Dynamic monitoring method of geological disasters based on seamless coupling of 3D, GIS and finite element simulation

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of geological disaster information collection, and discloses a geological disaster dynamic monitoring method based on seamless coupling of 3D, GIS and finite element simulation, including collecting initial state data of different monitoring points by deformation and strain, and inputting them into a 3D model based on GIS standards; designing a mathematical model guided by mathematical functions to judge its changing state in the space domain and time domain to obtain various types of data of each monitoring point, comparing and analyzing whether various types of data of all monitoring points have coupling characteristics in the space domain and time domain, and establishing information standardized geological information with coupling relationship by coupling characteristics; according to the initial conditions and boundary conditions set for the visualized three-dimensional geological model by the information standardized geological information, a refined finite element 3D grid is established to form a three-dimensional visualized interactive dynamic monitoring of coupled physical field information. The present invention establishes dynamic reminder information based on physics to facilitate slope reinforcement and disaster forecasting or early warning reminders.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of geological disaster information collection, and in particular to a geological disaster dynamic monitoring method based on seamless coupling of 3D, GIS and finite element simulation. Background Art

[0002] The province is dominated by karst landforms, with complex geological structures and a wide distribution area, accounting for more than 62% of the total area of ​​the province. With the influence of crustal movement and human engineering activities, geological disasters have become more frequent, directly or indirectly threatening people's lives and property.

[0003] The prerequisites for accurate prediction and forecasting of disasters such as landslides are: 1) relying on large-scale field test sites to form a set of systematic monitoring methods such as deformation fields and strain fields; 2) based on physical model experiments, establishing a set of organic simulation programs based on physical and mechanical mechanisms and landslide evolution processes; 3) through multidisciplinary cross-field coupling, establishing a set of visual monitoring and prediction systems that integrate prediction, demonstration and interaction.

[0004] The main problem of multi-means monitoring is the organic integration of multi-type observation data with different precision and reference benchmarks. Therefore, the primary task is to unify the benchmarks of various types of observation data based on the test site, extract and integrate the information representation of various types of data, and provide reliable information feedback. Disasters such as landslides are challenging to effectively model landslides due to differences in the inherent drive-stop mechanism. Reasonable classification and refined modeling of disaster points are the first step in establishing a refined physical model of the landslide evolution process.

[0005] The occurrence and evolution of disasters are usually related to the composition, density and water environment of geological materials, as well as the starting point and mountain configuration. Therefore, it is difficult for a single discipline to fully characterize the historical status of landslides and predict future evolution. Multidisciplinary intersection and multi-field coupling become necessary conditions for comprehensive understanding of disaster points, which requires multi-data collection, storage, management, interactive calculation and effective display.

[0006] The complexity of project construction is due to the complex configuration and evolution history of disaster points such as landslides, as well as their frequent and serious disaster-causing capabilities. How to effectively integrate various types of observation data, effectively simulate the evolution mode of disaster points, interactively display the history and change characteristics of disaster points, and reasonably predict future disaster trends to reduce possible economic losses is an important topic. This invention is aimed at the above problems and attempts to establish an effective visualization interactive system based on physical models. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention aims to provide a method for dynamic monitoring of geological disasters based on seamless coupling of 3D, GIS and finite element simulation. In view of the frequency and harmfulness of disaster points such as landslides, a standardized solution for monitoring data collection, collation, storage and management is realized by utilizing the collaborative work of indoor and outdoor systems. Based on the fusion of various data based on 3D and GIS, profile representation, geological layer DEM and material property structure are established. Finite element software is used to finely characterize the hierarchical structure of disaster points. The initial and boundary conditions of the model are jointly established through indoor comprehensive analysis and field surveys in the study area, and its loading and unloading evolution characteristics and 3D visual interactive display are simulated.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

[0009] 1) A method for dynamic monitoring of geological disasters based on seamless coupling of 3D, GIS and finite element simulation, including:

[0010] The initial state data of different monitoring points are collected by deformation and strain, and input into the 3D model based on GIS standards to build a visual 3D geological model;

[0011] According to the visualized three-dimensional geological model, the initial state data of different monitoring points are used to obtain other monitoring points in the area where the current monitoring point is located through a multi-layer associated topological network. The mathematical model of other monitoring points is designed with mathematical functions as the guide to determine their change states in the space domain and time domain to obtain various types of data of each monitoring point. The various types of data of all monitoring points are compared and analyzed to see whether they have coupling characteristics in the space domain and time domain, and the information standardized geological information with coupling relationship is established based on the coupling characteristics.

[0012] Based on the initial and boundary conditions set for the visualized three-dimensional geological model using standardized geological information, a refined finite element 3D grid is established to form a three-dimensional visualized interactive dynamic monitoring of coupled physical field information.

[0013] The present invention conducts reasonable monitoring of deformation and strain monitoring points for geological disaster monitoring, collects initial state data of different deformation and strain monitoring points, unifies and integrates the benchmarks of the initial state data of the above different monitoring points, unifies the initial state data of all monitoring points using GIS standards and inputs them into the 3D model to construct a visual three-dimensional geological model.

[0014] Through the visualization of three-dimensional geological models, mathematical models are designed with mathematical functions as the guide, and other monitoring points adjacent to or extending from the current monitoring point are automatically obtained. Other monitoring points in the time domain and space domain are fitted through 3D and GIS to display the distribution and evolution characteristics of the entire geology, providing basic type monitoring constraint information for 3D, GIS and finite element coupling.

[0015] At the same time, by checking whether the various data of each monitoring point have coupling characteristics in the spatial and temporal domains, the information standardized geological information with coupling relationship is established with the coupling characteristics, and combined with the spatiotemporal analysis and computing capabilities of GIS, technical support is provided for the establishment of a unified interactive display of field information. Based on the initial conditions and boundary conditions set for the visualized three-dimensional geological model by the information standardized geological information, a refined finite element 3D grid is established to provide theoretical and technical support for finite element simulation, forming a three-dimensional visualized interactive dynamic monitoring of coupled physical field information.

[0016] Therefore, the present invention uses new methods and technologies as means, focuses on the study of 3D, GIS and finite element seamless coupling methods, collects data through modern deformation and strain monitoring technology, uses numerical calculation to establish mathematical-physical models, and uses geotechnical mechanics, geodesy, geology, seepage fluid mechanics, computer science and geographic information science to conduct multidisciplinary cross-research. Therefore, the present invention uses the seamless coupling of 3D, GIS and finite elements mainly to complement their respective capabilities and shortcomings, thereby providing a physics-based visual interactive model that can display interactive evolution scenes to users, and can establish physics-based dynamic reminder information to facilitate slope reinforcement and disaster forecasting or early warning reminders.

