An active ejector verification system and verification method for a high-altitude simulation test bench

Abstract

The present invention relates to a high-altitude environment simulation ignition test system and verification method for attitude and orbit control engines, and specifically to an active ejector verification system and verification method for a high-altitude simulation test bench, which solves the technical problems of high cost, high risk and low validity of verification data in the prior art when verifying a high-altitude simulation test bench. The active ejector verification system for a high-altitude simulation test bench includes a vacuum chamber, a diffuser, a water spray cooler, a first bellows, a first gas collection chamber, a second bellows, n groups of coolers, a third bellows, a second gas collection chamber, a steam ejector pump, as well as pipelines and a data acquisition module, which are connected in sequence along the gas flow direction; The verification method of the active ejector verification system for a high-altitude simulation test bench of the present invention conducts ejector capacity verification in two stages, and greatly improves the verification effectiveness on the premise of greatly reducing the verification cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a high-altitude environment simulation ignition test system and verification method for attitude and orbit control engines, and specifically to an active ejector verification system and verification method for a high-altitude simulation test bench. Background Art

[0002] During the development stage of attitude control and orbit control engines of spacecraft such as launch vehicles, aircraft, and spacecraft, high-altitude environment simulation tests need to be carried out on a test bench to evaluate the characteristics of attitude control and orbit control engines in a vacuum environment, such as thrust, specific impulse, and temperature distribution.

[0003] Existing vacuum pumping methods for high-altitude simulation test benches include mechanical vacuum pump group pumping, air ejection, steam jet pump ejection, and engine self-ejection. Among them, engines with a thrust level of 50N to 20,000N and a relatively high requirement for vacuum degree mostly adopt the steam jet pump ejection method to ensure the vacuum degree of the environment where the engine is located.

[0004] Before the engine enters the chamber for ignition testing after the completion of the high-altitude simulation test bench, it is necessary to verify the ejection capacity to verify the pumping capacity of the high-altitude simulation test bench and the vacuum maintenance capacity under loaded conditions. If a real engine is used to verify the test bench capacity, the cost is high and the risk is large. And by the method of injecting air into the inlet of the jet pump, it is impossible to verify parameters such as pressure drop, pressure loss, and uniform load distribution in the simulated vacuum chamber, diffuser, and cooler channels, resulting in low validity of the verification data. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the technical problems in the prior art that there are high costs, high risks, and low validity of verification data when verifying a high-altitude simulation test bench, and to provide an active ejector verification system and verification method for a high-altitude simulation test bench.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] An active ejector verification system for a high-altitude simulation test bench is characterized in that it includes a vacuum chamber, a diffuser, a water spray cooler, a first bellows, a first gas collection chamber, a second bellows, a cooler, a third bellows, a second gas collection chamber, a steam jet pump, and a data acquisition module, which are connected in sequence along the gas flow direction; the value of n is greater than or equal to 3, and the value of m is greater than or equal to 1; among them, there are n second bellows, coolers, and third bellows, and the n second bellows, coolers, and third bellows are connected to each other between the first gas collection chamber and the third bellows in a one-to-one correspondence;

[0008] The vacuum chamber is used to be connected to a vacuum chamber load generating device through a vacuum chamber load relief valve and to a vacuum unit through a vacuum unit isolation valve;

[0009] A vacuum isolation valve is provided on the pipeline between the outlet of the second gas collecting chamber and the inlet of the steam jet pump;

[0010] The steam jet pump is used to connect with the jet pump load generating device through the jet pump load discharge valve;

[0011] Vacuum degree transmitters and temperature sensors connected to the data acquisition module are provided on the vacuum chamber, diffuser, water spray cooler, cooler, and steam jet pump; regulating valves and flow meters connected to the data acquisition module are provided on the vacuum chamber load generating device and the jet pump load generating device;

[0012] The diffuser is used to increase the pressure and reduce the speed of the engine gas; the water spray cooler is used to spray liquid water to reduce the temperature and speed of the engine gas and directly mix with it to obtain a mixed gas; the cooler is used to enhance the cooling effect of the engine gas; the first gas collecting chamber and the second gas collecting chamber are both used to diffuse the mixed gas and further reduce the temperature and speed of the mixed gas; the first bellows is used to compensate for the thermal deformation of the diffuser, water spray cooler, and the first gas collecting chamber and absorb their thermal stress; the second bellows is used to compensate for the thermal deformation of the first gas collecting chamber and the cooler and absorb their thermal stress; the third bellows is used to compensate for the thermal deformation of the second gas collecting chamber and the cooler; the vacuum chamber load generating device and the jet pump load generating device are used to simulate the load during engine launch; the data acquisition module is used to collect the vacuum degree, temperature, flow rate, and vacuum pressure; the steam jet pump is used to verify the active ejection capacity of the engine high-altitude simulation test bench.

