Parallel gear processing equipment and technology

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of parallel gears, and in particular to parallel gear processing equipment and processes thereof. A rotating base is rotatably arranged in the body of a vertical CNC gear shaping machine tool, a workpiece fixture is installed on the top of the rotating base, a thimble assembly is vertically movably arranged on the top of the workpiece fixture, and a processing tool is installed on one side of the workpiece fixture through a processing spindle. In the present invention, the processing tool designed by the tool design principle can realize the processing of some non-standard parallel gears, and the outer ring can drive the movable seat to move to realize the adjustment of the elastic force of the extrusion spring, so that the user only needs to assemble the workpiece on the movable bottom plate and press downward to install the workpiece on the workpiece fixture, and only needs to press the movable ring downward and lift the outer ring upward to realize the removal of the workpiece. This positioning method for the workpiece is simple and convenient, and the positioning speed is fast, which is convenient for users to use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of parallel gears, and in particular to parallel gear processing equipment and a process thereof. Background Art

[0002] Parallel gears are key components in mechanical transmission, involving two or more gears meshing together so that they can transmit power to each other, thereby realizing the operation of the working mechanism.

[0003] Most of the gears can be machined using a vertical CNC gear shaping machine. However, when a vertical CNC gear shaping machine is used to machine non-standard gear workpieces such as 4*2(15), the theoretical number of teeth on the pitch circle is 15, which is an odd number. As a result, the gear structure actually has 3.5 teeth, which results in the gear part not being evenly distributed around the circumference. As a result, conventional standard tools currently available on the market are often unable to machine non-standard gear workpieces such as 4*2(15).

[0004] In addition, when installing and positioning the workpiece, the traditional vertical CNC gear shaping machine tools on the market often need to use a wrench to rotate the hexagonal thread positioning workpiece, so that the workpiece can be positioned through the matching clamping between the threads. This positioning method of the workpiece not only requires external tools, which is more troublesome, but also has a slow positioning speed for the workpiece, reducing the processing efficiency of the workpiece. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a parallel gear processing equipment and process.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The invention relates to a processing equipment for a parallel gear and a process thereof, comprising a vertical CNC gear shaping machine tool body, wherein a rotating base is rotatably arranged in the body of the vertical CNC gear shaping machine tool, a workpiece fixture is installed on the top of the rotating base, a pin assembly is vertically movably arranged on the top of the workpiece fixture, and a processing tool is installed on one side of the workpiece fixture through a processing spindle;

[0008] A positioning ring is fixedly arranged on the top of the workpiece fixture, a movable bottom plate is vertically movably arranged inside the positioning ring, a positioning piece is fixedly arranged on the top of the movable bottom plate, a plurality of connecting columns are fixedly arranged around the movable bottom plate, and the other ends of the connecting columns are fixedly connected to the outer ring outside the positioning ring;

[0009] The workpiece fixture is provided with a movable seat on the outer side of the positioning ring, and an adjustment cavity adapted to the outer ring is provided in the movable seat. The movable seat is driven to move by the outer ring, and a pressing piece for positioning the workpiece is provided on the movable seat.

[0010] The bottoms of both sides of the pressing piece are provided with limiting grooves, and the workpiece fixture is provided with side columns on both sides of the movable seat, and the side columns are provided with limiting pieces corresponding to the limiting grooves;

[0011] A plurality of clamping grooves are provided on the side of the outer ring, and corresponding clamping grooves on the workpiece fixture are adapted to be provided with elastic clamping pieces, and a movable ring for resetting the elastic clamping pieces is movably provided inside the outer ring.

[0012] In addition, a preferred structure is that a positioning ring is fixedly provided on the top of the workpiece clamp, and connecting column cavities are adapted to be opened on the side walls of the positioning ring corresponding to the connecting columns, guide rods are fixedly provided in the connecting column cavities, and the connecting columns are guided and moved by the guide rods.

[0013] In addition, a preferred structure is that a fixed seat is fixedly provided on the top of the workpiece fixture around the positioning ring, a guide groove is provided on the inner wall of the fixed seat, and guide members are adapted to be provided on both sides of the movable seat corresponding to the guide groove;

[0014] A pressing spring is installed on one side of the movable seat facing the workpiece clamp, the other end of the pressing spring is connected to a pressing piece, and a pressing piece cavity is adapted to be opened in the corresponding pressing piece on the positioning ring.

[0015] In addition, the preferred structure is that the inner part of the movable seat corresponds to the outer ring and is adapted to open an adjustment cavity, and the middle part of the adjustment cavity corresponds to the outer ring and is adapted to be provided with an arc-shaped inclined surface. When the outer ring moves upward, the movable seat moves outward; when the outer ring moves downward, the movable seat moves inward.