[0017] 2) According to the method for dynamic monitoring of geological disasters based on seamless coupling of 3D, GIS and finite element simulation described in 1), the initial state data of different monitoring points are collected by deformation and strain, and input into the 3D model based on the GIS standard to construct a visual three-dimensional geological model, including the following steps:

[0018] Step S1, obtaining the initial state data of the deformation of the surface coordinates corresponding to a certain monitoring point in the area through remote sensing mapping by drones, satellites and ground cameras;

[0019] Step S2, obtaining the initial state data of the geological coordinate strain corresponding to a certain monitoring point in the area through a borehole pressure test;

[0020] Step S3: input the initial state data of the surface coordinate deformation in step S1 into the 3D model based on the GIS standard, and simultaneously input the initial state data of the geological coordinate strain in step S2 into the 3D model based on the GIS standard, and jointly construct a visual three-dimensional geological model.

[0021] The present invention uses remote sensing mapping by unmanned aerial vehicles, satellites and ground cameras to obtain the initial state data of surface coordinate deformation corresponding to a monitoring point in the area, and combines the borehole pressure test to obtain the initial state data of geological coordinate strain corresponding to a monitoring point in the area. At the same time, the initial state data of surface coordinate deformation and the initial state data of geological coordinate strain are integrated based on 3D and GIS standards to establish a visual three-dimensional geological model of profile representation, geological layer DEM and material attribute structure.

[0022] 3) The method for dynamic monitoring of geological disasters based on seamless coupling of 3D, GIS and finite element simulation according to 2), wherein:

[0023] In step S1, the remote sensing mapping by drone, satellite and ground camera includes:

[0024] Remote sensing mapping using drones to automatically collect data on remotely sensed objects using optical cameras, LiDAR and multispectral cameras;

[0025] Satellite and UAV integrated remote sensing mapping, using satellite to accurately calibrate the UAV remote sensing object data;

[0026] Integrated remote sensing mapping with ground cameras and drones, using ground cameras to collect remote sensing object data in the area and supplementing the drone remote sensing object data;

[0027] When a drone or ground camera transmits telemetry object data wirelessly, a signal center station is designed in the area, and the signal center station serves as a signal reinforcement point and is used to increase the wireless transmission signal of the drone and ground camera.

[0028] In order to solve the problem of weak telemetry data transmission signals in the prior art, the present invention builds a signal center station in the area of ​​a drone or a ground camera. When the telemetry data transmission signal is weak, the drone or the ground camera transmits the collected telemetry object data to the signal center station. The wireless transmission signal of the signal center station is strengthened to enhance the wireless signal of the telemetry object data, thereby ensuring that the drone and the ground camera can receive the telemetry data in real time, and ensuring the real-time and accurate return of the telemetry object data.

[0029] In addition, in the measurement practice, the present invention uses UAV remote sensing mapping and integrates it with satellite and ground camera remote sensing mapping to form a benign complement and fill the shortcomings of a single technology; at the same time, the compatibility of UAV remote sensing itself also creates conditions for this integration, which can ensure the actual application effect and maximize the value of UAV remote sensing.

[0030] 4) The method for dynamic monitoring of geological disasters based on seamless coupling of 3D, GIS and finite element simulation according to 2), wherein:

[0031] In step S2, the borehole pressure test includes:

[0032] Rock mass pressure test: Use borehole deformation gauges, borehole strain gauges and borehole inclusion stress gauges, hydraulic fracturing or casing and borehole bottom stress relief methods, or long-term monitoring of stress changes in the rock mass to determine the magnitude and direction of ground stress.

[0033] The present invention obtains the size and direction of ground stress through rock pressure testing and inputs the initial state data of strain at its monitoring point into the 3D model, thereby proposing a visualized three-dimensional geological model of the current initial state data; in addition, the underground stratification, fault distribution and slope structure information are analyzed through drilling, geological and other technologies, and the underground stratification, fault distribution and slope structure can be intuitively understood through the visualized three-dimensional geological model.

[0034] 5) According to the method for dynamic monitoring of geological disasters based on seamless coupling of 3D, GIS and finite element simulation described in 1), other monitoring points in the area where the current monitoring point is located are obtained through a multi-layer associated topological network based on the initial state data of different monitoring points according to the visualized three-dimensional geological model, including the following steps:

[0035] Step S1, the initial state data of other monitoring points are analyzed through the first associated topology network in the multi-layer associated topology network to obtain the positional relationship with the initial state data of the current monitoring point;

[0036] Step S2, taking the initial state data of the current monitoring point in the first associated topology network as the key object for screening, generating the initial state data of other monitoring points in the second associated topology network, the second associated topology network being a subnetwork of the first associated topology network in the multi-layer associated topology network;

[0037] Step S3, determine the target member block network corresponding to the initial state data of the current monitoring point based on the initial state data of all monitoring points in the second associated topology network, wherein the member devices in the target member block network correspond one-to-one to the monitoring targets in the sensitive mapping target queue, and each member device corresponds to a monitoring target in the sensitive mapping target queue.

[0038] The monitoring targets of the present invention include surface coordinate deformation data corresponding to the monitoring points, and geological coordinate strain data corresponding to the monitoring points. The above two types of data are integrated based on the GIS standard and input into the 3D model. The positional relationship between the current monitoring point and other monitoring points is analyzed through the first associated topological network, and the current monitoring point is used as the key object for screening to determine the target member block network corresponding to the initial state data of the current monitoring point. The remote sensing image data and the ground stress data in the member devices in the target member block network (remote sensing images collected by drones, satellites and ground cameras; or ground stress collected by borehole pressure testing) are integrated and correspond to the monitoring targets of the present invention. Several monitoring targets constitute a sensitive surveying and mapping target queue. The target member block network is automatically generated according to the sensitive surveying and mapping target queue, and the data of other monitoring points can be automatically obtained according to the target member block network.

[0039] 6) The method for dynamic monitoring of geological disasters based on seamless coupling of 3D, GIS and finite element simulation according to 5), wherein:

[0040] In step S1, the first associated topological network is the initial state data of the surface coordinates and geological coordinates corresponding to all monitoring points, and the initial state data includes the coordinate system position and ground stress data. Each monitoring point in the first associated topological network is used to simulate various monitoring targets in the area where the current monitoring point is located.

[0041] For example, the monitoring target in the present invention can be used to simulate monitoring points such as geotechnical monitoring points and landslide monitoring points in the area where the monitoring target is located. The surface coordinate system position of each monitoring point is remotely sensed and mapped by drones, satellites and ground cameras. At the same time, the geological stress data of each monitoring point is tested simultaneously by borehole pressure testing. The topological relationship between all monitoring points is the association relationship between the monitoring points in the first associated topological network (for example, the remote sensing mapping of the area is remote sensing image data, and the coordinate system position of each monitoring point in the area is analyzed according to the remote sensing image data, and then the geological stress data is collected through the borehole pressure test, so as to analyze the stress data of other monitoring points adjacent to or extended from each monitoring point, so as to analyze the slope conditions, disaster conditions, etc. in the area).

