A microbial agent for repairing aquaculture environment and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of water body repair, and specifically discloses a microbial agent for repairing an aquaculture environment and a preparation method thereof. The microbial agent for repairing an aquaculture environment is composed of microorganisms and a water-soluble pouch containing microorganisms, wherein the microorganisms include the following components in parts by weight: 10-50 parts of microbial strains, 30-50 parts of nutrients, 5-10 parts of stabilizers, 5-10 parts of binders, and 3-5 cross-linking agents, and the water-soluble pouch includes the following components in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of carboxyl-modified polyvinyl alcohol, 20-50 parts of starch, 10-20 parts of gelatin, 10-20 parts of water, 1-10 parts of betaine, 1-3 parts of sodium stearate, and 3-8 parts of inorganic fillers. The microbial agent provided in the present application has the effect of improving the survival rate and stability of strains, and can effectively repair and improve the aquaculture water environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of water body restoration, and more specifically, to a microbial agent for restoring an aquaculture environment and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Due to the reduction of wild fishery resources, aquatic products mainly rely on intensive aquaculture models. Intensive aquaculture is a high-density aquaculture system characterized by high input of artificial feed. Compared with traditional aquaculture models, intensive aquaculture has the advantages of high output per unit water body, short aquaculture cycle, and high labor efficiency. However, in this intensive and high-density aquaculture, the amount of leftover bait and excrement exceeds the natural decomposition capacity of microorganisms in the aquaculture pond, which often breaks the microecological balance of the water body, leading to an increase in organic matter, nitrogen, and phosphorus in the water, deterioration of water quality, and serious pollution.

[0003] In aquaculture, the maintenance of water quality is one of the key factors to ensure the healthy growth and high yield of farmed organisms. However, most of the current freshwater and marine aquaculture adopts the method of "closed and semi-closed internal circulation aquaculture" (still water closed aquaculture), that is, the water is not changed during the aquaculture season, which leads to the accumulation of feed and excrement of farmed organisms. In addition, the hot summer makes the water quality deteriorate, and the incidence of fish and shrimp is high. In order to reduce the loss of diseases, antibiotics and chemical drugs have to be used in large quantities, which will further pollute the water quality, leading to an increase in fish and shrimp diseases, forming a vicious circle. The traditional aquaculture method not only increases the cost of fish and shrimp farming, but also seriously affects the quality of fish and shrimp. The discharge of sewage also causes serious environmental pollution.

[0004] In view of this, the core of bioremediation technology is to use microbial agents with specific functions to degrade harmful substances in water, inhibit the growth of harmful microorganisms, and promote the establishment of beneficial microbial communities. However, the application methods of traditional microbial agents, such as direct spraying of liquid bacterial liquid or spreading of powdered microbial agents, often have problems such as uneven distribution of bacteria, easy inactivation, and difficulty in long-term effect. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems and improve the use efficiency and stability of microbial agents, the present application provides a microbial agent for repairing an aquaculture environment and a preparation method thereof. The agent adopts an embedding immobilization technology to make the microbial strains into granules, which not only improves the survival rate and stability of the strains, but also facilitates storage and transportation. Subsequently, these microbial bacteria are encapsulated in a special water-soluble pouch, which can dissolve rapidly when in contact with water, thereby releasing the strain particles and slowly and evenly dispersing them into the water body. This innovative design enables beneficial bacteria to be more accurately and efficiently integrated into the aquaculture water body, effectively increasing the population of beneficial microorganisms in the water body, and promoting the restoration and maintenance of the ecological balance of the water body. At the same time, due to the uniform distribution and continuous release of the strains, the effect of improving water quality and preventing diseases is also more significant and lasting, providing strong technical support for the sustainable development of the aquaculture industry.

[0006] In the first aspect, the present application provides a microbial agent for repairing an aquaculture environment, using the following technical solution:

[0007] A microbial agent for repairing an aquaculture environment, which is composed of microorganisms and a water-soluble bag containing the microorganisms. During preparation, the microorganisms are granulated and then packaged in water-soluble bags; during use, the microbial agent is directly put into the aquaculture water body, the water-soluble bag melts when it encounters water, and the microorganisms contained in the bag slowly and evenly fall into the water body, thereby increasing the content of beneficial bacteria in the water body and promoting the recovery and maintenance of the ecological balance of the water body.

[0008] Furthermore, the microorganism comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-50 parts of microbial strains, 30-50 parts of nutrients, 5-10 parts of stabilizers, 5-10 parts of binders, and 3-5 parts of cross-linking agents.

