A novel photovoltaic vacuum glass and a method for manufacturing the same

Abstract

This invention proposes a novel photovoltaic vacuum glass and its manufacturing method. The photovoltaic vacuum glass includes a first glass substrate, a second glass substrate, a support column, and a photovoltaic power generation module. The support column within the vacuum cavity forms a circuit path and provides insulation between the two components. Compared to traditional wiring methods, the optimized photovoltaic vacuum glass integrates the support column as part of the circuit design, extending the circuit design space and heat conduction space to the entire vacuum glass cavity. This helps simplify circuit connections, optimize component layout, and improve circuit design, making it suitable for multifunctional integrated photovoltaic vacuum glass products.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the combined field of glass deep processing and solar energy utilization, specifically relating to a novel photovoltaic vacuum glass and its manufacturing method. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic vacuum glass is a special glass material used in solar photovoltaic systems. It typically consists of a vacuum layer formed between two thin glass layers and a photovoltaic device covered by one of the thin glass layers. The photovoltaic power generation module absorbs solar energy and converts it into electrical energy. This process requires the use of electronic devices within the vacuum layer to collect and converge current from multiple locations. The converged current is then led out through electrodes via mutually insulated paths.

[0003] Existing photovoltaic vacuum glass typically places the photovoltaic film and circuitry on the same side of the glass plate. For example, a photovoltaic vacuum glass with publication number CN113871502A sets the photovoltaic film in a striped, rectangular, circular, or other shaped array connected in series and parallel on the same side of the glass plate. This arrangement has the following technical drawbacks: due to the small space within the vacuum layer and the limited area of ​​the glass plate, the volume of the current collection components and electrodes is restricted, making circuit design and insulation between circuits difficult, and it is hard to achieve effective electrical isolation within the vacuum glass space; due to some sunlight being blocked by the circuitry and heat accumulation, the photovoltaic vacuum glass suffers from reduced light conversion efficiency, poor system stability, and shortened service life. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the deficiencies described in the background section, the present invention provides a novel photovoltaic vacuum glass. The vacuum glass includes a first glass substrate and a second glass substrate arranged opposite each other. A vacuum cavity is formed between the first and second glass substrates, and a support column is placed within the cavity, with the periphery sealed. The vacuum glass also includes multiple photovoltaic power generation modules arranged in different areas of the vacuum cavity. Each photovoltaic power generation module includes a battery body and current collectors arranged on both sides of the battery body. The current collectors include a transparent conductive layer covering the upper side of the first glass substrate and connected to the positive electrode of the battery, and a metal layer covering the upper side of the battery body and connected to the negative electrode of the battery. A patterned conductive line adapted to the photovoltaic power generation module is arranged on the lower side of the second glass substrate. The support column includes an array of conductive support columns and insulating support columns. The conductive support column has conductive lines and current collectors connected to its two ends respectively to form a low-resistance connection between the first and second glass substrates and electrically connect to the photovoltaic power generation module to form a closed circuit. One end of the insulating support column is connected to the conductive lines or the first glass substrate, and the other end is connected to the photovoltaic power generation module or the second glass substrate.

[0005] In one embodiment, the photovoltaic power generation module is a perovskite, polycrystalline silicon, monocrystalline silicon, copper amorphous silicon, microcrystalline silicon, copper indium gallium selenide, cadmium telluride, cadmium sulfide, or copper zinc selenide sulfur solar cell or a composite solar cell unit formed by connecting multiple solar cells in series and parallel.

[0006] In one embodiment, a perovskite solar cell is provided with a transparent conductive layer, a perovskite absorber layer, an electron transport layer, a hole transport layer, and a metal layer from bottom to top.

[0007] In one embodiment, the transparent conductive layer is an ITO transparent conductive film, an FTO transparent conductive film, or an AZO transparent conductive film, and the metal layer is a silver layer.

[0008] In one embodiment, the conductive line includes a conductive path and a conductive pad disposed on the conductive path, and the end of the support column contacts the conductive path and is electrically connected to the conductive path through the conductive pad.

[0009] In one embodiment, the conductive path is made of conductive silver paste containing silver powder, and the linewidth of the conductive path is between 0.1 mm and 10.0 mm.

[0010] In one embodiment, the vacuum glass integrates an OLED and / or an electrochromic color-changing film, which is electrically connected to a photovoltaic power generation module.

