Dam slope stabilizing system and method based on electroosmosis pulses

Abstract

The invention discloses a dam slope stabilizing system and method based on electroosmosis pulses, the system comprises a bus and a plurality of pulse generating units mounted on the bus, and each pulse generating unit comprises a pulse generator used for generating a pulse sequence, a positive electrode and a negative electrode; the electrodes are arranged on the dam slope, positive pulses in the pulse sequence are used for promoting positive ions and water molecules combined with the positive ions to move from the anode side to the cathode side, the direction is opposite to the water conservancy gradient induction direction, water is prevented from permeating into the dam, and negative voltage pulses are used for avoiding excessive dryness of the dam body. The pulse generating unit provides a pulse sequence for the electrodes arranged in the dam slope, so that the water content in the dam slope is stabilized within a preset range, and the dam slope is stabilized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a dam slope stabilization system and method based on electroosmotic pulse. Background Art

[0002] Flood control embankments refer to dams built to prevent river flooding, and their main function is to suppress floods. Dams are usually built with materials such as soil, sand, gravel or concrete with certain techniques. The flood control embankments in most river sections in my country are earth embankments. If the flood water level is too high, it will accelerate the infiltration of water into the earth embankment. The structural strength of the earth embankment depends on the cohesion between soil particles. Once water infiltrates, the cohesion between soil particles will weaken, causing the inner layer of the earth embankment to loosen and the soil strength to decrease. After the strength of the earth embankment is weakened, it is easy to form landslides or collapse. From the perspective of geological classification, the main problems of embankments are sand base, soft foundation, poor soil quality of the embankment body, and unscientific embankment lines.

[0003] The sand base problem refers to the fact that the upper layer of the ground structure is clay soil, generally less than 2 meters, and the lower layer is a highly permeable layer of fine sand, medium-fine sand, and gravel. When the water level of the outer river or lake is too high, water will penetrate into the inner surface of the embankment through the sand base, mainly in the form of dispersed seepage and concentrated seepage. Concentrated seepage is more common during floods, with soil flowing in the early stage and eventually forming pipe bursts. The pipe bursts will carry away soil particles along the way. When the cavity reaches a certain extent, it may cause the embankment to collapse, and then cause the danger of embankment breach.

[0004] The soft foundation problem refers to the presence of silty soft soil in the shallow part of many embankment foundations in the lake area, which has high natural water content, large porosity, low strength, high compressibility, poor permeability, and long consolidation and drainage time. Some embankments were also built under this geological condition, which is called "rubber soil". During high flood levels, the embankments are prone to landslides.

[0005] Problem of poor soil quality of the embankment: The construction of the embankment itself was restricted by the construction technology level at that time. The soil for the embankment was sourced locally and it was impossible to strictly screen the soil quality. The embankment built had problems such as embankment leakage, holes in the embankment, and landslide instability.

[0006] In addition, when some embankments were first built, the embankment lines were not scientifically analyzed and they were generally built along the direction of the shoal, resulting in many bends in the river channel. During the flood season, in the river sections facing the flow or with narrow shoals, the shoals became narrower due to the bottom erosion and side erosion of the water flow. Some of the embankments directly destroyed the embankment foundation, causing the embankment foot to be hollowed out and unstable.

[0007] In the embankments of rivers or reservoirs, especially when floods occur, landslide accidents are more likely to occur due to the rising water level. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly inspect and prevent the embankments and slopes.

[0008] The management of dam slopes usually adopts anti-slide piles, anchoring and prestressed anchoring methods.

[0009] 1) Anti-slide piles: Anti-slide piles are piles that pass through the sliding body and extend deep into the sliding bed to prevent the sliding of the sliding body.

[0010] 2) Anchoring and prestressed anchoring: In order to enhance the positive pressure of the sliding surface and improve the anti-sliding force along the sliding surface, anchoring or prestressed anchoring measures can be adopted on the slope with cracks. The general method is to drill holes and insert anchor rods.

