Deep-sea mining flexible mixed transportation pipe pneumatic lifting experiment system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to a deep-sea mining flexible mixed transportation pipe pneumatic lifting experiment system and method, the system comprises an air compressor, a pneumatic pump, a transparent experiment pipeline, a camera, a mixing chamber, a three-phase separator, a premixing distributor and a water tank, and a flowmeter is connected between the pneumatic pump and the air compressor; the top and bottom ends of the transparent experimental pipeline are respectively connected with a three-phase separator and a pneumatic pump, a pressure sensor and a particle concentration detector are arranged in the transparent experimental pipeline, and a camera is arranged outside the transparent experimental pipeline; the mixing chamber is connected with a pneumatic pump and is provided with a liquid level meter and a particle concentration detector; the solid collecting box and the liquid collecting box are respectively connected with the three-phase separator and are respectively provided with a liquid level sensor and a weighing sensor; the premixing distributor and the water tank are respectively connected with the three-phase separator and the mixing chamber; the particle concentration detector, the weighing sensor, the camera, the pressure sensor, the liquid level meter, the flow meter, the liquid level sensor and the premixing distributor are respectively connected with a computer; feeding concentration and bubble characteristics can be controlled, and the pneumatic lifting efficiency of the deep-sea mining pipeline can be improved through cyclic lifting experiments and research.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of marine resource exploitation, and in particular relates to a deep-sea mining flexible mixed pipe pneumatic lifting experimental system and method. Background Art

[0002] With the gradual depletion of land resources, the exploitation of marine resources has become a hot topic. The exploitation of deep-sea mineral resources is more challenging, and the pneumatic lifting system is one of the effective tools for deep-sea mining. The pneumatic lifting system is a fluid mechanical device that uses compressed air as the working medium to suck or pressurize liquids and slurries.

[0003] The pneumatic lifting system in the prior art has the disadvantage of low conveying efficiency, which results in low particle lifting efficiency in the existing deep-sea mining pneumatic lifting experimental device, inability to control feed concentration and bubble characteristics in the tube, and difficulty in cyclic lifting experiments, making it difficult to explore a more efficient deep-sea mining pipeline pneumatic lifting conveying system and method. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of at least one of the problems in the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a deep-sea mining flexible mixed pipeline pneumatic lifting experimental system and method, which is convenient for controlling the feed concentration and the bubble characteristics in the pipe, facilitating the circulation lifting experiment, improving the particle lifting efficiency, and facilitating the research on improving the pneumatic lifting efficiency of deep-sea mining pipelines.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A deep-sea mining flexible mixed pipe pneumatic lifting experimental system, comprising: Air compressor, A pneumatic pump connected to the air compressor via a connecting pipeline, and a flow meter is installed on the connecting pipeline; A transparent experimental pipeline, the bottom end of which is detachably connected to the pneumatic pump; a pressure sensor and a particle concentration detector are arranged inside the transparent experimental pipeline; A camera, arranged outside the transparent experimental pipeline, for photographing and recording the solid-liquid-gas three-phase flow behavior of the substance inside the transparent experimental pipeline; A mixing chamber connected to the pneumatic pump; the mixing chamber is equipped with a liquid level meter and the particle concentration detector; A three-phase separator, which is detachably connected to the top of the transparent experimental pipeline; the three-phase separator is connected to a solid-liquid collection box, the solid-liquid collection box is connected to a liquid collection box and a solid collection box respectively through a conveying pipeline, the solid collection box is equipped with a weighing sensor, and the liquid collection box is equipped with a liquid level sensor; A premix distributor, which is connected to the three-phase separator and the mixing chamber respectively; a water tank, connected to the three-phase separator and the mixing chamber respectively; A computer is connected to the particle concentration detector, the weighing sensor, the camera, the pressure sensor, the liquid level meter, the flow meter, the liquid level sensor and the premixing and dispensing machine respectively, and is used to receive and store data from the particle concentration detector, the weighing sensor, the camera and the pressure sensor, and to control the solid particle conveying speed of the premixing and dispensing machine.

[0006] Preferably, the transparent experimental pipeline is configured as a straight tube.

[0007] Preferably, the transparent experimental pipeline is configured as a flexible tube and is connected to the telescopic end of the cylinder.

[0008] Preferably, the pressure sensors are respectively arranged at the upper and lower positions inside the transparent experimental pipeline.

[0009] Preferably, a valve is installed on the connecting pipeline between the air compressor and the flow meter.

