Coherent internet network binding system

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a system for coherent internet network binding, the system comprising at least one source of data packets, at least one destination for data packets, and the data packets are simultaneously routed from the at least one source to the at least one destination via one or more channels / paths, conditions of channels / paths are monitored and used as a function of their latency, speed, and / or quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a system for coherent Internet network binding. Background Art

[0002] Wireless gigabit speeds for backhaul networks are only achievable when the wireless channel bandwidth of the physical wireless communication device during transmission exceeds 100 megahertz (MHz). Unlicensed and licensed backhaul spectrum below 10 gigahertz (GHz) is specified to have a wireless channel bandwidth of no more than 50 MHz and varies from 30 MHz to 50 MHz by country for long-haul land and sea at ranges of 100 kilometers (km) or more. Gigabit speed wireless backhaul is often a challenging feat when the specified bandwidth is small.

[0003] The way to overcome the smaller wireless channel bandwidth stipulated of less than 50MHz is to combine multiple physical communication channels on a single host device using a combined channel virtualization method to a total of more than 100MHz channel bandwidth using virtual domains. It splits, analyzes and coherently reroutes multiple packets to multiple wireless or network channels and Internet paths between the Internet source and destination endpoints of the user using a host device that implements coherent Internet network bonding. However, network bonding control between the source endpoint to the Internet destination endpoint on the user side is required to ensure zero packet loss during the entire packet transmission process.

[0004] When packets from users move through multiple channels or paths, each with unique latency, performance, and interference, there is a high chance of packet loss and delay in reaching the destination endpoint. Because of this, Internet packets typically arrive at the destination endpoint in an ordered sequence using a single network channel or path to guarantee zero packet loss throughout the packet transmission process.

[0005] All traditional network bonding methods are usually limited to a controlled intranet domain, using two identical devices between the two endpoints to perform some encapsulation and decapsulation methods to track the split packets to increase throughput. Once entering the Internet domain, network bonding stops.

[0006] It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a system that overcomes the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the invention

[0007] In one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a routing device for coherent Internet network binding, the routing device comprising:

[0008] Routing means for simultaneously routing data packets from at least one source to at least one destination via two or more electronic communication channels and / or paths;

[0009] It is characterized in that the routing device comprises a monitoring device, which is used to monitor the status of channels and / or paths and use these channels and / or paths according to the delay, speed and / or quality of the channels and / or paths.

[0010] Therefore, according to the present invention, during the network binding between the Internet source and the destination endpoint, the routing device controls the selection of multiple Internet channels or paths. Advantageously, it is also not necessary to place a routing device at the Internet destination endpoint, because this only requires using its standard Internet network hardware implementation in an agnostic manner on the user side to achieve increased throughput and lower latency. Further advantageously, this solves the problem of increasing throughput over existing network communication technology and infrastructure, especially for long-distance land and sea communications to achieve gigabit speed connections. However, it should be understood that if necessary, routing devices can be placed at the source endpoint and at the destination endpoint.

[0011] In one embodiment, the routing device is a binding router. Alternatively, the routing device can be a host device or a module.

[0012] In one embodiment, the routing device is capable of routing data packets from at least one source to at least one destination via one or more electronic communication channels and / or paths. Thus, while the routing device can use multiple channels and paths, the routing device can also operate more conventionally, using a single channel or path, and / or routing data packets from a single source to a single destination.

[0013] In one embodiment, an asynchronous bundling method is enabled for both the downlink direction and the uplink direction.

[0014] In one embodiment, if the monitoring device determines that a channel or path is in good condition, the channel or path is used, and if the monitoring device determines that the channel or path is in poor condition, the channel or path is not used. Typically, the user can set thresholds for latency, speed, and / or quality to allow the monitoring device to determine whether a channel or path is in good or poor condition, and / or the user can dynamically adjust its selection.

[0015] Thus, when one or more channels / paths become slow or unavailable, the monitoring means marks the one or more channels / paths as poor, and the routing means reroutes the packets to good channels / paths to ensure continuous and uninterrupted binding while the application is still running, thereby avoiding the need to stop, pause and resume the same binding. Similarly, when the functionality of such a channel / path is restored, the packets can be rerouted to that channel / path.

