Submarine cable acousto-optic monitoring system and submarine cable monitoring method

Abstract

The invention provides a submarine cable acousto-optic monitoring system and a submarine cable monitoring method, and relates to the technical field of submarine cable monitoring. The submarine cable acousto-optic monitoring system provided by the invention comprises a sonar monitoring module, an optical fiber monitoring module and a main control module, wherein the sonar monitoring module is used for acquiring topographic information of the seabed; the optical fiber monitoring module is arranged on the submarine cable, and the optical fiber monitoring module is used for acquiring strain information and temperature information of the submarine cable; the master control module is in communication connection with the sonar monitoring module and the optical fiber monitoring module so as to receive the terrain information, the strain information and the temperature information. The sonar monitoring module can monitor submarine topography in real time and generate a three-dimensional topographic map. The optical fiber monitoring module can monitor the exposure condition and the suspension condition of the submarine cable in real time, the main control module can combine the monitoring results of the optical fiber monitoring module and the sonar monitoring module, the monitoring result of the optical fiber monitoring module is visually displayed in a three-dimensional topographic map, and the scouring condition of the submarine cable is visually monitored in real time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of submarine cable monitoring, and in particular to a submarine cable acoustic and optical monitoring system and a submarine cable monitoring method. Background Art

[0002] Submarine cables are the core electrical equipment of offshore wind farms, responsible for power transmission and communication control. Submarine cables are usually buried in the seabed and fixed and secured by pile foundations. With the rapid development of offshore wind power, the safety of submarine cables has received increasing attention, because once they fail, the maintenance cost is extremely high, which has a huge impact on the safety of wind farms.

[0003] The operating environment of submarine cables is complex. Affected by the changes in seabed scouring and silting, they are prone to being exposed or suspended, leading to the risk of fatigue fracture. Monitoring the scouring conditions of submarine cables is the key to operation and maintenance. Different detection equipment must be used for buried and non-buried states, and high requirements are placed on coordination, accuracy, and stability. Relevant monitoring methods include the use of mobile equipment such as ships or manual diving to inspect along the way and the use of sensors laid along coastal cables for monitoring. The former cannot be monitored in real time and has high long-term costs, while the latter cannot visually observe the scouring conditions and has poor monitoring effects.

[0004] In summary, studying a monitoring system that can intuitively and real-time monitor the scouring condition of submarine cables is of great significance to ensure the stable operation and economic benefits of wind farms. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of the invention is to provide a submarine cable acoustic and optical monitoring system, aiming to realize intuitive and real-time monitoring of the scouring condition of the submarine cable.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the submarine cable acoustic and optical monitoring system proposed in the present invention includes a sonar monitoring module, an optical fiber monitoring module and a main control module. The sonar monitoring module is used to obtain the terrain information of the seabed; the optical fiber monitoring module is arranged on the submarine cable, and the optical fiber monitoring module is used to obtain the strain information and temperature information of the submarine cable; the main control module is respectively communicated with the sonar monitoring module and the optical fiber monitoring module to receive the terrain information, strain information and temperature information.

[0007] In one embodiment, the sonar monitoring module includes a first signal control module, a sound wave transmitting module, a sound wave receiving module and a first signal processing module; the first signal control module is electrically connected to the sound wave transmitting module, and the sound wave receiving module is electrically connected to the first signal processing module; the first signal processing module and the first signal control module are both electrically connected to the main control module.

[0008] In one embodiment, the sonar monitoring module further includes a repeater; the repeater is connected between the first signal control module and the main control module; and / or the repeater is connected between the first signal processing module and the main control module.

[0009] In one embodiment, the sonar monitoring module further includes a posture sensor, and the posture sensor is electrically connected to the first signal processing module.

[0010] In one embodiment, the optical fiber monitoring module includes a second signal control module, an optical signal transmitting module, an optical fiber, an optical signal receiving module and a second signal processing module; the second signal control module is electrically connected to the optical signal transmitting module, and the optical signal receiving module is electrically connected to the second signal processing module, and the optical fiber connects the optical signal transmitting module and the optical signal receiving module; the second signal control module and the second signal processing module are both connected to the main control module.