[0016] In addition, a preferred structure is that the top of the workpiece clamp is located on both sides of the fixed seat and a plurality of second guide columns are fixedly arranged vertically upward, the side columns are guided and moved by the second guide columns, a second anti-falling part is fixedly arranged on the top of the second guide column, the top of the workpiece clamp is located on the outside of the second guide column and a second spring is installed upward, and the other end of the second spring is connected to the bottom of the side column.

[0017] In addition, the preferred structure is that the top of the outer ring is provided with a ring groove downward, the side of the outer ring is provided with multiple clamping grooves connected to the ring groove, a movable ring is vertically movably arranged in the ring groove, and a reset piece adapted to the clamping groove is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the movable ring.

[0018] In addition, a preferred structure is that a plurality of first guide columns are fixed vertically upward in the annular groove, the movable ring is guided and moved by the first guide columns, a first anti-falling part is fixedly provided on the top of each of the first guide columns, a first spring is provided upward on the outer side of each of the first guide columns on the annular groove, and the other end of each of the first springs is connected to the bottom of the movable ring.

[0019] In addition, a preferred structure is that an elastic clamp is provided on the top of the workpiece clamp corresponding to the slot, and a wedge-shaped clamp block adapted to the slot is provided on the top of the elastic clamp. When the wedge-shaped clamp block is clamped in the slot, the reset piece on the movable ring is located above the wedge-shaped clamp block.

[0020] The processing technology of the combined gear includes the following steps:

[0021] S1: Use cold-drawn 45# round steel and cut it into sections with a band saw blade according to the total length of the finished product plus 3-5mm. To ensure the concentricity and verticality of the end face, first rough turn the outer circle to ensure the concentricity and total length as the clamping reference surface for the subsequent cold extrusion holes, and pre-drill countersinks and boring holes to prepare for the smooth operation of the subsequent cold extrusion inner octagonal hole punch;

[0022] S2: Use a special die to cold extrude the inner octagonal hole on a large-tonnage cold extrusion machine. First, calibrate the center lines of the upper and lower dies to ensure that they are not offset. The upper grinding core is made of carbide to ensure strength. The lower mold cavity is positively pushed and pulled to ensure that the ejector can easily eject the workpiece during demolding.

[0023] S3: On the CNC lathe, the existing inner octagonal hole is used as the reference, and the outer circle is re-finished, and the new positioning and clamping reference is corrected and found. The three-jaw chuck is used to clamp the positioning reference surface, and semi-finished turning is performed on the MAZAK precision CNC lathe to fine-turn the overall length, the outer circle of each step, the retaining ring groove, the transition radius and the chamfered shape of the workpiece;

[0024] S4: Use a square mandrel that matches the inner octagonal hole for centering, top the center hole at the other end, mill the outer four sides on the machining center, and mill the end face groove;

[0025] S5: tap the M6 ​​internal thread on a vertical tapping machine, grind the external circle on an external cylindrical grinder, and remove the residual grinding amount after fine turning;

[0026] S6: Design the size of non-standard tools, and install them on the vertical CNC gear shaping machine after the design is completed;

[0027] S7: Mount the workpiece on a workpiece fixture on the vertical CNC gear shaping machine, and use an ejector assembly to position the top of the workpiece, and then process the workpiece by the vertical CNC gear shaping machine;

[0028] S8: Use the angle position gauge to check the positional relationship between the tooth groove and the inner octagon of the workpiece;

[0029] S9: On the MAZAK CNC lathe, the workpiece is clamped and pushed to finish turning the large outer circle, and the outer circle is chamfered;

[0030] S10: Perform nitriding treatment on the finished product and pack it for shipment after inspection.

[0031] Preferably, the design principle of the non-standard tool is to arrange the single tooth arc length P=πm on the total dividing arc length, and the tool tooth number design can be enlarged by an integer multiple of 15 of the workpiece tooth number; each group of tool toothed parts has 5 teeth corresponding to 4 complete teeth of the actual workpiece, and the part of the arc length P=πm that is cut off 2.5 times in the circumferential direction corresponds to the toothed part of the workpiece.

