A quick pressing fixture for friction stir spot welding and a method of using the same

Abstract

The present invention relates to a quick-pressing fixture for friction stir spot welding and a method for using the same, and relates to the technical field of friction stir spot welding; the fixture comprises a stationary work box and a welding platform integrally connected to the top of the work box, and further comprises a welding base, a welding pressure block, a pneumatic quick-pressing mechanism and a limiting mechanism. The limiting mechanism can clamp welding materials of different sizes, effectively improving the practicality of the quick-pressing fixture, and the limiting mechanism can tighten the weldment to prevent the weldment from rotating during the welding process; the pneumatic quick-pressing mechanism is responsible for applying a predetermined clamping force in the vertical direction to the weldment to ensure the stability of the weldment during the welding process; the welding fixture is designed to improve the efficiency and quality of welding operations, and by simplifying the clamping and disassembly processes of the weldment, the weldment can be quickly clamped and released, thereby reducing the thermal deformation of the weldment during the welding process and improving production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of friction stir spot welding, and in particular to a quick pressing fixture for friction stir spot welding and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The quick-pressing fixture is a fixture specially used for friction stir spot welding technology. Its main function is to fix the welding workpiece, maintain the correct welding position and angle, and provide the necessary pressure and vibration to achieve the effect of friction stir spot welding.

[0003] As a new type of solid phase welding technology, stir friction spot welding technology has attracted widespread attention due to its unique advantages. It uses a rotating welding tool to stir and rub the material, generating heat to plasticize the material, thereby forming a strong joint at the connection interface. Compared with traditional fusion welding, stir friction spot welding technology does not require melting the metal, so the welding deformation is small and the joint performance is excellent. It is especially suitable for the connection of metal materials such as aluminum alloys and magnesium alloys.

[0004] For example, a Chinese patent with the announcement number CN103394803B discloses a stir friction welding tool, which includes a first fixing seat for fixing a workpiece to be welded, a second fixing seat arranged opposite to the first fixing seat for fixing another workpiece to be welded, and a receiving space formed between the first fixing seat and the second fixing seat. The first fixing seat and the second fixing seat respectively include a base block, a supporting surface formed on the upper side of the base block to support the workpiece to be welded, and a plurality of pressing blocks arranged above the supporting surface to fix the workpiece to be welded. The plane where the supporting surface is located divides the receiving space into a first receiving cavity located on the upper side of the supporting surface to receive the workpiece to be welded, and a second receiving cavity located below the supporting surface to selectively receive a welding pad.

[0005] However, the above fixture still has some shortcomings in actual use:

[0006] 1. First, the fixture in the prior art requires manual operation, which can easily lead to difficulty in aligning the welds; and the operating steps of the clamping tooling are relatively complicated. During the processing of the welding material, the existing fixture cannot observe the working trajectory of the stirring head used for spot welding, which can easily lead to the deviation of the spot welding.

[0007] 2. Secondly, the existing clamps cannot ensure that the clamping force applied by each clamp on the welding material is the same, which can easily lead to difficulty in aligning the welds. If the clamping force is too small, the welding material will be displaced or vibrated during the welding process, resulting in poor contact between the welding materials and insufficient plasticization of the welding area, resulting in defects such as incomplete penetration and cold lap. If the clamping force is too large, it will cause excessive deformation of the welding material, increase the stress in the welding area, and affect the welding strength.

[0008] Therefore, under the above-stated viewpoint, there is still room for improvement in the existing clamps. Summary of the invention

[0009] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a quick pressing fixture for stir friction spot welding and a method for using the same, which adopts the following technical solutions:

[0010] In the first aspect, the present application proposes a quick pressing fixture for stir friction spot welding, including a stationary work box and a welding platform integrally connected to the top of the work box, a welding base, having a positioning groove for precise placement of welding materials, and an opening formed on one side of the positioning groove, a plurality of parallel T-slots for horizontal sliding of the welding base are provided on the welding platform, and a guide groove integrally connected to the positioning groove is also provided on the welding base, and a limited sliding plate is slidably connected in the guide groove of the welding base.

[0011] The welding pressing block is pressed against the welding base and presses down and limits the welding material located in the positioning groove of the welding base, and the welding pressing block is movably distributed.

[0012] The pneumatic quick-pressing mechanism is used for clamping the welding material; the pneumatic quick-pressing mechanism is symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the welding platform on both sides along the width direction of the welding platform.

[0013] The pneumatic quick pressing mechanism includes a supporting base, a pneumatic cylinder, a crank, a supporting frame, a pressure block and a No. 1 pressure sensor. The supporting base is symmetrically installed on the top of the welding platform on both sides along the length direction. The pneumatic cylinder is hingedly installed on one side of the supporting base, and the output end of the pneumatic cylinder extends outward at an angle. The crank is hingedly installed on the supporting base through the supporting frame, and one side of the crank is hinged to the output end of the pneumatic cylinder, and the other side of the crank is hinged to the pressure block. The bottom of the pressure block has a No. 1 pressure sensor for real-time monitoring of the extrusion pressure of the welding pressure block, and the pressure block and the No. 1 pressure sensor always remain in a horizontal state.

