Large-scale field horizontal well multi-cluster perforating fluid and proppant distribution test method and modular device

Abstract

The present application provides a large-scale field horizontal well multi-cluster perforation liquid and proppant distribution test method and modular device, belonging to the field of hydraulic fracturing technology. The large-scale field horizontal well multi-cluster perforation liquid and proppant distribution test method and modular device include a liquid storage tank, a sand mixing device, a pressure pump, a fracturing casing and at least one experimental box, at least one perforation cluster is arranged on the fracturing casing, the perforation cluster includes at least two perforation holes, and at least two liquid storage rooms are arranged in the experimental box; the liquid storage tank is connected to the sand mixing device, the sand mixing device is connected to the pressure pump, the pressure pump is connected to the fracturing casing, the fracturing casing is arranged above the experimental box, the perforation cluster corresponds to the experimental box one by one, and each perforation hole on the same perforation cluster is respectively connected to each liquid storage room in the corresponding experimental box one by one. By simulating the actual hydraulic fracturing process, the outflow data of the sand-carrying fluid of each perforation hole on the downhole fracturing casing during the actual operation process is obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of hydraulic fracturing, and in particular relates to a large-scale on-site horizontal well multi-cluster perforating liquid and proppant distribution test method and a modular device. Background Art

[0002] Hydraulic fracturing is a production-increasing technology widely used in the oil and gas industry. Hydraulic fracturing technology is to inject sand-carrying fluid into the formation through the perforations on the fracturing casing to create artificial fractures in the rock formation, thereby increasing the flow capacity of oil and gas. The sand-carrying fluid is usually composed of fracturing fluid and proppant. For the sand-carrying fluid entering the fracture, the amount of sand-carrying fluid entering the fracture largely determines the fracture transformation effect. The amount of sand-carrying fluid entering the fracture can be measured directly or indirectly by measuring the sand-carrying fluid outflow from each perforation hole. However, due to the complex downhole environment, the above measurement method is very difficult to implement downhole.

[0003] Therefore, the method adopted in the prior art is to collect pressure data and flow data in the underground fracturing casing, and use a numerical model to calculate the outflow of the sand-carrying fluid from each perforation hole, thereby obtaining the inflow of the sand-carrying fluid into the fracture.

[0004] However, although the outflow of the sand-carrying fluid for each perforation hole can be calculated by the established numerical model, the calculation process of the numerical model is too ideal, resulting in errors between the calculated results and the actual situation. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiment of the present application provides a large-scale on-site horizontal well multi-cluster perforating fluid and proppant distribution test method and modular device, which simulates the actual on-site hydraulic fracturing construction process to obtain the outflow of sand-carrying fluid from each perforation hole on the fracturing casing, so as to simulate the outflow of sand-carrying fluid from each perforation hole in the actual fracturing process.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present embodiment provides a modular device for testing the distribution of multi-cluster perforating liquid and proppant in a large-scale field horizontal well, comprising a liquid storage tank, a sand mixing device, a pressure pump, a fracturing casing and at least one experimental box, wherein at least one perforating cluster is arranged on the fracturing casing, the perforating cluster comprises at least two perforating holes, and at least two liquid storage rooms are arranged in the experimental box;

[0007] The liquid storage tank is connected to the sand mixing device, the sand mixing device is connected to the pressure pump, the pressure pump is connected to the fracturing casing, the fracturing casing is arranged above the experimental box, the perforation clusters correspond to the experimental boxes one by one, and the perforation holes on the same perforation cluster are connected to the liquid storage rooms in the corresponding experimental boxes one by one;

[0008] The sand mixing device mixes the fracturing fluid provided by the fluid storage tank with the proppant to obtain the sand-carrying fluid, and the pressure pump transports the sand-carrying fluid to the fracturing casing and pumps it into the fluid storage room of each of the experimental boxes through the perforation holes on the perforation cluster.

[0009] In the embodiment of the present application, a scale is provided on the inner wall of the liquid storage room for reading the volume of the proppant and the fracturing fluid in the liquid storage room.

[0010] In an embodiment of the present application, the liquid storage room is communicated with the liquid storage tank, and is used to transport the sand-carrying liquid in the liquid storage room to the liquid storage tank.