[0032] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the processing tool designed according to the tool design principle can realize the processing of some non-standard parallel teeth, the outer ring moves synchronously with the movable base plate through the connecting column, and the outer ring can drive the movable seat to move through the adaptation setting between the outer ring and the adjustment cavity to adjust the elastic force of the extrusion spring, and the outer ring can be fixed by the adaptation clamping device between the wedge-shaped clamping block and the clamping groove, and the clamping device between the wedge-shaped clamping block and the clamping groove can be released by the reset piece, so that the user only needs to assemble the workpiece on the movable base plate and press downward to install the workpiece on the workpiece fixture, and only needs to press the movable ring downward and lift the outer ring upward to realize the removal of the workpiece. This method of positioning the workpiece is simple and convenient, the positioning speed is fast, and it is convenient for users to use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the parallel gear processing equipment proposed in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 for Figure 1 An enlarged detail of the workpiece fixture in FIG.

[0035] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the workpiece fixture proposed in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure when the movable bottom plate in FIG. 1 moves downward;

[0037] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure after the movable seat is hidden;

[0038] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure after the movable bottom plate and the outer ring are hidden;

[0039] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the movable bottom plate and the outer ring proposed in the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the card slot proposed in the present invention;

[0041] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure when a wedge-shaped card block is provided in the card slot;

[0042] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the elastic clamp proposed in the present invention;

[0043] Fig.11 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure after the movable ring in is hidden;

[0044] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the movable ring, the first guide column and the first spring proposed in the present invention;

[0045] Fig.13 It is a structural schematic diagram of the movable seat and the pressing piece proposed in the present invention;

[0046] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressing piece and the side column proposed in the present invention;

[0047] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the pressing piece and the side column proposed in the present invention;

[0048] Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the machining tool proposed in the present invention.

[0049] In the figure: 1 a vertical CNC gear shaping machine body, 11 an ejector assembly, 12 a machining spindle, 13 a machining tool, 14 a rotating base, 2 a workpiece fixture, 21 a positioning ring, 211 a connecting column cavity, 212 a guide rod, 213 a pressing piece cavity, 22 a movable bottom plate, 23 a positioning piece, 24 a connecting column, 25 an outer ring, 251 a ring groove, 252 a clamping groove, 26 a movable ring, 261 a reset piece, 27 a first guide column, 271 a first anti-dropping piece, 272 a first spring, 3 a fixed seat, 301 a guide groove, 31 a movable seat, 311 a guide piece, 312 an adjusting cavity, 32 an extrusion spring, 33 a pressing piece, 34 a limiting groove, 4 an elastic clamping piece, 41 a wedge-shaped clamping block, 5 a side column, 51 a limiting piece, 52 a second guide column, 521 a second anti-dropping piece, and 522 a second spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0051] See also Figure 1-2 A rotating base 14 is rotatably arranged inside the vertical CNC gear shaping machine tool body 1, and a workpiece clamp 2 is installed on the top of the rotating base 14, and the workpiece can be clamped by the workpiece clamp 2. An ejector assembly 11 is vertically movably arranged on the top of the workpiece clamp 2 in the vertical CNC gear shaping machine tool body 1, and the top of the workpiece can be fixed by the setting of the ejector assembly 11.

[0052] A machining spindle 12 is provided on one side of the workpiece fixture 2 in the vertical CNC gear shaping machine tool body 1, and a machining tool 13 is installed on the machining spindle 12. When machining the workpiece, the workpiece fixture 2 and the ejector assembly 11 can be used to fix the workpiece, the rotating base 14 can be used to drive the workpiece to rotate, and the machining tool 13 can be driven to rotate and move to the workpiece through the machining spindle 12 to achieve machining of the workpiece. It is worth noting that the specific structure and working method of the vertical CNC gear shaping machine tool body 1, the ejector assembly 11, the machining spindle 12 and the rotating base 14 are all existing technologies currently disclosed on the market, so they will not be elaborated on.

[0053] See also Figure 3-6 A positioning ring 21 is fixedly arranged on the top of the workpiece fixture 2, a movable bottom plate 22 is vertically movable in the middle of the positioning ring 21, and a positioning member 23 is fixedly arranged on the top of the movable bottom plate 22. A positioning groove is adapted to the positioning member 23 at the bottom of the workpiece, and the workpiece can be positioned by mounting the workpiece on the movable bottom plate 22 and setting the positioning member 23.

[0054] A plurality of fixed seats 3 are fixedly arranged on the workpiece clamp 2, and guide grooves 301 are opened on the inner walls of the fixed seats 3. A movable seat 31 is movably arranged in the fixed seats 3 through the guide grooves 301 to guide the movable seats 31. A guide member 311 is adapted to correspond to the guide grooves 301 on the movable seats 31. The movable seats 31 can be guided by the adaptation between the guide member 311 and the guide grooves 301.