[0011] The above methods are all measures taken by changing the structural strength of the dam itself, and are relatively costly.

[0012] According to research, the occurrence of landslide accidents has a large positive correlation with the water content in the dam structure itself. The higher the water content of the soil in the dam, the more likely it is to cause landslide accidents.

[0013] Therefore, it is necessary to design a new system and method that is lower in cost and can effectively stabilize the dam slope. Summary of the invention

[0014] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a dam slope stabilization system and method based on electroosmotic pulses, which can realize the detection of the dam slope status and the implementation of active prevention and control.

[0015] The technical solution of the invention is as follows:

[0016] A dam slope stabilization system based on electroosmotic pulses, comprising a bus and a plurality of pulse generating units mounted on the bus, wherein the pulse generating units comprise a pulse generator and electrodes for generating a pulse sequence, wherein the electrodes comprise a positive electrode and a negative electrode; and the electrodes are arranged on the dam slope;

[0017] The pulse sequence of each cycle consists of three parts: a positive pulse segment (positive voltage pulse), a negative pulse segment (negative voltage pulse) and a pause segment (zero voltage pulse); wherein: the positive pulse causes the cations and the water molecules bound to them to move from the anode side to the cathode side, which is opposite to the direction induced by the hydraulic gradient, preventing water from penetrating into the dam; the negative voltage pulse allows a certain amount of water to be controlled in the dam as an electroosmotic medium to avoid excessive drying of the dam body; the pause segment provides sufficient response time for the positive and negative pulses to enable the system to reach a new equilibrium state.

[0018] The pulse generating unit applies electroosmotic pulses to electrodes arranged in the dam slope, so that the water content in the dam slope is stabilized within a preset range, thereby achieving the stability of the dam slope.

[0019] The amplitude of the positive voltage pulse signal corresponding to the positive pulse segment is between 20V and 40V DC voltage.

[0020] It also includes an IoT platform and a monitoring center. The monitoring center is connected to the IoT platform and mounted on the bus. The monitoring center and the IoT platform are connected through the MQTT mechanism. MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport) refers to message queue telemetry transmission.

[0021] The bus is a CAN bus.

[0022] Each pulse generating unit is connected to a plurality of positive electrodes and a plurality of negative electrodes.

[0023] In the pulse generating unit, the MCU serves as the main control unit. The MCU controls the pulse generator to generate a pulse signal with a preset frequency, duty cycle and voltage value through a pulse driving circuit. A first current sampling resistor is provided on the wire connected to each positive electrode of the pulse generator; a second current sampling resistor is provided on the wire connected to each negative electrode of the pulse generator;

[0024] The voltage sampling signals generated on the first current sampling resistor and the second current sampling resistor respectively pass through the corresponding amplification circuit and A / D conversion circuit and then enter the MCU to complete data collection.

[0025] MCU data conversion mainly converts analog signals into binary format, and then digitally filters, classifies, stores, and encodes them into CAN communication protocol format and sends them to the bus via the CAN controller.

[0026] An alarm is installed at the monitoring center or the pulse generating unit.

[0027] The negative electrode is a negative electrode net or a negative electrode rod, and the positive electrode adopts a zinc tube positive electrode; the negative electrode net or negative electrode rod is arranged along the slope surface where the dam contacts the water body; the zinc tube positive electrode is inserted into the structure of the dam (i.e. the natural soil or concrete of the dam itself), and the pulse generator is arranged on the dam.

[0028] A dam slope stabilization method based on electroosmotic pulse, using the aforementioned dam slope stabilization system based on electroosmotic pulse;

[0029] The current data collected by the pulse generating unit at the dam site is used to determine the water content of the dam slope, thereby realizing the status monitoring of the dam slope.