[0011] In the embodiment of the present application, the liquid storage tank includes a tank body, a separation device, a fracturing fluid storage tank and a proppant storage tank, the liquid storage room is connected to the separation device, and the separation device is respectively connected to the fracturing fluid storage tank and the proppant storage tank;

[0012] The separation device is used to separate the sand-carrying fluid into the fracturing fluid and the proppant, and transport the fracturing fluid and the proppant to the fracturing fluid storage tank and the proppant storage tank respectively.

[0013] In the embodiment of the present application, a mixing box is also provided in the liquid storage tank;

[0014] The mixing box is communicated with the fracturing fluid storage box and the proppant storage box respectively, and the mixing box is used to preliminarily mix the fracturing fluid and the proppant and transport them to the sand mixing equipment.

[0015] In an embodiment of the present application, a monitoring device and two pressure sensors are also included. The two pressure sensors are respectively arranged at the discharge port of the sand mixing device and the discharge port of the pressure pump. The monitoring device is connected to each of the pressure sensors. The monitoring device monitors the pressure data of the discharge port of the sand mixing device and the discharge port of the pressure pump through the two pressure sensors.

[0016] In the embodiment of the present application, a flow sensor is further included. The flow sensor is respectively arranged at the outlet of the pressure pump and each of the perforation holes, and is used to detect the flow data of the outlet of the pressure pump and each of the perforation holes.

[0017] In the embodiment of the present application, the sand mixing equipment is a fracturing sand mixing truck, and the pressure pump is a fracturing pump truck.

[0018] In the embodiment of the present application, the diameter of the perforation hole is 8-15 mm.

[0019] In a second aspect, a method for testing the distribution of multi-cluster perforating fluid and proppant in a large-scale horizontal well on-site is also provided, using the modular device for testing the distribution of multi-cluster perforating fluid and proppant in a large-scale horizontal well on-site as described in the first aspect, and the method is as follows:

[0020] The fracturing fluid and the proppant are stored in the liquid storage tank in advance, and the liquid storage tank, the sand mixing device, the pressure pump and the fracturing casing are connected in sequence, and each of the perforated holes on the fracturing casing is connected to the corresponding liquid storage room;

[0021] The fracturing fluid and the proppant in the fluid storage tank are mixed by the sand mixing device to obtain the sand-carrying fluid;

[0022] Starting the pressure pump and delivering the sand-carrying fluid to the fracturing casing at a specified displacement, and pumping the sand-carrying fluid into the corresponding fluid storage compartment through the perforations on the fracturing casing;

[0023] After the pumping of the sand-carrying fluid in the fracturing casing is completed, the volume of the sand-carrying fluid in each of the fluid storage rooms is measured to obtain the outflow data of the sand-carrying fluid in each of the perforation holes.

[0024] The embodiment of the present application provides a large-scale field horizontal well multi-cluster perforating liquid and proppant distribution test modular device, including a liquid storage tank, a sand mixing device, a pressure pump, a fracturing casing and at least one experimental box, at least one perforation cluster is arranged on the fracturing casing, the perforation cluster includes at least two perforation holes, and at least two liquid storage rooms are arranged in the experimental box; the liquid storage tank is connected to the sand mixing device, the sand mixing device is connected to the pressure pump, the pressure pump is connected to the fracturing casing, the fracturing casing is arranged above the experimental box, the perforation cluster corresponds to the experimental box one by one, and each perforation hole on the same perforation cluster is respectively connected to each liquid storage room in the corresponding experimental box one by one. Through the large-scale field horizontal well multi-cluster perforating liquid and proppant distribution test modular device, the actual hydraulic fracturing process is simulated, and the sand-carrying liquid outflow data obtained by the simulation device can be used to obtain the sand-carrying liquid outflow data of each perforation hole on the downhole fracturing casing during the actual operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application, and together with the description, are used to explain the principles of the embodiments of the present application.

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the pumping process of a modular device for testing the distribution of multi-cluster perforating liquid and proppant for large-scale field horizontal wells provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 2A schematic diagram of the structure of a liquid storage tank in a modular device for testing the distribution of liquid and proppant for multi-cluster perforating of large-scale horizontal wells on site provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 3 A flowchart of a modular device for testing the distribution of multi-cluster perforating fluid and proppant for large-scale field horizontal wells provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Reference numerals:

[0030] 100-liquid storage tank;

[0031] 110-tank body;

[0032] 120-Separation equipment;

[0033] 130-Fracturing fluid storage tank;

[0034] 140- proppant storage tank;

[0035] 150-mixing box;

[0036] 200-sand mixing equipment;

[0037] 300-pressure pump;

[0038] 400-Fracturing casing;

[0039] 500-experimental box;

[0040] 510-Liquid storage room;

[0041] 600- Monitoring equipment;

[0042] 700-pressure sensor;

[0043] 800 - Flow sensor.