[0055] The movable seat 31 is provided with an adjustment cavity 312 adapted to the outer ring 25, because the outer ring 25 is fixedly connected to the movable bottom plate 22 by the connecting column 24. This allows the outer ring 25 to move synchronously when the movable bottom plate 22 moves. When the outer ring 25 moves downward, it can move downward in the adjustment cavity 312 on the movable seat 31, so that the movable seat 31 can be driven to move toward the positioning ring 21 through the slope in the adjustment cavity 312. In this way, the extrusion spring 32 can be compressed by the movement of the movable seat 31, so that the extrusion spring 32 can provide a greater elastic force to the pressing piece 33, so that the workpiece can be pressed by the pressing piece 33 to achieve the positioning of the workpiece. And the corresponding pressing piece 33 on the positioning ring 21 is adapted to open a pressing piece cavity 213, and the pressing piece 33 can pass through the pressing piece cavity 213 and press the workpiece in the positioning ring 21.

[0056] The pressing piece 33 is covered with a rubber sleeve, which can not only improve the pressing effect on the workpiece, but also prevent the workpiece from being damaged. In addition, the rubber sleeve can provide a small amount of movable travel for the pressing piece 33.

[0057] See also Figure 6-7 , connecting columns 24 are fixedly arranged outwardly around the movable bottom plate 22, and the connecting columns 24 extend out from the connecting column cavity 211 on the positioning ring 21, and the other ends of the connecting columns 24 are connected to the outer ring 25. Through the arrangement of the connecting columns 24, the movable bottom plate 22 can move synchronously with the outer ring 25, so that when the movable bottom plate 22 moves, the outer ring 25 can be driven to move in the adjustment cavity 312.

[0058] In addition, guide rods 212 are vertically fixedly arranged in the connecting column cavity 211. Through the arrangement of the guide rods 212, the connecting column 24 can be guided to improve the stability of the movable bottom plate 22, the connecting column 24 and the outer ring 25 during the movement.

[0059] See also Figure 3-4 , 8-12, a ring groove 251 is provided at the top of the outer ring 25, and a movable ring 26 is vertically movably provided in the ring groove 251. A plurality of first guide posts 27 are fixedly provided upward in the ring groove 251, and a first anti-dropping member 271 is fixedly provided at the top of each of the first guide posts 27. The movable ring 26 is guided to move by the first guide posts 27, and a groove is provided at the top of the movable ring 26 corresponding to the first anti-dropping member 271, so that not only the movable ring 26 can be guided to move, but also the movable ring 26 can be prevented from falling off from the ring groove 251.

[0060] A plurality of first springs 272 are arranged upward in the ring groove 251, and the other ends of the first springs 272 are connected to the bottom of the movable ring 26, and the first springs 272 are located outside the first guide column 27. The movable ring 26 can be pushed upward by the arrangement of the first springs 272, and the top of the movable ring 26 can be flush with the top of the outer ring 25 by the arrangement of the first anti-dropping member 271.

[0061] A plurality of reset members 261 are fixedly arranged on the side of the movable ring 26, and corresponding reset members 261 are adapted to be provided with a clamping groove 252 on the outer ring 25, and the clamping groove 252 is communicated with the ring groove 251. It is worth noting that the reset member 261 is not arranged at the position where the movable seat 31 is provided, so that the reset member 261 will not affect the adjustment cavity 312.

[0062] The workpiece fixture 2 is provided with elastic clamps 4 corresponding to the slots 252, and the top of the elastic clamps 4 is provided with wedge-shaped clamps 41, and the wedge-shaped clamps 41 are adapted to the slots 252. It is worth noting that the elastic clamps 4 are elastic, and when the outer ring 25 moves downward, the wedge-shaped clamps 41 contact the bottom of the outer ring 25. Since the top of the wedge-shaped clamps 41 is an inclined surface, when the outer ring 25 continues to move downward, the elastic clamps 4 can automatically bend outward. When the outer ring 25 moves to the bottom, the elastic clamps 4 can automatically reset by elastic force, so that the wedge-shaped clamps 41 can be clamped in the slots 252.

[0063] Due to the arrangement of the first spring 272, when the wedge-shaped block 41 is stuck in the slot 252, the reset members 261 are all located at the top of the wedge-shaped block 41. At this time, the user can press the movable ring 26 downward, so that all the reset members 261 can be driven to move downward through the movable ring 26. At this time, the wedge-shaped block 41 on the elastic clamp 4 can be pushed outward by the movement of the reset members 261, so that the clamping between all the wedge-shaped blocks 41 and the slot 252 can be released.

[0064] See also Figure 13-15 A guide member 311 is provided at the bottom of the movable seat 31, and the guide member 311 is adapted to the guide groove 301 on the fixed seat 3. An adjustment cavity 312 is provided in the movable seat 31, and the adjustment cavity 312 is arranged in an arc shape and adapted to the outer ring 25. Through the arrangement of the adjustment cavity 312, the user can control the horizontal movement of the movable seat 31 by the vertical movement of the outer ring 25.