[0016] In one embodiment, the monitoring device automatically detects active network channels or paths and uses the available network channels or paths simultaneously without waiting for a network channel or path to reach the maximum capacity of the network channel or path before using another randomly selected network channel or path that has not reached the capacity. This further distinguishes the present invention from traditional aggregation bonding systems.

[0017] In one embodiment, the routing device selects the best network configuration to split the data packets and routes the data packets with zero packet loss over multiple Internet channels and paths using data packet header information from at least one source and / or destination. The initial channel / path selection can be determined by a channel classifier using a fast mathematical algorithm based on source endpoint or / and destination endpoint data packet header information.

[0018] In one embodiment, the monitoring device calculates the routing cost based on the delay, speed and / or quality associated with each channel / path to determine the best route for the data packet. Typically, the routing cost of each channel / path is unique or otherwise processed.

[0019] In one embodiment, the monitoring device randomly selects additional channels / paths to determine whether these additional channels / paths have lower routing costs than those channels / paths currently selected for routing.

[0020] In one embodiment, the channel / path is typically bound between the source and the destination using a wired medium and / or a wireless medium for electronic communication with an intranet domain and / or an Internet domain.

[0021] In one embodiment, each routing device has at least one physical routing interface, and when there are more available channels than the number of physical routing interfaces, a cascade connection with other routing devices can be formed to increase the number of bound channels. Thus, advantageously, the asynchronous binding method allows maximizing the binding speed.

[0022] In one embodiment, the channel / path comprises a virtual tunnel via a virtual private network domain. Coherent Internet binding can be performed for a Virtual Private Network (VPN) server that extends beyond the Internet domain until the VPN server, where the routing algorithm accordingly distinguishes between the public Internet and the VPN destination endpoint after the VPN information is accessible. Coherent Internet binding can be performed for both public Internet access and VPN access without disabling either. The VPN server can also be used as a medium to complete an end-to-end virtual tunnel connection from one endpoint to another.

[0023] In one embodiment, a coherent Internet network bonding algorithm is executed on a single routing device, typically in a serial manner, to determine the status of a network channel or path from its source endpoint to an Internet destination endpoint.

[0024] For a single Internet routing hop, when it is subject to channel / path interference over a very long channel / path range of more than 100km, the bonded channel / path maintains low latency, high reliability, and high-speed performance because it can use the interference mitigation capabilities of the equipment providing the channel / path.

[0025] In one embodiment, the routing device includes a storage device for storing Internet network configurations. Typically, the routing device diagnoses the state and status of the Internet network configuration to ensure that all unnecessary network configurations that affect the performance of the coherent binding are removed before performing the binding. Removal is important because the coherent binding processing domain of the routing device starts at the physical interface used for binding. Binding requires unique and different channel or path configurations from the user's physical interface to the multi-channel or multi-path physical interface. Correct network configuration is required to ensure successful coherent binding collection, marking, tracking, classification and orderly routing of data packets. This process requires intensive computing resources. For example, if the maximum theoretical routing speed of the hardware is 10Gb / s for normal routing operations, the maximum routing speed of the coherent binding may be one-quarter of that speed, i.e., 2.5Gb / s. This is due to the sequential processing delay caused by the operation of collecting, marking, tracking, classifying and rerouting data packets from the physical interface of the continuous entry and exit of the device. However, in practice, the data transmission speed is unlikely to reach the theoretical routing speed, so the impact of this processing is small, and the speed increased by binding far exceeds the impact of this processing.

[0026] In one embodiment, the routing device provides intelligent decision making based on the classification of data packets on the optimal network configuration to split the data packets, randomly select channels or paths based on the latency, speed and quality of the channels, and orderly reroute the data packets on the randomly selected multiple Internet channels and paths. Because of this, the split data packets from multiple channels or paths can arrive at the destination endpoint in a timely, sequential and zero-packet-loss manner.

[0027] In one embodiment, when rerouting to a channel / path that must have unique source endpoint gateway address information for each channel / path, or when using network address translation for the first forward routing point, the original header information of the data packet is maintained, i.e., not changed by the routing device.