[0013] Furthermore, mixers are respectively provided inside the jet pump load generating device and the vacuum chamber load generating device; the mixer includes a first channel and a second channel;

[0014] The jet pump load generating device includes a load gas channel, an air compressor, and a steam generator; the outlet of the air compressor is connected to the first channel through the air compressor connection flange; the outlet of the steam generator is connected to the second channel through the steam generator connection flange; the outlet ends of the first channel and the second channel are connected to the mixing outlet docking flange of the load gas channel through the mixer outlet flange, and the outlet of the load gas channel is connected to the steam jet pump through the jet pump load discharge valve;

[0015] A first flow regulating valve and a first flow meter are provided on the connecting pipeline between the air compressor and the first channel; a compressed air injection pipe is provided at the air outlet of the first channel, and the compressed air injection pipe is used to inject compressed air into the load gas channel of the jet pump load generating device;

[0016] A second flow regulating valve and a second flowmeter are provided on the pipeline connecting the steam generator to the steam inlet of the second channel; an overheated steam injection pipe is provided at the air outlet of the second channel, and the overheated steam injection pipe is used to inject superheated steam into the load gas channel of the jet pump load generating device;

[0017] The vacuum chamber load generating device has the same structure as the jet pump load generating device; the outlet of the air compressor of the vacuum chamber load generating device is connected to the first channel through an air compressor connection flange; the outlet of the steam generator of the vacuum chamber load generating device is connected to the second channel through a steam generator connection flange; the outlet ends of the first channel and the second channel are connected to the mixing outlet flange of the load gas channel of the vacuum chamber load generating device through a mixer outlet flange, and the outlet of the load gas channel of the vacuum chamber load generating device is connected to the vacuum chamber through a vacuum chamber load relief valve;

[0018] A third flow regulating valve and a third flowmeter are provided on the pipeline connecting the air compressor of the vacuum chamber load generating device to the first channel; a compressed air injection pipe is provided at the air outlet of the first channel, and the compressed air injection pipe is used to inject compressed air into the load gas channel of the vacuum chamber load generating device;

[0019] A fourth flow regulating valve and a fourth flowmeter are provided on the pipeline connecting the steam generator of the vacuum chamber load generating device to the second channel; an overheated steam injection pipe is provided at the air outlet of the second channel, and the overheated steam injection pipe is used to inject superheated steam into the load gas channel of the vacuum chamber load generating device;

[0020] All flow regulating valves and flowmeters are connected to the data acquisition module.

[0021] Further, a heat sink system is provided on the vacuum chamber for absorbing the heat released by the engine ignition; the steam jet pump is m groups.

[0022] Further, a plurality of water spray rod assemblies are provided on the water spray cooler, one end of the water spray rod assembly is connected to an external water source, and the other end is disposed inside the water spray cooler for spraying liquid water onto the fuel gas.

[0023] Further, water sprays are respectively provided on the outer wall of the first bellows and the outer wall of the second bellows to prevent the first bellows and the second bellows from overheating.

[0024] Further, heads are provided at both ends of the first gas collecting chamber and both ends of the second gas collecting chamber.

[0025] Further, n = 3 and m = 3.

[0026] Furthermore, the diffuser is a sandwich water-cooled structure, and adopts a secondary throat diffuser or a straight-cylinder diffuser.

[0027] Furthermore, the first plenum chamber and the second plenum chamber are both columnar structures;

[0028] The cooler is a shell and tube structure or a tube bundle structure.

[0029] At the same time, the present invention also provides a high-altitude simulation test bench active ejection verification method, which is based on the above-mentioned high-altitude simulation test bench active ejection verification system. The special feature of the method is that it includes the following steps:

[0030] 1) Start the data acquisition module and monitor the vacuum degree, vacuum pressure, temperature and flow in real time;

[0031] 2) Seal the vacuum chamber and evacuate the cavity between the vacuum chamber and the vacuum isolation valve;

[0032] 3) Start the steam jet pump and evacuate the steam jet pump until the change in its vacuum pressure is within ±5% and the stabilization duration is greater than or equal to 20 seconds, then start the jet pump load generating device according to the first predetermined load flow rate and simultaneously open the jet pump load relief valve. After the vacuum pressure and temperature of the steam jet pump are stabilized for a time greater than or equal to 20 seconds, close the jet pump load relief valve and the jet pump load generating device;

[0033] 4) At 110% of the operating flow rate, start the jet pump load generating device and simultaneously open the jet pump load relief valve; determine whether the vacuum pressure and temperature stabilization time of the steam jet pump is greater than or equal to 20 seconds, and whether the vacuum pressure of the steam jet pump is less than the vacuum pressure of the cavity between the vacuum chamber and the vacuum isolation valve. If so, the steam jet pump meets the design specifications, close the jet pump load relief valve and the jet pump load generating device, and simultaneously open the vacuum isolation valve, and execute step 5); otherwise, adjust the first predetermined load flow rate and return to step 3);

[0034] 5) Evacuate the cavity between the vacuum chamber and the steam jet pump using a steam jet pump until the change in vacuum pressure is within ±5% and the stability lasts for 20 seconds or longer; activate the vacuum chamber load generating device at a second predetermined load flow rate and simultaneously open the vacuum chamber load relief valve; after the vacuum pressure in the cavity between the vacuum chamber and the steam jet pump stabilizes for 20 seconds or longer, close the vacuum chamber load relief valve and the vacuum chamber load generating device;

[0035] 6) Start the vacuum chamber load generating device according to the flow rate at 110% operating condition. At the same time, open the vacuum chamber load discharge valve. Determine whether the change value of the vacuum pressure in the cavity between the vacuum chamber and the steam ejector pump is within ±5%, and the stable duration is greater than or equal to 20 s. If so, the vacuum pressure and temperature distribution of the diffuser, water spray cooler, first gas collecting chamber, cooler, second gas collecting chamber, and steam ejector pump meet the design indicators. Then close the vacuum chamber load discharge valve and the vacuum chamber load generating device; otherwise, adjust the second predetermined load flow rate and return to step 5).