[0065] The movable seat 31 is provided with a pressing piece 33 through two extrusion springs 32, and both sides of the bottom of the pressing piece 33 are provided with limiting grooves 34. The workpiece fixture 2 is provided with side columns 5 on both sides of the movable seat 31 for vertical movement, and the ends of the side columns 5 are fixedly provided with limiting pieces 51, and the limiting pieces 51 are adapted to the limiting grooves 34.

[0066] The side columns 5 are guided and moved by multiple second guide columns 52. The bottoms of the second guide columns 52 are fixedly connected to the workpiece clamp 2, and the tops of the second guide columns 52 are fixedly provided with second anti-falling parts 521. The setting of the second anti-falling parts 521 can prevent the side columns 5 from falling off the second guide columns 52.

[0067] A plurality of second springs 522 are mounted upwardly on the top of the workpiece clamp 2, the other ends of the second springs 522 are connected to the side column 5, and the second springs 522 are located outside the second guide column 52. By setting the second springs 522, the side column 5 can be pushed up, so that the limiting member 51 on the side column 5 can be firmly clamped in the limiting groove 34.

[0068] When the outer ring 25 moves downward, the bottom of the outer ring 25 contacts the side pillars 5, so that all the side pillars 5 can be pressed downward by the outer ring 25. In this way, the side pillars 5 can drive the limiting member 51 to move downward synchronously, so that the clamping between the limiting member 51 and the limiting groove 34 can be released.

[0069] See also Fig.16 A through hole is provided in the middle of the machining tool 13, and the machining tool 13 is installed on the machining spindle 12 through the through hole in the middle thereof. It is worth noting that the machining tool 13 is designed to be replaceable, and its specific disassembly structure is prior art, so it will not be described in detail.

[0070] In this embodiment, the material is cold-drawn 45# round steel, which is cut into sections by a band saw blade according to the total length of the finished product plus 3-5 mm on a sawing machine. To ensure concentricity and end face verticality, the outer circle is first rough-turned to ensure concentricity and total length as a clamping reference surface for subsequent cold extrusion holes, and countersunk holes are pre-drilled and bored to prepare for the smooth operation of the subsequent cold extrusion inner octagonal hole punch.

[0071] Then, a special mold is used to cold extrude the inner octagonal hole on a large-tonnage cold extrusion machine: first, the center lines of the upper and lower molds are corrected to prevent deviation, the upper ground core is made of cemented carbide to ensure strength, and the lower model cavity is positively pushed and pulled to ensure that the ejector can easily eject the workpiece during demolding and the hole depth meets the process requirements.

[0072] Then, the CNC lathe uses the existing inner octagonal hole as the reference to re-finish the outer circle, calibrate and find the new positioning and clamping reference, use the three-jaw chuck to clamp the positioning reference surface, and perform semi-finishing on the MAZAK precision CNC lathe.

[0073] Then use the square mandrel that matches the inner octagonal hole for centering, and the other end of the center hole, and mill the outer four sides on the machining center, and mill the end face groove. Pay special attention to the opposite sides of the quadrilateral and the groove plane to be parallel to any set of opposite sides of the inner octagon. The linear dimensions of this process are measured with a digital display vernier card, and the relevant phase requirements are qualitatively checked with a special position gauge and the first piece is measured with a quartz platform + dial indicator.

[0074] Then tap the M6 ​​internal thread on a vertical tapping machine, grind the external circle on an external cylindrical grinder to remove the residual grinding after fine turning. Use a thread plug gauge to measure the thread accuracy and effective depth.

[0075] Entering the gear merging process, the number of teeth is 4*2 (15) and processing: Through calculation, it is known that the actual tooth angle from the last tooth of the first group of teeth to the starting tooth angle of the second group of teeth is 84°, that is, the arrangement of the gear merging part and the general gear tooth position is completely different, so the tool design needs to be non-standard.

[0076] Tool design principle: Arrange according to the single tooth arc length P = πm on the total pitch arc length (formula L = π * tool design diameter), the tool tooth number design can be enlarged according to the integer multiple of the workpiece tooth number 15, each group of tool tooth opening part is 5 teeth corresponding to the 4 complete teeth of the actual workpiece, and the arc length of 2.5 times P = πm cut in the circumferential direction corresponds to the workpiece tooth part. According to the above principles, the number of teeth of the machining tool 13 in this embodiment is designed to be 15*3 times the number of teeth of the workpiece, and the pitch circle diameter is φ = 45*25.4 / DP7 = 163.286, that is, the entire tool circumferential arc length is divided into 6 groups, and each group is evenly distributed at 60°.

