A fish nest brick ecological bank protection structure with connecting channels

Abstract

The present invention provides a fish nest brick ecological revetment structure with a connecting channel, comprising: fish nest bricks, a vegetation system, and a slope protection layer. The slope protection layer is arranged on the surface of the slope soil layer. The fish nest bricks are placed in the slope protection layer and include H-shaped fish nest bricks and convex fish nest bricks. The H-shaped fish nest bricks are arranged in an up-down staggered and horizontally aligned arrangement. The convex fish nest bricks and the H-shaped fish nest bricks are arranged in a convex-concave splicing arrangement. The H-shaped fish nest bricks have an H-shaped hollow space in the middle, and main channels connected to the H-shaped hollow space are provided on the upper and lower surfaces. Secondary channels connected to the hollow space are provided on the left and right outer walls. Branch channels connected to the hollow space are provided on the inner side walls of the left upper arm and the right lower arm. The convex fish nest bricks have a convex hollow space inside, and a side channel connected to the convex hollow space is provided on the right side wall of the convex portion. The present invention can not only ensure the overall stability of the slope ecological protection layer under the influence of wind and waves and dike-damaging animals, but also facilitate assembly and replacement, rapid construction, and simple process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of river bank and embankment ecological protection, in particular to a fish nest brick ecological bank protection structure with a connecting channel. Background Art

[0002] Ecological protection of bank slopes is a method of slope protection and ecological restoration that uses green plants or a combination of engineering and green plants. Compared with traditional engineering bank protection, ecological bank protection can not only prevent soil erosion on the slope through vegetation, but also resist the hydraulic scour of the river. It constructs a small ecosystem on the slope and nearshore waters, providing a place for vegetation and aquatic animals to live and forage.

[0003] Existing ecological revetment technologies, such as ecological concrete revetment and gabion stone cage revetment, mainly use concrete and stone cages to improve the slope's anti-scouring ability, while planting green plants on the surface. However, this type of ecological revetment structure does not consider the ecological friendliness of aquatic fish.

[0004] Currently, hollow fish nest bricks with internal cells are laid on riverbanks to provide fish with habitats. However, existing fish nest bricks often form independent spaces, confining fish to individual bricks. Furthermore, it is difficult to plant plants after laying these bricks. Furthermore, for dikes, existing fish nest brick revetments cannot prevent crayfish and other dike-damaging animals from burrowing into the dike surface, creating a dangerous situation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the shortcomings of existing fish nest brick revetment structures, the present invention provides a fish nest brick ecological revetment structure with a connecting channel. The structure is composed of fish nest bricks, a vegetation system and a slope protection layer. It can not only ensure the anti-scouring ability of the slope, but also build a nearshore ecosystem where plants, fish and even birds coexist, while isolating the embankment from damage by dike-damaging animals. It is easy to assemble and replace, fast to construct, simple in process, and has significant economic and environmental benefits.

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A fish nest brick ecological revetment structure with a connecting passage comprises: fish nest bricks, a vegetation system and a slope protection layer. The slope protection layer is arranged on the surface of the slope soil layer. The fish nest bricks are placed on the slope protection layer, including H-shaped fish nest bricks and convex fish nest bricks. The H-shaped fish nest bricks are staggered and horizontally aligned. The convex fish nest bricks and the H-shaped fish nest bricks are arranged in a convex-concave splicing pattern. The H-shaped fish nest bricks have an H-shaped hollow space in the middle, and the upper and lower surfaces are provided with a main channel connected to the H-shaped hollow space. The outer walls on the left and right sides are provided with There is a secondary channel connected to the hollow space, and the inner walls of the left upper arm and the right lower arm are provided with branch channels connected to the hollow space; a convex hollow space is provided inside the convex fish nest brick, and a side channel connected to the convex hollow space is provided on the right side wall of the convex part; the secondary channels of the left and right adjacent H-shaped fish nest bricks are aligned and connected left and right, the branch channels of the upper and lower adjacent H-shaped fish nest bricks are aligned and connected up and down, and the branch channels of the H-shaped fish nest bricks at the top and bottom of the bank protection structure are aligned and connected with the side channels of the convex fish nest bricks.