[0042] 7) The method for dynamic monitoring of geological disasters based on seamless coupling of 3D, GIS and finite element simulation according to 5), wherein:

[0043] In step S3, the target member block network fuses the remote sensing image data and ground stress data collected by all member devices of the second associated topology network to form a corresponding monitoring target, and all monitoring targets form a sensitive mapping target queue in sequence, and all sensitive mapping target queues automatically generate a target member block network.

[0044] The target member block network in the present invention generates the target member block network of the area through all sensitive mapping target queues, and obtains the coordinate system positions of other monitoring points in the target member block network in the remote sensing image data and the ground stress data based on 3D technology.

[0045] 8) According to the method for dynamic monitoring of geological disasters based on seamless coupling of 3D, GIS and finite element simulation described in 1), a mathematical model is designed based on mathematical functions to determine the change state of other monitoring points in the space domain and time domain to obtain various data of each monitoring point, and various data of all monitoring points are compared and analyzed to see whether they have coupling characteristics in the space domain and time domain, and information standardized geological information with coupling relationship is established based on the coupling characteristics, including the following steps:

[0046] Step S1, in the time domain, the coordinate position of the monitoring point at the previous moment and the current coordinate position are calculated to obtain the moving coordinate data of the monitoring point and save them; in the space domain, the stress of the monitoring point at the previous moment and the stress of the monitoring point at the current moment are respectively compared with the threshold stress;

[0047] Step S2, in the time domain and the space domain, taking a period of time as a benchmark, repeating step S1 to obtain the moving coordinate data of the same time difference, taking the moving coordinate data as the surface change value, and the change state of the applied force of the monitoring point at the previous time and the applied pressure at the current time;

[0048] Step S3, in the time domain, based on step S2, assume that the coordinates of the monitoring point at the current moment are (x, y, z), the coordinates at the previous moment are (x1, y1, z1), and the moving coordinate data is [(x-x1), (y-y1), (z-z1)]; perform linear changes on the monitoring point at continuous time t, and the calculation formula is:

[0049] Y=[(x-x1),(y-y1),(z-z1)]t

[0050] Where:

[0051] Y is the coordinate data for inferring and predicting the movement of the monitoring point in continuous time t;

[0052] In the spatial domain, based on step S2, the stress at the monitoring point at the current moment includes a pressure value of X1 and a stress value of Y1, and the stress at the previous moment includes a pressure value of X2 and a stress value of Y2, and the pressure threshold in the threshold is set to X and the stress threshold is set to Y:

[0053] When X1≥X and X2≥X, it is judged that the geological coordinates of the monitoring point have been strained in the initial state;

[0054] When X1≤X, and X2≥X, it is judged that the geological coordinates of the monitoring point are strained in a continuous state for a period of time;

[0055] When X1≤X and X2≤X, it is judged that the geological coordinates of the monitoring point will not be strained within a period of time.

[0056] Step S4, comparing the coordinate data A obtained by linearly changing the monitoring point in the time domain in step S3 in continuous time with the coordinate data B obtained by linearly changing the monitoring point adjacent to or extending from the same region, to determine whether the monitoring point affects the monitoring point adjacent to or extending from the same region, and to obtain the coupling characteristics between the two;

[0057] The monitoring point and the monitoring points adjacent to or extending from the same area in the spatial domain in step S3 are compared by thresholds at continuous time to obtain a state of pressure change, so as to determine whether the monitoring point affects the monitoring points adjacent to or extending from the same area, and obtain coupling characteristics between the two;

[0058] Step S5: input the coupling features obtained in step S4 into the 3D model based on the GIS standard to construct information standardized geological information, wherein the information standardized geological information includes the spatial structure nodes and structural information of the visualized three-dimensional geological model.

[0059] 9) According to the method for dynamic monitoring of geological disasters based on seamless coupling of 3D, GIS and finite element simulation described in 1), the initial conditions and boundary conditions set for the visualized three-dimensional geological model according to the information standardized geological information are used to establish a refined finite element 3D grid to form a three-dimensional visualized interactive dynamic monitoring of coupled physical field information, comprising the following steps:

[0060] Step S1, the information standardized geological information includes spatial structure nodes and structural information of a visualized three-dimensional geological model, wherein the spatial structure nodes are pressure thresholds and stress thresholds in the spatial domain of monitoring points, and the structural information is moving coordinate data of the coordinate system position in the time domain of the monitoring points;

[0061] Step S2, using the surface coordinate system data of the monitoring point and the initial state data of the geological stress as the initial conditions of the visualized three-dimensional geological model, using the moving coordinate data in step S1 as the boundary conditions of the surface coordinate system data of the visualized three-dimensional geological model, using the pressure threshold and the stress threshold in step S1 as the boundary conditions of the geological stress of the visualized three-dimensional geological model, and the boundary conditions are the boundary values ​​for the occurrence of geological disasters;

[0062] Step S3, establish a finite element mesh for the visualized three-dimensional geological model in step S2, simulate the evolution of the disaster point through the evolution model, and import the evolution structure into 3D and GIS for visualization, so as to form a three-dimensional visualized interactive dynamic monitoring of coupled physical field information.

[0063] 10) The method for dynamic monitoring of geological disasters based on seamless coupling of 3D, GIS and finite element simulation according to 9), wherein:

[0064] In step S3, the finite element network is established based on the GIS standard, based on the 3D, GIS slope field nodes and grid information, using grid tools to establish a refined three-dimensional finite element mesh, and optimize unreasonable nodes and grids.

[0065] Compared with the prior art, the present invention also has the following technical effects:

[0066] 1. In the existing technology, a single technology (such as 3D and GIS used separately) is usually used to monitor disaster points, which results in incomplete monitoring information from a single technology, often leading to inaccurate warning information. However, since the existing technology does not further explore the benchmark integration problem of multivariate data, it is not possible to effectively couple multivariate observations, resulting in the inability to understand the dynamic changes and threshold warning information of disaster monitoring points in a dynamic perception and interactive coupling manner.

[0067] Alternatively, the finite element simulation program in the prior art can characterize the evolution characteristics of the slope to a certain extent, but due to the lack of 3D visualization interaction and spatial computing capabilities, it cannot independently and interactively display information that is convenient for users to perceive. Therefore, the seamless coupling of 3D, GIS and finite elements in the present invention mainly provides a physics-based visualization interaction model by complementing their respective capabilities, which can display interactive evolution scenes to users and establish physics-based dynamic reminder information to facilitate slope reinforcement and disaster forecasting or early warning reminders.