[0011] In one embodiment, the photovoltaic vacuum glass is configured with a series circuit unit composed of multiple photovoltaic power generation modules. The conductive support column is divided into a local support column and a series support column. The two ends of the local support column are respectively connected to the conductive line and the metal layer of the photovoltaic power generation module disposed below the corresponding conductive line. One end of the series support column is connected to the previous conductive line, and the other end is connected to the transparent conductive layer of the photovoltaic power generation module disposed below the next conductive line. The conductive line connects two or more photovoltaic power generation modules in series through the conductive support column.

[0012] In one embodiment, the photovoltaic vacuum glass is configured with at least one continuous conductive line for connecting multiple series circuit units.

[0013] In one embodiment, the photovoltaic vacuum glass is further configured with a parallel circuit unit consisting of multiple photovoltaic power generation modules. The conductive support column is connected to the conductive line and the metal layer of the photovoltaic power generation module at both ends, and the conductive line connects two or more photovoltaic power generation modules in parallel through the conductive support column.

[0014] In one embodiment, the vacuum glass is configured with a switching switch for controlling the series, parallel, or disconnection of multiple photovoltaic power generation modules.

[0015] In one embodiment, the vacuum glass is equipped with a switching circuit, which is electrically connected or disconnected from the previous conductive circuit via a switching switch, and at least one conductive support post connects the switching circuit and the transparent conductive layer of the next photovoltaic power generation module.

[0016] In one embodiment, conductive support columns and insulating support columns are arranged in rows at preset intervals, and the width of the conductive lines does not exceed the preset interval.

[0017] In one embodiment, the preset interval between the conductive support column and the insulating support column is more than 50 mm.

[0018] In one embodiment, the conductive support column is made of aluminum zinc oxide material, and the insulating support column is made of glass material.

[0019] In one embodiment, the diameter of the support column is between 0.2 mm and 1.5 mm.

[0020] This invention also provides a novel method for manufacturing photovoltaic vacuum glass, comprising the following steps:

[0021] Vacuum glass pre-assembly: The first glass substrate and the second glass substrate are placed opposite each other and a vacuum cavity is formed between the two glass substrates;

[0022] Constructing the feedthrough circuit: The battery body and current collectors on both sides of the battery body are fixedly installed on the inner side of the first glass substrate. The current collectors include a transparent conductive layer covered on the upper side of the first glass substrate and connected to the positive electrode of the battery and a metal layer covered on the upper side of the battery body and connected to the negative electrode of the battery. Conductive lines adapted to the photovoltaic power generation module are drawn on the inner side of the second glass substrate using a screen printing conductive silver paste process.

[0023] Arrangement of support columns: Conductive support columns and insulating support columns are arranged in an array inside the vacuum glass cavity. The two ends of the conductive support columns are respectively connected to conductive lines and current collectors to form a low-resistance connection between the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate and electrically connect to the photovoltaic power generation module to form a closed circuit. One end of the insulating support column is connected to the conductive line or the first glass substrate, and the other end is connected to the current collector or the second glass substrate.

[0024] In one embodiment, conductive support columns are formed into an array by picking up and repositioning; insulating support columns are formed by dispensing adhesive, printing glass powder slurry, drying, and sintering.

[0025] To overcome the aforementioned technical problems, this invention proposes a novel photovoltaic vacuum glass and its manufacturing method. The photovoltaic vacuum glass includes a first glass substrate, a second glass substrate, a support column, and a photovoltaic power generation module. The conductive support column has conductive lines and current collectors connected to its two ends to form a low-resistance connection between the first and second glass substrates and electrically connect to the photovoltaic power generation module to form a closed circuit. An insulating support column has one end connected to the conductive lines or the first glass substrate and the other end connected to the current collector or the second glass substrate. The battery body and the conductive lines are arranged on opposite sides, with one end of the support column connected to the battery body and the other end connected to the conductive lines. The support column within the vacuum cavity forms a circuit path and provides insulation between the circuits or devices. Compared to traditional wiring methods, the optimized photovoltaic vacuum glass incorporates the support column as part of the circuit design, extending the circuit design space and heat conduction space to the entire vacuum glass cavity. This simplifies circuit connection methods, optimizes component layout and circuit design, and is suitable for multifunctional integrated photovoltaic vacuum glass products. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below.

