A self-moving split support system for fully mechanized tunnels and its application method

Abstract

This invention relates to a self-moving split support system for fully mechanized tunnels and its usage method. The self-moving split support unit includes a lateral movement drive device, a forward movement drive device, a support plate device, and a column hydraulic cylinder. The deployment, retraction, lateral movement, and forward movement of the self-moving split support unit are achieved through the coordinated operation of six hydraulic cylinders. The self-moving split support system consists of two or more self-moving split support units, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the coal mine roadway and spaced at equal intervals along the direction of the tunneling machine's advance. Each self-moving split support unit includes a retracted state and an deployed state. In the retracted state, the self-moving split support unit can circulate and move without interference through the gap between the coal mine roadway and the tunneling machine to the facing roadway for advanced support. This invention can achieve long-distance advanced support by increasing the number of self-moving split support units, allowing sufficient time for anchoring operations and effectively improving the efficiency of roadway excavation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of advanced support technology for fully mechanized tunnels, specifically relating to a self-moving split support system for fully mechanized tunnels and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous upgrading of coal mining machinery towards unmanned and automated operations, the speed of fully mechanized mining faces is increasing, and most mines are facing the problem of an imbalance between mining and tunneling ratios. The extremely high ground pressure in deep mines leads to a sharp increase in the difficulty of roadway support, and there has been no fundamental breakthrough in tunneling support technology and equipment. The sequential operation method of tunneling and supporting is still adopted, with the tunneling machine operating rate being less than 30%.

[0003] Currently, my country's fully mechanized tunneling faces primarily employ three methods: First, using tunneling machines (TBMs) in conjunction with temporary support, or using integrated tunneling and anchoring machines (TOMs) for integrated tunneling. The main drawback of this method is the significant difference in time between tunneling and support operations; anchoring time accounts for 50% to 70% of the total working time compared to tunneling speed, severely impacting overall tunneling efficiency. Second, using TBMs in conjunction with rapid support platforms and anchoring devices or scaffolding devices. This has proven effective in some mining companies, but it also suffers from problems such as repeated roof support leading to roof breakage, short support distances, and low levels of automation, making true parallel tunneling, anchoring, and support operations difficult to achieve. Third, using TBMs for tunneling operations. Its advantages include high levels of automation and automation, but its disadvantages include high investment costs, low tunneling flexibility, and difficulty in adapting to most mining companies.

[0004] To address the above problems, patents "CN111605466B" and "CN113882889B," and patent application "CN106050284A" are typical examples. Moving the portal frame support to the facing roadway requires specialized equipment. This equipment allows the portal frame support to be moved from the rear of the roadway to the facing roadway, thus solving the problem of repeated roadway support. While this solution largely solves the problem of repeated roadway support, its inherent limitations still restrict the development of support equipment and affect the roadway support effect, as detailed below:

[0005] 1) The transport vehicle has poor mobility and is not flexible in turning.

[0006] The aforementioned publicly disclosed solutions for transporting special equipment gantry supports use gantry support transport vehicles. However, these vehicles require repeated adjustments to ensure the accuracy of the gantry support installation position. Furthermore, the narrow aisles make the adjustment of the entire vehicle even more difficult, which is not conducive to the rapid transport of gantry supports.

[0007] 2) The lifting and transportation devices of advanced support equipment are relatively complex and have poor adaptability.

[0008] The aforementioned publicly disclosed advanced support equipment transportation method adopts the method of setting up a lifting and transportation device inside the portal frame structure. However, due to the overly complex structure of the lifting device, the device for grabbing the support bears a heavy burden in the harsh underground working conditions. It has high strength requirements for the lifting device, high positioning requirements, and the support position adjustment is difficult. Moreover, when the portal frame is retracted, it has a significant impact on the portal frame that is generating high constant resistance during transportation. The coupling performance between the portal frame and the surrounding rock mechanics is reduced. Therefore, the transportation effect of the support is generally poor, which leads to the inability to keep up with the tunneling machine in time and affects the overall tunneling efficiency.

