Auxiliary cooling device for friction welding of large-wall-thickness annular pipe component and working method of auxiliary cooling device

Abstract

The invention provides an auxiliary cooling device for friction welding of a large-wall-thickness annular pipe component and a working method of the auxiliary cooling device, and belongs to the technical field of friction welding. The problems that in the prior art, after a workpiece with the large wall thickness is welded, the pipe wall of the workpiece cannot be completely cooled only through external cooling and internal cooling, so that the overall temperature is not uniform, the welding seam structure of a material is not uniform, and then the performance of a welding joint is not uniform are solved. The device comprises a main shaft side box body, an external aerial fog spraying assembly and an internal aerial fog spraying assembly, a main shaft side clamp is installed in the main shaft side box body, a tailstock side clamp is installed in a movable sliding table box body through a tailstock fixing base, a to-be-welded workpiece on the tailstock side is clamped and fixed through the tailstock side clamp, and the internal spraying assembly is arranged on the inner side of a welding area. The external aerial fog spraying assembly and the internal aerial fog spraying assembly are arranged on the outer side and the inner side of the to-be-welded part on the tailstock side correspondingly. The quick cooling device is mainly used for quickly cooling a welded joint after welding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of friction welding, and in particular relates to a friction welding auxiliary cooling device for thick-walled annular tube components and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, inertia friction welding has the advantages of fewer process parameters, high stability, less heat input, narrow weld zone, and high joint mechanical properties. It has great potential in the industrial field. Many products are used in the aerospace field, etc. The existing inertia friction welding process is: the workpieces to be welded are fixed at the rotating end and the sliding end respectively. When the speed of the rotating end reaches the set value, the drive motor of the spindle is separated from the rotating end, and the sliding end is driven by the hydraulic servo to move toward the rotating end, generating friction heat at the contact interface. Due to the action of friction, the material undergoes plastic deformation at the welding interface, and the temperature of the material gradually increases. When the speed of the rotating end is reduced, the material moves to the rotating end. When it drops to a certain value, the workpiece to be welded begins to be forged. After holding for a certain period of time, the sliding end withdraws. After welding, heat treatment is performed according to the corresponding material properties and post-welding and performance requirements. For example, heavy-duty gears are widely used in industrial heavy-duty fields due to their high torque output and high reduction ratio. In order to improve the overall performance of heavy-duty gears, inertia friction welding is used and the weld is quenched after welding. In addition, thick-walled annular tube components used in wind power, ships, heavy vehicles and other fields also need to be quenched at the weld after inertia friction welding to improve the strength of the welded joints of thick-walled annular tube components.

[0003] However, after welding of a workpiece with a large wall thickness, simply using external cooling and internal cooling cannot completely cool the tube wall of the annular tube, resulting in uneven overall weld structure, and then resulting in uneven overall weld joint performance, so that the performance of the entire weld joint cannot be well improved. Based on the above problems, the present invention proposes an auxiliary cooling device for friction welding of thick-walled annular tube components and a working method thereof. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention aims to propose an auxiliary cooling device and working method for friction welding of thick-walled annular tube components, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that after welding of thick-walled workpieces, simply adopting external cooling and internal cooling cannot completely cool the tube wall of the workpiece, resulting in uneven overall temperature, thus making the material weld structure uneven, and further causing uneven performance of the welded joint.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The invention relates to an auxiliary cooling device for friction welding of thick-walled annular tube components, comprising a spindle side box, a spindle side fixture, an external blowing assembly, a spindle side workpiece to be welded, a movable slide box, a bed, a tailstock fixed seat, a tailstock side workpiece to be welded, an internal blowing assembly, an external aerosol spray assembly and an internal aerosol spray assembly, wherein the spindle side box is installed on one side of the bed, the movable slide box is slidably installed on the other side of the bed through a movable slide track, the spindle side fixture is installed in the spindle side box through the spindle fixed seat, the spindle side workpiece to be welded is clamped and fixed by the spindle side fixture, the external blowing assembly is arranged on the outside of the welding area of ​​the spindle side workpiece to be welded, the tailstock side fixture is installed in the movable slide box through the tailstock fixed seat, the tailstock side workpiece to be welded is clamped and fixed by the tailstock side fixture, the internal blowing assembly is arranged on the inside of the welding area of ​​the spindle side workpiece to be welded, and the external aerosol spray assembly and the internal aerosol spray assembly are respectively arranged on the outside and inside of the welding area of ​​the tailstock side workpiece to be welded.

