fitting, superposition and conversion, select appropriate parameters to draw the upstream and downstream section data change curves, predict the section pollution concentration value and occurrence time, and the spatial distribution of the river pollution group; Model data dynamic update module, used to realize data rolling update based on dynamic data update; A data visualization module is used to import the upstream and downstream section data change curves, the predicted section pollution concentration values ​​and occurrence time, and the spatial distribution of river pollution clusters into a preset visualization system; The three-dimensional display module is used to predict the pollution concentration value and occurrence time of the section and the spatial distribution of the river pollution group based on the upstream and downstream section data change curves, and display them on the visualization interface through the corresponding three-dimensional dynamic effects to achieve rolling water quality forecasting.

2. The emergency prediction system for sudden water pollution diffusion according to claim 1 is characterized by: The mathematical model is specifically calculated as follows: Among them, μ is the mean; σ is the standard deviation; a is the peak amplitude; and b is the skewness.

3. The emergency prediction system for sudden water pollution diffusion according to claim 1 is characterized by: The water environment pollution data monitoring module comprises a data acquisition module, a multiplexing switch, an amplifying circuit and a dual operational amplifier bandpass filter, a voltage divider follower filtering circuit, an analog-to-digital converter, a microcontroller module, a radio frequency switching circuit, a wireless radio frequency chip, a clock module, an interface circuit module, a memory module and a power supply module; the data acquisition module is connected to the microcontroller module in sequence through the multiplexing switch, the amplifying circuit and the dual operational amplifier bandpass filter, the voltage divider follower filtering circuit and the analog-to-digital converter, the microcontroller module is connected to the wireless radio frequency chip through the radio frequency switching circuit, and the clock module, the interface circuit module, the memory module and the power supply module are respectively connected to the microcontroller module.

4. The emergency prediction system for sudden water pollution spread according to claim 1 is characterized by: The microcontroller module includes a data acquisition control module, a data processing module and a RAM read-write module, an interface chip control unit, a synchronous clock control module, a command de-framing module, a data reading module, and a power supply circuit, a reset circuit, a crystal oscillator circuit, a download circuit and a configuration SPIFlash circuit. The data acquisition control module, the interface chip control unit, the synchronous clock control module, the command de-framing module, the data reading module, and the power supply circuit, the reset circuit, the crystal oscillator circuit, the download circuit and the configuration SPIFlash circuit are respectively connected to the data processing module and the RAM read-write module.

5. The emergency prediction system for sudden water pollution spread according to claim 1 is characterized by: The amplification circuit and the dual operational amplifier bandpass filter include a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor, a first operational amplifier, a second operational amplifier, and a third operational amplifier, wherein a signal input -IN terminal is connected to one end of the first resistor, the other end of the first resistor is respectively connected to one end of the first capacitor, one end of the third resistor and a negative power supply pin of the first operational amplifier, the other end of the first capacitor is respectively connected to the other end of the third resistor and an output pin of the first operational amplifier, and a signal input +IN terminal is connected to one end of the second resistor, the other end of the second resistor is respectively connected to a positive power supply pin of the first operational amplifier, the fourth resistor one end of the first operational amplifier and one end of the second capacitor, the other end of the second capacitor is connected to the other end of the fourth resistor and is grounded, the output pin of the first operational amplifier is connected to one end of the fifth resistor, the other end of the fifth resistor is connected to the positive power pin of the second operational amplifier, the negative power pin of the second operational amplifier is connected to the negative power pin of the third operational amplifier, the positive power pin of the third operational amplifier is respectively connected to one end of the eighth resistor and one end of the ninth resistor, the other end of the ninth resistor is grounded, the other end of the eighth resistor is respectively connected to one end of the seventh resistor and the output pin of the second operational amplifier, the other end of the seventh resistor is connected to one end of the fourth capacitor, the other end of the fourth capacitor is respectively connected to one end of the ninth resistor, the other end of the ninth resistor is connected to one end of the third capacitor, and the other end of the third capacitor is grounded.

