Output electrode and preparation method thereof, battery and electric equipment

Abstract

The invention provides an output electrode and a preparation method thereof, a battery and electric equipment, the output electrode comprises a substrate and an insulating layer, and the insulating layer coats a part of the surface of the substrate; wherein the insulating layer is made of modified polyphenylene sulfide resin and a reinforcing agent distributed in the modified polyphenylene sulfide resin; the reinforcing agent comprises a lamellar material. According to the embodiment of the invention, the reinforcing agent of the sheet material is added, so that the size stability of the polyphenylene sulfide resin is improved, the size shrinkage / expansion difference in each direction when the formed insulating layer and the substrate are subjected to alternate cooling and heating is reduced, and the size shrinkage / expansion consistency of the product in each direction is improved; the possibility of cracking of the large surface of the product is reduced, and the product performance is improved. And moreover, the material of the sheet layer has no obvious orientation, so that the condition that the formed insulating layer is deformed under stress is reduced, and the product performance is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of batteries, and in particular to an output electrode and a preparation method thereof, a battery, and an electrical device. Background Art

[0002] This section merely provides background information related to the present application and is not necessarily prior art.

[0003] With the rapid development of the current society, people's demand for green new energy and high-performance energy storage equipment is becoming more and more urgent. As a new generation of green energy storage and conversion devices, batteries have been widely used in portable electronic devices, power vehicles and other fields. Batteries generally include multiple battery cells, and multiple battery cells can be connected in series, in parallel or mixed through a conductive structure. The conductive structure is required to have conductivity to achieve the function of transmitting electrical energy, and it is also required not to have leakage or short circuit problems. The non-conductive functional area of ​​the conductive structure needs to be insulated, and it is necessary to solve the problem between the insulating layer of the conductive structure and the conductive substrate to maintain good product stability when subjected to alternating hot and cold. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main technical problem solved by the present application is to ensure that the insulating layer and the conductive substrate of the conductive structure in the battery can maintain good product stability when subjected to alternating hot and cold conditions.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an output pole, comprising: substrate; An insulating layer, the insulating layer covering a portion of the surface of the substrate; The material of the insulating layer includes modified polyphenylene sulfide resin and a reinforcing agent distributed in the modified polyphenylene sulfide resin; the reinforcing agent includes a sheet material.

[0006] The embodiment of the present application improves the dimensional stability of the polyphenylene sulfide resin by adding a reinforcing agent of the sheet material, reduces the difference in dimensional shrinkage / expansion in all directions between the formed insulating layer and the substrate when subjected to alternating cold and heat, improves the consistency of dimensional shrinkage / expansion in all directions of the product, reduces the possibility of cracking on the large surface of the product, and improves product performance. In addition, the sheet material has no obvious orientation, which reduces the stress deformation of the formed insulating layer, further improving product performance.

[0007] In some embodiments, the microstructure of the sheet material includes a sheet structure and / or a microstructure; Optionally, the diameter-to-thickness ratio of the sheet structure is greater than or equal to 50, and may be 50-100; Optionally, the single layer diameter-to-thickness ratio of the layered structure is greater than or equal to 50, and can be optionally 50-100.

[0008] Among them, the sheet structure is a kind of lamellar structure. In any embodiment, the diameter-to-thickness ratio of the sheet structure can be 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, or a range consisting of any two of the above values, for example, the diameter-to-thickness ratio of the sheet structure can be 50-80, 60-70 or 70-100, etc. Within the above range, it has a larger specific surface area and better controllability, which is conducive to improving the dimensional stability of the polyphenylene sulfide resin and reducing the difference in dimensional shrinkage / expansion in all directions between the formed insulating layer and the substrate when subjected to alternating cold and heat.

[0009] Among them, the layered structure refers to another type of lamellar structure, which is a material in which two or more layers of lamellar structures are stacked together. In any embodiment, the single-layer diameter-thickness ratio of the layered structure can be 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, or a range consisting of any two of the above values. For example, the single-layer diameter-thickness ratio of the layered structure can be 50-80, 60-70 or 70-100, etc. Within the above range, it has a larger specific surface area and better controllability, which is conducive to improving the dimensional stability of the polyphenylene sulfide resin and reducing the difference in dimensional shrinkage / expansion in all directions between the formed insulating layer and the substrate when subjected to alternating cold and heat.

[0010] In some embodiments, the average particle size of the sheet material is less than or equal to 2 μm, and optionally less than or equal to 1.6 μm.

[0011] In any embodiment, the average particle size of the sheet material can be 0.1 μm, 0.2 μm, 0.3 μm, 0.4 μm, 0.5 μm, 0.6 μm, 0.7 μm, 0.8 μm, 0.9 μm, 1.0 μm, 1.1 μm, 1.2 μm, 1.3 μm, 1.4 μm, 1.5 μm, 1.6 μm, 1.7 μm, 1.8 μm, 1.9 μm, 2.0 μm, or a range consisting of any two of the above values, for example, the average particle size of the sheet material can be 0.1 μm-0.6 μm, 0.1 μm-1.0 μm or 0.5 μm-1.6 μm, etc. Within the above range, the average particle size of the sheet material is small, and it needs to be refined for many times, so that the purity of the obtained sheet material is high, which is beneficial to reduce the content of impurities in the insulating layer and to make the formed insulating layer have good mechanical strength. Furthermore, the average particle size of the sheet material is less than or equal to 1.6 μm, which is further beneficial to improving the mechanical strength of the formed insulating layer.

[0012] In some embodiments, the sheet material includes one or both of talc and mica.

[0013] The main component of talcum powder is talcum powder containing hydrous magnesium silicate, with the molecular formula of Mg3[Si4O10 ](OH)2, which belongs to the monoclinic system, and the crystals are pseudo-hexagonal or rhombic flakes. Mica refers to one of the rock-forming minerals with hexagonal flake crystals. Talc and mica, as flaky materials, enhance the overall strength and insulation of polyphenylene sulfide resin, and are beneficial to improve the dimensional stability of polyphenylene sulfide resin, reduce the difference in dimensional shrinkage / expansion in all directions between the formed insulating layer and the substrate when subjected to alternating cold and heat, improve the consistency of dimensional shrinkage / expansion of the product in all directions, and reduce the possibility of cracking of the large surface of the product.

[0014] In some embodiments, the modified polyphenylene sulfide resin includes a toughening agent-modified polyphenylene sulfide resin; the toughening agent-modified polyphenylene sulfide resin is obtained by modifying the polyphenylene sulfide resin with a toughening agent.

[0015] In the embodiments of the present application, an insulating layer formed by a toughening agent-modified polyphenylene sulfide resin is provided, which is beneficial to increasing the flexibility of the insulating layer.

[0016] In some embodiments, the toughening agent includes ethylene-maleic anhydride-glycidyl methacrylate terpolymer.

[0017] Among them, the ethylene-maleic anhydride-glycidyl methacrylate terpolymer has multiple functional groups. The ethylene molecular chain can play a toughening role, and the anhydride group, epoxy group and other groups can improve the compatibility with the resin, enhance the bonding force with the polyphenylene sulfide resin, and improve the mechanical properties of the composite material.