[0028] In one embodiment, the routing device determines the best channel or path by channel or path quality to minimize latency at multiple network hops along the Internet transmission path. Coherent bonding uses a rerouting mechanism to achieve distributed packet splitting, so the routing cost amount is used to reflect the quality of the channel or path. Before rerouting to the channel or path, each data packet is marked to distinguish whether the data packet is an incoming data packet or an outgoing data packet. All marked outgoing data packets are processed in the channel or path classifier of the routing device to be assigned accordingly to a pre-selected specific physical interface attached to the routing device associated with the channel or path. Rerouting a data packet from one channel or path to another channel or path is based on the routing cost assigned to the next channel or path with the next minimum routing cost when the current channel or path is determined to have a higher latency than the previous routing operation. The channel or path selection is also determined by the endpoint information in the data packet header that is uniquely distinguished in the channel or path classifier processing. In the channel or path classifier, data packet header information with the same configuration will always have the same initial channel or path selection. Coherent rerouting to other channels or paths is randomly selected based on a weighted routing cost that is unique for each next channel or path from the initial pre-classified channel or path, etc. The rerouting function receives the resulting Internet response from the destination endpoint using the standard Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) of the Internet Protocol (IP) method. The next channel or path selection by the channel or path classifier depends on the response processed. If the response of the initially selected channel or path is not good, the channel or path classifier can select another path or channel, and so on.

[0029] In one embodiment, the latency and performance of previous channels or paths from a source endpoint to a destination endpoint performed by a routing device are used to dynamically adjust the weights of the routing cost for the next channel or path, etc. The weights are obtained using a machine learning algorithm that analyzes historical network performance based on factors such as dedicated or shared conditions, fiber, RF or Ethernet copper mode, and wired or wireless medium.

[0030] In one embodiment, if the condition of a channel or path is not good or deteriorating, the channel or path is monitored more frequently. Thus, if the latency or error frequency is high, or the speed is low, the system may check the condition more frequently. However, if the condition is good, the system may only check the condition less frequently, which helps reduce the rerouting overhead factor. The overhead factor depends on the performance of packet collection, marking, classification, rerouting, destination endpoint latency response, merging and packet splitting and merging, coherent rerouting processing, and routing cost readjustment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] It will be convenient to further describe the invention in accordance with the accompanying drawings which illustrate possible arrangements of the invention. Other arrangements of the invention are possible, and therefore, the particularity of the accompanying drawings should not be understood as superseding the generality of the preceding description of the invention.

[0032] Figure 1 is a block diagram of a router device having a router and a physical interface algorithm to ensure zero interference with a coherent internet channel bonding algorithm.

[0033] Figure 2a is a schematic diagram of packet transmission according to a conventional system, and Figure 2b is a schematic diagram of data packet transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 3a is a diagram showing a user's Internet experience according to a conventional system, and Figure 3b FIG. 1 shows the Internet experience of a user according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a coherent Internet channel bonding algorithm that routes packets based on path / channel conditions.

[0036] Figure 5 It is a network schematic diagram of a single router device using coherent Internet binding according to the present invention.

[0037] Figure 6 is a network diagram of a traditional Internet binding using a client-binding server control pair; the binding A domain is outside the Internet.

[0038] Figure 7 This is a network diagram of the asynchronous binding with time independence characteristics of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the asynchronous binding extends from the routing device to outside the Internet domain in the forwarding direction shown by the binding A domain, the binding B domain, the binding C domain and the binding D domain.

[0039] Figure 8 is a network diagram of a traditional synchronous binding subnet, in which the binding capability is limited to each binding subnet in the intranet domain.

[0040] Figure 9a is a schematic diagram showing the time when the routing speed is reduced to one quarter of the normal routing speed, Figure 9b is a schematic diagram showing times reflecting normal routing speeds.

[0041] Fig.10a is a diagram showing overhead factors between 0.90 and 0.95 for wireless and wired channels, where the 0.95 overhead factor is reflected in the collection, marking and classification of packets using the Ethernet header (physical interface), IP header (routing information) and TCP header (routing response), Fig.10b is a diagram showing the minimum 3.6% overhead of header processing from the total packet size consisting of Ethernet, IP and TCP headers.