[0014] The pressing block is also provided with an adsorption mechanism, which includes an air suction machine, a wire and a trigger rod. The air suction machine is arranged on one side opposite to the two pressing blocks, and an air suction port is opened at one end of the pressing block close to the air suction machine.

[0015] A wire is installed on the back side of the vacuum machine, and two trigger metal sheets are arranged in the middle of the wire. The two trigger metal sheets are symmetrically arranged in the pressure block along the height direction of the pressure block. The trigger metal sheet on one side is slidably arranged, and the trigger metal sheet on the other side is against the inner wall of the pressure block. A trigger rod is against the sliding trigger metal sheet, and the trigger rod slides through the pressure block and extends in the direction of the welding pressure block.

[0016] One side of the trigger rod is also connected to a linkage rod, and one end of the linkage rod away from the trigger rod is provided with an opening and closing door slidably mounted on the air intake port of the pressure block, and a reset tension spring is connected between the opening and closing door and the pressure block.

[0017] Preferably, the middle portion of the welding block has a truncated cone groove for the stirring head required for welding to move along the height direction of the welding platform for spot welding, and the truncated cone groove of the welding block is also integrated with a V-shaped groove for observing the entire welding process.

[0018] Preferably, a limiting mechanism for controlling the movement of the limiting sliding plate on the welding base is also provided on one side thereof, and the limiting mechanism includes a sliding base plate, a stepper motor, a coupling and a screw rod; the sliding base plate is slidably set on the T-slot of the welding platform, the stepper motor is slidably set on the sliding base plate, and a strip-shaped sliding groove for the stepper motor to slide is opened on the sliding base plate, a screw rod is installed on the output end of the stepper motor through a coupling, and the screw rod extends in the direction of the limiting sliding plate.

[0019] Preferably, a No. 2 pressure sensor is installed on one end of the limiting sliding plate away from the screw rod.

[0020] Preferably, a screw fixing block is also provided on the welding base, the screw is threaded and penetrates the screw fixing block, and one side of the screw extends toward the limiting sliding plate on the welding base, and the screw fixing block is assembled by bolts.

[0021] Preferably, one end of the screw rod close to the limiting sliding plate is also integrally connected with a clamping block, the clamping block is plugged into the limiting sliding plate, and the limiting sliding plate is provided with a plugging groove for the clamping block to be plugged into, the clamping block and the limiting sliding plate are jointly provided with a limiting circular hole, and a connecting bolt is provided in the limiting circular hole.

[0022] Preferably, the welding base and the sliding base plate are arranged in the T-slot of the welding platform through bolts and nuts.

[0023] Preferably, a movable groove is provided on a side of the support base close to the pressing block for the crank to rotate.

[0024] In the second aspect, the present application also proposes a method for using a quick press fixture for stir friction spot welding, and the method for using the quick press fixture is shown in:

[0025] S1. Welding material placement: placing the welding material to be processed on the welding base, and then controlling the limiting sliding plate on the welding base to move in the direction of the welding material until the limiting sliding plate abuts against the side wall of the welding material;

[0026] S2. Initial clamping of welding material: after the welding material is squeezed and limited by the limiting sliding plate, the welding pressing block is placed on the surface of the welding material, and the welding pressing block is located in the middle of the welding material;

[0027] S3. Secondary clamping of welding consumables: The pneumatic quick-press mechanism is activated to press down the welding block, so that the welding block performs secondary limiting on the welding consumables at its bottom.

[0028] S4. Welding consumable processing: After the welding consumables are clamped and limited, start the stirring head to perform spot welding operations on the welding consumables until the welding is completed, and then take out the welding consumables that have completed spot welding.

[0029] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0030] First, the present invention can clamp welding consumables of different sizes through the limit sliding plate and the limit mechanism, effectively improving the practicability of the fixture of the present application. Moreover, the limit mechanism is used to drive the limit sliding plate to move linearly along the guide groove to fasten the welding consumables and prevent the welding consumables from rotating during the welding process. The present application also proposes a pressing block and a pneumatic quick-press mechanism. The pneumatic quick-press mechanism is responsible for applying a predetermined pressing force in the vertical direction to the welding consumables to ensure the stability of the welding consumables during the welding process.

[0031] Second, through the cooperation of the pneumatic quick-press mechanism and the limit mechanism, the present invention can realize the automatic clamping of welding consumables. Compared with the traditional technology, it can greatly improve the clamping efficiency of welding consumables, and through the pressure monitoring of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor, it can effectively improve the clamping stability of welding consumables.