[0018] In some embodiments, the number average molecular weight of the polyphenylene sulfide resin is 50,000-70,000, and optionally 50,000-60,000.

[0019] In any embodiment, the number average molecular weight of the polyphenylene sulfide resin can be 50000, 55000, 60000, 65000, 70000, or a range consisting of any two of the above values. For example, the number average molecular weight of the polyphenylene sulfide resin can be 55000-65000, 50000-60000 or 60000-70000, etc. Within the above range, by regulating the number average molecular weight of the polyphenylene sulfide resin, the formed insulating layer has good overall strength, which is beneficial to improving the dimensional stability of the insulating layer. Further, the number average molecular weight of the polyphenylene sulfide resin is 50000-60000, which is beneficial to improving the uniformity of the size of the polyphenylene sulfide resin molecules, and further beneficial to improving the stability of the overall strength of the formed insulating layer.

[0020] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the toughening agent to the polyphenylene sulfide resin is 5-30:100, and can be optionally 5-10:100.

[0021] In any embodiment, the mass ratio of the toughening agent to the polyphenylene sulfide resin can be 5:100, 10:100, 15:100, 20:100, 25:100, 30:100, or a range of any two of the above values. For example, the mass ratio of the toughening agent to the polyphenylene sulfide resin can be 5-10:100, 10-20:100 or 15-30:100. Within the above range, the insulating layer has good flexibility and reduces the possibility of cracking of the film layer. Further, the mass ratio of the toughening agent to the polyphenylene sulfide resin can be 5-10:100. Within the above range, the proportion of the polyphenylene sulfide resin in the insulating layer is relatively large, which is conducive to making the overall strength of the insulating layer within a good range.

[0022] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the sheet material to the polyphenylene sulfide resin is 10-60:100, and can be optionally 15-30:100.

[0023] In any embodiment, the mass ratio of the sheet material to the polyphenylene sulfide resin can be 10:100, 15:100, 20:100, 25:100, 30:100, 35:100, 40:100, 45:100, 50:100, 55:100, 60:100, or a range formed by any two of the above values, for example, the mass ratio of the sheet material to the polyphenylene sulfide resin can be 15-30:100, 20-40:100 or 45-55:100, etc. Within the above range, it is beneficial to improve the overall strength of the formed insulating layer and to reduce the difference in dimensional shrinkage / expansion in all directions between the formed insulating layer and the substrate when subjected to alternating cold and hot conditions. Furthermore, the mass ratio of the sheet material to the polyphenylene sulfide resin can be 15-30:100. Within the above range, as the amount of reinforcing agent added increases, the overall strength of the formed insulating layer also increases, and the consistency of the dimensional shrinkage / expansion of the formed insulating layer and the substrate in all directions when subjected to alternating hot and cold is also at a good level.

[0024] In some embodiments, along the flow direction or perpendicular to the flow direction, the absolute value of the difference between the linear expansion coefficient of the material of the insulating layer and the linear expansion coefficient of the material of the substrate is less than or equal to 50×10 -6 m / m·℃; Optionally, the linear expansion coefficient of the material of the insulating layer along the flow direction is 25×10 -6 m·℃-93×10 -6 m·℃, optional 38×10 -6 m / m·℃-65×10 -6 m / m·℃; Optionally, the linear expansion coefficient of the material of the insulating layer along the direction perpendicular to the flow is 29×10 -6 m·℃-97×10 -6 m·℃, optional 34×10 -6 m / m·℃-69×10 -6 m / m·℃.

[0025] In the embodiments of the present application, the linear expansion coefficients of the insulating layer and the substrate are adjusted along the flow direction or perpendicular to the flow direction to make the linear expansion coefficients of the two close to each other, so that the dimensional shrinkage / expansion degrees of the two in the two directions are consistent when subjected to alternating hot and cold temperatures, thereby reducing the possibility of cracking on large surfaces of the product and improving product performance.

[0026] In some embodiments, the absolute value of the difference between the linear expansion coefficient of the material of the insulating layer along the flow direction and the linear expansion coefficient along the perpendicular flow direction is less than or equal to 10×10 -6 m / m·℃.

[0027] In the embodiment of the present application, by regulating the linear expansion coefficient of the material of the insulation layer along different directions, the insulation layer can shrink / expand to the same extent in different directions when subjected to alternating hot and cold conditions, which is beneficial to improving the dimensional stability of the insulation layer.

[0028] In some embodiments, the material of the substrate includes a conductive metal or a conductive alloy; optionally, the material of the substrate includes one of copper, aluminum, a copper-containing alloy, or an aluminum-containing alloy.

[0029] Among them, any conductive metal or alloy can be used as the material of the substrate. Further, considering the conductivity of the substrate, dimensional stability, product weight, and raw material cost, the embodiments of the present application use one of copper, aluminum, copper-containing alloys, or aluminum-containing alloys as the material of the substrate.

[0030] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing an output electrode, comprising: providing a substrate; forming an insulating layer on a portion of the surface of the substrate; The material of the insulating layer includes modified polyphenylene sulfide resin and a reinforcing agent distributed in the modified polyphenylene sulfide resin; the reinforcing agent includes a sheet material.

[0031] The embodiment of the present application forms an output pole through the provided preparation method, and the dimensional shrinkage / expansion of the insulating layer and the substrate in all directions is slightly different when subjected to alternating hot and cold conditions, the possibility of cracking on the large surface of the product is reduced, and the product performance is improved.

[0032] In some embodiments, forming an insulating layer on a portion of a surface of a substrate includes: Mixing polyphenylene sulfide resin, toughening agent and reinforcing agent to form a premix; The premix is ​​added into a twin-screw extruder for melt extrusion molding to obtain an insulating layer material, and the insulating layer material is formed into an insulating layer on a part of the surface of the substrate; wherein the screw speed of the twin-screw extruder is 300rpm~500rpm.

[0033] In the embodiment of the present application, a twin-screw extruder is used to melt-extrude polyphenylene sulfide resin, toughening agent and reinforcing agent to form an insulating layer on the side surface of the substrate. The screw speed of the twin-screw extruder is regulated so that the screw speed of the twin-screw extruder is at a lower level, thereby reducing the damage to the reinforcing agent of the sheet material during the operation of the twin-screw extrusion, so that the integrity of the sheet material is better, thereby achieving the effect of the reinforcing agent on reducing the linear expansion coefficient of the composite material.

[0034] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery, comprising any output electrode provided in the first aspect or an output electrode prepared by the preparation method provided in the second aspect. When the battery adopts the given output electrode, it is beneficial to improve the performance of the battery.

[0035] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electric device, comprising the battery provided in the third aspect. When the battery of the electric device adopts the given output pole, it has at least the same advantages as the battery, and can improve the performance of the electric device.

[0036] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the drawings without paying creative work.

[0038] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery according to one or more embodiments; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery cell according to one or more embodiments; Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle according to one or more embodiments; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a battery module provided in some embodiments of the present application; Figure 5A schematic diagram of the structure of the output pole provided in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 for Figure 5 The cross-sectional structure diagram of the output pole along line AA is shown.