[0010] A deep-sea mining flexible mixed pipe pneumatic lifting experimental method is implemented based on any one of the deep-sea mining flexible mixed pipe pneumatic lifting experimental systems described above, and includes the following steps: Step S1, starting the deep-sea mining flexible mixed pipeline pneumatic lifting experimental system; Step S2, adjusting the rotation speed of the premixing distributor through the computer, adjusting the solid particle conveying speed to a set value, adding the solid particles into the premixing distributor; adjusting the gas conveying flow rate to a set value through the air compressor and the flow meter, adding water into the water tank; so that the solid particles in the premixing distributor, the gas in the air compressor and the water in the water tank are all conveyed to the mixing chamber to form a solid-liquid-gas three-phase mixture, and the solid-liquid-gas three-phase mixture is lifted upward by the pneumatic pump; Step S3, recording the pressure change in the transparent experimental pipeline in real time through the pressure sensor, monitoring the gas delivery flow rate through the flow meter, monitoring the solid particle delivery rate through the computer, monitoring the concentration distribution of the solid particles in the transparent experimental pipeline in real time through the particle concentration detector, and recording the flow behavior of the solid-liquid-gas three-phase in the transparent experimental pipeline through the camera; receiving and storing the data of the particle concentration detector, the weighing sensor, the camera, the pressure sensor, the liquid level meter, the flow meter and the liquid level sensor through the computer; Step S4, shutting down the deep-sea mining flexible mixed pipeline pneumatic lifting experimental system, dismantling the transparent experimental pipeline, flushing, drying and weighing it, recording the weight data of the transparent experimental pipeline, and obtaining the abrasion mass loss of the transparent experimental pipeline; characterizing the surface morphology of the transparent experimental pipeline using a microscope; Step S5, analyzing the solid-liquid-gas three-phase flow behavior in the transparent experimental pipeline recorded by the camera, obtaining the mechanism of bubbles pushing the solid particles and the flow pattern change law; calculating the pipeline wear rate of the transparent experimental pipeline after erosion; recovering the solid particles in the solid collection box, weighing the recovered solid particles, and calculating the solid particle lifting efficiency.

[0011] Preferably, the method further includes step S6, setting the transparent experimental pipeline as a curved pipe, replacing the solid particles and water with new ones, repeating steps S1 to S5, obtaining the bubble-pushing particle mechanism and flow pattern change law affected by the bending of the transparent experimental pipeline, and obtaining the pipeline wear rate and solid particle lifting efficiency affected by the bending of the transparent experimental pipeline.

[0012] Preferably, the method further includes step S7, changing the bending angle of the transparent experimental pipeline, replacing the solid particles and water with new ones, and repeating steps S1 to S5 to obtain the bubble-pushing particle mechanism and flow pattern change law, pipeline wear rate and solid particle lifting efficiency affected by different bending angles of the transparent experimental pipeline.

[0013] Preferably, the method further includes step S8, setting the transparent experimental pipeline as a flexible tube and connecting it to the telescopic end of the cylinder; repeating steps S1 to S5 to obtain the bubble-pushing particle mechanism and flow pattern change law, pipeline wear rate and solid particle lifting efficiency affected by the swing of the transparent experimental pipeline.

[0014] Preferably, the method further comprises step S9, changing the particle morphology of the solid particles, repeating steps S1 to S5, and obtaining the bubble-pushing particle mechanism and flow pattern change law, pipeline wear rate and solid particle lifting efficiency affected by the particle morphology of the solid particles.

[0015] The present invention adopts the above technical solution, which has the following advantages: 1. The deep-sea mining flexible mixed pipe pneumatic lifting experimental system and method provided by the present invention can facilitate the control of feed concentration and bubble characteristics in the pipe, facilitate cyclic lifting experiments, improve particle lifting efficiency, and facilitate research on improving the pneumatic lifting efficiency of deep-sea mining pipelines; it can be applicable to pneumatic lifting experiments in ultra-deep-sea mineral mining, and can not only simulate the working conditions of the pneumatic lifting pipe in the actual mining process to explore the mechanism of bubbles pushing particles and the law of flow pattern changes, but also automatically cyclically experiment to analyze the erosion and wear mechanism; it can make up for the shortcomings of existing pneumatic lifting experimental devices, improve the success rate and accuracy of pneumatic lifting experiments, and then more quickly promote the research progress of the bubble-pushing particle mechanism and the law of flow pattern changes and the erosion and wear mechanism, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the efficiency and safety and reliability of deep-sea mining hydraulic lifting systems.

[0016] 2. The deep-sea mining flexible mixed pipeline pneumatic lifting experimental system and method provided by the present invention can realize the function of adjusting multiple influencing factors for the macroscopic phase interface distribution characteristics and dynamic evolution characteristics of the gas-solid-liquid three-phase flow, thereby conducting multi-parameter sensitivity analysis, and further exploring the mechanism of bubbles pushing solid particles and the law of flow pattern changes.