[0032] Third, the welding fixture design of the present invention aims to improve the efficiency and quality of welding operations. By simplifying the clamping and disassembling processes of welding consumables, it realizes the quick clamping and release of welding consumables, thereby reducing the thermal deformation of welding consumables during the welding process and improving production efficiency.

[0033] Fourth, the unique V-shaped through groove of the welding block in the present application helps to observe the welding process and combine with external temperature measurement equipment to monitor the real-time welding temperature, which is convenient for subsequent optimization of process parameters. Description of the Drawings

[0034] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0035] Figure 1 is the schematic diagram of the main structure of the quick-press fixture of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 is the schematic diagram of the second perspective structure of the quick-press fixture of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 3 is the schematic diagram of the first perspective structure between the welding base and the support base of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 4 is the schematic diagram of the second perspective structure between the welding base and the support base of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the welding pressing block of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure between the limiting sliding plate and the limiting mechanism of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 7 It is a first-view structural schematic diagram of the pneumatic quick-pressing mechanism of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 8 It is a second perspective structural schematic diagram of the pneumatic quick pressing mechanism of the present invention.

[0043] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure among the welding pressing block, the pressing block, the stirring head and the welding material of the present invention.

[0044] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the welding base of the present invention.

[0045] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure between the welding base and the adjusting member of the present invention.

[0046] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the structure between the pressing block and the adsorption mechanism of the present invention.

[0047] Fig.13 It is a schematic structural diagram of the adsorption mechanism of the present invention from a first viewing angle.

[0048] Fig.14 It is a schematic structural diagram of the adsorption mechanism of the present invention from a second viewing angle.

[0049] Fig.15 The present invention is a flowchart of the use of the quick-pressing fixture for friction stir spot welding.

[0050] Description of reference numerals: A, welding material; B, rivet; C, stirring head; 1, working box; 2, welding platform; 3, welding base; 30, positioning groove; 20, T-slot; 31, guide groove; 32, limit sliding plate; 4, welding pressure block; 5, pneumatic quick pressing mechanism; 40, round table through groove; 41, V-shaped through groove; 50, supporting base; 51, pneumatic cylinder; 52, crank handle; 53, supporting frame; 54, pressure block; 55, No. 1 pressure sensor; 6, limit mechanism; 60, sliding bottom plate; 61. Stepper motor; 62. Coupling; 63. Screw; 33. No. 2 pressure sensor; 64. Screw fixing block; 65. Clamping block; 66. Insertion groove; 67. Limiting circular hole; 68. Connecting bolt; 7. Adjusting piece; 70. Adjusting plate; 71. Connecting block; 72. Adjusting screw; 8. Adsorption mechanism; 80. Air suction machine; 81. Wire; 82. Trigger rod; 83. Trigger metal sheet; 84. Air suction port; 85. Linkage rod; 86. Reset spring; 87. Opening and closing door. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The following is combined with Figure 1-Figure 15 This application is described in further detail.

[0052] With the continuous advancement of modern industrial technology, the demand for high-strength and lightweight material connection technology is growing. In particular, in high-end manufacturing fields such as automobile manufacturing, aerospace, and rail transportation, higher requirements are placed on the material connection process. The connection quality of these materials is directly related to the safety and reliability of the product. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop efficient and high-quality connection technology.

[0053] As a new type of solid phase welding technology, stir friction spot welding technology has attracted widespread attention due to its unique advantages. Stir friction spot welding technology uses a rotating welding tool to stir and rub the material, generating heat to plasticize the material, thereby forming a strong joint at the connection interface. Compared with traditional fusion welding, stir friction spot welding technology does not require melting metal, so the welding deformation is small and the joint performance is excellent. It is especially suitable for the connection of metal materials such as aluminum alloys and magnesium alloys.

[0054] However, the friction stir spot welding technology still faces some challenges in practical application. The magnitude and uniformity of the clamping force also cannot be ignored in the final welding effect of welding material A. Too small a clamping force may cause welding material A to shift or vibrate during the welding process, resulting in poor contact between the plates, insufficient plasticization of the welding area, and defects such as incomplete penetration and cold lap.

[0055] Applying excessive clamping force to prevent welding material A from rotating during welding may cause excessive deformation of welding material A, increase stress in the welding area, lead to internal cracks and other defects in the welded joint, and even damage welding material A. Uneven clamping force may lead to uneven plasticization of the welding area, stress concentration in the welded joint, reduce the fatigue life of the joint, and instability during welding, increasing the risk of welding defects.

[0056] This requires that the welding fixture must have sufficient rigidity and uniform clamping force, and precise control of the clamping force and welding position can ensure the repeatability of the welding sample. In the traditional stir friction spot welding process, multiple sets of fixtures and bolts are required to fix the welding material A before welding. This process is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also has poor positioning accuracy and low welding efficiency. In addition, the stability and repeatability of traditional fixtures during the welding process are also difficult to guarantee, which limits the widespread application of stir friction spot welding technology in industrial production.