[0039] Description of Figure Numbers: 1000-vehicle, 100-battery, 200-controller, 300-motor, 400-battery module, 10-casing, 20-battery cell, 11-first part, 12-second part, 21-end cover, 22-shell, 23-electrode assembly, 21a-electrode terminal, 23a-ear, 401-output pole, 402-bus, 4011-base, 4012-insulating layer, 4011a-input surface, 4011b-output surface, 4011c-side surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and effect of the present application clearer and more specific, the following will describe the embodiments of the technical solution of the present application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, and are therefore only used as examples, and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

[0041] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by technicians in the technical field to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned figure descriptions and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0042] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "multiple" refers to more than two (including two), similarly, "multiple groups" refers to more than two (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to more than two (including two pieces), unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0043] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0044] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and / or" is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0045] Amounts, ratios and other numerical values ​​are presented herein in a range format. It should be understood that such a range format is for convenience and brevity and should be flexibly interpreted to include not only the values ​​explicitly specified as range limits, but also all individual values ​​or sub-ranges encompassed within the range, as if each value and sub-range were explicitly specified.

[0046] The output pole is used to realize the input or output of module power in the battery. Generally speaking, the base of the output pole is required to be conductive in order to realize the function of transmitting electric energy, and part of the surface is required to be insulated to play the role of isolating electrical conduction. In some schemes, the base of the output pole is made of metal and the outer surface is made of plastic. Due to the large difference in performance between the two at different temperatures, when the output pole product is used in an environment with large changes in temperature, it is easy for the linear thermal expansion coefficients of the metal and plastic materials to differ greatly at different temperatures, and the product dimensions in all directions will shrink / expand inconsistently, and eventually there will be a risk of cracking on the output pole surface.

[0047] In order to solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present application provides an output pole, including a substrate and an insulating layer. The insulating layer is coated on a portion of the surface of the substrate. Among them, the material of the insulating layer includes a modified polyphenylene sulfide resin and a reinforcing agent distributed in the modified polyphenylene sulfide resin. The reinforcing agent includes a sheet material. By adding a reinforcing agent of the sheet material, the dimensional stability of the polyphenylene sulfide resin is improved, the difference in dimensional shrinkage / expansion in all directions between the formed insulating layer and the substrate when subjected to alternating hot and cold is reduced, the consistency of the dimensional shrinkage / expansion of the product in all directions is improved, and the possibility of cracking of the large surface of the product is reduced.

[0048] The battery disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be used in an electrical device that uses the battery as a power source or in various energy storage systems that use the battery as an energy storage element. The electrical device can be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a laptop, an electric toy, an electric tool, a battery car, an electric car, a ship, a spacecraft, and the like. Among them, the electric toy can include a fixed or mobile electric toy, for example, a game console, an electric car toy, an electric ship toy, and an electric airplane toy, and the like, and the spacecraft can include an airplane, a rocket, a space shuttle, and a spacecraft, and the like. For the convenience of description, the following embodiments are described by taking a vehicle 1000 as an example of an electrical device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0049] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided for some embodiments of the present application. Vehicle 1000 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc. A battery 100 is provided inside the vehicle 1000, and the battery 100 may be provided at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle 1000. The battery 100 may be used to power the vehicle 1000, for example, the battery 100 may be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000. The vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300, and the controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to power the motor 300, for example, for starting, navigating and driving the vehicle 1000.

[0050] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery 100 can not only serve as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000, but also serve as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000. Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the battery provided for some embodiments of the present application. The battery 100 includes a box 10 and a battery cell 20, and the battery cell 20 is contained in the box 10. Among them, the box 10 is used to provide a storage space for the battery cell 20, and the box 10 can adopt a variety of structures. In some embodiments, the box 10 may include a first part 11 and a second part 12, the first part 11 and the second part 12 cover each other, and the first part 11 and the second part 12 jointly define a storage space for accommodating the battery cell 20. The second part 12 can be a hollow structure with one end open, the first part 11 can be a plate-like structure, and the first part 11 covers the open side of the second part 12, so that the first part 11 and the second part 12 jointly define a storage space; the first part 11 and the second part 12 can also be hollow structures with one side open, and the open side of the first part 11 covers the open side of the second part 12. Of course, the box 10 formed by the first part 11 and the second part 12 can be in a variety of shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, etc. In the battery 100 , there may be a plurality of battery cells 20 , and the plurality of battery cells 20 may be connected in series, in parallel, or in mixed connection. Mixed connection means that the plurality of battery cells 20 may be connected in series or in parallel. A plurality of battery cells 20 can be directly connected in series, in parallel or in a hybrid connection, and then the whole formed by the plurality of battery cells 20 can be accommodated in the box 10; of course, the battery 100 can also be a battery module formed by connecting a plurality of battery cells 20 in series, in parallel or in a hybrid connection, and then the plurality of battery modules are connected in series, in parallel or in a hybrid connection to form a whole, and then accommodated in the box 10. The battery 100 can also include other structures. For example, the battery 100 can also include a confluence component for realizing electrical connection between the plurality of battery cells 20. Each battery cell 20 can be a secondary battery or a primary battery; it can also be a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery or a magnesium-ion battery, but is not limited thereto. The battery cell 20 can be cylindrical, flat, rectangular or in other shapes. Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the decomposition structure of a battery cell provided in some embodiments of the present application. A battery cell 20 refers to the smallest unit that constitutes a battery. Figure 3The battery cell 20 includes an end cap 21, a shell 22, a battery cell assembly 23 and other functional components. The end cap 21 refers to a component that covers the opening of the shell 22 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 20 from the external environment. Without limitation, the shape of the end cap 21 can be adapted to the shape of the shell 22 to match the shell 22. Optionally, the end cap 21 can be made of a material with a certain hardness and strength (such as aluminum alloy), so that the end cap 21 is not easy to deform when squeezed and collided, so that the battery cell 20 can have a higher structural strength and the safety performance can also be improved. Functional components such as electrode terminals 21a can be provided on the end cap 21. The electrode terminal 21a can be used to electrically connect to the battery cell assembly 23 for outputting or inputting electrical energy of the battery cell 20. In some embodiments, the end cap 21 can also be provided with a pressure relief mechanism for releasing the internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold. The material of the end cap 21 can also be various, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not impose special restrictions on this. In some embodiments, an insulating member can also be provided on the inner side of the end cap 21, and the insulating member can be used to isolate the electrical connection components in the shell 22 from the end cap 21 to reduce the risk of short circuit. Exemplarily, the insulating member can be plastic, rubber, etc. The shell 22 is a component used to cooperate with the end cap 21 to form the internal environment of the battery cell 20, wherein the formed internal environment can be used to accommodate the battery cell assembly 23, electrolyte and other components. The shell 22 and the end cap 21 can be independent components, and an opening can be set on the shell 22, and the end cap 21 is closed at the opening to form the internal environment of the battery cell 20. Without limitation, the end cap 21 and the shell 22 can also be integrated. Specifically, the end cap 21 and the shell 22 can form a common connection surface before other components are put into the shell, and when the interior of the shell 22 needs to be encapsulated, the end cap 21 is closed to the shell 22. The shell 22 can be of various shapes and sizes, such as a rectangular parallelepiped, a cylindrical shape, a hexagonal prism, etc. Specifically, the shape of the shell 22 can be determined according to the specific shape and size of the battery cell assembly 23. The shell 22 can be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., and the embodiment of the present application does not impose any special restrictions on this. The battery cell assembly 23 is a component in the battery cell 100 where an electrochemical reaction occurs. One or more battery cell assemblies 23 may be included in the shell 22. The battery cell assembly 23 is mainly formed by winding or stacking the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, and a diaphragm is usually provided between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet. The part of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet with active substances constitutes the main body of the battery cell assembly, and the part of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet without active substances each constitutes a pole ear 23a. The positive pole ear and the negative pole ear can be located at one end of the main body or at both ends of the main body respectively.During the charge and discharge process of the battery, the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material react with the electrolyte, and the tab 23 a connects to the electrode terminal 21 a to form a current loop.