[0011] In one embodiment, the main control module includes a server, an operation module, a display module and a storage module; the operation module, the display module and the storage module are all connected to the server; the server is respectively communicatively connected to the sonar monitoring module and the optical fiber monitoring module.

[0012] The present invention further proposes a submarine cable monitoring method based on the submarine cable acoustic and optical monitoring system described in any one of the above real-time methods, and the submarine cable monitoring method comprises the following steps: Acquire strain information of multiple parts of the submarine cable when the submarine cable is in a normal working state and define it as reference strain information; Obtain real-time strain information of multiple parts of the submarine cable and define it as working strain information; The working strain information is compared with the reference strain information, and the position where the working strain information on the submarine cable differs from the reference strain information is defined as a strain abnormality point; Obtain real-time seafloor topography information and generate three-dimensional topographic maps; Alert abnormal strain points in the three-dimensional map.

[0013] In one embodiment, obtaining real-time seabed topography information and generating a three-dimensional topographic map specifically includes: obtaining real-time dense three-dimensional point information of the seabed topography through a sonar monitoring module, and displaying the obtained dense three-dimensional point information in a spatial three-dimensional coordinate system to form a three-dimensional topographic map.

[0014] In one embodiment, after the step of warning the abnormal strain point in the three-dimensional map, the following steps are also included: Obtain real-time temperatures at multiple locations on the submarine cable; The real-time temperatures of various parts of the submarine cable are compared with each other, and the parts with abnormal real-time temperatures on the submarine cable are defined as abnormal temperature points; Alert abnormal temperature points on the three-dimensional map.

[0015] In one embodiment, after comparing the real-time temperatures of various parts on the submarine cable with each other and defining the parts on the submarine cable where the real-time temperature is abnormal as temperature anomaly points, the following step is also included: calculating the exposed length of the submarine cable based on the distribution length of the temperature anomaly points.

[0016] The submarine cable acoustic and optical monitoring system proposed by the present invention includes a sonar monitoring module, an optical fiber monitoring module and a main control module. The sonar monitoring module is used to obtain the terrain information of the seabed; the optical fiber monitoring module is arranged on the submarine cable, and the optical fiber monitoring module is used to obtain the strain information and temperature information of the submarine cable; the main control module is respectively connected to the sonar monitoring module and the optical fiber monitoring module to receive the terrain information, strain information and temperature information. The sonar monitoring module can realize real-time monitoring of the seabed terrain and generate a three-dimensional terrain map to monitor the scouring of the submarine cable. The optical fiber monitoring module can realize real-time monitoring of the scouring of the submarine cable. When the submarine cable is exposed to seawater, the optical fiber monitoring module can monitor the change of the temperature of the submarine cable. When the submarine cable is suspended in the air due to scouring, the optical fiber monitoring module can detect the change of the strain of the submarine cable. The monitoring results of the optical fiber monitoring module and the sonar monitoring module can be combined through the main control module, and the monitoring results of the optical fiber monitoring module can be intuitively displayed in the three-dimensional terrain map, so as to realize intuitive and real-time monitoring of the scouring of the submarine cable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an acoustic and optical monitoring system provided by the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the layout of the acoustic and optical monitoring system provided by the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of the cross section at A in the middle; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a process flow of an embodiment of a submarine cable monitoring method provided by the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of another embodiment of the submarine cable monitoring method provided by the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic flow chart of another embodiment of the submarine cable monitoring method provided by the present invention.

[0019] Description of Figure Numbers: 100. Sound and light monitoring system; 1. Sonar monitoring module; 11. First signal control module; 12. Sound wave transmitting module; 13. Sound wave receiving module; 14. First signal processing module; 15. Repeater; 16. Attitude sensor; 2. Optical fiber monitoring module; 21. Second signal control module; 22. Optical signal transmitting module; 23. Optical fiber; 24. Optical signal receiving module; 25. Second signal processing module; 3. Main control module; 31. Server; 32. Operation module; 33. Display module; 34. Storage module; 200. Pile foundation; 300, submarine cable; 301, bend limiter; 400. Seabed surface.