[0008] Furthermore, the H-shaped fish nest brick and the convex-shaped fish nest brick are prefabricated components, which are obtained by making corresponding molds and pouring hydraulic materials, and are made of concrete and cement mortar.

[0009] Furthermore, the main channel is a square hole, which is a channel for fish to enter the fish nest bricks and is also a growth channel for the vegetation system.

[0010] Furthermore, the secondary channel and the branch channel are elliptical.

[0011] Furthermore, the right upper arm and the left lower arm of the H-shaped fish nest brick have no holes, and serve as independent compartments to provide a spawning habitat for fish.

[0012] Furthermore, the H-shaped fish nest brick is in an "H" shape as a whole, and the convex fish nest brick is in a "convex" shape as a whole. The H-shaped fish nest brick is located in the middle of the entire ecological revetment structure, and the convex fish nest brick is located at the bottom and top of the entire ecological revetment structure. The protruding part is spliced ​​with the concave part of the H-shaped fish nest brick 4.

[0013] Furthermore, the side channel of the convex fish nest brick is elliptical, and the size of the side channel is consistent with the size of the branch channel of the H-shaped fish nest brick.

[0014] Furthermore, the slope protection layer is a permeable geotextile with a grid, which is used to prevent dike-damaging animals from digging holes inside the slope and causing hidden dangers; the vegetation system grows in the main channel of the H-shaped fish nest brick through the grid of the slope protection layer.

[0015] Furthermore, the size of the grid is 2 cm.

[0016] Furthermore, the said animals that harm the bank include crayfish. The fish nest brick ecological bank protection structure with connecting channels proposed by the present invention has the following progress and advantages over the previous ecological bank protection technology:

[0017] (1) In the ecological revetment structure constructed by the present invention, the fish nest bricks are staggered to form a channel with three directions connecting inside the whole, providing a wide activity space for fish. At the same time, each fish nest brick is equipped with an independent compartment, which also provides a place for fish to lay eggs.

[0018] (2) In the ecological bank protection structure constructed by the present invention, emergent plants can be planted in the middle of each fish nest brick. The square hole main channel not only provides space for fish to freely enter and exit the fish nest bricks and for plants to grow, but also allows birds to prey on fish near the main channel, while fish in other parts of the fish nest bricks are difficult to be preyed on. This allows plants, fish and birds to coexist harmoniously, and is suitable for bank slope ecological protection in wetland areas.

[0019] (3) In the ecological bank protection structure constructed by the present invention, a grid of a certain size is set in the slope protection layer. While ensuring the stable contact between the fish nest bricks and the bank slope and the normal exchange of water and soil materials, it prevents crayfish and other harmful animals from entering the bank slope soil and digging holes, causing leakage or even leaks during flood season.

[0020] (4) The ecological revetment structure constructed by the present invention adopts staggered assembled prefabricated fish nest brick components to construct the slope ecological protection structure, which is very convenient to transport and install. If there are problems such as component damage and vegetation death, it can be easily replaced without destroying the overall structure;

[0021] (5) The present invention comprehensively considers the issues of ecological protection, animal and plant symbiosis, and embankment safety, and can be used for the ecological protection of slopes in projects such as rivers and embankments, as well as the ecological restoration of exposed slopes in natural environments such as wetlands. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a slope of a fish nest brick ecological bank protection structure with a connecting channel according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 1 is a structural diagram of an H-shaped fish nest brick of an ecological revetment structure with a connecting channel according to the present invention, wherein (a) is a top view, (b) is a side view, (c) is a bottom view, and (d) is a projection view of section 1-1 in the top view;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a convex fish nest brick of a fish nest brick ecological revetment structure with a connecting channel according to the present invention, wherein (a) is a top view, (b) is a side view, and (c) is a bottom view;

[0025] Figure 4This is a diagram of stacking fish nest bricks on a slope of a fish nest brick ecological bank protection structure with a connecting channel according to the present invention, wherein (a) is a top view and (b) is a bottom view.

[0026] In the figure: 1—fish nest brick; 2—slope protection layer; 3—vegetation system; 4—H-shaped fish nest brick; 5—convex fish nest brick; 6—main channel; 7—secondary channel; 8—branch channel; 9—cell; 10—side channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention.