[0009] Preferably, the microbial strains include but are not limited to at least one of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Clostridium butyricum, Enterococcus faecalis, EM bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, polyphosphate bacteria, Bdellovibrio, etc.

[0010] More preferably, the microbial strains are composite bacteria consisting of photosynthetic bacteria, nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria and phosphorus accumulating bacteria.

[0011] Preferably, the nutrients include but are not limited to glucose, xylooligosaccharides, protein powder, amino acids, bone meal and the like.

[0012] Preferably, the stabilizer includes but is not limited to at least one of bentonite, calcium carbonate, silicon dioxide and zeolite.

[0013] More preferably, the stabilizer is calcium carbonate.

[0014] Preferably, the binder includes but is not limited to at least one of maltose, dextrin and clay.

[0015] Preferably, the cross-linking agent includes but is not limited to at least one of polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate, calcium chloride, etc. More preferably, the cross-linking agent is a mixture of polyvinyl alcohol and calcium chloride.

[0016] Preferably, the weight ratio of polyvinyl alcohol to calcium chloride is 1:(0.5-2). More preferably, the weight ratio of polyvinyl alcohol to calcium chloride is 1:1.5.

[0017] Furthermore, the water-soluble pouch comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of carboxyl-modified polyvinyl alcohol, 20-50 parts of starch, 10-20 parts of gelatin, 10-20 parts of water, 1-10 parts of betaine, 1-3 parts of sodium stearate, and 3-8 parts of inorganic filler.

[0018] The packaging bag formula is based on carboxyl-modified polyvinyl alcohol, starch and gelatin, and has good water solubility. After a period of time in water, the packaging bag material can basically achieve full solubility and biodegradability. The addition of betaine can improve the wettability of the packaging bag in water and control the water-dissolution rate of the packaging bag.

[0019] Preferably, the inorganic filler includes but is not limited to at least one of talc, light calcium carbonate, white carbon black, titanium dioxide and the like.

[0020] Preferably, the water-soluble pouch is in the shape of a rectangular bag or a spherical bag.

[0021] Preferably, the water-soluble small bag is in the shape of a spherical bag. The spherical packaging bag is easier to contact with water and flow more easily, so as to enhance the dispersion effect of the bacteria in the bag in water.

[0022] Preferably, the size of the water-soluble pouch is 1-5 cm 3 , preferably 3cm 3 .

[0023] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a microbial agent for repairing an aquaculture environment, using the following technical solution:

[0024] A method for preparing a microbial agent for repairing an aquaculture environment comprises the following steps:

[0025] Preparation of microorganisms:

[0026] Put the stabilizer and the binder into a dry ball mill and ball mill for 1-2 hours, pass through a 60-120 mesh sieve to obtain a sieved product, granulate the sieved product to obtain a granulated product, and sinter the granulated product at 900-1100° C. to obtain microspheres;

[0027] Add the nutrient agent and the cross-linking agent into the water and mix evenly, then continue to add the microbial strains and stir evenly to obtain a composite bacterial aqueous solution;

[0028] The microspheres are added to the composite bacteria aqueous solution, stirred evenly to obtain a mixture, and the mixture is freeze-dried to obtain the microbial bacteria;

[0029] To prepare the water soluble sachet:

[0030] Carboxyl-modified polyvinyl alcohol, starch, gelatin, water, betaine, sodium stearate and inorganic filler are mixed, stirred evenly, and allowed to stand for a period of time to swell to obtain a mixture;

[0031] The mixed material is added into a film blowing machine, and the film is blown at a heating temperature of 200-240°C, and then cooled, edge pressed, and bagged in sequence to obtain a water-soluble small bag;

[0032] Preparation of microbial inoculants:

[0033] The microorganisms are packaged into small water-soluble bags and sealed to obtain the finished product.

[0034] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] Uniform distribution: Through the packaging bag that dissolves in water, the microorganisms can be slowly and evenly released into the water body, avoiding the problem of concentrated distribution of bacteria that may be caused by traditional delivery methods, and ensuring the uniformity of the bacteria in the entire water body.

[0036] Improve survival rate: Cold granulation technology may help maintain the activity of bacteria and reduce losses during processing and storage. At the same time, the slow release method also reduces the stress response of bacteria when they are suddenly exposed to a new environment, and improves their survival rate and adaptability in water.