[0051] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the battery module provided for some embodiments of the present application. The battery module 400 includes a plurality of stacked battery cells 20, each battery cell 20 includes two electrode terminals 21a led out on the same side, and the electrode terminals 21a of the plurality of battery cells 20 are arranged in two rows along the stacking direction of the plurality of battery cells 20, and the two electrode terminals 21a located on the same side of two adjacent battery cells 20 are arranged at intervals. Two adjacent battery cells 20 are connected in series with each other through a busbar 402. The present embodiment provides a plurality of battery cells 20 connected in series with each other. It can be understood that the plurality of battery cells 20 can also be connected in parallel or in a mixed manner.

[0052] The battery module 400 includes a positive output pole 401 and a negative output pole 401. Of the two output poles 401 with different polarities, one is arranged on one side of the battery module 400, and the other is arranged on the opposite side. This embodiment shows a setting position of the two output poles 401. It can be understood that there can be multiple setting positions of the two output poles 401, which can be specifically set according to needs. It can be understood that the specific structure of the output pole 401 can be transformed in many ways. The embodiment of the present application provides a specific structure, which does not represent a limitation on the specific structure of the output pole 401, and the specific structure of the output pole 401 can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0053] Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the output pole provided in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 for Figure 5 The cross-sectional structure diagram of the output pole along the AA line is shown. The embodiment of the present application provides an output pole 401, including a substrate 4011 and an insulating layer 4012. The insulating layer 4012 is coated on a part of the surface of the insulating layer 4012; wherein the material of the insulating layer 4012 includes a modified polyphenylene sulfide resin and a reinforcing agent distributed in the modified polyphenylene sulfide resin. The reinforcing agent includes a sheet material.

[0054] In some embodiments, see Figure 5 and Figure 6The embodiment of the present application provides a specific structure of the output pole 401, wherein the substrate 4011 includes an input surface 4011a and an output surface 4011b disposed opposite to each other, and a side surface 4011c adjacent to the input surface 4011a and the output surface 4011b. The insulating layer 4012 is at least disposed on the side surface 4011c. At least a portion of the input surface 4011a is exposed to the insulating layer 4012, and at least a portion of the output surface 4011b is exposed to the insulating layer 4012.

[0055] Among them, the output pole 401 is used to realize the input or output of module electric energy in the battery 100. Generally speaking, a battery module 400 includes a positive output pole 401 and a negative output pole 401. The substrate 4011 of the output pole 401 has a conductive ability to realize the function of transmitting electric energy. In some schemes, the substrate 4011 of the output pole 401 can be any conductive material. For example, the substrate 4011 can be made of copper, aluminum, or one part is made of copper and the other part is made of aluminum. The input surface 4011a and the output surface 4011b are arranged opposite to each other, respectively for the input and output of electric energy. It can be understood that the input surface 4011a and the output surface 4011b are at least partially exposed to the insulating layer 4012 to realize the conductive performance of the output pole 401. The insulating layer 4012 of the output pole 401 may be provided only on the entire side surface 4011c, or may be provided on the entire side surface 4011c and extend to part of the input surface 4011a or part of the output surface 4011b. The insulating layer 4012 may be provided on the entire side surface 4011c and extend to part of the input surface 4011a and part of the output surface 4011b to isolate electrical conduction. In some embodiments, the input surface 4011a or the portion thereof exposed to the insulating layer 4012 is connected to the positive or negative electrode of the battery cell 20, the output surface 4011b or the portion thereof exposed to the insulating layer 4012 is connected to other devices, and the other surfaces of the substrate 4011 are covered with the insulating layer 4012 to reduce leakage or short circuit of the output pole 401.

[0056] The material of the insulating layer 4012 of the present application includes modified polyphenylene sulfide resin and a reinforcing agent distributed in the modified polyphenylene sulfide resin. The polyphenylene sulfide resin is a thermoplastic resin with a phenylthio group in the main chain of the molecule. The bond structure between the sulfur atom and the benzene ring in the molecular chain is tight, and it has a high glass transition temperature and thermal stability. It can still maintain good insulation performance under high temperature, high pressure and strong acid and alkali environments. In addition, the polyphenylene sulfide resin has good dimensional stability, and the size shrinkage / expansion in each direction when the product is subjected to alternating cold and heat is not much different. In addition, the polyphenylene sulfide resin has a low dielectric constant and dielectric loss. Under the action of an external electric field, the polarization degree of its molecular chain is small, and it can still maintain good insulation performance under high voltage, high frequency and strong electric field. However, the insulating layer 4012 formed by the polyphenylene sulfide resin and the substrate 4011 have a large difference in size shrinkage / expansion in each direction when the product is subjected to alternating cold and heat, and it is easy to produce cracks on the large surface of the product. Lamellar materials refer to materials with a two-dimensional lamellar structure (diameter-to-thickness ratio is at least greater than 10:1). The particle size of a single-layer structure is usually in the range of several microns to tens of microns, and the thickness is about several hundred nanometers.

[0057] The embodiment of the present application improves the dimensional stability of the polyphenylene sulfide resin by adding a reinforcing agent of the sheet material, reduces the difference in dimensional shrinkage / expansion in all directions between the formed insulating layer 4012 and the substrate 4011 when subjected to alternating cold and heat, improves the consistency of dimensional shrinkage / expansion in all directions of the product, reduces the possibility of cracking on the large surface of the product, and improves product performance. In addition, the sheet material has no obvious orientation, which reduces the stress deformation of the formed insulating layer 4012, further improving product performance.

[0058] In some embodiments, the microstructure of the sheet material includes a sheet-like structure and / or a layered structure; Optionally, the diameter-to-thickness ratio of the sheet structure is greater than or equal to 50, and may be 50-100; Optionally, the single layer diameter-to-thickness ratio of the layered structure is greater than or equal to 50, and can be optionally 50-100.