[0017] 3. The deep-sea mining flexible mixed pipe pneumatic lifting experimental system and method provided by the present invention can replace the transparent experimental pipeline to explore the wear conditions of transparent experimental pipelines and actual pipe sections with different bending angles; a cylinder can be installed to simulate the actual pipeline swing, which is more in line with the actual mining conditions. The experimental data obtained is more reliable, and the study of erosion and wear mechanism is more efficient and more accurate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a deep-sea mining flexible mixed pipe pneumatic lifting experimental system provided in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a transparent experimental pipeline of a deep-sea mining flexible mixed pipeline pneumatic lifting experimental system provided in Example 1 of the present invention being set as a curved pipe.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a transparent experimental pipeline connected to a cylinder in a deep-sea mining flexible mixed pipeline pneumatic lifting experimental system provided in Example 1 of the present invention to simulate actual pipeline swing.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a flow chart of a pneumatic lifting experimental method for flexible mixed pipes for deep-sea mining provided in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Markings in the accompanying drawings: 1 is an air compressor, 2 is a connecting pipeline, 3 is a dryer, 4 is a valve, 5 is a computer, 6 is a liquid level sensor, 7 is a weighing sensor, 8 is a camera, 9 is a lighting lamp, 10 is a transparent experimental pipeline, 11 is a pressure sensor, 12 is a three-phase separator, 13 is a premix distributor, 14 is a mineral particle conveying pipe, 15 is a liquid level meter, 16 is a water pump, 17 is a water tank, 18 is a pipe joint, 19 is a movable supporting frame, 20 is a mixing chamber, 21 is a pneumatic pump, 22 is a flow meter, 23 is a particle concentration detector, and 24 is a cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the system or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "assembly", "setting", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0026] The present invention provides a deep-sea mining flexible mixed pipe pneumatic lifting experimental system and method, which adjusts the mixing ratio of solid particles and liquid by adjusting a premixing distributor, thereby controlling the feeding concentration of solid particles; adjusts the bubble characteristics in a transparent experimental pipeline by a pneumatic pump; realizes the circulation of solid particles and liquid by a three-phase separator, a premixing distributor, and a water tank, thereby realizing a circulation lifting experiment, which is beneficial to improving the particle lifting efficiency and facilitating research on improving the pneumatic lifting efficiency of deep-sea mining pipelines.

[0027] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Embodiment 1 Please refer to Figure 1 The present embodiment provides a deep-sea mining flexible mixed pipeline pneumatic lifting experimental system, comprising an air compressor 1, an air pump 21, a transparent experimental pipeline 10, a camera 8, a mixing chamber 20, a three-phase separator 12, a premixing distributor 13, a water tank 17 and a computer 5, wherein the air pump 21 is connected to the air compressor 1 through a connecting pipeline 2, and a flow meter 22 is installed on the connecting pipeline 2; the bottom end of the transparent experimental pipeline 10 is detachably connected to the air pump 21; a pressure sensor 11 and a particle concentration detector 23 are arranged inside the transparent experimental pipeline 10; the camera 8 is arranged outside the transparent experimental pipeline 10 to shoot and record the flow behavior of the solid-liquid-gas three-phase of the material inside the transparent experimental pipeline 10; the mixing chamber 20 is connected to the air pump 21; the mixing chamber 20 is equipped with a liquid level meter 15 and a particle concentration detector 23; the three-phase separator The device 12 is disassembled and connected to the top of the transparent experimental pipeline 10; the three-phase separator 12 is connected to the solid-liquid collecting box, and the solid-liquid collecting box is connected to the liquid collecting box and the solid collecting box respectively through the conveying pipeline, the solid collecting box is installed with a weighing sensor 7, and the liquid collecting box is installed with a liquid level sensor 6; the premixing distributor 13 is respectively connected to the three-phase separator 12 and the mixing chamber 20; the water tank 17 is respectively connected to the three-phase separator 12 and the mixing chamber 20; the computer 5 is respectively connected to the particle concentration detector 23, the weighing sensor 7, the camera 8, the pressure sensor 11, the liquid level meter 15, the flow meter 22, the liquid level sensor 6 and the premixing distributor 13, and is used to receive and store data from the particle concentration detector 23, the weighing sensor 7, the camera 8 and the pressure sensor 11, and is used to control the solid particle conveying speed of the premixing distributor 13.