[0036] 7) Close the vacuum isolation valve, the steam ejector pump, and the data acquisition module, and stop data acquisition.

[0037] Advantages of the present invention:

[0038] 1. For the active ejection verification system of an altitude simulation test bench of the present invention, the designed ejector pump load generating device and vacuum chamber load generating device can accurately simulate the engine gas composition, the temperature after the mixture of gas and spray water, and the total flow rate of the mixture, greatly improving the accuracy of verification.

[0039] 2. For the verification method of the active ejection verification system of an altitude simulation test bench of the present invention, the ejection capacity verification is carried out in two stages. The first stage is to discharge the load through the ejector pump load generating device at the inlet of the steam ejector pump, mainly to verify whether the performance of the newly built or intended to change the operating condition of the steam ejector pump meets the design or expected requirements. If the steam ejector pump cannot meet the design or expected requirements, the second stage verification will not be carried out. The second stage discharges the load through the vacuum chamber load generating device at the tail of the vacuum chamber, and can verify the flow resistance loss, temperature gradient, and the uniformity of the flow rate distribution of n groups of coolers at the specified load flow rate. This staged verification method greatly improves the verification effectiveness on the premise of significantly reducing the verification cost. Description of the Drawings

[0040] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the active ejection verification system of an altitude simulation test bench of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the top view of;

[0042] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the ejector pump load generating device in an embodiment of the active ejection verification system of an altitude simulation test bench of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the mixer in an embodiment of the active ejection verification system of an altitude simulation test bench of the present invention.

[0044] Description of the attached drawing reference numerals: 1 - vacuum chamber, 2 - vacuum unit, 21 - vacuum unit isolation valve, 3 - vacuum chamber load relief valve, 31 - vacuum chamber load generating device, 4 - diffuser, 5 - water spray cooler, 6 - first bellows, 7 - first gas collecting chamber, 8 - second bellows, 9 - cooler, 10 - third bellows, 11 - second gas collecting chamber, 12 - vacuum isolation valve, 13 - steam jet pump, 14 - jet pump load relief valve, 15 - jet pump load generating device, 151 - air compressor, 152 - steam generator, 153 - first flow regulating valve, 154 - second flow regulating valve, 155 - first flowmeter, 156 - second flowmeter, 16 - mixer, 81 - air compressor connection flange, 82 - first channel, 83 - steam generator connection flange, 84 - second channel, 85 - mixer outlet docking flange, 86 - load gas channel, 87 - compressed air injection pipe, 88 - superheated steam injection pipe, 89 - mixer outlet flange. Detailed implementation manners

[0045] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, an active ejector verification system for an altitude simulation test bench includes a vacuum chamber 1, a diffuser 4, a water spray cooler 5, a first bellows 6, a first gas collecting chamber 7, a second bellows 8, a cooler 9, a third bellows 10, a second gas collecting chamber 11, and a steam jet pump 13 that are sequentially connected along the gas flow direction, as well as a vacuum chamber load relief valve 3, a jet pump load relief valve 14, and a data acquisition module; in this embodiment, the value of n is 3 and the value of m is 3. Among them, there are three second bellows 8, coolers 9, and third bellows 10, and the three second bellows 8, coolers 9, and third bellows 10 are connected to each other one by one between the first gas collecting chamber 7 and the third bellows 10.

[0046] The vacuum chamber 1 is used to be connected to a vacuum chamber load generating device 31 through a vacuum chamber load relief valve 3 and to a vacuum unit 2 through a vacuum unit isolation valve 21, and the vacuum unit 2 is used to evacuate the vacuum chamber 1; a vacuum isolation valve 12 is provided on the pipeline between the outlet of the second gas collecting chamber and the inlet of the steam jet pump 13; the steam jet pump 13 is used to be connected to a jet pump load generating device 15 through a jet pump load relief valve 14; vacuum degree transmitters and temperature sensors connected to the data acquisition module are provided on the vacuum chamber 1, the diffuser 4, the water spray cooler 5, the cooler 9, and the steam jet pump 13; flowmeters connected to the data acquisition module are provided on the vacuum chamber load generating device 31 and the jet pump load generating device 15.

[0047] The diffuser 4 is used to increase the pressure and decrease the speed of the engine gas; the water spray cooler 5 is used to spray liquid water to reduce the temperature and speed of the engine gas and directly mix with it to obtain a mixed gas; the cooler 9 is used to enhance the cooling effect of the engine gas; the first gas collecting chamber 7 and the second gas collecting chamber 11 are both used to diffuse the mixed gas and further reduce the temperature and speed of the mixed gas; the first bellows 6 is used to compensate for the thermal deformation of the diffuser 4, the water spray cooler 5 and the first gas collecting chamber 7 and absorb their thermal stress; the second bellows 8 is used to compensate for the thermal deformation of the first gas collecting chamber 7 and the cooler 9 and absorb their thermal stress; the third bellows 10 is used to compensate for the thermal deformation of the second gas collecting chamber 11 and the cooler 9; the vacuum chamber load generating device 31 and the jet pump load generating device 15 are used to simulate the load during engine launch; the data acquisition module is used to collect the vacuum degree, temperature, flow rate and vacuum pressure; the steam jet pump 13 is used to verify the active ejection ability of the engine high-altitude simulation test bench, and it realizes the generation and maintenance of the vacuum degree of the high-altitude simulation test bench by means of active ejection.