[0007] Furthermore, the external aerosol spray assembly includes an external atomizing nozzle and an external gas nozzle, the external atomizing nozzle is connected to the external atomizing nozzle inlet, the external gas nozzle is connected to the external gas nozzle inlet, the external atomizing nozzle is sleeved on the outside of the external gas nozzle, the external atomizing nozzle inlet is sleeved on the outside of the external gas nozzle inlet, and the external atomizing nozzle is arranged on the outside of the welding area of ​​the workpiece to be welded on the spindle side.

[0008] Furthermore, the internal aerosol spray assembly includes an atomizing liquid connecting pipe, an inert gas connecting pipe, an atomizing nozzle and a water mist nozzle. The atomizing liquid connecting pipe is arranged on the inner side of the workpiece to be welded on the tailstock side, and an inert gas connecting pipe is arranged in the atomizing liquid connecting pipe. The air outlet of the inert gas connecting pipe is located in the water mist nozzle. The water mist nozzle is connected to the atomizing liquid connecting pipe through a transition joint. A plurality of atomizing nozzles are evenly distributed on the outside of the water mist nozzle, and a plurality of air outlet holes are provided at the air outlet of the inert gas connecting pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, a partition is provided in the water mist nozzle, the partition is sleeved on the outside of the inert gas connecting pipe and is located at a position of the inert gas connecting pipe without an air outlet, the partition is provided with a through hole, the inert gas connecting pipe is connected to the output pipeline of the gas source through the gas nozzle elbow, the atomized liquid connecting pipe is connected to the output pipeline of the cooling medium source through the water mist pipe elbow, and the inert gas connecting pipe is connected to the output pipeline of the inert gas source.

[0010] Furthermore, the atomized liquid connecting pipe is installed in a U-shaped groove provided on a fixed seat in the movable slide box, and the fixed seat is connected to the telescopic mechanism through a connecting rod, and the telescopic mechanism is installed in the movable slide box.

[0011] Furthermore, the external blowing assembly includes a motor, a screw, a blowing support, a guide rail, a cylinder, a connecting rod, a semi-ring bracket and a blowing head, the blowing support is connected to the driving mechanism, the fixed end of the cylinder is installed on the blowing support, and the telescopic end is connected to the semi-ring bracket, guide rails are provided on both sides of the cylinder, and a support plate is installed on the top of the guide rail, the two sides of the semi-ring bracket are connected to the support plate through a connecting rod, a plurality of blowing heads are evenly distributed in a ring on the inner side of the semi-ring bracket, and the plurality of blowing heads are connected to the semi-ring bracket through a blowing head support, the blowing support is threadedly connected to the screw, the screw is connected to the output shaft of the motor and is installed on the bed, and the blowing head is connected to the protective gas source through a protective gas connecting pipeline.

[0012] Furthermore, a direction-adjusting connecting rod is connected to the middle of the blowing head, and the direction-adjusting connecting rod is connected to the inner side of the semi-ring bracket through a locking nut.

[0013] Furthermore, the internal blowing assembly includes an internal jet connecting pipe and an internal jet nozzle, and the internal jet nozzle is connected to the internal jet connecting pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, the external atomizing nozzle, the external gas nozzle, the atomizing liquid connecting pipe, the inert gas connecting pipe, the protective gas connecting pipeline and the internal jet connecting pipe are all provided with stop valves, each stop valve is connected to the control system, and the telescopic mechanism and the motor are both connected to the control system.