[0029] In the deep-sea mining flexible mixed pipe pneumatic lifting experimental system provided in this embodiment, the premixing distributor 13 is used to adjust the ratio of solid particles to liquid, so as to control the feeding concentration of solid particles; the data of the liquid level meter 15 and the liquid level sensor 6 are used to calculate the solid particle lifting efficiency; the air compressor 1 is used to provide compressed gas, and the flow meter 22 is used to monitor the gas flow rate; the pneumatic pump 21 is used to adjust the bubble characteristics such as the initial size, shape, distribution characteristics, initial velocity and migration trajectory of the bubble; the particle concentration detector 23, the weighing sensor 7, the camera 8, the pressure sensor 11, the liquid level meter 15, the flow meter 22 and the liquid level sensor 6 all transmit data to the computer 5; the speed of the solid particle conveying can be adjusted by adjusting the rotation speed of the premixing distributor 13 through the computer 5. The three-phase separator 12, the premixing distributor 13 and the mixing chamber 20 are connected in sequence to form a solid particle circulation loop; the three-phase separator 12, the water tank 17 and the mixing chamber 20 are connected in sequence to form a liquid circulation loop; thereby realizing the recycling of solid particles and liquids and realizing the circulation experiment.

[0030] in, Figure 1The arrow at the water tank 17 indicates the flow direction of a liquid such as water. The arrows in the mixing chamber 20, the pneumatic pump 21, the transparent experimental pipeline 10 and the three-phase separator 12 indicate the flow direction of a solid-liquid-gas three-phase mixed fluid. The arrow in the pipeline between the three-phase separator 12 and the solid-liquid collection box indicates the flow direction of the solid-liquid mixture. The arrow in the pipeline between the three-phase separator 12 and the premixing distributor 13 indicates the flow direction of solid particles. The arrow in the pipeline between the three-phase separator 12 and the water tank 17 indicates the flow direction of the liquid. The dotted lines connecting the computer 5 and the pressure sensor 11, the premixing distributor 13, the camera 8 and the particle concentration detector 23 indicate data signal transmission connections through, for example, data cables or wireless networks.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 Specifically, the transparent experimental pipeline 10 is set as a curved pipe, which is used to obtain the bubble pushing particle mechanism and flow pattern change law affected by the bending of the transparent experimental pipeline 10 in the experiment, and to obtain the pipeline wear rate and solid particle lifting efficiency affected by the bending of the transparent experimental pipeline 10.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 Specifically, the transparent experimental pipeline 10 is set as a flexible tube and connected to the telescopic end of the cylinder 24, so as to obtain the bubble-pushing particle mechanism and flow pattern change law, pipeline wear rate and solid particle lifting efficiency affected by the swing of the transparent experimental pipeline 10 in the experiment. Among them, the flexible tube can be an acrylic transparent tube.

[0033] in, Figure 2 and Figure 3 In the figure, the arrow in the transparent experimental pipeline 10 indicates the flow direction of the solid-liquid-gas three-phase mixed fluid. Figure 3 The middle dotted line represents the swing position of the transparent experimental pipeline 10 driven by the cylinder 21.

[0034] Please refer to Figure 1 Specifically, pressure sensors 11 are respectively arranged at the upper and lower positions inside the transparent experimental pipeline 10 .

[0035] Specifically, a valve 4 is installed on the connecting pipe 2 between the air compressor 1 and the flow meter 22. The gas delivery flow rate can be adjusted and monitored through the air compressor 1, the valve 4 and the flow meter 22.

[0036] The transparent experimental pipeline 10 may be a plexiglass transparent tube or an acrylic transparent tube. The camera 8 may be a high-speed camera.

[0037] In addition, a dryer 3 may be installed on the connecting pipeline 2 between the air compressor 1 and the valve 4 to dry the gas output by the air compressor 1 .

[0038] An illuminating lamp 9 may be disposed outside the transparent experimental tube 10 to provide illumination, which is beneficial to improving the image clarity of the camera 8. The illuminating lamp 9 and the camera 8 may be disposed on both sides of the transparent experimental tube 10, respectively.

[0039] An interface may be provided at the lower right of the mixing chamber 20, and a water outlet may be provided at the left side of the water tank 17, and the interface is connected to the water outlet through a pipeline equipped with a water outlet valve. A water inlet may be provided at the right side of the water tank 17, and the water inlet may be connected to a water inlet pipe equipped with a water inlet valve. A drain outlet may be provided at the bottom of the water tank 17, and the drain outlet may be connected to a drain pipe equipped with a drain valve.

[0040] The right side of the mixing chamber 20 can be connected to a liquid level meter 15. An interface can be provided at the upper right side of the mixing chamber 20, and the interface can be connected to the premix distributor 13 through the mineral particle conveying pipe 14.

[0041] An outlet may be provided just above the mixing chamber 20 , and the outlet is connected to the pneumatic pump 21 .