[0057] Based on the above problems, in order to obtain high-quality stir friction spot welding joints, the present invention proposes a new type of quick pressing clamp; the design of the clamp takes into account the ease of operation, clamping stability, welding efficiency and repeatable welding, and through innovative structural design and intelligent control strategy, it achieves fast and precise clamping of welding, significantly improving the processability and production efficiency of stir friction spot welding. Embodiment 1:

[0058] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a quick-pressing fixture for stir friction spot welding comprises a stationary working box 1 and a welding platform 2 integrally connected to the top of the working box 1.

[0059] The welding base 3 has a positioning groove 30 for accurately placing the welding material A, and an opening is formed on one side of the positioning groove 30. A plurality of parallel T-slots 20 are provided on the welding platform 2 for horizontal sliding of the welding base 3. The welding base 3 is also provided with a guide groove 31 integrally connected with the positioning groove 30. A limited sliding plate 32 is slidably connected in the guide groove 31 of the welding base 3.

[0060] It should be noted that the working box 1 is arranged on the ground and can be moved, and a storage space for storing sundries is provided on the working box 1 .

[0061] The welding pressure block 4 rests against the welding base 3 and presses down the welding material A located in the positioning groove 30 of the welding base 3 to limit the position. The welding pressure block 4 is movably distributed; the pneumatic quick pressing mechanism 5 is used to clamp the welding material A; the pneumatic quick pressing mechanism 5 is symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the welding platform 2 on both sides along the width direction.

[0062] The welding base 3 is clamped in the T-slot 20 on the welding platform 2 by the cooperation of bolts and nuts, and the position of the welding base 3 fixed on the welding platform 2 can be adjusted by rotating the bolts and nuts.

[0063] During the specific implementation process: first, the pre-assembled welding material A is placed in the positioning groove 30 on the welding base 3, and at the same time, one side of the welding material A is pressed against the side wall of the positioning groove 30 of the welding base 3, and then the limiting mechanism 6 is used to control the limiting sliding plate 32 to move along the guide groove 31 of the welding base 3 toward the welding material A placed thereon, until the limiting sliding plate 32 presses against the other side of the welding material A. The limiting sliding plate 32 contacts the welding material A without applying pre-tightening force.

[0064] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, a No. 2 pressure sensor 33 is installed at one end of the limit sliding plate 32 away from the screw rod 63; it should be noted that a No. 2 pressure sensor 33 is arranged on the side of the limit sliding plate 32 close to the welding material A. When the limit sliding plate 32 moves toward the welding material A, the limit sliding plate 32 limits the welding material A through the No. 2 pressure sensor 33, and after the No. 2 pressure sensor 33 contacts the welding material A, it can record the pressure of the side wall of the welding material A in real time to keep the pressure within a reasonable range.

[0065] The purpose is to avoid applying too much or too little pressure to welding material A. Excessive pressure on welding material A will cause excessive deformation of welding material A, increase the stress in the welding area, and cause the firmness of the weld to deteriorate.

[0066] In the above, the movement of the limiting sliding plate 32 is controlled by the limiting mechanism 6, as follows.

[0067] Look again Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a limiting mechanism 6 for controlling the movement of the limiting sliding plate 32 on the welding base 3 is also provided on one side thereof. The limiting mechanism 6 includes a sliding base plate 60 , a stepping motor 61 , a coupling 62 and a screw rod 63 .

[0068] The sliding base plate 60 is slidably set on the T-slot 20 of the welding platform 2, the stepper motor 61 is slidably set on the sliding base plate 60, and a strip slide groove for the stepper motor 61 to slide is opened on the sliding base plate 60, and a screw rod 63 is installed on the output end of the stepper motor 61 through a coupling 62, and the screw rod 63 extends in the direction of the limiting sliding plate 32.

[0069] It should be noted that the sliding base plate 60 is fixed on the welding platform 2 by the pre-tightening force of the bolts and nuts.

[0070] The stepper motor 61 is a known structure that can rotate according to a predetermined step length and is generally used in applications that control precise positions or angles. The operation of the stepper motor 61 is achieved by controlling the current flowing through different phases of the motor. Each time a current pulse is given, the motor rotates a fixed step angle. The stepper motor 61 has the advantages of precise position control, high torque and low speed operation, and is therefore widely used in many automation equipment and robot systems.

[0071] During the specific implementation process, the stepper motor 61 is started to drive the screw rod 63 to rotate coaxially. When the stepper motor 61 is running, it will make a linear motion in the strip groove of the sliding base plate 60 along the axial direction of the screw rod 63. At the same time, the other end of the screw rod 63 pushes the limiting sliding plate 32 to fix the welding material A. After fixing, the stepper motor 61 is turned off.

[0072] After the limiting sliding plate 32 squeezes and limits the welding material A, in order to ensure the stability of spot welding, the present application also proposes a welding pressing block 4.