[0009] 3) The collaborative operation capability between advanced support equipment and tunneling equipment is poor, resulting in low overall efficiency in coal roadway construction.

[0010] The aforementioned advanced support equipment, due to its large structural size, is difficult to provide timely support for the 1-2 meter tunnel behind the tunneling machine's cutting face, and it is difficult to achieve coordinated operation with the tunneling equipment; thus, the overall working performance of the fully mechanized tunneling face equipment system cannot be fully utilized, resulting in low overall work efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The purpose of this invention is to provide a self-moving split support system for fully mechanized tunnels and its usage method. This equipment has a high degree of automation, strong adaptability, flexible movement, and is easy to operate, providing a solution to the aforementioned background technology.

[0012] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved by the following technical solution: a self-moving split support system for fully mechanized tunnels, comprising two or more self-moving split support units; the self-moving split support units achieve the actions of unfolding, retracting, lateral movement, and forward movement of the self-moving split support units through the coordinated operation of six hydraulic cylinders; the self-moving split support units have a retracted state and an unfolded state, and can switch between the retracted state and the unfolded state; in the retracted state, the volume of the self-moving split support unit is half that of the self-moving split support unit in the unfolded state; the self-moving split support units are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the coal mine roadway and arranged at certain intervals in the forward direction of the tunneling machine; in the retracted state, the self-moving split support units can move cyclically to the facing roadway without interference through the gap between the coal mine roadway and the tunneling machine to provide advance support.

[0013] The self-moving split support unit includes a lateral movement drive device, a forward movement drive device, a support plate device, a column hydraulic cylinder, a side-top hydraulic cylinder, and a first telescopic hydraulic cylinder. The lateral movement drive device is connected to the bottom of the column hydraulic cylinder by bolts. The upper and lower flanges at the top of the column hydraulic cylinder are connected to the forward movement drive device by bolts. The support plate device is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the column hydraulic cylinder, and multiple hinged lifting lug bases are welded to the support plate device. The end of the side-top hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the hinged base of the support plate device by a pin. The support plate device is hinged to the lifting lug of the forward movement drive device by a pin. The first telescopic hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the lifting lug of the forward movement drive device by a pin. The lifting lug base of the support plate device is hinged to the first telescopic hydraulic cylinder by a pin.

[0014] The lateral movement drive device includes a lateral movement guide shaft, a lateral movement hydraulic cylinder, a lateral movement inner base, and a lateral movement outer base. The lateral movement guide shaft is welded to the inner side of the lateral movement outer base and is slidably engaged with the lateral movement inner base. The lateral movement hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the lateral movement outer base and the lateral movement inner base respectively via pins. The lateral movement hydraulic cylinder moves a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the lateral movement outer base moves a certain distance relative to the lateral movement inner base, thereby completing the lateral movement action.

[0015] The forward movement drive device includes a top beam, a sliding platform, and a propulsion hydraulic cylinder. The rear of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the sliding platform by bolts and nuts, and the front of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the top beam by threads. The sliding platform has a sliding block inside. The propulsion hydraulic cylinder moves a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the top beam moves a certain distance relative to the sliding platform, so as to complete the forward movement.

[0016] The support plate device includes a first support plate, a second telescopic hydraulic cylinder, a third telescopic hydraulic cylinder, and a third support plate. The first support plate is hinged to the second support plate via a pin. The lifting lug of the first support plate is hinged to the second telescopic hydraulic cylinder via a pin. The lifting lug of the second support plate is hinged to the third telescopic hydraulic cylinder via a pin. The third telescopic hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the lifting lug of the third support plate via a pin. The second support plate has a sliding groove that can slide with the third support plate.

[0017] A method for using a self-moving split support system for fully mechanized tunnels, wherein the shrinkage and movement process of the self-moving split support system includes the following steps:

[0018] S1: In the deployed state, the self-moving split support unit retracts a certain distance under hydraulic drive through the side top hydraulic cylinder, the first telescopic hydraulic cylinder and the third telescopic hydraulic cylinder. At this time, the self-moving split support unit is in the retracted state.