[0068] 2. Comparative advantages of the present invention over similar technologies: When looking at the status of GIS in disaster applications from an intelligent perspective, it can be found that it is still mainly based on interactive display and does not have complete information representation capabilities based on physical fields. Due to the lack of this capability, a single GIS system is difficult to be directly applied to a "smart" system without correction or supplementation.

[0069] Since finite element has been widely used in various engineering and disaster monitoring studies, its ability to model complex geological and geomorphological features of the object of interest and its ability to simulate and calculate under complex conditions make it indispensable for physical field calculations at monitoring points. For many users, numerical modeling of physical phenomena has become a necessity. It can not only better understand the system under study, but also establish a better connection with the purpose and policy makers. Although some studies have attempted to develop finite element simulation modules in GIS systems (for example, ArcFEM modules developed based on ArcGIS), due to its volume and scene-specific limitations, it is not as convenient as direct calculation by finite element software, so it has not been widely used.

[0070] Therefore, the current attempts to combine GIS with finite element methods usually make full use of the respective strengths of different software and attempt to couple the two through a "loose coupling" method of intermediate layer bridging. The main objects of the attempts are still engineering and water conservancy, and are rarely used in slope monitoring. Even today when the construction of smart interactive systems such as smart cities, smart water conservancy and smart transportation is in full swing, there is still no complete system for seamless coupling of integrated physical field monitoring and dynamic display of digital models in slope monitoring.

[0071] The present invention combines the needs of intelligent deformation monitoring, and aims to systematically study the dynamic visualization method of coupled physical field intelligent deformation monitoring. The physical field and geospatial three-dimensional visualization have unique complexity due to their independent modeling systems, and need to combine the original field real-time monitoring, collection, and processing technology, GIS three-dimensional space calculation and visualization capabilities, and finite element data fitting and physical field calculation capabilities. The research makes full use of modern scientific and technological means, which will provide scientific basis and technical support for the intelligent monitoring of slope disaster points in Guizhou Province and even the whole country, and its results can be extended to the construction of deformation monitoring systems for other types of disaster points.

[0072] 3. The effective monitoring of landslide disasters in the present invention and dynamic interaction are technically complex projects. Due to its coupled physical field changes, it can provide effective support for disaster prevention and control, so that the slopes can be reasonably reinforced, the occurrence of disasters can be delayed or even avoided, and the economic waste of blind large-scale slope reinforcement can be reduced. The breakthrough of this technical problem will drive the progress of disaster prevention and control and dynamic response, and will avoid hundreds of billions of yuan in economic losses each year, which can greatly protect people's lives, maintain social stability, and promote the sustainable development of local social economy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0073] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of a method for dynamic monitoring of geological disasters based on seamless coupling of 3D, GIS and finite element simulation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0074] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0075] Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments disclosed herein, examples of which are described herein and illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Although the present disclosure will be described in conjunction with embodiments and / or examples, they do not limit the present disclosure to these embodiments and / or examples. On the contrary, the present disclosure covers alternatives, modifications and equivalents.

[0076] The present invention is based on a method for dynamic monitoring of geological disasters by seamlessly coupling 3D, GIS and finite element simulation, and is applied to a landslide disaster site. The site has field monitoring conditions, can provide the power and other facilities required for long-term monitoring, and has the characteristics of short-term stability, which can ensure the effective monitoring.

[0077] Including the following contents: In view of the frequency and harmfulness of disaster points such as landslides, the collaborative work of indoor and outdoor systems is used to realize a standardized plan for monitoring data collection, collation, storage and management. Based on 3D and GIS, various data are integrated to establish profile representation, geological layer DEM and material property structure. Finite element software is used to finely characterize the hierarchical structure of disaster points. Through indoor comprehensive analysis and field surveys in the study area, the initial and boundary conditions of the model are jointly established, and its loading and unloading evolution characteristics and 3D visual interactive display are simulated.

[0078] Example 1, see Figure 1 As shown, the method for dynamic monitoring of geological disasters based on seamless coupling of 3D, GIS and finite element simulation in this embodiment 1 includes:

[0079] The initial state data of different monitoring points are collected by deformation and strain, and input into the 3D model based on GIS standards to build a visual 3D geological model;

[0080] According to the visualized three-dimensional geological model, the initial state data of different monitoring points are used to obtain other monitoring points in the area where the current monitoring point is located through a multi-layer associated topological network. The mathematical model of other monitoring points is designed with mathematical functions as the guide to determine their change states in the space domain and time domain to obtain various types of data of each monitoring point. The various types of data of all monitoring points are compared and analyzed to see whether they have coupling characteristics in the space domain and time domain, and the information standardized geological information with coupling relationship is established based on the coupling characteristics.

[0081] Based on the initial and boundary conditions set for the visualized three-dimensional geological model using standardized geological information, a refined finite element 3D grid is established to form a three-dimensional visualized interactive dynamic monitoring of coupled physical field information.

[0082] For geological disaster monitoring, reasonable monitoring of deformation and strain monitoring points is carried out, and the initial state data of deformation and strain at different monitoring points are collected. The benchmarks of the initial state data of the above different monitoring points are unified and integrated. The initial state data of all monitoring points are unified and input into the 3D model using GIS standards to construct a visual three-dimensional geological model.

[0083] Through the visualization of three-dimensional geological models, mathematical models are designed with mathematical functions as the guide, and other monitoring points adjacent to or extending from the current monitoring point are automatically obtained. Other monitoring points in the time domain and space domain are fitted through 3D and GIS to display the distribution and evolution characteristics of the entire geology, providing basic type monitoring constraint information for 3D, GIS and finite element coupling.

[0084] At the same time, by checking whether the various data of each monitoring point have coupling characteristics in the spatial and temporal domains, the information standardized geological information with coupling relationship is established with the coupling characteristics, and combined with the spatiotemporal analysis and computing capabilities of GIS, technical support is provided for the establishment of a unified interactive display of field information. Based on the initial conditions and boundary conditions set for the visualized three-dimensional geological model by the information standardized geological information, a refined finite element 3D grid is established to provide theoretical and technical support for finite element simulation, forming a three-dimensional visualized interactive dynamic monitoring of coupled physical field information.

[0085] Therefore, new methods and technologies are used as means, with the study of seamless coupling methods of 3D, GIS and finite elements as the core, data is collected through modern deformation and strain monitoring technology, mathematical-physical models are established using numerical calculations, and multidisciplinary cross-research is conducted using geotechnical mechanics, geodesy, geology, seepage fluid mechanics, computer science and geographic information science. Therefore, the present invention uses seamless coupling of 3D, GIS and finite elements mainly to complement each other's shortcomings, thereby providing a physics-based visual interactive model that can display interactive evolution scenes to users, and can establish physics-based dynamic reminder information to facilitate slope reinforcement and disaster forecasting or early warning reminders.