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the series circuit of the novel photovoltaic glass provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0028] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a parallel circuit for a novel photovoltaic glass provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the series and parallel circuit of the novel photovoltaic glass provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0030] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the series-parallel switching circuit of the novel photovoltaic glass provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0031] Key component identification:

[0032] 1. First glass substrate; 2. Second glass substrate; 3. Photovoltaic power generation module; 4. Transparent conductive layer; 5. Metal layer; 6. Conductive circuit; 7. Support column; 71. Conductive support column; 711. Local support column; 712. Series support column; 72. Insulating support column; 8. Switch. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," and "axial," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0035] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," "fixed connection," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0036] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0037] Existing photovoltaic vacuum glass typically places the photovoltaic film and circuitry on the same side of the glass plate. This arrangement has the following technical drawbacks: First, due to the limited space within the vacuum layer and the limited area of ​​the glass plate, the volume of the current collection components and electrodes is restricted, making circuit design and insulation between circuits difficult, and making it hard to achieve effective electrical isolation within the vacuum glass space. Second, because some sunlight is blocked by the circuitry and heat accumulates, the photovoltaic vacuum glass suffers from reduced light conversion efficiency, poor system stability, and a short service life.

[0038] To overcome the aforementioned technical deficiencies, this application provides a novel photovoltaic vacuum glass, with reference to... Figures 1-4 This application discloses a novel photovoltaic vacuum glass comprising a first glass substrate and a second glass substrate arranged vertically opposite each other, forming a vacuum chamber between the first and second glass substrates. A support column is placed within the vacuum chamber, and the chamber is sealed at its periphery. The vacuum glass also includes multiple photovoltaic power generation modules disposed in different areas of the vacuum chamber. Each photovoltaic power generation module includes a battery body and current collectors disposed on both sides of the battery body. The current collectors include a transparent conductive layer covering the upper side of the first glass substrate and connected to the positive electrode of the battery, and a metal layer covering the upper side of the battery body and connected to the negative electrode of the battery. Conductive lines adapted to the photovoltaic power generation modules are disposed on the lower side of the second glass substrate. The support column includes an array of conductive support columns and insulating support columns. The conductive support columns are connected at both ends to the conductive lines and the current collector, respectively, to form a low-resistance connection between the first and second glass substrates and electrically connect the photovoltaic power generation modules. The photovoltaic power generation module forms a closed circuit. One end of the insulating support column is connected to the conductive line or the first glass substrate, and the other end is connected to the current collector or the second glass substrate. The battery body and the conductive line are arranged on opposite sides, and one end of the support column is connected to the photovoltaic power generation module, and the other end is connected to the conductive line. The support column in the vacuum cavity forms a circuit path and insulation between the circuit or device, thereby realizing the parallel and series connection of photovoltaic power generation modules in different areas and preventing crosstalk between different circuits. Compared with the traditional wiring method, the optimized photovoltaic vacuum glass incorporates the support column as part of the circuit design, which has multiple functions of circuit connection, support and heat dissipation. It extends the circuit design space and heat conduction space to the entire vacuum glass cavity, which is conducive to simplifying the circuit connection method, rationalizing the component layout and circuit design, and is suitable for multi-functional integrated photovoltaic vacuum glass products.

[0039] Optionally, the photovoltaic power generation module is a perovskite, polycrystalline silicon, monocrystalline silicon, copper amorphous silicon, microcrystalline silicon, copper indium gallium selenide, cadmium telluride, cadmium sulfide, or copper zinc selenide sulfur solar cell. In one embodiment of this application, the photovoltaic power generation module is a perovskite cell, which is provided with a transparent conductive layer, a perovskite absorber layer, an electron transport layer, a hole transport layer, and a metal layer from bottom to top. The transparent conductive layer is preferably an ITO transparent conductive film, an FTO transparent conductive film, or an AZO transparent conductive film prepared by magnetron sputtering; the metal layer is preferably a silver layer prepared by vacuum deposition; the perovskite absorber layer is preferably a CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite material prepared by solution processing; the electron transport layer is preferably a PEDOT:PSS prepared by solution processing; and the hole transport layer is preferably a PCBM prepared by solution processing. The perovskite solar cell formed in this way has high photoelectric conversion efficiency and fast response speed.