[0044] The above drawings have shown clear embodiments of the present application, which will be described in more detail later. These drawings and text descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way, but to illustrate the concept of the present application to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions in this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0046] The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. (if any) in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the numbers used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can, for example, be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0047] In the embodiments of the present application, the words "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a specific way.

[0048] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "inside", "outside", "top", "bottom", "front", "back", etc. indicating the orientation or position relationship (if any) are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0049] Definition: Sand-carrying fluid usually consists of fracturing fluid and proppant.

[0050] Hydraulic fracturing technology forms hydraulic fractures in rock formations, which can provide high-permeability channels for oil and gas flow, which is beneficial to oil and gas production. Since multiple hydraulic fractures need to be opened in the rock formation, multiple perforation clusters are set on the fracturing casing, and each perforation cluster includes multiple perforation holes. The amount of sand-carrying fluid entering each cluster of perforation holes largely determines the fracture transformation effect of the cluster. Understanding the amount of sand-carrying fluid entering the fracture is the key to evaluating the fracture expansion morphology and the fracturing transformation effect.

[0051] Since the fracturing horizontal wellbore is located in the underground reservoir, there is still no mature method to monitor the distribution law of the sand-carrying fluid in each cluster of holes in real time and quantitatively. The theoretical distribution data of the sand-carrying fluid can only be obtained through calculations using theoretical numerical models. However, the establishment of the numerical model is too ideal, and the physical process considered is relatively simplified. It is impossible to accurately simulate and analyze the distribution process of the sand-carrying fluid in the horizontal wellbore, and it is even more impossible to reflect the impact of the dynamic abrasion of the holes on the distribution of the sand-carrying fluid.

[0052] The calculation of the amount of sand-carrying fluid entering the fracture is mainly obtained by calculating the amount of sand-carrying fluid discharged from the perforation holes corresponding to each fracture, and the amount of sand-carrying fluid flowing out of each perforation hole can be calculated based on the flow data and pressure data in the fracturing casing, but the calculated value is based on the same value for each perforation hole. In the actual fracturing process, the perforation holes may be eroded, resulting in inconsistent hole sizes, which leads to different outflows of sand-carrying fluid from each perforation hole, so the results obtained based on the calculation are not accurate.

[0053] The modular device for testing the distribution of multi-cluster perforating fluid and proppant for large-scale field horizontal wells provided in the present application can simulate the distribution of sand-carrying fluid in each perforating hole in a water well, and adjust the perforating holes according to the simulation conditions, so as to apply the perforating hole parameters obtained by the simulation adjustment to the well, thereby ensuring that the amount of sand-carrying fluid entering each fracture in the well meets the regulations.

[0054] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, this embodiment provides a large-scale field horizontal well multi-cluster perforating fluid and proppant distribution test method and modular device to simulate the actual distribution of proppant in the sand-carrying fluid during the actual hydraulic fracturing process. The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0055] in, Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the pumping process of a modular device for testing the distribution of multi-cluster perforating fluid and proppant for large-scale field horizontal wells provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a liquid storage tank in a modular device for testing the distribution of liquid and proppant for multi-cluster perforating of large-scale horizontal wells on site provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 A flowchart of a modular device for testing the distribution of multi-cluster perforating fluid and proppant for large-scale field horizontal wells provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0056] like Figure 1 As shown, a modular device for testing the distribution of multi-cluster perforating liquid and proppant for large-scale field horizontal wells provided in an embodiment of the present application includes a liquid storage tank 100, a sand mixing device 200, a pressure pump 300, a fracturing casing 400 and at least one experimental box 500. At least one perforating cluster is arranged on the fracturing casing 400, and the perforating cluster includes at least two perforating holes. At least two liquid storage rooms 510 are arranged in each experimental box.

[0057] The liquid storage tank 100 is connected to the sand mixing device 200, the sand mixing device 200 is connected to the pressure pump 300, the pressure pump 300 is connected to the fracturing casing 400, the fracturing casing 400 is arranged above the experimental box 500, the perforation clusters correspond to the experimental box 500 one by one, and the perforation holes on the same perforation cluster are connected to the corresponding liquid storage rooms 510 in the experimental box 500 one by one.