[0042] Fig.11 It is reliability and fault calculation between serial and parallel systems, where the present invention uses parallel multiple channels / paths to increase speed, achieve low latency and increase reliability. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] Figure 11 is a block diagram of a router device according to the present invention, the router device comprising: a monitoring device for monitoring physical interfaces (user interfaces and Internet gateway interfaces), bound traffic, and a router configuration stored in a storage device; and a routing device for binding Internet channels and routing data packets from a user device to the Internet simultaneously via these channels and / or paths according to the delay, speed, and / or quality of two or more electronic communication channels and / or paths, which are shown as channel 1, channel 2, channel 3, and channel N connected to the Internet. Interface functions of the channel binding process in the router device are shown, which include user interface, monitoring router configuration, monitoring physical interface, monitoring bound traffic, and Internet gateway interface. The user interface is a physical interface connected to the user device. Monitoring router configuration provides continuous monitoring of the configuration of the router device to find any configuration differences that may disable and affect the binding. Monitoring physical interface provides continuous monitoring of the status and connection status of the physical interface to the user device and Internet gateway channel. Monitoring bound traffic provides continuous monitoring of the service status and status of the network channel within the router device and the network channel between the router device and the Internet connection.

[0044] refer to Figure 2a , a typical channel bonding system is indicated with respect to time (t1, t2, t3), wherein the main channel C1 is fully utilized before the other channels C2 and C3 are used.

[0045] In contrast to this aggregated system, Figure 2b As shown, the present invention allows all channels C1, C2 and C3 to be used simultaneously before any of them reaches full capacity.

[0046] exist Figure 3a and Figure 3b A comparison between a conventional long range wireless system with backup and a long range wireless system used with the present invention is shown in . It can be seen that as a result of using coherent channel bonding, the user experiences close to the combined three channel throughput (300 Mbps) without the overhead factor compared to a normal three channel wireless system with only backup (100 megabits per second (Mbps)).

[0047] A typical 100km long range wireless system is limited by the data rate (300Mbps) over a specified transmission bandwidth (30MHz), with high latency (>10 milliseconds (ms)) and low reliability (<95%). The high latency in the wireless channel is caused by the retransmission of data packets. Packet loss from previous transmissions is affected by wireless channel interference. However, in tests, the present invention with the same settings has achieved gigabit data rates using only 4 channels, low latency (<5ms) and channel reliability of (95%) with high reliability (greater than 99.999%) for a 4-channel parallel system. When multiple channels are used simultaneously, low latency can be achieved, thereby minimizing and reducing packet loss. Any long range wireless transmission may be strongly affected by high wireless channel interference, but when multiple channels are used for transmission in a parallel system, not all channels will have the same severity of wireless channel interference at the same time.

[0048] refer to Figure 4 , which is achieved by monitoring each of the active and available channels and / or paths and using them based on their latency, speed, and quality. The router device may be connected to a (wired and / or wireless) user interface and may include an algorithm for determining available (wired and / or wireless) channels for continuously rerouting data packets to a destination.

[0049] The algorithm monitors the condition of the channel / path based on latency, speed, and quality. If the condition of a path or channel is good (i.e., lower latency, higher speed, lower bit error rate), then the path or channel can be used. If the condition of the path or channel is poor, then the path or channel is not used. If the condition of a good path or channel deteriorates, the frequency of monitoring of the path or channel is increased, perhaps from checking once every 1000 packets or once every 100 packets to checking once every 10 packets; and if the condition continues to deteriorate, the packets are continuously rerouted to different paths / channels to avoid packet loss.

[0050] The coherent binding overhead in the present invention is quite low, typically 5% to 10%, which is better than the aggregation overhead, which is typically about 20% to 30% when most aggregation bindings use synchronization and encapsulation / decapsulation binding mechanisms.

[0051] Coherent bonding of wired channels has an overhead factor (ie, available capacity) of over 95%, while for wireless channels it has an overhead of over 90%.

[0052] The expected average coherent binding velocity can be calculated as follows:

[0053] Channel convergence (A 信道, B 信道 , C 信道 ) = Overhead factor × (A 速度 +B 速度 +C 速度 )

[0054] For example: (wireless-100Mbps, wireless-100Mbps, wireless-100Mbps)=0.90×(300Mbps)=270Mbps.

[0055] Therefore, when data packets are configured and rerouted to use multiple (wired and / or wireless) Internet channels and paths between the accessed Internet source and the destination endpoint, it is possible to use any available communication network technology and infrastructure to increase Internet speed and reduce latency. When uploading data to the Internet destination endpoint, the data packets uploaded from the user are intelligently split, analyzed, classified, and rerouted to multiple network channels. When downloading from the Internet destination endpoint, data packets can also be downloaded for the user. Data packets downloaded from multiple network channels are analyzed, classified, merged, and routed to the user's network application.