[0020] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0023] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features limited to "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, if "and / or" or "and / or" appears in the full text, its meaning includes three parallel solutions. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes solution A, solution B, or solutions that satisfy both A and B. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0024] The present invention provides an acoustic and optical monitoring system 100 .

[0025] See also Figure 1 to Figure 2 In one embodiment of the present invention, the submarine cable 300 acoustic and optical monitoring system 100 includes a sonar monitoring module 1, an optical fiber monitoring module 2 and a main control module 3, wherein the sonar monitoring module 1 is used to obtain the terrain information of the seabed; the optical fiber monitoring module 2 is arranged on the submarine cable 300, and the optical fiber monitoring module 2 is used to obtain the strain information and temperature information of the submarine cable 300; the main control module 3 is respectively communicated with the sonar monitoring module 1 and the optical fiber monitoring module 2 to receive the terrain information, strain information and temperature information.

[0026] In this embodiment, the submarine cable 300 acoustic and optical monitoring system 100 proposed by the present invention has the core principle of using sonar technology and optical fiber 23 sensing technology to monitor the status and safety of the submarine cable. The sonar monitoring module 1 obtains the submarine topography information by sending sound waves and receiving reflected waves, while the optical fiber monitoring module 2 monitors the physical state of the submarine cable 300 by detecting the strain and temperature change of the optical fiber 23 on the submarine cable 300 through distributed optical fiber 23 sensors. Since the temperature of the submarine cable 300 exposed to seawater is different from the temperature of the submarine cable 300 buried in the seabed, when the submarine cable 300 is washed and exposed to the seawater, the optical fiber monitoring module 2 can monitor the temperature change of the submarine cable 300 and then judge whether the submarine cable 300 is exposed. When the submarine cable 300 is in a suspended state, due to the influence of gravity, the submarine cable 300 will have a large strain. The optical fiber monitoring module 2 can monitor the strain of the submarine cable 300 to judge whether the submarine cable 300 is in a suspended state. By using the distributed optical fiber 23 sensing technology, the distance between the exposed or suspended part and the laser transmitting end or receiving end of the optical fiber 23 can be located. The main control module 3 is responsible for processing and integrating this information, and fuses the data through a certain algorithm, and displays the exposed or suspended conditions monitored by the optical fiber monitoring module 2 in the seabed topographic map scanned by the sonar monitoring module, so as to realize real-time monitoring and visualization of the scouring condition of the submarine cable 300. It should be noted that between the place where the submarine cable 300 enters the mud and the place where the submarine cable 300 is connected to the pile foundation 200, the submarine cable 300 forms a suspended section, and a bend limiter 301 can be set to protect the suspended section. The bend limiter 301 allows the submarine cable 300 to bend at a small angle and can prevent the submarine cable 300 from being damaged due to excessive bending. The bottom of the bend limiter 301 is supported on the seabed surface 400, and the top of the bend limiter 301 is connected to the trumpet-shaped protective pipe set on the pile foundation 200. The seabed surface 400 at the bottom of the bend limiter 301 is easily scoured, which may cause the bend limiter 301 to fail. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on monitoring the scouring condition here. Please refer to Figure 2 The sonar monitoring module 1 can be arranged on the pile foundation 200 near the bending limiter 301, please refer to Figure 3 ( Figure 3 The partial cross-sectional view of the optical fiber 23 and the bend limiter 301 at A is shown), and the optical fiber 23 can also be spirally wound around the outside of the bend limiter 301 to increase the monitoring density and adapt to the outer contour shape of the bend limiter 301.