[0058] The sand mixing device 200 mixes the fracturing fluid provided by the fluid storage tank 100 with the proppant to obtain the sand-carrying fluid, and the pressure pump 300 transports the sand-carrying fluid to the fracturing casing 400 and pumps it into the fluid storage room 510 of each experimental box 500 through the perforation holes on the perforation cluster.

[0059] The large-scale field horizontal well multi-cluster perforating liquid and proppant distribution test modular device is used to simulate the actual hydraulic fracturing field construction process. The simulated data is used to obtain the sand-carrying fluid distribution of each perforation hole of the fracturing casing 400 during the actual hydraulic fracturing process, which provides a reference for the actual hydraulic fracturing construction, thereby improving the transformation effect of the hydraulic fracture.

[0060] Among them, the liquid storage tank 100 is connected to the sand mixing equipment 200 through a pipeline, the sand mixing equipment 200 is connected to the pressure pump 300 through a pipeline, the pressure pump 300 is connected to the fracturing casing 400 through a pipeline, and the perforation holes on each perforation cluster on the fracturing casing 400 are connected to the liquid storage room 510 in each experimental box 500 through a high-pressure pipeline.

[0061] The sand mixing equipment 200 may be a fracturing sand mixing vehicle, and the pressure pump 300 may be a pressure pump 300 vehicle. When no test is needed, the fracturing sand mixing vehicle and the pressure pump vehicle may be disassembled and transferred to avoid waste of resources.

[0062] The fracturing casing 400 is provided with a plurality of perforation clusters, each of which is provided with a plurality of perforation holes. Each perforation cluster corresponds to an experimental box 500 .

[0063] The flow of sand-carrying fluid between the fluid storage tank 100, the sand mixing device 200, the pressure pump 300, the fracturing casing 400 and the experimental box 500 is used to simulate the process of the sand-carrying fluid being injected into the well from the wellhead and flowing out from the perforated holes. The distribution of the sand-carrying fluid can be observed by changing the experimental parameters, and the relationship between each experimental parameter and the distribution of the sand-carrying fluid can be observed.

[0064] Among them, the experimental parameters may include wellbore parameters (fracture wellbore material, wellbore diameter), perforation parameters (perforation mode, number of perforation clusters, perforation phase, perforation density), fracturing fluid parameters (liquid viscosity, fracturing fluid displacement, liquid volume), proppant parameters (proppant pumping concentration, total proppant, proppant particle size, proppant density, proppant type), etc. By observing the distribution of sand-carrying fluid under different experimental parameter conditions, actual simulation analysis is performed to improve the pumping accuracy of sand-carrying fluid in the actual pumping process and ensure that the fracture transformation effect is in the best state.

[0065] Exemplarily, the fracturing fluid may be various types of fracturing fluids, including water-based fracturing fluid, oil-based fracturing fluid, foam fracturing fluid, etc., and the proppant may be various types of proppant with different particle sizes and densities.

[0066] Among them, when the fracturing fluid is a water-based fracturing fluid, the proppant can be a quartz sand proppant with a particle size of 20 / 40 mesh and 40 / 70 mesh and a density of 2650kg / m3.

[0067] In the embodiment of the present application, at least two perforation clusters are arranged on the fracturing casing 400, and at least two liquid storage rooms 510 are arranged in the experimental box 500. The perforation holes on the perforation cluster are respectively connected to the liquid storage rooms 510 in the same experimental box 500. By measuring the content of the sand-carrying liquid in each liquid storage room 510, the distribution data of the sand-carrying liquid for the perforations on the same perforation cluster are obtained.

[0068] Each perforation hole is externally connected to a high-pressure pipeline to the liquid storage room 510. The fracturing casing 400 is located above the liquid storage room 510, and each perforation cluster corresponds to an experimental box 500 to store and record the volume of the sand-carrying fluid flowing out of each perforation hole, that is, the outflow amount of the sand-carrying fluid of each perforation hole.

[0069] The perforated holes on the fracturing casing 400 may be perforated by a perforating gun or mechanically drilled. It should be noted that before fracturing, the diameter of each perforated hole is measured and recorded.

[0070] Exemplarily, the fracturing casing 400 may be made of different materials and have different diameters. The number of perforation clusters on the fracturing casing 400 is 2 to 15 clusters, and the perforation phases are 0°, 60°, 90°, 120°, and 180°.