[0015] A working method for a friction welding auxiliary cooling device for thick-walled annular tube components, comprising the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Before welding, clamp and fix the workpiece on the spindle side with the spindle side fixture, and clamp and fix the workpiece on the tailstock side with the tailstock side fixture;

[0017] Step 2: Control the external blowing assembly, the internal blowing assembly, the external aerosol spray assembly, and the welding areas of the workpiece to be welded on the spindle side and the workpiece to be welded on the tailstock side of the internal aerosol spray assembly through a control system;

[0018] Step 3: According to the workpiece material to be friction welded, select one of the five protection methods: spraying protective gas and gas mist cooling on the outside of the welding area, spraying protective gas and gas mist cooling on the inside, spraying protective gas and gas mist cooling on the outside, spraying protective gas and gas mist cooling on the inside, spraying protective gas and external gas mist cooling on the inside and outside, and spraying protective gas and gas mist cooling on both the inside and outside. Select the appropriate method and start friction welding;

[0019] Step 4: During the welding process, introduce protective gas for protection;

[0020] Step 5: After welding, use aerosol cooling to cool the weld joint. After the weld joint is formed, the welding is completed.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. After welding, the present invention uses aerosol to rapidly cool down the inner and outer sides of the welding joint to achieve the quenching effect. The inner and outer sides are cooled at the same time, which can quickly cool down the entire wall of the annular pipe, thereby improving the overall performance of the weld.

[0023] 2. After welding, the present invention uses aerosol to rapidly cool down both the inner and outer sides of the weld joint. Rapid cooling can quickly reduce the overall temperature of the weld joint, thereby reducing the diffusion of the heat-affected zone and avoiding excessive center temperature due to high wall thickness structure, which leads to instability of material properties.

[0024] 3. The present invention adopts the method of internal and external cooling to enable the center temperature to be cooled down in time, ensuring that other positions of the high-wall thickness annular pipe workpiece are not affected, while improving the quality of the weld.

[0025] 4. After welding, the present invention promptly and rapidly cools the weld to achieve a quenching effect, which helps control the organizational structure and grain growth inside the welding area, and can promote the formation of a finer grain structure, thereby improving the strength of the weld joint and reducing defects inside the welding area. For workpieces with large diameters and thicknesses, conventional cooling time may be long, while rapid cooling can significantly shorten the cooling time of the weld joint, improve production efficiency, and make the welding process more cost-effective and competitive.

[0026] 5. In the present invention, during the welding process, the inner and outer sides of the welding area are simultaneously protected by spraying a protective gas, which can effectively prevent oxidation and maintain the cleanliness of the surface of the welding joint, thereby improving the quality and strength of the weld. The protective gas forms a gas barrier inside and outside the welding area, which helps to stabilize the temperature of the welding area. Especially under the action of high-temperature friction heat, spraying a protective gas can help control the temperature distribution of the welding joint, reduce the temperature gradient, and is conducive to uniform plastic deformation and uniformity of the welding area.

[0027] 6. Due to the large surface area of ​​large diameter and thick workpieces, they are easy to react with oxygen in the air to form oxides, or be polluted by the external environment. Spraying protective gas is usually an inert gas such as argon, which can effectively wrap the welding area to prevent the entry of carbon dioxide, thereby avoiding contamination of the weld joint.

[0028] 7. The present invention sprays shielding gas both inside and outside to maintain the purity and uniformity of the weld, and the spraying of shielding gas forms an ambient atmosphere layer, which helps to stabilize the temperature of the welding area, especially during the friction welding process, when the weld joint experiences high temperature and plastic deformation.

[0029] 8. The present invention can adjust the position of the external aerosol spray assembly and the internal aerosol spray assembly at any time. Since the weld position changes during the welding process, the position of the external aerosol spray assembly and the internal aerosol spray assembly can be controlled by the telescopic cylinder to keep the external aerosol spray assembly and the internal aerosol spray assembly consistent with the weld position, thereby ensuring the stability of the cooling temperature at the weld. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a friction welding auxiliary processing device Figure 1 ;

[0032] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a friction welding auxiliary processing device Figure 2 ;

[0033] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a friction welding auxiliary processing device Figure 3 ;

[0034] Figure 4 is an enlarged schematic diagram of an external aerosol spray assembly;

[0035] Figure 5 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of the internal blowing assembly;

[0036] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the external blowing assembly;

[0037] Figure 7 It is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the external blowing assembly.