[0027] The sonar monitoring module 1 can be installed on the pile foundation 200 of the offshore wind power equipment, or the installation structure of the sonar monitoring module 1 can be built around the submarine cable 300 on the seabed. The sonar module scans the seabed terrain in real time and transmits the data back to the main control module 3. At the same time, the optical fiber monitoring module 2 is attached to the surface of the submarine cable 300, or uses the idle optical fiber 23 in the submarine cable 300 to monitor the strain and temperature of the submarine cable 300 in real time. When the submarine cable 300 is exposed or suspended due to changes in the seabed terrain or external factors, the optical fiber monitoring module 2 immediately detects the changes in strain and temperature and sends the data to the main control module 3. The main control module 3 combines the sonar data with the optical fiber 23 data to generate a three-dimensional terrain map, and marks the position of the submarine cable 300 that may be at risk in the map.

[0028] In addition, the sonar monitoring module 1 scans the seabed near the submarine cable 300 in real time, and can detect situations such as dragging of fishing nets and anchors in advance, thereby warning passing ships in advance and preventing passing ships from anchoring near the submarine cable 300, thereby reducing the risk of anchor damage to the submarine cable 300.

[0029] The technical solution of this embodiment can realize real-time monitoring of the seabed topography and generate a three-dimensional topographic map through the sonar monitoring module 1 to monitor the scouring of the submarine cable 300. The optical fiber monitoring module 2 can realize real-time monitoring of the scouring of the submarine cable 300. When the submarine cable 300 is exposed to seawater, the optical fiber monitoring module 2 can monitor the temperature change of the submarine cable 300. When the submarine cable 300 is suspended in the air due to scouring, the optical fiber monitoring module 2 can detect the strain change of the submarine cable 300. The monitoring results of the optical fiber monitoring module 2 and the sonar monitoring module 1 can be combined through the main control module 3, and the monitoring results of the optical fiber monitoring module 2 can be intuitively displayed in the three-dimensional topographic map, realizing intuitive and real-time monitoring of the scouring of the submarine cable 300.

[0030] For further information, see Figure 1 to Figure 2 In one embodiment of the present invention, the sonar monitoring module 1 includes a first signal control module 11, an acoustic wave transmitting module 12, an acoustic wave receiving module 13 and a first signal processing module 14; the first signal control module 11 is electrically connected to the acoustic wave transmitting module 12, and the acoustic wave receiving module 13 is electrically connected to the first signal processing module 14; the first signal processing module 14 and the first signal control module 11 are both electrically connected to the main control module 3.

[0031] In this embodiment, the working principle of the sonar monitoring module 1 is based on the characteristics of sound wave propagation in water. Among them, the first signal control module 11 is responsible for generating and adjusting control signals, which are used to drive the sound wave transmitting module 12. It can adjust the frequency, intensity and mode of sound wave emission according to the instructions of the main control module 3. After receiving the instructions of the first signal control module 11, the sound wave transmitting module 12 will generate a sound wave pulse and emit it into the water. When the sound wave propagates in the water, it will generate an echo when it encounters obstacles such as seabed terrain. The sound wave receiving module 13 is responsible for receiving the sound wave signal reflected by the seabed terrain. These signals reflect the seabed terrain information, such as the undulations of the seabed, the type of sediment, etc. The echo signal captured by the sound wave receiving module 13 is sent to the first signal processing module 14. The first signal processing module 14 includes a signal amplifier, a filter, etc. The first signal processing module 14 amplifies, filters and digitizes the signal, and then transmits it back to the main control module, which converts it into a three-dimensional terrain map through an algorithm. The first signal processing module 14 and the first signal control module 11 are both electrically connected to the main control module 3 to facilitate data exchange and transmission of control instructions.

[0032] For further information, see Figure 1 In one embodiment of the present invention, the sonar monitoring module 1 also includes a repeater 15; the repeater 15 is connected between the first signal control module 11 and the main control module 3; and / or, the repeater 15 is connected between the first signal processing module 14 and the main control module 3.