[0073] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the structure of the welding block 4; specifically, the welding block 4 rests on the welding base 3 and presses down the welding material A located in the positioning groove 30 of the welding base 3 to limit the position, and the welding block 4 is movably distributed; the middle part of the welding block 4 has a truncated cone through groove 40 for the stirring head C required for welding to move along the height direction of the welding platform 2 for spot welding, and the truncated cone through groove 40 of the welding block 4 is also integrated with a V-shaped through groove 41 for observing the entire welding process.

[0074] It should be noted that the welding block 4 is a T-shaped structure, and the middle portion of the welding block 4 protrudes outward by a certain distance, so as to be able to clamp welding materials A of different thicknesses.

[0075] When the thickness of the welding material A is smaller than the height of the positioning groove 30 of the welding base 3, the outwardly protruding portion of the bottom of the welding pressing block 4 can penetrate into the positioning groove 30 to press the welding material A downward to limit the position.

[0076] The welding base 3 is designed with a positioning groove 30 and a guide groove 31, wherein the positioning groove 30 is combined with the limiting sliding plate 32 to ensure the precise alignment of the welding material A during the welding process; the design of the guide groove 31 provides a linear motion path for the limiting sliding plate 32, ensuring that the pressure block 54 can be smoothly and accurately moved to the welding position during the pressure application process, thereby achieving efficient and uniform clamping.

[0077] After the limiting sliding plate 32 abuts against one side of the welding material A, the welding block 4 is placed on the upper surface of the welding material A, and the conical groove 40 of the welding block 4 is aligned with the gap between the two welding materials A, and the V-shaped groove 41 of the welding block 4 is facing outward, so that external observers can observe the entire process of rapid connection of the two welding materials A by stir friction spot welding through the V-shaped groove 41.

[0078] After the welding block 4 is placed on the upper surface of the welding material A, the pneumatic quick pressing mechanism 5 is started to further fix it through the pneumatic quick pressing mechanism 5 to ensure the stability of the welding material A.

[0079] It should be noted that when the limiting sliding plate 32 approaches the welding material A to clamp the welding material A, the limiting sliding plate 32 and the screw rod 63 can be disassembled. When it comes to welding materials A of different sizes and shapes, limiting sliding plates 32 of different shapes can be replaced. Therefore, the limiting sliding plate 32 needs to be quickly disassembled and installed, so the present application proposes a clamping block 65.

[0080] See also Figure 4, Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a screw fixing block 64 is also provided on the welding base 3, the screw 63 is screwed and penetrates the screw fixing block 64, and one side of the screw 63 extends toward the limiting sliding plate 32 on the welding base 3, and the screw fixing block 64 is assembled by bolts.

[0081] The rotation of the screw rod 63 can control the screw rod fixing block 64 and the limiting sliding plate 32 screwed thereto to move synchronously.

[0082] It should be noted that the threaded cooperation between the screw rod 63 and the screw rod fixing block 64 is to utilize its self-locking function to prevent the limiting sliding plate 32 from retreating during the welding process, and at the same time to achieve slow retreat.

[0083] One end of the screw rod 63 close to the limit sliding plate 32 is also integrally connected with a clamping block 65, the clamping block 65 is inserted into the limit sliding plate 32, and the limit sliding plate 32 is provided with a plug-in groove 66 for the clamping block 65 to be inserted, and the clamping block 65 and the limit sliding plate 32 are jointly provided with a limit circular hole 67, and a connecting bolt 68 is provided in the limit circular hole 67.

[0084] During the specific implementation process, in the initial state, a clamping block 65 is integrally provided at one end of the screw rod 63 close to the limiting sliding plate 32, and the clamping block 65 can be movably inserted into the limiting sliding plate 32. After the clamping block 65 is inserted into the insertion groove 66 on the limiting sliding plate 32, the connecting bolt 68 is rotated so that the connecting bolt 68 can be passed between the clamping block 65 and the limiting sliding plate 32 to ensure the stability of the connection between the screw rod 63 and the limiting sliding plate 32.

[0085] See also Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 , which is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pneumatic quick pressing mechanism 5 in the present application; the pneumatic quick pressing mechanism 5 includes a supporting base 50, a pneumatic cylinder 51, a crank 52, a supporting frame 53, a pressing block 54 and a No. 1 pressure sensor 55.

[0086] The support base 50 is symmetrically installed on both sides of the length direction of the welding platform 2 at its top, the pneumatic cylinder 51 is hingedly installed on one side of the support base 50, and the output end of the pneumatic cylinder 51 extends outward at an angle, the crank handle 52 is hingedly installed on the support base 50 through the support frame 53, and one side of the crank handle 52 is hinged to the output end of the pneumatic cylinder 51, and the other side of the crank handle 52 is hinged to the pressure block 54, and the bottom of the pressure block 54 has a No. 1 pressure sensor 55 for real-time monitoring of the squeezing pressure of the welding pressure block 4, and the pressure block 54 and the No. 1 pressure sensor 55 always remain in a horizontal state.