[0042] The two ends of the transparent experimental pipeline 10 can be detachably connected to the pneumatic pump 21 and the three-phase separator 12 through the joints 18 respectively.

[0043] A dryer 3 may be provided on the connecting pipeline 2 between the air compressor 1 and the valve 4 for drying the gas.

[0044] The three-phase separator 12 may be provided with a liquid outlet, and the liquid outlet is connected to a water tank 17 via a pipeline, and a water pump 16 is provided on the pipeline.

[0045] The three-phase separator 12 may be provided with a solid output port, which is connected to the premix distributor 13 .

[0046] The three-phase separator 12 may also be provided with a solid-liquid output port, which is connected to a solid-liquid collecting box.

[0047] The mixing chamber 20 can be installed on a movable support frame 19, and four rollers distributed in a rectangular shape can be set at the bottom of the movable support frame 19; the mixing chamber 20, the pneumatic pump 21, the transparent experimental pipeline 10, the three-phase separator 12, the premix distributor 13 and the mineral particle conveying pipe 14 can be supported and moved by the movable support frame 19.

[0048] Combined with reference Figures 1 to 3In the deep-sea mining flexible mixed pipe pneumatic lifting experimental system of this embodiment, air is compressed into compressed gas by the air compressor 1, and then can enter the pneumatic pump 21 through the dryer 3 and the flow meter 22. The pressure and flow of high-pressure gas injection can be adjusted by the air compressor 1, and different gas injection parameters can be controlled by the pneumatic pump 21 to obtain different flow shapes of bubbles, and mix with the solid-liquid two-phase flow in the mixing chamber 20, thereby driving solid particles to rise, and simulating the real deep-sea mining pneumatic lifting and transportation of slurry. When the air intake reaches the preset value, the solid-liquid-gas three-phase mixed fluid is transported to the three-phase separator 12, and the three-phase separator 12 separates the solid, liquid and gas, wherein the gas is directly discharged into the atmosphere, and the liquid is extracted by the water pump 16 and transported to the water tank 17 by the pipeline to realize liquid circulation; the solid particles are transported to the premix distributor 13 to realize solid particle circulation, thereby realizing the effect of the experimental system automatically circulating the experiment. The premixer 13 adjusts the number of solid particles entering the mixing chamber 20 per unit time by adjusting the internal screw speed, thereby achieving the mixing of the solid-liquid two-phase flow to the desired ratio for the circulating three-phase flow transport experiment. The circulating pipeline includes a transparent experimental pipeline 10, a camera 8 and an incandescent lamp 9 are arranged outside the transparent experimental pipeline 10, and a pressure sensor 11 is arranged inside to record the macroscopic phase interface distribution characteristics and dynamic evolution characteristics of the gas-ore-liquid three-phase flow in the transparent experimental pipeline 10 under static bending and dynamic bending conditions, and at the same time, the pressure sensor 11 is used to measure the basic structure and development history of the phase interface of the transparent experimental pipeline 10 in different directions.

[0049] The interior of the transparent experimental pipeline 10 is a three-phase mixed fluid of solid, liquid and gas, and the phase interface refers to a plane or curved surface between substances of different phases.

[0050] Embodiment 2 Please refer to Figure 4 This embodiment provides a deep-sea mining flexible mixed pipe pneumatic lifting experimental method, which is implemented based on the deep-sea mining flexible mixed pipe pneumatic lifting experimental system as described in Example 1, and includes the following steps: Step S1, starting the deep-sea mining flexible mixed pipeline pneumatic lifting experimental system; Step S2, adjusting the rotation speed of the premixing distributor 13 through the computer 5, adjusting the solid particle conveying speed to a set value, adding solid particles into the premixing distributor 13; adjusting the gas conveying flow rate to a set value through the air compressor 1 and the flow meter 22, adding water into the water tank 17; so that the solid particles in the premixing distributor 13, the gas in the air compressor 1 and the water in the water tank 17 are all conveyed to the mixing chamber 20 to form a solid-liquid-gas three-phase mixture, and the solid-liquid-gas three-phase mixture is lifted upward by the pneumatic pump 21; Step S3, recording the pressure change in the transparent experimental pipeline 10 in real time through the pressure sensor 11, monitoring the gas delivery flow rate through the flow meter 22, monitoring the solid particle delivery rate through the computer 5, monitoring the concentration distribution of solid particles in the transparent experimental pipeline 10 in real time through the particle concentration detector 23, and recording the flow behavior of the solid-liquid-gas three-phase in the transparent experimental pipeline 10 through the camera 8; and recording the data of the particle concentration detector 23, the weighing sensor 7, the camera 8, the pressure sensor 11, the liquid level meter 15, the flow meter 22 and the liquid level sensor 6 through the computer 5; Step S4, shut down the deep-sea mining flexible mixed pipeline pneumatic lifting experimental system, remove the transparent experimental pipeline 10, rinse, dry and weigh it, record the weight data of the transparent experimental pipeline 10, and obtain the abrasion mass loss of the transparent experimental pipeline 10; characterize the surface morphology of the transparent experimental pipeline 10 using a microscope; Step S5, analyze the solid-liquid-gas three-phase flow behavior in the transparent experimental pipeline 10 recorded by the camera 8, obtain the mechanism of bubbles pushing solid particles and the law of flow pattern change; calculate the pipeline wear rate of the transparent experimental pipeline 10 after erosion; recover the solid particles in the solid collection box, weigh the recovered solid particles, and calculate the solid particle lifting efficiency.