[0019] S2: The column hydraulic cylinder retracts a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the self-moving split support unit in the retracted state completes the lowering operation;

[0020] S3: The third telescopic hydraulic cylinder extends a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the self-moving split support unit in the retracted state completes the small lifting stage;

[0021] S4: The lateral hydraulic cylinder extends a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the self-moving split support unit in the retracted state completes the lateral movement process.

[0022] S5: After moving a certain distance laterally in S4 and reaching the predetermined position, the column hydraulic cylinder retracts a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the outer base moves laterally away from the ground;

[0023] S6: The lateral outer base leaves the ground, and the hydraulic cylinder extends a certain distance under hydraulic drive, completing the forward movement stage of the lateral outer base;

[0024] S7: After the side-moving outer base completes the forward movement, the column hydraulic cylinder extends a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the self-moving split support unit in the retracted state completes the small lifting stage, and the third support plate leaves the ground.

[0025] S8: The hydraulic cylinder retracts a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the top beam moves forward. Thus, the self-moving split support unit in the retracted state moves forward. This cycle continues until the unit moves forward to the predetermined position.

[0026] A method for using a self-moving split-type support system for fully mechanized tunnels, wherein the process of the self-moving split-type support system supporting the tunnel includes the following steps:

[0027] S1: After the self-moving split support unit in the contracted state moves to the predetermined position, the column hydraulic cylinder extends a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the top beam contacts the roof of the fully mechanized tunnel.

[0028] S2: In the retracted state, the self-moving split support unit extends a certain distance under hydraulic drive through the side top hydraulic cylinder, the first telescopic hydraulic cylinder and the third telescopic hydraulic cylinder. At this time, the self-moving split support unit is in the unfolded state.

[0029] S3: The third telescopic hydraulic cylinder extends a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the third support plates of the self-moving split support unit in the deployed state come into contact with each other; at this point, the self-moving split support unit in the deployed state achieves advanced support for the fully mechanized tunnel.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0031] 1) This invention enables the self-movement of the split support unit through the coordinated operation of multiple hydraulic cylinders, effectively avoiding squeezing and sliding damage to the roadway roof and sidewalls.

[0032] The self-moving split support unit of this invention is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the coal mine roadway and spaced at regular intervals in the direction of the tunneling machine's advance, enabling better control of the surrounding rock. After the tail end of the support system has been permanently supported, the self-moving split support unit enables the support system to operate in a self-circulating manner, avoiding the damage to the top rock layer caused by the repeated support of traditional support equipment.

[0033] 2) The present invention can achieve long-distance support by increasing the number of self-moving split support units.

[0034] When carrying out tunnel work, this invention can achieve long-distance support by increasing the number of self-moving split support units, allowing sufficient time for anchoring operations, which greatly improves the efficiency of tunnel excavation and the matching degree between anchoring and excavation operations.

[0035] 3) The present invention can improve the initial support force and stability of the split support unit through the interaction of multiple hydraulic cylinders and support plates.

[0036] The self-moving split support unit of this invention employs a side-top hydraulic cylinder technique. The vertical stress generated by the roadway roof on the self-moving split support unit can be applied to the roadway sidewalls sequentially through the first support plate, the second support plate, and the side-top hydraulic cylinder, effectively increasing the initial support force of the self-moving split support unit. Simultaneously, the deployed self-moving split support units on both sides of the roadway utilize a third telescopic hydraulic cylinder to drive the third support plate, causing the horizontal stress generated by the roadway sidewalls on the self-moving split support unit to cancel each other out, thereby preventing the self-moving split support unit from tilting along the working face towards the floor.

[0037] 4) The present invention has a compact structure and high space utilization.