[0038] 1-spindle side box, 2-spindle fixed seat, 3-spindle side fixture, 4-external blowing assembly, 5-spindle side to be welded, 6-movable slide box, 7-bed, 8-movable slide rail, 9-external atomizing nozzle inlet, 10-external gas nozzle inlet, 11-external atomizing nozzle, 12-external gas nozzle, 13-atomizing liquid connecting pipe, 14-tailstock fixed seat, 15-tailstock side to be welded, 16-tailstock fixed seat, 17-connecting rod, 18-telescopic mechanism, 19-tailstock Side parts to be welded, 20-water mist pipe elbow, 21-transition joint, 22-inert gas connecting pipe, 23-partition, 24-atomizing nozzle, 25-water mist nozzle, 26-internal jet connecting pipe, 27-internal jet nozzle, 401-motor, 402-screw, 403-spray support, 404-guide rail, 405-cylinder, 406-connecting rod, 407-semi-ring bracket, 408-spray head, 409-spray head support, 410-direction adjustment connecting rod, 411-locking nut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely explain the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict, and the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments.

[0040] See also Figure 1-7 The present embodiment is described as an auxiliary cooling device for friction welding of thick-walled annular tube components, comprising a spindle side box 1, a spindle side fixture 3, an external blowing assembly 4, a spindle side workpiece to be welded 5, a movable slide box 6, a bed 7, a tailstock fixed seat 16, a tailstock side workpiece to be welded 15, an internal blowing assembly, an external aerosol spray assembly, and an internal aerosol spray assembly, wherein the spindle side box 1 is mounted on one side of the bed 7, the movable slide box 6 is slidably mounted on the other side of the bed 7 via a movable slide rail 8, and the spindle side fixture 3 is mounted via a spindle fixed seat 2 In the spindle side box 1, the spindle side workpiece 5 to be welded is clamped and fixed by the spindle side clamp 3, the external blowing assembly 4 is arranged on the outside of the welding area of ​​the spindle side workpiece 5 to be welded, the tailstock side clamp 14 is installed in the movable slide box 6 through the tailstock fixing seat 16, the tailstock side workpiece 15 to be welded is clamped and fixed by the tailstock side clamp 14, the internal blowing assembly is arranged on the inside of the welding area of ​​the spindle side workpiece 5, and the external aerosol spray assembly and the internal aerosol spray assembly are respectively arranged on the outside and inside of the welding area of ​​the tailstock side workpiece 15 to be welded.

[0041] Before welding, the spindle side workpiece 5 to be welded is clamped and fixed by the spindle side clamp 3, and the tailstock side workpiece 15 to be welded is clamped and fixed by the tailstock side clamp 14. The external blowing component 4, the internal blowing component, the external aerosol spraying component and the welding area of ​​the spindle side workpiece 5 to be welded and the tailstock side workpiece 15 to be welded are controlled by the control system. According to the workpiece material to be friction welded, one of the five protection methods is selected, including spraying protective gas and aerosol cooling on the outside of the welding area, spraying protective gas and aerosol cooling inside, spraying protective gas and internal aerosol cooling on the outside, spraying protective gas and internal aerosol cooling inside, spraying protective gas and external aerosol cooling, and spraying protective gas and aerosol cooling inside and outside. A suitable method is selected to start friction welding. During the welding process, protective gas is introduced for protection. After welding is completed, the weld joint is cooled by aerosol cooling. After the weld joint is formed, the welding is completed.

[0042] By arranging an external blowing component on the outside of the welding area of ​​the workpiece to be welded on the spindle side, and an internal blowing component on the inside of the welding area of ​​the workpiece to be welded on the spindle side, and respectively arranging an external gas mist spray component and an internal gas mist spray component on the outside and inside of the welding area of ​​the workpiece to be welded on the tailstock side, five protection modes can be adopted, namely, spraying protective gas and gas mist cooling on the outside of the welding area, spraying protective gas and gas mist cooling inside, spraying protective gas and gas mist cooling on the outside, spraying protective gas and gas mist cooling inside, and spraying protective gas and gas mist cooling inside and outside at the same time. The present invention can select a suitable protection mode according to the welding material, so that the device can perform friction welding processing on workpieces of different materials.