[0051] Specifically, it also includes step S6, setting the transparent experimental pipeline 10 as a curved pipe, replacing new solid particles and water, repeating steps S1 to S5, obtaining the bubble-pushing particle mechanism and flow pattern change law affected by the bending of the transparent experimental pipeline 10, and obtaining the pipeline wear rate and solid particle lifting efficiency affected by the bending of the transparent experimental pipeline 10.

[0052] Specifically, it also includes step S7, changing the bending angle of the transparent experimental pipeline 10, replacing new solid particles and water, repeating steps S1 to S5, and obtaining the bubble-pushing particle mechanism and flow pattern change law, pipeline wear rate and solid particle lifting efficiency affected by different bending angles of the transparent experimental pipeline 10.

[0053] Specifically, it also includes step S8, setting the transparent experimental pipeline 10 as a flexible tube and connecting it to the telescopic end of the cylinder 24; repeating steps S1 to S5 to obtain the bubble-pushing particle mechanism and flow pattern change law affected by the swing of the transparent experimental pipeline 10, the pipeline wear rate and the solid particle lifting efficiency.

[0054] Specifically, it also includes step S9, changing the particle morphology of the solid particles, repeating steps S1 to S5, and obtaining the bubble-pushing particle mechanism and flow pattern change law affected by the particle morphology of the solid particles, the pipeline wear rate and the solid particle lifting efficiency.

[0055] Specifically, the experiment can be repeated multiple times, for example, at least three times, and after each experiment, a new transparent experimental pipeline 10, liquid and solid particles are replaced to ensure consistent experimental conditions, compare experimental results, and verify data consistency. The liquid can be water.

[0056] Specifically, after the experiment is over, all measurement data can be backed up and stored in time to ensure data integrity.

[0057] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 The deep-sea mining flexible mixed pipe pneumatic lifting experimental method provided in this embodiment is to assemble the deep-sea mining flexible mixed pipe pneumatic lifting experimental system as described in Example 1 before conducting the experiment. The camera 8 can be used to record the macroscopic phase interface distribution characteristics and dynamic evolution characteristics of the gas-ore-liquid three-phase flow in the transparent experimental pipeline 10 under static bending and dynamic bending. At the same time, the pressure sensor 11 can be used to measure the basic structure and development history of the phase interface in different directions of the transparent experimental pipeline 10, and explore the mechanism of bubbles pushing solid particles and the law of flow pattern changes. The transparent experimental pipeline 10 can also be replaced with a curved pipe with different bending angles, or the transparent experimental pipeline 10 can be connected to the cylinder 24 to simulate a swinging pipeline. The experiment can be carried out by continuously adjusting the volume fraction of the gas phase and the liquid phase, the solid particle conveying speed, the solid particle morphology, the solid particle feeding concentration, the curvature of the transparent experimental pipeline 10, the inner diameter of the transparent experimental pipeline 10 and the swinging speed of the transparent experimental pipeline 10. After the experiment is completed, the transparent experimental pipeline 10 is rinsed, dried, and weighed, and the data is recorded to obtain the abrasive mass loss of the transparent experimental pipeline 10. The surface morphology of the transparent experimental pipeline 10 can be characterized by a scanning electron microscope and an atomic force microscope, and the material wear rate of the transparent experimental pipeline 10 before and after erosion is calculated to analyze its wear mechanism; the solid particles are recovered, the mass of the remaining solid particles is weighed, and the solid particle improvement efficiency is calculated.

[0058] Please refer to Figure 4 Specifically, the surface morphology of the transparent experimental pipe 10 can be characterized by a microscope. Eight experiments are performed under each working condition. The abrasion time of each experiment is gradually increased. At the same time, before each experiment, a new sample of the transparent experimental pipe 10 is replaced. The three-dimensional surface morphology of the sample of the transparent experimental pipe 10 after each experiment is collected in turn, and the corresponding three-dimensional roughness parameters and the fractal dimension of the initial surface are recorded. The parameters of the three-dimensional morphology are the average values ​​of three measurements.