[0038] The self-moving split support unit of this invention can perform actions such as deployment, retraction, lateral movement, and forward movement under different working environments. It has a compact structure and small volume. In addition, because the self-moving split support unit occupies little roadway space, it can move to the facing roadway without interference to perform advanced support, providing space for the coordinated operation of other equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0039] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below.

[0040] Figure 1A side view of the working face of a self-moving split support system for fully mechanized tunnels according to the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 A front view of a self-moving split support system for fully mechanized tunnels according to the present invention at the working face;

[0042] Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a self-moving split support unit for fully mechanized tunnels of the present invention, showing its contraction, lateral movement, and forward movement;

[0043] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a self-moving split support unit for a fully mechanized tunnel according to the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the forward and lateral movement structure of a self-moving split support unit for a fully mechanized tunnel according to the present invention;

[0045] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the support plate structure of a self-moving split support unit for fully mechanized tunnels according to the present invention;

[0046] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the top beam structure of a self-moving split support unit for a fully mechanized tunnel according to the present invention.

[0047] The labels in the diagram represent: 1. Fully mechanized tunnel; 2. Tunneling machine; 3. Self-moving split support unit; 4. Lateral movement drive device; 4-1. Lateral movement guide shaft; 4-2. Lateral movement hydraulic cylinder; 4-3. Lateral movement inner base; 4-4. Lateral movement outer base; 5. Column hydraulic cylinder; 6. Side top hydraulic cylinder; 7. Forward movement drive device; 7-1. Top beam; 7-2. Sliding platform; 7-3. Propulsion hydraulic cylinder; 8. Support plate device; 8-1. First support plate; 8-2. Second telescopic hydraulic cylinder; 8-3. Second support plate; 8-4. Third telescopic hydraulic cylinder; 8-5. Third support plate; 9. First telescopic hydraulic cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0048] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of the present invention easier to understand, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0049] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3A self-moving split support system for a fully mechanized tunnel includes two or more self-moving split support units 3. A tunneling machine 2 is responsible for the mining work ahead of the fully mechanized tunnel 1. The self-moving split support units 3 utilize the coordinated operation of six hydraulic cylinders to achieve actions such as deployment, retraction, lateral movement, and forward movement. Each self-moving split support unit 3 includes a retracted state and an deployed state, and can switch between these states. In the retracted state, the volume of the self-moving split support unit 3 is half that of the deployed state. The self-moving split support units 3 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fully mechanized tunnel 1 and spaced at regular intervals along the forward direction of the tunneling machine 2, enabling better control of the surrounding rock. After the tail end of the self-moving split support system is permanently supported, in the contracted state, the self-moving split support unit 3 can move to the facing roadway without interference through the gap between the fully mechanized tunnel 1 and the tunneling machine 2 to provide advance support. In the deployed state, the self-moving split support unit 3 provides support for the fully mechanized tunnel 1.

[0050] See Figure 4 The self-moving split support unit includes a side-moving drive device 4, a forward-moving drive device 7, a support plate device 8, a column hydraulic cylinder 5, a side-top hydraulic cylinder 6, and a first telescopic hydraulic cylinder 9. The side-moving drive device 4 is connected to the bottom of the column hydraulic cylinder 5 by bolts. The upper and lower flanges at the top of the column hydraulic cylinder 5 are connected to the forward-moving drive device 7 by bolts. The column hydraulic cylinder 5 can extend and retract vertically. The support plate device 8 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the column hydraulic cylinder 5, and multiple hinged lifting lug bases are welded on the support plate device 8. The end of the side-top hydraulic cylinder 6 is hinged to the hinged base of the support plate device 8 by a pin. The support plate device 8 is hinged to the lifting lug of the forward-moving drive device 7 by a pin. The first telescopic hydraulic cylinder 9 is hinged to the lifting lug of the forward-moving drive device 7 by a pin. The lifting lug base of the support plate device 8 is hinged to the first telescopic hydraulic cylinder 9 by a pin.