[0077] Then, the machining tool 13 and the workpiece are mounted on the vertical CNC gear shaping machine body 1 to achieve machining of the workpiece.

[0078] Then, the large outer circle is precision-turned on the MAZAK CNC lathe, and the oil seal groove and outer circle chamfer are precision-turned. The relevant dimensions are based on the empirical values ​​of heat treatment deformation. The outer circle diameter is measured with an outer diameter micrometer, the groove width is measured with a slot plug gauge, the axial position dimension is measured with a length card, and the surface quality is measured with a roughness meter.

[0079] Then the finished product is nitrided: the surface hardness is above 350HV, and the nitrided layer is subjected to salt spray test according to ASTM, and the visible red spots do not exceed 5% after 1050 hours. Finally, the finished product is inspected and packaged for shipment.

[0080] In the process of the above embodiment, when the user needs to use the vertical CNC gear shaping machine tool body 1 to process the workpiece, it is only necessary to install the designed processing tool 13 on the processing spindle 12, then install the workpiece on the workpiece fixture 2, and then control the ejector assembly 11 to move downward to achieve the fixation of the top of the workpiece. Finally, it is only necessary to drive the processing tool 13 to move to the workpiece through the processing spindle 12 to process the workpiece, and the workpiece fixture 2 can be driven to rotate synchronously with the workpiece through the rotating base 14. It is worth noting that the specific structure and working method of the vertical CNC gear shaping machine tool body 1, the ejector assembly 11, the processing spindle 12 and the rotating base 14 are all existing technologies, so they are not elaborated.

[0081] Furthermore, the positioning ring 21 is adapted to the workpiece. When the user needs to install the workpiece on the workpiece fixture 2, the user only needs to adapt the positioning groove at the bottom of the workpiece to the positioning piece 23 at the top of the movable bottom plate 22. Then the workpiece can be directly pressed downward, and the movable bottom plate 22 can move downward synchronously with the workpiece, and the outer ring 25 can also move downward synchronously through the setting of the connecting column 24. This allows the movable bottom plate 22, the connecting column 24 and the outer ring 25 to move downward synchronously when the user presses the workpiece downward.

[0082] Since the outer ring 25 is located in the adjustment cavity 312 on the movable seat 31, when the outer ring 25 moves downward, it can drive the movable seat 31 to move toward the positioning ring 21 through the adjustment cavity 312. In this way, the extrusion spring 32 can be compressed by the movement of the movable seat 31, thereby increasing the thrust provided by the extrusion spring 32 to the pressing piece 33, so that the pressing piece 33 can apply a stronger pressure to the workpiece to fix the workpiece.

[0083] And when the outer ring 25 moves downward to drive the movable seat 31 to compress the extrusion spring 32, the clamping between the stopper 51 on the side column 5 and the stopper groove 34 on the pressure piece 33 can realize the pulling of the pressure piece 33 to reduce the pressure applied by the pressure piece 33 on the workpiece. This is because the extrusion spring 32 has been continuously compressed during the downward movement of the workpiece in the positioning ring 21. If the stopper 51 is not provided, the pressure piece 33 will apply a greater pressure to the workpiece during the downward movement of the workpiece, thereby increasing the difficulty of the workpiece continuing to move downward.

[0084] When the workpiece is about to move to the bottom, the outer ring 25 is adapted to move to the top of the side column 5. This allows the side column 5 to be pressed downward by the outer ring 25 when the workpiece continues to move downward, so that the side column 5 can drive the limiter 51 to move downward synchronously to release the adaptation between the limiter 51 and the limiter groove 34. At this time, the pressing member 33 is no longer restricted by the limiter 51, and the workpiece can be fully pressed. At this time, the second spring 522 at the bottom of the side column 5 is compressed.

[0085] When the workpiece moves to the bottom, the outer ring 25 also moves to the bottom synchronously. At this time, the wedge-shaped clamping blocks 41 on the elastic clamping member 4 can be adapted and clamped in the clamping grooves 252 on the outer ring 25, so that the outer ring 25 can be fixed by the adaptation and clamping between the wedge-shaped clamping blocks 41 and the clamping grooves 252, and the workpiece can be fixedly installed.

[0086] Furthermore, when the workpiece is to be removed after processing, the user only needs to press the movable ring 26 on the top of the outer ring 25 downward, and the movable ring 26 can press downward and press the first spring 272, and the reset member 261 also moves downward synchronously with the movable ring 26. Since the top of the wedge-shaped block 41 is a slope, when the reset member 261 moves downward, it can squeeze the wedge-shaped block 41 out of the slot 252, so that the clamping between all the wedge-shaped blocks 41 and the slot 252 can be released by pressing the movable ring 26 downward.