[0040] In one embodiment of this application, patterned conductive lines are fabricated on the inner side of the second glass substrate using a screen-printed conductive silver paste process. Precise circuit patterns can be drawn using CAD software. The conductive lines include conductive paths and conductive pads disposed on the conductive paths. The shape of the conductive pads matches the cross-sectional shape of the support pillars. The ends of the support pillars contact the conductive paths through the conductive pads, forming a stable, low-impedance electrical connection between the support pillars and the conductive paths. This improves current collection efficiency, and the conductive pads also partially offset mechanical vibrations and impacts, reducing friction and wear between the support pillars and the conductive lines, effectively preventing circuit disconnection and extending circuit lifespan. Optionally, the conductive lines are 10mm wide "U-shaped" traces without interruptions. By adding components to the lines or by controlling parameters such as the conductive line path design, silver paste composition, and length and width, the conductive lines can possess suitable electrical characteristics such as resistance, capacitance, or inductance, thereby adapting to different environmental conditions and maintaining stable photovoltaic performance.

[0041] In one embodiment of this application, the conductive path is made of conductive silver paste containing silver powder, coated on the inner side of the second glass substrate using a screen printing process. The linewidth of the conductive path is 10.00 mm, and the conductive silver paste has good conductivity and adhesion. In another embodiment of this application, the linewidth of the conductive path can be selected between 0.1 mm and 10.0 mm according to the electrical characteristics of the circuit, such as resistance, capacitance, and inductance, thereby ensuring that the circuit can maintain stable performance through reliability design under different environments such as temperature, humidity, vibration, and electromagnetic interference.

[0042] In one embodiment of this application, the vacuum glass integrates an OLED film and / or an electrochromic dimming film, which is electrically connected to a photovoltaic power generation module, thereby being used in conjunction with the photovoltaic power generation module to enhance the display and dimming performance of the photovoltaic vacuum glass; the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate are made of tempered glass with higher mechanical strength.

[0043] In one embodiment of this application, reference is made to Figure 1 The photovoltaic vacuum glass is configured with a series circuit unit, which includes multiple conductive lines, multiple photovoltaic power generation modules, and conductive support columns arranged between the conductive lines and photovoltaic power generation modules. The conductive support columns are divided into local support columns and series support columns. The two ends of the local support column are connected to the conductive line and the metal layer of the photovoltaic power generation module located below the corresponding conductive line, respectively. One end of the series support column is connected to the previous conductive line, and the other end is connected to the transparent conductive layer of the photovoltaic power generation module located below the next conductive line. The conductive lines connect two or more photovoltaic power generation modules in series through the conductive support columns. On the one hand, the local support columns and series support columns provide a stable mechanical and electrical connection, reliably connecting the photovoltaic power generation modules to the circuit, thereby improving the reliability of the entire system. On the other hand, connecting multiple photovoltaic power generation modules in series is beneficial to improving the overall voltage output of the photovoltaic vacuum glass. When a series circuit unit is configured with two photovoltaic power generation modules, a first conductive line and a second conductive line are respectively set above the corresponding photovoltaic power generation modules. The local support column array is distributed and its two ends are respectively connected to the first / second conductive line and the metal layer of the first / second photovoltaic power generation module set below the corresponding first / second conductive line. The series support column array is distributed and its one end is connected to the first conductive line and the other end is connected to the transparent conductive layer of the second photovoltaic power generation module. Thus, the two photovoltaic power generation modules are connected in series in the same circuit unit by using the local support column, the series support column, the first conductive line, and the second conductive line.

[0044] In one embodiment of this application, the photovoltaic vacuum glass is configured with at least one continuous conductive line to connect multiple series circuit units. Each series circuit unit is configured with a specific number of photovoltaic power generation modules. The series circuit units are interconnected through the conductive line to form an overall series circuit. The circuit design and optimization of the series circuit units can be performed regionally according to illumination conditions, regional temperature, regional stress, appearance requirements, maintenance conditions, etc., to adapt to different working conditions and improve the performance of photovoltaic cells in different environments, including but not limited to photoelectric conversion efficiency, system operation stability, and safety, and facilitate maintenance. Optionally, computer-aided design (CAD) software can be used to optimize the conductive line pattern to ensure uniform current distribution in the series path and reduce local overheating or damage caused by current concentration.