[0056] The present invention performs a coherent Internet network bonding algorithm from a single routing device. The present invention uses the coherence of network bonding to provide a unique function that can actively use available network channels simultaneously without waiting for one network channel to reach its maximum capacity before using another network channel that has not reached its maximum capacity. The present invention analyzes the status of network channels and paths all the way to the Internet destination endpoint. The present invention also provides intelligent decisions on the optimal network configuration to split data packets and appropriately reroute data packets across multiple Internet channels and paths. Each channel is assigned a routing cost, such as an effective quality value that represents the channel / path that is dynamically adjusted based on the previous delay performance to the destination endpoint. Lower routing cost values ​​indicate higher channel / path quality.

[0057] The system selects which network channels or Internet paths to appropriately upload and download data from an Internet destination endpoint with a zero transmission packet loss goal. The system also uses the prior transmission latency performance from multiple paths to the destination endpoint to achieve low latency between multiple network hops along the Internet transmission path.

[0058] In contrast, traditional network bonding performs bonding synchronization that requires the same bonding equipment to be installed at both the Internet source endpoint and the destination endpoint. Traditional network bonding works for private endpoints managed by bonding servers residing in the Internet cloud. Without the same equipment, channel bonding cannot be achieved for public destination endpoints. Therefore, traditional network bonding often limits network bonding performance within an intranet domain or a virtual private network domain.

[0059] Modern applications often require connectivity to the Internet cloud, and therefore, network bonding performance must extend beyond the internal network domain and virtual private network domain. The present invention uses a consistent and asynchronous bonding method that is ideal for low network latency of remote multi-hop and multi-path network points. Asynchronism allows the present invention to independently provide channel bonding from any network endpoint, between routing points and hops. The present invention does not modify user data packets. The present invention indirectly modifies the user data packet path by rerouting the single routing path of the data packet to multiple routing paths. In summary, the present invention provides a high-performance data packet transmission platform that does not modify the content of the data packet and the data packet header. The present invention only provides multiple transmission modes to reach the destination with data packet distribution. The present invention analyzes all data packets and reroutes all data packets to the Internet path with the lowest network latency to always achieve high throughput from a single routing device. The present invention continuously tests and checks whether multiple Internet paths will safely send the split data packets in a complete data packet arrangement to reach the destination of the data packet by minimizing the data packets from different paths that are lost or delayed due to the remote data packet transmission journey between the source endpoint to the intermediate Internet routing hop and the final destination endpoint. Resending lost or late-arriving packets to the Internet destination endpoint reduces throughput and increases latency. Due to this problem, most traditional network bonding solutions use bonding synchronization methods to limit their bonding boundaries to an intranet domain or a VPN domain.

[0060] refer to Figure 5 ,The multi-channel Internet bonding boundary starts from a single routing device and extends to the Internet domain whenever two or more network paths to the destination endpoint exist.,Channel bonding stops at the network point when only a single network path to the destination endpoint exists without any attached similar routing devices.

[0061] In contrast, Figure 6 In traditional converged Internet bonding, two identical end-to-end bonding devices between the source and destination endpoints are managed by a bonding server. The bonding server controls and establishes the physical channel bonding between the source and destination endpoints and the network paths through these endpoints. Multi-channel Internet bonding is only available when both the source and destination endpoints use the same bonding device.

[0062] refer to Figure 7, the asynchronous binding domain provides time independence between each network hop from the source endpoint to the destination endpoint. Binding domain A covers network points in the direction of routing device A, routing device B, routing device C, and routing device D. Binding domain B covers network points in the direction of routing device B, routing device C, and routing device D. Binding domain C covers network points in the direction of routing device C and routing device D. Binding domain D covers network points in the direction of routing device D, routing device C, routing device B, and routing device A. When data packet A is transmitted from network point A to network point D, binding domain A is independent of binding device B, binding device C, and binding device D. When data packet B is transmitted from network point B to network point D, binding domain B is independent of binding device C and binding device D. Through time-independent binding, when both data packets need to use binding to reach network point D, data packet B has no interference and impact on data packet A. When using multiple paths, this asynchronous method prevents synchronous network control at each network point without reducing the performance of data packet transmission along the network path all the way to the destination endpoint.