[0037] Environmentally friendly: Packaging bag materials that dissolve in water are usually biodegradable materials, which will not pollute the environment and are in line with the green ecological concept.

[0038] Easy to operate: This delivery method simplifies the operation steps, reduces labor costs, and makes microbial treatment in large-scale waters easier to implement.

[0039] Strong adaptability: Microbial agents floating on the water surface can spread naturally with the wind or water flow, further enhancing the dispersion effect of the bacteria and are suitable for water environments of various sizes. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present application is further described in detail below with reference to embodiments and comparative examples.

[0041] The microbial strains used in the examples and comparative examples of the present application are composite bacteria composed of 30wt% photosynthetic bacteria, 25wt% nitrifying bacteria, 25wt% denitrifying bacteria and 20wt% polyphosphate bacteria, wherein the photosynthetic bacteria are Rhodopseudomonas palustris ACCC00309, purchased from the China Agricultural Microbiological Culture Collection Center, the nitrifying bacteria are Vibrio fischeri CICC10483, purchased from the China Industrial Microbiological Culture Collection Center, the denitrifying bacteria are Pseudomonas putida ACCC01017, purchased from the China Agricultural Microbiological Culture Collection Center, and the polyphosphate bacteria are Bacillus subtilis CICC 20682, purchased from the China Industrial Microbiological Culture Collection Center.

[0042] Carboxyl-modified polyvinyl alcohol was purchased from Guangzhou Qihua Chemical Co., Ltd., brand: Kuraray, model: KL-318.

[0043] Preparation Example 1-1: Preparation of microorganisms:

[0044] According to the proportions in Table 1, the stabilizer and the binder were put into a dry ball mill for ball milling for 1.5 hours, passed through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain a sieved product, and the sieved product was granulated by a granulator to obtain a granulated product, and the granulated product was sintered at 1000° C. to obtain microspheres;

[0045] The nutrient agent and the cross-linking agent are added into the water and mixed evenly, and the composite bacteria are added continuously and stirred evenly to obtain a composite bacteria aqueous solution;

[0046] The microspheres are added into the composite bacteria aqueous solution, stirred evenly to obtain a mixture, and the mixture is freeze-dried to obtain the microbial bacteria.

[0047] Preparation Example 1-2: Preparation of microorganisms: The preparation method is the same as that of Preparation Example 1-1. See Table 1 for specific raw material ratios.

[0048] Preparation Example 1-3: Preparation of microorganisms: The preparation method is the same as that of Preparation Example 1-1. See Table 1 for specific raw material ratios.

[0049] Preparation Example 1-4: Preparation of microorganisms: The preparation method is the same as that of Preparation Example 1-1. See Table 1 for specific raw material ratios.

[0050] Preparation Example 1-5: Preparation of microorganisms: The preparation method is the same as that of Preparation Example 1-1. See Table 1 for specific raw material ratios.

[0051] Preparation Example 1-6: Preparation of microorganisms: The preparation method is the same as that of Preparation Example 1-1. See Table 1 for specific raw material ratios.

[0052] Preparation Example 1-7: Preparation of microorganisms: The preparation method is the same as that of Preparation Example 1-1. See Table 1 for specific raw material ratios.

[0053] Table 1 (Unit: 0.1kg)

[0054]

[0055] Preparation Example 2-1: Preparation of water-soluble pouches:

[0056] According to the proportions in Table 2, carboxyl-modified polyvinyl alcohol, starch, gelatin, water, betaine, sodium stearate, and talc were mixed, stirred evenly, and allowed to stand for swelling for 24 hours to obtain a mixture;

[0057] The mixed material is added into a film blowing machine, and the film is blown at a heating temperature of 200-240°C, and then cooled, edge pressed, and bagged in sequence to obtain a water-soluble small bag.

[0058] Preparation Example 2-2: Preparation of water-soluble pouches: The preparation method is the same as that of Preparation Example 2-1. For specific raw material ratios, see Table 2.

[0059] Preparation Example 2-3: Preparation of water-soluble pouches: The preparation method is the same as that of Preparation Example 2-1. For specific raw material ratios, see Table 2.

[0060] Preparation Example 2-4: Preparation of water-soluble pouches: The preparation method is the same as that of Preparation Example 2-1. For specific raw material ratios, see Table 2.