6. The emergency prediction system for sudden water pollution spread according to claim 1 is characterized by: The radio frequency switch circuit includes a radio frequency RF terminal, a first NMOS transistor Q1, a second NMOS transistor Q2, a third NMOS transistor Q3, a fourth NMOS transistor Q4, a fifth NMOS transistor Q5, a sixth NMOS transistor Q6, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, an eighth resistor R8, a ninth resistor R9, a tenth resistor R10, an eleventh resistor R11, a twelfth resistor R12, a first diode D1, a second diode D2, a third diode D3, a fourth diode D4, a fifth diode D5, a sixth diode D6, a radio frequency ANT terminal, and a voltage V CTRL Terminal and voltage V CTRI The radio frequency RF end is respectively connected to one end of the fifth resistor R5, one end of the seventh resistor R7, the drain of the third NMOS transistor Q3, and the drain of the fourth NMOS transistor Q4; the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is respectively connected to the source of the third NMOS transistor Q3, the drain of the second NMOS transistor Q2, and one end of the third resistor R3; the other end of the third resistor R3 is respectively connected to the source of the second NMOS transistor Q2 of the first NMOS transistor Q1, the drain of the first NMOS transistor Q1, and one end of the first resistor R1; the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the source of the first NMOS transistor Q1 and is grounded; the base of the first NMOS transistor Q1 is connected to the anode of the first diode; the cathode of the first diode is respectively connected to the gate of the first NMOS transistor Q1 and one end of the second resistor R2; the other end of the second resistor R2 is respectively connected to one end of the fourth resistor R4 and the voltage V CTRI The gate of the fourth NMOS transistor Q4 is connected to the cathode of the fourth diode D4 and one end of the eighth resistor R8, and the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the source of the fourth NMOS transistor Q4, the drain of the fifth NMOS transistor Q5, and the drain of the first NMOS transistor Q6. One end of the ninth resistor R9 and the gate of the fifth NMOS transistor Q5 are respectively connected to one end of the tenth resistor R10 and the cathode of the fifth diode D5, the anode of the fifth diode D5 is connected to the base of the fifth diode D5, the source of the fifth NMOS transistor Q5 is respectively connected to the other end of the ninth resistor R9, one end of the eleventh resistor R11 and the drain of the sixth NMOS transistor Q6, the gate of the sixth NMOS transistor Q6 is respectively connected to one end of the twelfth resistor R12 and the cathode of the sixth diode D6, the anode of the sixth diode D6 is connected to the base of the sixth diode D6, the other end of the twelfth resistor R12 is connected to the other end of the eighth resistor R8, and the other end of the tenth resistor R10 is connected to the voltage V CTRL The source of the sixth NMOS transistor Q6 is connected to the other end of the eleventh resistor R11 and the radio frequency ANT terminal respectively.

7. The emergency prediction system for sudden water pollution diffusion according to claim 1 is characterized by: The voltage divider follower filter circuit includes an operational amplifier U3, a resistor R11, a resistor R12, an operational amplifier U4, a resistor R13, and a capacitor C7. The output end of the operational amplifier U3 is connected to one end of the resistor R12, and the other end of the resistor R12 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R11 and the positive input end of the operational amplifier U4. The output end of the operational amplifier U4 is connected to one end of the resistor R13, and the other end of the resistor R13 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C7 and the A / D conversion unit. The other end of the capacitor C7 is grounded, and the other end of the resistor R11 is connected to the current signal conditioning circuit.

8. The emergency prediction system for sudden water pollution spread according to claim 1 is characterized by: The crystal oscillator circuit includes a control chip 7N10.000MBP, a capacitor C45, a resistor R22, a resistor R23, a resistor R24, a capacitor C69 and a voltage VCC end. The 8-interface of the control chip 7N10.000MBP is connected to one end of the resistor R22, and the other end of the resistor R22 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C45, the 9-interface of the control chip 7N10.000MBP, one end of the resistor R23 and the voltage VCC end. The other end of the capacitor C45 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R23 is connected to one end of the resistor R24, and the other end of the resistor R24 ​​is grounded. The 10-interface of the control chip 7N10.000MBP is connected to one end of the capacitor C69, and the other end of the capacitor C69 is grounded.

9. The emergency prediction system for sudden water pollution spread according to claim 1 is characterized by: The chip model of the multiplexer switch is AMC4601.

10. A monitoring method based on the emergency prediction system for sudden water pollution diffusion according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Step 1: collect water pollution parameters of the monitored environment in real time and upload them to the monitoring center in real time; Step 2, receiving a click operation on a preset electronic map, selecting a simulated occurrence point of a water environment pollution accident, and obtaining geographical location information corresponding to the simulated occurrence point of the water environment pollution accident; Step 3, inputting the geographical location information and the water pollution parameters of the monitored environment into the trained preset water environment pollution diffusion emergency prediction model for prediction processing, using the mathematical model for curve fitting, superposition and conversion, selecting appropriate parameters to draw the upstream and downstream section data change curves, predicting the section pollution concentration value and occurrence time, and the spatial distribution of the river pollution group; Step 4, based on the dynamic update of data, realize the rolling update of data; import the upstream and downstream section data change curves, the predicted section pollution concentration value and occurrence time, and the spatial distribution of the river pollution group into the preset visualization system; Step 5, based on the upstream and downstream section data change curves, the predicted section pollution concentration value and occurrence time and the spatial distribution of the river pollution group are displayed on the visualization interface through the corresponding three-dimensional dynamic effect to achieve rolling water quality forecast.

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