[0071] The material of the fracturing casing can be carbon steel, such as J55 and K55, which meet the API standard steel grade and are suitable for wells with medium depth and pressure. Such as N80 and L80, these steel grades have higher strength and corrosion resistance and are suitable for deeper and higher pressure wells. Choose according to the depth in the actual fracturing operation.

[0072] The material of the fracturing casing can be alloy steel, such as P110, which has higher strength and corrosion resistance and is suitable for high-pressure and high-temperature wells.

[0073] The material of the fracturing casing can be stainless steel, such as 13Cr and Super 13Cr, which have excellent corrosion resistance and are suitable for corrosive environments containing high concentrations of CO2 and H2S.

[0074] The material of the fracturing casing can be nickel-based alloys, such as Inconel and Hastelloy. These high-performance alloys are used in extremely corrosive environments and under high temperature and high pressure conditions.

[0075] When selecting the material of the fracturing casing, multiple factors need to be considered, including the depth, pressure, temperature, presence of corrosive media, and economic cost of the well. Different materials have their specific application scenarios and advantages and disadvantages, so in actual applications, comprehensive evaluation and selection are required based on specific circumstances.

[0076] In the embodiment of the present application, a scale is provided on the inner wall of the liquid storage room 510 for reading the volume of the sand-carrying fluid, thereby directly obtaining the outflow of the sand-carrying fluid from the perforation holes.

[0077] After standing for a period of time, the proppant and fracturing fluid in the sand-carrying fluid will be separated into layers, and the laying depths of the fracturing fluid and the proppant can be read according to the scale, thereby calculating their volume ratio, and further obtaining the volume ratio of the fracturing fluid and the proppant contained in the sand-carrying fluid flowing out of different perforations, and obtaining the influence of parameters such as the diameter or phase of different perforations on the content of fracturing fluid and proppant in the sand-carrying fluid flowing out of the same perforation.

[0078] Since the perforations will be eroded by the sand-carrying fluid during the pumping process, the degree of perforation erosion can be measured by the degree of change in the diameter of the perforations before and after fracturing, which also serves as a good reference for the degree of perforation erosion in the actual fracturing environment.

[0079] In the embodiment of the present application, the liquid storage room 510 is communicated with the liquid storage tank 100 for transporting the fracturing fluid in the liquid storage room 510 to the liquid storage tank 100 .

[0080] The fracturing fluid and proppant in the fluid storage room 510 can be recycled after the experiment to save materials.

[0081] like Figure 2 As shown, in the embodiment of the present application, the liquid storage tank 100 includes a tank body 110, a separation device 120, a fracturing fluid storage box 130 and a proppant storage box 140, the liquid storage room 510 is connected to the separation device 120, and the separation device 120 is connected to the fracturing fluid storage box 130 and the proppant storage box 140 respectively.

[0082] The separation device 120 is used to separate the sand-carrying fluid into fracturing fluid and proppant, and transport the fracturing fluid and proppant to the fracturing fluid storage tank 130 and the proppant storage tank 140 respectively, thereby achieving separation and storage of the fracturing fluid and the proppant.

[0083] In the embodiment of the present application, a mixing box 150 is further provided in the liquid storage tank 100 ; the mixing box 150 is connected to the fracturing fluid storage box 130 and the proppant storage box 140 respectively, and the mixing box 150 is used to preliminarily mix the fracturing fluid and the proppant and transport them to the sand mixing equipment 200 .

[0084] Since the separated proppant is a powdered solid, the proppant storage box 140 is arranged above the mixing box 150, and the proppant can be transported to the mixing box 150 by opening the valve.

[0085] In the embodiment of the present application, a monitoring device 600 and two pressure sensors 700 are also included. The two pressure sensors 700 are respectively arranged at the discharge port of the sand mixing device 200 and the discharge port of the pressure pump 300. The monitoring device 600 is connected to each pressure sensor 700. The monitoring device 600 monitors the pressure data of the discharge port of the sand mixing device 200 and the discharge port of the pressure pump 300 through the two pressure sensors 700. This ensures that the pressure in the monitoring device meets the regulations at any time.

[0086] In the embodiment of the present application, a flow sensor 800 is also included. The flow sensor 800 is respectively arranged at the outlet of the pressure pump 300 and each perforation hole, and is used to detect the flow data of the outlet of the pressure pump 300 and each perforation hole. The relationship between the pressure and the degree of abrasion of the perforation hole is observed by changing the pumping pressure. For example, the greater the pumping pressure, the faster the abrasion speed of the perforation hole.