[0059] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 Specifically, the video footage of camera 8 can be manually analyzed.

[0060] Please refer to Figure 4Specifically, the mechanism of bubbles pushing solid particles and the law of flow pattern change mainly include: bubbly flow, small slug flow, irregular slug flow, large slug flow, stirring flow, fine bubble flow and annular flow.

[0061] Specifically, the material wear rate of the transparent experimental pipeline 10 before and after erosion=the wear quality difference of the transparent experimental pipeline 10 before and after erosion / erosion time.

[0062] Specifically, solid particle lifting efficiency = quantitative solid particle mass / conveying time.

[0063] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 Specifically, the transparent experimental pipeline 10 can be set as a straight tube or a curved tube, and the bending angle of the curved tube can be set to 30° or 60°.

[0064] Please refer to Figure 4 Specifically, by adjusting the premix distributor 13, the ratio of the solid particles to the liquid such as clean water can be adjusted to control the feed concentration of the solid particles. The feed concentration can be set to 5-15%, that is, the mass proportion of the solid particles in the solid-liquid mixture can be set to 5-15%.

[0065] Different types of solid particles can be replaced to adjust the shape of the solid particles. The shape of the solid particles can include: single sphere, double sphere, triple sphere. The outer diameter of the solid particles can be set to 10-30mm.

[0066] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 The air intake can be changed by adjusting the air compressor 1 to adjust the air force to increase the conveying speed. The conveying speed can be set to 2-6 m / s. Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 The inner diameter of the transparent experimental pipeline 10 can be changed by setting the transparent experimental pipeline 10 to a curved tube with different degrees of curvature, and the inner diameter can be 100-300 mm.

[0067] Please refer to Figure 4 After the experiment, the pipe material of the transparent experimental pipeline 10 is rinsed, dried, and weighed, and the weighing data is recorded to obtain the abrasion mass loss of the flexible riser serving as the transparent experimental pipeline 10; the surface morphology of the transparent experimental pipeline 10 is characterized by a scanning electron microscope and an atomic force microscope, and the wear rate of the material of the transparent experimental pipeline 10 before and after erosion is calculated, and then the wear mechanism of the transparent experimental pipeline 10 can be analyzed.

[0068] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4The transparent experimental pipeline 10 can be replaced with the actual pipe section that needs to be tested, and connected to the cylinder 21 for reciprocating push-pull motion. By adjusting the cylinder 21, the swing speed and amplitude and other factors can be adjusted to simulate the pipeline swinging in the actual deep-sea mining process, so that it can better fit the actual situation and the experimental results obtained are more accurate.

[0069] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A deep-sea mining flexible mixed pipe pneumatic lifting experimental system, characterized in that: include: Air compressor (1), A pneumatic pump (21) connected to the air compressor (1) via a connecting pipe (2), a flow meter (22) being installed on the connecting pipe (2); A transparent experimental pipeline (10), the bottom end of which is detachably connected to the pneumatic pump (21); a pressure sensor (11) and a particle concentration detector (23) are arranged inside the transparent experimental pipeline (10); A camera (8) is arranged outside the transparent experimental pipeline (10) and is used to photograph and record the solid-liquid-gas three-phase flow behavior of the substance inside the transparent experimental pipeline (10); A mixing chamber (20) connected to the pneumatic pump (21); a liquid level meter (15) and a particle concentration detector (23) are installed in the mixing chamber (20); A three-phase separator (12) is detachably connected to the top of the transparent experimental pipeline (10); the three-phase separator (12) is connected to a solid-liquid collection box, the solid-liquid collection box is connected to a liquid collection box and a solid collection box respectively through a conveying pipeline, the solid collection box is installed with a weighing sensor (7), and the liquid collection box is installed with a liquid level sensor (6); A premix distributor (13), which is connected to the three-phase separator (12) and the mixing chamber (20) respectively; a water tank (17), which is connected to the three-phase separator (12) and the mixing chamber (20) respectively; A computer (5) is connected to the particle concentration detector (23), the weighing sensor (7), the camera (8), the pressure sensor (11), the liquid level meter (15), the flow meter (22), the liquid level sensor (6) and the premixing and distributing machine (13) respectively, and is used to receive and store data from the particle concentration detector (23), the weighing sensor (7), the camera (8) and the pressure sensor (11), and is used to control the solid particle conveying speed of the premixing and distributing machine (13).

2. The deep-sea mining flexible mixed pipe pneumatic lifting experimental system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The transparent experimental pipeline (10) is configured as a straight tube.