[0045] In one embodiment of this application, reference is made to Figure 2 The photovoltaic vacuum glass is also equipped with a parallel circuit unit consisting of multiple photovoltaic power generation modules. The conductive support column is connected to the conductive line and the metal layer of the photovoltaic power generation module at both ends. The conductive line connects two or more photovoltaic power generation modules in parallel through the conductive support column. The conductive support column can provide a stable mechanical and electrical connection, reliably connect the photovoltaic power generation module to the circuit, and help increase the total current output of the photovoltaic vacuum glass and reduce internal losses, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the system.

[0046] In one embodiment of this application, reference is made to Figure 3 One part of the conductive support columns is used to connect multiple photovoltaic power generation modules in series, and the other part is used to connect multiple photovoltaic power generation modules in parallel. This allows the photovoltaic vacuum glass to be equipped with multiple series circuit units to increase voltage and multiple parallel circuit units to enhance current. The layout of the support columns and conductive lines is used to match the voltage and current output of the photovoltaic vacuum glass.

[0047] In one embodiment of this application, the vacuum glass is equipped with a switching switch for controlling the series, parallel, or disconnection of multiple photovoltaic power generation modules. When a higher voltage output is required, it can switch to series mode; when a larger current output is required, it can switch to parallel mode. Specifically, refer to... Figure 4 The vacuum glass is equipped with a first conductive line, a second conductive line, a switch line, and a fourth conductive line. Two photovoltaic power generation modules form a parallel circuit through the first and second conductive lines and conductive support pillars. The switch line and the fourth conductive line are separately arranged, and the switch line is electrically connected or disconnected from the first / second conductive line through a switching switch. At least one conductive support pillar connects the transparent conductive layer of the photovoltaic power generation module below the switch line and the fourth conductive line, and at least one conductive support pillar connects the fourth conductive line and the metal layer of the photovoltaic power generation module below. Switches are provided at both ends of the corresponding switch circuit. When the switch is open, multiple photovoltaic power generation modules are connected in parallel; when the switch is closed, multiple photovoltaic power generation modules are connected in parallel and then in series. The above is only one embodiment of this application. The design of the switch line, the switch position and number, and other parameters can be flexibly determined according to the situation. By switching the series and parallel circuit connection mode of the photovoltaic light-emitting modules in the photovoltaic vacuum glass, the circuit and voltage output can be adjusted to a reasonable range.

[0048] In one embodiment of this application, reference is made to... Figures 1-4Conductive and insulating support columns are arranged in rows at preset intervals, with the width of the conductive lines not exceeding the preset interval. This ensures the support columns support the photovoltaic vacuum glass, prevents deformation or damage caused by wind pressure or snow load, optimizes the current / voltage / electric field / heat distribution within the photovoltaic vacuum glass, avoids localized overheating or damage, and controls the number of support columns in contact with the conductive lines by setting appropriate conductive line widths. This reduces the pressure load on the conductive lines, improves system stability, and extends the lifespan of the photovoltaic equipment. Optionally, the conductive and insulating support columns are arranged in a grid pattern, evenly distributed within the vacuum glass cavity, with a preset interval of at least 50mm to reduce electromagnetic interference and ensure the normal operation of the photovoltaic system. In other embodiments, the number and specific locations of the conductive and insulating support columns are set according to the actual needs of the circuit / device.

[0049] In one embodiment of this application, the conductive support column is made of high-conductivity, low-resistance aluminum-zinc oxide material to improve current transmission efficiency and reduce energy loss. The insulating support column is made of insulating glass material. Because glass material possesses good chemical stability, mechanical strength, temperature adaptability, and light transmittance, it can stably support the vacuum glass structure and form effective circuit isolation under various climatic conditions. In one embodiment of this application, the diameter of the support column is 0.5 mm; optionally, the diameter of the support column is between 0.2 mm and 1.5 mm, serving both as support and circuit conduction / isolation.