[0087] For example, after the pumping pressure is fixed, the abrasion degree of perforations made of different materials can be tested by changing the material of the fracturing casing.

[0088] In the embodiment of the present application, the number of perforations on each perforation cluster is 1-12, and the diameter of the perforations is 8-15 mm. The distribution of fracturing fluid and proppant, as well as the degree of abrasion of the perforations, can be determined by changing the number of perforations on each perforation cluster and the diameter of the perforations, which can be used as a reference in actual fracturing.

[0089] In the embodiment of the present application, a monitoring device is also included. The monitoring device is arranged at the liquid outlet of the sand mixing device 200 and is used to measure the pumping pressure of the sand mixing device 200.

[0090] In this embodiment, the detection equipment includes an instrument vehicle, which is connected to the pipeline between the fracturing sand mixing vehicle and the pressure pump 300 vehicle, and is used to record the pressure and displacement data of the sand mixing equipment 200 during the pumping process in real time.

[0091] Among them, the detection equipment also includes an integrated orifice flow meter, which is respectively arranged on the high-pressure pipeline at the inlet end of the fracturing casing 400 and the outlet end of each perforation hole, and can transmit the real-time flow data during the pumping process to the instrument vehicle, through which the flow conditions at various locations can be observed.

[0092] like Figure 3As shown, the embodiment of the present application also provides a large-scale field horizontal well multi-cluster perforating liquid and proppant distribution test method, which is applied to the above-mentioned large-scale field horizontal well multi-cluster perforating liquid and proppant distribution test modular device, and the method is as follows:

[0093] S100, pre-store fracturing fluid and proppant in a liquid storage tank 100, and sequentially connect the liquid storage tank 100, the sand mixing device 200, the pressure pump 300, the fracturing casing 400 and the experimental box 500 through pipelines;

[0094] S200, mixing the fracturing fluid and the proppant in the fluid storage tank 100 through the sand mixing device 200 to obtain a sand-carrying fluid;

[0095] S300, start the pressure pump 300 and deliver the sand-carrying fluid to the fracturing casing 400 according to the specified displacement, and pump each experimental box 500 through the fracturing casing 400;

[0096] S400, after the pumping of the fracturing casing 400 is completed, the proppant content in each experimental box 500 is measured, and the dynamic distribution of the proppant in the fracturing casing 400 is obtained through the measurement results.

[0097] The fracturing casing 400 needs to be perforated in advance according to the specified perforation cluster number, phase and density, and installed on the experimental box 500, and finally the various components are connected through pipelines.

[0098] The storage tank 100 is provided with a fracturing fluid storage space and a proppant storage space. When the two need to be mixed, they are directly transported to the sand mixing device 200 at the same time according to a set ratio. The sand mixing device 200 fully mixes the two to obtain a sand-carrying fluid with a uniform ratio.

[0099] The pressure pump 300 pumps the sand-carrying fluid output by the sand mixing device 200 into the fracturing casing 400, and pumps it into each experimental box 500 through each perforation hole on the fracturing casing 400. After the pumping is completed, the volume of the fracturing fluid and the proppant in the sand-carrying fluid in each experimental box 500 is read to obtain the distribution of the fracturing fluid and the proppant in the sand-carrying fluid by each perforation hole on the fracturing casing 400.

[0100] In the embodiment of the present application, after S100, pre-storing the fracturing fluid and the proppant in the liquid storage tank 100, and sequentially connecting the liquid storage tank 100, the sand mixing device 200, the pressure pump 300, the fracturing casing 400 and the experimental box 500 through pipelines, it also includes:

[0101] Clean water is injected into the fracturing casing 400 through the pressure pump 300 to detect the sealing performance of the fracturing casing 400 .

[0102] Specifically, clean water is injected into the pressure pump 300 at a low displacement and the pressure pump 300 is started, each valve switch is adjusted, and the sealing performance of the fracturing casing 400 and the flowability of each perforation hole are tested to prevent the leakage of the fracturing casing 400 and the flowability of each perforation hole from affecting the experimental results.