[0087] It should be noted that the No. 1 pressure sensor 55 is a known structure, which is the same as the No. 2 pressure sensor 33 . The No. 1 pressure sensor 55 can detect the pressure of the pressure block 54 on the welding pressure block 4 .

[0088] During the specific implementation process, after the welding block 4 is placed on the upper surface of the welding material A, the pneumatic cylinder 51 is started, and the output end of the pneumatic cylinder 51 pushes one side of the crank 52 to move upward, while the middle part of the crank 52 rotates around the supporting point of the support frame 53, and further, the block 54 arranged at the other end of the crank 52 moves downward, so that the block 54 and the No. 1 pressure sensor 55 at the bottom of the block 54 move toward the direction of the welding block 4 until the No. 1 pressure sensor 55 abuts against the welding block 4, so that the welding block 4 is squeezed and fixed by two symmetrically distributed No. 1 pressure sensors 55, further prompting the welding block 4 to abut against the welding material A.

[0089] High-pressure gas is introduced into the pneumatic cylinder 51, and the piston rod of the pneumatic cylinder 51 extends from the cylinder body, driving one side of the rocker connected to the top of the piston rod to rise, and then one end of the rocker connected to the pressure block 54 descends; the high-pressure gas is released from the pneumatic cylinder 51 and continues to be evacuated to form a negative pressure in the pneumatic cylinder 51, and the piston rod shrinks into the cylinder body, thereby driving the rocker 52 on the side connected to the piston rod to descend, and finally the pressure block 54 is lifted up and separated from the welding pressure block 4.

[0090] The welding material A in this application involves two pieces, see Fig. 9 Align and overlap the circular holes of the two welding materials A, then insert the rivet B into the overlapping circular holes of the two, align and limit the position with the quick pressing fixture of the present application, and stir friction spot weld the position of the rivet B with the stirring head C until the two welding materials A are fixed. Embodiment 2:

[0091] Reference Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, on the basis of Example 1, in order to further ensure the efficiency and practicality of the quick pressing clamp in the present application, the present application proposes an adjusting member 7, through which the quick pressing clamp in the present application can effectively ensure that the welding materials A of different sizes can be clamped, thereby greatly improving the practicality of the present application; specifically, an adjusting member 7 for adjusting the size of the positioning groove 30 is also provided on the positioning groove 30 of the welding base 3, and the adjusting member 7 includes an adjusting plate 70 slidably arranged on one side of the welding base 3, a connecting block 71 and an adjusting screw 72, the adjusting screw 72 is screwed to the end of the welding base 3 away from the screw fixing block 64, and a connecting block 71 is installed on the adjusting screw 72, and the connecting block 71 is connected to the adjusting plate 70.

[0092] In the present application, the welding material A is mainly placed in the positioning groove 30 of the welding base 3, and welding materials A of different sizes can be placed by adjusting the size of the positioning groove 30.

[0093] To adjust the size of the positioning slot 30 , the adjusting screw 72 needs to be rotated, and the adjusting screw 72 is used to control the adjusting plate 70 to move away from the limiting sliding plate 32 until the size of the positioning slot 30 is adjusted to a specified size. Embodiment three:

[0094] Reference Fig.12 , Fig.13 and Fig.14 As shown, on the basis of the second embodiment, the efficiency of stir friction spot welding is further improved. The present application further proposes an adsorption mechanism 8, which is arranged on the pressing block 54. When the pressing block 54 abuts against the welding pressing block 4, the adsorption mechanism 8 automatically opens and starts to absorb gas, so that the vicinity of the truncated cone groove 40 of the welding pressing block 4 is in a negative pressure state, so that the smoke gas near it is adsorbed; specifically, the pressing block 54 is also provided with an adsorption mechanism 8, the adsorption mechanism 8 includes an aspirator 80, a wire 81 and a trigger rod 82, the aspirator 80 is arranged on the opposite side of the two pressing blocks 54, and an aspirator port 84 is opened at one end of the pressing block 54 close to the aspirator 80.

[0095] A wire 81 is installed on the back side of the vacuum machine 80, and two trigger metal sheets 83 are arranged in the middle of the wire 81. The two trigger metal sheets 83 are symmetrically arranged in the pressure block 54 along the height direction of the pressure block 54. The trigger metal sheet 83 on one side is slidably arranged, and the trigger metal sheet 83 on the other side is against the inner wall of the pressure block 54. A trigger rod 82 is against the sliding trigger metal sheet 83, and the trigger rod 82 slides through the pressure block 54 and extends in the direction of the welding pressure block 4.

[0096] A linkage rod 85 is also connected to one side of the trigger rod 82. An end of the linkage rod 85 away from the trigger rod 82 is provided with an opening and closing door 87 slidably mounted on the air inlet 84 of the pressure block 54. A reset tension spring 86 is connected between the opening and closing door 87 and the pressure block 54.