[0028] Please refer to Figure 1 An embodiment of the present invention provides a fish nest brick ecological bank protection structure with a connecting channel, which includes a fish nest brick 1, a vegetation system 3 and a slope protection layer 2, wherein the fish nest bricks include H-shaped fish nest bricks 4 and convex fish nest bricks 5.

[0029] Please refer to further Figure 2 The H-shaped fish nest brick 4 is a prefabricated component, which is obtained by making a corresponding mold and pouring a hydraulic material. It can be made of concrete, cement mortar, etc.; it is "H"-shaped as a whole, with an H-shaped hollow space in the middle, an open bottom, and a width of 30 to 50 cm; a square hole main channel 6 is provided in the middle of the surface of the H-shaped fish nest brick 4, through which fish enter the H-shaped hollow space inside the fish nest brick 1, which is also the growth channel of the vegetation system 3; an elliptical secondary channel 7 is provided on both sides of the "H", which is convenient for fish to swim to the H-shaped hollow space of the left and right adjacent fish nest bricks, so as to facilitate horizontal swimming of fish; the left upper arm and the right lower arm of the "H" are provided with an inward elliptical branch channel 8, through which fish can swim to the H-shaped hollow space of the upper and lower fish nest bricks, so as to facilitate the swimming of fish along the slope; the right upper arm and the left lower arm of the "H" are not opened, and serve as independent cells 9 to provide fish with a spawning habitat.

[0030] Please refer to further Figure 3 The convex fish nest brick 5 is made of the same material as the H-shaped fish nest brick 4, and has a "convex" shape as a whole. There is a convex hollow space inside, open at the bottom, and the width matches that of the H-shaped fish nest brick 4. On the right side of the convex part, there is an outward elliptical side channel 10, the size of which is consistent with the elliptical branch channel 8 of the H-shaped fish nest brick 4. At the top or bottom of the revetment structure, fish can swim into the convex hollow space of the convex fish nest brick 5 through the branch channel 8 and the side channel 10.

[0031] The slope protection layer 2 is a permeable geotextile with a grid size of a certain size, with a grid size of about 2 cm, which is used to prevent crayfish and other harmful animals from digging holes inside the slope and causing hidden dangers; at the same time, the roots of the vegetation system 3 first pass through the grid of the slope protection layer 2 before planting. If the size is large, the grid at the corresponding position on the slope protection layer 2 will be cut off before planting, ensuring that the grid size formed by the plant stems and the slope protection layer 2 is not larger than the grid size before damage; after planting, the vegetation grows in the square hole main channel 6 of the H-shaped fish nest brick 4.

[0032] refer to Figure 4 During installation and arrangement, the slope protection layer 2 is laid on the surface of the bank slope and tightly adheres to the surface soil. The fish nest bricks 1 are laid on the slope protection layer 2. The H-shaped fish nest bricks 4 are located in the middle of the entire ecological bank protection structure. The H-shaped fish nest bricks 4 are staggered and horizontally aligned, so that the secondary channels 7 are aligned and connected left and right, and the branch channels 8 are aligned and connected up and down; the convex fish nest bricks 5 are located at the bottom and top of the entire ecological bank protection structure, and the convex parts are spliced ​​with the concave parts of the H-shaped fish nest bricks 4. The side channels 10 are aligned and connected with the branch channels 8 of the H-shaped fish nest bricks 4 left and right; all channels form an interconnected whole inside the fish nest bricks 1, such as Figure 4 As shown, perpendicular to the slope direction, the internal space of the fish nest brick is entered and exited through the square hole main channel 6, horizontally, the left and right adjacent fish nest bricks are entered and exited through the secondary channel 7, along the inclined direction of the slope, the upper and lower adjacent fish nest bricks are entered and exited through the branch channel 8, and the top and bottom fish nest bricks are entered and exited through the branch channel 8 and the side channel 10.

[0033] The vegetation system 3 is selected based on the dominant species of emergent plants at the location of the bank protection structure, and is planted into the slope soil layer through the openings of the slope protection layer 2 and the H-shaped fish nest bricks 4.