[0059] The sheet structure is a type of lamellar structure. In any embodiment, the diameter-to-thickness ratio of the sheet structure can be 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, or a range consisting of any two of the above values, for example, the diameter-to-thickness ratio of the sheet structure can be 50-80, 60-70 or 70-100, etc. Within the above range, it has a larger specific surface area and better controllability, which is beneficial to improving the dimensional stability of the polyphenylene sulfide resin and reducing the difference in dimensional shrinkage / expansion in all directions between the formed insulating layer 4012 and the substrate 4011 when subjected to alternating cold and heat.

[0060] Among them, the layered structure refers to another type of sheet material, which is a material in which two or more layers of sheet materials are stacked together. In any embodiment, the single layer diameter-thickness ratio of the layered structure can be 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, or a range consisting of any two of the above values. For example, the single layer diameter-thickness ratio of the layered structure can be 50-80, 60-70 or 70-100, etc. Within the above range, it has a larger specific surface area and better controllability, which is conducive to improving the dimensional stability of the polyphenylene sulfide resin and reducing the difference in dimensional shrinkage / expansion in all directions between the formed insulating layer 4012 and the substrate 4011 when subjected to alternating cold and heat.

[0061] In some embodiments, the average particle size of the sheet material is less than or equal to 2 μm, and optionally less than or equal to 1.6 μm.

[0062] In the examples of the present application, the average particle size refers to the average diameter of the sheet material. The average particle size test refers to the laser particle size analyzer diffraction method of GB / T19077-2016. Take a clean beaker, add an appropriate amount of the sample to be tested, add a surfactant dropwise, and then add a dispersant. After fully dispersed, use a laser particle size analyzer to measure the particle size distribution characteristics of the particles (shading degree: 8-12%).

[0063] In any embodiment, the average particle size of the sheet material can be 0.1 μm, 0.2 μm, 0.3 μm, 0.4 μm, 0.5 μm, 0.6 μm, 0.7 μm, 0.8 μm, 0.9 μm, 1.0 μm, 1.1 μm, 1.2 μm, 1.3 μm, 1.4 μm, 1.5 μm, 1.6 μm, 1.7 μm, 1.8 μm, 1.9 μm, 2.0 μm, or a range consisting of any two of the above values. For example, the average particle size of the sheet material can be 0.1 μm-0.6 μm, 0.1 μm-1.0 μm or 0.5 μm-1.6 μm, etc. Within the above range, the average particle size of the sheet material is small, and it needs to be refined for multiple times, so that the purity of the obtained sheet material is high, which is beneficial to reduce the content of impurities in the insulating layer 4012 and to make the formed insulating layer 4012 have good mechanical strength. Furthermore, the average particle size of the sheet material is less than or equal to 1.6 μm, which is further beneficial to improving the mechanical strength of the formed insulating layer 4012 .

[0064] In some embodiments, the sheet material includes one or both of talc and mica.

[0065] The main component of talcum powder is talcum powder containing hydrous magnesium silicate, with the molecular formula of Mg3[Si4O 10](OH)2, which belongs to the monoclinic system, and the crystals are pseudo-hexagonal or rhombic flakes. Mica refers to one of the rock-forming minerals with hexagonal flake crystals. Talc and mica are used as sheet materials to enhance the overall strength and insulation of polyphenylene sulfide resin, and are beneficial to improving the dimensional stability of polyphenylene sulfide resin, reducing the difference in dimensional shrinkage / expansion in all directions between the formed insulating layer 4012 and the substrate 4011 when subjected to alternating cold and heat, improving the consistency of dimensional shrinkage / expansion of the product in all directions, and reducing the possibility of cracking of the large surface of the product.

[0066] In some embodiments, the modified polyphenylene sulfide resin includes a toughening agent-modified polyphenylene sulfide resin; the toughening agent-modified polyphenylene sulfide resin is obtained by toughening agent-modified polyphenylene sulfide resin.

[0067] The toughening agent refers to a substance that can reduce the brittleness of the insulating layer 4012 and increase the flexibility of the insulating layer 4012 .

[0068] In the embodiment of the present application, an insulating layer 4012 formed of a toughening agent-modified polyphenylene sulfide resin is provided, which is beneficial to increase the flexibility of the insulating layer 4012 .

[0069] In some embodiments, the toughening agent includes ethylene-maleic anhydride-glycidyl methacrylate terpolymer (EMG).

[0070] Among them, the ethylene-maleic anhydride-glycidyl methacrylate terpolymer has multiple functional groups. The ethylene molecular chain can play a toughening role, and the anhydride group, epoxy group and other groups can improve the compatibility with the resin, enhance the bonding force with the polyphenylene sulfide resin, and improve the mechanical properties of the composite material.

[0071] In some embodiments, the number average molecular weight of the polyphenylene sulfide resin is 50,000-70,000, and optionally 50,000-60,000.

[0072] Among them, polymers are composed of homologous mixtures with the same chemical composition but different degrees of polymerization, that is, a mixture of polymers with different molecular chain lengths. The number average molecular weight refers to the size of the molecules of polyphenylene sulfide resin according to the number of molecules, that is, the ratio of the total mass of the molecules to the total number of molecules.

[0073] In any embodiment, the number average molecular weight of the polyphenylene sulfide resin can be 50000, 55000, 60000, 65000, 70000, or a range consisting of any two of the above values. For example, the number average molecular weight of the polyphenylene sulfide resin can be 55000-65000, 50000-60000 or 60000-70000, etc. Within the above range, by adjusting the number average molecular weight of the polyphenylene sulfide resin, the formed insulating layer 4012 has good overall strength, which is beneficial to improving the dimensional stability of the insulating layer 4012. Further, the number average molecular weight of the polyphenylene sulfide resin is 50000-60000, which is beneficial to improving the uniformity of the size of the polyphenylene sulfide resin molecules, and further beneficial to improving the stability of the overall strength of the formed insulating layer 4012.

[0074] In some embodiments, in the process of modifying the polyphenylene sulfide resin with a toughening agent, the mass ratio of the toughening agent to the polyphenylene sulfide resin is 5-30:100, and can be optionally 5-10:100.

[0075] In any embodiment, the mass ratio of the toughening agent to the polyphenylene sulfide resin can be 5:100, 10:100, 15:100, 20:100, 25:100, 30:100, or a range of any two of the above values. For example, the mass ratio of the toughening agent to the polyphenylene sulfide resin can be 5-10:100, 10-20:100 or 15-30:100. Within the above range, the toughening agent-modified polyphenylene sulfide resin has good flexibility and reduces the possibility of cracking of the film layer. Further, the mass ratio of the toughening agent to the polyphenylene sulfide resin can be 5-10:100. Within the above range, the proportion of the polyphenylene sulfide resin in the insulating layer 4012 is relatively large, which is conducive to making the overall strength of the toughening agent-modified polyphenylene sulfide resin within a good range.

[0076] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the sheet material to the polyphenylene sulfide resin is 10-60:100, and can be optionally 15-30:100.