[0050] This application also provides a novel method for manufacturing photovoltaic vacuum glass, comprising the following steps:

[0051] Vacuum glass pre-assembly: The first glass substrate and the second glass substrate are placed opposite each other and a vacuum cavity is formed between the two glass substrates;

[0052] Constructing the feedthrough circuit: The battery body and current collectors on both sides of the battery body are fixedly installed on the inner side of the first glass substrate. The current collectors include a transparent conductive layer covered on the upper side of the first glass substrate and connected to the positive electrode of the battery and a metal layer covered on the upper side of the battery body and connected to the negative electrode of the battery. Conductive lines adapted to the photovoltaic power generation module are drawn on the inner side of the second glass substrate using a screen printing conductive silver paste process.

[0053] The support columns include an array of conductive support columns and insulating support columns. The conductive support columns are connected to conductive lines and current collectors at both ends to form a low-resistance connection between the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate and to electrically connect the photovoltaic power generation module to form a closed circuit. The insulating support columns are connected to the conductive lines or the first glass substrate at one end and to the current collector or the second glass substrate at the other end.

[0054] The support columns inside the vacuum chamber form circuit paths and insulation between photovoltaic power generation modules and conductive lines, thereby enabling parallel and series connection of photovoltaic power generation modules in different areas and preventing crosstalk between different circuits. Compared with traditional wiring methods, the optimized photovoltaic vacuum glass manufacturing method can integrate the support columns as part of the circuit design, extending the circuit design space and heat conduction space to the entire vacuum glass chamber. This is beneficial for simplifying circuit connection methods, rationalizing component layout and circuit design, and is suitable for multi-functional integrated photovoltaic vacuum glass products.

[0055] In one embodiment of this application, conductive support pillars are formed into an array by picking up and placing; insulating support pillars are formed by dispensing adhesive, printing glass powder slurry, drying, and sintering, thereby precisely controlling the placement position of the conductive support pillars to adapt to the patterned conductive path, in order to match the requirements of series and parallel circuit layout. At the same time, by adjusting the placement density, size, and other parameters of the insulating support pillars, the mechanical strength requirements of photovoltaic vacuum glass in different application environments are matched, and the stability of the insulation isolation between the original circuit path and circuits or devices in the vacuum cavity is maintained.

[0056] In one embodiment of this application, a precise circuit pattern can be drawn using CAD drawing software, and then a patterned conductive circuit can be fabricated on the inner side of the second glass substrate using a screen printing conductive silver paste process.

[0057] In one embodiment of this application, before laying the conductive lines, the conductive lines can be equipped with suitable electrical characteristics such as resistance, capacitance, or inductance by adding devices to the lines or by controlling parameters such as the conductive line path design, silver paste composition, and length and width, thereby adapting to different environmental conditions and maintaining stable photovoltaic performance.

[0058] The present invention provides a novel photovoltaic vacuum glass and its manufacturing method. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas and methods of the present invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel photovoltaic vacuum glass, comprising a first glass substrate and a second glass substrate arranged vertically opposite each other, wherein a vacuum cavity is formed between the first and second glass substrates, a support column is placed inside the cavity, and the periphery is sealed, characterized in that... The vacuum glass also includes multiple photovoltaic power generation modules arranged in different areas of the vacuum chamber. Each photovoltaic power generation module includes a battery body and current collectors arranged on both sides of the battery body. The current collectors include a transparent conductive layer covering the upper side of the first glass substrate and connected to the positive electrode of the battery, and a metal layer covering the upper side of the battery body and connected to the negative electrode of the battery. Patterned conductive lines adapted to the photovoltaic power generation modules are arranged on the lower side of the second glass substrate. The support pillars include conductive support pillars and insulating support pillars arranged in an array. The two ends of the conductive support pillars are respectively connected to the conductive lines and the current collectors to form a low-resistance connection between the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate and electrically connect to the photovoltaic power generation modules to form a closed circuit. One end of the insulating support pillar is connected to the conductive lines or the first glass substrate, and the other end is connected to the photovoltaic power generation modules or the second glass substrate. The photovoltaic vacuum glass is configured with a series circuit unit composed of multiple photovoltaic power generation modules. The conductive support pillars are divided into local support pillars and series support pillars. The local support pillars are connected at both ends to the conductive lines and the metal layer of the photovoltaic power generation module located below the corresponding conductive lines. One end of the series support pillar is connected to the preceding conductive line, and the other end is connected to the transparent conductive layer of the photovoltaic power generation module located below the following conductive line. The conductive lines connect two or more photovoltaic power generation modules in series through the conductive support pillars; or / and... The photovoltaic vacuum glass is also equipped with a parallel circuit unit composed of multiple photovoltaic power generation modules. The conductive support column is connected to the conductive line and the metal layer of the photovoltaic power generation module at both ends, and the conductive line connects two or more photovoltaic power generation modules in parallel through the conductive support column.