[0043] During the welding process, spraying shielding gas on both sides of the welding area at the same time can effectively prevent oxidation and maintain the cleanliness of the weld joint surface, thereby improving the quality and strength of the weld. The shielding gas forms a gas barrier inside and outside the welding area, which helps to stabilize the temperature of the welding area. Especially under the action of high-temperature friction heat, spraying shielding gas can help control the temperature distribution of the welding joint, reduce the temperature gradient, and is conducive to uniform plastic deformation and uniformity of the welding area. When friction welding is performed on large-diameter and high-thickness workpieces, due to the large surface area of ​​large-diameter and high-thickness workpieces, it is easy to react with oxygen in the air to form oxides, or be polluted by the external environment. Spraying shielding gas is usually an inert gas such as argon, which can effectively wrap the welding area to prevent The entry of oxygen avoids oxidation and contamination of the weld joint and maintains the purity and uniformity of the weld. The spraying of shielding gas forms an environmental atmosphere layer, which helps to stabilize the temperature of the welding area. Especially during friction welding, the weld joint undergoes high temperature and plastic deformation. Spraying shielding gas can control the temperature distribution in the welding area, reduce temperature gradients, contribute to uniform heat input and plastic deformation, and improve welding quality and consistency. Workpieces with large diameters and thicknesses are prone to greater thermal stress and thermal deformation during welding, which may lead to unevenness and shape distortion of the weld joint. Spraying shielding gas helps to slow down the cooling rate of the welding area and reduce the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the welding area, thereby reducing the occurrence of thermal stress and thermal deformation and maintaining the shape and dimensional stability of the weld joint.

[0044] After welding, both sides of the weld joint are rapidly cooled by aerosol spray. During friction welding, the weld joint undergoes high temperature and plastic deformation, which causes local heating of the weld area. Rapid cooling can quickly reduce the temperature of the weld joint, especially the surface temperature of the weld joint, thereby reducing the expansion of the heat-affected zone and avoiding excessive thermal effects and annealing effects on the material. Rapid cooling helps to control the internal structure and grain growth of the weld area. By rapidly reducing the temperature, it can promote the formation of finer grain structures, thereby improving the strength and corrosion resistance of the weld joint and reducing defects inside the weld area. For workpieces with large diameters and large thicknesses, conventional cooling time may be long, while rapid cooling can significantly shorten the cooling time of the weld joint, improve production efficiency, and make the welding process more cost-effective and competitive. Rapid cooling can effectively reduce the shape distortion and residual stress that may be generated in the weld joint during the cooling process. Through rapid cooling, the cooling rate of the weld joint is more uniform, which can reduce the stress concentration caused by uneven shrinkage, thereby reducing the risk of part deformation. Rapid cooling helps to ensure the overall uniformity and consistency of the weld joint. Through rapid cooling, excessive temperature gradients on the surface and inside of the weld joint can be avoided, thereby improving the quality and reliability of the weld joint.

[0045] The external aerosol spray assembly includes an external atomizing nozzle 11 and an external gas nozzle 12, the external atomizing nozzle 11 is connected to the external atomizing nozzle inlet 9, the external gas nozzle 12 is connected to the external gas nozzle inlet 10, the external atomizing nozzle 11 is sleeved on the outside of the external gas nozzle 12, the external atomizing nozzle inlet 9 is sleeved on the outside of the external gas nozzle inlet 10, and the external atomizing nozzle 11 is arranged on the outside of the welding area of ​​the workpiece 5 to be welded on the spindle side.

[0046] The internal aerosol spray assembly includes an atomizing liquid connecting pipe 13, an inert gas connecting pipe 22, an atomizing nozzle 24 and a water mist nozzle 25. The atomizing liquid connecting pipe 13 is arranged on the inner side of the workpiece to be welded 19 on the tailstock side. The inert gas connecting pipe 22 is arranged in the atomizing liquid connecting pipe 13. The air outlet of the inert gas connecting pipe 22 is located in the water mist nozzle 25. The water mist nozzle 25 is connected to the atomizing liquid connecting pipe 13 through a transition joint 21. A plurality of atomizing nozzles 24 are evenly distributed on the outer side of the water mist nozzle 25. The air outlet of the inert gas connecting pipe 22 is provided with a plurality of air outlet holes.