[0048] The vacuum chamber 1 is the place for engine installation and ignition. It is provided with an openable hatch for personnel and equipment to enter and exit. A heat sink system is installed on the vacuum chamber 1 to absorb the heat released during engine ignition. The diffuser 4 has a sandwich water-cooled structure and adopts a secondary throat diffuser or a straight tube diffuser, which can achieve the pressure increase and speed reduction of the engine gas. The profile of the diffuser 4 is determined by calculation. The water spray cooler 5 is provided with multiple water spray rod assemblies. One end of the water spray rod assembly is connected to an external water source, and the other end is arranged inside the water spray cooler 5 to spray liquid water onto the gas. The sprayed liquid water is directly mixed with the engine gas to reduce the gas temperature and further reduce the gas speed. The spray water volume of the water spray rod assembly is reasonably designed to ensure that the gas temperature at the outlet of the water spray cooler 5 does not exceed 1000 °C. The first bellows 6 is arranged at the rear end of the water spray cooler 5 to compensate for the thermal deformation of the diffuser 4, the water spray cooler 5, and the first gas collecting chamber 7, and absorb their thermal stress. A water spray is arranged on the outer wall of the first bellows 6 to prevent the first bellows 6 from overheating. The first gas collecting chamber 7 has a columnar structure, and end caps are arranged at both ends. After the gas at the outlet of the first bellows 6 enters the first gas collecting chamber 7, diffusion occurs, further reducing the gas speed and gas temperature. The first gas collecting chamber 7 has a sandwich water-cooled structure. The second bellows 8 is arranged between the first gas collecting chamber 7 and the cooler 9 to compensate for the thermal deformation of the first gas collecting chamber 7 and the cooler 9, and absorb their thermal stress. A water spray is arranged on the outer wall of the second bellows 8 to prevent the second bellows 8 from overheating. The cooler 9 is the main place for cooling the engine gas and adopts a shell-and-tube or tube-bundle structure to ensure that its outlet temperature does not exceed 300 °C. According to the design requirements, the cooler 9 is usually in parallel connection with n groups to enhance the cooling effect and reduce the flow resistance loss of the cooler 9. The value of n is greater than or equal to 3. The third bellows 10 is arranged between the cooler 9 and the second gas collecting chamber 11 to compensate for the thermal deformation of the second gas collecting chamber 11 and the cooler 9, and absorb their thermal stress. Since the temperature here is relatively low, an outer wall water spray may not be provided. The second gas collecting chamber 11 has a columnar structure, and end caps are arranged at both ends. The inlet of the second gas collecting chamber 11 is connected to the third bellows 10, and the outlet is connected to the vacuum isolation valve 12 through a pipeline. The pipeline and the vacuum isolation valve 12 are the channels for the gas to flow to the steam jet pump 13. The steam jet pump 13 obtains its inlet vacuum degree by using a high-temperature and high-pressure steam flow and usually adopts a parallel connection structure of m groups. The value of m is greater than or equal to 1.

[0049] During the actual test run, the loads of the active ejector verification system of the altitude simulation test bed include the combustion gas generated by the engine operation and the liquid water injected by the water spray cooler 5. The vacuum chamber load generating device 31 and the ejector pump load generating device 15 are used to simulate the loads generated by the two on the ejector system, including load component simulation, load temperature simulation, and load flow simulation. The vacuum chamber load generating device 31 and the ejector pump load generating device 15 output a gas load with a specified flow rate and specified components through the mixing of air and water vapor. According to the engine combustion gas flow rate, molar mass, and liquid water flow rate, the gas load flow rate required for the verification of the ejector system is obtained.

[0050] For example, when the known engine combustion gas flow rate is 20 kg / s, with the non-condensable component accounting for 80% and the condensable component accounting for 20%. The liquid water flow rate injected during the test run is 15 kg / s. Then the loads of the ejector system include 16 kg / s of non-condensable gas + 19 kg / s of condensable gas. Therefore, the load generating system needs to output a non-condensable gas flow rate of 16 kg / s + a condensable gas flow rate of 19 kg / s. Among them, the condensable gas generally refers to water vapor, and the condensable gas will be condensed into liquid water during the flow through the steam ejector pump 13.

[0051] As Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown in the figure, mixing devices 16 are respectively arranged inside the ejector pump load generating device 15 and the vacuum chamber load generating device 31. The mixing device 16 is used to fully mix the compressed air and the superheated water vapor. The mixing device 16 includes a first channel 82 and a second channel 84. The ejector pump load generating device 15 includes a load gas channel 86, an air compressor 151, and a water vapor generator 152; the air compressor 151 is used to compress and dry the atmospheric air, and the rotational speed of the air compressor 151 is adjustable, so as to realize the adjustment of the pressure and air flow rate at the outlet of the air compressor 151; the water vapor generator 152 generates superheated steam through electric heating, gas heating, or oil heating methods, and its steam temperature and steam flow rate are adjustable.