[0097] It should be noted that, in the initial state, the opening and closing door 87 covers the air inlet 84 of the pressing block 54 , thereby covering the air inlet 84 .

[0098] During the specific implementation process, when the pressing block 54 is pressed downward on the welding pressing block 4, the trigger rod 82 at the bottom of the pressing block 54 is squeezed and moved toward the inside of the pressing block 54. At this time, the trigger rod 82 controls the opening and closing door 87 to move upward through the linkage rod 85, so that the opening and closing door 87 of the pressing block 54 opens, preparing for rapid cooling to absorb the high temperature generated by spot welding.

[0099] When the trigger rod 82 is moved upward until the trigger metal sheet 83 at the top thereof contacts the trigger metal sheet 83 in the pressure block 54, the vacuum pump 80 is powered on and starts working, generating a strong suction force to absorb the air near the welding pressure block 4 into the vacuum pump 80; when the stirring head C performs rotational friction spot welding, it will generate a certain high temperature, causing the temperature around the stirring head C to gradually rise, and the high-temperature gas surrounds the stirring head C. At the same time, because the truncated cone groove 40 of the welding pressure block 4 surrounds the high-temperature gas, the high-temperature gas diffuses more slowly, which is further not conducive to the cooling of the welding material A after spot welding.

[0100] Therefore, after the vacuum machine 80 is started, it quickly absorbs gas, causing the gas near the suction port 84 to flow, thereby indirectly driving the high-temperature gas generated around the stirring head C to flow, until the high-temperature gas generated by spot welding around the stirring head C is quickly extracted, thereby playing a role in cooling the weld A connected by spot welding, accelerating the cooling and shaping speed of the weld after spot welding, and indirectly improving the welding efficiency of the weld A.

[0101] After the spot welding of the welding material A is completed, the pressing block 54 moves upward away from the welding pressing block 4. At this time, the vacuum machine 80 automatically cuts off the power and stops sucking air. Then the air intake port 84 of the pressing block 54 is closed to prevent external foreign matter from entering the air intake port 84.

[0102] See also Fig.15 As shown, in addition, the present application also provides a method for using a quick pressing fixture for stir friction spot welding, which is specifically shown as follows:

[0103] S1. Welding material placement: Place the welding material A to be processed on the welding base 3, and then control the limiting sliding plate 32 on the welding base 3 to move in the direction of the welding material A until the limiting sliding plate 32 abuts against the side wall of the welding material A.

[0104] S2. Preliminary clamping of the welding material: After the welding material A is squeezed and limited by the limiting sliding plate 32, the welding pressing block 4 is placed on the surface of the welding material A, and the welding pressing block 4 is located in the middle of the welding material A.

[0105] S3, secondary clamping of welding material: the pneumatic quick pressing mechanism 5 is started to press down the welding pressing block 4, so that the welding pressing block 4 performs secondary positioning of the welding material A at the bottom thereof.

[0106] S4. Welding material processing: After the welding material A is limited by the limiting sliding plate 32 and the pressing block 54, the stirring head C is started to perform spot welding on the welding material A. At the same time, the air intake port 84 of the pressing block 54 is opened, and the suction machine 80 inside it is powered on and starts working to suck out the high-temperature gas generated by the stirring head C during spot welding, thereby accelerating the cooling speed of the welding material A after spot welding, and finally the welding material A that has been spot welded can be taken out after the welding is completed.

[0107] The embodiments of this specific implementation method are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A quick-pressing fixture for friction stir spot welding, comprising a stationary working box (1) and a welding platform (2) integrally connected to the top of the working box (1), characterized in that: The welding base (3) has a positioning groove (30) for accurately placing welding materials, and one side of the positioning groove (30) forms an opening. The welding platform (2) is provided with a plurality of parallel T-shaped grooves (20) for horizontal sliding of the welding base (3). The welding base (3) is also provided with a guide groove (31) integrally connected with the positioning groove (30). A limited sliding plate (32) is slidably connected in the guide groove (31) of the welding base (3); A welding pressing block (4) is pressed against the welding base (3) and presses down the welding material in the positioning groove (30) of the welding base (3) to limit the position, and the welding pressing block (4) is movably distributed; A pneumatic quick-pressing mechanism (5) is used to clamp the welding material; the pneumatic quick-pressing mechanism (5) is symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the welding platform (2) along both sides of the width direction thereof; the pneumatic quick-pressing mechanism (5) comprises a support base (50), a pneumatic cylinder (51), a crank handle (52), a support frame (53), a pressure block (54) and a No. 1 pressure sensor (55); The support base (50) is symmetrically mounted on the top of the welding platform (2) on both sides along the length direction thereof, the pneumatic cylinder (51) is hingedly mounted on one side of the support base (50), and the output end of the pneumatic cylinder (51) extends outwardly at an angle, the crank (52) is hingedly mounted on the support base (50) through a support frame (53), and one side of the crank (52) is hingedly mounted on the output end of the pneumatic cylinder (51), and the other side of the crank (52) is hingedly mounted on the pressure block (54), and the bottom of the pressure block (54) has a No. 1 pressure sensor (55) for real-time monitoring of the pressure of the welding pressure block (4), and the pressure block (54) and the No. 1 pressure sensor (55) are always kept in a horizontal state; The pressing block (54) is also provided with an adsorption mechanism (8), the adsorption mechanism (8) comprising an air suction machine (80), a wire (81) and a trigger rod (82), the air suction machine (80) being provided on one side opposite to the two pressing blocks (54), and an air suction port (84) being provided at one end of the pressing block (54) close to the air suction machine (80); A wire (81) is installed on the back side of the suction machine (80), and two trigger metal sheets (83) are arranged in the middle of the wire (81). The two trigger metal sheets (83) are symmetrically arranged in the pressure block (54) along the height direction of the pressure block (54), and the trigger metal sheet (83) on one side is slidably arranged, and the trigger metal sheet (83) on the other side abuts against the inner wall of the pressure block (54). A trigger rod (82) abuts against the slidably arranged trigger metal sheet (83), and the trigger rod (82) slides through the pressure block (54) and extends in the direction of the welding pressure block (4); one side of the trigger rod (82) is also connected to a linkage rod (85), and an opening and closing door (87) slidably installed on the suction port (84) of the pressure block (54) is provided at one end of the linkage rod (85) away from the trigger rod (82), and a reset tension spring (86) is connected between the opening and closing door (87) and the pressure block (54).