[0077] In any embodiment, the mass ratio of the sheet material to the polyphenylene sulfide resin can be 10:100, 15:100, 20:100, 25:100, 30:100, 35:100, 40:100, 45:100, 50:100, 55:100, 60:100, or a range formed by any two of the above values. For example, the mass ratio of the sheet material to the polyphenylene sulfide resin can be 15-30:100, 20-40:100 or 45-55:100, etc. Within the above range, it is beneficial to improve the overall strength of the formed insulating layer 4012 and to reduce the difference in dimensional shrinkage / expansion in all directions between the formed insulating layer 4012 and the substrate 4011 when subjected to alternating cold and heat. Furthermore, the mass ratio of the sheet material to the polyphenylene sulfide resin can be 15-30:100. Within the above range, as the amount of sheet material added increases, the overall strength of the formed insulating layer 4012 also increases accordingly, and the consistency of the dimensional shrinkage / expansion of the formed insulating layer 4012 and the substrate 4011 in all directions when subjected to alternating hot and cold is also at a good level.

[0078] In some embodiments, the melt flow rate of the polyphenylene sulfide resin under the test condition of 316°C / 5kg is 50g / 10min-100g / 10min. For example, the melt flow rate of the polyphenylene sulfide resin under the test condition of 316°C / 5kg can be 50g / 10min, 60g / 10min, 70g / 10min, 80g / 10min, 90g / 10min, 100g / 10min, or a range consisting of any two of the above values, for example, the melt flow rate of the polyphenylene sulfide resin under the test condition of 316°C / 5kg can be 50g / 10min-70g / 10min, 70g / 10min-90g / 10min, or 90g / 10min-100g / 10min, etc.

[0079] In some embodiments, along the flow direction or perpendicular to the flow direction, the absolute value of the difference between the linear expansion coefficient of the material of the insulating layer 4012 and the linear expansion coefficient of the material of the substrate 4011 is less than or equal to 50×10 -6 m / m·℃; Optionally, the linear expansion coefficient of the material of the insulating layer along the flow direction is 25×10 -6 m·℃-93×10 -6 m·℃, optional 38×10 - 6 m / m·℃-65×10 -6 m / m·℃; Optionally, the linear expansion coefficient of the material of the insulating layer along the direction perpendicular to the flow is 29×10 -6 m·℃-97×10 -6 m·℃, optional 34×10-6 m / m·℃-69×10 -6 m / m·℃.

[0080] The linear expansion coefficient indicates the degree of expansion or contraction of the material. The embodiment of the present application uses the linear expansion coefficient to characterize the dimensional contraction / expansion of the insulating layer 4012 and the substrate 4011 in all directions when subjected to alternating hot and cold conditions. The flow direction refers to the direction in which the polyphenylene sulfide resin enters from the feed gate, is melted and extruded, and is output from the screw machine during the process of preparing the product. The vertical flow direction refers to the direction perpendicular to the flow direction.

[0081] In an embodiment of the present application, along the flow direction or perpendicular to the flow direction, the linear expansion coefficients of the materials of the insulating layer 4012 and the substrate 4011 are adjusted to make their linear expansion coefficients close, so that the degrees of dimensional contraction / expansion of the two in two directions are consistent when subjected to alternating hot and cold temperatures, thereby reducing the possibility of cracking on large surfaces of the product and helping to improve product performance.

[0082] In some embodiments, the linear expansion coefficient of the material of the insulating layer 4012 along the flow direction is 25×10 -6 m·℃-93×10 -6 m·℃, the linear expansion coefficient of the material of the insulating layer 4012 along the vertical flow direction is 29×10 -6 m·℃-97×10 -6 m·℃, the substrate 4011 is made of aluminum and / or copper, and its linear expansion coefficient is 20×10 -6 m·℃-50×10 -6 m·℃, the difference in linear expansion coefficient between the two along the flow direction is 0-73×10 -6 m·℃, the difference in linear expansion coefficient between the two along the vertical flow direction is 0-77×10 -6 m·℃, the shrinkage / expansion degree of the two dimensions in the two directions when subjected to alternating cold and heat is more consistent, further reducing the possibility of cracking of the large surface of the product. In some embodiments, the linear expansion coefficient of the material of the insulating layer 4012 along the flow direction is 38×10 -6 m / m·℃-65×10 -6 m / m·℃, the linear expansion coefficient of the material of the insulating layer 4012 along the vertical flow direction is 34×10 -6 m / m·℃-69×10 -6 m / m·℃, the substrate 4011 is made of aluminum and / or copper, and its linear expansion coefficient is 20×10 -6 m·℃-50×10 -6 m·℃, the difference in linear expansion coefficient between the two along the flow direction is 0-45×10 -6m·℃, the difference in linear expansion coefficient between the two along the vertical flow direction is 0-49×10 -6 m·℃, the dimensional shrinkage / expansion in both directions when subjected to alternating hot and cold conditions are more consistent, further reducing the possibility of large surface cracking of the product.

[0083] In some embodiments, the absolute value of the difference between the linear expansion coefficient of the material of the insulating layer 4012 along the flow direction and the linear expansion coefficient along the perpendicular flow direction is less than or equal to 10×10 -6 m / m·℃.

[0084] In the embodiment of the present application, by adjusting the linear expansion coefficient of the material of the insulating layer 4012 along different directions, the insulating layer 4012 can shrink / expand to the same extent in different directions when subjected to alternating hot and cold conditions, which is beneficial to improving the dimensional stability of the insulating layer 4012.

[0085] In some embodiments, the material of the substrate 4011 includes a conductive metal or a conductive alloy; optionally, the material of the substrate 4011 includes one of copper, aluminum, a copper-containing alloy, or an aluminum-containing alloy.

[0086] Among them, any conductive metal or alloy can be used as the material of the substrate 4011. Further, considering the conductivity, dimensional stability, product weight, and raw material cost of the substrate 4011, the embodiment of the present application uses copper, aluminum, copper-containing alloys, or aluminum-containing alloys as the material of the substrate 4011.

[0087] In some embodiments, the modified polyphenylene sulfide resin may also include other auxiliary agent modified polyphenylene sulfide resin, and the auxiliary agent may be one or more of a coupling agent, an antioxidant, and a thermal stabilizer. In some embodiments, the modified polyphenylene sulfide resin may be a coupling agent modified polyphenylene sulfide resin, and in the process of the coupling agent modified polyphenylene sulfide resin, the mass ratio of the coupling agent to the polyphenylene sulfide resin is 1:100. By way of example, the coupling agent may be a titanate coupling agent, and it is understood that other types of coupling agents may also be used. In some embodiments, the modified polyphenylene sulfide resin may be an antioxidant modified polyphenylene sulfide resin, and in the process of the antioxidant modified polyphenylene sulfide resin, the mass ratio of the antioxidant to the polyphenylene sulfide resin is 0.5:100. By way of example, the antioxidant may be pentaerythritol diphosphate, and it is understood that other types of antioxidants may also be used. In some embodiments, the modified polyphenylene sulfide resin may be a heat stabilizer-modified polyphenylene sulfide resin, and in the process of heat stabilizer-modified polyphenylene sulfide resin, the mass ratio of the heat stabilizer to the polyphenylene sulfide resin is 0.5: 100. For example, the heat stabilizer may be a phosphite, and it is understood that other types of heat stabilizers may also be used.