[0052] The outlet of the air compressor 151 is connected to the first channel 82 through the air compressor connection flange 81; the outlet of the water vapor generator 152 is connected to the second channel 84 through the water vapor generator connection flange 83; the outlet ends of the first channel 82 and the second channel 84 are connected to the mixing outlet docking flange 85 of the load gas channel 86 through the mixing device outlet flange 89, and the outlet of the load gas channel 86 is connected to the steam ejector pump 13 through the ejector pump load discharge valve 14.

[0053] A first flow regulating valve 153 and a first flowmeter 155 are provided on the connecting pipeline between the air compressor 151 and the first channel 82; a compressed air injection pipe 87 is provided at the air outlet of the first channel 82, and the compressed air injection pipe 87 is used to inject compressed air into the load gas channel 86 of the jet pump load generating device 15. A second flow regulating valve 154 and a second flowmeter 156 are provided on the connecting pipeline between the steam generator 152 and the second channel 84; a superheated steam injection pipe 88 is provided at the air outlet of the second channel 84, and the superheated steam injection pipe 88 is used to inject superheated steam into the load gas channel 86 of the jet pump load generating device 15.

[0054] The vacuum chamber load generating device 31 has the same structure as the jet pump load generating device 15; the outlet of the air compressor 151 of the vacuum chamber load generating device 31 is connected to the first channel 82 through the air compressor connection flange 81; the outlet of the steam generator 152 of the vacuum chamber load generating device 31 is connected to the second channel 84 through the steam generator connection flange 83; the outlet ends of the first channel 82 and the second channel 84 are connected to the mixing outlet docking flange 85 of the load gas channel 86 of the vacuum chamber load generating device 31 through the mixer outlet flange 89, and the outlet of the load gas channel 86 is connected to the vacuum chamber 1 through the vacuum chamber load discharge valve 3.

[0055] A third flow regulating valve and a third flowmeter are provided on the connecting pipeline between the air compressor 151 of the vacuum chamber load generating device 31 and the first channel 82; a compressed air injection pipe 87 is provided at the air outlet of the first channel 82, and the compressed air injection pipe 87 is used to inject compressed air into the load gas channel 86 of the vacuum chamber load generating device 31. A fourth flow regulating valve and a fourth flowmeter are provided on the connecting pipeline between the steam generator 152 of the vacuum chamber load generating device 31 and the second channel 84; a superheated steam injection pipe 88 is provided at the air outlet of the second channel 84, and the superheated steam injection pipe 88 is used to inject superheated steam into the load gas channel 86 of the vacuum chamber load generating device 31.

[0056] The first flow regulating valve 153, the first flowmeter 155, the second flow regulating valve 154, the second flowmeter 156, the third flow regulating valve, the third flowmeter, the fourth flow regulating valve, and the fourth flowmeter are all connected to the data acquisition module. The first flow regulating valve 153, the second flow regulating valve 154, the third flow regulating valve, and the fourth flow regulating valve are all used to adjust compressed air and superheated steam, and they are all remotely controlled valves; the first flowmeter 155, the second flowmeter 156, the third flowmeter, and the fourth flowmeter are all used to measure the real-time flow rates of compressed air and steam.

[0057] The jet pump load generating device 15 and the vacuum chamber load generating device 31 can adjust the load composition, load flow rate, and load temperature in real time as needed. When adjusting the load composition, the ratio of the first flow regulating valve 153, the second flow regulating valve 154, the third flow regulating valve, and the fourth flow regulating valve is adjusted to achieve the adjustment of the ratio of compressed air to superheated steam, thereby adjusting the proportion of condensable gas and non-condensable gas in the load gas. When adjusting the load flow rate, the opening degrees of the first flow regulating valve 153 and the second flow regulating valve 154, and the opening degrees of the third flow regulating valve and the fourth flow regulating valve are synchronously adjusted to achieve the overall adjustment of the load flow rate. When adjusting the load temperature, by setting the superheat degree of the steam generator 152, the steam temperature is adjusted on the premise of keeping the flow rate unchanged, thereby achieving the adjustment of the load temperature.

[0058] The verification of the active ejector verification system of the high-altitude simulation test bench of the present invention generally needs to achieve the following verification purposes:

[0059] 1. Verify the ultimate vacuum pressure at the suction port of the steam jet pump 13;

[0060] 2. Verify whether the pressure distribution and temperature distribution of the steam jet pump 13 meet the design specifications when the load at the rated working condition is leaked into the inlet of the steam jet pump 13;

[0061] 3. Verify whether the pressure distribution and temperature distribution of the steam jet pump 13 meet the design specifications when the load at the rated working condition is leaked into the vacuum chamber 1, and whether the flow rate distribution uniformity of the n groups of coolers 9, the vacuum pressure distribution and temperature distribution of the diffuser 4, the water spray cooler 5, the first gas collecting chamber 7, and the second gas collecting chamber 11 meet the design specifications.