[0033] In this embodiment, the repeater 15 is added to enhance the stability and distance of signal transmission. The main function of the repeater 15 is to receive the signal, amplify the signal, and then retransmit the signal to overcome the attenuation, interference or distance limitation that the signal may encounter during transmission.

[0034] The repeater 15 is connected between the first signal control module 11 and the main control module 3: In this case, the repeater 15 ensures that the control signal from the main control module 3 to the first signal control module 11 is strong enough so that the sound wave emission module 12 can accurately execute the instruction. In addition, the repeater 15 can also ensure that the status information or feedback signal returned from the first signal control module 11 can be clearly received by the main control module 3.

[0035] The repeater 15 is connected between the first signal processing module 14 and the main control module 3: in this case, the repeater 15 is used to amplify and process the acoustic signals, which contain terrain information. Since the acoustic signals may attenuate during transmission, the role of the repeater 15 is to ensure that these important monitoring data can be effectively transmitted to the main control module 3 for further analysis and processing.

[0036] The application of the repeater 15 in the sonar monitoring module 1 improves the reliability and efficiency of signal transmission, enabling the sonar monitoring system to work effectively in a wider range of environments and under more complex conditions.

[0037] For further information, see Figure 1 In one embodiment of the present invention, the sonar monitoring module 1 further includes a posture sensor 16 , and the posture sensor 16 is electrically connected to the first signal processing module 14 .

[0038] In this embodiment, the role of the attitude sensor 16 in the sonar monitoring module 1 is to monitor and record the attitude information of the acoustic probe, including its position, direction, tilt angle, etc. This information is crucial for the accurate measurement of the sonar system, because the direction and distance of the sound wave propagation will be affected by the attitude of the probe. The attitude sensor 16, the sound wave transmitting module 12 and the sound wave receiving module 13 can be integrated into the acoustic probe and installed on the pile foundation 200. The attitude sensor 16 is integrated inside the acoustic probe, so that the measured attitude information can be ensured to be consistent with the reference coordinate system of the sound wave transmission and reception. Electrically connected to the first signal processing module 14: the attitude sensor 16 collects the attitude data of the acoustic probe in real time and transmits it to the first signal processing module 14 through an electrical signal. The first signal processing module 14 uses this data to correct the propagation path of the sound wave signal, thereby improving the measurement accuracy of the sonar system for the seabed topography. The attitude sensor 16 helps the sonar system maintain high-precision terrain monitoring capabilities in various marine environments by providing accurate attitude information.

[0039] For further information, see Figure 1 In one embodiment of the present invention, the optical fiber monitoring module 2 includes a second signal control module 21, an optical signal transmitting module 22, an optical fiber 23, an optical signal receiving module 24 and a second signal processing module 25; the second signal control module 21 is electrically connected to the optical signal transmitting module 22, the optical signal receiving module 24 is electrically connected to the second signal processing module 25, and the optical fiber 23 connects the optical signal transmitting module 22 and the optical signal receiving module 24; the second signal control module 21 and the second signal processing module 25 are both connected to the main control module 3.

[0040] In this embodiment, the optical fiber monitoring module 2 uses the optical fiber 23 as a sensor to obtain the strain and temperature information of the submarine cable 300 by detecting the propagation characteristics of the optical signal in the optical fiber 23. Among them, the second signal control module 21 is responsible for generating and adjusting the control signal for driving the optical signal transmitting module 22. The second signal control module 21 can adjust the characteristics of the emitted optical signal, such as wavelength, intensity and modulation mode, according to the instructions of the main control module 3. After receiving the instructions of the second signal control module 21, the optical signal transmitting module 22 generates an optical signal of a specific wavelength and injects it into the optical fiber 23. As a sensor, the optical fiber 23 plays the dual role of transmitting optical signals and sensing external strain and temperature changes. When the optical fiber 23 is stretched or compressed, the optical signal inside it will change accordingly, and the surplus optical fiber 23 in the submarine cable 300 can be directly used to save the cost of laying and monitoring; similarly, temperature changes will also affect the propagation characteristics of the optical signal. The optical signal receiving module 24 receives the optical signal transmitted through the optical fiber 23 and converts it into an electrical signal for subsequent processing. The second signal processing module 25 analyzes the received electrical signal, extracts strain and temperature information, and sends the information to the main control module 3 .