[0051] See Figure 5 The lateral movement drive device 4 includes a lateral movement guide shaft 4-1, a lateral movement hydraulic cylinder 4-2, a lateral movement inner base 4-3, and a lateral movement outer base 4-4. The lateral movement guide shaft 4-1 is welded to the inner side of the lateral movement outer base 4-4, and the lateral movement guide shaft 4-1 is slidably engaged with the lateral movement inner base 4-3. The lateral movement hydraulic cylinder 4-2 is hinged to the lateral movement outer base 4-4 and the lateral movement inner base 4-3 respectively via pins. Under hydraulic drive, the lateral movement hydraulic cylinder 4-2 moves a certain distance, and the lateral movement outer base 4-4 moves a certain distance relative to the lateral movement inner base 4-3, thus performing lateral movement on the side of the roadway to adjust to a suitable support position.

[0052] See Figure 5The forward drive device 7 includes a top beam 7-1, a sliding platform 7-2, and a propulsion hydraulic cylinder 7-3. The rear of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder 7-3 is fixedly connected to the sliding platform 7-2 by bolts and nuts, and the front of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder 7-3 is fixedly connected to the top beam 7-1 by threads. The sliding platform 7-2 has a sliding block inside. The propulsion hydraulic cylinder 7-3 moves a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the top beam 7-1 moves a certain distance relative to the sliding platform 7-2, so that the self-moving split support unit 3 can move forward to keep up with the progress of the tunneling machine and achieve timely support.

[0053] See Figure 6 The support plate device 8 includes a first support plate 8-1, a second telescopic hydraulic cylinder 8-2, a second support plate 8-3, a third telescopic hydraulic cylinder 8-4, and a third support plate 8-5. The first support plate 8-1 is hinged to the second support plate 8-3 via a pin. The lifting lug of the first support plate 8-1 is hinged to the second telescopic hydraulic cylinder 8-2 via a pin. The lifting lug of the second support plate 8-3 is hinged to the third telescopic hydraulic cylinder 8-4 via a pin. The third telescopic hydraulic cylinder 8-4 is hinged to the lifting lug of the third support plate 8-5 via a pin. The second support plate 8-3 has a sliding groove that allows it to slide with the third support plate 8-5. In coordination, the vertical stress generated by the roof plate on the self-moving split support unit 3 can be applied to the sidewall of the fully mechanized tunnel 1 through the first support plate 8-1, the second support plate 8-3, and the side-top hydraulic cylinder 6 in sequence, which can effectively improve the initial support force of the self-moving split support unit 3. At the same time, in the deployed state arranged on both sides of the fully mechanized tunnel 1, the self-moving split support unit 3 drives the third support plate 8-5 by the third telescopic hydraulic cylinder 8-4, and the horizontal stress generated by the sidewall of the fully mechanized tunnel 1 on the self-moving split support unit 3 cancels each other out, thereby preventing the self-moving split support unit 3 from tilting along the working face towards the bottom plate.

[0054] A method for using a self-moving split support system for fully mechanized tunnels, comprising the following steps:

[0055] S1: Before retraction, ensure that all hydraulic cylinders are in the state of pressure release. In the deployed state, the self-moving split support unit 3 retracts a certain distance under the hydraulic drive of the side top hydraulic cylinder 6, the first telescopic hydraulic cylinder 9 and the third telescopic hydraulic cylinder 8-4. At this time, the state is the self-moving split support unit 3 in the retracted state.

[0056] S2: The column hydraulic cylinder 5 retracts a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the self-moving split support unit 3 completes the lowering operation in the retracted state;

[0057] S3: The third telescopic hydraulic cylinder 8-4 extends a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the self-moving split support unit 3 completes the small lifting stage in the retracted state;

[0058] S4: The lateral hydraulic cylinder 4-2 extends a certain distance under hydraulic drive. In the retracted state, the self-moving split support unit 3 completes the lateral movement process. The operator should closely monitor the distance between the lateral outer base 4-4 and the side wall of the roadway to prevent collision or scratch.