[0030] When the current is higher than the preset value, the duty cycle of the electroosmotic pulse is increased to reduce the water content of the dam slope and achieve active stability of the dam slope. When the water content exceeds 20%, the positive pulse width increases by 5 milliseconds every 6 hours and the negative pulse decreases by 2 milliseconds until the water content drops by 20%. The positive pulse width decreases by 5 milliseconds every 6 hours and the negative pulse increases by 2 milliseconds to maintain the stability of the water content of the slope. The setting range of electroosmotic pulse parameters: positive pulse width 100-200ms, negative pulse width 5-150ms, frequency 3 to 5Hz.

[0031] If the current is higher than the preset alarm value, the monitoring center or pulse generating unit will start the alarm, such as sound and light alarm, telephone alarm, etc.

[0032] The principle of electroosmotic pulse to stabilize the dam:

[0033] The pulse sequence consists of three parts: a positive pulse segment (positive voltage pulse), a negative pulse segment (negative voltage pulse) and a pause segment (zero voltage pulse). The positive pulse causes the cations and their bound water molecules to move from the anode side to the cathode side, which is exactly opposite to the direction induced by the hydraulic gradient, preventing water from penetrating into the dam. As the hydrated cations form a double electric layer along the capillary wall, polarization leads to a reduction in flow; the negative voltage pulse allows a certain amount of water to be controlled in the concrete structure to avoid excessive drying of the dam body. Under the action of the electroosmotic pulse, a polarization effect is produced on the water molecules: hydrogen gathers into a polarized cathode, and hydroxyl groups gather into a polarized anode. The high-speed moving cations and anions floating in the capillary fluid between the double electric layers will reverse, and the anode will become the cathode and the cathode will become the anode.

[0034] The positive voltage pulse has the longest pulse time and the signal amplitude is usually between 20 V and 40 V DC. The use of a bipolar pulse waveform prevents the concrete from over-drying and losing its structural integrity.

[0035] One of the most critical aspects of this technology is the negative voltage pulse. This allows the moisture content inside the concrete to be controlled, thus preventing the electroosmotic medium (such as the concrete matrix) from drying out too much and subsequently degrading. The anode is inserted inside the structure, while the cathode is placed directly outside the structure in the soil. The positive and negative pulses lead to the occurrence of some chemical reactions in the electrolysis process. At the same time, the rest phase (no voltage applied) allows the system to reach equilibrium.

[0036] Beneficial effects:

[0037] The dam slope stabilization system and method based on electroosmotic pulse of the present invention can monitor the water content and its changing trend in the flood control dam in real time through electric current through the basic principle of electroosmotic pulse, and can not only implement early warning, but also, by adjusting the pulse parameters, implement active prevention and control for the dam slope, and has low cost and easy deployment, and has significant economic benefits (cost advantages) and social benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram (top view) of the layout of the dam slope stabilization system of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram (side cross-sectional view) of the layout of the dam slope stabilization system of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the positive electrode rod (front cross-sectional view);

[0041] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the negative electrode network after winding;

[0042] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the negative electrode network after it is unfolded (oblique grid);

[0043] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the state after the negative electrode network is unfolded (positive square);

[0044] Figure 7 This is the overall block diagram of the electroosmotic pulse system;

[0045] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of data acquisition in the electroosmotic pulse system;

[0046] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a pulse generating unit;

[0047] Fig.10 It is a pulse waveform diagram.

[0048] Explanation of reference numerals: 1-pulse generator, 2-negative electrode layout area, 3-positive electrode layout area, 4-mesh electrode, 5-zinc tube positive electrode; 6-copper core wire, 7-conductive PE layer, 8-conductive silver paste, 9-zinc tube, 10-cone, 11-electrode roll, 12-electrode unfolding end. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0050] Example 1: Figure 7-8 As shown, a dam slope stabilization system based on electroosmotic pulses includes a monitoring center and a plurality of pulse generating units;

[0051] The monitoring center is communicatively connected with a plurality of pulse generating units;

[0052] Each pulse generating unit includes a pulse generator and a positive electrode and a negative electrode connected to the pulse generator, the positive electrode and the negative electrode are arranged on the flood control dam, and the pulse generating unit collects current data from the positive electrode and the negative electrode as a pulse generating unit; the pulse generator is used to generate an electroosmotic pulse;

[0053] The monitoring center is used to collect the current data sampled by each pulse generating unit and process the data, so as to realize the monitoring of the state of the dam slope and implement active stability control of the dam slope based on the electroosmotic pulse.