[0061] Table 2 (Unit: 0.1kg)

[0062] Preparation Example 2-1 2-2 2-3 2-4 Carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol 80 90 100 80 starch 20 35 50 20 gelatin 10 15 20 10 water 10 15 20 10 Betaine 1 5.5 10 0 Sodium stearate 1 5 3 1 talcum powder 3 5.5 8 3

[0063] Example 1: Preparation of microbial agent for repairing aquaculture environment: The microorganisms are divided into small water-soluble bags and sealed to obtain the finished product.

[0064] In this embodiment, the microorganisms are prepared by the preparation method of Preparation Example 1-1, and the water-soluble pouches are prepared by the preparation method of Preparation Example 2-1.

[0065] Example 2: Preparation of microbial agent for repairing aquaculture environment: The microorganisms are divided into small water-soluble bags and sealed to obtain the finished product.

[0066] In this embodiment, the microorganisms are prepared by the preparation method of Preparation Example 1-2, and the water-soluble pouches are prepared by the preparation method of Preparation Example 2-1.

[0067] Example 3: Preparation of microbial agent for repairing aquaculture environment: The microorganisms are divided into small water-soluble bags and sealed to obtain the finished product.

[0068] In this embodiment, the microorganisms are prepared by the preparation method of Preparation Example 1-3, and the water-soluble pouch is prepared by the preparation method of Preparation Example 2-1.

[0069] Example 4: Preparation of microbial agent for repairing aquaculture environment: The microorganisms are divided into small water-soluble bags and sealed to obtain the finished product.

[0070] In this embodiment, the microorganisms are prepared by the preparation method of Preparation Example 1-4, and the water-soluble pouch is prepared by the preparation method of Preparation Example 2-1.

[0071] Example 5: Preparation of microbial agent for repairing aquaculture environment: The microorganisms are divided into small water-soluble bags and sealed to obtain the finished product.

[0072] In this embodiment, the microorganisms are prepared by the preparation method of Preparation Example 1-5, and the water-soluble pouch is prepared by the preparation method of Preparation Example 2-1.

[0073] Example 6: Preparation of microbial agent for repairing aquaculture environment: The microorganisms are divided into small water-soluble bags and sealed to obtain the finished product.

[0074] In this embodiment, the microorganisms are prepared by the preparation method of Preparation Example 1-6, and the water-soluble pouch is prepared by the preparation method of Preparation Example 2-1.

[0075] Example 7: Preparation of microbial agent for repairing aquaculture environment: The microorganisms are divided into small water-soluble bags and sealed to obtain the finished product.

[0076] In this embodiment, the microorganisms are prepared by the preparation method of Preparation Example 1-7, and the water-soluble pouch is prepared by the preparation method of Preparation Example 2-1.

[0077] Example 8: Preparation of microbial agent for repairing aquaculture environment: The microorganisms are divided into small water-soluble bags and sealed to obtain the finished product.

[0078] In this embodiment, the microorganisms are prepared by the preparation method of Preparation Example 1-1, and the water-soluble pouches are prepared by the preparation method of Preparation Example 2-2.

[0079] Example 9: Preparation of microbial agent for repairing aquaculture environment: The microorganisms are divided into small water-soluble bags and sealed to obtain the finished product.

[0080] In this embodiment, the microorganisms are prepared by the preparation method of Preparation Example 1-1, and the water-soluble pouches are prepared by the preparation method of Preparation Example 2-3.

[0081] Comparative Example 1: Preparation of a microbial agent for repairing an aquaculture environment: The microorganisms are packaged into small water-soluble bags and sealed to obtain the finished product.

[0082] In this comparative example, the microorganisms were prepared by the preparation method of Preparation Example 1-1, and the water-soluble pouches were prepared by the preparation method of Preparation Example 2-4.

[0083] Comparative Example 2: Preparation of microbial agent for repairing aquaculture environment: Microorganisms are directly used as the agent, that is, without being packaged in water-soluble small bags.

[0084] In this comparative example, the microorganism was prepared by the preparation method of Preparation Example 1-1.

[0085] Performance Test:

[0086] The bacterial agents prepared in the examples and comparative examples were sprinkled into the tilapia culture pond at a frequency of once every 7 days and a proportion of 0.005% of the weight of the culture water. During the test, the culture water temperature was controlled at 25±1°C and the culture density was controlled at 25kg / m 3 The average weight of tilapia was 0.5 kg / piece. After 21 days, the growth rate of dissolved oxygen OD, the decline rate of various pollutants such as COD and ammonia nitrogen in the culture water were tested. The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0087] Table 3

[0088]

[0089] According to the test results in Table 3, it can be seen that the microbial agent prepared in the present application can significantly increase the oxygen content in the aquaculture water and reduce the content of organic matter such as ammonia nitrogen compounds in the water after 21 days of use, thereby better repairing and improving the aquaculture water.