[0047] A partition 23 is provided in the water mist nozzle 25, and the partition 23 is sleeved on the outside of the inert gas connecting pipe 22 and is located at a position where the inert gas connecting pipe 22 has no air outlet. A through hole is provided on the partition 23. The inert gas connecting pipe 22 is connected to the output pipeline of the gas source through the gas nozzle elbow 19, the atomized liquid connecting pipe 13 is connected to the output pipeline of the cooling medium source through the water mist pipe elbow 20, and the inert gas connecting pipe 13 is connected to the output pipeline of the inert gas source.

[0048] The atomized liquid connecting pipe 13 is installed in a U-shaped groove provided on a fixed seat in the movable slide box 1. The fixed seat is connected to a telescopic mechanism 18 through a connecting rod 17. The telescopic mechanism 18 is installed in the movable slide box 6.

[0049] During cooling, the cooling medium enters the water mist nozzle 25 through the atomizing liquid connecting pipe 13, and then the gas flows through the inert gas connecting pipe 22 through the gas outlet and enters the water mist nozzle 25. After the gas and liquid are mixed, the gas mist is sprayed out through the atomizing nozzle 24 to cool the welding joint.

[0050] The external blowing assembly 4 includes a motor 401, a lead screw 402, a blowing support 403, a guide rail 404, a cylinder 405, a connecting rod 406, a semi-ring bracket 407 and a blowing head 408. The blowing support 403 is connected to the driving mechanism. The fixed end of the cylinder 405 is installed on the blowing support 403, and the telescopic end is connected to the semi-ring bracket 407. Both sides of the cylinder 405 are provided with guide rails 404, and the top of the guide rails 404 is installed with a support plate. Both sides of the semi-ring bracket 407 are connected to the support plate through a connecting rod 406, and a plurality of blowing heads 408 are evenly distributed in a ring shape on the inner side of the semi-ring bracket 407, and the plurality of blowing heads 408 are connected to the semi-ring bracket 407 through a blowing head support 409, and the blowing support 403 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 402, and the lead screw 402 is connected to the output shaft of the motor 401 and is installed on the bed 7, and the blowing head 408 is connected to a protective gas source through a protective gas connecting pipeline.

[0051] The extension and retraction of the cylinder 405 can adjust the vertical position of the semi-ring bracket 407 relative to the workpiece 5 to be welded on the main shaft side, and the jet position can be adjusted according to the height of the workpiece to be welded. The motor 401 can adjust the horizontal position of the semi-ring bracket 407 relative to the workpiece 5 to be welded on the main shaft side. The device can adjust the position according to different workpieces to be welded and different welding areas, which can improve the applicability of the device. The spray support 403 is threadedly connected to the screw 402, and the screw 402 is connected to the output shaft of the motor 401 and installed on the bed 7. Start the motor 401 to drive the screw 402 to rotate. Since the spray support 403 is threadedly connected to the screw 402, it can perform reciprocating motion, thereby causing the semi-ring bracket 407 to move back and forth and adjust different positions as required.

[0052] The middle of the blowing head 408 is connected with a direction adjustment connecting rod 410, and the direction adjustment connecting rod 410 is connected to the inner side of the semi-ring bracket 407 through a locking nut 411. By providing the direction adjustment connecting rod 410, the jet angle of the blowing head 408 can be adjusted, and the most suitable jet angle can be used for jetting, further improving the protective effect of the device on the weld area.

[0053] The internal blowing assembly includes an internal jet connecting pipe 26 and an internal jet nozzle 27 . The internal jet nozzle 27 is connected to the internal jet connecting pipe 26 , and the internal protective gas is sprayed out through the internal jet nozzle 27 .

[0054] The external atomizing nozzle 11, the external gas nozzle 12, the atomizing liquid connecting pipe 13, the inert gas connecting pipe 22, the protective gas connecting pipeline and the internal jet connecting pipe 26 are all provided with stop valves, each of which is connected to the control system, and the telescopic mechanism 18 and the motor 401 are both connected to the control system. For each different protection mode, it is necessary to control the opening and closing of the stop valves on different pipelines to achieve conversion between the five modes.