[0062] For the ejector system with multiple groups of steam jet pumps in parallel, multiple ejector verifications should be carried out. The names of the parameters to be measured, the measuring point positions, and the sensor types during the verification process are shown in Table 1 below:

[0063] Table 1

[0064] Parameter Name Measuring Point Location Sensor Type Remarks Vacuum Chamber Pressure Inside the Vacuum Chamber Vacuum Transmitter Vacuum Chamber Temperature Inside the Vacuum Chamber Temperature Sensor Diffuser Inlet Pressure Diffuser Inlet Vacuum Transmitter Diffuser Inlet Temperature Diffuser Inlet Temperature Sensor Diffuser Throat Pressure Diffuser Throat Vacuum Transmitter Diffuser Throat Temperature Diffuser Throat Temperature Sensor Diffuser Outlet Pressure Diffuser Outlet Vacuum Transmitter Diffuser Outlet Temperature Diffuser Outlet Temperature Sensor Cooler Inlet Pressure Cooler Inlet Vacuum Transmitter Three, one is set at each cooler inlet Cooler Inlet Temperature Cooler Inlet Temperature Sensor Three, one is set at each cooler inlet Cooler Outlet Pressure Cooler Outlet Vacuum Transmitter Three, one is set at each cooler inlet Cooler Outlet Temperature Cooler Outlet Temperature Sensor Three, one is set at each cooler inlet Jet Pump Inlet Pressure Jet Pump Inlet Vacuum Transmitter Three, one is set at each jet pump inlet Jet Pump Inlet Temperature Jet Pump Inlet Temperature Sensor Three, one is set at each jet pump inlet Air Flow Rate Load Generation Device Flowmeter Steam Flow Rate Load Generation Device Flowmeter Load Temperature Load Generation Device Temperature Sensor

[0065] In this embodiment, a group of pressure sensors are respectively arranged at different positions of the vacuum chamber 1, and three pressure sensors with high, medium, and low ranges are arranged in one group; three pressure sensors with high, medium, and low ranges are set at the inlet pressure of the diffuser 4.

[0066] The verification method of the present invention based on the above-mentioned active ejector verification system of the high-altitude simulation test bench includes the following steps:

[0067] 1) Start the data acquisition module and monitor the vacuum degree, vacuum pressure, temperature, and flow rate in real time;

[0068] 2) Seal the vacuum chamber 1 and evacuate the cavity between the vacuum chamber 1 and the vacuum isolation valve 12; the vacuum degree of the cavity between the vacuum chamber 1 and the vacuum isolation valve 12 is related to the number of stages of the steam jet pump 13, and this vacuum degree should be higher than the ultimate vacuum degree of the steam jet pump 13 with different numbers of stages. The ultimate vacuum degree of the four-stage steam jet pump is 40 - 60 Pa, so this vacuum degree should be greater than 60 Pa. The ultimate vacuum degree of the three-stage steam jet pump is about 600 - 800 Pa, so this vacuum degree should be higher than 800 Pa. For the two-stage steam jet pump and the one-stage steam jet pump, and so on, it should be greater than the upper limit of the achievable ultimate vacuum degree.

[0069] 3) Start the steam jet pump 13 and evacuate the steam jet pump 13 until the change value of its vacuum pressure is ±5% and the duration is greater than or equal to 20 s. Then start the jet pump load generating device 15 according to the first predetermined load flow rate, and at the same time open the jet pump load discharge valve 14. After the vacuum pressure and temperature of the steam jet pump 13 are stable for a time greater than or equal to 20 s, close the jet pump load discharge valve 14 and the jet pump load generating device 15;

[0070] 4) Start the jet pump load generating device 15 according to 110% of the operating condition flow rate, and at the same time open the jet pump load discharge valve 14; determine whether the vacuum pressure and temperature of the steam jet pump 13 are stable for a time greater than or equal to 20 s and the vacuum pressure of the steam jet pump 13 is less than the vacuum pressure of the cavity between the vacuum chamber 1 and the vacuum isolation valve 12. If so, the steam jet pump 13 meets the design index, close the jet pump load discharge valve 14 and the jet pump load generating device 15, and at the same time open the vacuum isolation valve 12 to execute step 5); otherwise, adjust the first predetermined load flow rate and return to step 3);

[0071] 5) Evacuate the cavity between the vacuum chamber 1 and the steam jet pump 13 through the steam jet pump 13 until the change value of its vacuum pressure is within ±5% and the vacuum pressure is stable for a duration greater than or equal to 20 s; start the vacuum chamber load generating device 31 according to the second predetermined load flow rate, and at the same time open the vacuum chamber load discharge valve 3. After the vacuum pressure of the cavity between the vacuum chamber 1 and the steam jet pump 13 is stable for a time greater than or equal to 20 s, close the vacuum chamber load discharge valve 3 and the vacuum chamber load generating device 31;

[0072] 6) Start the vacuum chamber load generating device 31 according to the flow rate under 110% working condition. At the same time, open the vacuum chamber load drain valve 3. Determine whether the change value of the cavity vacuum pressure between the vacuum chamber 1 and the steam ejector pump 13 is within ±5%, and the stable duration of the vacuum pressure is greater than or equal to 20 s. If so, the vacuum pressures and temperature distributions of the diffuser 4, the water spray cooler 5, the first gas collecting chamber 7, the cooler 9, the second gas collecting chamber 11, and the steam ejector pump 13 meet the design indicators, and then close the vacuum chamber load drain valve 3 and the vacuum chamber load generating device 31; otherwise, adjust the second predetermined load flow rate and return to step 5).

[0073] 7) Close the vacuum isolation valve 12, the steam ejector pump 13 and the data acquisition module, and stop data acquisition.