[0103] In the embodiment of the present application, S400, after the pumping of the fracturing casing 400 is completed, the proppant content in each experimental box 500 is measured, and after the dynamic distribution of the fracturing casing 400 to the proppant is obtained through the measurement results, the following is also included:

[0104] The diameter of each perforation on the fracturing casing 400 is measured to detect the degree of abrasion of the perforation during the pumping process. The influence of the abrasion of the perforation on the distribution of the fracturing fluid and the proppant in the sand-carrying fluid during the subsequent pumping process can be further inferred, so that people can make adjustments during the pumping process.

[0105] In the embodiment of the present application, S400, after the pumping of the fracturing casing 400 is completed, the proppant content in each experimental box 500 is measured, and after the dynamic distribution of the fracturing casing 400 to the proppant is obtained through the measurement results, the following is also included:

[0106] The fluid storage tank 100 recovers the sand-carrying fluid in each experimental box 500 and separates the sand-carrying fluid into a fracturing fluid and a proppant.

[0107] The liquid storage tank 100 is provided with a separation device, through which the sand-carrying liquid is separated into fracturing liquid and proppant, and the fracturing liquid and proppant are respectively sent into the fracturing liquid storage space and the proppant storage space.

[0108] The embodiment of the present application provides a large-scale field horizontal well multi-cluster perforating liquid and proppant distribution test modular device, including a liquid storage tank, a sand mixing device, a pressure pump, a fracturing casing and at least one experimental box. The liquid storage tank is connected to the sand mixing device, the sand mixing device is connected to the pressure pump, the pressure pump is connected to the fracturing casing, and the fracturing casing is connected to each experimental box. The sand mixing device mixes the fracturing fluid provided by the liquid storage tank with the proppant to obtain a sand-carrying liquid, and the pressure pump pumps the sand-carrying liquid into each experimental box through the fracturing casing. After the pumping is completed, the proppant content in the sand-carrying liquid in each experimental box is measured to obtain the distribution data of the fracturing casing to the proppant.

[0109] The actual hydraulic fracturing field construction process is simulated by a large-scale field horizontal well multi-cluster perforating liquid and proppant distribution test modular device. The dynamic distribution of fracturing fluid and proppant by fracturing casing during the actual hydraulic fracturing process is obtained through simulated data, thereby improving the fracture transformation effect.

[0110] The modular device for testing the distribution of multi-cluster perforating fluid and proppant for large-scale on-site horizontal wells proposed by the present invention can take into account the dynamic abrasive effect of sand-carrying fluid on the perforation holes.

[0111] The modular device for testing the distribution of fracturing fluid and proppant for multi-cluster perforation of large-scale horizontal wells on site proposed in the present invention places the fracturing casing on a plurality of partitioned experimental boxes, and connects the outlet of each cluster of perforation holes to a designated fluid storage tank with a high-pressure pipeline, so as to conveniently and accurately record the distribution of fracturing fluid and proppant for holes in different perforation clusters.

[0112] The large-scale field horizontal well multi-cluster perforating fluid and proppant distribution test method and modular device proposed in the present invention can repeatedly carry out experiments, and the fracturing fluid and proppant can be recycled and reused.

[0113] The large-scale field horizontal well multi-cluster perforating liquid and proppant distribution test method and modular device proposed in the present invention can be used for simulation analysis under different engineering parameter conditions.

[0114] So far, the technical solution of the present application has been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present application is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments, and the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present application rather than to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

[0115] In general, terms should be understood, at least in part, by the context in which they are used. For example, the terms "one or more" as used herein may be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in a singular sense, or may be used to describe a combination of features, structures, or characteristics in a plural sense, depending, at least in part, on the context. Similarly, terms such as "one" or "a plurality of" may also be understood to convey singular usage or to convey plural usage, depending, at least in part, on the context.

[0116] It should be easily understood that “on,” “above,” and “over” in the present disclosure should be interpreted in the broadest manner, so that “on” not only means “directly on something,” but also includes the meaning of “on something” with intervening features or layers therebetween, and “above” or “over” not only includes the meaning of “above” or “over,” but also may include the meaning of “above” or “over something” with no intervening features or layers therebetween (i.e., directly on something).