[0086] Among them, this embodiment 2 collects the initial state data of different monitoring points based on deformation and strain, and inputs them into the 3D model based on the GIS standard to construct a visual three-dimensional geological model: through research, a reasonable monitoring point layout plan is given to accurately monitor the temporal change characteristics of slope deformation, and by integrating various other observation data, a unified information representation of various types of data is achieved, and the possible evolution pattern of the slope is mapped using observation phenomena such as deformation, providing a benchmark for the modeling of visual three-dimensional geological models.

[0087] Step 1: Reasonable layout, collection, processing and data fusion of slope deformation and strain monitoring points;

[0088] Step 2: Collection of drilling and geophysical data (collection of drilling and geological and geomorphological data);

[0089] Step 3: On-site continuous and mobile point construction and monitoring (construction of observation piers at the test site: design and build continuous and mobile observation piers);

[0090] Step 4: real-time acquisition and solution of observation data sets, and the initial state data of deformation of surface coordinates corresponding to monitoring points and initial state data of strain of geological coordinates corresponding to monitoring points are given;

[0091] Step 5: Unify the spatial and temporal benchmarks of various types of observation data (benchmark: use mathematical methods to unify the benchmarks of various types of data) to achieve unified representation of information;

[0092] Step 6: Summarize the data characteristics based on the characteristics of each type of data to prepare for the subsequent access to the GIS standardized interface design.

[0093] At the same time, in step 4, this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0094] Step S1, obtaining the initial state data of the deformation of the surface coordinates corresponding to a certain monitoring point in the area through remote sensing mapping by drones, satellites and ground cameras;

[0095] Step S2, obtaining the initial state data of the geological coordinate strain corresponding to a certain monitoring point in the area through a borehole pressure test;

[0096] Step S3: input the initial state data of the surface coordinate deformation in step S1 into the 3D model based on the GIS standard, and simultaneously input the initial state data of the geological coordinate strain in step S2 into the 3D model based on the GIS standard, and jointly construct a visual three-dimensional geological model.

[0097] Remote sensing mapping using drones, satellites and ground cameras is used to obtain the initial state data of the surface coordinate deformation corresponding to a monitoring point in the area. Combined with the borehole pressure test, the initial state data of the geological coordinate strain corresponding to a monitoring point in the area is obtained. At the same time, the initial state data of the surface coordinate deformation and the initial state data of the geological coordinate strain are integrated based on 3D and GIS standards to establish a visual three-dimensional geological model of profile representation, geological layer DEM and material property structure.

[0098] In this embodiment, the determination of the surface coordinates and geological coordinates of the monitoring points includes:

[0099] 1. Combine drilling, geology and other technologies to study the underground stratification, fault distribution and slope structure information of the site in detail, and reasonably arrange monitoring points, including surface coordinates and geological coordinates;

[0100] 2. Combine the slope structure and historical evolution characteristics to establish a long-term observation and mobile observation deployment plan;

[0101] 3. In combination with the deployment plan, regularly collect and process data, and achieve benchmark unification and data fusion with other types of observation data.

[0102] In this embodiment, a reasonable monitoring point layout plan is given through research, the changing characteristics of slope deformation and strain are accurately monitored, and various other observation data are integrated to achieve unified information representation of various types of data. The possible evolution pattern of the slope field is mapped using observation phenomena such as deformation, providing a benchmark for input 3D model modeling, and jointly constructing a visual three-dimensional geological model.

[0103] Further in step S1, more detailed UAV, satellite and ground camera remote sensing mapping includes:

[0104] Remote sensing mapping using drones to automatically collect data on remotely sensed objects using optical cameras, LiDAR and multispectral cameras;

[0105] Satellite and UAV integrated remote sensing mapping, using satellite to accurately calibrate the UAV remote sensing object data;

[0106] Integrated remote sensing mapping with ground cameras and drones, using ground cameras to collect remote sensing object data in the area and supplementing the drone remote sensing object data;

[0107] When a drone or ground camera transmits telemetry object data wirelessly, a signal center station is designed in the area, and the signal center station serves as a signal reinforcement point and is used to increase the wireless transmission signal of the drone and ground camera.

[0108] In order to solve the problem of weak telemetry data transmission signals in the prior art, a signal center station is built in the area of ​​the UAV or ground camera. When the telemetry data transmission signal is weak, the UAV or ground camera transmits the collected telemetry object data to the signal center station. The wireless transmission signal of the signal center station is strengthened to enhance the wireless signal of the telemetry object data, thereby ensuring that the UAV and ground camera can receive the telemetry data in real time, and ensuring the real-time and accurate return of the telemetry object data.

[0109] In addition, in surveying practice, the use of UAV remote sensing mapping and its integration with satellite and ground camera remote sensing mapping form a benign complement to fill the shortcomings of a single technology; at the same time, the compatibility of UAV remote sensing itself also creates conditions for this integration, which can ensure the actual application effect and maximize the value of UAV remote sensing.

[0110] In addition, in step S2 of this embodiment, the borehole pressure test includes: the rock pressure test uses a borehole deformation meter, a borehole strain gauge and a borehole inclusion stress gauge, uses hydraulic fracturing or casing and borehole bottom stress relief method, or long-term monitoring of stress changes in the rock mass to determine the magnitude and direction of the ground stress.

[0111] The magnitude and direction of the ground stress are obtained through rock pressure testing and the initial state data of the strain at the monitoring point is input into the 3D model, thereby suggesting a visualized three-dimensional geological model of the current initial state data; in addition, the underground stratification, fault distribution and slope structure information are analyzed through drilling, geological and other technologies, and the underground stratification, fault distribution and slope structure can be intuitively understood through the visualized three-dimensional geological model.

[0112] In addition, in this embodiment, the input is input into the 3D model based on the GIS standard, and the construction of a visual three-dimensional geological model is through a standardized data acquisition input module and metadata and a three-dimensional structure output module, which provides a basis for the effective integration and representation of monitoring data and historical data and the standard access of finite element modeling, establishes a standardized interface for the seamless coupling of finite element and 3D, GIS, integrates multivariate data (seismic, geological and hydrological data observation data and deformation and strain data into GIS), standardizes the interface (implemented with GIS interface standardized code), establishes a system interaction level, realizes data space calculation and display functions (using GIS to realize interactive data space feature calculation and visual interaction); provides convenient three-dimensional structure data, initial and boundary condition data for subsequent finite element calculations.