2. The novel photovoltaic vacuum glass as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic power generation module is a perovskite, polycrystalline silicon, monocrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, microcrystalline silicon, copper indium gallium selenide, cadmium telluride, cadmium sulfide, or copper zinc selenide sulfur solar cell or a composite solar cell unit formed by connecting multiple solar cells in series and parallel.

3. The novel photovoltaic vacuum glass as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The perovskite solar cell is provided with, from bottom to top, a transparent conductive layer, a perovskite absorption layer, an electron transport layer, a hole transport layer, and a metal layer.

4. The novel photovoltaic vacuum glass as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The transparent conductive layer is an ITO transparent conductive film, an FTO transparent conductive film, or an AZO transparent conductive film, and the metal layer is a silver layer.

5. The novel photovoltaic vacuum glass as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The conductive circuit includes a conductive path and a conductive pad disposed on the conductive path. The end of the support column contacts the conductive path through the conductive pad and is electrically connected to the conductive path.

6. The novel photovoltaic vacuum glass as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The conductive path is made of conductive silver paste containing silver powder, and the line width of the conductive path is between 0.1mm and 10.0mm.

7. The novel photovoltaic vacuum glass as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic vacuum glass integrates an OLED and / or an electrochromic color-changing film, and the OLED and / or the electrochromic color-changing film is electrically connected to the photovoltaic power generation module.

8. The novel photovoltaic vacuum glass as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic vacuum glass is provided with at least one continuous conductive line for connecting multiple series circuit units.

9. The novel photovoltaic vacuum glass as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The vacuum glass is equipped with a switching switch for controlling the series, parallel, or disconnection of multiple photovoltaic power generation modules.

10. The novel photovoltaic vacuum glass as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The vacuum glass is equipped with a switching circuit, which is electrically connected or disconnected from the preceding conductive circuit via the switching switch. At least one conductive support column connects the switching circuit and the transparent conductive layer of the following photovoltaic power generation module.

11. The novel photovoltaic vacuum glass as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The conductive support columns and the insulating support columns are arranged in rows at preset intervals, and the width of the conductive lines does not exceed the preset intervals.

12. The novel photovoltaic vacuum glass as described in claim 11, characterized in that, The preset interval between the conductive support column and the insulating support column is more than 50mm.

13. The novel photovoltaic vacuum glass as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The conductive support column is made of aluminum-zinc oxide material, and the insulating support column is made of glass material.

14. The novel photovoltaic vacuum glass as described in claim 13, characterized in that, The diameter of the support column is between 0.2mm and 1.5mm.

15. A method for manufacturing a novel photovoltaic vacuum glass as described in any one of claims 1-14, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Vacuum glass pre-assembly: The first glass substrate and the second glass substrate are placed opposite each other and a vacuum cavity is formed between the two glass substrates; Constructing a feedthrough circuit: The battery body and current collectors on both sides of the battery body are fixedly installed on the inner side of the first glass substrate. The current collectors include a transparent conductive layer covered on the upper side of the first glass substrate and connected to the positive electrode of the battery and a metal layer covered on the upper side of the battery body and connected to the negative electrode of the battery. Conductive lines adapted to the photovoltaic power generation module are drawn on the inner side of the second glass substrate using a screen printing conductive silver paste process. Arrangement of support columns: Conductive support columns and insulating support columns are arranged in an array inside the vacuum glass cavity. The two ends of the conductive support column are respectively connected to the conductive line and the current collector to form a low-resistance connection between the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate and electrically connect the photovoltaic power generation module to form a closed circuit. One end of the insulating support column is connected to the conductive line or the first glass substrate, and the other end is connected to the current collector or the second glass substrate.

16. The method for manufacturing the novel photovoltaic vacuum glass as described in claim 15, characterized in that, The conductive support columns are formed into an array by picking up and placing; the insulating support columns are formed by dispensing adhesive, printing glass powder slurry, drying and sintering.

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