[0074] Table 2

[0075]

[0076] In this embodiment, according to the above operations, the ejector system with three parallel steam ejector pumps 13 can be directly verified. Among them, the first predetermined load flow rate and the second predetermined load flow rate are controlled according to Table 2 above. Under the first predetermined load flow rate and the second predetermined load flow rate, the vacuum pressures and temperature distributions of the diffuser 4, the water spray cooler 5, the first gas collecting chamber 7, the three coolers 9, the second gas collecting chamber 11, and the steam ejector pump 13 all meet the design indicators.

Claims

1. An active ejector verification system for a high-altitude simulation test bench, characterized in that: It includes a vacuum chamber (1), a diffuser (4), a water spray cooler (5), a first bellows (6), a first gas collecting chamber (7), a second bellows (8), a cooler (9), a third bellows (10), a second gas collecting chamber (11), a steam jet pump (13) connected in sequence along the gas flow direction, and a data acquisition module; the value of n is greater than or equal to 3; among them, there are n second bellows (8), coolers (9), and third bellows (10), and the n second bellows (8), coolers (9), and third bellows (10) are connected in one-to-one correspondence between the first gas collecting chamber (7) and the third bellows (10). The vacuum chamber (1) is used to be connected to a vacuum chamber load generating device (31) through a vacuum chamber load discharge valve (3) and to a vacuum unit (2) through a vacuum unit isolation valve (21). A vacuum isolation valve (12) is provided on the pipeline between the outlet of the second gas collecting chamber (11) and the inlet of the steam jet pump (13). The steam jet pump (13) is used to be connected to a jet pump load generating device (15) through a jet pump load discharge valve (14). Vacuum pressure transmitters and temperature sensors connected to the data acquisition module are provided on the vacuum chamber (1), diffuser (4), water spray cooler (5), cooler (9), and steam jet pump (13); regulating valves and flow meters connected to the data acquisition module are provided on the vacuum chamber load generating device (31) and the jet pump load generating device (15). The diffuser (4) is used to increase the pressure and reduce the speed of the engine gas; the water spray cooler (5) is used to spray liquid water to reduce the temperature and speed of the engine gas and directly mix with it to obtain a mixed gas; the cooler (9) is used to enhance the cooling effect of the engine gas; both the first gas collecting chamber (7) and the second gas collecting chamber (11) are used to diffuse the mixed gas and further reduce the temperature and speed of the mixed gas; the first bellows (6) is used to compensate for the thermal deformation of the diffuser (4), water spray cooler (5), and the first gas collecting chamber (7) and absorb their thermal stress; the second bellows (8) is used to compensate for the thermal deformation of the first gas collecting chamber (7) and the cooler (9) and absorb their thermal stress; the third bellows (10) is used to compensate for the thermal deformation of the second gas collecting chamber (11) and the cooler (9); the vacuum chamber load generating device (31) and the jet pump load generating device (15) are used to simulate the load of engine launch; the data acquisition module is used to collect vacuum degree, temperature, flow rate, and vacuum pressure; the steam jet pump (13) is used to verify the active ejection capacity of the engine high-altitude simulation test bench.

2. The active ejector verification system for a high-altitude simulation test bench according to claim 1, wherein: It also includes a mixer (16) respectively arranged in the jet pump load generating device (15) and the vacuum chamber load generating device (31); the mixer (16) includes a first channel (82) and a second channel (84). The jet pump load generating device (15) includes a load gas passage (86), an air compressor (151) and a steam generator (152); the outlet of the air compressor (151) is connected to a first passage (82) through an air compressor connection flange (81); the outlet of the steam generator (152) is connected to a second passage (84) through a steam generator connection flange (83); the outlet ends of the first passage (82) and the second passage (84) are connected to a mixing outlet docking flange (85) of the load gas passage (86) of the jet pump load generating device (15) through a mixer outlet flange (89), and the outlet of the load gas passage (86) is connected to a steam jet pump (13) through a jet pump load discharge valve (14). A first flow regulating valve (153) and a first flow meter (155) are provided on the connecting pipeline between the air compressor (151) and the first passage (82); a compressed air injection pipe (87) is provided at the air outlet of the first passage (82), and the compressed air injection pipe (87) is used to inject compressed air into the load gas passage (86) of the jet pump load generating device (15). A second flow regulating valve (154) and a second flow meter (156) are provided on the steam inlet connecting pipeline between the steam generator (152) and the second passage (84); a superheated steam injection pipe (88) is provided at the air outlet of the second passage (84), and the superheated steam injection pipe (88) is used to inject superheated steam into the load gas passage (86) of the jet pump load generating device (15). The vacuum chamber load generating device (31) has the same structure as the jet pump load generating device (15); the outlet of the air compressor (151) of the vacuum chamber load generating device (31) is connected to the first passage (82) through an air compressor connection flange (81); the outlet of the steam generator (152) of the vacuum chamber load generating device (31) is connected to the second passage (84) through a steam generator connection flange (83); the outlet ends of the first passage (82) and the second passage (84) are connected to a mixing outlet docking flange (85) of the load gas passage (86) of the vacuum chamber load generating device (31) through a mixer outlet flange (89), and the outlet of the load gas passage (86) of the vacuum chamber load generating device (31) is connected to the vacuum chamber (1) through a vacuum chamber load discharge valve (3). A third flow regulating valve and a third flow meter are provided on the connecting pipeline between the air compressor (151) of the vacuum chamber load generating device (31) and the first passage (82); a compressed air injection pipe (87) is provided at the air outlet of the first passage (82), and the compressed air injection pipe (87) is used to inject compressed air into the load gas passage (86) of the vacuum chamber load generating device (31). A fourth flow regulating valve and a fourth flowmeter are provided on the connecting pipeline between the steam generator (152) of the vacuum chamber load generating device (31) and the second channel (84); an outlet of the second channel (84) is provided with a superheated steam injection pipe (88), and the superheated steam injection pipe (88) is used to inject superheated steam into the load gas channel (86) of the vacuum chamber load generating device (31). All flow regulating valves and flowmeters are connected to the data acquisition module.