[0113] Based on the GIS standard, the visualized three-dimensional geological model input into the 3D model uses the initial state data of different monitoring points to obtain other monitoring points in the area where the current monitoring point is located through a multi-layer associated topological network, including the following steps:

[0114] Step S1, the initial state data of other monitoring points are analyzed through the first associated topology network in the multi-layer associated topology network to obtain the positional relationship with the initial state data of the current monitoring point;

[0115] Step S2, taking the initial state data of the current monitoring point in the first associated topology network as the key object for screening, generating the initial state data of other monitoring points in the second associated topology network, the second associated topology network being a subnetwork of the first associated topology network in the multi-layer associated topology network;

[0116] Step S3, determine the target member block network corresponding to the initial state data of the current monitoring point based on the initial state data of all monitoring points in the second associated topology network, wherein the member devices in the target member block network correspond one-to-one to the monitoring targets in the sensitive mapping target queue, and each member device corresponds to a monitoring target in the sensitive mapping target queue.

[0117] The monitoring targets include surface coordinate deformation data corresponding to the monitoring points and geological coordinate strain data corresponding to the monitoring points. The above two types of data are integrated based on the GIS standard and input into the 3D model. The positional relationship between the current monitoring point and other monitoring points is analyzed through the first associated topological network, and the current monitoring point is used as the key object for screening to determine the target member block network corresponding to the initial state data of the current monitoring point. The remote sensing image data and the ground stress data in the member devices in the target member block network (remote sensing images collected by drones, satellites and ground cameras; or ground stress collected by borehole pressure testing) are integrated and correspond to the monitoring targets in the present invention. Several monitoring targets constitute a sensitive surveying and mapping target queue. The target member block network is automatically generated according to the sensitive surveying and mapping target queue. The data of other monitoring points can be automatically obtained according to the target member block network.

[0118] In step S1, the first associated topological network is the initial state data of the surface coordinates and geological coordinates corresponding to all monitoring points. The initial state data includes the coordinate system position and ground stress data. Each monitoring point in the first associated topological network is used to simulate the various monitoring targets in the area where the current monitoring point is located.

[0119] For example, the monitoring target in the present invention can be used to simulate monitoring points such as geotechnical monitoring points and landslide monitoring points in the area where the monitoring target is located. The surface coordinate system position of each monitoring point is remotely sensed and mapped by drones, satellites and ground cameras. At the same time, the geological stress data of each monitoring point is tested simultaneously by borehole pressure testing. The topological relationship between all monitoring points is the association relationship between the monitoring points in the first associated topological network (for example, the remote sensing mapping of the area is remote sensing image data, and the coordinate system position of each monitoring point in the area is analyzed according to the remote sensing image data, and then the geological stress data is collected through the borehole pressure test, so as to analyze the stress data of other monitoring points adjacent to or extended from each monitoring point, so as to analyze the slope conditions, disaster conditions, etc. in the area).

[0120] In step S3, the target member block network fuses the remote sensing image data and ground stress data collected by all member devices of the second associated topology network to form a corresponding monitoring target, and all monitoring targets form a sensitive mapping target queue in sequence, and all sensitive mapping target queues automatically generate a target member block network.

[0121] The target member block network in the present invention generates the target member block network of the area through all sensitive mapping target queues, and obtains the coordinate system positions of other monitoring points in the target member block network in the remote sensing image data and the ground stress data based on 3D technology.

[0122] Among them, in this embodiment, other monitoring points are designed with mathematical models guided by mathematical functions to determine their change states in the space domain and time domain to obtain various types of data for each monitoring point, and various types of data of all monitoring points are compared and analyzed to see whether they have coupling characteristics in the space domain and time domain, and information standardized geological information with coupling relationship is established with coupling characteristics, including the following steps:

[0123] Step S1, in the time domain, the coordinate position of the monitoring point at the previous moment and the current coordinate position are calculated to obtain the moving coordinate data of the monitoring point and save them; in the space domain, the stress of the monitoring point at the previous moment and the stress of the monitoring point at the current moment are respectively compared with the threshold stress;

[0124] Step S2, in the time domain and the space domain, taking a period of time as a benchmark, repeating step S1 to obtain the moving coordinate data of the same time difference, taking the moving coordinate data as the surface change value, and the change state of the applied force of the monitoring point at the previous time and the applied pressure at the current time;

[0125] Step S3, in the time domain, based on step S2, assume that the coordinates of the monitoring point at the current moment are (x, y, z), the coordinates at the previous moment are (x1, y1, z1), and the moving coordinate data is [(x-x1), (y-y1), (z-z1)]; perform linear changes on the monitoring point at continuous time t, and the calculation formula is:

[0126] Y=[(x-x1),(y-y1),(z-z1)]t

[0127] Where:

[0128] Y is the coordinate data for inferring and predicting the movement of the monitoring point in continuous time t;

[0129] In the spatial domain, based on step S2, the stress at the monitoring point at the current moment includes a pressure value of X1 and a stress value of Y1, and the stress at the previous moment includes a pressure value of X2 and a stress value of Y2, and the pressure threshold in the threshold is set to X and the stress threshold is set to Y:

[0130] When X1≥X and X2≥X, it is judged that the geological coordinates of the monitoring point have been strained in the initial state;

[0131] When X1≤X, and X2≥X, it is judged that the geological coordinates of the monitoring point are strained in a continuous state for a period of time;

[0132] When X1≤X and X2≤X, it is judged that the geological coordinates of the monitoring point will not be strained within a period of time.

[0133] Step S4, comparing the coordinate data A obtained by linearly changing the monitoring point in the time domain in step S3 in continuous time with the coordinate data B obtained by linearly changing the monitoring point adjacent to or extending from the same region, to determine whether the monitoring point affects the monitoring point adjacent to or extending from the same region, and to obtain the coupling characteristics between the two;

[0134] The monitoring point and the monitoring points adjacent to or extending from the same area in the spatial domain in step S3 are compared by thresholds at continuous time to obtain a state of pressure change, so as to determine whether the monitoring point affects the monitoring points adjacent to or extending from the same area, and obtain coupling characteristics between the two;

[0135] Step S5: input the coupling features obtained in step S4 into the 3D model based on the GIS standard to construct information standardized geological information, wherein the information standardized geological information includes the spatial structure nodes and structural information of the visualized three-dimensional geological model.

[0136] In addition, according to the initial conditions and boundary conditions set for the visualized three-dimensional geological model based on the standardized geological information, a refined finite element 3D grid is established to form a three-dimensional visualized interactive dynamic monitoring of coupled physical field information, including the following steps:

[0137] Step S1, the information standardized geological information includes spatial structure nodes and structural information of a visualized three-dimensional geological model, wherein the spatial structure nodes are pressure thresholds and stress thresholds in the spatial domain of monitoring points, and the structural information is moving coordinate data of the coordinate system position in the time domain of the monitoring points;

[0138] Step S2, using the surface coordinate system data of the monitoring point and the initial state data of the geological stress as the initial conditions of the visualized three-dimensional geological model, using the moving coordinate data in step S1 as the boundary conditions of the surface coordinate system data of the visualized three-dimensional geological model, using the pressure threshold and the stress threshold in step S1 as the boundary conditions of the geological stress of the visualized three-dimensional geological model, and the boundary conditions are the boundary values ​​for the occurrence of geological disasters;

[0139] Step S3, establish a finite element mesh for the visualized three-dimensional geological model in step S2, simulate the evolution of the disaster point through the evolution model, and import the evolution structure into 3D and GIS for visualization, so as to form a three-dimensional visualized interactive dynamic monitoring of coupled physical field information.