[0059] S5: After moving a certain distance to the side in S4, and reaching the predetermined position, the column hydraulic cylinder 5 retracts a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the outer base 4-4 moves to the side and leaves the ground;

[0060] S6: The lateral outer base 4-4 leaves the ground, and the hydraulic cylinder 7-3 extends a certain distance under hydraulic drive. The lateral outer base 4-4 completes the forward movement stage. During operation, it should be ensured that the lateral outer base 4-4 is completely off the ground to avoid additional resistance or equipment damage caused by friction.

[0061] S7: After the side-moving outer base 4-4 completes the forward movement, the column hydraulic cylinder 5 extends a certain distance under hydraulic drive. In the retracted state, the self-moving split support unit 3 completes the small lifting stage, and the third support plate 8-5 leaves the ground.

[0062] S8: The hydraulic cylinder 7-3 retracts a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the top beam 7-1 moves forward. At this point, the self-moving split support unit 3 moves forward in the retracted state. By repeating this cycle, it can move forward to the predetermined position.

[0063] A method for using a self-moving split support system for fully mechanized tunnels, the process of supporting a tunnel using a self-moving split support system includes the following steps:

[0064] S1: After the self-moving split support unit 3 moves to the predetermined position in the contracted state, the column hydraulic cylinder 5 extends a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the top beam 7-1 contacts the roof of the fully mechanized tunnel 1.

[0065] S2: In the retracted state, the self-moving split support unit 3 extends a certain distance under the hydraulic drive of the side top hydraulic cylinder 6, the first telescopic hydraulic cylinder 9 and the third telescopic hydraulic cylinder 8-4. At this time, the state is the self-moving split support unit 3 in the unfolded state.

[0066] S3: The third telescopic hydraulic cylinder 8-4 extends a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and in the deployed state, the third support plates 8-5 of the self-moving split support unit 3 come into contact with each other. At this point, the self-moving split support units form a self-moving split support system, thereby achieving advanced support for the fully mechanized tunnel 1.

[0067] In the embodiments of the invention, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "multiple" refers to two or more unless otherwise explicitly defined. The terms "hinged," "connected," "linked," and "contact," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "linked" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0068] In the description of the embodiments of the invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or self-moving split support unit referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of the invention.

[0069] Finally, it should be noted that the above specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-moving split support system for fully mechanized tunnels, characterized in that: It includes two or more self-moving split support units (3); the self-moving split support unit (3) achieves the actions of unfolding, retracting, lateral movement and forward movement of the self-moving split support unit (3) by using the coordination of six hydraulic cylinders. The self-moving split support unit (3) has a retracted state and an unfolded state, and can switch between the retracted state and the unfolded state. In the contracted state, the self-moving split support unit (3) is half the volume of the self-moving split support unit (3) in the deployed state; The self-moving split support unit (3) includes a side-moving drive device (4), a forward-moving drive device (7), a support plate device (8), a column hydraulic cylinder (5), a side-top hydraulic cylinder (6), and a first telescopic hydraulic cylinder (9). The side-moving drive device (4) is connected to the bottom of the column hydraulic cylinder (5) by bolts. The upper and lower flanges at the top of the column hydraulic cylinder (5) are connected to the forward-moving drive device (7) by bolts. The support plate device (8) is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the column hydraulic cylinder (5), and multiple hinged lifting lug bases are welded on the support plate device (8). The end of the side-top hydraulic cylinder (6) is hinged to the hinged base of the support plate device (8) by a pin. The support plate device (8) is hinged to the lifting lug of the forward-moving drive device (7) by a pin. The first telescopic hydraulic cylinder (9) is hinged to the lifting lug of the forward-moving drive device (7) by a pin. The lifting lug base of the support plate device (8) is hinged to the first telescopic hydraulic cylinder (9) by a pin. The lateral shift drive device (4) includes a lateral shift guide shaft (4-1), a lateral shift hydraulic cylinder (4-2), a lateral shift inner base (4-3), and a lateral shift outer base (4-4); the lateral shift guide shaft (4-1) is welded to the inner side of the lateral shift outer base (4-4), the lateral shift guide shaft (4-1) is slidably engaged with the lateral shift inner base (4-3), and the lateral shift hydraulic cylinder (4-2) is hinged to the lateral shift outer base (4-4) and the lateral shift inner base (4-3) respectively through pins; The forward drive device (7) includes a top beam (7-1), a sliding platform (7-2), and a propulsion hydraulic cylinder (7-3); the rear of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder (7-3) is fixedly connected to the sliding platform (7-2) by bolts and nuts, and the front of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder (7-3) is fixedly connected to the top beam (7-1) by threads; the sliding platform (7-2) has a sliding slider inside. The support plate device (8) includes a first support plate (8-1), a second telescopic hydraulic cylinder (8-2), a second support plate (8-3), a third telescopic hydraulic cylinder (8-4), and a third support plate (8-5). The first support plate (8-1) is hinged to the second support plate (8-3) by a pin. The lifting lug of the first support plate (8-1) is hinged to the second telescopic hydraulic cylinder (8-2) by a pin. The lifting lug of the second support plate (8-3) is hinged to the third telescopic hydraulic cylinder (8-4) by a pin. The third telescopic hydraulic cylinder (8-4) is hinged to the lifting lug of the third support plate (8-5) by a pin. The second support plate (8-3) has a sliding groove that can slide with the third support plate (8-5).