[0055] A working method for a friction welding auxiliary cooling device for thick-walled annular tube components, comprising the following steps:

[0056] Step 1: Before welding, the spindle side workpiece 5 is clamped and fixed by the spindle side fixture 3, and the tailstock side workpiece 15 is clamped and fixed by the tailstock side fixture 14;

[0057] Step 2: Control the welding areas of the external blowing assembly 4, the internal blowing assembly, the external aerosol spray assembly, and the internal aerosol spray assembly on the spindle side of the workpiece 5 and the tailstock side of the workpiece 15 through the control system;

[0058] Step 3: According to the workpiece material to be friction welded, select one of the five protection methods: spraying protective gas and gas mist cooling on the outside of the welding area, spraying protective gas and gas mist cooling on the inside, spraying protective gas and gas mist cooling on the outside, spraying protective gas and gas mist cooling on the inside, spraying protective gas and external gas mist cooling on the inside and outside, and spraying protective gas and gas mist cooling on both the inside and outside. Select the appropriate method and start friction welding;

[0059] Step 4: During the welding process, introduce protective gas for protection;

[0060] Step 5: After welding, use aerosol cooling to cool the weld joint. After the weld joint is formed, the welding is completed.

[0061] The embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help illustrate the present invention. The embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementation methods described. According to the content of this specification, many modifications and changes can be made. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well.

Claims

1. An auxiliary cooling device for friction welding of thick-walled annular tube components, characterized in that: The invention comprises a spindle side box (1), a spindle side fixture (3), an external blowing assembly (4), a spindle side workpiece to be welded (5), a movable slide box (6), a bed (7), a tailstock fixing seat (16), a tailstock side workpiece to be welded (15), an internal blowing assembly, an external aerosol spray assembly and an internal aerosol spray assembly, wherein the spindle side box (1) is mounted on one side of the bed (7), the movable slide box (6) is slidably mounted on the other side of the bed (7) via a movable slide rail (8), the spindle side fixture (3) is mounted in the spindle side box (1) via a spindle fixing seat (2), and the The spindle side workpiece to be welded (5) is clamped and fixed by the spindle side clamp (3), the external blowing assembly (4) is arranged on the outside of the welding area of ​​the spindle side workpiece to be welded (5), the tailstock side clamp (14) is installed in the movable slide box (6) through the tailstock fixing seat (16), the tailstock side workpiece to be welded (15) is clamped and fixed by the tailstock side clamp (14), the internal blowing assembly is arranged on the inside of the welding area of ​​the spindle side workpiece to be welded (5), and the external aerosol spray assembly and the internal aerosol spray assembly are respectively arranged on the outside and inside of the welding area of ​​the tailstock side workpiece to be welded (15).

2. The auxiliary cooling device for friction welding of thick-walled annular pipe components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The external aerosol spray assembly comprises an external atomizing nozzle (11) and an external gas nozzle (12); the external atomizing nozzle (11) is connected to an external atomizing nozzle inlet (9); the external gas nozzle (12) is connected to an external gas nozzle inlet (10); the external atomizing nozzle (11) is sleeved on the outside of the external gas nozzle (12); the external atomizing nozzle inlet (9) is sleeved on the outside of the external gas nozzle inlet (10); and the external atomizing nozzle (11) is arranged on the outside of a welding area of ​​a workpiece (5) to be welded on the spindle side.

3. The auxiliary cooling device for friction welding of thick-walled annular pipe components according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The internal gas mist spraying assembly comprises an atomizing liquid connecting pipe (13), an inert gas connecting pipe (22), an atomizing nozzle (24) and a water mist spray pipe (25); the atomizing liquid connecting pipe (13) is arranged on the inner side of the workpiece (19) to be welded on the tailstock side; an inert gas connecting pipe (22) is arranged inside the atomizing liquid connecting pipe (13); an air outlet of the inert gas connecting pipe (22) is located inside the water mist spray pipe (25); the water mist spray pipe (25) is connected to the atomizing liquid connecting pipe (13) through a transition joint (21); a plurality of atomizing nozzles (24) are evenly distributed on the outer side of the water mist spray pipe (25); and a plurality of air outlet holes are arranged at the air outlet of the inert gas connecting pipe (22).