[0090] Comparing the test results of Examples 1-9, it can be seen that the test results of Examples 4-7 are not as good as the test results of Example 1, indicating that the selection of the cross-linking agent has a significant effect on the repair and improvement effect of the microbial agent. When polyvinyl alcohol and calcium chloride are selected as the cross-linking agent and the weight ratio is 1:1.5, the repair and improvement effect of the microbial agent is maximized and the effect is best.

[0091] By comparing the test results of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, it can be seen that when the water-soluble small bags prepared in Preparation Examples 2-4 are used in Comparative Example 1, the repair and improvement effect of the prepared microbial agent on the aquaculture water body is significantly reduced. This may be due to the removal of the betaine component, which causes the wettability of the water-soluble small bag to deteriorate, the dissolution rate of the small bag to slow down, and the microorganisms in the bag are not easy to flow out and dissolve in the water.

[0092] By comparing the test results of Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, it can be seen that Comparative Example 2 did not use a water-soluble small bag, and directly sprinkled the microorganisms into the aquaculture water. From the results, it can be seen that the repair and improvement effect on the aquaculture water body is extremely poor. This is because the microorganisms are in direct and comprehensive contact with the aquaculture water body, which can easily cause the microorganisms to have a stress response, reduce the survival rate, and naturally worsen the repair and improvement effect.

[0093] The above is only the preferred implementation of the present application. The protection scope of the present application is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions under the concept of the present application belong to the protection scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present application should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A microbial agent for repairing an aquaculture environment, characterized in that: The invention comprises microorganisms and a water-soluble bag for containing the microorganisms. The microorganisms comprise the following components in parts by weight: 10-50 parts of microorganism strains, 30-50 parts of nutrients, 5-10 parts of stabilizers, 5-10 parts of binders, and 3-5 parts of crosslinking agents. The water-soluble bag comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of carboxyl-modified polyvinyl alcohol, 20-50 parts of starch, 10-20 parts of gelatin, 10-20 parts of water, 1-10 parts of betaine, 1-3 parts of sodium stearate, and 3-8 parts of inorganic fillers. The microorganism strains comprise at least one of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Clostridium butyricum, Enterococcus faecalis, EM bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, polyphosphate bacteria, and Bdellovibrio. The crosslinking agent is a mixture of polyvinyl alcohol and calcium chloride, and the weight ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to the calcium chloride is 1:(0.5-2).

2. The microbial agent for repairing an aquaculture environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microbial strains are composite bacteria composed of photosynthetic bacteria, nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria and polyphosphate bacteria.

3. The microbial agent for repairing an aquaculture environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nutrient comprises at least one of glucose, xylooligosaccharide, protein powder, amino acid and bone meal.

4. The microbial agent for repairing an aquaculture environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stabilizer includes at least one of bentonite, calcium carbonate, silicon dioxide and zeolite.

5. The microbial agent for repairing an aquaculture environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The binder includes at least one of maltose, dextrin and clay.

6. The microbial agent for repairing an aquaculture environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weight ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to calcium chloride is 1:1.

5.

7. A method for preparing a microbial agent for repairing an aquaculture environment according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The steps include: Preparation of microorganisms: Put the stabilizer and the binder into a dry ball mill and ball mill for 1-2 hours, pass through a 60-120 mesh sieve to obtain a sieved product, granulate the sieved product to obtain a granulated product, and sinter the granulated product at 900-1100° C. to obtain microspheres; Add the nutrient agent and the cross-linking agent into the water and mix evenly, then continue to add the microbial strains and stir evenly to obtain a composite bacterial aqueous solution; The microspheres are added to the composite bacteria aqueous solution, stirred evenly to obtain a mixture, and the mixture is freeze-dried to obtain the microbial bacteria; To prepare the water soluble sachet: Carboxyl-modified polyvinyl alcohol, starch, gelatin, water, betaine, sodium stearate and inorganic filler are mixed, stirred evenly, and allowed to stand for a period of time to swell to obtain a mixture; The mixed material is added into a film blowing machine, and the film is blown at a heating temperature of 200-240°C, and then cooled, edge pressed, and bagged in sequence to obtain a water-soluble small bag; Preparation of microbial inoculants: The microorganisms are packaged into small water-soluble bags and sealed to obtain the finished product.

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