[0088] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing an output electrode 401, comprising: Providing a substrate 4011; forming an insulating layer 4012 on a portion of the surface of the substrate 4011; The material of the insulating layer 4012 includes modified polyphenylene sulfide resin and a reinforcing agent distributed in the modified polyphenylene sulfide resin; the reinforcing agent includes a sheet material.

[0089] The embodiment of the present application prepares the output pole 401 by the provided method, and the dimensional shrinkage / expansion of the insulating layer 4012 and the substrate 4011 in all directions when subjected to alternating hot and cold conditions is slightly different, the possibility of cracking of the large surface of the product is reduced, and the product performance is improved.

[0090] In some embodiments, forming an insulating layer 4012 on a portion of the surface of the substrate 4011 includes: Mixing polyphenylene sulfide resin, toughening agent and reinforcing agent to form a premix; The premix is ​​added into a twin-screw extruder for melt extrusion molding to obtain an insulating layer material, and the insulating layer material is formed into an insulating layer 4012 on a portion of the surface of the substrate 4011; wherein the screw speed of the twin-screw extruder is 300rpm~500rpm.

[0091] Wherein, in some embodiments, polyphenylene sulfide resin, toughening agent and reinforcing agent can be added from different feed ports respectively, enter the screw, and form a premix. In some embodiments, a twin-screw extruder is used to melt-extrude the premix. In some embodiments, the process parameters of melt extrusion molding are set and adjusted accordingly according to the properties of polyphenylene sulfide resin, toughening agent and reinforcing agent. In some embodiments, the process parameters of melt extrusion molding can be: temperature setting of zone 1: 200℃-220℃, temperature setting of zone 2: 280℃-300℃, temperature setting of zone 3: 290℃-310℃, temperature setting of zone 4: 300℃-320℃, temperature setting of zone 5: 290℃-310℃, temperature setting of zone 6: 290℃-310℃, temperature setting of zone 7: 300℃-320℃, temperature setting of zone 8: 300℃-320℃, temperature setting of zone 9: 290℃-310℃, temperature setting of die head: 300℃-320℃. In some embodiments, the ratio of the screw length to the diameter L / D of the twin-screw extruder is 40, 48 or 64. In some embodiments, the screw is provided with more than two shear block areas and one reverse thread area, so that the material pile is more dense and the injection molding appearance is better. In some embodiments, the angle of the adhesive block of the screw is 30°, 45°, 60° or 90°, and the larger the angle, the stronger the shear force. For example, the screw speed of the twin-screw extruder can be 300rpm, 350rpm, 400rpm, 450rpm, 500rpm.

[0092] In the embodiment of the present application, a twin-screw extruder is used to melt-extrude polyphenylene sulfide resin, toughening agent and reinforcing agent to form an insulating layer 4012 on the side surface 4011c of the substrate 4011. The screw speed of the twin-screw extruder is regulated so that the screw speed of the twin-screw extruder is at a lower level, thereby reducing the damage to the reinforcing agent of the sheet material during the operation of the twin-screw extrusion, so that the integrity of the sheet material is better, thereby achieving the effect of the reinforcing agent in reducing the linear expansion coefficient of the composite material.

[0093] The beneficial effects of the present application are further illustrated below with reference to the embodiments.

[0094] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the embodiments of the present application clearer, the following will be further described in detail with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present application and its applications. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0095] Example 1 1. Preparation of output pole: A substrate 4011 is provided; the substrate 4011 includes an input surface 4011a and an output surface 4011b that are arranged opposite to each other, and a side surface 4011c adjacent to the input surface 4011a and the output surface 4011b, and the material of the substrate 4011 is aluminum; 5kg of polyphenylene sulfide resin with a number average molecular weight of 50,000 and an average particle size of 2 μm and 250g of ethylene-maleic anhydride-methacrylate glycidyl terpolymer are added to the main feed of the twin-screw extruder, and 250g of talc powder with a layered structure is added to the screw through the side feed discharge port for melt extrusion to obtain an insulating layer material. The process parameters of melt extrusion are: temperature setting of zone 1: 210°C, temperature setting of zone 2: 290°C, temperature setting of zone 3: 300°C, temperature setting of zone 4: 310°C, temperature setting of zone 5: 300°C, temperature setting of zone 6: 300°C, temperature setting of zone 7: 310°C, temperature setting of zone 8: 310°C, temperature setting of zone 9: 300°C, temperature setting of die head: 310°C, and screw speed of 400rpm. The ratio of screw length to diameter L / D of the twin-screw extruder is 48. The screw has two shear block areas and one reverse thread area. The angle of the screw's bonding block is 60 degrees.

[0096] An insulating layer material is formed at least on the side surface 4011 c of the substrate 4011 to form an insulating layer 4012 , wherein at least a portion of the input surface 4011 a is exposed to the insulating layer 4012 , and at least a portion of the output surface 4011 b is exposed to the insulating layer 4012 .

[0097] The specific parameters of each embodiment and comparative example are shown in Table 1, and the rest are the same as Example 1.

[0098] 2. Test method for average particle size of sheet materials: The average particle size test refers to the laser particle size analyzer diffraction method of GB / T19077-2016. Take a clean beaker, add an appropriate amount of the sample to be tested, add a surfactant and then a dispersant. After sufficient dispersion, use a laser particle size analyzer to measure the particle size distribution characteristics (shading degree: 8%-12%).

[0099] 3. Testing method for microscopic morphology of sheet materials: The lamella material is mixed with deionized water and evenly dispersed, and a few drops of the obtained dilution are dripped onto the sample preparation table with a dropper, and dried for later use. The dried sample to be tested is placed on the observation table of a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to obtain a microscopic morphology of the lamella material. In the obtained microscopic morphology, a certain number of lamella materials are randomly selected, and the radial length and thickness of the above number of lamella materials are measured respectively, so as to calculate the diameter-to-thickness ratio of each lamella material, and then the average diameter-to-thickness ratio of the lamella material is calculated based on the diameter-to-thickness ratio of each lamella material.

[0100] 4. Preparation of test samples: The insulating layer material for the output pole is made into the rectangular spline required for the test according to the measurement requirements of ISO11359-1 / -2 for the linear thermal expansion coefficient of plastics. The length of the spline is required to be 10mm, the width is required to be 10mm, and the thickness is required to be 4mm. The material of the base 4011 is made into the spline required for the test according to the measurement requirements of GB / T4399-2008 for the thermal expansion characteristic parameters of metal materials. The length of the spline is required to be 25mm, and the lateral dimension is required to be 5mm.

[0101] The testing process of other embodiments is the same as above.