[0063] In contrast, Figure 8 In the conventional system shown, synchronous binding has a time dependency between the master binding device and the slave binding device within the network subnet. When both packet A and packet B are transmitted to network point C, the transmission of packet B may prevent packet A from passing through network subnet B until packet B has been successfully transmitted to network point C, thereby introducing network latency that reduces the average packet transmission speed from point A to point C. Therefore, the synchronous method increases the latency of each cascaded network binding added along the network path.

[0064] exist Figure 9a In the figure, the time series t1, t2, t3, and t4 represent the response time required to complete the bonding process with respect to the packet transmission speed without bonding. With bonding, the packet transmission speed will be slowed down by 4 times due to the hardware capabilities of the routing device. For example, if Figure 9b The performance of the routing device without bonding shown in the figure has a performance of 10000Mbps. When bonding is used, the routing device can generate Figure 9a The bonding speed of 2500 Mbps is shown in Figure 1. The collection, marking, classification, and rerouting of packets introduces time delay during the bonding process.

[0065] refer to Fig.10a , the overhead bonding factor is affected by the channel medium. Wireless channels are severely affected by interference compared to wired channels. Therefore, wireless channel bonding has a higher overhead factor, which reduces the total bonding output. Fig.10bIn the IEEE 802.11ac test, for wired channel bonding, the overhead factor is between 3.6% and 5% because the processing time required for packet header information accounts for 3.6% of the total maximum packet size. The 3.6% time loss is for in-order acquisition, marking, classification, and rerouting processing. The additional 1.4% is caused by the packet time interval when large packets are split into smaller multiple packets.

[0066] refer to Fig.11 , bonding of four parallel channels can achieve 99.999% reliability from a single 99.5% channel reliability, providing mathematical evidence for how parallel channel bonding improves network performance in terms of speed and reliability.

[0067] refer to Fig.12 ,If the physical channels on which the host / router devices operate are limited, the asynchronous ,approach allows the solution to be cascaded to multiple host / router devices to increase the ,number of bonded channels.

[0068] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention may also include further additional modifications to the system that do not affect the overall functionality of the system.

Claims

1. A routing device for binding a coherent Internet network, the routing device comprising: Routing means for simultaneously routing a plurality of data packets from at least one source to at least one destination via two or more electronic communication channels and / or paths; It is characterized in that: the routing device includes a monitoring device, which is used to monitor the status of the channel and / or path, and use the channel and / or path according to the delay, speed and / or quality of the channel and / or path.

2. The routing device according to claim 1, wherein: An asynchronous bundling method is enabled for both the downlink and uplink directions.

3. The routing device according to claim 1, wherein: If the monitoring device determines that the condition of a channel or path is good, the channel or path is used; and if the monitoring device determines that the condition of the channel or path is not good, the channel or path is not used.

4. The routing device according to claim 3, wherein: The user can set thresholds for latency, speed and / or quality to allow the monitoring device to determine whether the condition of a channel or path is good or poor, and / or the user can dynamically adjust the user's selections.

5. The routing device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein: If the condition of the channel / path is poor or deteriorating, the channel / path is monitored more frequently.

6. The routing device according to claim 1, wherein: The monitoring device automatically detects active network channels and / or paths and uses available network channels and / or paths simultaneously without waiting for a network channel or path to reach the maximum capacity of the network channel or path before using another randomly selected network channel or path that has not reached the capacity.

7. The routing device according to claim 1, wherein: The routing device selects an optimal network configuration to split the data packets and routes the data packets with zero packet loss over multiple Internet channels and / or paths using data packet header information from at least one source and / or destination.

8. The routing device according to claim 1, wherein: The monitoring device calculates routing costs based on the delay, speed and / or quality associated with each channel / path to determine the best route for the data packet.

9. The routing device according to claim 8, wherein: The monitoring device randomly selects an additional channel / path to determine whether the additional channel / path has a lower routing cost than the channel / path currently selected for routing.

10. The routing device according to claim 1, wherein: The channel / path is bound between a source and a destination.

11. The routing device according to claim 10, wherein: Each routing device has at least one physical routing interface, and when there are more available channels than the number of physical routing interfaces, a cascade connection with other routing devices may be formed to increase the number of bound channels.

12. The routing device according to claim 1, wherein: The channel / path includes a virtual tunnel via a virtual private network domain.

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