2. The method of using a self-moving split support system for fully mechanized tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The retraction and movement process of the self-moving split support system includes the following steps: S1: In the deployed state, the self-moving split support unit (3) retracts a certain distance under hydraulic drive through the side top hydraulic cylinder (6), the first telescopic hydraulic cylinder (9) and the third telescopic hydraulic cylinder (8-4), and at this time the self-moving split support unit (3) is in the retracted state; S2: The column hydraulic cylinder (5) retracts a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the self-moving split support unit (3) in the retracted state completes the descent operation; S3: The third telescopic hydraulic cylinder (8-4) extends a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the self-moving split support unit (3) in the retracted state completes the small lifting stage; S4: The lateral hydraulic cylinder (4-2) extends a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the self-moving split support unit (3) in the retracted state completes the lateral movement process stage; S5: After moving a certain distance to the side in S4, and reaching the predetermined position, the column hydraulic cylinder (5) retracts a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the outer base (4-4) moves to the side and leaves the ground; S6: The lateral outer base (4-4) leaves the ground, and the hydraulic cylinder (7-3) extends a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the lateral outer base (4-4) completes the forward movement stage; S7: After the side-moving outer base (4-4) completes the forward movement, the column hydraulic cylinder (5) extends a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the self-moving split support unit (3) in the retracted state completes the small lifting stage, and the third support plate (8-5) leaves the ground; S8: The hydraulic cylinder (7-3) retracts a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the top beam (7-1) moves forward. Thus, the self-moving split support unit (3) in the retracted state moves forward. This cycle continues until the unit moves forward to the predetermined position.

3. The method of using a self-moving split support system for fully mechanized tunnels according to claim 2, characterized in that: The process of the self-moving split support system supporting the roadway includes the following steps: S1: After the self-moving split support unit (3) in the contracted state moves to the predetermined position, the column hydraulic cylinder (5) extends a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the top beam (7-1) contacts the roof of the tunnel (1). S2: The self-moving split support unit (3) in the retracted state extends a certain distance under hydraulic drive through the side top hydraulic cylinder (6), the first telescopic hydraulic cylinder (9) and the third telescopic hydraulic cylinder (8-4), and at this time the self-moving split support unit (3) is in the unfolded state; S3: The third telescopic hydraulic cylinder (8-4) extends a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the third support plate (8-5) of the self-moving split support unit (3) in the unfolded state comes into contact with each other; at this point, the self-moving split support unit (3) in the unfolded state achieves advanced support for the fully mechanized tunnel (1).

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