[0087] Then the user directly lifts the outer ring 25 upwards. When the outer ring 25 moves upwards, the movable seat 31 can be moved outward and reset through the adaptation setting between the outer ring 25 and the adjustment cavity 312. At this time, the extrusion spring 32 is also automatically stretched and reset, so that the pressure piece 33 no longer applies a large pressure on the workpiece. And as the outer ring 25 moves upwards, the movable bottom plate 22 can be driven to move upwards, thereby driving the workpiece to move upwards synchronously. When the outer ring 25 moves to the top, the workpiece can be ejected from the positioning ring 21, thereby realizing the removal of the workpiece.

[0088] After the outer ring 25 has completed its upward movement, the side column 5 can automatically return to the limiting groove 34 by the elastic force of the second spring 522, and the movable ring 26 can also automatically return to the upward position by the elastic force of the first spring 272, so as to facilitate the positioning of the next workpiece.

[0089] Furthermore, the adjustment cavity 312 inside the movable seat 31 is arc-shaped and adapted to the outer ring 25, and the middle part of the adjustment cavity 312 is an arc-shaped inclined surface. This allows the movable seat 31 to move toward the positioning ring 21 through the arc-shaped inclined surface on the adjustment cavity 312 when the outer ring 25 moves downward; and the movable seat 31 can be driven to move in the opposite direction through the arc-shaped inclined surface on the adjustment cavity 312 when the outer ring 25 moves upward.

[0090] In the present invention, the processing tool designed according to the tool design principle can realize the processing of some non-standard parallel teeth. The outer ring 25 moves synchronously with the movable base plate 22 through the connecting column 24. Through the adaptation setting between the outer ring 25 and the adjustment cavity 312, the outer ring 25 can drive the movable seat 31 to move, so as to adjust the elastic force of the extrusion spring 32. The outer ring 25 can be fixed by the adaptation clamping device between the wedge-shaped clamping block 41 and the clamping groove 252, and the clamping device between the wedge-shaped clamping block 41 and the clamping groove 252 can be released by the reset member 261. This allows the user to install the workpiece on the workpiece fixture 2 by simply assembling the workpiece on the movable base plate 22 and pressing downward, and to remove the workpiece by simply pressing the movable ring 26 downward and lifting the outer ring 25 upward. This method of positioning the workpiece is simple and convenient, with a fast positioning speed, and is convenient for users to use.