[0140] In step S3, the finite element network is established based on the GIS standard, based on the 3D, GIS slope field nodes and grid information, using grid tools to establish a refined three-dimensional finite element mesh, and optimize unreasonable nodes and grids.

[0141] Comparative advantages with similar technologies: From the perspective of intelligence, we can see that GIS is still mainly interactive and does not have complete information representation capabilities based on physical fields. Due to the lack of this capability, it is difficult for a single GIS system to be directly applied to a "smart" system without correction or supplementation. Since finite element has been widely used in various engineering and disaster monitoring studies, its ability to model complex geological and geomorphic features of the objects of interest and its ability to simulate and calculate under complex conditions make it an indispensable existence for physical field calculations at monitoring points. For many users, numerical modeling of physical phenomena has become a necessity. It can not only better understand the system under study, but also establish better connections with purposes and policy makers. Although some studies have attempted to develop finite element simulation modules in GIS systems (for example, ArcFEM modules developed based on ArcGIS), due to its volume and scene-specific limitations, it is not as convenient as direct calculations by finite element software, so it has not been widely used. Therefore, the current attempts to combine GIS with finite elements usually make full use of the respective strengths of different software, and attempt to couple the two through a "loose coupling" method of intermediate layer bridging. The main objects of the attempts are still engineering and water conservancy, and they are rarely used in slope monitoring. The earliest domestic attempts to combine GIS and finite elements can be traced back to the early 21st century. However, the main direction of the attempts was to use the spatial calculation and display capabilities of GIS to assist finite element modeling, and there was no attempt to couple the two, that is, to couple finite elements to output to GIS for dynamic display and disaster prediction. Literature searched with relevant keywords shows that there are very few studies on the coupling of GIS and finite elements, and there is almost no research specifically on intelligent disaster monitoring in the context of complex geological environments of slopes.

[0142] Even today, when the construction of smart interactive systems such as smart cities, smart water conservancy and smart transportation is in full swing, there is still no complete system for seamless coupling of integrated physical field monitoring and dynamic display of digital models in slope monitoring. At home and abroad, the use of GIS to evaluate slope hazard initially introduced the limit equilibrium model into GIS. However, since the model based on the limit equilibrium theory cannot simulate the slow deformation process of the rock mass, numerical simulation technology has gradually been applied to the GIS-based slope stability evaluation. Based on this, the research mainly focuses on 1) deformation process simulation; 2) GIS-based finite element mesh generation; 3) numerical calculation; 4) system integration. However, even today, there is no commercial GIS software that couples physical fields.

[0143] With the development of science and technology, computer technology has had a revolutionary impact on our work and daily life. The rapid development of GIS technology and finite element simulation has made it possible for us to develop visual interactive technology that couples 3D, GIS, and finite elements. Coupling GIS and finite elements requires the improvement of multiple functions at the same time, including: 1) further improving the functions of GIS; 2) improving the theory and methods of numerical simulation technology; 3) strengthening the integration of GIS and general geotechnical numerical simulation software.

[0144] Therefore, in response to the above problems and in combination with the demand for intelligent deformation monitoring, this application aims to systematically study the dynamic visualization method of coupled physical field intelligent deformation monitoring. Due to their independent modeling systems, the coupling of physical fields and geospatial three-dimensional visualization has unique complexity, which requires the combination of original field real-time monitoring, collection, and processing technology, GIS three-dimensional space calculation and visualization capabilities, and finite element data fitting and physical field calculation capabilities. The research fully utilizes modern scientific and technological means, which will provide a scientific basis and technical support for the intelligent monitoring of slope disaster sites in Guizhou Province and even the whole country, and its results can be extended to the construction of deformation monitoring systems for other types of disaster sites.

[0145] The above are only embodiments of the present invention, and the common knowledge such as the known specific technical solutions and / or characteristics in the solution are not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for dynamic monitoring of geological disasters based on seamless coupling of 3D, GIS and finite element simulation, including: The initial state data of different monitoring points are collected by deformation and strain, and input into the 3D model based on GIS standards to build a visual 3D geological model; According to the visualized three-dimensional geological model, the initial state data of different monitoring points are used to obtain other monitoring points in the area where the current monitoring point is located through a multi-layer associated topological network. The mathematical model of other monitoring points is designed with mathematical functions as the guide to determine their change states in the space domain and time domain to obtain various types of data of each monitoring point. The various types of data of all monitoring points are compared and analyzed to see whether they have coupling characteristics in the space domain and time domain, and the information standardized geological information with coupling relationship is established based on the coupling characteristics. According to the initial conditions and boundary conditions set for the visualized 3D geological model based on the standardized geological information, a refined finite element 3D grid is established to form a 3D visualized interactive dynamic monitoring of coupled physical field information; The initial conditions and boundary conditions set for the visualized three-dimensional geological model according to the standardized geological information are used to establish a refined finite element 3D grid, and form a three-dimensional visualized interactive dynamic monitoring of coupled physical field information, including the following steps: Step S1, the information standardized geological information includes spatial structure nodes and structural information of a visualized three-dimensional geological model, wherein the spatial structure nodes are pressure thresholds and stress thresholds in the spatial domain of monitoring points, and the structural information is moving coordinate data of the coordinate system position in the time domain of the monitoring points; Step S2, using the surface coordinate system data of the monitoring point and the initial state data of the geological stress as the initial conditions of the visualized three-dimensional geological model, using the moving coordinate data in step S1 as the boundary conditions of the surface coordinate system data of the visualized three-dimensional geological model, using the pressure threshold and the stress threshold in step S1 as the boundary conditions of the geological stress of the visualized three-dimensional geological model, and the boundary conditions are the boundary values ​​for the occurrence of geological disasters; Step S3, establish a finite element mesh for the visualized three-dimensional geological model in step S2, simulate the evolution of the disaster point through the evolution model, and import the evolution structure into 3D and GIS for visualization, so as to form a three-dimensional visualized interactive dynamic monitoring of coupled physical field information.