Claims

1. A modular device for testing the distribution of multi-cluster perforating fluid and proppant in large-scale horizontal wells on site, characterized in that: The invention comprises a liquid storage tank (100), a sand mixing device (200), a pressure pump (300), a fracturing casing (400) and at least one experimental box (500), wherein at least one perforation cluster is arranged on the fracturing casing (400), the perforation cluster comprises at least two perforation holes, and at least two liquid storage rooms (510) are arranged in the experimental box (500); The liquid storage tank (100) is in communication with the sand mixing device (200), the sand mixing device (200) is in communication with the pressure pump (300), the pressure pump (300) is in communication with the fracturing casing (400), the fracturing casing (400) is arranged above the experimental box (500), the perforation clusters correspond to the experimental box (500) one by one, and the perforation holes on the same perforation cluster are in communication with the liquid storage rooms (510) in the corresponding experimental box (500) one by one; The sand mixing device (200) mixes the fracturing fluid provided by the fluid storage tank (100) with the proppant to obtain a sand-carrying fluid, and the pressure pump (300) transports the sand-carrying fluid to the fracturing casing (400), and pumps the sand-carrying fluid into the fluid storage room (510) of each of the experimental boxes (500) through the perforation holes on the perforation cluster; The liquid storage room (510) is in communication with the liquid storage tank (100) and is used to transport the sand-carrying liquid in the liquid storage room (510) into the liquid storage tank (100); The liquid storage tank (100) comprises a tank body (110), a separation device (120), a fracturing fluid storage tank (130) and a proppant storage tank (140); the liquid storage room (510) is connected to the separation device (120); and the separation device (120) is respectively connected to the fracturing fluid storage tank (130) and the proppant storage tank (140); The separation device (120) is used to separate the sand-carrying fluid into the fracturing fluid and the proppant, and transport the fracturing fluid and the proppant to the fracturing fluid storage tank (130) and the proppant storage tank (140) respectively; A mixing box (150) is also provided in the liquid storage tank (100); The mixing box (150) is respectively connected to the fracturing fluid storage box (130) and the proppant storage box (140), and the mixing box (150) is used to preliminarily mix the fracturing fluid and the proppant and transport them to the sand mixing device (200).

2. The modular device for testing the distribution of multi-cluster perforating fluid and proppant for large-scale horizontal wells in the field according to claim 1, characterized in that: A scale is provided on the inner wall of the liquid storage room (510) for reading the volume of the sand-carrying liquid in the liquid storage room (510).

3. The modular device for testing the distribution of multi-cluster perforating fluid and proppant for large-scale field horizontal wells according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: It also includes a monitoring device (600) and two pressure sensors (700), wherein the two pressure sensors (700) are respectively arranged at the discharge port of the sand mixing device (200) and the discharge port of the pressure pump (300), and the monitoring device (600) is connected to each of the pressure sensors (700). The monitoring device (600) monitors the pressure data of the discharge port of the sand mixing device (200) and the discharge port of the pressure pump (300) through the two pressure sensors (700).

4. The modular device for testing the distribution of multi-cluster perforating fluid and proppant for large-scale field horizontal wells according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a flow sensor (800), which is respectively arranged at the outlet of the pressure pump (300) and each of the perforation holes, and is used to detect flow data of the outlet of the pressure pump (300) and each of the perforation holes.

5. The modular device for testing the distribution of multi-cluster perforating fluid and proppant for large-scale field horizontal wells according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The sand mixing equipment (200) is a fracturing sand mixing vehicle, and the pressure pump (300) is a fracturing pump vehicle.

6. The modular device for testing the distribution of multi-cluster perforating fluid and proppant for large-scale field horizontal wells according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The diameter of the perforation holes is 8-15 mm.

7. A method for testing the distribution of multi-cluster perforating fluid and proppant in large-scale horizontal wells on site, characterized in that: The modular device for testing the distribution of multi-cluster perforating fluid and proppant for large-scale field horizontal wells according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is used, and the method is as follows: The fracturing fluid and the proppant are stored in the fluid storage tank (100) in advance, and the fluid storage tank (100), the sand mixing device (200), the pressure pump (300) and the fracturing casing (400) are connected in sequence, and each of the perforated holes on the fracturing casing (400) is connected to the corresponding fluid storage room (510); The fracturing fluid and the proppant in the fluid storage tank (100) are mixed by the sand mixing device (200) to obtain the sand-carrying fluid; Starting the pressure pump (300) and delivering the sand-carrying fluid to the fracturing casing (400) at a specified displacement, and pumping the sand-carrying fluid into the corresponding fluid storage chamber (510) through the perforated holes on the fracturing casing (400); After the pumping of the sand-carrying fluid in the fracturing casing (400) is completed, the volume of the sand-carrying fluid in each of the fluid storage rooms (510) is measured to obtain the outflow data of the sand-carrying fluid in each of the perforated holes.

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