[0041] For further information, see Figure 1 In one embodiment of the present invention, the main control module 3 includes a server 31, an operation module 32, a display module 33 and a storage module 34; the operation module 32, the display module 33 and the storage module 34 are all connected to the server 31; the server 31 is respectively communicated with the sonar monitoring module 1 and the optical fiber monitoring module 2.

[0042] In this embodiment, the main control module 3 is the core of the submarine cable 300 acoustic and optical monitoring system 100, and the main control module 3 is responsible for collecting, processing, storing and displaying data from the sonar monitoring module 1 and the optical fiber monitoring module 2. Among them, the server 31 receives data from the sonar monitoring module 1 and the optical fiber monitoring module 2, executes the data analysis algorithm, and sends the processing results to the corresponding modules, such as displaying the three-dimensional point data of the seabed topography collected by the sonar monitoring module 1 in the three-dimensional coordinates of the space and outputting it to the display module 33. The operation module 32 allows the user to interact with the system, including inputting instructions, setting parameters, starting or stopping monitoring, etc. The operation module 32 may include a keyboard, a mouse, a touch screen or other input devices. The display module 33 is used to display the system status, monitoring results, alarm information and other related data. The display module 33 can be a display, an LCD screen or other visual output device or a mobile device. The storage module 34 is used to store monitoring data, system configuration, historical records, etc. for a long time. The storage module 34 can be a hard disk, a solid-state hard disk or other data storage device.

[0043] The present invention also proposes a submarine cable 300 monitoring method based on the submarine cable 300 acoustic and optical monitoring system 100 described in any one of the above real-time methods, please refer to Figure 4 In one embodiment of the present invention, the submarine cable 300 monitoring method comprises the following steps: Acquire strain information of multiple parts of the submarine cable 300 when the submarine cable 300 is in a normal working state and define the information as reference strain information; Acquire real-time strain information of multiple locations of the submarine cable 300 and define it as working strain information; Compare the working strain information with the reference strain information, and define the location where the working strain information on the submarine cable 300 differs from the reference strain information as a strain abnormality point; Obtain real-time seafloor topography information and generate three-dimensional topographic maps; Alert abnormal strain points in the three-dimensional map.

[0044] Since the present submarine cable 300 monitoring method adopts all the technical solutions of all the above-mentioned embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiments, which will not be described one by one here. It can be understood that in this embodiment, obtaining the strain information of the submarine cable 300 when the submarine cable 300 is in a normal working state and obtaining the real-time strain information of the submarine cable 300 can be achieved through the optical fiber monitoring module 2, and obtaining the real-time seabed topography information can be achieved through the sonar monitoring module 1. The main control module 3 compares the reference strain information and the working strain information obtained by the optical fiber monitoring module 2 to analyze the abnormal point, and the built-in program in the main control module 3 can calculate the position of the abnormal point in the optical fiber 23 according to the strain information of the abnormal point. The main control module 3 converts the real-time seabed topography obtained by the sonar monitoring module 1 into a seabed topographic map that is convenient for monitoring personnel to observe, and intuitively displays the position of the abnormal point. Real-time and intuitive monitoring of the scouring condition of the submarine cable 300 is achieved.