[0054] It also includes an Internet of Things platform, and the monitoring center is connected to the Internet of Things platform in communication. The monitoring center and the Internet of Things platform are connected in communication through the MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport) mechanism.

[0055] The monitoring center is connected with multiple pulse generating units via CAN bus communication.

[0056] In the pulse generating unit, the MCU serves as the main control unit. The MCU controls the pulse generator to generate a pulse signal with a preset frequency, duty cycle and voltage value through a pulse driving circuit. A first current sampling resistor is provided on the wire connected to the positive electrode of the pulse generator; a second current sampling resistor is provided on the wire connected to the negative electrode of the pulse generator;

[0057] The voltage sampling signals generated on the first current sampling resistor and the second current sampling resistor respectively pass through the corresponding amplification circuit and A / D conversion circuit and then enter the MCU to complete data collection.

[0058] MCU data conversion mainly converts analog signals into binary format, and then digitally filters, classifies, stores, and encodes them into CAN communication protocol format and sends them to the bus via the CAN controller.

[0059] An alarm is installed at the monitoring center or the pulse generating unit.

[0060] The negative electrode is a negative electrode net or a negative electrode rod, and the positive electrode is a zinc tube positive electrode.

[0061] Specifically, the monitoring center uses a system screen, which is a touch screen with an embedded operating system. It is used to view the data status of various sites and the safety indicators of the dam. If necessary, relevant parameters can be set.

[0062] like Figure 1-6The negative electrode network is laid along the slope surface where the dam contacts the water body; the positive electrode of the zinc tube is inserted into the structure of the dam (that is, the natural soil or concrete of the dam itself), and the pulse generator is laid on the dam.

[0063] A dam slope stabilization method based on electroosmotic pulse, using the aforementioned dam slope stabilization system based on electroosmotic pulse;

[0064] The current data collected by the pulse generating unit at the dam site is used to determine the water content of the dam slope, thereby realizing the status monitoring of the dam slope.

[0065] When the current is higher than the preset value, the duty cycle of the electroosmotic pulse is increased to reduce the water content of the dam slope and achieve active stabilization of the dam slope.

[0066] The specific control method is: when the moisture content exceeds 20%, the positive pulse width increases by 5 milliseconds every 6 hours, and the negative pulse decreases by 2 milliseconds, until the moisture content drops by 20%, the positive pulse width decreases by 5 milliseconds every 6 hours, and the negative pulse increases by 2 milliseconds to keep the moisture content of the slope stable.

[0067] The setting range of electroosmotic pulse parameters is as follows: positive pulse width 100-200ms, negative pulse width 5-150ms, and frequency 3 to 5Hz.

[0068] If the current is higher than the preset alarm value, the monitoring center or pulse generating unit will start the alarm, such as sound and light alarm, telephone alarm, etc.

[0069] The structure of the rod-shaped electrode as the positive electrode is as follows Figure 3 As shown, the outer layer of the rod electrode adopts a zinc tube with a certain structural strength. The zinc tube is not only highly corrosion-resistant, but also has excellent conductivity. It can continuously provide cations under the action of electroosmosis to form hydrated cations. The front end of the rod electrode adopts a conical structure, which is convenient for easily passing through the soil and rock layer under the action of applied pressure, and is convenient for burying inside the dam. The current transmission adopts an inner core copper wire, and the outer conductive PE is used as the conduction of the positive current. The gap between the conductive PE and the zinc tube is filled with conductive silver paste. This structure can effectively ensure the strength of the far-end electroosmotic field without attenuation. The conductive silver paste is filled to ensure good contact between the conductive PE and the zinc tube. A heat shrink sleeve can also be set at the upper end of the rod electrode to prevent the overflow of the conductive silver paste.