3. The active ejector verification system for a high-altitude simulation test bench according to claim 2, wherein: A heat sink system is provided on the vacuum chamber (1) for absorbing the heat released by the engine ignition. The steam ejector pumps (13) are m groups, and the value of m is greater than or equal to 1.

4. The active ejector verification system for a high-altitude simulation test bench according to claim 3, wherein: A plurality of water spray rod assemblies are provided on the water spray cooler (5). One end of the water spray rod assembly is connected to an external water source, and the other end is arranged inside the water spray cooler (5) for injecting liquid water into the fuel gas.

5. The active ejector verification system for a high-altitude simulation test bench according to claim 4, wherein: Water sprays are respectively provided on the outer walls of the first bellows (6) and the second bellows (8) to prevent the first bellows (6) and the second bellows (8) from overheating.

6. The active ejector verification system for a high-altitude simulation test bench according to claim 5, wherein: Sealing heads are provided at both ends of the first gas collecting chamber (7) and both ends of the second gas collecting chamber (11).

7. The active ejector verification system for a high-altitude simulation test bench according to claim 6, wherein: n = 3 and m = 3.

8. The active ejector verification system for a high-altitude simulation test bench according to claim 7, wherein: The diffuser (4) is a sandwich water-cooled structure and adopts a secondary throat diffuser or a straight tube diffuser.

9. The active ejector verification system for a high-altitude simulation test bench according to claim 8, wherein: Both the first gas collecting chamber (7) and the second gas collecting chamber (11) are columnar structures; The cooler (9) is of a shell-and-tube structure or a tube bundle structure.

10. A method for verifying active ejector of a high-altitude simulation test bench, based on the active ejector verification system of the high-altitude simulation test bench according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: 1) Start the data acquisition module and monitor the vacuum degree, vacuum pressure, temperature and flow rate in real time; 2) Seal the vacuum chamber (1) and evacuate the cavity between the vacuum chamber (1) and the vacuum isolation valve (12); 3) Start the steam ejector pump (13) and evacuate the steam ejector pump (13) until the change value of its vacuum pressure is within ±5% and the stable duration is greater than or equal to 20 s. Then, start the ejector pump load generating device (15) according to the first predetermined load flow rate, and at the same time open the ejector pump load discharge valve (14). After the vacuum pressure and temperature of the steam ejector pump (13) are stable for a time greater than or equal to 20 s, close the ejector pump load discharge valve (14) and the ejector pump load generating device (15). 4) Start the jet pump load generating device (15) according to the flow rate at 110% operating condition, and at the same time open the jet pump load drain valve (14); determine whether the vacuum pressure and temperature stabilization time of the steam jet pump (13) are greater than or equal to 20 s, and the vacuum pressure of the steam jet pump (13) is less than the vacuum pressure of the cavity between the vacuum chamber (1) and the vacuum isolation valve (12). If so, the steam jet pump (13) meets the design specifications, close the jet pump load drain valve (14) and the jet pump load generating device (15), and at the same time open the vacuum isolation valve (12), and perform step 5); otherwise, adjust the first predetermined load flow rate and return to step 3); 5) Evacuate the cavity between the vacuum chamber (1) and the steam jet pump (13) through the steam jet pump (13) until the change value of its vacuum pressure is within ±5% and the stable duration is greater than or equal to 20 s; start the vacuum chamber load generating device (31) according to the second predetermined load flow rate, and at the same time open the vacuum chamber load drain valve (3). After the vacuum pressure stabilization time of the cavity between the vacuum chamber (1) and the steam jet pump (13) is greater than or equal to 20 s, close the vacuum chamber load drain valve (3) and the vacuum chamber load generating device (31); 6) Start the vacuum chamber load generating device (31) according to the flow rate at 110% operating condition, and at the same time open the vacuum chamber load drain valve (3). Determine whether the change value of the vacuum pressure of the cavity between the vacuum chamber (1) and the steam jet pump (13) is within ±5% and the stable duration is greater than or equal to 20 s. If so, the vacuum pressure and temperature distributions of the diffuser (4), the water spray cooler (5), the first gas collecting chamber (7), the cooler (9), the second gas collecting chamber (11), and the steam jet pump (13) meet the design specifications, close the vacuum chamber load drain valve (3) and the vacuum chamber load generating device (31); otherwise, adjust the second predetermined load flow rate and return to step 5); 7) Close the vacuum isolation valve (12), the steam jet pump (13) and the data acquisition module, and stop data acquisition.

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