[0102] Table 1 Sample parameters and performance test results of various embodiments and comparative examples The results show that the insulating layer of comparative example 1 adopts glass fiber reinforced polyphenylene sulfide resin, and the difference in dimensional shrinkage / expansion change between the insulating layer and the substrate in the same direction is large, and the difference in dimensional shrinkage / expansion change between the insulating layer itself in different directions is large; compared with comparative example 1, the insulating layer of the embodiment of the present application adopts modified polyphenylene sulfide resin reinforced with sheet material, and the difference in dimensional shrinkage / expansion change between the insulating layer and the substrate in the same direction and / or the difference in dimensional shrinkage / expansion change between the insulating layer itself in different directions is low, which is beneficial to improving the dimensional stability of the output pole and reducing the possibility of cracking of the large surface of the product.

[0103] From Examples 1-10, when the mass ratio of talcum powder to polyphenylene sulfide resin increases, the effect on the dimensional stability of the output electrode fluctuates to a certain extent. Therefore, regulating the mass ratio of talcum powder to polyphenylene sulfide resin can further improve the dimensional stability of the output electrode.

[0104] From Examples 3 and 11-14, it can be seen that when the diameter-to-thickness ratio of talcum powder increases, the thermal expansion coefficient of the insulating layer along different directions is significantly reduced; the difference in dimensional shrinkage / expansion change of the insulating layer along different directions and the difference in dimensional shrinkage / expansion change of the insulating layer and the base layer in the same direction fluctuate within a smaller range. Therefore, appropriately increasing the diameter-to-thickness ratio of talcum powder can further improve the dimensional stability of the output electrode.

[0105] From Examples 3 and 15, when the average particle size of talcum powder decreases, the thermal expansion coefficient of the insulating layer along different directions and the difference in dimensional shrinkage / expansion change of the insulating layer along different directions are significantly reduced; the difference in dimensional shrinkage / expansion change of the insulating layer and the base layer in the same direction fluctuates within a smaller range. Therefore, appropriately reducing the average particle size of talcum powder can further improve the dimensional stability of the output electrode.

[0106] From Examples 3 and 16-19, when the molecular weight of talcum powder increases, the thermal expansion coefficient of the insulating layer along different directions, the difference in dimensional shrinkage / expansion change of the insulating layer along different directions, and the difference in dimensional shrinkage / expansion change of the insulating layer and the base layer in the same direction fluctuate within a smaller range. Therefore, regulating the molecular weight of talcum powder can further improve the dimensional stability of the output electrode.

[0107] From Examples 3 and 20-23, when the mass ratio of EMG to polyphenylene sulfide resin increases, the thermal expansion coefficient of the insulating layer along different directions and the difference in dimensional shrinkage / expansion change of the insulating layer along different directions are significantly increased, and the difference in dimensional shrinkage / expansion change of the insulating layer and the base layer in the same direction fluctuates within a smaller range. Therefore, regulating the mass ratio of EMG to polyphenylene sulfide resin can further improve the dimensional stability of the output electrode.

[0108] From Examples 3 and 24-26, it can be seen that when other additives are added, the effect on the dimensional stability of the output electrode fluctuates to a certain extent.

[0109] From Examples 3 and 27, it can be seen that when other substrate materials are used, the dimensional stability of the output pole is also increased. Therefore, the output pole provided by the embodiments of the present application can be widely applicable to output poles of various substrates.

[0110] From Comparative Example 1, Examples 3 and 28, when different sheet materials are used, the dimensional stability of the output pole is increased relative to Comparative Example 1. Therefore, different sheet materials can be used to improve the dimensional stability of the output pole.

[0111] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0112] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0113] The above description is only an implementation method of the present application, and does not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly used in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An output pole, characterized in that, include: substrate; an insulating layer, the insulating layer covering a portion of the surface of the substrate; Wherein, the material of the insulating layer includes modified polyphenylene sulfide resin and a reinforcing agent distributed in the modified polyphenylene sulfide resin; the reinforcing agent includes a sheet material.

2. The output pole according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microscopic morphology of the sheet material includes a sheet structure and / or a layered structure; Optionally, the diameter-to-thickness ratio of the sheet structure is greater than or equal to 50, and can be 50-100; Optionally, the single-layer diameter-to-thickness ratio of the layered structure is greater than or equal to 50, and can be optionally 50-100.

3. The output pole according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The average particle size of the sheet material is less than or equal to 2 μm, and can be optionally less than or equal to 1.6 μm.

4. The output pole according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The sheet material includes one or both of talc and mica.

5. The output pole according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The modified polyphenylene sulfide resin includes a toughening agent-modified polyphenylene sulfide resin; the toughening agent-modified polyphenylene sulfide resin is obtained by modifying the polyphenylene sulfide resin with a toughening agent.

6. The output pole according to claim 5, characterized in that: The toughening agent includes ethylene-maleic anhydride-glycidyl methacrylate terpolymer.

7. The output pole according to claim 5, characterized in that: The number average molecular weight of the polyphenylene sulfide resin is 50,000-70,000, and can be optionally 50,000-60,000.

8. The output pole according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the toughening agent to the polyphenylene sulfide resin is 5-30:100, and can be optionally 5-10:

100.

9. The output pole according to claim 8, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the sheet material to the polyphenylene sulfide resin is 10-60:100, and can be optionally 15-30:

100.

10. The output pole according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: Along the flow direction or perpendicular to the flow direction, the absolute value of the difference between the linear expansion coefficient of the material of the insulating layer and the linear expansion coefficient of the material of the substrate is less than or equal to 50×10 -6 m / m·℃; Optionally, the linear expansion coefficient of the material of the insulating layer along the flow direction is 25×10 -6 m·℃-93×10 -6 m·℃, optional 38×10 -6 m / m·℃-65×10 -6 m / m·℃; Optionally, the linear expansion coefficient of the material of the insulating layer along the direction perpendicular to the flow is 29×10 -6 m·℃-97×10 - 6 m·℃, optional 34×10 -6 m / m·℃-69×10 -6 m / m·℃.

11. The output pole according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The absolute value of the difference between the linear expansion coefficient of the material of the insulating layer along the flow direction and the linear expansion coefficient along the perpendicular flow direction is less than or equal to 10×10 -6 m / m·℃.

12. The output pole according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The material of the substrate includes a conductive metal or a conductive alloy; optionally, the material of the substrate includes one of copper, aluminum, a copper-containing alloy or an aluminum-containing alloy.

13. A method for preparing an output electrode, characterized in that: include: providing a substrate; forming an insulating layer on a portion of the surface of the substrate; Wherein, the material of the insulating layer includes modified polyphenylene sulfide resin and a reinforcing agent distributed in the modified polyphenylene sulfide resin; the reinforcing agent includes a sheet material.

14. The method for preparing the output electrode according to claim 13, characterized in that: Forming an insulating layer on a portion of the surface of the substrate comprises: Mixing polyphenylene sulfide resin, toughening agent and reinforcing agent to form a premix; The premix is ​​added into a twin-screw extruder for melt extrusion molding to obtain an insulating layer material, and the insulating layer material is used to form an insulating layer on a partial surface of the substrate; wherein the screw speed of the twin-screw extruder is 300rpm~500rpm.

15. A battery, characterized in that: It comprises the output pole as described in any one of claims 1 to 12 or the output pole made by the preparation method as described in claim 13 or 14.

16. An electrical equipment, characterized in that: Comprising the battery of claim 15.

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