[0045] Among them, the abnormal points may be caused by external factors (such as seabed activities, seawater scouring or mechanical damage, etc.), which seriously affects the safety and performance of the submarine cable 300. When the submarine cable 300 is in normal working condition, the strain information of the submarine cable 300 is obtained through the optical fiber monitoring module 2 and defined as reference strain information. This information reflects the normal state of the submarine cable 300 when there is no external interference. The working strain information is obtained and the strain information of the submarine cable 300 is monitored in real time. This information is obtained during the actual working process of the submarine cable 300 and reflects the influence of various external factors that the submarine cable 300 may be subjected to. The real-time working strain information is compared with the reference strain information to identify the difference between the two. If there is a significant difference between the working strain information and the reference strain information, these difference points are defined as strain abnormal points. These points may be areas where the submarine cable 300 is damaged or affected by external factors. At the same time, the sonar monitoring module 1 obtains real-time seabed topography information and generates a three-dimensional topographic map. In the three-dimensional topographic map, the identified strain abnormal points are marked and warned so that the operator can quickly locate and evaluate the possible impact of these abnormal points on the submarine cable 300.

[0046] In one embodiment of the present invention, obtaining real-time seabed topography information and generating a three-dimensional topographic map specifically comprises: obtaining real-time dense three-dimensional point information of the seabed topography through the sonar monitoring module 1, and displaying the obtained dense three-dimensional point information in a spatial three-dimensional coordinate system to form a three-dimensional topographic map.

[0047] In this embodiment, the sonar monitoring module 1 detects the seabed topography by emitting sound waves and receiving their reflected waves, thereby obtaining dense three-dimensional point information. These three-dimensional point information contain detailed data of the seabed topography and can be used to construct an accurate three-dimensional topographic map. The signal processing module in the sonar monitoring module 1 analyzes the reflected waves, calculates the time difference from the emission of the sound waves to the reflection back, and the propagation speed of the sound waves in the seawater, thereby determining the spatial position of each reflection point. By processing a large amount of reflected wave data, the sonar monitoring module 1 generates a dense three-dimensional point cloud, which represents the detailed features of the seabed topography. The generated three-dimensional point cloud information is displayed in a three-dimensional coordinate system in space, and the position of each point is determined by its X, Y, and Z coordinates in the coordinate system, thereby forming a three-dimensional topographic map.

[0048] For further information, see Figure 5 In one embodiment of the present invention, after the step of warning the abnormal strain point in the three-dimensional map, the following steps are also included: Obtain real-time temperatures of multiple locations on the submarine cable 300; The real-time temperatures of various parts of the submarine cable 300 are compared with each other, and the parts of the submarine cable 300 where the real-time temperature is abnormal are defined as temperature abnormal points; Alert abnormal temperature points on the three-dimensional map.

[0049] In this embodiment, the purpose of obtaining the real-time temperature of each point on the submarine cable 300 is to monitor the exposure of the submarine cable 300. When the submarine cable 300 is exposed outside the seabed due to the erosion of seawater and contacts with seawater, the temperature of the submarine cable 300 will change. The temperature of the seabed is usually higher than that of the seawater. When the submarine cable 300 is partially exposed, the temperature of the exposed area will be lower than the temperature of the unexposed area. By comparing the real-time temperatures of various points on the submarine cable 300 with each other, it is possible to analyze the points on the submarine cable 300 where there are differences in real-time temperature, that is, temperature abnormal points. There is a great probability that the temperature abnormal points are exposed due to the erosion of seawater or other reasons. Combined with the strain abnormal points determined in the above embodiment, if a certain point is both a strain abnormal point and a temperature abnormal point, it means that the point is severely eroded.

[0050] See also Figure 6 In one embodiment of the present invention, after comparing the real-time temperatures of various parts on the submarine cable 300 and defining the parts with abnormal real-time temperatures on the submarine cable 300 as temperature anomaly points, the following step is also included: calculating the exposed length of the submarine cable 300 according to the distribution length of the temperature anomaly points.

[0051] In this embodiment, the detection of temperature anomaly points can not only reveal the problem that the submarine cable 300 may be exposed, but also be used to estimate the exposed length of the cable. First, the distribution of temperature anomaly points is analyzed and determined through the temperature data collected by the monitoring system. These anomaly points are usually continuous because the exposed part will affect the temperature of a certain length of cable. The continuous temperature anomaly points are defined as a temperature anomaly area. Each area may represent an exposed section of the cable. According to the starting and ending points of the temperature anomaly area, the length of each area can be calculated.