[0091] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gear processing device, comprising a vertical CNC gear shaping machine tool body (1), characterized in that: A rotating base (14) is rotatably arranged in the vertical CNC gear shaping machine tool body (1); a workpiece fixture (2) is installed on the top of the rotating base (14); a pin assembly (11) is vertically movably arranged on the top of the workpiece fixture (2); and a machining tool (13) is installed on one side of the workpiece fixture (2) via a machining spindle (12); a positioning ring (21) is fixedly arranged on the top of the workpiece fixture (2); a movable bottom plate (22) is vertically movably arranged in the positioning ring (21); a positioning piece (23) is fixedly arranged on the top of the movable bottom plate (22); and a plurality of connecting columns (24) are fixedly arranged on all sides of the movable bottom plate (22). ), and the other ends of the connecting columns (24) are fixedly connected to the outer ring (25) outside the positioning ring (21); a movable seat (31) is movably provided on the outer side of the positioning ring (21) on the workpiece fixture (2), and an adjustment cavity (312) adapted to the outer ring (25) is provided in the movable seat (31), the movable seat (31) is driven to move by the outer ring (25), and a pressing piece (33) for positioning the workpiece is provided on the movable seat (31); limiting grooves (34) are provided at the bottom of both sides of the pressing piece (33), and side columns (5) are provided on both sides of the movable seat (31) on the workpiece fixture (2), and The side columns (5) are provided with limit members (51) corresponding to the limit grooves (34); the side edges of the outer ring (25) are provided with a plurality of clamping grooves (252); the workpiece fixture (2) is provided with elastic clamps (4) corresponding to the clamping grooves (252); and a movable ring (26) for resetting the elastic clamps (4) is movably provided in the outer ring (25); a fixing seat (3) is fixedly provided on the top of the workpiece fixture (2) and around the positioning ring (21); a guide groove (301) is provided on the inner wall of the fixing seat (3); and guide members (301) are provided on both sides of the movable seat (31) corresponding to the guide grooves (301). 311); a pressing spring (32) is installed on the side of the movable seat (31) facing the workpiece fixture (2); the other end of the pressing spring (32) is connected to the pressing piece (33), and a pressing piece cavity (213) is adapted to be opened on the positioning ring (21) corresponding to the pressing piece (33); an adjustment cavity (312) is adapted to be opened inside the movable seat (31) corresponding to the outer ring (25), and an arc-shaped inclined surface is adapted to be set in the middle of the adjustment cavity (312) corresponding to the outer ring (25); when the outer ring (25) moves upward, the movable seat (31) moves outward; when the outer ring (25) moves downward, the movable seat (31) moves inward;The top of the workpiece clamp (2) is located on both sides of the fixed seat (3) and is vertically and fixedly provided with a plurality of second guide columns (52). The side columns (5) are guided and moved by the second guide columns (52). A second anti-falling member (521) is fixedly provided on the top of the second guide column (52). The top of the workpiece clamp (2) is located on the outer side of the second guide column (52) and is upwardly installed with a second spring (522), and the other end of the second spring (522) is connected to the bottom of the side column (5); the top of the outer ring (25) is downwardly provided with an annular groove (251), the side of the outer ring (25) is provided with a plurality of clamping grooves (252) connected with the annular groove (251), a movable ring (26) is vertically and movably provided in the annular groove (251), and a reset member adapted to the clamping groove (252) is fixedly provided on the outer side of the movable ring (26). (261); a plurality of first guide posts (27) are fixedly arranged vertically upward in the annular groove (251); the movable ring (26) is guided and moved by the first guide posts (27); a first anti-dropping member (271) is fixedly arranged on the top of each of the first guide posts (27); a first spring (272) is arranged upward on the outer side of each of the first guide posts (27) on the annular groove (251); and the other end of each of the first springs (272) is connected to the bottom of each of the movable rings (26); an elastic clamp (4) is arranged on the top of each of the workpiece clamps (2) corresponding to the clamping groove (252); a wedge-shaped clamp (41) adapted to the clamping groove (252) is arranged on the top of each of the elastic clamps (4); when the wedge-shaped clamp (41) is clamped in the clamping groove (252), the reset member (261) on the movable ring (26) is located above the wedge-shaped clamp (41). ; 2. The parallel gear processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side walls of the positioning ring (21) are adapted to be provided with connecting column cavities (211) corresponding to the connecting columns (24), guide rods (212) are fixedly arranged in the connecting column cavities (211), and the connecting columns (24) are guided and moved by the guide rods (212).

3. A parallel gear processing process, based on the parallel gear processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Use cold-drawn No. 45 round steel, and cut it into sections with a band saw blade according to the total length of the finished product plus 3-5 mm on the sawing machine. To ensure concentricity and end face verticality, first rough turn the outer circle to ensure concentricity and total length as the clamping reference surface for the subsequent cold extrusion hole, and pre-drill countersinks and boring holes to prepare for the smooth operation of the subsequent cold extrusion inner octagonal hole punch; S2: Use a special mold to cold extrude the inner octagonal hole on a large-tonnage cold extrusion machine. First, calibrate the upper and lower mold center lines so that they do not deviate. The upper grinding core is made of cemented carbide to ensure strength. The lower mold cavity is positively pushed to ensure that the ejector can easily eject the workpiece when demolding; S3: On the CNC lathe, use the existing inner octagonal hole as the reference, re-finish the outer circle, calibrate and find the new positioning and clamping reference, and clamp the positioning reference surface with a three-jaw chuck. Through the MAZAK precision CNC Semi-finishing turning is performed on the lathe to finish the workpiece shape of the total length, the outer circle of each step, the retaining ring groove, the transition radius and the chamfer; S4: Select a square mandrel that matches the inner octagonal hole for centering, and use the other end to push the center hole, and mill the outer four sides and the end face groove on the machining center; S5: Tap the M6 ​​internal thread on the vertical tapping machine, grind the outer circle on the external cylindrical grinder, and remove the residual grinding amount after finishing turning; S6: Design the size of non-standard tools, and after the design is completed, install the non-standard tools on the vertical CNC gear shaping machine; S7: Install the workpiece on the workpiece fixture on the vertical CNC gear shaping machine, and use the ejector assembly to position the top of the workpiece, and then use the vertical CNC gear shaping machine to process the workpiece; S8: Use the angle position inspection fixture to check the positional relationship between the tooth groove and the inner octagon of the workpiece; S9: The workpiece is clamped and pushed on the MAZAK CNC lathe to finish turning the large outer circle and chamfering the outer circle; S10: The finished product is nitrided and packaged for shipment after inspection.

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