[0070] For the structure of the negative electrode network and its application in flood control dams, see Figure 1-2 ,as well as Figure 4-5 .

[0071] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dam slope stabilization system based on electroosmotic pulse, characterized in that: It includes a bus and a plurality of pulse generating units mounted on the bus, wherein the pulse generating unit includes a pulse generator and electrodes for generating a pulse sequence, and the electrodes include a positive electrode and a negative electrode; The electrodes are laid on the dam slope; The pulse sequence of each cycle consists of three parts: positive pulse segment, negative pulse segment and pause segment; among which: The positive pulse causes the cations and the water molecules bound to them to move from the anode side to the cathode side, in the opposite direction to the direction induced by the hydraulic gradient, preventing water from penetrating into the dam; the negative voltage pulse allows a certain amount of water to be controlled in the dam as an electroosmotic medium to avoid excessive drying of the dam body; The pulse generating unit applies electroosmotic pulses to electrodes arranged in the dam slope, so that the water content in the dam slope is stabilized within a preset range, thereby achieving the stability of the dam slope.

2. The dam slope stabilization system based on electroosmotic pulse according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The amplitude of the positive voltage pulse signal corresponding to the positive pulse segment is between 20V and 40V DC voltage.

3. The dam slope stabilization system based on electroosmotic pulse according to claim 2 is characterized in that: It also includes an Internet of Things platform and a monitoring center. The monitoring center is connected to the Internet of Things platform for communication, and the monitoring center is mounted on the bus.

4. The dam slope stabilization system based on electroosmotic pulse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bus is a CAN bus.

5. The dam slope stabilization system based on electroosmotic pulse according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each pulse generating unit is connected to a plurality of positive electrodes and a plurality of negative electrodes. In the pulse generating unit, the MCU serves as the main control unit. The MCU controls the pulse generator to generate a pulse signal with a preset frequency, duty cycle and voltage value through a pulse driving circuit. A first current sampling resistor is provided on the wire connected to each positive electrode of the pulse generator; a second current sampling resistor is provided on the wire connected to each negative electrode of the pulse generator; The voltage sampling signals generated on the first current sampling resistor and the second current sampling resistor respectively pass through the corresponding amplification circuit and A / D conversion circuit and then enter the MCU to complete data collection.

6. The dam slope stabilization system based on electroosmotic pulse according to claim 1, characterized in that: An alarm is installed at the monitoring center or the pulse generating unit.

7. The dam slope stabilization system based on electroosmotic pulse according to claim 6, characterized in that: The negative electrode is a negative electrode net or a negative electrode rod, and the positive electrode adopts a zinc tube positive electrode; the negative electrode net or the negative electrode rod is arranged along the slope surface where the dam contacts the water body; the zinc tube positive electrode is inserted into the structure of the dam, and the pulse generator is arranged on the dam.

8. A method for stabilizing dam slopes based on electroosmotic pulses, characterized in that: A dam slope stabilization system based on electroosmotic pulses as described in any one of claims 1 to 7; The current data collected by the pulse generating unit at the dam site is used to determine the water content of the dam slope, thereby realizing the status monitoring of the dam slope. When the current is higher than the preset value, the duty cycle of the electroosmotic pulse is increased to reduce the water content of the dam slope and achieve active stabilization of the dam slope.

9. The method for stabilizing dam slope based on electroosmotic pulse according to claim 8, characterized in that: If the current is higher than the preset alarm value, the monitoring center or pulse generating unit will activate the alarm.

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