[0052] Through this method, the embodiment of the present invention provides an effective way to evaluate the scouring status of the submarine cable 300, which is helpful to help the maintenance team make maintenance decisions, such as determining whether it is necessary to carry large maintenance equipment.

[0053] The above description is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the technical concept of the present invention, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A submarine cable acoustic and optical monitoring system, characterized in that: The submarine cable acoustic and optical monitoring system comprises: A sonar monitoring module, wherein the sonar monitoring module is used to obtain seabed topographic information; An optical fiber monitoring module, which is arranged on the submarine cable and is used to obtain strain information and temperature information of the submarine cable; and A main control module, wherein the main control module is respectively connected to the sonar monitoring module and the optical fiber monitoring module to receive terrain information, strain information and temperature information.

2. The submarine cable acoustic and optical monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sonar monitoring module includes a first signal control module, a sound wave transmitting module, a sound wave receiving module and a first signal processing module; The first signal control module is electrically connected to the sound wave transmitting module, and the sound wave receiving module is electrically connected to the first signal processing module; The first signal processing module and the first signal control module are both electrically connected to the main control module.

3. The submarine cable acoustic and optical monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sonar monitoring module also includes a repeater; The repeater is connected between the first signal control module and the main control module; And / or, the repeater is connected between the first signal processing module and the main control module.

4. The submarine cable acoustic and optical monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sonar monitoring module also includes a posture sensor, and the posture sensor is electrically connected to the first signal processing module.

5. The submarine cable acoustic and optical monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical fiber monitoring module includes a second signal control module, an optical signal transmitting module, an optical fiber, an optical signal receiving module and a second signal processing module; The second signal control module is electrically connected to the optical signal transmitting module, and the optical signal receiving module is electrically connected to the second signal processing module, and the optical fiber connects the optical signal transmitting module and the optical signal receiving module; The second signal control module and the second signal processing module are both connected to the main control module.

6. The submarine cable acoustic and optical monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main control module includes a server, an operation module, a display module and a storage module; The operation module, the display module and the storage module are all connected to the server; The server is communicatively connected to the sonar monitoring module and the optical fiber monitoring module respectively.

7. A submarine cable monitoring method based on the submarine cable acoustic and optical monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The submarine cable monitoring method comprises the following steps: Acquire strain information of multiple parts of the submarine cable when the submarine cable is in a normal working state and define it as reference strain information; Obtain real-time strain information of multiple parts of the submarine cable and define it as working strain information; The working strain information is compared with the reference strain information, and the position where the working strain information on the submarine cable differs from the reference strain information is defined as a strain abnormality point; Obtain real-time seafloor topography information and generate three-dimensional topographic maps; Alert abnormal strain points in the three-dimensional map.

8. The submarine cable monitoring method according to claim 7, characterized in that: Acquiring real-time seabed topography information and generating a three-dimensional topographic map specifically includes: acquiring real-time dense three-dimensional point information of the seabed topography through a sonar monitoring module, and displaying the acquired dense three-dimensional point information in a spatial three-dimensional coordinate system to form a three-dimensional topographic map.

9. The submarine cable monitoring method according to claim 7, characterized in that: After the step of warning the abnormal strain point in the three-dimensional map, the following steps are also included: Obtain real-time temperatures at multiple locations on the submarine cable; The real-time temperatures of various parts of the submarine cable are compared with each other, and the parts with abnormal real-time temperatures on the submarine cable are defined as abnormal temperature points; Alert abnormal temperature points on the three-dimensional map.

10. The submarine cable monitoring method according to claim 7, characterized in that: After comparing the real-time temperatures of various parts on the submarine cable and defining the parts on the submarine cable where the real-time temperatures are different as temperature anomaly points, the following step is also included: calculating the exposed length of the submarine cable according to the distribution length of the temperature anomaly points.

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