4. The auxiliary cooling device for friction welding of thick-walled annular pipe components according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The water mist nozzle (25) is provided with a partition (23), the partition (23) is sleeved on the outside of the inert gas connecting pipe (22) and is located at a position of the inert gas connecting pipe (22) without a gas outlet, the partition (23) is provided with a through hole, the inert gas connecting pipe (22) is connected to the output pipeline of the gas source through a gas nozzle elbow (19), the atomized liquid connecting pipe (13) is connected to the output pipeline of the cooling medium source through a water mist pipe elbow (20), and the inert gas connecting pipe (13) is connected to the output pipeline of the inert gas source.

5. The auxiliary cooling device for friction welding of thick-walled annular pipe components according to claim 4, characterized in that: The atomized liquid connecting pipe (13) is installed in a U-shaped groove provided on a fixed seat in the movable slide box (1); the fixed seat is connected to a telescopic mechanism (18) via a connecting rod (17); and the telescopic mechanism (18) is installed in the movable slide box (6).

6. The auxiliary cooling device for friction welding of thick-walled annular pipe components according to claim 5, characterized in that: The external blowing assembly (4) comprises a motor (401), a lead screw (402), a blowing support (403), a guide rail (404), a cylinder (405), a connecting rod (406), a semi-ring support (407) and a blowing head (408). The blowing support (403) is connected to a driving mechanism. The fixed end of the cylinder (405) is mounted on the blowing support (403), and the telescopic end is connected to the semi-ring support (407). Both sides of the cylinder (405) are provided with guide rails (404), and a support plate is installed on the top of the guide rails (404). The two sides of the semi-ring bracket (407) are connected to the support plate through a connecting rod (406), and a plurality of blowing heads (408) are evenly distributed in a ring shape inside the semi-ring bracket (407). The plurality of blowing heads (408) are connected to the semi-ring bracket (407) through a blowing head support (409), the blowing support (403) is threadedly connected to the lead screw (402), the lead screw (402) is connected to the output shaft of the motor (401) and is installed on the bed (7), and the blowing head (408) is connected to a protective gas source through a protective gas connecting pipeline.

7. The auxiliary cooling device for friction welding of thick-walled annular pipe components according to claim 6, characterized in that: A direction-adjusting connecting rod (410) is connected to the middle of the blowing head (408), and the direction-adjusting connecting rod (410) is connected to the inner side of the semi-ring bracket (407) via a locking nut (411).

8. The auxiliary cooling device for friction welding of thick-walled annular pipe components according to claim 7, characterized in that: The internal blowing assembly comprises an internal jet connecting pipe (26) and an internal jet nozzle (27), and the internal jet nozzle (27) is connected to the internal jet connecting pipe (26).

9. The auxiliary cooling device for friction welding of thick-walled annular pipe components according to claim 8, characterized in that: The external atomizing nozzle (11), the external gas nozzle (12), the atomizing liquid connecting pipe (13), the inert gas connecting pipe (22), the protective gas connecting pipeline and the internal jet connecting pipe (26) are all provided with stop valves, each of which is connected to a control system, and the telescopic mechanism (18) and the motor (401) are both connected to the control system.

10. A method for operating the auxiliary cooling device for friction welding of thick-walled annular pipe components according to claim 9, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: Step 1: Before welding, the workpiece to be welded (5) on the spindle side is clamped and fixed by the spindle side clamp (3), and the workpiece to be welded (15) on the tailstock side is clamped and fixed by the tailstock side clamp (14); Step 2: Controlling the welding areas of the external blowing assembly (4), the internal blowing assembly, the external aerosol spray assembly, and the internal aerosol spray assembly on the spindle side of the workpiece to be welded (5) and the tailstock side of the workpiece to be welded (15) through a control system; Step 3: According to the workpiece material to be friction welded, select one of the five protection methods: spraying protective gas and gas mist cooling on the outside of the welding area, spraying protective gas and gas mist cooling on the inside, spraying protective gas and gas mist cooling on the outside, spraying protective gas and gas mist cooling on the inside, spraying protective gas and external gas mist cooling on the inside and outside, and spraying protective gas and gas mist cooling on both the inside and outside. Select the appropriate method and start friction welding; Step 4: During the welding process, introduce protective gas for protection; Step 5: After welding, use aerosol cooling to cool the weld joint. After the weld joint is formed, the welding is completed.

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