3. The deep-sea mining flexible mixed pipe pneumatic lifting experimental system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The transparent experimental pipeline (10) is configured as a flexible tube and is connected to the telescopic end of the cylinder (24).

4. The deep-sea mining flexible mixed pipe pneumatic lifting experimental system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pressure sensors (11) are respectively arranged at the upper and lower positions inside the transparent experimental pipeline (10).

5. The deep-sea mining flexible mixed pipe pneumatic lifting experimental system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A valve (4) is installed on the connecting pipeline (2) between the air compressor (1) and the flow meter (22).

6. A deep-sea mining flexible mixed pipe pneumatic lifting experimental method, characterized in that: The deep-sea mining flexible mixed pipe pneumatic lifting experimental system is implemented based on any one of claims 1 to 5, and includes the following steps: Step S1, starting the deep-sea mining flexible mixed pipeline pneumatic lifting experimental system; Step S2, adjusting the rotation speed of the premixing and distributing machine (13) by means of the computer (5), adjusting the solid particle conveying speed to a set value, and adding the solid particles into the premixing and distributing machine (13); adjusting the gas conveying flow rate to a set value by means of the air compressor (1) and the flow meter (22), and adding water into the water tank (17); so that the solid particles in the premixing and distributing machine (13), the gas in the air compressor (1) and the water in the water tank (17) are all conveyed into the mixing chamber (20) to form a solid-liquid-gas three-phase mixture, and the solid-liquid-gas three-phase mixture is lifted upward by means of the pneumatic pump (21); Step S3, recording the pressure change in the transparent experimental pipeline (10) in real time through the pressure sensor (11), monitoring the gas delivery flow rate through the flow meter (22), monitoring the solid particle delivery rate through the computer (5), monitoring the concentration distribution of the solid particles in the transparent experimental pipeline (10) in real time through the particle concentration detector (23), and recording the flow behavior of the solid-liquid-gas three-phase in the transparent experimental pipeline (10) through the camera (8); receiving and storing data from the particle concentration detector (23), the weighing sensor (7), the camera (8), the pressure sensor (11), the liquid level meter (15), the flow meter (22) and the liquid level sensor (6) through the computer (5); Step S4, closing the deep-sea mining flexible mixed pipeline pneumatic lifting experimental system, removing the transparent experimental pipeline (10) and performing flushing, drying and weighing, recording the weight data of the transparent experimental pipeline (10), and obtaining the abrasive mass loss of the transparent experimental pipeline (10); characterizing the surface morphology of the transparent experimental pipeline (10) using a microscope; Step S5, analyzing the flow behavior of the solid-liquid-gas three-phase in the transparent experimental pipeline (10) recorded by the camera (8), obtaining the mechanism of the bubbles pushing the solid particles and the flow pattern change law; calculating the pipeline wear rate of the transparent experimental pipeline (10) after erosion; recovering the solid particles in the solid collection box, weighing the recovered solid particles, and calculating the solid particle lifting efficiency.

7. The deep-sea mining flexible mixed pipe pneumatic lifting experimental method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The method further comprises step S6, setting the transparent experimental pipeline (10) as a curved pipe, replacing the solid particles and water with new ones, and repeating steps S1 to S5, so as to obtain the bubble-pushing particle mechanism and flow pattern change law affected by the bending of the transparent experimental pipeline (10), and obtain the pipeline wear rate and solid particle lifting efficiency affected by the bending of the transparent experimental pipeline (10).

8. The deep-sea mining flexible mixed pipe pneumatic lifting experimental method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The method further comprises step S7, changing the bending angle of the transparent experimental pipeline (10), replacing the solid particles and water with new ones, and repeating steps S1 to S5 to obtain the bubble-pushing particle mechanism and flow pattern change law, pipeline wear rate and solid particle lifting efficiency affected by different bending angles of the transparent experimental pipeline (10).

9. The deep-sea mining flexible mixed pipe pneumatic lifting experimental method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The method further comprises step S8, setting the transparent experimental pipeline (10) as a flexible tube and connecting it to the telescopic end of the cylinder (24); repeating steps S1 to S5 to obtain the bubble-pushing particle mechanism and flow pattern change law, pipeline wear rate and solid particle lifting efficiency affected by the swing of the transparent experimental pipeline (10).

10. The deep-sea mining flexible mixed pipe pneumatic lifting experimental method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The method further includes step S9, changing the particle morphology of the solid particles, repeating steps S1 to S5, and obtaining the bubble-pushing particle mechanism and flow pattern change law, pipeline wear rate and solid particle lifting efficiency affected by the particle morphology of the solid particles.

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