2. The method for dynamic monitoring of geological disasters based on seamless coupling of 3D, GIS and finite element simulation according to claim 1 is characterized by: The initial state data of different monitoring points are collected by deformation and strain, and input into the 3D model based on the GIS standard to build a visual three-dimensional geological model, including the following steps: Step S1, obtaining the initial state data of the deformation of the surface coordinates corresponding to a certain monitoring point in the area through remote sensing mapping by drones, satellites and ground cameras; Step S2, obtaining the initial state data of the geological coordinate strain corresponding to a certain monitoring point in the area through a borehole pressure test; Step S3: input the initial state data of the surface coordinate deformation in step S1 into the 3D model based on the GIS standard, and simultaneously input the initial state data of the geological coordinate strain in step S2 into the 3D model based on the GIS standard, and jointly construct a visual three-dimensional geological model.

3. The method for dynamic monitoring of geological disasters based on seamless coupling of 3D, GIS and finite element simulation according to claim 2 is characterized by: In step S1, the remote sensing mapping by drone, satellite and ground camera includes: Remote sensing mapping using drones to automatically collect data on remotely sensed objects using optical cameras, LiDAR and multispectral cameras; Satellite and UAV integrated remote sensing mapping, using satellite to accurately calibrate the UAV remote sensing object data; Integrated remote sensing mapping with ground cameras and drones, using ground cameras to collect remote sensing object data in the area and supplementing the drone remote sensing object data; When a drone or ground camera transmits telemetry object data wirelessly, a signal center station is designed in the area, and the signal center station serves as a signal reinforcement point and is used to increase the wireless transmission signal of the drone and ground camera.

4. The method for dynamic monitoring of geological disasters based on seamless coupling of 3D, GIS and finite element simulation according to claim 2 is characterized by: In step S2, the borehole pressure test includes: Rock mass pressure test: Use borehole deformation gauges, borehole strain gauges and borehole inclusion stress gauges, hydraulic fracturing or casing and borehole bottom stress relief methods, or long-term monitoring of stress changes in the rock mass to determine the magnitude and direction of ground stress.

5. The method for dynamic monitoring of geological disasters based on seamless coupling of 3D, GIS and finite element simulation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: obtaining other monitoring points in the area where the current monitoring point is located through a multi-layer associated topological network based on the initial state data of different monitoring points according to the visualized three-dimensional geological model: Step S1, the initial state data of other monitoring points are analyzed through the first associated topology network in the multi-layer associated topology network to obtain the positional relationship with the initial state data of the current monitoring point; Step S2, taking the initial state data of the current monitoring point in the first associated topology network as the key object for screening, generating the initial state data of other monitoring points in the second associated topology network, the second associated topology network being a subnetwork of the first associated topology network in the multi-layer associated topology network; Step S3, determine the target member block network corresponding to the initial state data of the current monitoring point based on the initial state data of all monitoring points in the second associated topology network, wherein the member devices in the target member block network correspond one-to-one to the monitoring targets in the sensitive mapping target queue, and each member device corresponds to a monitoring target in the sensitive mapping target queue.

6. The method for dynamic monitoring of geological disasters based on seamless coupling of 3D, GIS and finite element simulation according to claim 5 is characterized by: In step S1, the first associated topological network is the initial state data of the surface coordinates and geological coordinates corresponding to all monitoring points, and the initial state data includes the coordinate system position and ground stress data. Each monitoring point in the first associated topological network is used to simulate various monitoring targets in the area where the current monitoring point is located.

7. The method for dynamic monitoring of geological disasters based on seamless coupling of 3D, GIS and finite element simulation according to claim 5 is characterized by: In step S3, the target member block network fuses the remote sensing image data and ground stress data collected by all member devices of the second associated topology network to form a corresponding monitoring target, and all monitoring targets form a sensitive mapping target queue in sequence, and all sensitive mapping target queues automatically generate a target member block network.

8. The method for dynamic monitoring of geological disasters based on seamless coupling of 3D, GIS and finite element simulation according to claim 1 is characterized by: The other monitoring points are designed with mathematical models guided by mathematical functions to determine their changing states in the space domain and time domain to obtain various data of each monitoring point, and various data of all monitoring points are compared and analyzed to see whether they have coupling characteristics in the space domain and time domain, and information standardized geological information with coupling relationship is established based on the coupling characteristics, including the following steps: Step S1, in the time domain, the coordinate position of the monitoring point at the previous moment and the current coordinate position are calculated to obtain the moving coordinate data of the monitoring point and save them; in the space domain, the stress of the monitoring point at the previous moment and the stress of the monitoring point at the current moment are respectively compared with the threshold stress; Step S2, in the time domain and the space domain, taking a period of time as a benchmark, repeating step S1 to obtain the moving coordinate data of the same time difference, taking the moving coordinate data as the surface change value, and the change state of the applied force of the monitoring point at the previous time and the applied pressure at the current time; Step S3, in the time domain, based on step S2, assume that the coordinates of the monitoring point at the current moment are (x, y, z), the coordinates at the previous moment are (x1, y1, z1), and the moving coordinate data is [(x-x1), (y-y1), (z-z1)]; perform linear changes on the monitoring point at continuous time t, and the calculation formula is: Y=[(x-x1),(y-y1),(z-z1)]t Where: Y is the coordinate data for inferring and predicting the movement of the monitoring point in continuous time t; In the spatial domain, based on step S2, the stress at the monitoring point at the current moment includes a pressure value of X1 and a stress value of Y1, and the stress at the previous moment includes a pressure value of X2 and a stress value of Y2, and the pressure threshold in the threshold is set to X and the stress threshold is set to Y: When X1≥X and X2≥X, it is judged that the geological coordinates of the monitoring point have been strained in the initial state; When X1≤X, and X2≥X, it is judged that the geological coordinates of the monitoring point are strained in a continuous state for a period of time; When X1≤X and X2≤X, it is judged that the geological coordinates of the monitoring point will not be strained within a period of time; Step S4, comparing the coordinate data A obtained by linearly changing the monitoring point in the time domain in step S3 in continuous time with the coordinate data B obtained by linearly changing the monitoring point adjacent to or extending from the same region, to determine whether the monitoring point affects the monitoring point adjacent to or extending from the same region, and to obtain the coupling characteristics between the two; The monitoring point and the monitoring points adjacent to or extending from the same area in the spatial domain in step S3 are compared by thresholds at continuous time to obtain a state of pressure change, so as to determine whether the monitoring point affects the monitoring points adjacent to or extending from the same area, and obtain coupling characteristics between the two; Step S5: input the coupling features obtained in step S4 into the 3D model based on the GIS standard to construct information standardized geological information, wherein the information standardized geological information includes the spatial structure nodes and structural information of the visualized three-dimensional geological model.

9. The method for dynamic monitoring of geological disasters based on seamless coupling of 3D, GIS and finite element simulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the finite element network is established based on the GIS standard, based on the 3D, GIS slope field nodes and grid information, using grid tools to establish a refined three-dimensional finite element mesh, and optimize unreasonable nodes and grids.

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