[0034] The fish nest bricks 1 of the present invention are provided with channels in three directions. When stacked to form a whole, they enable multi-directional internal connectivity, facilitating fish movement within the space within the fish nest bricks 1 and allowing them to rest and lay eggs within the bricks. The present invention utilizes fish nest bricks with channels to construct an ecological protection system that allows fish and vegetation to coexist and protect embankment slopes. This system not only ensures the overall stability of the slope's ecological protection layer against wind, waves, and embankment-damaging animals, but also facilitates assembly and replacement, simplifies construction, and offers significant economic and environmental benefits.

[0035] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A fish nest brick ecological revetment structure with a connecting channel, characterized in that: include: Fish nest bricks (1), vegetation system (2) and slope protection layer (3), the slope protection layer (3) is arranged on the surface of the slope soil layer, the fish nest bricks (1) are placed on the slope protection layer (3), including H-shaped fish nest bricks (4) and convex fish nest bricks (5), the H-shaped fish nest bricks (4) are arranged in an up-down staggered and horizontally aligned manner, the convex fish nest bricks (5) and the H-shaped fish nest bricks (4) are arranged in a convex-concave splicing manner, the H-shaped fish nest bricks (4) are provided with an H-shaped hollow space in the middle, the upper and lower surfaces are provided with a main channel (6) connected to the H-shaped hollow space, the left and right outer walls are provided with a secondary channel (7) connected to the hollow space, the inner walls of the left upper arm and the right lower arm are provided with a hollow space The convex-shaped fish nest brick (5) is provided with a convex-shaped hollow space inside, and a side channel (10) connected to the convex-shaped hollow space is provided on the right side wall of the convex part; the secondary channels (7) of the left and right adjacent H-shaped fish nest bricks (4) are aligned and connected, the branch channels (8) of the upper and lower adjacent H-shaped fish nest bricks (4) are aligned and connected, and the branch channels (8) of the H-shaped fish nest bricks (4) at the top and bottom of the revetment structure are aligned and connected with the side channels (10) of the convex-shaped fish nest brick (5); the right upper arm and the left lower arm of the H-shaped fish nest brick (4) are not opened, and serve as independent cells (9) to provide a spawning habitat for fish.

2. The fish nest brick ecological revetment structure with a connecting channel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The H-shaped fish nest brick (4) and the convex-shaped fish nest brick (5) are prefabricated components, which are obtained by making corresponding molds and pouring hydraulic materials, and are made of concrete and cement mortar.

3. The fish nest brick ecological revetment structure with a connecting channel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main channel (6) is a square hole, which is a channel for fish to enter the interior of the fish nest brick (1) and is also a growth channel for the vegetation system (2).

4. The fish nest brick ecological revetment structure with a connecting channel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary channel (7) and the branch channel (8) are elliptical.

5. The fish nest brick ecological revetment structure with a connecting channel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The H-shaped fish nest brick (4) is in an "H" shape as a whole, and the convex-shaped fish nest brick (5) is in a "convex" shape as a whole. The H-shaped fish nest brick (4) is located in the middle of the entire ecological revetment structure, and the convex-shaped fish nest brick (5) is located at the bottom and top of the entire ecological revetment structure, with the convex portion being spliced ​​with the concave portion of the H-shaped fish nest brick (4).

6. The fish nest brick ecological revetment structure with a connecting channel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The side channel (10) of the convex fish nest brick (5) is elliptical, and the size of the side channel (10) is consistent with the size of the branch channel (8) of the H-shaped fish nest brick (4).

7. The fish nest brick ecological revetment structure with a connecting channel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slope protection layer (3) is a permeable geotextile with a grid, which is used to prevent dike-damaging animals from digging holes inside the bank slope and causing hidden dangers; the vegetation system (2) grows in the main channel (6) of the H-shaped fish nest brick (4) through the grid of the slope protection layer (3).

8. The fish nest brick ecological revetment structure with connecting channels according to claim 7, characterized in that: The size of the grid is 2 cm.

9. The fish nest brick ecological revetment structure with connecting channels according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pests include crayfish.

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