2. A quick pressing fixture for stir friction spot welding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle part of the welding pressing block (4) has a truncated cone through groove (40) for the stirring head required for welding to move along the height direction of the welding platform (2) for spot welding, and the truncated cone through groove (40) of the welding pressing block (4) is also integrated with a V-shaped through groove (41) for observing the entire welding process.

3. The fast pressing fixture for stir friction spot welding according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting mechanism (6) for controlling the movement of the limiting sliding plate (32) on the welding base (3) is also provided on one side thereof, the limiting mechanism (6) comprising a sliding base plate (60), a stepping motor (61), a coupling (62) and a screw rod (63); the sliding base plate (60) is slidably arranged on the T-slot (20) of the welding platform (2); the stepping motor (61) is slidably arranged on the sliding base plate (60); a strip-shaped sliding groove for the stepping motor (61) to slide is provided on the sliding base plate (60); a screw rod (63) is installed on the output end of the stepping motor (61) via the coupling (62), and the screw rod (63) extends in the direction of the limiting sliding plate (32).

4. The fast pressing fixture for stir friction spot welding according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second pressure sensor (33) is mounted on one end of the limit sliding plate (32) away from the screw rod (63).

5. The fast pressing fixture for stir friction spot welding according to claim 3, characterized in that: The welding base (3) is also provided with a screw fixing block (64), the screw (63) is threadedly connected to and penetrates the screw fixing block (64), and one side of the screw (63) extends in the direction of the limiting sliding plate (32) on the welding base (3), and the screw fixing block (64) is assembled by bolts.

6. The fast pressing fixture for friction stir spot welding according to claim 5, characterized in that: One end of the screw rod (63) close to the limiting sliding plate (32) is also integrally connected with a clamping block (65), the clamping block (65) is plugged into the limiting sliding plate (32), and the limiting sliding plate (32) is provided with a plugging groove (66) for the clamping block (65) to be plugged into, and the clamping block (65) and the limiting sliding plate (32) are jointly provided with a limiting circular hole (67), and a connecting bolt (68) is provided in the limiting circular hole (67).

7. The fast pressing fixture for friction stir spot welding according to claim 3, characterized in that: The welding base (3) and the sliding base plate (60) are arranged in the T-shaped slot (20) of the welding platform (2) via bolts and nuts.

8. The fast pressing fixture for friction stir spot welding according to claim 1, characterized in that: A movable groove is provided on one side of the support base (50) close to the pressing block (54) for the crank (52) to rotate.

9. A method for using a quick-pressing fixture for friction stir spot welding, using a quick-pressing fixture for friction stir spot welding as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: S1. Placing welding material: placing the welding material to be processed on the welding base (3), and then controlling the limiting sliding plate (32) on the welding base (3) to move in the direction where the welding material is located until the limiting sliding plate (32) abuts against the side wall of the welding material; S2, initial clamping of the welding material: after the welding material is squeezed and limited by the limiting sliding plate (32), the welding pressing block (4) is placed on the surface of the welding material, and the welding pressing block (4) is located in the middle of the welding material; S3, initial clamping of welding material: the pneumatic quick-pressing mechanism (5) is started to press the welding pressing block (4) downward, so that the welding pressing block (4) performs secondary positioning of the welding material at its bottom; S4. Welding material processing: After the welding material is clamped and limited, start the stirring head to perform spot welding on the welding material until the welding is completed, and then take out the spot-welded welding material.

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